Journal articles on the topic 'Sports'
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1
Cuneen, Jacquelyn, and Ray Schneider. "Sport in the Third Millennium: A Retrospective and Perspective on 1990s and 2000-Era Sport." Journal of Sport Management 15, no. 4 (October 2001): 267–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsm.15.4.267.
Abstract:
Sports, Inc., a popular 1980s-era sport business weekly, addressed eight elements of sports business/management in a January 2,1989 issue entitled “Sports in the 90's: The Spiral Goes On.” The Sports, Inc. issue provided selected writers a forum in which to disseminate their practical forecasts for 1990s sport enterprise. This special issue of the Journal of Sport Management provides established and/or rising scholars with a forum to reflect on several of Sports, Inc.'s predictions and share their own scholarly assessments of sport's past and current business and managerial status.
2
Chabasse, Dominique. "Sports et spores." Revue Francophone des Laboratoires 2022, no. 547 (December 2022): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1773-035x(22)00373-2.
3
De Bosscher, Veerle, Kari Descheemaeker, and Simon Shibli. "Starting and Specialisation Ages of Elite Athletes across Olympic Sports: An International Cross-sectional Study." European Journal of Sport Sciences 3, no. 5 (September 25, 2023): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejsport.2023.3.5.100.
Abstract:
Talent development models are the frameworks that guide sports stakeholders in developing potential athletes, within which early specialisation and diversification remain contradictory strategies. This paper presents new insights into the starting and specialisation ages of world-class athletes in various Olympic sports. A total of 2,838 athletes from 13 nations and 44 Olympic sports were included in this study. The results show that world-class athletes started with their current sport at the age of 10.6 (±5.3) and decided to focus on this sport at the age of 15.6 (±5.0), with obvious variations in these ages across different sports. The study showed a moderate relationship between athletes’ starting and specialisation ages (r = 0.639), which demonstrates the variable duration of the multiple sport sampling period. This period, during which athletes pursue a variety of sports, lasts 4.9 years on average. There is a high degree of variation among different athletes in starting and specialisation ages, even within the same sport. All sports in the study can be classified into five categories based on a combination of their starting ages (early/intermediate/late) and specialisation ages (early/intermediate/late). The Developmental Model of Sports Participation provides the age guidelines for the categories. The five categories contain (I) early specialisation sports, (II) intermediate starting and specialisation sports, (III) late specialisation sports, (IV) late starting sports, and (V) late starting and late specialisation sports. The study concludes by proposing that there is a need for sport-specific talent development models with increased attention to each sport’s starting age, sampling period, and specialisation age.
4
De Bosscher, Veerle, Kari Descheemaeker, and Simon Shibli. "Starting and Specialisation Ages of Elite Athletes across Olympic Sports: An International Cross-sectional Study." European Journal of Sport Sciences 2, no. 5 (September 25, 2023): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejsport.2023.2.5.100.
Abstract:
Talent development models are the frameworks that guide sports stakeholders in developing potential athletes, within which early specialisation and diversification remain contradictory strategies. This paper presents new insights into the starting and specialisation ages of world-class athletes in various Olympic sports. A total of 2,838 athletes from 13 nations and 44 Olympic sports were included in this study. The results show that world-class athletes started with their current sport at the age of 10.6 (±5.3) and decided to focus on this sport at the age of 15.6 (±5.0), with obvious variations in these ages across different sports. The study showed a moderate relationship between athletes’ starting and specialisation ages (r = 0.639), which demonstrates the variable duration of the multiple sport sampling period. This period, during which athletes pursue a variety of sports, lasts 4.9 years on average. There is a high degree of variation among different athletes in starting and specialisation ages, even within the same sport. All sports in the study can be classified into five categories based on a combination of their starting ages (early/intermediate/late) and specialisation ages (early/intermediate/late). The Developmental Model of Sports Participation provides the age guidelines for the categories. The five categories contain (I) early specialisation sports, (II) intermediate starting and specialisation sports, (III) late specialisation sports, (IV) late starting sports, and (V) late starting and late specialisation sports. The study concludes by proposing that there is a need for sport-specific talent development models with increased attention to each sport’s starting age, sampling period, and specialisation age.
5
Jarvie, Grant, Stuart Murray, and Stuart Macdonald. "Promoting Scotland, Diplomacy and Influence through Sport." Scottish Affairs 26, no. 1 (February 2017): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/scot.2017.0161.
Abstract:
Sport is being used by a number of countries to raise profile, and create influence. Sports diplomacy has an increasing presence in terms of theory, practice and evidence within international relations. Sports diplomacy may occur both within sport and through sport. The channels through which this is facilitated are complex. Scotland has much to learn from places such as Australia that have put in place a dedicated four-year sports diplomacy strategy. The article sets out to answer key questions and doing so suggests that Scottish sport is capable of making the art of the possible, possible, but that Scotland has yet to grasp the opportunities provided by sport's global currency. The article concludes by making six recommendations.
6
Верітов, О. І. "ФОРМУВАННЯ МАРКЕТИНГОВИХ КОМПЕТЕНЦІЙ БАКАЛАВРІВ ІЗ ФІЗИЧНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ І СПОРТУ." Теорія та методика навчання та виховання, no. 49 (2020): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.34142/23128046.2020.49.03.
Abstract:
Blank, S. (2009). Building a Company with Customer Data – Why Metrics Are Not Enough. Retrieved from: https://steveblank.com/category/marketing/ page/2/. Blank, S. (2017). Don‟t let process distract you from finding the strategy. Retrieved from: https://steveblank.com/category/customer-development/ page/3/. Blank, S. (2020). Rising out of the Crisis: Where to Find New Markets and Customers. Retrieved from: https://steveblank.com/category/customer-development/. Kilkist zareiestrovanykh bezrobitnykh ta kilkist vakansii u 2019 rotsi (za danymy derzhavnoi sluzhby zainiatosti). (2019). [The number of registered unemployed and the number of vacancies in 2019 (according to the state employment service)]. URL: http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/. (in Ukrainian). Osvitno-profesiina prohrama «Fizychna kultura i sport. Trenerska diialnist z vydu sportu pershoho rivnia vyshchoi osvity za spetsialnistiu 017 Fizychna kultura i sport. (2019). [Educational and professional program "Physical Culture and Sports. Coaching activities in the sport of the first level of higher education in the specialty 017 Physical culture and sports]. Berdiansk: Berdianskyi derzhavnyi pedahohichnyi universytet. 16 p. URL: http://bdpu.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/017_FKS_Sport-1.pdf. (in Ukrainian). Osvitno-profesiina prohrama «Fizychna kultura i sport» pershoho (bakalavrskoho) rivnia vyshchoi osvity. (2019). [Educational and professional program "Physical Culture and Sports" of the first (bachelor's) level of higher education]. Kherson: Khersonskyi derzhavnyi universytet. 22 p. URL: http://www.kspu.edu/FileDownload.ashx/OPP% 20017%20FIZYChNA%20KULJTURA%20I%20SPORT%20 BAKALAVR%20(1).pdf?id=8e8ede49-e4aa-4104-956d-7538f5830f66. (in Ukrainian). Osvitno-profesiina prohrama «Fizychna kultura i sport» pershoho (bakalavrskoho) rivnia vyshchoi osvity. (2019). [Educational and professional program "Physical Culture and Sports" of the first (bachelor's) level of higher education]. Ternopil: Ternopilskyi natsionalnyi pedahohichnyi universytet imeni Volodymyra Hnatiuka. 19 p. URL: http://tnpu.edu.ua/about/public_inform/akredytatsiia%20 ta%20litsenzuvannia/osvitni_prohramy/bakalavr/fizvyh/017_Fizychna_kultura_i_sport_bak alavr_2019.pdf. (in Ukrainian). Osvitno-profesiina prohrama «Trenerska diialnist v obranomu vydi sportu» pershoho rivnia vyshchoi osvity za spetsialnistiu 017 Fizychna kultura i sport. (2017). [Educational and professional program "Coaching in the chosen sport" of the first level of higher education in the specialty 017 Physical Culture and Sports]. Kharkiv: Kharkivska derzhavna akademiia fizychnoi kultury. 12 p. URL: https://khdafk.kh.ua/wp-content/uploads/ 2019/04/017- Fizychna-kuljtura-i-sport-1.pdf. (in Ukrainian). Osvitno-profesiina prohrama pidhotovky bakalavra pershoho rivnia vyshchoi osvity za spetsialnistiu 017 Fizychna kultura i sport. (2017). [Educational and professional bachelor's program of the first level of higher education in the specialty 017 Physical culture and sports]. Mykolaiv: Mykolaivskyi natsionalnyi universytet imeni V. O. Sukhomlynskoho. 14 p. URL: http://sport.mdu.edu.ua/fks/wp-content/uploads/2017/OPP_017_FKiS.pdf. (in Ukrainian). Potapiuk, I. P. (2011). Osoblyvosti zastosuvannia kompleksu marketynhu na pidpryiemstvakh sfery fizychnoi kultury i sportu. [Features of application of a marketing complex at the enterprises of sphere of physical culture and sports]. Ekonomichnyj chasopys-XXI – Economic JournalXXI. № 11-12. URL: http://soskin.info/ea/2011/11-12/201122.html. (in Ukrainian). Razumovskyi, S. O. (2013). Marketynh fizychnoi kultury yak element sotsialnoi sfery suspilstva (sotsialno-filosofskyi analiz). [Marketing of physical culture as an element of the social sphere of society (socio-philosophical analysis)]. Slobozhanskyi naukovo-sportyvnyi visnyk – Slobozhansky scientific and sports bulletin. № 2. P. 199-203. (in Ukrainian). Samodai, V. (2013). Aktualni pytannia shchodo vprovadzhennia marketynhu u sferu fizychnoi kultury i sportu. [Current issues regarding the introduction of marketing in the field of physical culture and sports]. Moloda sportyvna nauka Ukrainy – Young sports science of Ukraine. T. 4. P. 158-165. (in Ukrainian). Standart vyshchoi osvity Ukrainy. Stupin vyshchoi osvity bakalavr. Haluz znan 01 osvita/pedahohika. Specialnist 017 Fizychna kultura i sport. (2019). [Standard of higher education in Ukraine. Bachelor's degree. Field of knowledge 01 education / pedagogy. Specialty 017 Physical culture and sports]. Kyiv: Ministerstvo osvity i nauky Ukrainy. 12 p. URL: https://mon.gov.ua/storage/app/media/vishcha-osvita/zatverdzeni%20standarty/2019/ 04/25/017-fizichna-kultura-i-sport-bakalavr.pdf. (in Ukrainian). Tanklevska, N. S. & Vybranskyi, V. V. (2019). Osnovy marketynhu v sportyvnii sferi. [Fundamentals of marketing in sports]. Socialno-ekonomichni problemy suchasnoho periodu Ukrainy – Socio-economic problems of the modern period of Ukraine. Vypusk 6 (140). P. 20-25. (in Ukrainian). Tyshchenko, T. B. (2010). Osoblyvosti formuvannia hotovnosti maibutnikh fakhivtsiv fizychnoho vykhovannia ta sportu do marketynhovoi diialnosti. [Features of formation of readiness of future specialists of physical education and sports for marketing activity]. Naukovyi chasopys [Natsionalnoho pedahohichnoho universytetu imeni M. P. Drahomanova]. Seriia 15: Naukovo-pedahohichni problemy fizychnoi kultury (fizychna kultura i sport): zb. nauk. pr. – Scientific journal [National Pedagogical University named after MP Drahomanov]. Series 15: Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports). № 3. P. 307-310. (in Ukrainian).
7
Zaksaitė, Salomėja. "Sukčiavimo sporto srityje samprata ir kriminalizavimo ypatybės." Teisė 79 (January 1, 2011): 157–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/teise.2011.0.177.
Abstract:
Straipsnyje analizuojama sukčiavimo sporto srityje samprata ir jo raiška baudžiamuosiuose įstatymuose. Priimto konsensuso dėl sukčiavimo sporto srityje apibrėžimo nėra, tačiau įmanoma nustatyti pagrindines sukčiavimo sporto srityje savybes ir pateikti šio reiškinio apibrėžimą kelių teisinių paradigmų kontekste. Taip pat pristatoma sukčiavimo baudžiamojoje teisėje samprata ir tiriami vienos iš pavojingiausių sukčiavimo sporto srityje formų – manipuliacijų sporto rezultatais – kriminalizavimo aspektai. Nustatoma, kad baudžiamosios teisės kategorijos – apgaulė, žala, veikos baigtinumo momentas – turėtų būti interpretuojamos atsižvelgiant į sukčiavimo sporto srityje kontekstą ir modus operandi. Atitinkamo tyrimo rėmuose tampa aiškesnis sporto ir baudžiamosios teisės santykis. The article describes the concept of cheating in sports and its criminalization peculiarities. There is no a coherent single definition of said concept, therefore several legal paradigs are presented in order to indicate the basic features of cheating in sport and set the determination. Also, the concept of criminal fraud is covered and problematic aspects of criminalization of one of the most dangerous form of cheating in sport – match fixing – are explored. It is ascertained that criminal law categories – deception, damage and crime consumnation moment, shall be interpreted considering the context and modus operandi of cheating in sports. In the context of such analysis the relation between sports law and criminal law becomes clearer.
8
Barczak, Anna, Monika Guszkowska, Jakub G. Adamczyk, Ireneusz Sołtyszewski, Krzysztof Safranow, Dariusz Boguszewski, Henryk Sozański, Beata Pepłońska, and Cezary Żekanowski. "Aggression in the Polish elitecombat sports’ athletes." Studies in Sport Humanities 26 (April 28, 2020): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.1247.
Abstract:
Sport’s aggression is widely discussed, but combat arts are traditionally considered as sports promoting emotional control. The aims of this research were to determine the diff erences in competitive and general aggression between martial arts’ athletes and controls and the relationships between aggression and athletes’ age, sports experience, level of sportsachievement and the type of combat sports (predictable attacking and unpredictable attacking). Obtained results revealed signifi cant higher levels only in the total aggression in athletes, with physical aggression (PA)in particular. The combat sports training was an independent predictor of a higher level of PA and the more titled athletes, the less aggressive they were. A high level of competitive aggression was determined by the unpredictable attacking combat sport.
9
Astor, Avi, and Jofre Riba. "Knocked out: Ritual disruption and the decline of Spanish boxing." International Review for the Sociology of Sport 53, no. 6 (November 28, 2016): 726–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1012690216677845.
Abstract:
Scholars have written extensively on the emergence of mass sports in modern industrial societies, and the factors that have facilitated the development of ‘hegemonic sports cultures’. Less has been written on how the structure and content of ‘national sport spaces’ change over time, and the reasons that certain sports cultures have failed to sustain their popular appeal amid processes of political, social and cultural transformation. This article analyses the sharp decline in the popularity of Spanish boxing during the 1970s and 1980s. In explaining this decline, we draw attention to a series of developments that disrupted rituals of spectatorship that were key to sustaining the sport’s fan base. Our findings highlight the importance of ritual to the reproduction of hegemonic sports cultures and identify ‘ritual disruption’ as a mechanism through which broad societal changes may alter the configuration of national sport spaces.
10
Silva, Leandro Amancio, Lucas Leonardo, Heitor de Andrade Rodrigues, and Tathyane Krahenbühl. "The Relative Age Effect in invasion team sports: A systematic review in youth sports." Retos 46 (August 11, 2022): 641–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v46.94211.
Abstract:
The difference in birth dates between athletes of the same age can result in an advantage for the relatively older one. This is referred to as the relative age effect (RAE). This effect can interfere in the practice of children and youth athletes and can also influence their training and development to reach a high level of the sport. This study aimed to review previous research based on the following question: “What are the influences and consequences of the RAE in the sports practice of youth athletes in invasion team sports?” The method used was a systematic literature review based on the PRISMA method. The descriptors relative age effect AND sport were used on the CAPES Periodicals Portal and Pub Med platforms. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria and performing the necessary analyses, 82 articles were included in the study. It was found that the high competitive level, the sport’s popularity, coaches’ perception, and biological characteristics, primarily in the puberty period, have the greatest influence on the relative age effect and interfere in the permanence and sports careers of youth athletes.
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Ponkin, Igor, and Alena Redkina. "Importance of Public Administration in Sports." SOCRATES. Rīgas Stradiņa universitātes Juridiskās fakultātes elektroniskais juridisko zinātnisko rakstu žurnāls / SOCRATES. Rīga Stradiņš University Faculty of Law Electronic Scientific Journal of Law 1, no. 7 (2017): 104–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.25143/socr.07.2017.1.104-114.
Abstract:
Assuredly, quite a new legal sub branch is developing in Latvia – sport law. I. Ponkin and A. Redkina in their article speak about this new legal sub branch, its role and meaning of public administration in sport. Jāatzīst, ka Latvijā attīstās pilnīgi jauna tiesību apakšnozare – sporta tiesības. I. Ponkins un A. Redkina izdevumā ietvertajā rakstā atspoguļo publiskās pārvaldes nozīmi un lomu sportā.
12
Irlinger, Paul. "Les jeunes et l'idéologie sportive." STAPS 14, no. 30 (1993): 57–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/staps.1993.935.
Abstract:
This study is based on a sample survey (by questionnaire ) among 4465 students of primary, comprehensive and grammar schools. The statistical data processing helps the evaluation of the youth's fondeness for sport's ethics and its main characteristics. The analysis of data also underlines the fact that the importance of sex, age and social environment, but also with the degrees and manners of being into practice of a sport. To conclude, all the interpretation are gazzed and presented as a model, wich binds the sports culture, the practice of sports and the adhesion to sport's ethics.
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Saliaga, Elton, and Gentiana Kraja. "Sport and Internationalization: A Comprehensive Analysis." Interdisciplinary Journal of Research and Development 11, no. 1 S1 (April 23, 2024): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.56345/ijrdv11n1s115.
Abstract:
Sport has transcended boundaries, becoming a global phenomenon that unites people across cultures and nations. This paper aims to investigate the process of internationalization in sports, examining its drivers, impacts, and challenges. Through a mixed-methods approach involving qualitative analysis of case studies and quantitative analysis of global sports data, this study provides insights into the dynamics of sport internationalization. Findings suggest that globalization, technological advancements, economic factors, and cultural exchanges play pivotal roles in shaping the international sports landscape. However, challenges such as cultural clashes, commercialization, and governance issues pose significant hurdles. Overall, this paper contributes to a deeper understanding of sport's role in globalization and offers implications for policymakers, stakeholders, and scholars. Received: 25 December 2023 / Accepted: 25 February 2024 / Published: 23 April 2024
14
Whiteside, Erin, Marie Hardin, and Erin Ash. "Good for Society or Good for Business? Division I Sports Information Directors’ Attitudes Toward the Commercialization of Sports." International Journal of Sport Communication 4, no. 4 (December 2011): 473–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsc.4.4.473.
Abstract:
Through increased visibility in the mass media, collegiate sports have grown at an astounding rate over the past 50 years, leading critics to charge that they are often governed from a standpoint that does not protect academic priorities but instead emphasizes business interests. In light of this trend, the authors used a survey to examine the attitudes of sports information directors (SIDS)—the individuals who are charged with furthering institutional agendas in sport—at the NCAA Division I level. The findings suggest that SIDs generally identify with the belief that sports are inherently good for society but are mixed in their attitudes toward college sport’s biggest revenue generator, football. The results are considered in context with research on SIDs and on media produced by athletic departments.
15
Lenz, Britta. "Polish Sport and the Challenges of Its Recent Historiography." Journal of Sport History 38, no. 3 (October 1, 2011): 349–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/jsporthistory.38.3.349.
Abstract:
Abstract The development of sport in Poland has been shaped by historical circumstances and the particular conditions they created: the period of the partitions, the process of integration after regaining independence, the destruction of the Second World War, and the subsequent Communist rule. Sport took on special meanings, and sports historiography, too, served to maintain national sentiments or ideological hegemony. Since 1989 research on sports history has entered a process of transformation characterized by new approaches, a free choice of subjects, access to new sources, and a more open academic exchange. Still, there are many blind spots in the social and cultural history of sport in Poland. Polish sports history has great potential to illuminate our understanding of inclusion, exclusion, and identity formation. It would be fruitful to leave the national focus aside, this article concludes, and to engage in comparative and transnational approaches within a Central (East) European framework.
16
Jaroszewski, Julian. "Sport szkolny w Kaliszu do 1939 roku." Polonia Maior Orientalis 10 (November 15, 2023): 163–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/27204006pmo.23.009.17782.
Abstract:
Artykuł poświęcony jest działalności sportowej młodzieży szkolnej w m. Kaliszu do 1939 roku. Ruch sportowy młodzieży szkolnej m. Kalisza rozpoczął się w II dekadzie XX wieku. Miał charakter spontaniczny, ograniczony do meczów piłkarskich „dzikich drużyn”. Formalnego kształtu przybrał po 1921 roku, tj. powołaniu uczniowskich kół sportowych, następnie Przystani Wioślarskiej Młodzieży Szkolnej (1929 rok) i Międzyszkolnego Klubu Sportowego (1932 rok). Najpopularniejszymi dyscyplinami sportowymi w środowisku młodzieży była piłka nożna, boks, lekkoatletyka oraz wioślarstwo. Najwyższy poziom sportowy demonstrowali uczniowie Gimnazjum Państwowego im. Adama Asnyka i Gimnazjum Państwowego im. Tadeusza Kościuszki. Największym sukcesem sportowym było wywalczenie przez pięściarzy Międzyszkolnego Klubu Sportowego tytułów drużynowego mistrza m. Kalisza w boksie w latach 1932 i 1933. Corocznie młodzież szkolna uczestniczyła w mistrzostwach szkół średnich i świętach wychowania fizycznego i przysposobienia wojskowego. Główny ruch sportowy skoncentrowany był w środowisku męskiej młodzieży szkół gimnazjalnych. Sport wśród dziewcząt oraz uczniów szkół powszechnych był opóźniony. Niekorzystny wpływ na rozwój sportu szkolnego miało zarządzenie władz oświatowych izolujące sport szkolny od klubów i stowarzyszeń sportowych. School Sports in the City of Kalisz up to 1939: The article reviews sports activities of school youth in the city of Kalisz up to 1939. The sports movement of school youth in the city of Kalisz began in the second decade of the 20th century. It was spontaneous, limited to football matches played by unofficial teams. It was formalized after 1921,that is, after instituting students sports associations, then after forming the School Youth Boathouse (1929) and Interschool Sports Center (1932). The most popular sport disciplines among young people were football, boxing, athletics and rowing. The highest sport level was demonstrated by students of Adam Asnyk State Gymnasium and Tadeusz Kościuszko State Gymnasium. The greatest sporting success was winning the boxing team championships by boxers of Interschool Sports Center in 1932 and 1933. Every year school youth participated in high school championships and Physical Education and Basic Military Training events. The main sports movement was concentrated among male youth of junior high schools. Sport among girls and primary schoolchildren was delayed. The development of school sports activities was adversely affected by the directive issued by education authorities which isolated school sports from sports clubs and associations.
17
Medvedev, A. V. "Sports and theater, or About the theatricality of sports." Scientific and educational basics in physical culture and sports, no. 1 (September 23, 2021): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.57006/2782-3245-2021-1-1-58-62.
Abstract:
Sports in modern culture is a phenomenon that performs a very diverse range of functions. Having its own nature, which differs from the nature of other cultural phenomena, sport is in a system of relations and interactions with them. The article deals with the problem of relations between sport and theater, which, of course, is a concretization of a broader topic, namely, the relationship between sport and art. Sport as a game has many common features with theater, which allows sports, especially professional sports, to build their activities using the means of theatrical art. Sport is also a spectacle that requires close contact with the audience. This side of being a sport is expressed. In particular, the fact that one of the dominant trends in the existence of sports is theatricalization. The latter circumstance leads to the need to strengthen the aesthetic and artistic training of professionals in the field of sports.
18
Di Marco, Antonio. "Sports Economy and Fight against Corruption: Which Limits to the Sporting Organisations Autonomy?" European Business Law Review 32, Issue 5 (October 1, 2021): 877–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eulr2021031.
Abstract:
This research studies the impact of the growth of the sports economy on the limitation of the autonomy of sports organisations, taking into account the driving role of the sovereign power of public orders to fight against corruption. It illustrates the idea according to which the economic governance of sport is based on the specific governance of the International Sports Movement and it verifies how and to what extent the public orders are affecting the regulatory autonomy of sport’s transnational legal orders. The study analyses, firstly, the legal status of the sporting organisations, arguing that the fundamental operational and organisational requirements of sporting organisations have international sources and transnational effects. Secondly, it considers the economic competences of sporting organisations, detecting the limits of sport autonomy due to the exercise of economic activities. Thirdly, it points up the international convergences on managerial transparency and some examples of national and international monitoring of economic activities in sporting organisations, delineating the emergence of a specific international legal framework for economic sports governance. The analysis, finally, identifies the limits of the recent developments at international level, exposing the potential role of the European authorities and the legitimate ways to justify the international limitation of the autonomy of sport. Autonomy of sport, Private International Law, Public-private Governance, Corruption, Transnational Legal Order, Sports Economy, Legal Status of Sporting Organisations, Audit, Managerial Transparency, Economic Monitoring, International Sporting Convention
19
Cerqueira, Matheus, Diogo Monteiro, Bruno Travassos, and Sergio Machado. "E-Sports: a legitimate sport?" Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte 20, no. 2 (April 13, 2020): I—II. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/cpd.422831.
20
DeMont, Richard, and Joan M. Matthews White. "Sports Medicine and Disability Sport." Athletic Therapy Today 9, no. 1 (January 2004): 46–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/att.9.1.46.
21
Hagiu, Bogdan-Alexandru, and Cristina-Mihaela Ghiciuc. "Sports Genomics and Sport Doping." ATHENS JOURNAL OF SPORTS 7, no. 3 (August 28, 2020): 163–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajspo.7-3-2.
22
Zaksaitė, Salomėja. "Nusikalstamas elgesys sporto srityje." Teisė 74 (January 1, 2010): 136–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/teise.2010.0.252.
Abstract:
Straipsnyje nagrinėjamas nusikalstamas elgesys sporto srityje ir jo latentiškumo priežastys. Tiriama sporto samprata ir analizuojamas sporto ir nusikalstamo elgesio ryšys. Būdingiausi pažeidimai sporto srityje yra susiję su dopingu, smurtu ir korupcija – šios veikos ir analizuojamos darbe. Atitinkama analizė yra reikšminga, siekiant atskleisti nusikalstamo elgesio sporto srityje reiškinį bei aiškinantis, kokia turėtų būti šio reiškinio prevencija. In this article criminal behaviour at sport field and the reasons of its latency are analyzed. The concept of sport and its link with criminal behavior are laid out. The most typical crimes at sport field are cheating, violence and corruption – thus said crimes are researched in this work. Corresponding analysis is significant in order to unfold criminal behaviour in sports and to ascertain what kind of prevention of said behaviour should be applicable.>
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Garban, Cleven, Lhidie Joy Reillo, and Jet Clayton Longakit. "Exploring The Role of Nature of Sports in Lifestyle and Sports Engagement of Student-Athletes." Sports Medicine Curiosity Journal 2, no. 2 (December 5, 2023): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/smcj.v2i2.75834.
Abstract:
This study aims to explore the moderating effect of the nature of sport on the relationship between lifestyle and sports engagement for different types of sports and how it affects each student-athlete. A sample comprised of 408 consisting of 29.9% individual sports (n=122), 18.87% dual sports (n=77), and 51.23% (n=209) student-athletes answered a packet of questionnaires assessing lifestyle and sport engagement. The results showed that overall lifestyle is a significant predictor of sports engagement, as students who demonstrate good exercise habits, engage in regular exercise, and maintain good nutrition are more likely to engage in sports. Interestingly, the type of sport did not significantly affect sports engagement. These findings provide empirical evidence that the type of sport does not moderate the relationship between lifestyle and sports engagement, which suggests that student-athletes can participate in any sport of their choice, whether it is an individual or dual sport or a team sport, to support them in achieving their maximum potential. However, there may be other factors that moderate the relationship between student-athletes' lifestyles and sports engagement that require further investigation.
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Kameņecka-Usova, Marina. "Mediācija un sporta strīdi." SOCRATES. Rīgas Stradiņa universitātes Juridiskās fakultātes elektroniskais juridisko zinātnisko rakstu žurnāls / SOCRATES. Rīga Stradiņš University Faculty of Law Electronic Scientific Journal of Law 3, no. 9 (2017): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.25143/socr.09.2017.3.40-47.
Abstract:
Jāatzīst, ka pilnīgi jauna tēma Latvijas tiesību zinātnē ir dažādi sporta tiesību aspekti. Šajā krājumā jaunā tiesību zinātniece Marina Kameņecka-Usova apskata sporta strīdu un mediācijas problēmjautājumus. It must be acknowledged that a novel topic in the Latvian law science has become various sport’s law aspects. The young law scientist Marina Kameņecka-Usova has addressed the question of sports disputes’ and their mediation tactics.
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Khanmoradi, Saeed, Shirin Zardoshtian, Shahram Fatahi, and Geoff Dickson. "Interaction Effect between Sports Participation and Elite Sports Development." Indonesian Journal of Sport Management 2, no. 1 (April 11, 2022): 45–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31949/ijsm.v2i1.2261.
Abstract:
Elite athlete success in international events and sports development promotes sports participation and this is main concern for many researchers to develop the elite sport. If the economic conditions are not desirable, it is not possible to develop elite sport and promote sports participation to achieve this goal. Economic crises have made the managers employ a deep insight into the effect of the economic conditions of the country on the sport. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the interaction effect of sports participation and elite sports development with an emphasis on macroeconomic variables using an econometric model with a simultaneous equation approach based on the 2SLS method in Iran. The results showed that inflation and unemployment rates have significant and negative effects on sports participation. Rural household income has a significant and positive effect on sports participation but urban household income has a significant and negative effect on sports participation. Standard of living has a significant and positive effect on sports participation. The effects of sports media, sports budget, and Non-athlete participants on elite sports development are significant and positive. Finally, the interaction effect of sports participation and elite sports development is positive and significant.
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Yoon, SangJin. "Promotion and Framework Act on Sport in South Korea and Japan : A Comparative Study." Korean Journal of Sport Science 35, no. 1 (March 31, 2024): 93–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.24985/kjss.2024.35.1.93.
Abstract:
PURPOSE This study aimed to explore the enactment and background of Korean and Japanese sports laws, comparatively analyze the major sports-related laws of both countries, namely Korean National Sports Promotion Act, Japanese Sport Promotion Act, and the Framework Act on Sport of both countries, and derive implications for the Korean Framework Act on Sport, sports-related laws, and sports policy.METHODS Research related to sports law were collected through academic databases and major search portals in both countries and analyzed.RESULTS First, as reviewed in previous studies, the Korean National Sports Promotion Act at the time of its enactment imitated the Japanese Sport Promotion Act in almost all articles. Second, Japanese Basic Act on sport, which was a complete revision of Japanese Sport Promotion Act, further expanded the concept of “sports,” and specified nonexistent “sports rights,” “sport nation,” and “sport as a universally shared human culture,” was evaluated as having quasi-constitutional character. Third, the Framework Act on Sport of both countries specified similar sports policies and concepts in many individual articles. The Korea’s Framework Act on Sport independently included articles for superordinate law, spread of sports values into environmental and political fields, inter-Korean exchange and cooperation in sports, sports donation culture, and so on . Japan’s Basic Act on Sport independently specified preamble, sports integrityrelated articles, articles for prompt and appropriate resolution of sports disputes, and for promoting anti-doping activities, and so on.CONCLUSIONS This study offers suggestions for clarifying the legal concepts of “sports” and “physical education,” resolving contradictions in the articles of the Korean Sports-related Act, establishing an independent sports policy implementation organization, establishing the legal system of the Korean Sports-related Act, and supporting the “life career” from the time of active athletes.
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Mahlangu, Nosiphiwo, and Rosa Naudé-Potgieter. "e-Sports Events: A Sports Parent's Perspective." International Conference on Tourism Research 7, no. 1 (March 18, 2024): 466–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.34190/ictr.7.1.2234.
Abstract:
e-Sports is a rapidly growing industry, which has gained popularity in the recent years. It is estimated that the global e-sports market will have a value of $1.87 billion in 2025. e-Sports competitions and tournaments are becoming increasingly popular, especially among schoolchildren and college students. The growth of leagues, at school level, requires that parents should understand this sport and have a positive attitude towards e-sports and e-sports events, due to the likely support that parents are required to provide to participants at these events. The study is a preliminary study, which aims to understand parents' view of e-sports, as a form of sports, to determine the financial investment to participate in e-sports and parents’ experience during an e-sport event. The study used a qualitative approach, utilising a semi-structured interview schedule, with six parents interviewed at an event, as well as a focus group discussion, with 21 parents of e-sports players. The study found that parents have a positive perception of e-sports events and are fully supportive of their children participating in them. Further, it was concluded that e-sports is viewed as a form of sports and, in comparison to other ‘traditional sports’, it is actually a very affordable form of sport to partake in. Parents spend most of their money at e-sports events on food, whilst some parents will go to a restaurant after the event, to celebrate the child’s accomplishments. The results of this preliminary study will guide further studies on e-sports events and are already giving an indication to e-sports organisers what the perspectives and needs of parents are.
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Antunovic, Dunja. "“Turned into the Women’s Journal”: Representation of sportswomen in Hungary’s sports magazine." International Review for the Sociology of Sport 54, no. 1 (March 28, 2017): 63–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1012690217698674.
Abstract:
Over the last few decades, scholars have dedicated much attention to the coverage of sportswomen in the media. However, few of these studies are situated within the Central Eastern European context. In this study, I analyze the textual and visual coverage of sportswomen in the Hungarian monthly sports magazine Presztízs Sport and examine the ways in which Hungarian national identity is articulated through discourses of sport, athletic competence, and womanhood. This sports magazine reflects some of the global patterns in the representation of sportswomen, but also distinguishes athletes based on the sport’s historical success in Hungary. Further, it positions the családanya, the “family-mother” as a gender ideal that transcends other representation categories. The maternal athletic body affirms conservative values and contributes to the aspirations of nation-building through both reproduction and elite sporting success.
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Ramadhan, Muhammad Gilang, Amung Ma'mun, Nuryadi, and Tite Juliantine. "Analysis of community sports development based on the sports law for development through sports." Journal Sport Area 7, no. 3 (December 11, 2022): 380–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.25299/sportarea.2022.vol7(3).10552.
Abstract:
This study aims to examine the implementation of community sports development policies in the context of the "development through sport" paradigm. National development through sports in accordance with the mandate of the Sports Law can be started through community sports which are the basis for the goals of developing the sport itself. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. This research was conducted in West Java Province using a purposive sampling technique referring to the high sports achievements achieved at the National Sports Week, but it is still low in the sports development index. Interviews, documentation studies, and observations were carried out in the data collection process. To analyze the data collected, we devised seven indicators that are based on the essence of the sports law of the community sports section. The results of this study found that the implementation of the community sports development policy that was implemented was close to conformity with what was stated in the sports law. However, there are still inequalities in some aspects. This happens because there is still a lack of understanding from the government as policy makers, as well as the community as a group affected by the implementation of policies of the importance of sport as an instrument of national development. Therefore, sports policy makers must act immediately in providing solutions to evaluate policies that will be implemented in the future.
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Silva Dias, Teresa, Katerina Novotná, Helder Zimmermann Oliveira, Carlos Azevedo, Nuno Corte-Real, Pavel Slepička, and António Manuel Fonseca. "Why talented athletes drop out from sport? The Portuguese and Czech case." Education + Training 60, no. 5 (June 11, 2018): 473–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/et-12-2017-0207.
Abstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to perceive the perspective of Portuguese and Czech’ talented athletes regarding: the main reasons pointed to drop out of sport, putting into analysis motivational factors; the conciliation of School and Sport, and how the organization of schools and sports contexts are articulated in relation to the training and promotion of students, athletes and citizens; and the contributions (positive/negative) of sports to daily life and society. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a qualitative approach to interview eight talented athletes from different sports that had to drop out the practice of sport and explores their narratives regarding experiences and the relational dynamics between sports contexts and schools. Findings Athletes identify factors that led to drop out: the coach profile or the methodology and dynamics of practicing/training; time consuming; and the impossibility of reconciling sports with school/job. Athletes can identify the sport’s culture, self-development and health being as positive contributions of sports, whereas injuries were referred as the main negative factor of sport. As proposal of changes, athletes referred to the need of a more professional organization of the sport contexts and to more proximity between school policies and sport policies allowing conciliating both. Research limitations/implications One limitation that could be pointed to this research is the difference between the Czech and Portuguese socio-cultural and political situation, not only in the concept and organization of sports activities (since scholar years) but also in the general society. This difference could have more visibility when interpreting the data that led to this fact referred above. Practical implications It is recommended a more proximity relationship between researchers and the contexts of practice (sport contexts) being that it is important that these contexts should have feedback from the investigations carried out. Only in this way coaches, federations and confederations can be aware of the motivational factors that lead to talented athletes drop out, and make a greater investment in initial formation of the coaches and propose policies that try to establish partnerships with schools or professional contexts which could help the management of athletes’ times outside of sport. Originality/value Departing from the athletes’ feelings, concerns and motivations related to sport and the reasons that led to their drop out, we argue for the definition of public policies, in both countries, that promote non-discrimination of young people who wish to maintain a path linked to sports in articulation with other areas of their lives.
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Kossowska, Anna. "An Album of Sports Photography as a Treatise on "The Philosophy Of Sports"." Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research 46, no. 1 (December 1, 2009): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10141-009-0002-4.
Abstract:
An Album of Sports Photography as a Treatise on "The Philosophy Of Sports"The text discusses some attempts to present the most essential characteristics of sport with the use of selected photos showing human situations in different sports disciplines. Two albums are reviewed: the first one offering a more psychological aspect of sports processes, and the other focused more on the dramatic tension in sports and the challenges sport poses for the man. Composing such selected collections of photos is a significant method for presenting an image of sport as an organic cultural entity.
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Daukilas, Sigitas, Kristina Kovalčikienė, and Lina Baltakienė. "HEDONIC AND EUDAIMONIC VALUES IN SPORT PARTICIPATION OF THE YOUTH." Management Theory and Studies for Rural Business and Infrastructure Development 39, no. 4 (December 27, 2017): 409–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/mts.2017.28.
Abstract:
The aim of this study is to present the hedonic and eudaimonic value preferences for the youth Lithuanian participants and non-participants in sport. Participants of this study were 345 school children, 16–18 years of age. Self-report questionnaire consisted of S. H. Schwartz’s Value Survey, questions about socio-demographic characteristics, information about activity in sports and questions about expectations of the career in sport. The results revealed that eudaimonic values are more expressed in females than males. Secondly, young people that are participating in sports have more strongly expressed values compared to non-participants, and also, engagement in sport’s activities is driven by both – eudaimonic and hedonic values. Finally, expectations of young people’s career in sport are associated with personal growth and development (the eudemonic approach), as well as achievement and recognition (the hedonic approach). The implications for interventions are discussed.
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Medvedev, A. V. "POLITICS AND SPORTS: modern problems." Scientific and educational basics in physical culture and sports, no. 2 (October 20, 2023): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.57006/2782-3245-2023-10-2-29-34.
Abstract:
Relevance. In the modern world, there is an unprecedented use of sports to solve political problems, in particular, we are talking about sanctions against Russian sports. In these conditions, it becomes obvious that the widely used slogan "sport outside politics" does not reflect the entire palette of real connections and relations between politics and sports, which, in turn, actualizes the problem of the relationship between these two phenomena of the social structure of society. The system of relations between politics and sports is multifaceted and diverseThe purpose of the research is to identify the similarities and differences between politics and sports in the modern world, to show their impact on the world of art.Methods and organization of research. It is possible to distinguish sports policy, sports policy, the tasks of self-promotion of sports, as well as those forms when sport acts as a means of forming the image of the state, and finally, the conscious use of sport as a lever for solving specific conjunctural problems of our time. It is this aspect that requires a revision of the "sport outside politics" provision.Conclusions. The realities of today's reality indicate that defending the position of "sport outside politics" requires revision. Moreover, this becomes obvious in modern conditions, when sport becomes an important element of mass culture
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Herold, David M., Tim Breitbarth, Nico Schulenkorf, and Sebastian Kummer. "Sport logistics research: reviewing and line marking of a new field." International Journal of Logistics Management 31, no. 2 (October 2, 2019): 357–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlm-02-2019-0066.
Abstract:
Purpose Although logistics management is a crucial part of local and global sports events, there is no research-driven characterization of “sports logistics management”. The purpose of this paper is to conceptualize a framework that allows for a more structured recognition of logistics in sports, in general, and sport event management, in particular. In addition, we conduct a systematic literature review of sports logistics management and locate opportunities for future research both for sports management and logistics management scholars. Design/methodology/approach Guided by Durach et al.’s (2017) systematic literature review approach, we identify key attributes and characteristics of sports logistics management. These are based on studies featuring at least partial aspects of logistics management in sports and sport events, and that were published between 2000 and mid-2019. Findings The study reveals that sports logistics management – meaning logistics activities in sports and sport event management – is a heavily under-researched area that provides an abundance of scientific opportunities. Based on the three sport event types of local/regional sport events, major sport events and mega sport events, the authors propose four sports logistics management pillars that are central to the proposed Sport Logistics Framework: venue logistics management, sports equipment logistics management, athletes logistics management, and fan and spectators logistics management. Practical implications By providing a conceptual framework for sports logistics, the authors progress towards informing the sport sector on relevant strategic and operational levels of logistics management and set the stage for empirical studies that are likely to advance sport logistics planning and management. Originality/value This is the first study that builds on a systematic review of literature specifically focused on the logistics aspect in sports and sport event management. It provides a conceptual framework of sports logistics management and offers an agenda of future research opportunities.
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Kiani, Mohammad Saeid, and Leila Nazari. "Sports indicators affecting the brand." Quality in Sport 7, no. 4 (November 4, 2022): 7–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/qs.2021.07.04.001.
Abstract:
Objective: The purpose of this study was to present a model of sport indicators affecting the brand of the country. Methodology: This is a correlational study and the statistical population of this study is PhD students in sports in Iran (N = 400). Based on Morgan's table, 144 Individuals were selected by random method. In order to achieve the research goals, a comprehensive list of sports indicators was prepared and adjusted and a researcher - made questionnaire was developed. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by 15 sports management professors and their reliability was in a preliminary study with 30 subjects and Cronbach's alpha was calculated to be 0.909 . Descriptive and inferential statistical methods such as exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis were used to analyze the data using SPSS and LISREL software. Results: The results showed that the main variables have eight general dimensions of sport tourism, sport diplomacy, sports investment, sporting-cultural, sports exports, sports people-sports, sports achievements and media sports, and has a total of 50 indicators. Conclusion:According to the results of the research and the identified indicators, the proposed model is a suitable theoretical model for sport indicators affecting the brand of the country.
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Aknarouss, MOHAMMED LAMINE. "Insurance of Sports Practitioners." Milev Journal of Research and Studies 5, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 226–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.58205/mjrs.v5i2.1137.
Abstract:
This study examined the position of insurance among sports practitioners, given the important role of sport insurance services in our time. That importance is due to accidents and damage in sport, whether these damages occurred due to a sport or a game instrument. Thus, it is necessary for the athlete to have protection. Hence, sports officials and practitioners must search for guarantees of their rights. We came to define the legal texts that would guarantee the athlete's rights and define his duties. Let sports accidents insurance be of great importance in supporting sports activity and reducing the risks of sports, by providing it with a guarantee for all participants in sports activity and the various aspects of this activity. Therefore, the idea of risks had to be accepted, requiring identification and prevention of risks through insurance.
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Hou, Jue, Xiaoxu Yang, and Elliot Panek. "How About Playing Games as a Career? The Evolution of E-Sports in the Eyes of Mainstream Media and Public Relations." International Journal of Sport Communication 13, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsc.2019-0060.
Abstract:
This paper examined the media and public relations coverage of e-sport in China over a 17-yr period, focusing on how the representations of e-sport as a fast-growing industry have changed in China during that time. With the theoretical underpinning of media framing, the study used content analysis and examined 400 e-sport-related reports. Specifically, it investigated the tone of coverage, the topic emphasis of e-sport-related stories, and the use of jargon and statistics in the reports. In general, findings indicated that both mainstream media and public relations gradually covered e-sport issues in a more positive way as time went by. Similar to reporting on traditional sports, the topic emphasis changed from nongame issues to player and team performance in the contemporary climate. The findings highlight the importance of live-streaming platforms in e-sport development and suggest that more traditional-sport-styled media coverage of e-sport might benefit the industry. Finally, the study calls for an evaluation of media e-sport coverage in different cultural contexts and comparisons between e-sport’s and traditional sports’ representation in the contemporary media climate.
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Đurđević, Nenad. "Autonomy in sport - compulsoriness of international sport committees sport rules at a national level." Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta u Splitu 55, no. 2 (April 19, 2018): 289–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.31141/zrpfs.2018.55.128.289.
Abstract:
Establishing rules lies at the heart of sport. Furthermore, it can be said that legal order allows only such sporting activity that is carried out according to defined rules. This is mostly followed by foundation of associations and organisations dedicated to particular sport. Acknowledging sport by the public authorities as a space suitable for autonomous arrangement of sports organisations gives special importance to sports rules. However, in order to have autonomy of sports organisations complementary to the role of public authority in the area of sport, it must be grounded in the principles of democracy, solidarity and good management in sport keeping sport independent of any political or economic manipulation including excessive commercialisation. Since contemporary sport is dominantly based on pyramidal structure or federal system based upon recognised sports associations (federations) organised at national and international level by the principle „one sport – one association“, it is quite understandable that sports rules adopted by sports association ranked at international level on the top of the pyramid have monopolistic position as a support for autonomous functioning of whole system of particular sport, as well as considerable limiting factor in making autonomous decisions at lower levels of sports organising. Sports associations use sports rules often followed by serious sanctions to preserve their dominant status. In his paper, the author considers legal nature and legal enforceability of international sports rules at national level for sports organisations, public authorities, as well as judiciary. The author particularly points out to the problem of so-called dynamic addressing to sports rules of international sports associations through statutory provisions of national and lower sports associations and the position of German case-law on impossibility of such way to provide legal obligatoriness of international sports rules at the national level.
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Humphreys, Brad R., and Levi Perez. "Who Bets on Sports? Characteristics of Sports Bettors and the Consequences of Expanding Sports Betting Opportunities." Studies of Applied Economics 30, no. 2 (May 24, 2020): 579. http://dx.doi.org/10.25115/eea.v30i2.3542.
Abstract:
Currently, several proposed changes in sports betting laws are being debated in the United States and the European Union. This article examines the characteristics of sports bettors in three countries, Canada, Spain, and the United Kingdom, to determine who bets on sports in environments where this activity is both legal and popular. Unconditional and conditional analyses find that annual participation rates in sport betting are low, and that sport bettors tend to be young males with relatively high incomes. Sports bettors stand to gain the most from an expansion of legal sports betting opportunities, while the negative impacts of increased access to sports betting are expected to be minimal in the United States and difficult to assess in the European Union.
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Zhao, Bin. "Analysis on the Differences of Body Composition and Maximal Oxygen Uptake between Sports and Non-Sports Male Students." Advanced Materials Research 934 (May 2014): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.934.38.
Abstract:
Purpose: In order to further study the physical differences between sports major and non-sport major male students, and better carry out individualized physical education. Methods: Body composition analyzer and power cycling were used to test body composition and maximal oxygen uptake for sports major and non-sport major male students. Data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0, and compared among the groups by t test. Results: The results showed that the percentage of body fat of sports majors was 10.57 ± 3.07 %, non-sport major male students’ body fat percentage was 17.66 ± 6.28 % (P<0.05), and sports majors male students’ protein content was 13.25 ± 0.64 kg, non-sport major students’ protein content was 10.98 ± 1.15 kg (P<0.05). Sports majors students’ body fluid content and maximal oxygen uptake was significantly higher than non-sport major male students (P<0.05). in addition, other indexes of body composition, sports major students were better than that of non-sport major students, but they showed no significant differences. Conclusion: This study showed that long term training engaged in sports majors students’ protein content, and body fluid content aspects were significantly higher than that of non-sport major male students and aerobic capacity was significantly better than the non-sport major students.
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Rodenburg, Kathleen, Louise Hayes, Lianne Foti, and Ann Pegoraro. "Responsible Leadership in Sport: An Ethical Dilemma." Societies 11, no. 3 (July 23, 2021): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soc11030085.
Abstract:
Sports, apart from providing entertainment, can provide an escape from everyday troubles, a community to belong to, and an opportunity to connect to the wider world. As such, sports have contributed to the unification of people, the development of peace and tolerance, and the empowerment of women and young people globally. However, sports’ widespread popularity has also contributed to “big money” opportunities for sports organizations, sporting venues, athletes, and sponsors that have created an environment riddled with ethical dilemmas that make headlines, resulting in protests and violence, and often leave society more divided. A current ethical dilemma faced by agents associated with the Olympic games serves to demonstrate the magnitude and challenges related to resolving ethical dilemmas in the sport industry. A decision-making framework is applied to this current sport’s ethical dilemma, as an example of how better ethical decision making might be achieved.
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Organista, Natalia, and Zuzanna Mazur. "Guardians of the Hegemonic Structure of Sports? Women’s Sports as Perceived by Polish Female Sports Journalists." Przegląd Socjologii Jakościowej 16, no. 1 (February 29, 2020): 48–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1733-8069.16.1.04.
Abstract:
The under-representation of media coverage of women’s sports has been a long-standing phenomenon, which can also be observed in Poland (Dziubiński, Organista and Mazur 2019; Jakubowska 2015; Kluczyńska 2011). One of the possible reasons for less information on women’s sports is a small number of female sports journalists. Due to the lack of Polish research on female sports journalists, the authors of this article aimed at analyzing their beliefs about women’s sports and the under-representation of media coverage of women’s sports in the Polish media. The analysis has shown that the female journalists perceive women’s sports as inferior to men’s sports and are not in favor of increasing the amount of information about women’s sports. The authors point to the socialization into sport, the professional socialization of the research participants, their minority status in the profession as well as their perception of masculinity, femininity, and professionalism in journalism as possible reasons for the way in which women’s sport is perceived by them.
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Alfejeva, Jeļena. "Sporta jēdziens un tā attiecināšana uz prāta spēlēm." SOCRATES. Rīgas Stradiņa universitātes Juridiskās fakultātes elektroniskais juridisko zinātnisko rakstu žurnāls / SOCRATES. Rīga Stradiņš University Faculty of Law Electronic Scientific Journal of Law 2, no. 11 (2018): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.25143/socr.11.2018.2.81-89.
Abstract:
Tiesību doktore Jeļena Alfejeva skata jaunu tēmu – sporta jēdziena izpratni un tā attiecināšanu uz prāta spēlēm. Autore secina, ka sports ir visu veidu individuālas vai organizētas aktivitātes fiziskās un garīgās veselības saglabāšanai un uzlabošanai un saistīts ar panākumu gūšanu sporta sacensībās. J. Alfejeva uzsver, ka minētā jēdziena izpratne nav viennozīmīga. Doctor of law Jeļena Alfejeva addresses a new topic – understanding the definition of “sport” and its extension to mind games. The author concludes that sport can be understood as diverse individual and group activities with the aim to maintain and improve one’s physical and mental health, and it also aims to gain success in sport competitions. J. Alfejeva stresses that the term is rather ambiguous.
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Ballikaya, Ersin, Murat Korkmaz, and Binnaz Kiran Esen. "Analyzing of Internet Usage Habits of High School Students Doing Sports and Not Doing Sports." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 3, no. 3 (March 22, 2017): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/prosoc.v3i3.1525.
Abstract:
The aim of this research is studying whether there is a difference between the internet usage habits of students doing sports and not doing sports. In addition to this, it is aimed to determine whether internet use habits differentiate in terms of license, the frequency of doing sports and gender. In the study, the students doing sports with license accepted as ‘students doing sports’. 367 female and 315 male (682 in total) students receiving education at 9th, 10th, 11th grades of Anatolian High Schools in central districts of Mersin province participated in this research voluntarily. For this purpose, ‘Internet Usage Habits Scale’ and ‘the self info form of the internet usage and the case of students doing sports or not’ prepared by researchers were applied. The data was analyzed by the SPSS program. T test, one -way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and descriptive statistical methods were used in analysis. Consequently, a significant difference was found out between the internet usage habits of students doing sports and not doing sports. It was studied out that students doing sports have internet usage habits more than students not doing sports. Additively, a significant difference was examined between the average points of internet usage habits of students having sports club licences compared to the students having school licences. It was found out students having sport club licences have internet usage habits highly. It was seen that internet usage habits of students did not differentiate significantly in terms of the frequency of doing sports. On the other hand, it was determined that internet usage habits differentiated in terms of gender; and male students have higher internet usage habits compared to female students.Keywords: sports; internet usage; adolescence;
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Abdi, Kambiz, Mahdi Talebpour, Jami Fullerton, Mohammad Javad Ranjkesh, and Hadi Jabbari Nooghabi. "Converting sports diplomacy to diplomatic outcomes: Introducing a sports diplomacy model." International Area Studies Review 21, no. 4 (October 24, 2018): 365–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2233865918808058.
Abstract:
As sport has become an integral part of society, it has also become a tool for diplomacy around the world. The purpose of this study is to introduce a sports diplomacy model and identify “the critical abilities” for converting sport soft power tools into resources for diplomatic outcomes. The data for this research comprise 30 online surveys completed by international experts in the fields of sports and public diplomacy. The responses were qualitatively analyzed using the fuzzy Delphi method (FDM). After running two rounds of fuzzy Delphi, two main strategies for sports diplomacy emerged—maintaining “official and sports diplomacy solidarity” and using sport figures as “competent cultural ambassadors.” The proposed model includes the most applicable sports diplomacy resources, the most expected diplomatic outcomes, and the major conversion tools (skillful strategies) in the viewpoint of sports and public diplomacy experts. The application of the model finds that states can expect diplomatic outcomes if appropriate sports diplomacy resources and conversion strategies are implemented in an orderly, innovative and accurate manner.
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Mašić, Zoran, and Marko Begović. "CRITERIA FOR THE CLASSIFICATION OF SAFETY IN SPORTS." SPORTICOPEDIA - SMB 1, no. 1 (December 31, 2023): 265–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.58984/smbic2301265m.
Abstract:
Safety management in sports is an extremely important process, which, in addition to looking at the development and reach within sports, also requires continuous monitoring of current situation and changes in society. This mainly refers to those that can have undesirable effects on certain segments of sport or sport as a whole. It is evident that there are numerous classifications of safety in sports according to the criteria of observation. Thus, in accordance with the segment of management in sports, we talk about the safety of sports organizations, facilities and events. In relation to the structure of the theory of sport, the safety of the performers of the sport, the safety during the process in the sport and the conditions of the realization of the sport are recognized. However, it is necessary to emphasize the "basic" division of safety in sports in relation to the origin of risk. According to this criterion, the elementary, one could say the essential division of safety in sports, recognizes unwanted events whose causes are related to specific sports engagement, and "external" ones, for which sports represent a favorable environment for achieving nonsporting goals.
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Naumenko, Yuri. "Sport as a social phenomenon." SHS Web of Conferences 55 (2018): 02023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20185502023.
Abstract:
The purpose of the paper is to develop a theoretical and methodological justification for the pedagogy of sport as an independent direction in the scientific study of general pedagogy. Methods include the analysis of the socio-cultural phenomenon of “sport (sport activity)” using the conceptual provisions of social philosophy, the sociology of labor and the socio-cultural concept of health formative education (Yu. V.Naumenko). Results. The socio-cultural difference of close (but not related) phenomena of “physical culture” and “sport (sports activity)” is substantiated in the paper. A new socio-cultural interpretation of the concepts of “sport (sports activity)”, “sports competitions” and “sports training” as manifestations of the universal human culture is proposed. The content of humanistic, creative and value-regulating functions of sports (sports activity) as a part of the universal culture is revealed. The author describes the person-oriented and the resource-pragmatic attitudes to sport (sports activity) and their manifestation in practice (in particular, in relation to children’s sports). It is proved that the socio-cultural phenomenon of “sport (sports activity)” is a manifestation of labor (professional) activity in the social and humanitarian sphere, which is both a subject to the general laws of labor activity and possesses specific features. The object and subject of studying the pedagogy of sports (sports activity) as an independent direction of general pedagogy are formulated. The research problem and theoretical and practical tasks of sports pedagogy (sports activity) are specified.
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Klenk, Christoffer, Markus Lang, and Dominik Schwizer. "Professionalisation of sports clubs." Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS) 8, no. 2 (February 14, 2023): 030. http://dx.doi.org/10.36950/2023.2ciss030.
Abstract:
Sports clubs play a crucial role as they promote (elite) sport and physical activity and fulfill important societal functions. At the same time, sports clubs are confronted with manifold challenges related to developments in society and sport. Therefore, sports clubs tend to professionalise, a process by which sports clubs transform from volunteer-driven to increasingly business-like organisations (e.g., implement paid work, use management tools, restructure their club) to address these problems. In this symposium - an initiative of the Research Network in Sportmanagement Switzerland - the phenomena of professionalisation will be addressed from multiple perspectives by discussing the triggering causes, the transformative process, and the corresponding consequences with the overall objective of getting a more comprehensive understanding of professionalisation in sports clubs. Mrkonjic addresses good governance and professionalisation of non-profit sport clubs and Stieger et al. analyse professionalisation and its consequences for the governance of sports clubs in semi-professional team sports. Mustafi et al. focus on the transfer market for non-big five soccer clubs of Swiss Super League and Schulz et al. examine expectations of voluntary sports clubs with regard to support services of sports federations.
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Armstrong, Ketra L. "An Examination of the Social Psychology of Blacks’ Consumption of Sport." Journal of Sport Management 16, no. 4 (October 2002): 267–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsm.16.4.267.
Abstract:
Black consumers' general sport attendance is relatively poor; however, their attendance at historically Black college/university (HBCU) sport events is noteworthy. The purpose of this study was to examine how factors such as general perception of sport, psychosocial involvement with HBCU sports, and intensity of ethnic identification influenced Black consumers' (n = 278) attendance at HBCU sports and their general/non-HBCU sport consumption patterns. Descriptive statistics revealed that the respondents attended HBCU sports more frequently than they did any other type of sport events and were also avid consumers of televised sports. Multivariate multiple regression analyses revealed that intensity of ethnic identification and psychosocial involvement with HBCU sports significantly influenced HBCU sports attendance frequency. Moreover, psychosocial involvement with HBCU sports exerted a profound and positive influence on general sport consumption. This study offered an examination of the social psychology that may under gird Blacks' consumption of sport.
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Marčinko Trkulja, Željka, Jasmina Dlačić, and Dinko Primorac. "Exploring the Importance of Consumer Engagement for Successful Sports Club Projects." European Project Management Journal 13, no. 1 (April 2023): 37–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.56889/nkge3785.
Abstract:
A sport management project refers to a venture or an initiative undertaken by a sports organization, team, or club to improve the overall performance and success of their operations. These projects can include a different range of activities, such as developing and implementing new strategies, launching new programs, creating a new fan engagement program to increase support and loyalty, and more. This study examines the influence of sport’s fan engagement on trust, satisfaction, and loyalty in sports club social networks. Our findings suggest that both fan identification with the sports club's brand and motivation play significant roles in determining the level of engagement. Specifically, we have found that consumers who have a strong identification with the club and are extrinsically motivated to engage with the club's social network exhibit higher levels of trust, satisfaction, and loyalty. These results underscore the importance of fostering a strong sense of identification and motivation among fans in order to promote positive consumer attitudes towards sports club social networks. The paper provides recommendations for sports club marketing managers on how to use social networks to improve project’s success.