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1

Rizal, Conrad, Vladimir Belotelov, Daria Ignatyeva, Anatoly K. Zvezdin, and Simone Pisana. "Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) to Magneto-Optic SPR." Condensed Matter 4, no. 2 (May 27, 2019): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/condmat4020050.

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In this editorial, a brief background of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) principle is discussed, followed by several aspects of magneto-optic SPR (MOSPR) and sensing schemes from the viewpoint of fundamental studies and potential technological applications. New sensitivity metrics are introduced that would allow researchers to compare the performance of SPR and MOSPR-based sensors. Merits of MOSPR over SPR based sensors and challenges faced by MOSPR sensors in terms of their practical use and portability are also considered. The editorial ends with potential new configurations and future prospects. This work is considered highly significant to device engineers, graduate and undergraduate students, and researchers of all levels involved in developing new classes of bio-devices for sensing, imaging, environmental monitoring, toxic gas detection, and surveying applications to name a few.
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2

Semchuk, O. Yu, O. O. Havryliuk, and A. A. Biliuk. "Kinetic theory of surface plasmon resonance in metal nanoparticles." Surface 12(27) (December 30, 2020): 3–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/surface.2020.12.003.

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In recent years, interest in studying the optical properties of metallic nanostructures has grown. This interest is primarily related to the possibility of practical application of such nanostructures in quantum optical computers, micro- and nanosensors. These applications are based on the fundamental optical effect of surface plasmon excitation. The consequence of this phenomenon is surface plasmon resonance (SPR) - an increase in the cross section of energy absorption by a metal nanoparticle as the frequency of incident light (laser radiation) approaches the SPR frequency of the nanoparticle. Plasmon structures are used to improve the efficiency of thin-film SC. In such structures, metal nanoparticles can primarily act as additional scattering elements for the long-wavelength component of sunlight illuminating SC. As a collective phenomenon, SPR can be described using kinetic approaches, ie using the Boltzmann kinetic equation for the conduction electrons of metal nanoparticles. In this work, the theory of SPR based on the kinetic equation for the conduction electrons of nanoparticles is constructed. to the well-known results derived from the Drude-Sommerfeld theory. Second, the kinetic method makes it possible to study metal nanoparticles with sizes larger or ptical conductivity tensor for spheroidal metal nanoparticles. It is shown that the effect of nanoparticle asymmetry on the ratio of the components of the optical conductivity tensor differs not only smaller than the average electron free path length. The developed theory is used to calculate the oquantitatively but also qualitatively in high-frequency and low-frequency surface scattering. It was found that in metal nanoparticles in a dielectric matrix, under SPR conditions, the full width of the SPR line in a spherical metal nanoparticle depends on both the radius of the particle and the frequency of the electromagnetic (laser) radiation exciting this SPR. It is shown that oscillations of the SPR line width with a change in the dielectric constant of the medium in which they are located can be observed in metal nanoparticles. The magnitude of these oscillations is greater the smaller the size of the nanoparticle and increases significantly with increase. As the radius of the spherical nanoparticle increases, the width of the SPR line decreases significantly and prevails around a certain constant value in media with a higher value of dielectric constant.
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3

Wang, Xing-Yuan, Yi-Lun Wang, Suo Wang, Bo Li, Xiao-Wei Zhang, Lun Dai, and Ren-Min Ma. "Lasing Enhanced Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensing." Nanophotonics 6, no. 2 (March 1, 2017): 472–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2016-0006.

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AbstractThe resonance phenomena of surface plasmons has enabled development of a novel class of noncontact, real-time and label-free optical sensors, which have emerged as a prominent tool in biochemical sensing and detection. However, various forms of surface plasmon resonances occur with natively strong non-radiative Drude damping that weakens the resonance and limits the sensing performance fundamentally. Here we experimentally demonstrate the first lasing-enhanced surface plasmon resonance (LESPR) refractive index sensor. The figure of merit (FOM) of intensity sensing is ~84,000, which is about 400 times higher than state-of-the-art surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor. We found that the high FOM originates from three unique features of LESPR sensors: high-quality factor, nearly zero background emission and the Gaussian-shaped lasing spectra. The LESPR sensors may form the basis for a novel class of plasmonic sensors with unprecedented performance for a broad range of applications.
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4

HORING, NORMAN J. MORGENSTERN, and H. L. CUI. "SURFACE-PLASMON-RESONANCE BASED OPTICAL SENSING." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 18, no. 01 (March 2008): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s012915640800514x.

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Over the past twenty years, surface plasmon resonance has been developed as an effective technique for use in real-time biotechnological measurements of the kinetics of label-free biomolecular interactions with high sensitivity.1-16 On a fundamental level, it is the dielectric-imaging involvement of the adsorbed biomolecular layer (DNA for example) in shifting the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) frequency by means of electrostatic coupling at the interface with the metal film substrate that facilitates SPR-based optical sensing. Of course, there are various factors that can influence surface plasmon resonance, including plasma nonlocality, phonons, multiplicity of layers, all of which should be carefully examined. Moreover, tunable SPR phenomenology based on the role of a magnetic field (both classically and quantum mechanically) merits consideration in regard to the field's effects on both the substrate17 and the adsorbed layer(s).18 This paper is focused on the establishment of the basic equations governing surface plasmon resonance, incorporating all the features cited above. In it, we present the formulation and closed-form analytical solution for the dynamic, nonlocal screening function of a thick substrate material with a thin external adsorbed layer, which can be extended to multiple layers. The result involves solution of the random phase approximation (RPA) integral equation for the spatially inhomogeneous system of the substrate and adsorbed layer,19-25 given the individual polarizabilities of the thick substrate and the layer. (This is tantamount to the space-time matrix inversion of the inhomogeneous joint dielectric function of the system.) The frequency poles of the resulting screening function determine the shifted surface (and bulk) plasmon resonances and the associated residues at the resonance frequencies provide their relative excitation amplitudes. The latter represent the response strengths of the surface plasmon resonances (oscillator strengths), and will be of interest in optimizing the materials to be employed.
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5

Choi, Jin-Ha, Jin-Ho Lee, Joohyung Son, and Jeong-Woo Choi. "Noble Metal-Assisted Surface Plasmon Resonance Immunosensors." Sensors 20, no. 4 (February 13, 2020): 1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20041003.

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For the early diagnosis of several diseases, various biomarkers have been discovered and utilized through the measurement of concentrations in body fluids such as blood, urine, and saliva. The most representative analytical method for biomarker detection is an immunosensor, which exploits the specific antigen-antibody immunoreaction. Among diverse analytical methods, surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based immunosensors are emerging as a potential detection platform due to high sensitivity, selectivity, and intuitive features. Particularly, SPR-based immunosensors could detect biomarkers without labeling of a specific detection probe, as typical immunosensors such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) use enzymes like horseradish peroxidase (HRP). In this review, SPR-based immunosensors utilizing noble metals such as Au and Ag as SPR-inducing factors for the measurement of different types of protein biomarkers, including viruses, microbes, and extracellular vesicles (EV), are briefly introduced.
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6

Olaru, Andreea, Camelia Bala, Nicole Jaffrezic-Renault, and Hassan Y. Aboul-Enein. "Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) Biosensors in Pharmaceutical Analysis." Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry 45, no. 2 (January 6, 2015): 97–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2014.881250.

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7

Piliarik, Marek, and Jiří Homola. "Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors: approaching their limits?" Optics Express 17, no. 19 (September 1, 2009): 16505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.17.016505.

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8

Eum, Nyeon-Sik, Do-Eok Kim, Se-Hyuk Yeom, Byoung-Ho Kang, Kyu-Jin Kim, Chang-Sub Park, and Shin-Won Kang. "Variable wavelength surface plasmon resonance (SPR) in biosensing." Biosystems 98, no. 1 (October 2009): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystems.2009.05.008.

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9

Bao, Yu, Bo Li, Yi Ran Guan, and Gui Fu Yang. "Amphetamine Detection Based on Surface Plasmon Resonance Techniques." Advanced Materials Research 143-144 (October 2010): 1056–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.143-144.1056.

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This paper introduced a new method for detection of amphetamine based on the Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) techniques. Experimental results show that SPR is approved to be a suitable approach for detection of amphetamine due to its unique properties such as label-free, real-time, high sensitivity, etc. By introducing such a SPR detection, 10μg/ml amphetamine could be easily detected and compounds with similar molecular structure are also expected suitable for SPR detection.
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10

Ivanov, A. S., and A. E. Medvedev. "Optical surface plasmon resonance biosensors in molecular fishing." Biomeditsinskaya Khimiya 61, no. 2 (2015): 231–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18097/pbmc20156102231.

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An optical biosensor employing surface plasmon resonance is a highly efficient instrument applicable for direct real time registration of molecular interactions without additional use of any labels or coupled processes. As an independent approach it is especially effective in analysis of various ligand receptor interactions. SPR-biosensors are used for validation of studies on intermolecular interactions in complex biological systems (affinity profiling of various groups of proteins, etc.). Recently, potential application of the SPR-biosensor for molecular fishing (direct affinity binding of target molecules from complex biological mixtures on the optical biosensor surface followed by their elution for identification by LC-MS/MS) has been demonstrated. Using SPR-biosensors in such studies it is possible to solve the following tasks: (a) SPR-based selection of immobilization conditions required for the most effective affinity separation of a particular biological sample; (b) SPR-based molecular fishing for subsequent protein identification by mass spectrometry; (c) SPR-based validation of the interaction of identified proteins with immobilized ligand. This review considers practical application of the SPR technology in the context of recent studies performed in the Institute of Biomedical Chemistry on molecular fishing of real biological objects.
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11

Wan Ahamad, Wan Mohd Azwady, Dzaraini Kamarun, Mohd Kamil Abd Rahman, and Mohamad Shukri Kamarudin. "Modular Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) Biosensor Based on Wavelength Modulation." Advanced Materials Research 1107 (June 2015): 699–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1107.699.

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This paper deals with a new invention of modular surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor device based on wavelength modulation wherein the angle of incidence of the light source is fixed and the shift in wavelength at resonance is monitored. This device is capable of detecting biomolecular binding interactions of different species such as protein and viruses based on changes in the refractive index of the dielectric environment. White light source mounted with a polarizer is used to excite plasmons on the sensor surface which is thin gold film of ~21 μm thickness coated on BK-7 glass. A variable angle reflection sampling system (VARSS) device from Ocean Optics was modified to incorporate the transducer components and sampling accessories. SPR was observed at the angle of incidence of the light fixed at 29°. At this point, plasmon evanescent wave coupling occurred with highest loss of light intensity. HR4000-UV-NIR photodetector is used to observe the change in resonance wavelength when the dielectric environment around the surface of the transducer was changed. Two liquid samples; water (n=1.33) and ethylene glycol (n=1.43) was introduced onto the sensor surface to model changes in wavelength resonance with difference in refractive index of dielectric environment. It was observed that the resonance wavelength for water and ethylene glycol are 590.10 nm and 594.23 nm respectively when reference to air (n=1.00) indicating the workability of the device.
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12

Wang, Dongping, Jacky Loo, Jiajie Chen, Yeung Yam, Shih-Chi Chen, Hao He, Siu Kong, and Ho Ho. "Recent Advances in Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging Sensors." Sensors 19, no. 6 (March 13, 2019): 1266. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19061266.

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The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor is an important tool widely used for studying binding kinetics between biomolecular species. The SPR approach offers unique advantages in light of its real-time and label-free sensing capabilities. Until now, nearly all established SPR instrumentation schemes are based on single- or several-channel configurations. With the emergence of drug screening and investigation of biomolecular interactions on a massive scale these days for finding more effective treatments of diseases, there is a growing demand for the development of high-throughput 2-D SPR sensor arrays based on imaging. The so-called SPR imaging (SPRi) approach has been explored intensively in recent years. This review aims to provide an up-to-date and concise summary of recent advances in SPRi. The specific focuses are on practical instrumentation designs and their respective biosensing applications in relation to molecular sensing, healthcare testing, and environmental screening.
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13

Gryga, Michal, Dalibor Ciprian, and Petr Hlubina. "Bloch Surface Wave Resonance Based Sensors as an Alternative to Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors." Sensors 20, no. 18 (September 8, 2020): 5119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20185119.

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We report on a highly sensitive measurement of the relative humidity (RH) of moist air using both the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and Bloch surface wave resonance (BSWR). Both resonances are resolved in the Kretschmann configuration when the wavelength interrogation method is utilized. The SPR is revealed for a multilayer plasmonic structure of SF10/Cr/Au, while the BSWR is resolved for a multilayer dielectric structure (MDS) comprising four bilayers of TiO2/SiO2 with a rough termination layer of TiO2. The SPR effect is manifested by a dip in the reflectance of a p-polarized wave, and a shift of the dip with the change in the RH, or equivalently with the change in the refractive index of moist air is revealed, giving a sensitivity in a range of 0.042–0.072 nm/%RH. The BSWR effect is manifested by a dip in the reflectance of the spectral interference of s- and p-polarized waves, which represents an effective approach in resolving the resonance with maximum depth. For the MDS under study, the BSWRs were resolved within two band gaps, and for moist air we obtained sensitivities of 0.021–0.038 nm/%RH and 0.046–0.065 nm/%RH, respectively. We also revealed that the SPR based RH measurement is with the figure of merit (FOM) up to 4.7 × 10−4 %RH−1, while BSWR based measurements have FOMs as high as 3.0 × 10−3 %RH−1 and 1.1 × 10−3 %RH−1, respectively. The obtained spectral interferometry based results demonstrate that the BSWR based sensor employing the available MDS has a similar sensitivity as the SPR based sensor, but outperforms it in the FOM. BSW based sensors employing dielectrics thus represent an effective alternative with a number of advantages, including better mechanical and chemical stability than metal films used in SPR sensing.
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14

Wang, Xiao Ming, Chun Liu Zhao, Run Guang Yang, Yan Ru Wang, Fei Fei Shi, and Shang Zhong Jin. "Tapered Fiber-Optic Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor." Applied Mechanics and Materials 738-739 (March 2015): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.738-739.23.

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We propose a tapered fiber-optic based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor. The plasmonic sensing is designed by coating the waist of tapered fiber-optic with gold. The transmission spectrum of SPR wavelength were investigated by 2D finite element method (FEM). The calculation shows that the dips of the resonance wavelength shift toward long wave direction with the thickness of gold film decreasing. And increasing the diameters of the waist core of tapered fiber-optic also makes the resonance wavelength shift long wave direction. Furthermore, changing the refractive index of the external samples from 1.333 to 1.343 with step of ~0.002, the SPR wavelength shifts linearly from 575.05nm to 472.5nm. Owing to its compact and simple configuration, it also provides a feasible program for the refractive index high sensitivity detection.Keywords: surface plasmon resonance (SPR); tapered fiber-optic sensor; surface plasma; finite element method (FEM); optical fiber sensor
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15

Pechprasarn, Suejit, Kodchakorn Ittipornnuson, Thitika Jungpanich, Nattha Pensupa, and Naphat Albutt. "Surface Plasmon Biosensor Platform for Food Industry." Applied Mechanics and Materials 891 (May 2019): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.891.103.

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Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based biosensor is a gold standard optical sensor for biological protein interaction in life science. In this paper, we firstly discuss how the SPR based sensor can give unique advantages over other sensing techniques for food safety and food quality control in food industry. We discuss the differences in sample preparation process for the SPR system and other screening methods and point out that the SPR can reduce the food screen quality control cost and time. A brief review of food analysis that has been tested under SPR system. Key requirements for building up a surface plasmon resonance based sensor for food industry especially in Thailand are highlighted. An SPR based sensor has been recently developed and constructed based on the requirements. We also discuss practical issues and how to possibly get around them.
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16

Huang, Tianye, Shuwen Zeng, Xiang Zhao, Zhuo Cheng, and Perry Shum. "Fano Resonance Enhanced Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors Operating in Near-Infrared." Photonics 5, no. 3 (August 10, 2018): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics5030023.

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In the phase-sensitivity-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensing scheme, the highest phase jump usually happens at the darkness or quasi-darkness reflection point, which results in low power for detection. To overcome such a limitation, in this paper, a waveguide-coupled SPR configuration is proposed to work at near-infrared. The coupling between surface plasmon polariton (SPP) mode and photonic waveguide (PWG) mode results in electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and asymmetric Fano resonance (FR). Near the resonance, the differential phase between p-polarized and s-polarized incident waves experience drastic variation upon change of the surrounding refractive index. More importantly, since the FR occurs at the resonance slope of SPP mode, the corresponding phase change is accompanied with relatively high reflectivity, which is essential for signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) enhancement and power consumption reduction. Phase sensitivity up to 106 deg/RIU order with a minimum SPR reflectivity higher than 20% is achieved. The proposed scheme provides an alternative approach for high-performance sensing applications using FR.
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17

Sun, Rong Chun, Yu Chen, and Xue Hu. "Design of the High-Precision SPR System." Advanced Materials Research 442 (January 2012): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.442.119.

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Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technology is widely used in biochemistry sensing, drug analysis, environmental monitoring and other fields. Based on the principle of surface plasmon resonance, high-precision SPR system was developed by using Kretschmann model in this paper. Automatic control, data acquisition, real-time display and storage integration of SPR system have been achieved by Labview software in PC. The single sample test results show that the system has high accuracy and stability.
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18

Nguyen, Tan Tai, and Kieu Vo Thi Diem. "Optical Sensors based on Surface Plasmon Resonance." Asian Journal of Chemistry 32, no. 12 (2020): 2953–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2020.22921.

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This brief review presents the recent process in optical sensors based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR). In particular, it will focus on the optical sensors that employ the change of refractive index as the sensing transduction signal. Various detection schemes of optical sensors which include phase modulation, wavelength modulation and intensity modulation are discussed. The performance advantageous and disadvantageous of the description of optical sensors structure and their respective experimental configurations are also described. The examples of detection in chemistry, biology and heavy metals will be presented. Future prospects of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensing technology is also discussed.
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19

Kaušaitė, Asta, Almira Ramanavičienė, Viktoras Mostovojus, and Arūnas Ramanavičius. "Surface plasmon resonance and its application to biomedical research." Medicina 43, no. 5 (April 22, 2007): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina43050044.

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In the recent years, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) has become one of the major methods for studying and determination of biologically active materials exhibiting affinity interactions. SRP biosensors are increasingly used in biochemistry and bioanalytical chemistry to determine antibody-antigen interactions, to investigate DNA hybridization, to diagnose bacteria- and virus-induced diseases, to identify hormones, steroids, and immunoglobulins, to investigate blood plasma coagulation. Using SPR biosensors, it is possible to analyze the mixtures of substances with a very similar chemical structure because SPR allows identifying only those analytes that specifically interact with biologically active substance immobilized on the surface of SPR biosensor. SPR biosensors are applied to monitor interactions between immobilized biologically active substance and analyte in real-time without labeling. On the other hand, it is possible to investigate not only association of analyte with immobilized material, but also the dissociation of a newly formed complex. SPR biosensors in many cases may be used to perform up to 50 measurements with the same SPR chip with an immobilized biological recognition element. Therefore, at present SPR is one of the most promising methods for determining the interactions between ligand and receptor, antigen and antibody, thus being increasingly used in diagnostics and biomedical research.
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20

Chang, Chia-Chen. "Recent Advancements in Aptamer-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensing Strategies." Biosensors 11, no. 7 (July 10, 2021): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios11070233.

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Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) can track molecular interactions in real time, and is a powerful as well as widely used biological and chemical sensing technique. Among the different SPR-based sensing applications, aptamer-based SPR biosensors have attracted significant attention because of their simplicity, feasibility, and low cost for target detection. Continuous developments in SPR aptasensing research have led to the emergence of abundant technical and design concepts. To understand the recent advances in SPR for biosensing, this paper reviews SPR-based research from the last seven years based on different sensing-type strategies and sub-directions. The characteristics of various SPR-based applications are introduced. We hope that this review will guide the development of SPR aptamer sensors for healthcare.
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21

Lertvachirapaiboon, Chutiparn, Akira Baba, Kazunari Shinbo, and Keizo Kato. "A smartphone-based surface plasmon resonance platform." Analytical Methods 10, no. 39 (2018): 4732–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ay01561a.

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This review provides an overview of smartphone-based SPR platforms in both reflection and transmission configurations, typical setups, and examples of their use in the analysis of chemical and biological samples.
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Kanezawa, Masahito, Genki Iizuka, Eri Ayano, Hideko Kanazawa, Yoshikatsu Akiyama, Akihiko Kikuchi, and Teruo Okano. "Analysis of protein using Handy-SPR(Surface Plasmon Resonance)." Journal of Life Support Engineering 17, Supplement (2005): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.5136/lifesupport.17.supplement_162.

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23

Gu, Yiying, Jiahui Yang, Jiayi Zhao, Yang Zhang, Shuangyue Yang, Jingjing Hu, and Mingshan Zhao. "Novel polymer waveguide-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor." Instrumentation Science & Technology 48, no. 3 (December 30, 2019): 269–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10739149.2019.1706556.

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24

Gaus, Katharina, and Elizabeth A. H. Hall. "Evaluation of Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) for Heparin Assay." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 194, no. 2 (October 1997): 364–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jcis.1997.5097.

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Gaus, Katharina, and Elizabeth A. H. Hall. "Evaluation of Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) for Heparin Assay." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 194, no. 2 (October 1997): 373–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jcis.1997.5098.

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26

Mavri, Jan, Peter Raspor, and Mladen Franko. "Application of chromogenic reagents in surface plasmon resonance (SPR)." Biosensors and Bioelectronics 22, no. 6 (January 2007): 1163–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2006.07.018.

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27

Geddes, Chris D. "30 Years of Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) for Biosensing." Plasmonics 9, no. 4 (August 2014): 727. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11468-014-9763-7.

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28

Gandhiraman, Ram P., Gowri Manickam, Laura Kerr, Chandra K. Dixit, Colin Doyle, David E. Williams, and Stephen Daniels. "Plasma-Fabricated Surface Plasmon Resonance Chip for Biosensing." Australian Journal of Chemistry 68, no. 3 (2015): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch14324.

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This work reports the fabrication of a biosensing chip surface designed for plasmonic detection, and features a layer of noble metal nanoparticles encapsulated as a sandwich within amine-functionalized polysiloxane layers formed by plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition. The collective surface plasmon resonance (CSPR) phenomenon characteristic of a dense particle layer is demonstrated for encapsulated gold nanoparticles of different diameters. Biomolecular immobilization is carried out through the amine functional groups that are part of the encapsulating layer. The detection of biomolecular binding events at the sensor surface is demonstrated both by a shift in resonance wavelength at constant angle of incidence using SPR-enhanced spectroscopic ellipsometry and by detecting the angular shift in resonance in a commercial SPR instrument (Biacore®). Taken with other results, this work shows how a complete SPR chip can be assembled by a rapid sequence of operations in a single plasma chamber.
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29

Englebienne, Patrick, Anne Van Hoonacker, and Michel Verhas. "Surface plasmon resonance: principles, methods and applications in biomedical sciences." Spectroscopy 17, no. 2-3 (2003): 255–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2003/372913.

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Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is a phenomenon occuring at metal surfaces (typically gold and silver) when an incident light beam strikes the surface at a particular angle. Depending on the thickness of a molecular layer at the metal surface, the SPR phenomenon results in a graded reduction in intensity of the reflected light. Biomedical applications take advantage of the exquisite sensitivity of SPR to the refractive index of the medium next to the metal surface, which makes it possible to measure accurately the adsorption of molecules on the metal surface and their eventual interactions with specific ligands. The last ten years have seen a tremendous development of SPR use in biomedical applications. The technique is applied not only to the measurement in real-time of the kinetics of ligand–receptor interactions and to the screening of lead compounds in the pharmaceutical industry, but also to the measurement of DNA hybridization, enzyme–substrate interactions, in polyclonal antibody characterization, epitope mapping, protein conformation studies and label-free immunoassays. Conventional SPR is applied in specialized biosensing instruments. These instruments use expensive sensor chips of limited reuse capacity and require complex chemistry for ligand or protein immobilization. Our laboratory has successfully applied SPR with colloidal gold particles in buffered solution. This application offers many advantages over conventional SPR. The support is cheap, easily synthesized, and can be coated with various proteins or protein–ligand complexes by charge adsorption. With colloidal gold, the SPR phenomenon can be monitored in any UV-vis spectrophotometer. For high‒throughput applications, we have adapted the technology in an automated clinical chemistry analyzer. This simple technology finds application in label-free quantitative immunoassay techniques for proteins and small analytes, in conformational studies with proteins as well as in the real-time association-dissociation measurements of receptor–ligand interactions, for high-throughput screening and lead optimization.
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AL-Janaby, Nidaa, and Anwaar AL-Dergazly. "Fabrication of multi-mode tip fiber sensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR)." Sustainable Engineering and Innovation 2, no. 1 (February 4, 2020): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37868/sei.v2i1.27.

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During this work, fiber optic sensor based on surface Plasmon resonance (SPR) was prepared. The sensor of SPR was configured by coating a thin layer of gold film on the end of a cleaved optical fiber by a sputtering technique. The source of white light was utilized to produce a series of wavelengths and excites surface Plasmon resonance at the fiber tip. SPR sensor was immersed into media with different refractive indexes in the range )1-1.58( including their similar Plasmon resonance wavelength shifts were saved by optical spectrum analyzer and noticed reflected light on a personal computer. Experimental results that obtained show there is a redshift when increasing the refractive index of solutions and sensitivity reach 298nm/ RIU, and resolution 4.31x .
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31

Salamon, Zdzislaw, and Gordon Tollin. "Plasmon resonance spectroscopy: probing molecular interactions at surfaces and interfaces." Spectroscopy 15, no. 3,4 (2001): 161–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2001/907405.

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Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy can be applied to a wide variety of interfacial systems. It involves resonant excitation by polarized light of electronic oscillations (plasmons) in a thin metal film. These generate a surface‒localized evanescent electromagnetic field that can be used to probe the optical properties perpendicular to the film plane of materials immobilized at the surface. Spectra depend on three parameters: refractive index (n), absorption coefficient (k) and thickness (t). Maxwell's equations provide an analytical relationship between these properties and SPR spectra, allowing their evaluation. An extension of this methodology, called coupled plasmon‒waveguide resonance (CPWR or PWR), is able to characterize film propertiesbothperpendicular and parallel to the surface plane. In a PWR device, the metal film is covered with a dielectric coating that acts as an optical amplifier, provides protection for the metal layer, and possesses a surface that allows various molecular immobilization strategies. The exceptionally narrow line widths of PWR spectra yield enhanced sensitivity and resolution. The application of this technology to several biomembrane systems will be described, demonstrating its ability to observe both binding and structural events occurring during membrane protein function.
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Balevičius, Zigmas. "Strong Coupling between Tamm and Surface Plasmons for Advanced Optical Bio-Sensing." Coatings 10, no. 12 (December 5, 2020): 1187. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10121187.

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The total internal reflection ellipsometry method was used to analyse the angular spectra of the hybrid Tamm and surface plasmon modes and to compare their results with those obtained using the conventional single SPR method. As such type of measurement is quite common in commercial SPR devices, more detailed attention was paid to the analysis of the p-polarization reflection intensity dependence. The conducted study showed that the presence of strong coupling in the hybrid plasmonic modes increases the sensitivity of the plasmonic-based sensors due to the reduced losses in the metal layer. The experimental results and analysis of the optical responses of three different plasmonic-based samples indicated that the optimized Tamm plasmons ΔRp(TP) and optimized surface plasmons ΔRp(SP) samples produce a response that is about five and six times greater than the conventional surface plasmon resonance ΔRp(SPR) in angular spectra. The sensitivity of the refractive index unit of the spectroscopic measurements for the optimized Tamm plasmon samples was 1.5 times higher than for conventional SPR, while for wavelength scanning, the SPR overcame the optimized TP by 1.5 times.
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Gao, Min, Yuhan He, Ying Chen, Tien-Mo Shih, Weimin Yang, Huanyang Chen, Zhilin Yang, and Zhaohui Wang. "Enhanced sum frequency generation for ultrasensitive characterization of plasmonic modes." Nanophotonics 9, no. 4 (February 24, 2020): 815–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2019-0447.

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AbstractHighly sensitive characterization of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) modes lays the solid foundation for wide SPR-related applications. Herein, we discover that these SPR modes based on all-metal nanostructures without any probed molecule can be characterized with ultrahigh sensitivities at both excitation and emission wavelengths by utilizing plasmon-enhanced sum frequency generation (PESFG) spectroscopy. The theory of PESFG for sensitively characterizing SPR modes is first validated experimentally. Moreover, we have elaborately demonstrated that PESFG strongly depends on both the resonant wavelengths of SPR modes and spatial mode distributions when azimuthal angles of excitations are varied. Our study not only enhances the understanding of the mechanism that governs PESFG, but also offers a potentially new method for exploring new-style SPR modes (e.g. plasmon-induced magnetic resonance and bound states in the continuum) by PESFG.
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Ibrahim, Joyce, Mostafa Al Masri, Isabelle Verrier, Thomas Kampfe, Colette Veillas, Frédéric Celle, Serge Cioulachtjian, Frédéric Lefèvre, and Yves Jourlin. "Surface Plasmon Resonance Based Temperature Sensors in Liquid Environment." Sensors 19, no. 15 (July 31, 2019): 3354. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19153354.

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The aim of this work is to measure the temperature variations by analyzing the plasmon signature on a metallic surface that is periodically structured and immersed in a liquid. A change in the temperature of the sample surface induces a modification of the local refractive index leading to a shift of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) frequency due to the strong interaction between the evanescent electric field and the metallic surface. The experimental set-up used in this study to detect the refractive index changes is based on a metallic grating permitting a direct excitation of a plasmon wave, leading to a high sensibility, high-temperature range and contactless sensor within a very compact and simple device. The experimental set-up demonstrated that SPR could be used as a non-invasive, high-resolution temperature measurement method for metallic surfaces.
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Bousiakou, Leda G., Hrvoje Gebavi, Lara Mikac, Stefanos Karapetis, and Mile Ivanda. "Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for Molecular Identification- a Review on Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) and Localised Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) in Optical Nanobiosensing." Croatica chemica acta 92, no. 4 (2019): 479–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5562/cca3558.

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Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) allows for real-time, label-free optical detection of many chemical and biological substances. Having emerged in the last two decades, it is a widely used technique due to its non-invasive nature, allowing for the ultra-sensitive detection of a number of analytes. This review article discusses the principles, providing examples and illustrating the utility of SPR within the frame of plasmonic nanobiosensing, while making comparisons with its successor, namely localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). In particular LSPR utilizes both metal nanoparticle arrays and single nanoparticles, as compared to a continuous film of gold as used in traditional SPR. LSPR, utilizes metal nanoparticle arrays or single nanoparticles that have smaller sizes than the wavelength of the incident light, measuring small changes in the wavelength of the absorbance position, rather than the angle as in SPR. We introduce LSPR nanobiosensing by describing the initial experiments performed, shift-enhancement methods, exploitation of the short electromagnetic field decay length, and single nanoparticle sensors are as pathways to further exploit the strengths of LSPR nanobiosensing. Coupling molecular identification to LSPR spectroscopy is also explored and thus examples from surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy are provided. The unique characteristics of LSPR nanobiosensing are emphasized and the challenges using LSPR nanobiosensors for detection of biomolecules as a biomarker are discussed.
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Mandke, Mohanrao V., and Habib M. Pathan. "Multipole Surface Plasmon Resonance in Electrodeposited Gold Nanoparticles." International Journal of Nanoscience 13, no. 02 (April 2014): 1450014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x14500148.

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Electrodeposition is a convenient, economical and template-free tool to create the gold nanostructures. A two-electrode electrochemical process is used for the deposition process. In this method by controlling the deposition time and electrode potential, nearly spherical and rod-like gold nanostructures were synthesized through the reduction of Chlorauric acid with citric acid as a complexing agent. Spherical gold nanostructures of different size around 2 nm to 30 nm and rod-like nanostructures with an aspect ratio 0.5 were grown directly on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO)-coated glass substrate. The growth mechanism of gold nanostructures is explained with the help of oriented attachment process. The contact angle measurement showed the hydrophilic nature of gold nanostructures using water with contact angle of about 56°. The optical properties showed a dipole, quadrupole and an octupole plasmon resonance mode at around 625 nm, 530 nm and 422 nm respectively. The dipole resonance peak extends further to give a broad absorption band in the near infrared region of electromagnetic waves. The refractive index sensitivity of gold nanoparticles in various solvents was investigated by calculating the red shift of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peaks. The quadrupole plasmon resonance mode showed maximum SPR sensitivity as compared to dipole and octupole plasmon resonance mode. The controlled formation of gold nanoparticles with variation of SPR over wide range of visible region supports the potential applications in biosensors, nanoelectronics and plasmon enhanced light absorption in photovoltaics, etc.
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Kashyap, Ritayan, Soumik Chakraborty, Shuwen Zeng, Sikha Swarnakar, Simran Kaur, Robin Doley, and Biplob Mondal. "Enhanced Biosensing Activity of Bimetallic Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor." Photonics 6, no. 4 (October 21, 2019): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics6040108.

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Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors present a challenge when high sensitivity and small FWHM (full width at half maximum) are required to be achieved simultaneously. FWHM is defined by the difference between the two extreme values of the independent variable at which the value of the dependent variable is equal to half of its maximum. A smaller value of FWHM indicates better accuracy of SPR measurements. Theoretically, many authors have claimed the possibility of simultaneously achieving high sensitivity and small FWHM, which in most of the cases has been limited by experimental validation. In this report, an experimental study on the improved surface plasmon resonance (SPR) characteristics of gold over silver bimetallic sensor chips of different film thicknesses is presented. A comparative study of antigen–antibody interaction of the bimetallic chip using a custom-made, low-cost, and portable SPR device based on an angular interrogation scheme of Kretschmann configuration is performed. Pulsed direct current (DC) magnetron-sputtered bimetallic films of gold over silver were used in the construction of the SPR chip. The FWHM and sensitivity of the bimetallic sensors were firstly characterized using standard solutions of known refractive index which were later immobilized with monoclonal anti-immunoglobulin G (IgG) in the construction of the SPR biochip. Spectroscopic measurements such as ultraviolet–visible light spectroscopy (UV–Vis) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for the confirmation of the immobilization of the antibody. The performance of the bimetallic SPR biochip was investigated by exposing the sensor to various concentrations of the target protein. The results indicated that the bimetallic sensors of silver/gold had a 3.5-fold reduced FWHM compared to pure gold-based sensors, indicating a higher detection accuracy. In addition, they exhibited a significant shift in resonance angle as high as 8.5 ± 0.2 due to antigen–antibody interaction, which was ~1.42-fold higher than observed for pure silver-based sensors.
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Learkthanakhachon, Supannee, Suejit Pechprasarn, Manas Sangworasil, Michael G. Somekh, and Naphat Albutt. "Theoretical Investigation of Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR)-Based Acoustic Sensor." Applied Mechanics and Materials 866 (June 2017): 370–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.866.370.

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We report a theoretical investigation of a surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based acoustic sensor for optical detection of ultrasound. The structure being studied is arranged in the Krestchmann configuration and the detection is performed by observing the change of refractive index of water next to the SPR metal. The acoustic pressure is simulated using COMSOL. The simulation results illustrate an insight into mechanism of pressure variation on the surface of SPR sensor due to a constructive interference of the ultrasound. This leads to a local refractive index change of water. The local refractive index change is calculated by converting the incident pressure to water density using IAPWS-95 formulation. Then, the water density is converted to the refractive index using Lorentz-Lorenz formulation. Here we report the change in the refractive index of the water to pressure, dn/dp, which is calculated to be 1.4 x 10-10 Pa-1, which is very close to the dn/dp reported by M. W. Sigrist 1986. We also investigated the effect of temperature and wavelength on the dn/dp and found that the variation in temperature and wavelength does not show any significant effect on the dn/dp relationship. We also discuss the effect of quality factor (Q) and possible improvements to enhance the sensitivity of SPR-based acoustic sensor.
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39

Huang, Y. H., H. P. Ho, S. Y. Wu, and S. K. Kong. "Detecting Phase Shifts in Surface Plasmon Resonance: A Review." Advances in Optical Technologies 2012 (August 4, 2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/471957.

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Under certain conditions, a surface plasmon wave along a metal-dielectric interface can be excited by an optical beam. The reflected optical beam will then undergo changes in both intensity and phase. As the level of intensity or phase change is quite sensitive to the coupling conditions such as the molecule concentration on the metal surface, this phenomenon has been utilized for label-free detection of biological species and characterization of molecular interactions during the last two decades. Currently, most of the commercial surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors rely on the detection of absorption dip in angular or wavelength spectrum. However, recent researches have shown that phase detection has the potential to achieve lower limit of detection (LoD) and higher throughput. This paper, thus, intends to review various schemes and configurations for SPR phase detection. The performance advantages and disadvantages of various schemes will be emphasized. It is hoped that this paper will provide some insights to researchers interested in SPR sensing and help them to develop SPR sensors with better sensitivity and higher throughput.
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Houngkamhang, Nongluck, Apirom Vongsakulyanon, Patjaree Peungthum, Krisda Sudprasert, Pimpan Kitpoka, Mongkol Kunakorn, Boonsong Sutapun, Ratthasart Amarit, Armote Somboonkaew, and Toemsak Srikhirin. "Serum ABO Blood Typing by Surface Plasmon Resonance Technique." Advanced Materials Research 1131 (December 2015): 71–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1131.71.

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Aim of this work is to develop a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique for detection of anti-A and anti-B which are the antibodies specific to ABO blood group in serum based on solid phase immobilization of antigens on the surface. Synthetic antigens A and B were immobilized on the carboxymethyldextran (CMD) surface to measure the antibodies. The immobilized synthetic antigen surface were tested function by injection of monoclonal anti-A and anti-B. Total 20 plasma samples at 1:10 dilution were measured by SPR techniuqe and the result were concordant to standard agglutination technique. The cost of blood typing could be economized by high throughput and surface regeneration on SPR technique.
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XIAO, GUI-NA, SHI-QING MAN, HUA-LI ZHANG, and YAN-XIAO FENG. "PREPARATION AND SURFACE PLASMON RESONANCE OF COPPER NANOCAP ARRAYS." Modern Physics Letters B 25, no. 08 (March 30, 2011): 599–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984911025791.

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Copper nanocap arrays, consisting of a SiO 2 core with a Cu cap, were prepared by chemical synthesis combined with physical evaporation technique. The obtained samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared spectrophotometer. The copper nanocap arrays were found to exhibit tunable surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption peaks that were red-shifted as the ratio of the SiO 2 core diameter to the Cu cap thickness increased. While the cap thickness varied between 20 nm and 50 nm, the SPR peak shifted from 1650 nm to 1230 nm. While the core diameter varied between 140 nm and 400 nm, the longitudinal SPR peak shifted from 1243 nm to 1830 nm.
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42

Lee, Ju Yi, T. K. Chou, H. C. Shih, and Cheng Chih Hsu. "Surface Plasmon Resonance Bio-Sensor with Full Field Phase Detection." Key Engineering Materials 381-382 (June 2008): 349–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.381-382.349.

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A full field phase detection system for surface plasmon resonance (SPR) bio-sensor is presented. The phase difference variation between s and p polarization resulting from the SPR was detected by the polarization interferometry. In the polarization interferometry, the light reflected from the SPR sensor was divided into four phase quardrature parts by polarization components. By means of an algorithm similar to phase shifting interferometry, the phase distribution of SPR bio-sensor was obtained. We have successfully detected the phase difference variation with 0.07º resolution within 1×1 mm2 full field range. The corresponding detection limit of the refractive index change is about 1×10-7.
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Kang, Gai-Feng, Yu-Zhen Wang, Yun-Feng Bai, Ze-Zhong Chen, and Feng Feng. "Surface plasmon resonance based competitive immunoassay for Cd2+." RSC Advances 7, no. 70 (2017): 44054–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra07635e.

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44

Gupta, B. D., and R. K. Verma. "Surface Plasmon Resonance-Based Fiber Optic Sensors: Principle, Probe Designs, and Some Applications." Journal of Sensors 2009 (2009): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/979761.

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Surface plasmon resonance technique in collaboration with optical fiber technology has brought tremendous advancements in sensing of various physical, chemical, and biochemical parameters. In this review article, we present the principle of SPR technique for sensing and various designs of the fiber optic SPR probe reported for the enhancement of the sensitivity of the sensor. In addition, we present few examples of the surface plasmon resonance- (SPR-) based fiber optic sensors. The present review may provide researchers valuable information regarding fiber optic SPR sensors and encourage them to take this area for further research and development.
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45

RASOOLY, AVRAHAM. "Surface Plasmon Resonance Analysis of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B in Food." Journal of Food Protection 64, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-64.1.37.

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Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors are electro-optical instruments used for analyzing real-time protein-protein interactions. This work evaluates an SPR biosensor (Biacore 3000) in the detection of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) in foods. A sandwich SPR immunosensor involving two antibodies was used. The capturing antibody, bound covalently to the surface of the biosensor chip, performs the initial binding of the antigen and a second antibody binds to the captured antigen. The second antibody makes antigen verification possible and amplifies the signal. Pure SEB as well as SEB in spiked foods (milk and meat) were detected with little interference from the food matrix. In the control experiments with uncontaminated food samples no significant signal was detected. The SPR biosensor assay detects SEB at ~10 ng/ml rapidly, with initial binding within 2 min. The entire measurement cycle (including washing and chip regeneration) may take 5 min using one antibody or 8 min using two antibodies. These results suggest that the SPR biosensor may be a useful tool for real-time analysis of toxin in foods.
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46

Zhao, Yuting, Shuaiwen Gan, Leiming Wu, Jiaqi Zhu, Yuanjiang Xiang, and Xiaoyu Dai. "GeSe nanosheets modified surface plasmon resonance sensors for enhancing sensitivity." Nanophotonics 9, no. 2 (February 25, 2020): 327–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2019-0170.

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AbstractGermanium selenide (GeSe) nanosheets are stable and inexpensive and considered to have a great potential for photovoltaic applications, however we have demonstrated that GeSe nanosheets are also promising for sensing technology, in this paper. By spin-coating the GeSe nanosheets on the surface of noble metal (Au), we have obtained a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor with significantly enhanced sensitivity, and the performance of the sensor is closely related to the thickness of the GeSe film. By detecting different refractive index solutions, we have obtained the optimized sensitivity with 3581.2 nm/RIU (which is nearly 80% improvement compared to traditional SPR sensors) and figure of merit with 14.37 RIU−1. Moreover, the proposed SPR sensor was vastly superior in sensing Pb2+ heavy metal ions after coating it with chitosan and GeSe composite. A maximum sensitivity of 30.38 nm/μg/l has been verified, which is nearly six times better than that of conventional SPR sensor. Our results demonstrated that GeSe nanosheets overlayer with modified SPR sensor has its great potential in heavy metal detection and chemical-specific molecular identification.
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Singh, Sachin, Pravin Kumar Singh, Ahmad Umar, Pooja Lohia, Hasan Albargi, L. Castañeda, and D. K. Dwivedi. "2D Nanomaterial-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors for Biosensing Applications." Micromachines 11, no. 8 (August 15, 2020): 779. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11080779.

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The absorption and binding energy of material plays an important role with a large surface area and conductivity for the development of any sensing device. The newly grown 2D nanomaterials like black phosphorus transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) or graphene have excellent properties for sensing devices’ fabrication. This paper summarizes the progress in the area of the 2D nanomaterial-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor during last decade. The paper also focuses on the structure of Kretschmann configuration, the sensing principle of SPR, its characteristic parameters, application in various fields, and some important recent works related to SPR sensors have also been discussed, based on the present and future scope of this field. The present paper provides a platform for researchers to work in the field of 2D nanomaterial-based SPR sensors.
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48

Lebyedyeva, T., Y. Minov, P. Sutkovyi, Y. Frolov, P. Shpylovyy, and M. Starodub. "Development and Application of Devices Based on Surface Plasmon Resonance." Cybernetics and Computer Technologies, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 62–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.34229/2707-451x.20.1.7.

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Introduction. The purpose of the SPR sensor is to quickly and accurately determine the refractive index of the environment with the ability to diagnose the presence of a specific substance. SPR devices and biosensor diagnostic methods for laboratory diagnostics in medicine, veterinary medicine, determination of environmental pollution, for food quality control are being developed. The work is devoted to the development of devices based on the surface plasmon resonance of the “Plasmontest” series, which can be used for refractometric and biosensor applications. The purpose of the paper is to present the development of “Plasmontest” series devices that can be used for laboratory applications, as portable field-research devices and to carry out a comparison of optical circuits of SPR devices, their capabilities and operational characteristics during biochemical and physical experiment. Results. Specific features of the design of devices "Plasmontest" with discrete and aperture optical circuits are outlined. The method of approximation of the resonant SPR curve is proposed to accurately find the value of the resonance minimum. Procedures for normalizing and calibration of devices with aperture optical circuit in single-channel and dual-channel design are developed to improve measurement accuracy. Some features of the developed software for “Plasmontest” series devices are presented. Applications of "Plasmontest" devices for the refractometry and the development of thin-film technological processes as well as for creating the methods of immunosensory detection of a number of bacteria and toxins are described. Conclusions. The work on the creation of “Plasmontest” series devices showed the possibility for creating portable SPR devices and for refractometric, thin film and biosensor studies. It is shown that devices with aperture optical circuitry are the most promising in terms of compactness, reliability and low cost.
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Tangkawsakul, Wanida, Toemsak Srikhirin, Kazunari Shinbo, Keizo Kato, Futao Kaneko, and Akira Baba. "Application of Long-Range Surface Plasmon Resonance for ABO Blood Typing." International Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1432781.

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In this study, we demonstrate a long-range surface plasmon resonance (LR-SPR) biosensor for the detection of whole cell by captured antigens A and B on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs) as a model. The LR-SPR sensor chip consists of high-refractive index glass, a Cytop film layer, and a thin gold (Au) film, which makes the evanescent field intensity and the penetration depth longer than conventional SPR. Therefore, the LR-SPR biosensor has improved capability for detecting large analytes, such as RBCs. The antibodies specific to blood group A and group B (Anti-A and Anti-B) are covalently immobilized on a grafting self-assembled monolayer (SAM)/Au surface on the biosensor. For blood typing, RBC samples can be detected by the LR-SPR biosensor through a change in the refractive index. We determined that the results of blood typing using the LR-SPR biosensor are consistent with the results obtained from the agglutination test. We obtained the lowest detection limits of 1.58 × 105 cells/ml for RBC-A and 3.83 × 105 cells/ml for RBC-B, indicating that the LR-SPR chip has a higher sensitivity than conventional SPR biosensors (3.3 × 108 cells/ml). The surface of the biosensor can be efficiently regenerated using 20 mM NaOH. In summary, as the LR-SPR technique is sensitive and has a simple experimental setup, it can easily be applied for ABO blood group typing.
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Kim, Iltai, and Kenneth Kihm. "Nano Sensing and Energy Conversion Using Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR)." Materials 8, no. 7 (July 16, 2015): 4332–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma8074332.

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