Academic literature on the topic 'Spout-fluid bed'
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Journal articles on the topic "Spout-fluid bed"
1
Zhong, Wenqi, Mingyao Zhang, and Baosheng Jin. "Maximum spoutable bed height of spout-fluid bed." Chemical Engineering Journal 124, no. 1-3 (November 2006): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2006.08.021.
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ZHONG, W., Q. LI, M. ZHANG, B. JIN, R. XIAO, Y. HUANG, and A. SHI. "Spout characteristics of a cylindrical spout-fluid bed with elevated pressure." Chemical Engineering Journal 139, no. 1 (May 15, 2008): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2007.07.075.
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Wu, Man, Jingxia Jiang, Cuiping Meng, Xiude Hu, Henglai Xie, Mingzhou Wu, and Qingjie Guo. "Polypropylene Composites Reinforced by Nonmetallic from Waste Printed Circuit Boards Using Spout-Fluid Bed Coating with PP Particles Enhance Fluidization." Polymers 13, no. 18 (September 15, 2021): 3106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13183106.
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Nonmetallic materials recycled from waste printed circuit boards (N-WPCBs) were modified by coating KH-550 in a spout-fluid bed. To improve the effect of the modification, PP particles were used to enhance the fluidization quality of the N-WPCB particles in the coating modification. Then, the modified N-WPCBs were used as fillers to fabricate PP/N-WPCB composites. The method of coating in a spout-fluid bed with PP particles enhanced fluidization and showed the best modification effect compared to other coating methods. The FT-IR and SEM results demonstrated that interfacial bonding between N-WPCBs and PP could be enhanced by modified N-WPCBs, which improved the mechanical properties of the composites. When the mass ratio of PP to N-WPCBs is 100:75 and the dose of KH-550 is 4 phr, the flexural strength, tensile strength, and impact strength of the composites increase by 16.60%, 23.22%, and 23.64%, respectively. This would realize the high-value utilization of N-WPCBs with coating modification in the spout-fluid bed.
4
Povrenovic, Dragan, and Suzana Dimitrijevic-Brankovic. "Drying of biological materials in a spout-fluid bed with a draft tube." Chemical Industry 56, no. 4 (2002): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind0204141p.
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The possibility of applying a spout-fluid bed with a draft tube and conical bottom was investigated for drying fluid media with a certain content of suspended material was investigated. The major goal who to study the drying of biological materials and products of food the industry. Experimental results concerning the fluidmechanical characteristics of a spout-fluid bed with a centrally situated draft tube and the drying characteristics were obtained on a pilot scale unit, 0.250 m in diameter, with a toed consisting of polyethylene particles 3.6 mm mean diameter and 940 kg/m3 density. Within the regime of the fluid mechanical stability, the system could be used for drying biological suspensions with satisfactory results.
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Anabtawi, Mohammed Zohdi, Bekir Zuhtu Uysal, and Rami Yussuf Jumah. "Flow characteristics in a rectangular spout-fluid bed." Powder Technology 69, no. 3 (March 1992): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-5910(92)80011-k.
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de Oliveira Silva, Jessica, Josiane Ribeiro Campos Silva, Lucas Barros de Oliveira, Marcio Yuji Nagamachi, Luiz Fernando de Araujo Ferrão, and Kamila Pereira Cardoso. "Encapsulation of Oxidizers: Efficient Method by Spout-fluid Bed." Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management, no. 1 (January 21, 2020): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5028/jatm.etmq.66.
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In composite solid propellants, the oxidizer in the form of particles is embedded in a polymeric matrix. In general, these oxidizers consist in inorganic salts that are hygroscopic, chemically incompatible or sensitive to friction or impact, so that microencapsulation can be applied as a mean to provide a protective coating layer. This work aims to assess the effectiveness of the spout-fluid bed method to perform microencapsulation of ammonium perchlorate particles with acrylic-based resin. The formed coating integrity was assessed by an optical stereomicroscope for samples with one, two and four layers of coating before and after dissolving the cores in water. The parameters utilized in this method provided a complete and individualized encapsulation with sufficient integrity. Therefore, the spout-fluid bed method proved to be effective, particularly with the application of multiple layers.
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Grbavčić, Ž B., Dž E. Hadžismajlović, R. V. Garić, D. V. Vuković, and H. Littman. "Prediction of the maximum spoutable bed height in spout-fluid beds." Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 69, no. 1 (February 1991): 386–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjce.5450690148.
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Araújo, Bruna Sene Alves, and Kássia Graciele dos Santos. "CFD Simulation of Different Flow Regimes of the Spout Fluidized Bed with Draft Plates." Materials Science Forum 899 (July 2017): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.899.89.
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Spout fluidized bed has shown promising for gas-solid contact operations with and without chemical reactions, such as drying, coating, granulation, gasification, pyrolysis, etc. This is because these beds combine features from both spouted and fluidized beds. The other point is the ability to treat chemical transformations involving both heat and mass transfer in combination with particles of various sizes. Therefore, it is extremely important the knowledge of fluid dynamic of the bed, mainly for scale-up projects, which makes computer simulation an essential tool. Researches using the Computation Fluid Dynamics (CFD) proved to be very effective in predicting of particles dynamic in this type of bed. In Computation Fluid Dynamics, the two phases are treated as interpenetration continuous, and these phases are described by equations of conservation of mass, momentum and energy. The goal of the present work was to simulate using CFD experimental fluid dynamics data of a spout fluidized bed. Eight distinct flow regimes were identified which showed up in good agreement with the regime map presented in literature. The results showed that the technique was efficient for the simulation of the hydrodynamic of the bed presented.
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Zhong, Wenqi, Xiaoping Chen, and Mingyao Zhang. "Hydrodynamic characteristics of spout-fluid bed: Pressure drop and minimum spouting/spout-fluidizing velocity." Chemical Engineering Journal 118, no. 1-2 (May 2006): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2006.01.008.
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Shao, Yingjuan, Xuejiao Liu, Wenqi Zhong, B. S. Jin, and Mingyao Zhang. "Recent Advances of Spout-Fluid Bed: A Review of Fundamentals and Applications." International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering 11, no. 1 (August 24, 2013): 243–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijcre-2013-0065.
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Abstract The spout-fluid bed (SFB) is a very successful synthesis of the spouting and fluidization. The hydrodynamics of SFB are more complex than both fluidized beds and spouted beds. Up-to-date information on the fundamentals and applications of SFBs has been briefly presented, based on the limited work reported, in the new spouted bed book edited by Norman Epstein and John R. Grace (Spouted and spout-fluid beds: fundamentals and applications, 2011). In the past three years, nearly 30 papers have been published in international journals. They reported interesting studies on hydrodynamic characteristics, numerical simulations and new applications of SFBs. This article reviews the major research and development on SFB from the year 2010 and recommends further research topics. This review is intended not only as an important supplement to the SFB chapter of the spouted bed book but also helpful guidance for future research.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Spout-fluid bed"
1
He, Yan-Long. "Spouted bed and spout-fluid bed hydrodynamics in a 0.91 m diameter vessel." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29619.
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Experiments were conducted in a 0.91 m diameter half-cylindrical spouted bed/spout-fiuid bed column equipped with a 60° conical base and semi-circular inlet orifice diameters of 76 to 140 mm. Three particulate solid materials were studied: 3.25 mm polystyrene, 4.72 mm brown beans and 6.71 mm green peas. Beds with static depths of 0.55 to 2.60 m were contacted with air, both in the standard spouted bed and the spout-fluid bed mode.
The dependent hydrodynamic parameters studied included minimum spouting velocity,
maximum spoutable bed height, spout shape and diameter, fountain height, dead zone dimensions, overall bed pressure drop, fluid distribution in the annulus, longitudinal and radial pressure profiles in the annulus, and regime maps for the spout-fluid bed.
Correlations for minimum spouting velocity developed on smaller vessels generally gave poor predictions for the large diameter vessel employed in this work and failed to predict the observed dependence of U[formula omitted]₈ on the static bed height. The empirical correlation
due to McNab (1972) was found to predict the average spout diameter very well for standard spouted beds, while the correlation due to Hadzisdmajlovic et al. (1983) gave a reasonable prediction for spout-fluid beds. Substantial dead zone regions where particles were stagnant were observed in the lower portion of the vessel. The Littman et al. (1977) equation overestimated the maximum spoutable bed height, while the McNab and Bridgwater (1977) equation gave a value which appeared to be far too high. The observed fountains were extremely dilute, and their heights always exceeded the corresponding
static bed heights for the conditions studied. The Epstein and Levine (1978) equation gave good estimates of overall bed pressure drop.
The longitudinal fluid velocity in the annulus was well predicted by the modified Lefroy-Davidson (1969) equation due to Epstein et al. (1978) and was reasonably predicted
by the Mamuro-Hattori (1968) model in the cylindrical portion. However, both equations gave poor predictions in the conical base portion. In the conical base section, the Rovero et al. (1983) equation predicted the correct trend, but consistently overestimated
U[formula omitted] by a considerable margin. Both the Epstein and Levine (1978) equation and the Lefroy and Davidson (1969) equation were found to be in good agreement with the experimental longitudinal pressure profiles. The radial distribution of pressure in the annulus for any bed level was observed to be nearly constant when there was auxiliary flow. A computer model based on the Ergun equation gave useful qualitative predictions of the fluid flow distribution in the annulus.
Four fairly distinct flow regimes were delineated in this work for cases where there were auxiliary air flow: (1) spouting-with-aeration; (2) spout-fluidization; (3) submerged jets, slugs and bubbles in fluidized bed, and (4) packed bed. The minimum total fluid flowrate for spouting-with-aeration always exceeded the minimum spouting flowrate, but was smaller than the minimum fluidization flowrate. The minimum total fluid flowrate for spout-fluidization was found to be equal to the minimum fluidization flowrate.Applied Science, Faculty of
Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of
Graduate
2
El-Naas, Muftah Hassan. "Synthesis of calcium carbide in a plasma spout fluid bed." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40349.
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A new plasma fluid bed process to replace the present electric arc furnace for the production of calcium carbide has been studied. A thermodynamic analysis predicted that the solid phase reaction would be complete at 2150 K and that the plasma process could lower the energy consumption by up to 40%. A semi-batch fluid bed reactor with a DC plasma torch was used for the study. Calcium oxide powder with a mean particle size of 170 $ mu$m was reacted with two types of graphite, coke and methane. Argon was used to initiate the plasma and hydrogen gas was then added to increase the power and raise the plasma jet enthalpy. The hydrogen concentration in the plasma gas ranged From 33 to 67 (vol%).The experimental results showed that the reaction took place in the plasma jet zone and that the conversion to calcium carbide increased linearly with reaction time. The rate of conversion increased exponentially with plasma jet temperature, indicating that chemical reaction was the controlling mechanism. The reaction rate was correlated to the shrinking core, reaction control model $ rm 1-(1-X) sp{1/3}$ = Kt and showed excellent fit for conditions where hydrogen was present in the plasma gas. The apparent activation energy of the reaction was determined to be 377 kJ/mol (90 kcal/mol). Microscopic analysis of the solid product showed that calcium carbide was formed around both reactants. The surface area of the carbon was found to be an essential factor in determining the rate of formation of calcium carbide. Extrapolation of the reaction model and the experimental results indicated that complete conversion can be achieved within a reasonable time in a plasma fluid bed process. Thus, the new process is technically viable and also a more efficient alternative for the production of calcium carbide.
3
Mersereau, Oliver S. (Oliver Smith). "Plasma spout-fluid bed calcination of lac dore vanadium ore concentrate." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59420.
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A laboratory scale plasma spout-fluid bed has been developed to calcine concentrated vanadium ore to extract vanadium in the form of sodium metavanadate. A 20-kW d.c. plasma torch was used with argon and nitrogen as the plasma gases. Air, the main fluidizing gas, permitted the fluidization of the vanadium concentrate within the bed and provided the oxygen for the roasting reaction. In addition, air injected tangentially into the spout region lowered the plasma gas temperatures to within the required roasting temperatures.The bed stability and degree of vanadium recovery were analyzed as a function of bed temperature, time, and concentrate-to-salt ratio. It was shown that heating and reaction in the reactor occur primarily as the particles pass through the plasma spout. If spout temperatures are too high, melting and agglomeration of the particles occurs, leading to defluidization of the bed.
Conversion during batch operation, with sodium carbonate as the salt, was rather unsuccessful due to elutriation of the salt during heat-up. The highest conversions were observed in the fused and agglomerated particles of the bed. Simulated continuous operation of the bed however resulted in significantly higher conversion rates.
4
Ye, Bogang. "Combustion performance and high temperature hydrodynamics in a spouted and spout-fluid bed." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28530.
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Combustion of Minto coal, a sub-bituminous eastern coal which is highly agglomerating and has a high sulphur content, was carried out in a 0.15 m internal diameter half-column spout-fluid bed combustor in inert beds of sand, with limestone addition for sulphur capture. The average bed temperature ranged from 800 to 900°C, flue gas oxygen level was 2.5 to 11.0%, auxiliary to total air was 0 to 0.50, and Ca/S molar ratio was 2.5. High vale coal was employed in hydrodynamic runs.
Aspects studied included combustion efficiency, sulphur capture efficiency, axial and radial temperature profiles, axial O₂ and CO₂ concentration profiles, axial SO₂ concentration
profiles, minimum spouting velocity, spouting stability, and maximum spoutable bed height.
The principal problem encountered with Minto coal in this equipment was agglomeration
during the heat-up period. A spout-fluid bed has proved to be great favourable for handling agglomerating coal relative to the standard spouted bed. When limestone was used as bed material, less sintering was encountered. However, limestone could not stand up to spouting for prolonged periods because of excessive attrition.
Combustion efficiencies were found to be higher than 80% in the temperature range of 800 to 900°C without solid fines recycle. An increase of temperature between 800°C and 840°C was beneficial for combustion efficiency, while a further increase up to 885°C did not seem to have a significant effect on combustion efficiency. Increase of auxiliary/total air ratio was favourable to combustion efficiency at elevated temperatures.
Sulphur capture efficiency passed through a maximum with increasing temperature between 800°C and 900°C The maximum value was obtained at around 830°C. NOx emission increased linearly with increasing flue gas oxygen level.
No abrupt temperature increase above the bed surface was observed in both spouted and spout-fluid beds investigated in the present study. Temperature may increase above the bed surface for low excess oxygen runs in view of the substantial amount of combustion found to occur in the freeboard. Temperatures were more uniform after the introduction of auxiliary air.
Most oxygen was consumed below the bed surface. Axial profiles showed a significant
SO₂ jump in the spout over the bed height. Combustion and sulphation could be considered to occur in two main stages: (1) Combustion of carbon, at the same time as most of the sulphur is released. (2) Sulphation of the sorbent.
The Mathur and Gishler (1955) and Wu et al. (1987) equations gave poor agreement with the minimum spouting velocity, Ums, over the entire range of temperature. For large particles Ums tended to increase with increasing temperature, while for small particles it decreased with increasing temperature. Gas viscosity should be taken into consideration
for predicting Ums. A considerably greater effect of auxiliary to total air ratio, q/Qt, on total minimum spouting velocity was found at elevated temperatures than at room temperature. At the maximum spoutable bed height, the value of Um/Umf was found to decrease with increasing temperature and to be smaller than unity at elevated temperatures.
The McNab and Bridgwater (1977) expression correctly predicted the observed trends of Hm and worked reasonably well at high temperatures, although it was found to over-predict Hm at lower temperatures. Hm decreased with increasing temperature for all particle sizes, with a faster decrease for smaller particles. Fluidization in the annulus was never observed as the termination mechanism of spouting at high temperatures.Applied Science, Faculty of
Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of
Graduate
5
Qureshi, Afzal E. "Solids mixing and segregation in a gas spout-fluid bed: effect of the distributor design." Thesis, Aston University, 1990. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/9814/.
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This work is concerned with the assessment of a newer version of the spout-fluid bed where the gas is supplied from a common plenum and the distributor controls the operational phenomenon. Thus the main body of the work deals with the effect of the distributor design on the mixing and segregation of solids in a spout-filled bed. The effect of distributor design in the conventional fluidised bed and of variation of the gas inlet diameter in a spouted bed were also briefly investigated for purpose of comparison. Large particles were selected for study because they are becoming increasingly important in industrial fluidised beds but have not been thoroughly investigated. The mean particle diameters of the fraction ranged from 550 to 2400 mm, and their specific gravity from 0.97 to 2.45. Only work carried out with binary systems is reported here. The effect of air velocity, particle properties, bed height, the relative amount of jetsam and flotsam and initial conditions on the steady-state concentration profiles were assessed with selected distributors. The work is divided into three sections. Sections I and II deal with the fluidised bed and spouted bed systems. Section III covers the development of the spout-filled bed and its behaviour with reference to distributor design and it is shown how benefits of both spouting and fluidising phenomena can be exploited. In the fluidisation zone, better mixing is achieved by distributors which produce a large initial bubble diameter. Some common features exist between the behaviour of unidensity jetsam-rich systems and different density flotsam-rich systems. The shape factor does not seem to have an affect as long as it is only restricted to the minor component. However, in the case of the major component, particle shape significantly affects the final results. Studies of aspect ratio showed that there is a maximum (1.5) above which slugging occurs and the effect of the distributor design is nullified. A mixing number was developed for unidensity spherical rich systems, which proved to be extremely useful in quantifying the variation in mixing and segregation with changes in distributor design.
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Zhao, Jiansheng. "Coal combustion in spouted and spout-fluid beds." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26347.
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This study of coal combustion was carried out in a half-column spout-fluid bed combustor, in which Forestberg coal, a sub-bituminous Alberta coal, was burned in inert beds of sand. The combustor consists of a half cylindrical stainless steel column of 0.152 m I. D. and 1.06 m long, a half cylindrical cone fitted with an inlet orifice of 15.9 mm and a perforated plate as distributor surrounded by a plenum chamber, and a flat stainless steel panel with quartz glass windows.
Aspects studied included hydrodynamic and combustion patterns, axial and radial temperature profiles, axial oxygen concentration profiles and burnout times of coal particles.
Depending on operating conditions and properties of bed materials, four different flow patterns were established: Stable spouting, pulsatory spouting, jet-in-fluidized-bed and slugging. It was found that the maximum stable spouting height decreased as the bed temperature increased.
Axial temperature profiles in the spout and annulus were found to be uniform for both spouted and spout-fluid beds except for a short distance above the inlet orifice. However, a temperature increase was found in the fountain above the spout when finer coal particles were employed. Above the annulus the temperatures increased substantially. More uniform axial temperature profiles could be achieved by introducing auxiliary air to create a spout-fluid bed. Radial temperature profiles were uniform both in the annulus and in the fountain region.
Axial oxygen concentration profiles were found to be closely related to the flow patterns and solids properties. When larger coal particles (1mm) were used the oxygen concentration profiles were uniform within and above the spout, but a decrease of concentration was observed when fine coal particles (0.6 mm) were used. In the annulus a sharp decline of concentration started near the bed surface, and a minimum was reached in the fountain region. Concentration profiles became more uniform when auxiliary air was introduced.
Compared with data reported in literature for fluidized bed combustion, the burnout times of coal particles in spouted and spout-fluid beds were found to be significantly shorter. A model for estimating the burnout times was proposed and tested against the experimental data. For the particle size and temperature range tested, the combustion was mainly controlled by chemical reaction.Applied Science, Faculty of
Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of
Graduate
7
Pianarosa, Denis Lorenzo. "Hydrodynamic studies of spouted and spout-fluid beds." Thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/5696.
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Hydrodynamic experiments were conducted in a three-dimensional spout-fluid bed
with a specially designed conical distributor to supply the auxiliary air. The vessel used
was a cylindrical column, 0.15 m in diameter and 1.05 m high fitted with an inlet orifice
plate with a diameter of 19.1 mm. Glass beads of three different mean diameters, 1.33,
1.84 and 2.53 mm, were used as bed materials. Previously developed techniques
employing optical fibre sensors and instruments were used to measure local time-averaged
voidage and particle velocity.
Radial profiles of local voidage inside the bed were obtained for various ratios of
auxiliary air flow to total air flow (Q^/QT) to the column. Increasing the proportion of
auxiliary flow at constant total flow resulted in a significant decrease in spout voidage,
while little or no influence was observed in the annulus. Voidage in the annulus varied
significantly from the bottom to the top of the bed. In the conical section, local voidages
were consistently lower than the loose-packed voidage and consistently higher than the
loose-packed voidage in the cylindrical section. The low voidage in the conical section
suggests that particles are being compacted in this region. Cross-sectional average
voidages in the spout decreased monotonically with height and were lower for a higher
proportion of auxiliary flow but independent of particle size. Spout diameter was
unaffected by the proportion of auxiliary air being supplied to the column, supporting the
findings of Sutanto (1983). Both the McNab (1972) and Wu (1986) equations were found
to under-predict average spout diameters by as much as 28%.
In general, particle velocity decreased with increasing proportion of auxiliary flow.
However, the effect was more pronounced in the spout than in the annulus. Solids mass
flow rates decreased with increasing proportion of auxiliary flow. The observed increase in solids mass flow rates with particle size is most likely due to the higher gas velocities
required for spouting.
The integrated upward solids flow in the spout was consistently higher than the
corresponding downward solids flow in the annulus. The discrepancy can be attributed to
inherent inaccuracies in the measurement techniques and instruments used as well as
physical phenomena which could not be entirely eliminated.
Pressure gradients in the annulus increased with an increasing proportion of
auxiliary gas, as expected. The effect of auxiliary air was greater at the bottom of the
bed, and the profiles converged towards a maximum value at the top of the bed. In
addition, discontinuities in the profiles were observed near the cone-cylinder junction.
Superficial gas velocities in the annulus were obtained by combining the pressure gradients
with measured local voidage in an equation of the form of the Ergun (1952) equation for
fluid flow through a packed bed. The results were not entirely consistent, most likely due
to the sensitivity of the calculation to voidage measurements which had considerable
scatter.
Books on the topic "Spout-fluid bed"
1
Epstein, Norman. Spouted and spout-fluid beds: Fundamentals and applications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.
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2
Qureshi, Afzal Elahi. Solids mixing and segregation in a gas spout-fluid bed: Effect of the distributor design. Birmingham: Aston University. Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, 1990.
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3
Epstein, Norman, and John R. Grace, eds. Spouted and Spout-Fluid Beds. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511777936.
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Grace, John R., and Norman Epstein. Spouted and Spout-Fluid Beds: Fundamentals and Applications. Cambridge University Press, 2010.
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Grace, John R., and Norman Epstein. Spouted and Spout-Fluid Beds: Fundamentals and Applications. Cambridge University Press, 2010.
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6
Grace, John R., and Norman Epstein. Spouted and Spout-Fluid Beds: Fundamentals and Applications. Cambridge University Press, 2011.
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Grace, John R., and Norman Epstein. Spouted and Spout-Fluid Beds: Fundamentals and Applications. Cambridge University Press, 2010.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Spout-fluid bed"
1
"Mixing of Binary Mixture in a Spout-Fluid Bed." In Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, 223–34. Apple Academic Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b18402-25.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Spout-fluid bed"
1
Zhong, Wenqi, and Mingyao Zhang. "Experimental Investigation of Flow Characteristics in a Spout-Fluid Bed." In 18th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2005-78010.
Full textAbstract:
Pressure fluctuation time series were obtained at various bed locations in a spout-fluid bed with its dimension of 300mm × 30mm × 2000mm. Power spectrum and Shannon entropy analyses of pressure fluctuations were developed to characterize the flow characteristics. A multi-channel pressure sampling system was established and a high-resolution digital camera was used to record the flow patterns. The effects of two important operating parameters, i.e. spouting gas velocity and fluidizing gas flow rate on the power spectrum major frequency and Shannon entropy were tested. Shannon entropies of different flow patterns were found to have different characteristics, thus Shannon entropy was developed to identify the flow patterns. The results show that power spectrum and Shannon entropy analyses are two helpful ways to realize the complex gas-solid flow characteristics in spout-fluid beds.
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Rui, Xiao, Baosheng Jin, Yunquan Xiong, Yufeng Duan, Zhaoping Zhong, Xiaoping Chen, Yaji Huang, Hongcang Zhou, and Mingyao Zhang. "Coal Gasification Characteristics in a 2MWth Second-Generation PFB Gasifier." In 18th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2005-78008.
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Coal gasification process and equipment feasibility research were carried out in a 2 MW thermal input pressurized spout-fluid bed pilot-scale gasifier and a long-time-run test was performed to study the effects of operating parameters on coal partial gasification behaviors. The test results have demonstrated the feasibility of the gasifier to provide suitable fuel gas and residual char for downstream system of 2G PFBC-CC. The concentration of methane decreased at higher gasification temperature due to the secondary cracking of methane while the carbon conversion increased, and the concentration of hydrogen increased with an increase of steam flow rate. The main experimental results were compared with those of pilot-scale facilities in the world.