Journal articles on the topic 'Spousal matching'
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Cutrona, Carolyn E., Philip A. Shaffer, Kristin A. Wesner, and Kelli A. Gardner. "Optimally matching support and perceived spousal sensitivity." Journal of Family Psychology 21, no. 4 (2007): 754–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0893-3200.21.4.754.
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Liu, Ruotong, Iris Chi, and Shinyi Wu. "IMPACTS OF CAREGIVING ON WELL-BEING AMONG SPOUSAL CAREGIVERS TO OLDER ADULTS USING COARSENED EXACT MATCHING." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 696. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.2550.
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Abstract Spousal caregivers to older adults may be at increased risks of negative health outcomes because they are also dealing with their own aging and health issues. Estimating the impacts of caregiving without controlling for caregivers’ own aging and aging-related health decline could exaggerate the negative health consequences of caregiving, whereas focusing on caregivers only could face the risk of selection bias where healthier individuals enter and/or remain in caregiving. In this study, we used coarsened exact matching to compare outcomes in wellbeing between spousal caregivers and spousal non-caregivers. Pooled panel data from Wave 8 to Wave 13 in the Health and Retirement Study was utilized with two consecutive waves of data for each spousal caregiver. The sample included 203,162 person-wave observations from 5,162 unique individuals, among whom 3,577 were spousal caregivers. Variables used for matching were classified into three categories: care obligations, the willingness to provide care, and the ability to provide care. Outcome of interest was depressive symptoms measured by CES-D 8. A total of 2,741 (81.01%) spousal caregivers were matched with 18,043 observations of spousal non-caregivers. Regression analysis indicated that being a spousal caregiver was statistically significantly associated with a 0.27 unit increase in depressive symptoms in the subsequent wave, after controlling for other potentially confounding variables such as caregiver’s race/ethnicity, length of current marriage, etc. Our results highlighted the elevated needs to address mental health among spousal caregivers, and indicated that long-term care program and policy should take into consideration the mental health among spousal caregivers.
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McGeary, Kerry Anne. "Spousal Effects in Smoking Cessation: Matching, Learning, or Bargaining?" Eastern Economic Journal 41, no. 1 (September 9, 2013): 40–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/eej.2013.34.
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Drewianka, Scott. "Estimating Social Effects in Matching Markets: Externalities in Spousal Search." Review of Economics and Statistics 85, no. 2 (May 2003): 409–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/003465303765299909.
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Ignjatovic, Ljiljana, Dragan Jovanovic, Goran Kronja, Aleksandar Dujic, Mihailo Maric, Dragan Ignjatovic, Rajko Hrvacevic, et al. "Living unrelated donor kidney transplantation: A fourteen-year experience." Vojnosanitetski pregled 67, no. 12 (2010): 998–1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp1012998i.
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Background. In countries without a national organization for retrieval and distribution of organs of the deceased donors, problem of organ shortage is still not resolved. In order to increase the number of kidney transplantations we started with the program of living unrelated - spousal donors. The aim of this study was to compare treatment outcome and renal graft function in patients receiving the graft from spousal and those receiving ghe graft from living related donors. Method. We retrospectively identified 14 patients who received renal allograft from spousal donors between 1996 and 2009 (group I). The control group consisted of 14 patients who got graft from related donor retrieved from the database and matched than with respect to sex, age, kidney disease, immunological and viral pretransplant status, the initial method of the end stage renal disease treatment and ABO compatibility. In the follow-up period of 41 ? 38 months we recorded immunosuppressive therapy, surgical complications, episodes of acute rejection, CMV infection and graft function, assessed by serum creatinine levels at the beginning and in the end of the follow-up period. All patients had pretransplant negative cross-match. In ABO incompatible patients pretransplant isoagglutinine titer was zero. Results. The patients with a spousal donor had worse HLA matching. There were no significant differences between the groups in surgical, infective, immunological complications and graft function. Two patients from the group I returned to hemodialysis after 82 and 22 months due to serious comorbidities. Conclusion. In spite of the worse HLA matching, graft survival and function of renal grafts from spousal donors were as good as those retrieved from related donors.
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Cherchye, Laurens, Bram De Rock, Khushboo Surana, and Frederic Vermeulen. "Marital Matching, Economies of Scale, and Intrahousehold Allocations." Review of Economics and Statistics 102, no. 4 (October 2020): 823–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/rest_a_00829.
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We propose a novel nonparametric method to empirically identify economies of scale in multiperson household consumption. We assume consumption technologies that define the public and private nature of expenditures through Barten scales. Our method (solely) exploits preference information revealed by a cross-section of household observations while accounting for fully unobserved preference heterogeneity. An application to data drawn from the US Panel Study of Income Dynamics shows that the method yields informative results on scale economies and intrahousehold allocation patterns. In addition, it allows us to define individual compensation schemes required to preserve the same consumption level in case of marriage dissolution or spousal death.
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Guad, Rhanye Mac, Kok Peng Ng, Soo Kun Lim, Kenji Hirayama, Hooi Sian Eng, and Wan Ahmad Hafiz Wan Md Adnan. "Renal Transplant Outcomes in Spousal and Living-Related Donors in Malaysia." Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 48, no. 12 (December 15, 2019): 403–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v48n12p403.
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Introduction: Studies have shown that a compatible human leukocyte antigen (HLA) match can confer a favourable effect on graft outcomes. We examined the outcomes of HLA matching in renal transplant donors in Malaysia. Materials and Methods: A total of 140 patients who had compatible ABO blood type with negative T-cell lymphocytotoxicity crossmatch were included in the study and 25% of them were spousal transplant donors. No remarkable differences in acute rejection rate, graft survival, patient survival and serum creatinine level were observed between the spousal and living-related donor groups. Results: The spousal donor group had a higher degree of HLA mismatch than the living-related donor group. HLA-A mismatch was associated with increased rejection risk at 6 months (odds ratio [OR], 2.75; P = 0.04), 1 year (OR, 2.54; P = 0.03) and 3 years (OR, 3.69; P = 0.001). It was also observed in the deleterious effects of HLA-B and HLA-DQ loci when the number of antigen mismatches increased. The risk was 7 times higher in patients with ≥1 mismatch at HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-DR loci than those who did not have a mismatch at these loci at 6 months (P = 0.01), 1 year (P = 0.03) and 3 years (P = 0.003). Conclusion: A good match for HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-DR and HLA-DQ can prevent acute rejection risk in renal transplant patients. Consequently, spousal donor transplants could be a safe intervention in renal patients. Key words: Graft survival, Human leukocyte antigen incompatibility, Immunosuppressant, Patient survival
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Kong, Dexia, and Peiyi Lu. "INSOMNIA SYMPTOM TRAJECTORIES OF SPOUSE CAREGIVERS OF OLDER ADULTS WITH FUNCTIONAL LIMITATIONS." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 872. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.3114.
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Abstract Background Studies have suggested older spouse caregivers experience burden-related adverse health outcomes compared to non-caregivers. However, potential causal inferences remain unclear. This study examined the effect of caregiving on insomnia symptoms of spouse caregivers over time, compared to non-caregiver samples matched by propensity score (PS). Methods Longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study from 2006 to 2018 were used. Caregivers (Nf403) were respondents (aged 50+) who assisted their heterosexual spouses in performing (instrumental) activities of daily living at baseline. PS-matching was used to match non-caregivers based on sociodemographic, household, and health-related characteristics. Symptoms of insomnia were evaluated every four years for both groups. The link between caregiver status and number/severity of insomnia symptoms over time was assessed using a Poisson mixed-effects model. Results The propensity-matched sample achieved a satisfactory covariate balance. There was no statistically significant difference between caregivers and non-caregivers in the number of insomnia symptoms at baseline (β_caregiver=0.092, 95% CI = -0.017, 0.201). However, caregivers reported a slower increase in insomnia symptoms compared to non-caregivers (β_caregiver×time = -0.012, 95% CI = -0.021, -0.003). Results were cross-validated in modelling the severity of insomnia symptoms. Conclusion There is weak evidence that a spouse’s role as a caregiver may be beneficial for his/her sleep health over time. The negative effects of caring on older individuals’ sleep may vary depending on the caregiving context. The potential health benefits of informal spousal caring and their underlying mechanisms warrant further investigations.
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Park, H., H. Jun, and S. Joo. "THE EFFECT OF GRANDCHILD CARE ON SPOUSAL RELATIONSHIP SATISFACTION OF GRANDPARENTS: A COARSENED EXACT MATCHING." Innovation in Aging 2, suppl_1 (November 1, 2018): 295–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igy023.1089.
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Choi, Sekyu, and Arnau Valladares-Esteban. "On households and unemployment insurance." Quantitative Economics 11, no. 1 (2020): 437–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/qe865.
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We study unemployment insurance in a framework where the main source of heterogeneity among agents is the type of household they live in: some agents live alone while others live with their spouses as a family. Our exercise is motivated by the fact that married individuals can rely on spousal income to smooth labor market shocks, while singles cannot. We extend a version of the standard incomplete‐markets model to include two‐agent households and calibrate it to the US economy with special emphasis on matching differences in labor market transitions across gender and marital status as well as aggregate wealth moments. Our central finding is that changes to the current unemployment insurance program are valued differently by married and single households. In particular, a more generous unemployment insurance reduces the welfare of married households significantly more than that of singles and vice versa. We show that this result is driven by the amount of self‐insurance existing in married households, and thus, we highlight the interplay between self‐ and government‐provided insurance and its implication for policy.
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Bjerk, David. "Beauty vs. earnings: Gender differences in earnings and priorities over spousal characteristics in a matching model." Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 69, no. 3 (March 2009): 248–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2008.10.008.
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Markowski, Kelly L., and Richard T. Serpe. "Prominence–Salience Combinations and Self-Esteem: Do Magnitude and Congruity Matter?" Social Psychology Quarterly 84, no. 4 (October 20, 2021): 353–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/01902725211049788.
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Identity theory research shows that prominence, or identity importance, positively predicts salience or likely identity enactment. Sometimes the association is strong, indicating close matches in magnitude, whereas other times, it is weak, indicating mismatches in magnitude. We build on this work by exploring prominence–salience combinations, paying attention to how congruity and magnitude relate to role-specific self-esteem. We test two competing arguments: cognitive consistency—matches are good, mismatches are bad—and uncertainty reduction—high and low scores are clearly defined and good, medium scores are ambiguous and bad. Using data from 1,899 participants with parent (or no children) and spousal (or single) identities, results favor uncertainty reduction: matching medium prominence–salience scores are worse for self-esteem than other matching scores and often even mismatching scores. This work is important because it considers the felt and lived components of identity, advancing understanding of how identity experiences relate to well-being.
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Cho, Jinmyoung, Donald Smith, and Alan Stevens. "Caregiver’s Relationship Type and Race/Ethnic Group Comparisons in a Community-based Caregiver Support Program." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 915–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.3364.
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Abstract In the past decades, a number of evidence-based interventions has been implemented to improve caregiver outcomes; however, limited attention to specific subgroups (e.g., racial/ethnic groups) still exists in dementia caregiver support interventions in community settings. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of caregiver’s race/ethnicity and relationship type to the care-recipient on the quality of life among caregivers. This study included 354 informal caregivers enrolled in REACH-TX, a community-based caregiver program, provided by the Alzheimer’s Association North Central Texas Chapter’s from November 2011 to June 2019. Propensity score matching extracted a subset of participants who enrolled in REACH-TX to balance caregivers from three race/ethnic groups (White: 171; African American: 103; Hispanic: 80). Five dimensions of quality of life (depression, caregiving burden, social support, self-care, and problem behaviors) were assessed at baseline and 6-month follow-up among spousal and adult-child caregivers by race/ethnic group. Generalized linear models showed that significant improvement on the five domains of quality of life among White child caregivers, whereas neither spousal nor child caregivers in African American group showed improvement on any domains after adjusting covariates (age, gender, risk levels, number of therapeutic contacts), These findings indicate that the responses to intervention components vary by race/ethnic group and relationship type. Advancing tailored dementia caregiver interventions to specific subgroup needs and unique context, especially for non-White caregivers, is needed to maximize the benefit of community resources and support for diverse caregivers.
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Petersson, Joakim, Susanne Strand, and Heidi Selenius. "Risk Factors for Intimate Partner Violence: A Comparison of Antisocial and Family-Only Perpetrators." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 34, no. 2 (March 27, 2016): 219–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260516640547.
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Subtyping male perpetrators of intimate partner violence (IPV) based on their generality of violence could facilitate the difficult task of matching perpetrator subtype with efficient risk management strategies. As such, the aim of the present study was to compare antisocial and family-only male perpetrators of interpersonal violence in terms of (a) demographic and legal characteristics, (b) risk factors for violence, and (c) assessed risk and the importance of specific risk factors for violence. A quantitative design was used in this retrospective register study on data obtained from the Swedish police. Risk assessments performed with the Swedish version of the Brief Spousal Assault Form for the Evaluation of Risk (B-SAFER) and police registers were used. A sample of 657 male alleged IPV perpetrators were classified as antisocial ( n = 341) or family-only ( n = 316) based on their generality of violence. The results showed that the antisocial perpetrators were significantly younger, as well as more psychologically abusive. Antisocial perpetrators also had significantly more present risk factors for IPV, and were assessed with a significantly higher risk for acute and severe or deadly IPV, compared with the family-only perpetrators. The subtypes also evidenced unique risk factors with a significant impact on elevated risk for acute and severe or deadly such violence. Key findings in the present study concerned the subtypes evidencing unique risk factors increasing the risk for acute and severe or deadly IPV. Major implications of this study include the findings of such unique “red flag” risk factors for each subtype. To prevent future IPV, it is vital for the risk assessor to be aware of these red flags when making decisions about risk, as well as risk management strategies.
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Wang, Jong-Yi, Yia-Wen Liang, Chun-Chen Yeh, Chiu-Shong Liu, and Chen-Yu Wang. "Time-dependent risks of cancer clustering among couples: a nationwide population-based cohort study in Taiwan." BMJ Open 8, no. 2 (February 2018): e018968. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018968.
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ObjectivesSpousal clustering of cancer warrants attention. Whether the common environment or high-age vulnerability determines cancer clustering is unclear. The risk of clustering in couples versus non-couples is undetermined. The time to cancer clustering after the first cancer diagnosis is yet to be reported. This study investigated cancer clustering over time among couples by using nationwide data.MethodsA cohort of 5643 married couples in the 2002–2013 Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database was identified and randomly matched with 5643 non-couple pairs through dual propensity score matching. Factors associated with clustering (both spouses with tumours) were analysed by using the Cox proportional hazard model.ResultsPropensity-matched analysis revealed that the risk of clustering of all tumours among couples (13.70%) was significantly higher than that among non-couples (11.84%) (OR=1.182, 95% CI 1.058 to 1.321, P=0.0031). The median time to clustering of all tumours and of malignant tumours was 2.92 and 2.32 years, respectively. Risk characteristics associated with clustering included high age and comorbidity.ConclusionsShared environmental factors among spouses might be linked to a high incidence of cancer clustering. Cancer incidence in one spouse may signal cancer vulnerability in the other spouse. Promoting family-oriented cancer care in vulnerable families and preventing shared lifestyle risk factors for cancer are suggested.
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Hong, Ickpyo, Areum Han, Timothy A. Reistetter, and Annie N. Simpson. "The risk of stroke in spouses of people living with dementia in Korea." International Journal of Stroke 12, no. 8 (November 2, 2016): 851–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747493016677987.
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Background and purpose As the Korean population ages, the number of patients with dementia is expected to increase. Although prior studies have reported that the burdens associated with caregiving impact the health of spouses of individuals with dementia, it is unclear whether those spouses have increased risk of stroke. We examined the relationship between the risks of stroke among spouses of people with dementia (SPD). Methods We retrieved a total of 314,526 respondents from the population-based surveys of the 2012 and 2013 Korea Community Health Survey. We used unmatched and matched samples (1:1 Greedy matching) to examine the risk of stroke for SPD using logistic regression models. Results A total of 3868 spouses (1.2% of the Korean population) lived with a patient with dementia in 2012 and 2013. After we matched samples of those who live with a patient with dementia and those who do not, all baseline demographics were balanced ( p > 0.05), including sex, age, income, education, insurance, smoking, drinking, stress level. The spouses who lived with a patient with dementia had a higher risk of stroke than those who lived with non-dementia spouse in both the unmatched (adjusted odds ratios (AOR), 1.70; 95%CI, 1.47–1.96) and matched samples (AOR, 1.69; 95%CI, 1.35–2.10) after controlling for stroke risk factors, including demographics and nine chronic conditions. Conclusions Living with a patient with dementia is associated with a 69% increased odds of stroke in the matched sample. Spouses of individuals with dementia should be closely monitored and educated for risk factors of stroke.
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Chiappori, Pierre-André, Sonia Oreffice, and Climent Quintana-Domeque. "BLACK–WHITE MARITAL MATCHING: RACE, ANTHROPOMETRICS, AND SOCIOECONOMICS." Journal of Demographic Economics 82, no. 4 (November 14, 2016): 399–421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dem.2016.20.
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Abstract:We analyze the interaction of black–white race with physical and socioeconomic characteristics in the US marriage market, using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. We estimatewho inter-racially marries whomalong anthropometric and socioeconomic characteristics dimensions. The black women who inter-marry are the thinner and more educated in their group; instead, white women are the fatter and less educated; black or white men who inter-marry are poorer and thinner. While women in “mixed” couples find a spouse who is poorer but thinner than if they intra-married, black men match with a white woman who is more educated than if they intra-married, and a white man finds a thinner spouse in a black woman. Our general findings are consistent with the “social status exchange” hypothesis, but the finding that black men who marry white women tend to be poorer than black men who marry black women isnot.
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Nakosteen, Robert A., Olle Westerlund, and Michael A. Zimmer. "Health-related disabilities and matching of spouses: Analysis of Swedish population data." Journal of Population Economics 18, no. 3 (September 2005): 491–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00148-005-0231-8.
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Emiroğlu, R., MC Yağmurdur, H. Karakayalı, G. Moray, G. Arslan, N. Bilgin, and M. Haberal. "EFFECT OF HLA MATCHING AND DONOR-RECIPIENT BODY WEIGHT RATIO WITH TRANSPLANTS FROM SPOUSES." Tissue Antigens 60, no. 6 (December 2002): 557. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-0039.2002.00024.x.
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Åström, Johanna, Robert A. Nakosteen, Olle Westerlund, and Michael A. Zimmer. "Twice chosen: Spouse matching and earnings among women in first and second unions." Social Science Journal 50, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 277–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soscij.2013.05.004.
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Reid, Kenneth G. C. "Mixing without Matching: Fractions, Slabs, and the Succession Rights of the Surviving Spouse and Children." Edinburgh Law Review 24, no. 1 (January 2020): 118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/elr.2020.0608.
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Zimmermann, Tanja. "Intimate Relationships Affected by Breast Cancer: Interventions for Couples." Breast Care 10, no. 2 (2015): 102–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000381966.
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A cancer diagnosis imposes significant emotional distress on a substantial proportion of patients and their partners, posing many challenges for both members of a couple. Facing a breast cancer diagnosis, couples may experience psychosocial distress, which might also affect their individual and dyadic functioning. Coping with cancer from a couple-based perspective as a dyadic stressor can profoundly influence psychosocial adjustment as well as individual and dyadic functioning of patients and spouses. Dyadic coping allows a better matching of needs, sharing of worries, and mutual support, resulting in higher relationship satisfaction. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of the issues faced by women diagnosed with breast cancer and their spouses, with particular emphasis on interventions for couples coping with cancer. The effectiveness of couple-based interventions is summarized with a critical discussion. For further research, a better understanding of the challenges couples coping with cancer may face and more insights on how to improve interventions for couples might facilitate improvements in the quality of cancer care.
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Jeng, Long-Bin, Ashok Thorat, Horng-Ren Yang, Chun-Chieh Yeh, Te-Hung Chen, and Shih-Chao Hsu. "Results after spouse donations in living-donor liver transplantation: Does HLA matching impact long-term survival?" Surgery 160, no. 1 (July 2016): 251–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surg.2016.02.016.
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Brixner, D., C. McAdam-Marx, D. Perlman, and J. Van Den Bos. "PND8 APPROACH TO MATCHING ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE PATIENTS AND THEIR SPOUSES TO ASSESS CAREGIVER BURDEN IN AN ADMINISTRATIVE CLAIMS DATABASE." Value in Health 13, no. 3 (May 2010): A138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1098-3015(10)72670-x.
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Farahzadi, Shadi, and Mohammad Rahmati. "Female labor participation in Iran: a structural model estimation." Journal of Economic Studies 47, no. 1 (February 29, 2020): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jes-10-2017-0276.
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PurposeThe purpose of this study is to determine why female labor force participation in Iran has been less than 20 percent.Design/methodology/approachThe authors estimate a structural dynamic matching model of female participation using individual panel data in Iran. The study incorporates many factors such as wage, child cost, education, spouse employment and job market search parameters.FindingsThe study finds that gender discrimination in job finding has the biggest effect in reducing the rate of women's participation. If all market differences disappear, the female participation rate will increase by 12 percentage points to almost 27 percent, which is still much lower than that of developed countries with the average of 60 percent.Originality/valueThis study provides the first structural search model using a developing country's microdata to study female labor participation.
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Girard, Lisa-Christine, and Chamarrita Farkas. "Breastfeeding and behavioural problems: Propensity score matching with a national cohort of infants in Chile." BMJ Open 9, no. 2 (February 2019): e025058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025058.
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ImportancePotential effects of breast feeding on children’s behaviour remains an elusive debate given inherent methodological challenges. Propensity score matching affords benefits by ensuring greater equivalence on observable social and health determinants, helping to reduce bias between groups.ObjectivesWe examined whether the duration of breast feeding had an impact on children’s externalising and internalising behaviours.Study designA cohort study (Encuesta Longitudinal de la Primera Infancia cohort) that included 3037 Chilean families who were enrolled in 2010. Follow-up data was collected in 2012.SettingGeneral community.ParticipantsPopulation-based sample. Eligibility criteria: children born full-term with complete data on matching variables. Matching variables included: healthcare system as a proxy of income, presence of a partner/spouse in the household, maternal age, educational level, IQ, working status, type of work, diagnosis of prenatal depression by a healthcare professional, smoking during pregnancy, delivery type, child sex, weight at birth, incubation following delivery, and child age.ExposureDuration of breast feeding.Main outcomes and measuresExternalising and internalising problems assessed using the Child Behaviour Checklist.ResultsMatched results revealed benefits of any breast feeding, up to 6 months, on emotional reactivity and somatic complaints (mean difference of −1.00, 95% CI, −1.84 to −0.16 and −1.02, 95% CI, −1.76 to −0.28, respectively). Children breast fed between 7 and 12 months also had reduced scores on emotional reactivity, in addition to attention problems (mean difference of −0.86, 95% CI, −1.66 to −0.06 and −0.50, 95% CI, −0.93 to −0.07, respectively). No benefits were observed for children breast fed 13 months or more.ConclusionReduced internalising difficulties and inattention were found in children breast fed up to a year, suggesting that breast feeding may have beneficial impacts on these areas of development. The magnitude of effect was modest. Extended durations of breast feeding did not appear to offer any benefits.
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Iveniuk, James, and Riddhi Gupta. "MARITAL SEQUENCING ACROSS THE LIFE COURSE: RACE AND COHORT INTERSECTIONS." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 137–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.547.
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Abstract In this paper, we undertake an analysis of marital/cohabitation sequences over a person’s entire life course, examining intersections between race and cohort. We draw upon data from a nationally representative survey of older Americans (collected in 2005/2006; N=3005). Using optimal matching and cluster analysis, we find three clusters: those who have been without a partner for many years (10%), those who recently lost a spouse (27%), and those who are still married (62%). All three clusters tended to marry young; only 2% never married or cohabited. Non-Hispanic Black respondents were far less likely than Non-Hispanic White respondents to be in the still-married cluster. The oldest Hispanic respondents were also more likely to be in the recently-unpartnered cluster, compared to younger Hispanic respondents. Cluster membership was also associated with being married ten years later (2015/2016; 1535 retained), with the longstanding-unpartnered cluster less likely to be married, compared to the recently-unpartnered cluster.
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Blesic, Ivana, Татjana Pivac, Sanja Bozic, and Bojana Kalenjuk. "Job and family life of the women employedin the tourism of Vojvodina - conflicts and advantages." Zbornik Matice srpske za drustvene nauke, no. 167 (2018): 395–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn1867395b.
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Work and family are the two most important aspects of a woman?s life. The problem of mismatch between work and family intensifies and culminates in modern families in which both spouses are equally absent from the family. The employment of both spouses affects family life by preventing the fulfillment of family roles and obligations in the way that it had functioned before the massive participation of women in the labour market began. Increased interest in this issue started with the massive employment of women. Women become financially more independent than their husbands, have less time for family responsibilities, seek greater equality in decision-making, leading to increased opportunities to report conflicts of family and business roles, as job matching requirements and family activities are higher. When a conflict arises, it also affects the organization and the individual. Numerous studies have found that a person experiencing a conflict of working and family life will experience an increase in health risk, a reduction in work and life effects, and a decrease in life satisfaction. The paper presents the results of a research aimed at examining the influence of negative affectivity, conflictual interaction of work and family, as well as the positive interaction of the work and family role of women employedin the tourism industry of Vojvodina on organizational commitment and intent to leave the job. The research was conducted in hotels, travel agencies and tourist organizations. The results of the survey have shown that the conflict between work and family affects the increase in the intention to leave the organization, and that, as is expected, a positive interaction between family and work increases the degree of affective commitment to the organization.
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Ahmad, Nadeem, Kamran Ahmed, Mohammad Shamim Khan, Francis Calder, Nizam Mamode, John Taylor, and Geoff Koffman. "Living-Unrelated Donor Renal Transplantation: An Alternative to Living-Related Donor Transplantation?" Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 90, no. 3 (April 2008): 247–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/003588408x261636.
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INTRODUCTION An increasing number of living-unrelated, kidney donor transplants are being performed in our unit. We present a comparison of living-unrelated (LURD) and living-related donor (LRD) renal transplant outcomes and analyse influencing factors. PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively analysed the outcome of all living-donor renal transplants performed at our centre from 1993 to 2004. The parameters studied included patient and graft survival, functioning status of grafts (determined by estimated GFR) at last follow-up and any rejection episodes. Multivariate analysis was performed for recipient and donor age, ethnicity, HLA matching and re-transplants. RESULTS A total of 322 live donor kidney transplants (LRD, n = 261; LURD, n = 61) were carried out over this period. Mean recipient age was 28 ± 16 years in the LRD group and 48 ± 12 years in LURD, while mean age of the donors was 43 ± 11 years and 48 ± 10 years, respectively. Caucasians constituted 80% of all the living donors. Amongst LRD, parents were the commonest (58%) donors followed by siblings (35%). In LURD, 80% were spouses. A total of 33 grafts failed, 30 in LRD (11%) and 3 in LURD (5%). Thirteen patients died, 11 (4.2%) in LRD (7 with functioning graft) and 2 (3.3%) in LURD (1 with functioning graft). Acute rejections occurred in 41% recipients in LRD and 35% in LURD (P = 0.37). Estimated GFR was lower in LURD than in LRD (49 ± 14 versus 59 ± 29 ml/min/1.73 m2; P = 0.032). One- and 3-year patient survival for LRD and LURD was 98.7% and 96.3% and 97.7% and 95%, respectively (P = 0.75). One- and 3-year graft survival was equivalent at 94.8% and 92.3% for LRD, and 98.4% and 93.7% for LURD, respectively (P = 0.18). CONCLUSIONS Outcome of LRD and LURD is comparable in terms of patient and graft survival, acute rejection rate and estimated GFR despite differences in demographics, HLA matching and re-transplants of recipients.
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Ishikawa, D., K. Okahara, M. Takahashi, K. Haga, K. Nomura, T. Shibuya, and A. Nagahara. "DOP04 Matching between donors and patients in faecal microbiota transplantation is important for long-term maintenance on ulcerative colitis." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 14, Supplement_1 (January 2020): S043—S044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz203.043.
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Abstract Background We previously demonstrated that fresh-faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) following triple-antibiotic therapy [amoxicillin, fosfomycin, and metronidazole (AFM); A-FMT] for ulcerative colitis (UC) patients induced changes in the phylum Bacteroidetes, which constitutes a critical factor correlated with clinical responses. Here, we analyse the short- and long-term efficacy of A-FMT comparing to AFM monotherapy, and we explore the concept of a beneficial donor for long-term maintenance. Methods This prospective and non-randomised control study was conducted from July 2014 to March 2017. Eligible patients were at least 20 years of age, with a diagnosis of active UC which were required a Lichtiger’s clinical activity index (CAI) of 5 or more, or with an endoscopic Mayo score of 1 or more. Patients’ spouses or relatives in the family were selected as donors. AFM was administered to patients with UC for 2 weeks, and up to 2 days before fresh FMT. Clinical response was defined as a decrease of CAI of 3 points or more, and remission was defined as 3 points or less. Maintenance of efficacy was defined as no exacerbation of CAI and no intensification of treatments. Results Seventy-nine patients completed protocol (A-FMT; n = 47, mono-AFM; n = 32). At 4 weeks after treatment, clinical response and remission were observed in 31 and 19 patients (65.9%, 40.4%) in A-FMT, which higher than in mono-AFM respectively (56.2%, 18.7%). The maintenance rate of clinical responder was shown to be significantly higher in A-FMT than in AFM at 12 months and 24 months after treatment (A-FMT vs. mono-AFM, p = 0.046 and 0.034, Wilcoxon test). In A-FMT, in case that the age difference between donor and patient is more than 11 years, maintenance rate was significantly lower than 0–10 age difference in A-FMT (≥11 vs. 0–10, n = 14, 16; p = 0.004 and p = 0.003, log-rank test). Siblings relationship has a significantly higher maintenance rate compared with parent–child relationship (Siblings vs. parent–child; n = 7, 13; p = 0.009 and p = 0.006, log-rank test). Conclusion A-FMT exhibited reassuring clinical outcomes in terms of short and long term. This is the first report of FMT to reveal the importance of matching between donors and patients for long-term maintenance on UC.
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Konishi, Shoko, Yoshie Moriki, Fumiko Kariya, and Manabu Akagawa. "Casual Sex and Sexlessness in Japan: A Cross-Sectional Study." Sexes 3, no. 2 (May 1, 2022): 254–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sexes3020020.
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Low fertility has persisted in Japan for decades. Sexless marriages may indirectly contribute to low fertility. Inactive sexual lives within intimate and committed relationships may be linked to sexual activity outside such relationships, called “casual sex”. This study aimed to explore the correlates of casual sex and sexlessness. A web-based questionnaire survey was conducted among married and single men (n = 4000) aged 20–54 years in Japan. Sexlessness were reported by 56% of men, whereas 11% had had casual sex and 31% had had non-casual sex (with spouse, fiancé, or girlfriends/boyfriends) in the last month. Among married men, higher income and long working hours were positively associated with casual sex. Regarding never-married men: those with lower educational status and without full-time jobs were more likely to report casual sex, those in rural areas were more likely to be sexless than those in urban and suburban areas, and those with depression were more likely to be sexless than those without depression. Matching app use was strongly associated with casual sex among married and never-married men, suggesting that such tools may facilitate sexual activity outside committed and intimate relationships. Sexual behavior is closely linked to one’s social and economic environment and health status.
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Park, Silvia, Juhee Cho, Jun Ho Jang, Chul Won Jung, and Mi Hwa Heo. "Measurement of Quality of Life and Depression of Spouse Caregivers for Survivors after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation." Blood 128, no. 22 (December 2, 2016): 4775. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.4775.4775.
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Abstract Introduction: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a quite exhausting process, which encompasses multitude of chemotherapy before HSCT and long term care and surveillance in post transplant period. Caregivers are also exposed to this whole process, and are often the sole provider of physical and emotional support for the patients. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, HSCT survivor-spouse caregiver matching study to determine the caregiver's quality of life (QoL) and depression. From September 2013 to March 2015, a total of 103 HSCT survivor-partner pairs were answered to a set of questionnaire for the assessment of QOL and depression, which were measured by the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL)- BREF 26 and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ9), respectively. Results: Among a total of 103 pairs, the data from 97 married couples were finally used for the analysis. Mean age of the caregiver participants was 49.7 years (range 30-73) and majority of caregivers were female (n=65, 67%). More than 70% of pairs were assessed with a monthly income of $2,000-4,000 or more, and 55.2% of caregivers responded to have co-morbidities. Mean duration since transplant was 3.2 years, and allogeneic HSCT comprised 68.7% of cases. As a result, overall QoL, psychological health, social relationships and environmental health were not significantly different between survivors and caregivers (p=0.345, 0.424, 0.415, and 0.253) whereas physical QoL was reported to be better in caregivers compared to survivors (p=0.011). Mean depression scale of depression was comparable between survivors and caregivers with mean score of 5.3 and 5.1 (p=0.812) and there was no difference in the proportion of severe depression between the two groups (15.6% in survivors, 13.7% in caregivers) (p=0.270). It was revealed that family income had significantly correlation with caregiver's overall QoL and environmental health (p=0.013, and 0.023), and female gender, co-morbidites and family income were the important factors associated with caregiver's depression (p=0.007, 0.017 and 0.049). Conclusion: The present study identified that there was no significant difference in QoL and the level of depression between HSCT survivors and spouse caregivers. Family income, gender and co-morbidites showed significant association with caregiver's distress. We suggest that psychosocial intervention starting from a clinical attention to both survivors and caregivers is needed, and that social support to families who are financially challenged has to be considered. Disclosures Jang: Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd.: Research Funding.
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Wu, Yidong, Yuanyuan Zha, Mengyuan Ge, Hao Sun, and Honghong Gui. "The Impact of Urban Health Care on Migrants’ Settlement Intention: Evidence from China." Sustainability 14, no. 22 (November 14, 2022): 15085. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142215085.
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Improving migrants’ settlement intention is of great importance in the process of China’s new urbanization. By exploiting the data from the China Migrants Dynamic Survey conducted by the National Health and Family Planning Commission of China, this study empirically explores the effects of urban health care on migrants’ settlement intentions. Urban health care is measured by the establishment of migrants’ health records in this article. Additionally, marginal effect analysis, propensity score matching, the random sampling method, the placebo test, and the two-stage least squares method are adopted to tackle potential selection bias and endogeneity concerns. As indicated by the empirical results, urban health care could significantly improve the migrants’ settlement intention. After controlling for the influence of individual characteristics, household characteristics, and migration characteristics, urban health care still plays a significant role in promoting settlement intention. As revealed by the heterogeneity analysis, urban healthcare effects are significantly larger for migrants with agricultural hukou registration, a spouse, younger age, higher income level, and moving into the first and second-tier cities. Meanwhile, considering the impact of housing pressure on migrants’ settlement intentions, this study uses household housing expenditure as a moderator to further analyze the relationship between urban health care and settlement intention. It is found that housing pressure can weaken the positive effect of urban health care on migrants’ settlement intention. The research conclusions contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the migrants’ settlement decisions and provide rich implications for city managers and policymakers.
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Saint-Paul, Gilles. "GENES, LEGITIMACY AND HYPERGAMY: ANOTHER LOOK AT THE ECONOMICS OF MARRIAGE." Journal of Demographic Economics 81, no. 4 (December 2015): 331–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dem.2015.8.
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Abstract:In order to credibly “sell” legitimate children to their spouse, women must forego more attractive mating opportunities. This paper derives the implications of this observation for the pattern of matching in marriage markets, the dynamics of human capital accumulation, and the evolution of the gene pool. A key consequence of the trade-off faced by women is that marriage markets will naturally tend to behypergamous– that is, a marriage is more likely to be beneficial to both parties relative to remaining single, the greater the man’s human capital, and the lower the woman’s human capital. As a consequence, it is shown that the equilibrium can only be of two types. In the “Victorian” type, all agents marry somebody of the same rank in the distribution of income. In the “Sex and the City” (SATC) type, women marry men who are better ranked than themselves. There is a mass of unmarried men at the bottom of the distribution of human capital, and a mass of single women at the top of that distribution. It is shown that the economy switches from a Victorian to an SATC equilibrium as inequality goes up.The model sheds light on how marriage affects the returns to human capital for men and women. Absent marriage, these returns are larger for women than for men but the opposite may occur if marriage prevails. Finally, it is shown that the institution of marriage may or may not favour human capital accumulation depending on how genes affect one’s productivity at accumulating human capital.
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Khan, Khurram J., and Mark A. Levstik. "Ranking in Canadian Gastroenterology Residency Match: What Do Residents and Program Directors Want?" Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology 24, no. 6 (2010): 369–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/537435.
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BACKGROUND: Matching to a gastroenterology (GI) fellowship position in Canada is increasingly competitive.OBJECTIVE: To identify factors that determine how residents rank programs across the country, and how program directors rank their applicants.METHODS: Using input from several current GI trainees and former program directors, two separate surveys were developed. An online survey was sent one month after the match to every resident matched to an adult GI program in the 2007 match. A separate online survey was simultaneously sent to all program directors of 14 accredited GI programs in Canada. Two subsequent cohorts (2008 and 2009) of matched residents were surveyed during the annual GI fellow endoscopy course at McMaster University (Hamilton, Ontario).RESULTS: The overall response rate was 64 of 91 (70%) for residents and 11 of 15 (73%) for program directors (one program had codirectors). Using a five-point Likert scale for rating the importance of various factors influencing their decision, residents from three years ranked the following factor as most important: suitable location for spouse/partner/family (median score = 5). The overall least important factor was an opportunity for pediatric elective (median score = 2). Using the same scale, program directors ranked the following factors as most important (median score = 5) in ranking residents to their program: the ability to get along with others, outstanding reference letters, exceptional curriculum vitae and applying to only one specialty.CONCLUSIONS: Several factors important for GI applicants and program directors were identified, as well as a few less-important factors. Based on these results, GI training programs can more effectively market their programs to applicants in the future, and residents applying to GI programs can strengthen their applications in the ever competitive match process.
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Parraga Acosta, Tommy J., Sage Greenlee, Charles Makowski, Rachel Kenney, Ramesh Mayur, and George J. Alangaden. "592. Antimicrobial Utilization in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients 12-Months Post-Transplantation." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 8, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2021): S399—S400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab466.790.
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Abstract Background Antimicrobials are widely used in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTr). Yet, antimicrobial utilization in the transplant (TP) population is not well characterized. National Healthcare Safety Network antimicrobial use (NHSN-AU) does not provide data specific to SOTr. This study sought to describe inpatient antibiotic use among SOTr up to 1-year post-TP. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed of all SOTr who received a TP between January 2015 to December 2016. Demographics, TP type, antibiotic use variables, hospital days, and Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) are described. Inpatient antibiotic administration was measured for 365 days starting from date of TP surgery. Automated data generated for NHSN-AU reporting was utilized, and SOTr data was abstracted by cross-matching with the transplant database. Transplant-patient days was used as the denominator for metrics. Variables included duration of therapy (DOT), DOT/1000 patient days, antimicrobial free days (inpatient days no antimicrobials were administered), and NHSN-AU reporting targets of anti-methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA), broad spectrum, and high-risk CDI agents. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics via Microsoft Excel®. Results A total of 530 SOTr were analyzed. Baseline characteristics are shown in Table 1. Median age was 61, male gender 64%, median Charlson Comorbidity Index was 5. Kidney TP (43%), liver TP (32%), lung (9%) and heart (8%) were most common TP types. Among these four TP types: Lung TP had the highest median DOT (13 days), DOT/1000 patient days (6.6) and ratio of DOT/total patient (1.9) (Table 2). Liver TP had the most antimicrobial free days (34%). Proportionally, anti-MRSA agents use was highest in thoracic TP (lung/heart), broad-spectrum agent use was common in all but kidney TPs, and high-risk CDI agents use was highest among kidney TP (Table 3). A total of 34 SOTr had CDI, 76% in kidney/liver TPs. Table 1. Antimicrobial usage and SOT - ID Week 2021 Table 2. Antimicrobial usage and SOT - ID Week 2021 Table 3. Antimicrobial usage and SOT - ID Week 2021 Conclusion Our study provides preliminary and important data of inpatient antibiotic utilization specifically in SOTr, generated using automated NHSN-AU data cross-matched to transplant database. These metrics can be utilized to promote antimicrobial stewardship efforts directed to specific TP types. Disclosures Rachel Kenney, PharmD, Medtronic, Inc. (Other Financial or Material Support, spouse is an employee and shareholder)
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Dube, William, Jesse Jacob, Ziduo Zheng, Yijian Huang, Chad Robichaux, James Steinberg, and Scott Fridkin. "The Second Central Line Increases Central-Line–Associated Bloodstream Infection Risk by 80%: Implications for Inpatient Quality Reporting Programs." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 41, S1 (October 2020): s499—s500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2020.1180.
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Background: The NHSN methods for central-line–associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) surveillance do not account for additive CLABSI risk of concurrent central lines. Past studies were small and modestly risk adjusted but quantified the risk to be ~2-fold. If the attributable risk is this high, facilities that serve high-acuity patients with medically indicated concurrent central-line use may disproportionally incur CMS payment penalties for having high CLABSI rates. We aimed to build evidence through analysis using improved risk adjustment of a multihospital CLABSI experience to influence NHSN CLABSI protocols to account for risks attributed to concurrent central lines. Methods: In a retrospective cohort of adult patients at 4 hospitals (range, 110–733 beds) from 2012 to 2017, we linked central-line data to patient encounter data (age, comorbidities, total parenteral nutrition, chemotherapy, CLABSI). Analysis was limited to patients with >2 central-line days, with either a single central line or concurrence of no more than 2 central lines where insertion and removal dates overlapped by >1 day. Propensity-score matching for likelihood of concurrence and conditional logistic regression modeling estimated the risk of CLABSI attributed to concurrence of >1 day. To evaluate in Cox proportional hazards regression of time to CLABSIs, we also analyzed patients as unique central-line episodes: low risk (ie, ports, dialysis central lines, or PICC) or high risk (ie, temporary or nontunneled) and single versus concurrent. Results: In total, 64,575 central lines were used in 50,254 encounters. Among these patients, 517 developed a CLABSI; 438 (85%) with a single central line and 74 (15%) with concurrence. Moreover, 4,657 (9%) patients had concurrence (range, 6%–14% by hospital); of these, 74 (2%) had CLABSI, compared to 71 of 7,864 propensity-matched controls (1%). Concurrence patients had a median of 17 NHSN central-line days and 21 total central-line days. In multivariate modeling, patients with more concurrence (>2 of 3 of concurrent central-line days) had an higher risk for CLABSI (adjusted risk ratio, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.1–2.3) compared to controls. In survival analysis, 14,610 concurrent central-line episodes were compared to 31,126 single low-risk central-line episodes; adjusting for comorbidity, total parenteral nutrition, and chemotherapy, the daily excess risk of CLABSI attributable to the concurrent central line was ~80% (hazard ratio 1.78 for 2 high-risk or 2 low-risk central lines; hazard ratio 1.80 for a mix of high- and low-risk central lines) (Fig. 1). Notably, the hazard ratio attributed to a single high-risk line compared to a low-risk line was 1.44 (95% CI, 1.13–1.84). Conclusions: Since a concurrent central line nearly doubles the risk for CLABSI compared to a single low-risk line, the CDC should modify NHSN methodology to better account for this risk.Funding: NoneDisclosures: Scott Fridkin reports that his spouse receives consulting fees from the vaccine industry.
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Yoo, Kwai Han, Jinhyun Cho, Haa-Na Song, Ki Sun Jung, Juhee Cho, Young Rok Do, Seok Jin Kim, Kihyun Kim, Chul Won Jung, and Jun Ho Jang. "Dyadic Concordance of Sexuality Among Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Patients and Their Partners." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 4349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.4349.4349.
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Abstract Introduction Sexual dysfunction after receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) deteriorates quality of life (QoL) of both HSCT survivors and their partners. However, previous studies have mainly focused on the patients' medical and psychological factors contributing to sexual dysfunction, rather than on the perspectives of the relationship between the patients and their partners. We conducted a cross-sectional, HSCT survivor-partner matching study to determine the concordance of perception, attitude, and problems raised in their sexual activity after receiving HSCT. Methods HSCT survivors and their partners were recruited through the post-HSCT registry from Samsung Medical Center and Korea Blood Cancer Association. HSCT survivors and their partners have separately answered to a set of questionnaire which includes items on their sexual activity, QoL, depression, fear of recurrence and body image. We analyzed the data using McNemar test, paired t-test, kappa coefficients to correct for the amount of agreement and multivariable logistic regression models. Results Between September 2013 and March 2015, 175 patients who received HSCT for hematologic malignancies and had no evidence of recurrent disease were recruited. Finally, 91 pairs of HSCT survivors and their partners were analyzed. Sixty (65.9%) patients were male and mean age of patients and their partners were 51.5 and 49.8, respectively. Type of HSCT were autologous in 29 patients (31.9%), allogenic from sibling donor in 27 patients (29.7%), allogenic from unrelated donor in 25 patients (27.5%) and haploidentical HSCT in 9 patients (9.9%). Twenty-six (28.6%) and 51 patients (56.0%) experienced acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and chronic GVHD, respectively. The average period after HSCT was 3.3 years and 23 patients were treated with corticosteroids at the time of study enrollment. The patients and their partners showed discordance in the aspects of importance and satisfaction of sexual activity. The patients scored higher than their partners at the questions of "Adequate sexual activity is important." (2.57 vs. 2.14, difference 0.44±1.12, p<.01, agreement 71.6%, weighted κ 0.17) and "I desire to have sexual activity with my partner." (2.30 vs. 1.89, difference 0.41±1.10, p<.01, agreement 72.7%, weighted κ 0.21). Interestingly, however, the partners answered "rejection of spouse" as a cause of sexual difficulties more than the patients (22.0% vs. 15.4%). Decreased physical stamina after HSCT was the most common answer for the cause of sexual difficulties from both of patients (46.2%) and partners (37.4%), and alteration of body due to GVHD also affected the sexual activity of both patients and healthy partners (25.3% and 20.9%). In multivariate analysis of patient-partner dyad factors, male sex and importance of adequate sexual activity were associated with increased sexual activity for both groups. For the patients, sexual desire disorder was associated with decreased sexual activity (hazard ratio [HR] 0.34, 95% confience interval [CI] 0.12-0.93, p<.05), while partners were predicted to have decreased sexual activity when patients had GVHD with body changes (HR 0.22, 95% CI 0.05-0.89, p<.05). Conclusions HSCT survivors considered sexual activity is important, and they desired to engage in sexual activity more than their partners did. Misunderstanding of the patients' demands by their partners can be one of the causes of decreased sexual activity. Adequate educational and interventional programs for HSCT survivors and their partners are needed for improving QoL after receiving HSCT. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Fletcher, Jason M., and Norma A. Padron. "Heterogeneity in Spousal Matching Models." SSRN Electronic Journal, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2589778.
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Ek, Susanne, and Bertil Holmlund. "Family Job Search, Wage Bargaining, and Optimal Unemployment Insurance." B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy 10, no. 1 (May 27, 2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1935-1682.2501.
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Abstract In this paper we develop an equilibrium search and matching model where two-person families as well as singles participate in the labor market. We show that equilibrium entails wage dispersion among equally productive risk-averse workers. Marital status as well as spousal labor market status matters for wage outcomes. In general, employed members of two-person families receive higher wages than employed singles. The model is applied to a welfare analysis of alternative unemployment insurance systems, recognizing the role of spousal employment as a partial substitute for public insurance. The optimal system involves benefit differentiation based on marital status as well as spousal labor market status.
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Freak-Poli, Rosanne, Claryn S. J. Kung, Joanne Ryan, and Michael A. Shields. "Social Isolation, Social Support, and Loneliness Profiles Before and After Spousal Death and the Buffering Role of Financial Resources." Journals of Gerontology: Series B, April 4, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbac039.
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Abstract Objectives We provide new evidence on the profiles of social isolation, social support, and loneliness before and after spousal death for older widows. We also examine the moderating effects of gender and financial resources on changes in social health before and after widowhood. Methods We use 19 waves of data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey, including 749 widowed individuals and a comparison group of around 8,000 married individuals. We apply coarsened exact matching weights and control for age and time trends. Local polynomial smoothed plots show the profiles of social health from 3 years pre- to 3 years postspousal death. All analyses were stratified by gender. Results Spousal death was strongly associated with increased loneliness for women and men, but also an increase in interactions with friends and family not living with the bereaved. For men, financial resources (both income and asset wealth) provided some protection against loneliness. Spousal death was not associated with changes in social support or participation in community activities. Discussion We demonstrate that loneliness is a greater challenge of widowhood than social isolation or a lack of social support. Our findings suggest that interventions focusing only on increasing social interactions are unlikely to alleviate loneliness following spousal death. Moreover, policies that reduce the cost of formal social participation may have limited effectiveness in tackling loneliness, particularly for women. Alternative strategies, such as helping the bereaved form a new sense of identity and screening for loneliness around widowhood by health care workers, could be beneficial.
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Iyigun, Murat F., and Randall P. Walsh. "Building the Family Nest: A Collective Household Model with Competing Pre-Marital Investments and Spousal Matching." SSRN Electronic Journal, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.577741.
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Jarrick, Simon, Sigrid Lundberg, Johan Sundström, Adina Symreng, Anna Warnqvist, and Jonas F. Ludvigsson. "Immunoglobulin A nephropathy and ischemic heart disease: a nationwide population-based cohort study." BMC Nephrology 22, no. 1 (May 5, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12882-021-02353-7.
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Abstract Background Chronic kidney disease has been linked to cardiovascular disease and specifically ischemic heart disease (IHD), but large-scale population data in patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) are missing. Objective To examine absolute and relative risks for IHD in patients with IgAN. Methods Population-based register-based cohort study in Sweden. We identified 3945 patients with biopsy-verified IgAN, and 19,272 age- and sex-matched reference individuals from the general population. To reduce residual confounding from genetic factors and early environmental factors we carried out secondary analyses, where we compared 3039 IgAN patients with 6729 siblings, whereas a spousal analysis consisted of 2377 married couples where one of the spouses had IgAN. Data on IHD and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) were retrieved from the nationwide Patient Register. Cox regression estimated hazard ratios (HRs) adjusted for matching variables, education, country of birth, cancer, diabetes mellitus, and other systemic inflammatory diseases. Results During a follow-up of 55,527 person-years (py; mean follow-up 14.1 years), 371 patients (9.4%) with IgAN developed IHD (6.7/1000 py), compared with 1070 (5.6%) in 287,677 py in reference individuals (3.7/1000 py). The corresponding adjusted HR was 1.86 (95%CI = 1.63–2.13), equivalent to one extra case of IHD per 34 IgAN patients followed-up for 10 years. HRs were similar in men and women with IgAN, but higher in the first year after diagnosis and in patients born outside the Nordic countries. Patients with IgAN were at increased risk of IHD also compared to siblings (HR = 2.07; 95%CI = 1.62–2-64) and spouses (HR = 1.91; 95%CI = 1.40–2.61). Conclusions In this nationwide population-based study, patients with IgAN were at an 86% increased risk of future IHD.
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Ohbe, Hiroyuki, and Hideo Yasunaga. "Spouse’s Cardiovascular Disease As a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease in Middle-Aged Adults: A Matched-Pair Cohort Study." Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes 14, no. 8 (August 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circoutcomes.120.007649.
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Background: Little is known about the risk of subsequent cardiovascular events in individuals whose spouse has a history of cardiovascular diseases. We assessed whether the spouse’s history of cardiovascular disease is associated with a greater risk of cardiovascular events. Methods: Using data on married couples from the Japan Medical Data Center database (April 2008–August 2018), we conducted a matched-pair cohort study by matching individuals who had no history of cardiovascular disease and whose spouse had a history of cardiovascular disease at their first health check-up (exposure group) with up to 4 individuals who had no history of cardiovascular disease and whose spouse had no history of cardiovascular disease at their first health check-up (nonexposure group) matched for birth year, sex, and first health check-up year. We compared severe cardiovascular events after the first health check-up between the 2 groups. Results: Among 236 527 eligible married couples (473 054 spouses), we identified 13 759 individuals in the exposure group who were matched with 55 027 individuals in the nonexposure group. During the mean 95-month observational period from the first health check-up, the percentage of individuals with severe cardiovascular events was higher in the exposure group than in the nonexposure group (0.6% [82/13 759] versus 0.4% [224/55 027], respectively), with a hazard ratio of 1.48 (95% CI, 1.15–1.90). Analyses stratified by sex showed that the hazard ratios of the exposure to the spouse’s history of cardiovascular disease for severe cardiovascular events in women and men were 1.22 (95% CI, 0.82–1.83) and 1.68 (95% CI, 1.22–2.32), respectively. Conclusions: This study suggests that a spouse’s history of cardiovascular disease can be a risk factor for subsequent cardiovascular events in men but not in women. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings and to explore effective primary prevention strategies for these individuals.
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Kim, Jee Wook, Min Soo Byun, Jun Ho Lee, Dahyun Yi, Min Jung Kim, Gijung Jung, Jun‐Young Lee, et al. "Spouse bereavement and brain pathologies: a propensity score matching study." Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, June 25, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13439.
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Milla, Norberto. "Impact of the conditional cash transfer program’ on the monthly food expenditure of household beneficiaries." Annals of Tropical Research, May 4, 2020, 104–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.32945/atr4218.2020.
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Philippines is among the many countries which has a perennial problem on poverty. The country has made various ways to reduce its poverty rate; one is through conditional cash transfer (CCT) scheme. This study measured the impact of CCT Program, particularly on food consumption among its household beneficiaries using Propensity Score Matching (PSM). Impact is measured in terms of the Average Treatment Effect on the Treated (ATT) using four matching algorithms: Nearest Neighbor Matching, Caliper (Radius) Matching, Kernel Matching, and Local Linear Regression matching. Binary logistic regression was used to identify covariates influencing program participation which include having children who are 6-12 years old, education of the household heads’ spouses, marital status and sex of the household head, housing tenure, and ownership of household assets. Balance test indicates nonsignificant difference between 4Ps and non-4Ps beneficiaries across these covariates. Of the four matching algorithms, the Caliper (radius) matching generated ATT estimate with the least standard error. On the average, using the Caliper matching method, the monthly food expenditure of the household beneficiaries have significantly increased by PHP501.39, Thus, the CCT program of the government has brought significant improvement on the household beneficiaries, not only on education, health, and nutrition but also on their monthly food expenditure. It is recommended that the implementation of the CCT program should be strengthened, sustained, and maintained properly and orderly to gradually alleviate the current poverty conditions in the identified poor barangays around the nation. Moreover, the implementing agencies should consistently monitor the proper and synchronized implementation of the program in order to wholly purge the intergenerational transmission of poverty which is a perennial experience of the households who belong to the poorest populace in the country.
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Dalmia, Sonia. "Testing Beckers Efficient Marriage Market Hypothesis And Its Implications For Spouse Selection And Marital Transfers In India." Journal of Business & Economics Research (JBER) 2, no. 4 (February 10, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jber.v2i4.2869.
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This paper constructs an empirical model of spouse selection based on Becker’s efficient marriage market hypothesis to examine how equilibrium sorting takes place in marriage markets in India. It finds that education of the groom and age of the bride has the largest effect on matching behavior in India. More importantly, it finds that marital transfers from brides and their families to grooms and their families increase the likelihood of women marrying men of similar type.
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Fox, Teresa C., Connie Clabots, Stephen B. Porter, Tricia Bender, Paul Thuras, Aylin Colpan, Jessica Boettcher, and James R. Johnson. "Bacterial “Virulence” Traits and Host Demographics Predict Escherichia coli Colonization Behaviors Within Households." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 7, no. 11 (October 22, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa495.
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Abstract Background Although intestinal colonization precedes most extraintestinal Escherichia coli infections, colonization-promoting factors are incompletely understood. We compared within-household E. coli colonization patterns with host and bacterial traits. Methods Twenty-two veterans with a clinical E. coli isolate and their 46 human and animal household members underwent longitudinal fecal sampling. Distinct E. coli strains were characterized for phylogenetic background, virulence genes, antibiotic resistance, and colonization behaviors. Host and bacterial traits were assessed statistically as predictors of colonization behaviors. Results Among the 139 unique-by-household fecal E. coli strains, univariable predictors of colonization behavior included (i) host demographics, (ii) matching the index clinical isolate, and (iii) bacterial characteristics (2 phylogroups, 5 clonal lineages, 18 virulence genes, and molecular extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli status). Multivariable predictors of colonization behavior included veteran host, spouse host, matching the index clinical isolate, phylogroup F, ST73, hlyD (alpha hemolysin), hlyF (variant hemolysin), H7 fliC (flagellar variant), vat (vacuolating toxin), and iha (adhesin-siderophore). Conclusions Host demographics, multiple bacterial “virulence” traits, and matching the index clinical isolate predicted E. coli fecal colonization behaviors. Thus, certain bacterial characteristics may promote both colonization and pathogenicity. Future interventions directed toward such traits might prevent E. coli infections both directly and by disrupting antecedent colonization.
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Moynihan, Donald, Eric Giannella, Pamela Herd, and Julie Sutherland. "Matching to Categories: Learning and Compliance Costs in Administrative Processes." Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, January 11, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jopart/muac002.
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Abstract A perennial task for the state is the creation and policing of categories. State-created categories have real world impacts on the public. The consequences of racial categorizations, for example, are well-documented. We examine a less studied consequence of state categorization, which are the administrative burdens created when individuals attempt to match themselves to state-created categories. Matching requires time and effort, and failure to match to an advantageous category can mean a loss of material benefits. The matching problem may sometimes result from obscure categories, or an overwhelming number of categories. The matching problem is also amplified when the state uses identity categories—such as self-employed or unemployed, a retiree, parent, spouse or disabled—where individuals hold pre-existing beliefs about such identities that map poorly onto equivalent state categorizations. To study the matching problem and ways to reduce it, we undertook a field experiment in a California welfare program, CalFresh, the state version of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). Claimants often fail to select into the category of “self-employed” even though it would be more favorable for them to do so. We show how a more intuitive presentation of information about the category and its benefits increased the rate of those identifying as self-employed from 8.8% to 12.1%, approximately one-third. We also show that providing a simple self-attestation template to convey information about self-employment status, a means of reducing compliance costs while meeting state documentation requirements, increased the number of claimants providing an acceptable form of documentation to match to the category. The results show that people frequently lack an intuitive understanding of state categories, that the presentation of categories can reduce this matching problem, and that the state can make it easier to document the match.
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O'Hara, Amy, Katie Genadek, Carla Medalia, and Trent Alexander. "Reconciling Parent-Child Relationships across US Administrative Datasets." International Journal of Population Data Science 3, no. 4 (September 5, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.23889/ijpds.v3i4.864.
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IntroductionPopulation data capture children, parents, relatives, and others moving in and out of households. The U.S. has seen falling marriage rates, and increases in multigenerational households and complex families, young children living with grandparents, and adult children living with parents. Robust parent-child linkages are critical to understand these demographic shifts.
Objectives and ApproachWe construct and validate parent-child linkages over a century to observe how U.S. households are changing over time. The three largest person-based datafiles in the U.S. are the decennial censuses, the Social Security Administration transaction file, and individual tax returns from the Internal Revenue Service. These sources operationalize relationships differently, capture data at various frequencies, and gather the data for unique purposes. We use probabilistic matching to observe and reconcile parent-child relationships across these sources. The data include a variety of personal identifiers including name, date of birth, parents’ names, address, and place of birth that support matching and validation.
ResultsWe find that understanding the content, consistency, and coverage of the files before matching is critical for high quality linkages. The representativeness of the parent-child relationship file improves over time, with the weakest coverage for the Greatest Generation and the strongest coverage for Millennials. Coverage varies by source: tax data underrepresent non-white children and have duplicate records for SSNs, while names and dates of birth are missing from Census data. Multiple match rates differ among demographic groups and over time. In the matching process, the blocking variables rely on common variables across the population datasets. Our approach provides robust entity resolution for women, despite married-maiden name changes. We describe challenges due to data problems in old census records and validation changes in social security data.
Conclusion/ImplicationsWe conduct a successful reconciliation of parent-child relationships in U.S. population level files. The project supports operational and research uses, such as the 2020 Census. We will extend this work using graph matching and will expand the method to validate other relationship links including spouses and siblings.