Journal articles: 'Sports prosthesis'

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Curran, Sarah A., and David K. Lyle. "Adaptive Sports Ankle Prosthetics." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 36, no. 3 (August 22, 2012): 370–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364612453249.

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Participating in sport at all levels is gaining a dedicated following and this is also apparent in individuals with an amputation. Currently, there is a wide variety of ankle prostheses available which attempt to provide function, control, and comfort, as well as good aesthetic appeal. Participation in sport, however, increases the demands placed upon ankle prostheses. This can compromise function and performance, and constrain the opportunities of participation in various outdoor and water sports. In acknowledging this limitation and the need to develop more versatile ankle prostheses, this article introduces the evolution of a prototype ankle prosthesis referred to as “ Adaptive Sports Ankle.” The ankle prosthesis, which is compatible with any foot pyramid adapter, offers the same range of motion as the normal human ankle joint and is made up of components that are chemical and corrosion resistant. These design features that are specifically created to accommodate below-the-knee amputees provide an ideal prosthesis for those wishing to lead an active lifestyle and participate in aquatic (i.e. swimming, surfing, and scuba diving), snowboarding, and equestrian activities. Although it is acknowledged that there is a need to establish research on the Adaptive Sports Ankle, its introduction to the market will enhance and expand opportunities of those individuals with a lower limb amputation to lead an active and healthy lifestyle. Clinical relevance The introduction of the Adaptive Sports Ankle Prosthesis provides versatility in terms of motion of the device and robust material. Although in its infancy, clinicians should be aware of the potential of this product for individuals who have had a below-the-knee amputation and express a desire to participate in water sports and other outdoor activities.

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Bragaru, Mihai, Rienk Dekker, and Jan HB Geertzen. "Sport prostheses and prosthetic adaptations for the upper and lower limb amputees: an overview of peer reviewed literature." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 36, no. 3 (August 22, 2012): 290–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364612447093.

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Background:Sport prostheses are used by both upper- and lower-limb amputees while participating in sports and other physical activities. Although the number of these devices has increased over the past decade, no overview of the peer reviewed literature describing them has been published previously. Such an overview will allow specialists to choose appropriate prostheses based on available scientific evidence rather than on personal experience or preference.Objective:To provide an overview of the sport prostheses as they are described by the papers published in peer reviewed literature.Study Design:Literature review.Methods:Four electronic databases were searched using free text and Medical Subject Headings (MESH) terms. Papers were included if they concerned a prosthesis or a prosthetic adaptation used in sports. Papers were excluded if they did not originate from peer reviewed sources, if they concerned prostheses for body parts other than the upper or lower limbs, if they concerned amputations distal to the wrist or ankle, or if they were written in a language other than English.Results:Twenty-four papers were included in this study. The vast majority contained descriptive data and consisted of expert opinions and technical notes.Conclusion:Data concerning the energy efficiency, technical characteristics and special mechanical properties of prostheses or prosthetic adaptations for sports, other than running, are scarce.Clinical relevanceAn overview of the peer reviewed literature will enable rehabilitation specialists working with amputees to choose a prosthesis that best suits their patients’ expectations on the available scientific evidence. Identifying the information gaps present in the peer reviewed literature will stimulate new research and eventually broaden the base of scientific knowledge.

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Ju, Naan, Kyu-Hye Lee, Myoung-Ok Kim, and Youngjin Choi. "A User-Driven Approach to Prosthetic Upper Limb Development in Korea." Healthcare 9, no. 7 (July 2, 2021): 839. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9070839.

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Despite recent significant advances in technology and medicine, the number of patients who undergo amputation of body parts for various reasons continues to increase. Assistive devices such as prosthetic arms can enable limited activities in upper limb amputees and improve their quality of life. This study aims to help in the development of user-centered prosthetics by identifying user requirements and key considerations during selection of prosthetics. This study conducted a questionnaire survey after obtaining prior consent for persons with disabilities with upper limb amputation who visited orthosis companies, rehabilitation centers for the disabled, veteran’s hospitals, and labor welfare corporations. A modified questionnaire was conducted to upper limb prosthetic users and results were analysed using descriptive statistics and t-test. Results of the study showed that the main reasons for discontinuing the use of prosthetics were discomfort (discomfort in wear, weight, and difficulty of detachment) and complaints regarding design and function. Regardless of the prosthesis type, the color and design of the prosthesis were key considerations in prosthesis choices. Respondents indicated that they needed various prostheses designed according to the purpose and situation, such as for sports like golf and cycling as well as everyday use. Most of the respondents answered that buttoning shirts, tying knots, and using chopsticks were challenging or impossible to do on their own. Based on the results of this study, the quality of life of upper limb amputees can be improved if a prosthetic arm with various functions that can satisfy both the user’s needs and wants is developed.

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Kyberd, Peter J., and Wendy Hill. "Survey of upper limb prosthesis users in Sweden, the United Kingdom and Canada." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 35, no. 2 (June 2011): 234–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364611409099.

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Background: As part of the process of improving prosthetic arms, it is important to obtain the opinions of the user population.Objectives: To identify factors that should be focused on to improve prosthesis provision.Study design: Postal questionnaire.Methods: The questionnaire was sent to 292 adults (aged 18 to 70 years) with upper-limb loss or absence at five centres (four in Europe) Participants were identified as regular attendees of the centres.Results: This questionnaire received a response from 180 users (response rate 62%) of different types of prosthetic devices. Responses showed that the type of prosthesis generally used was associated with gender, level of loss and use for work (Pearson chi-square, p-values below 0.05). The type of prosthesis was not associated with cause, side, usage (length per day, sports or driving) or reported problems. The findings did not identify any single factor requiring focus for the improvement of prostheses or prosthetic provision.Conclusions: Every part of the process of fitting a prosthesis can be improved, which will have an effect for some of the population who use their devices regularly. There is, however, no single factor that would bring greater improvement to all users.Clinical relevance Based on information gained from a broad range of prosthesis users, no single aspect of prosthetic provision will have a greater impact on the use of upper limb prostheses than any other. Efforts to improve the designs of prosthetic systems can cover any aspect of provision.

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Dyer, Bryce, and Howard Woolley. "Development of a high-performance transtibial cycling-specific prosthesis for the London 2012 Paralympic Games." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 41, no. 5 (December 20, 2016): 498–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364616682386.

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Background and Aim: It has been reported that cycling-specific research relating to participants with an amputation is extremely limited in both volume and frequency. However, practitioners might participate in the development of cycling-specific prosthetic limbs. This technical note presents the development of a successful design of a prosthetic limb developed specifically for competitive cycling. Technique: This project resulted in a hollow composite construction which was low in weight and shaped to reduce a rider’s aerodynamic drag. Discussion: The new prosthesis reduces the overall mass of more traditional designs by a significant amount yet provides a more aerodynamic shape over traditional approaches. These decisions have yielded a measurable increase in cycling performance. While further refinement is needed to reduce the aerodynamic drag as much as possible, this project highlights the benefits that can exist by optimising the design of sports-specific prosthetic limbs. Clinical relevance This project resulted in the creation of a cycling-specific prosthesis which was tailored to the needs of a high-performance environment. Whilst further optimisation is possible, this project provides insight into the development of sports-specific prostheses.

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Smith, Jeremy D., and Philip E. Martin. "Effects of Prosthetic Mass Distribution on Metabolic Costs and Walking Symmetry." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 29, no. 3 (June 2013): 317–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.29.3.317.

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Unilateral, transtibial amputees exhibit walking asymmetries and higher metabolic costs of walking than nonamputees walking at similar speeds. Using lightweight prostheses has previously been suggested as a contributing factor to walking asymmetries. The purpose was to investigate the effects of prosthesis mass and mass distribution on metabolic costs and walking asymmetries among six unilateral, transtibial amputees. Kinematic and temporal symmetry did not improve when mass was added at different locations on the limb. Stance and swing time asymmetries increased by 3.4% and 7.2%, respectively, with loads positioned distally on the limb. Maximum knee angular velocity asymmetries increased by 6% with mass added to the thigh, whereas maximum thigh angular velocity asymmetries increased by approximately 10% with mass positioned near the prosthetic ankle. Adding 100% of the estimated mass difference between intact and prosthetic legs to the ankle of the prosthesis increased energy costs of walking by 12%; adding the same mass to the prosthesis center of mass or thigh center of mass increased metabolic cost by approximately 7% and 5%, respectively. Unless other benefits are gained by increasing prosthesis mass, this should not be considered as a possible alternative to current lightweight prosthesis designs currently being prescribed to unilateral amputees.

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Carey, Stephanie L., Matthew M. Wernke, Derek J. Lura, Jason T. Kahle, Rajiv V. Dubey, and M. Jason Highsmith. "Golf hand prosthesis performance of transradial amputees." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 39, no. 3 (February 25, 2014): 244–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364614523979.

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Background: Typical upper limb prostheses may limit sports participation; therefore, specialized terminal devices are often needed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of transradial amputees to play golf using a specialized terminal device. Case description and methods: Club head speed, X-factor, and elbow motion of two individuals with transradial amputations using an Eagle Golf terminal device were compared to a non-amputee during a golf swing. Measurements were collected pre/post training with various stances and grips. Findings and outcomes: Both prosthesis users preferred a right-handed stance initially; however, after training, one preferred a left-handed stance. The amputees had slower club head speeds and a lower X-factor compared to the non-amputee golfer, but increased their individual elbow motion on the prosthetic side after training. Conclusion: Amputees enjoyed using the device, and it may provide kinematic benefits indicated by the increase in elbow flexion on the prosthetic side. Clinical relevance The transradial amputees were able to swing a golf club with sufficient repetition, form, and velocity to play golf recreationally. Increased elbow flexion on the prosthetic side suggests a potential benefit from using the Eagle Golf terminal device. Participating in recreational sports can increase amputees’ health and quality of life.

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OKINO, Atsuo. "About Sports (for Running) Prosthesis." Journal of the Japan Society for Precision Engineering 85, no. 1 (January 5, 2019): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2493/jjspe.85.11.

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Dyer, Bryce, Philip Sewell, Siamak Noroozi, Sabi Redwood, Shelley Broomfield, and Andrew Callaway. "Sprint prostheses used at the Paralympics: a proposal for an assessment method to maintain fairness." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 36, no. 3 (August 22, 2012): 306–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364612446651.

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Background: Unique to sport with a disability such as those performed at the Paralympics, the need to improve the performance of lower limb prostheses can conflict with the need to provide an equal opportunity to win whilst still needing to encourage and maximise participation. Objectives: This paper extends previous research by attempting to propose a method suitable for sports governing bodies to help any functional assessment of sprinting lower limb prosthesis technology in the future. Study Design: The study comprises two elements: 1) A historical review and evaluation of drop jump assessment techniques. 2) A pilot test of a candidate using two mechanically different lower limb regions. Methods: A unilateral drop jump technique is assessed historically as an evaluation technique for sprinters with a lower-limb amputation. Further, a unilateral drop jump using mechanically altered lower limbs is piloted. Results: The historical review provides no evidence to suggest that this technique is not suitable for athlete participants. The pilot trials show a statistically stable and repeatable method of demonstrating a mechanical deficiency of one limb to another. Six jumps are suitable to obtain stable results but the mechanical behaviour of one limb may eventually change based on accumulated fatigue. Conclusions: The unilateral drop jump is shown to be viable for application to an athlete population with a lower limb unilateral amputation. Clinical relevance This paper develops previous sports stakeholder research and pilots an assessment strategy to provide a functional limb-to-limb comparison of the same lower limb region. This would potentially be used by both prosthetists and the sport’s governing body to help maintain fairness in the sport as prosthesis technology develops.

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Surace, A., and A. M. Previtera. "Proposal for Hip Prosthesis with Stress-Breaker." HIP International 2, no. 1 (January 1992): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/112070009200200103.

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The Authors, taking into account the fact that hip prosthetic implant mobilization frequently occurs due to excessive stress exerted on bone-prosthesis interface, suggest using prosthesis having stress-breakers, capable in reducing the loads exerted on the implant. There are some hip prosthesis in design which have a descharge force system in the cotyloid, in the neck and in the prosthetic stem. Some technical problems are not yet solved, expecially concerning the wear and tear, the friction and the lubrication of the stress-breakers.

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Boucher, Henry R., Lew C. Schon, Brent Parks, Jay Kleeman, Warren R. Dunn, Thanos Badekas, Kenneth Noll, and Eyal Melamed. "A Biomechanical Study of Two Postoperative Prostheses for Transtibial Amputees: A Custom-Molded and a Prefabricated Adjustable Pneumatic Prosthesis." Foot & Ankle International 23, no. 5 (May 2002): 452–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107110070202300514.

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We evaluated an adjustable pneumatic prefabricated prosthesis and a rigid custom-molded prosthesis for immediate postoperative use. Twelve transtibial amputations were performed on cadaver limbs. Differential variable reluctance transducers were placed subcutaneously across the wound edge medially and laterally. The limbs were then placed in either the pneumatic prosthesis (five limbs) or the rigid prosthesis (seven limbs). The specimens underwent static and cyclic loading to simulate weight bearing. The strain readings for static and cyclic loading were greater in the rigid prosthetic group. Only the mean medial strain measurement after cyclic loading was statistically significant. The results demonstrate that the pneumatic prosthesis places less strain across the wound than a rigid prosthesis.

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Makimoto, Atsushi, Yoko Sano, Satoru Hashizume, Akihiko Murai, Yoshiyuki Kobayashi, Hiroshi Takemura, and Hiroaki Hobara. "Ground Reaction Forces During Sprinting in Unilateral Transfemoral Amputees." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 33, no. 6 (December 1, 2017): 406–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.2017-0008.

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Understanding the characteristics of ground reaction forces (GRFs) on both limbs during sprinting in unilateral amputees wearing running-specific prostheses would provide important information that could be utilized in the evaluation of athletic performance and development of training methods in this population. The purpose of this study was to compare GRFs between intact and prosthetic limbs during sprinting in unilateral transfemoral amputees wearing running-specific prostheses. Nine sprinters with unilateral transfemoral amputation wearing the same type of prosthesis performed maximal sprinting on a 40-m runway. GRFs were recorded from 7 force plates placed in the center of the runway. Peak forces and impulses of the GRFs in each direction were compared between limbs. Peak forces in vertical, braking, propulsive, and medial directions were significantly greater in intact limbs than those in prosthetic limbs, whereas there were no significant differences in peak lateral force between limbs. Further, significantly less braking impulses were observed in prosthetic limbs than in intact limbs; however, the other measured impulses were not different between limbs. Therefore, the results of the present study suggest that limb-specific rehabilitation and training strategies should be developed for transfemoral amputees wearing running-specific prostheses.

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Cheng, Cheng-Kung, Jiann-Jong Liau, Chun-Hsiung Huang, Ye-Ming Lee, and Shan-Chang Chueh. "How to Define the Contact Point of the Tibiofemoral Joint of the Prosthesis in In-Vitro Biomechanical Testing." Journal of Musculoskeletal Research 02, no. 03 (September 1998): 237–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218957798000238.

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No standard method has been provided to define the contact point of the tibiofemoral joint of the total knee prosthesis. Our objective was to estimate the contact point of the tibiofemoral joint in in vitro biomechanical testing of the total knee prosthesis. Three commercial knee prostheses were used for testing. We applied compression loads and used Fuji-prescale films to measure the contact areas at different flexion angles (0°, 10°, 30°, and 60°). The contact point was calculated when the maximum contact configuration was achieved. We used a sensitivity analysis and digital image analysis of the Fuji-prescale film to find the contact point at different flexion angles. From the results, we found that the contact points of the 3 prostheses were all approximately at 30%–60% of the depth of the tibial plateau dimension relative to the posterior edge and symmetrically relative to the midline of the mediolaterial width. All three prostheses had the same tendency in which the contact point first moved anteriorly during 0° to 10° flexion, and then moved more posteriorly after 10° flexion. The present method using the maximum contact area to estimate the contact point for different flexion angles, should be applicable for in vitro biomechanical evaluation of the total knee prosthesis.

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Mineo, G., and A. Surace. "Endurance and Future of Total Hip Replacement: 10 Years of Experience." HIP International 3, no. 1 (January 1993): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/112070009300300105.

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The Authors have revaluated 613 primary THA implants performed in a ten year period from 1982 to 1992, with respect to age, gender, diagnosis, kind of prosthesis, surgical and fixation technique. In this group, considering the failure of THA with exchange of one or both prosthetic components or permanent prosthesis extraction, 19 THA were revised.

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ASANO, Ken, Kazunori HASE, Yuichiro HAYASHI, Goro OBINATA, and Yanling PEI. "OS1410 Coefficient of Restitution of Sports Prosthesis." Proceedings of Conference of Kanto Branch 2016.22 (2016): _OS1410–1_—_OS1410–2_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmekanto.2016.22._os1410-1_.

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YAMANAKA, Shunji, Mariko HIGAKI, Yuki TSUJI, Gaku NEGISHI, Hideka SUZUKI, Yusuke KAMIYAMA, Mitsuru MURAMATSU, et al. "B19 Introduction of Design in Sports Prosthesis." Proceedings of the Symposium on sports and human dynamics 2010 (2010): 282–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeshd.2010.282.

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Major, Matthew J., José L. Zavaleta, and Steven A. Gard. "Does Decreasing Below-Knee Prosthesis Pylon Longitudinal Stiffness Increase Prosthetic Limb Collision and Push-Off Work During Gait?" Journal of Applied Biomechanics 35, no. 5 (October 1, 2019): 312–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.2019-0043.

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Investigations have begun to connect leg prosthesis mechanical properties and user outcomes to optimize prosthesis designs for maximizing mobility. To date, parametric studies have focused on prosthetic foot properties, but not explicitly longitudinal stiffness that is uniquely modified through shock-absorbing pylons. The linear spring function of these devices might affect work performed on the body center of mass during walking. This study observed the effects of different levels of pylon stiffness on individual limb work of unilateral below-knee prosthesis users walking at customary and fast speeds. Longitudinal stiffness reductions were associated with minimal increase in prosthetic limb collision and push-off work, but inconsistent changes in sound limb work. These small and variable changes in limb work did not suggest an improvement in mechanical economy due to reductions in stiffness. Fast walking generated greater overall center of mass work demands across stiffness conditions. Results indicate limb work asymmetry as the prosthetic limb experienced on average 61% and 36% of collision and push-off work, respectively, relative to the sound limb. A series-spring model to estimate residuum and pylon stiffness effects on prosthesis energy storage suggested that minimal changes to limb work may be due to influences of the residual limb which dominate the system response.

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Zamudio-Palacios, Jhonnatan Eduardo, Daniel Guzmán, Natalia Sánchez, Oscar L. Mosquera, Daniel A. Botero, Oscar Rubiano, José A. García, Cristhian C. García, and Juan C. Valencia. "Finite Element Analysis of a Transtibial Prosthesis for a Paralympic Cyclist." INGENIERÍA Y COMPETITIVIDAD 22, no. 2 (May 26, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.25100/iyc.v22i2.8706.

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Nowadays, finite element analysis techniques are employed are used to reduce costs in the manufacturing process of sports prostheses. This study particularly focuses on the finite element analysis of a design for a transtibial prosthesis of a paralympic cyclist, in which integrated the biomechanics of an athlete with amputation in both legs below the knee with two prostheses categorized before the Union Cycling International (UCI) with a disability of degree C-3, considering the characteristics of the terrain and the dynamic model. The analysis by means of finite elements aims to evaluate the static and dynamic behavior of the proposed design when subjected to a competition in the track-cycling category. As a result of this analysis, mechanical aspects such as: static forces, buckling, frequency, fatigue, free fall, impact and aerodynamics can be evaluated, allowing to verify that the design of the proposed transtibial prosthesis meets an suitable aerodynamic profile and its mechanical characteristics to be used in a high performance Paralympic cycling competition.

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Vervest, T. M. J. S., W. H. J. C. Van Heeswijk, P. G. Anderson, and J. Van Limbeek. "Bone mineral density 10 years after a Zweymüller uncemented stem prosthesis." HIP International 13, no. 4 (October 2003): 205–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/112070000301300402.

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The effect of a Zweymüller uncemented stem prosthesis on the long-term bone remodelling of femoral bone was examined using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Thirty-two patients (11 males, 21 females) with a unilateral prosthesis (18 Hochgezogen and 14 Stepless) were scanned at an average of 129.8 months after the initial operation. The average follow-up Harris Hip Score was 93.7: ten patients were classified as Charnley Class A, two patients as class B and 20 patients as class C. The group as a whole showed a moderate activity level and most patients were satisfied with the result of the operation. All stem prostheses were osseo-integrated. The non-operated contralateral femur was used as a control for the bone mineral density (BMD) changes in the femur around the prosthesis. A decrease of bone mineral density on the prosthesis side was found at the region of the calcar femoris, without any clinical decline or any radiographic anomalies.

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Simmelink, Elisabeth K., Gerardus M. Rommers, Jean W. M. Gardeniers, and Henk Zijlstra. "Prosthetic fitting in a patient with a transtibial amputation due to a congenital vascular malformation of the right leg." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 38, no. 2 (August 28, 2013): 167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364613496110.

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Background: The problems of prescribing a prosthesis for a young girl with severe congenital vascular malformation deformity leading to a transtibial amputation. Case description and methods: Due to the high risk of recurrent bleeding and limitations regarding full weight bearing of the stump, a normal socket fitting process was not possible. Using a multidisciplinary approach, a prosthesis was designed to enable full weight bearing in a flexed knee position with ischial tuberosity support to prevent full weight bearing on the tibial part of the stump. Findings and outcomes: After training and adjustments to the design, a definitive prosthesis with a free motion mechanical knee joint could be used. During the training with this prosthesis, no skin problems were observed, and at the end of the rehabilitation, the patient had a high level of activities of daily living and sports. Conclusion: The above prosthetic solution with an adjusted socket design proved to be successful in this case. Clinical relevance In a patient with severe congenital vascular malformation deformity leading to a transtibial amputation, fitting of a good prosthesis without full weight bearing of the stump proved to be successful.

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Rodríguez-Lelis, José María, Dagoberto Tolosa Mata, Marciano Vargas-Treviño, José Navarro-Torres, Gilberto Piña-Piña, and Arturo Abundez-Pliego. "A Morlet Wavelet Signal Analysis with a Daubechies Filter for the Wear Assessment of Hip Prostheses Coated with Diamond-Like Carbon by Triboadhesion." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 26, no. 3 (August 2010): 273–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.26.3.273.

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In the present work, based on high frequency wavelet analysis of dynamic signals of mechanical systems, a multiple-resolution wavelet analysis is carried out, to the signal obtained from an accelerometer mounted on the structure of a hip prosthesis wearing test device. The prostheses employed had a femoral head made of aluminum oxide and the acetabular cup of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene. The first two aluminum oxide femoral heads were coated with diamond-like carbon and a third one was tested without coating and used as a reference. The coating was carried out by triboadhesion. Tests results showed that maximum vibration amplitude reached after 32 hr for the coated prostheses was 0.2g. The noncoated prosthesis amplitude presented was 0.75gin the same time interval. These values were attributed to wear damage on the surface of the prostheses, indicating that thin film DLC coating caused an increase of stiffness on the surface and therefore an increase in wear resistance approximately of 314%.

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HARASAWA, Shinji, and Nobuharu MIMURA. "Optimization of the shape of the sports prosthesis." Proceedings of the Symposium on sports and human dynamics 2020 (2020): C—5–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeshd.2020.c-5-1.

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Diaz-Ledezma, Claudio, Javad Parvizi, Yixin Zhou, Valentin Antoci, Paul Ducheyne, Andrew Freiberg, Gustavo Garcia Rangel, et al. "Prosthesis Selection." Journal of Arthroplasty 29, no. 2 (February 2014): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arth.2013.09.039.

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Wegmann, Kilian, Nadine Ott, Tim F. Leschinger, Andreas Harbrecht, Lars P. Müller, and Michael Hackl. "Prosthetic replacement of the radial head." Obere Extremität 15, no. 4 (September 9, 2020): 310–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11678-020-00595-9.

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Abstract Background Radial head replacement is an established option in patients with comminuted radial head fractures and complex elbow trauma. While studies demonstrated that asymptomatic radiolucencies around the stem are common, the incidence and clinical significance of bone loss at the proximal part of the radius, just distal to the neck of the prosthesis (collar resorption), is unknown. Objectives The aim of this retrospective study was to analyse the incidence of collar resorption after radial head replacement and investigate whether this correlates with specific patient characteristics such as gender, age, indication for index surgery and the size of implant used. Materials and methods The study group consisted of 30 patients (average age 60.1 years) having undergone prosthetic replacement with a monopolar press-fit implant of the radial head at an average follow-up of 23 months. Indications for surgery included trauma sequelae or revision in 16 patients and acute, unreconstructable fractures of the radial head in 14 cases. Symptoms of loosening and revision surgery were recorded. Radiographs were analysed for signs of lucency between the bone and the implant as well as for signs of resorption of bone mass around the neck (section 1). These values were correlated with age, gender, indication for index surgery and size of implant. Results In all, 28/30 (93.3%) prostheses showed proximal osteolysis around the neck of the shaft. Of the 30, one prosthesis presented signs of shaft loosening. The average amount of osteolysis was 8.78% (range 0–26.1%; ±6.0%) of the overall length of the prosthetic shaft (OL). There was no significant difference (p = 0.49) between the amount of resorption in section 1 between the primary fracture cases (8.75 ± 4.5%; range 1.2–15.8%) and the group of secondary implantations due to degeneration or fracture sequelae (8.8 ± 7.2%; range 0–26.1%). Furthermore, the analysis did not reveal any statistically relevant correlations between the amount of neck resorption and the other cohort characteristics (age, gender, size of the components). Conclusions In the study cohort, a high amount of osteolysis/bone resorption was assessed around the neck of the press-fit radial head prosthesis used. However, no significant correlation between collar resorption, patient demographics and indication for index surgery was found at short-term follow-up.

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Gutierrez, Pedro R., and Manuel Herrera Lara. "Giannini Prosthesis for Flatfoot." Foot & Ankle International 26, no. 11 (November 2005): 918–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107110070502601104.

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Background: To determine the clinical and radiographic results of arthroereisis using the Giannini endo-orthotic implant for the treatment of pediatric flatfoot deformity, we retrospectively evaluated 37 patients (65 feet). Methods: Twenty-two boys and 15 girls were followed for an average of 26.5 months. Their overall average age was 9.4 (range 5 to 14) years. Pain, function, participation in sports activity, and the changes in radiographic measurements taken at 3,6, and 12 months and then at 1-year intervals were evaluated. Results: Pain or discomfort decreased from 60% (22 patients) preoperatively to 6% (2 patients) postoperatively. The percentage of normal postoperative footprints was 59% (38 feet) with first-degree flatfoot present in 27 feet (41%). Sports activities were taken up by 19 patients (51%) after surgery. An 8-mm endo-orthotic implant was used in 43 (66%) feet and an Achilles tenotomy was done in 38 feet (59%). The radiographic angles with the greatest degree of correction when compared to preoperative angles were the talar-first metatarsal angle (99%) and the calcaneal-pitch (36%). After placement of the endo-orthotic implant, the talar angle influenced the rest of the radiographic measurements. There was no postoperative deterioration in any of the radiographic angles measured during the monitoring period. Complications occurred in 10.7% of the patients, with postoperative pain being the most frequently reported (6% of patients). There was no infection or local reaction to a foreign body. Removal of the endo-orthotic implant was not done on a routine basis. Conclusion: This operative technique respects the anatomical structure of the foot and produces good clinical and radiographic results.

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Wimalawansa, Sunishka M., Rocio Rodriguez Lopez, Fernando Garcia de Lucas, Luc De Smet, Michael A. Boin, Matthew Dorweiler, and Ilse Degreef. "Salvage of Failed Achilles Tendon Interposition Arthroplasty for DRUJ Instability After Ulnar Head Resection With Aptis Prosthesis." HAND 12, no. 5 (October 28, 2016): 476–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558944716676251.

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Background: Historically, failed conservative treatment for irreparably damaged distal radioulnar joints (DRUJs) is treated via distal ulnar resection or DRUJ fusion; complications include disabling painful convergence of the radius and ulnar stump during lifting Various treatments for radioulnar impingement include distal radioulnar Achilles tendon allograft interpositional arthroplasty. This technique does not adequately prevent radioulnar impingement and we explore an alternative treatment. Methods: We report 7 adult patients who failed Achilles tendon interposition, subsequently treated with Aptis total DRUJ prostheses (mean follow-up, 26 months; range, 7-40). Results: Revision to Aptis prosthesis produced clinically stable DRUJ, improved grip strength and painless lifting capabilities, high patient satisfaction, and no major complications. All returned to daily activities and even recreational sports. Conclusions: Tendon lacks biomechanical features key to the shock-absorbing function of cartilage—features it cannot deliver when used to prevent radioulnar convergence. We report Aptis DRUJ prosthesis as an alternative to the tendon allograft technique.

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Efe, Turgay, and Jan Schmitt. "Analyses of Prosthesis Stem Failures in Noncemented Modular Hip Revision Prostheses." Journal of Arthroplasty 26, no. 4 (June 2011): 665.e7–665.e12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arth.2010.05.020.

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Ogura, Koichi, Tomohiro Fujiwara, Carol D. Morris, Patrick J. Boland, and John H. Healey. "Long-term competing risks for overall and cause-specific failure of rotating-hinge distal femoral arthroplasty for tumour reconstruction." Bone & Joint Journal 103-B, no. 8 (August 1, 2021): 1405–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.103b8.bjj-2020-2323.r1.

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Aims Rotating-hinge knee prostheses are commonly used to reconstruct the distal femur after resection of a tumour, despite the projected long-term burden of reoperation due to complications. Few studies have examined the factors that influence their failure and none, to our knowledge, have used competing risk models to do so. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors for failure of a rotating-hinge knee distal femoral arthroplasty using the Fine-Gray competing risk model. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 209 consecutive patients who, between 1991 and 2016, had undergone resection of the distal femur for tumour and reconstruction using a rotating-hinge knee prosthesis. The study endpoint was failure of the prosthesis, defined as removal of the femoral component, the tibial component, or the bone-implant fixation; major revision (exchange of the femoral component, tibial component, or the bone-implant fixation); or amputation. Results Multivariate Fine-Gray regression analyses revealed different hazards for each Henderson failure mode: percentage of femoral resection (p = 0.001) and extent of quadriceps muscle resection (p = 0.005) for overall prosthetic failure; extent of quadriceps muscle resection (p = 0.002) and fixation of femoral component (p = 0.011) for type 2 failure (aseptic loosening); age (p = 0.009) and percentage of femoral resection (p = 0.019) for type 3 failure (mechanical failure); and type of joint resection (p = 0.037) for type 4 (infection) were independent predictors. A bone stem ratio of > 2.5 reliably predicted aseptic loosening. Conclusion We identified independent risk factors for overall and cause-specific prosthetic failure after rotating-hinge knee distal femoral arthroplasty using a competing risk Fine-Gray model. A bone stem ratio > 2.5 reliably predicts aseptic loosening. An accurate knowledge of the risks of distal femoral arthroplasty after resection for tumour assists surgical planning and managing patient expectations. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(8):1405–1413.

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Laursen, J. O., N. B. Mossing, and G. Myrthue. "Mid-Term Results with the Porous-Coated Anatomic Hip Prosthesis with 28mm Head. An Eight to Twelve Year Follow-up of 39 Hips." HIP International 13, no. 1 (January 2003): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/112070000301300102.

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In the 1980s, uncemented prostheses were considered advantageous in younger patients. One of the prostheses used in Denmark was the Porous Coated Anatomic (PCA) prosthesis. Follow-up results from Aarhus University Hospital (AaUH) showed progressive osteolysis along the stem at five to seven years, and use of the prosthesis was no longer recommended. We used the PCA prosthesis with a modular 28mm head, and so far our results with patients operated on between 1989 and 1993 do not confirm the negative results published. Thirty-nine consecutive cases were followed prospectively with clinical and radiographic assessment. At the 8–12 year follow-up four patients had undergone revision. Three revisions were for aseptic loosening of the cup at 5, 10 and 12 years, and one was because of thigh pain without radiological signs of loosening at revision. The cumulative survival rate was 95% at five years, 92% at ten years and 85% at twelve years. If we include radiologically loose components, five cups were re-operated or radiographically loose (12.8%) and 4 stems were re-operated or radiographically loose (10.2%). Thus the survival rate at 12 years was 85% and 90% for cup and stem respectively. So far we have not experienced progressive radiographic changes. The difference in results may stem from the fact that we used 28mm heads (versus 32mm heads in the Aarhus series), which allows a more adequate polyethylene thickness and thereby lesser creep of the polyethylene and less polyethylene debris production.

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Maat, Bartjan, Gerwin Smit, Dick Plettenburg, and Paul Breedveld. "Passive prosthetic hands and tools: A literature review." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 42, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364617691622.

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Background: The group of passive prostheses consists of prosthetic hands and prosthetic tools. These can either be static or adjustable. Limited research and development on passive prostheses has been performed although many people use these prosthesis types. Although some publications describe passive prostheses, no recent review of the peer-reviewed literature on passive prostheses is available. Objective: Review the peer-reviewed literature on passive prostheses for replacement of the hand. Study design: Literature review. Methods: Four electronic databases were searched using a Boolean combination of relevant keywords. English-language articles relevant to the objective were selected. Results: In all, 38 papers were included in the review. Publications on passive prosthetic hands describe their users, usage, functionality, and problems in activities of daily living. Publications on prosthetic tools mostly focus on sport, recreation, and vehicle driving. Conclusion: Passive hand prostheses receive little attention in prosthetic research and literature. Yet one out of three people with a limb deficiency uses this type of prosthesis. Literature indicates that passive prostheses can be improved on pulling and grasping functions. In the literature, ambiguous names are used for different types of passive prostheses. This causes confusion. We present a new and clear classification of passive prostheses. Clinical relevance This review provides information on the users of passive prosthetic hands and tools, their usage and the functionality. Passive prostheses receive very little attention and low appreciation in literature. Passive prosthetic hands and tools show to be useful to many unilateral amputees and should receive more attention and higher acceptance.

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Seeger, JB, S. Weinmann, H. Schmitt, T. Bruckner, M. Krueger, and M. Clarius. "The Heidelberg Sports Activity Score - A New Instrument to Evaluate Sports Activity." Open Orthopaedics Journal 7, no. 1 (January 21, 2013): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874325001307010025.

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Objective: An appropriate measuring instrument for assessing if sports activity changes after a surgical treatment is not available yet. We hypothesised that the Heidelberg Sport Activity Score is a valid and adequate instrument for measuring sport activity in patients before and after operative treatment. Design: This retrospective study presents a new score (Heidelberg Sports Activity Score - HAS) for measuring the sport activity in 11 selected sports. Validity, sensitivity and test-retest-reliability have been assessed. Setting: The score includes importance of the sports for patients, impairment of the corresponding joint, and frequency and duration of the sporting activities undertaken. The HAS was validated using 3 criteria: external validation, internal comparison of groups and correlation with the Tegner Score. Patients: A total of 655 patients were recruited for this study. The inclusion criterion was a planned or already received reconstruction (such as a high tibial osteotomy or implantation of a hip or knee prosthesis). The sport activity of these patients was evaluated before and after treatment. Main Outcome Measurement: The mean HAS was 32.1 points preoperatively and 37.0 postoperatively (p=0.017). Results: A high correlation was found between the HAS and the Tegner Score (TS) (r=0.729; p=0.010). The Test-Retest- Reliability was performed within a time interval of 2 weeks and a significant correlation of r=0.752 was found (p<0.01). Sensitivity was analysed using a sample of patients before and after high tibial osteotomy. Conclusions: The HAS is a new, easy to use, effective and valid measuring instrument for the assessment of sports activity in patients before and after operative treatment.

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Leszko, Filip, Richard D. Komistek, Mohamed R. Mahfouz, Yves-Alain Ratron, Thierry Judet, Michel Bonnin, Jean-Alain Colombier, and Sheldon S. Lin. "In Vivo Kinematics of the Salto Total Ankle Prosthesis." Foot & Ankle International 29, no. 11 (November 2008): 1117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3113/fai.2008.1117.

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Background: Recent technological advancements in total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) have included the introduction of the mobile bearing concept. This bearing has several advantages, but researchers have questioned whether or not increased mobility sacrifices joint stability or durability of the implant. The present study evaluated the kinematics of this type of prosthesis implanted in patients. Materials and Methods: Fluoroscopy and 3D-to-2D registration techniques were used to determine the in vivo kinematics for 20 TAA subjects performing two activities: gait and step-up. The motion of the prostheses was described in terms of clinical rotations and as rotation about the helical (screw) axis. Then, the anterior-posterior translation and axial rotation of the mobile bearing insert were determined. Results: Among the clinical rotations, the dorsi-/plantarflexion was the most dominant, revealing the greatest pattern change and the largest magnitude. During gait, the orientation of the prosthetic components changed smoothly from plantarflexion to dorsiflexion. The average range of this motion was 9.2 degrees. For step-up activity, the range was 8.0 degrees. However, between 33% and 66% of stance phase, the talar component's orientation changed from dorsiflexion to plantarflexion. The average absolute range of anterior-posterior translation of the mobile bearing insert was 1.5 mm and 2.3 mm for gait and step-up, respectively. Conclusion: These measured translations were relatively small and may suggest that the rotational portion of the motion was more dominant than translational and provided sufficient mobility. Level of Evidence: IV, Retrospective Case Series

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Lake, Christopher. "Effects of Prosthetic Training on Upper-Extremity Prosthesis Use." JPO Journal of Prosthetics and Orthotics 9, no. 1 (1997): 3???9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008526-199700910-00003.

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Lake, Christopher. "Effects of Prosthetic Training on Upper-Extremity Prosthesis Use." JPO Journal of Prosthetics and Orthotics 9, no. 1 (1997): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008526-199701000-00003.

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Lake, Christopher. "Effects of Prosthetic Training on Upper-Extremity Prosthesis Use." JPO Journal of Prosthetics and Orthotics 9, no. 1 (1997): 3???9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008526-199710000-00003.

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Dreant, Nicolas, and Marie-Anne Poumellec. "Total Thumb Carpometacarpal Joint Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Functional Study of 28 MOOVIS Prostheses." HAND 14, no. 1 (September 23, 2018): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558944718797341.

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Background: Trapeziometacarpal prostheses have been used for more than 50 years in the treatment of first carpometacarpal joint arthritis. Even though this technique is more expensive than trapeziectomy, it has many advantages such as faster convalescence with better patient comfort and improved strength and range of motion. The aim of this study was to report the early functional results of a patient cohort treated with a dual mobility thumb carpometacarpal joint prosthesis. Methods: A retrospective study was performed to assess the functional results of 25 patients treated for trapeziometacarpal advanced osteoarthritis (Eaton and Littler stage III) with 28 MOOVIS prostheses. Preoperative and postoperative assessments included pain, range of motion, and pinch and grip strength. The average follow-up time was 27.5 months. Results: The mean pain score measured by a visual analog scale was 8 preoperatively and 1 postoperatively. The mean preoperative Kapandji opposition score was 7 and counter-opposition score was 1; postoperative scores were 10 and 4, respectively. The grip strength improved after the surgery and the results were compared separately between dominant and nondominant sides. Final functional results were good: the mean Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire score was 12, and the mean Michigan Hand Outcomes score was 87%. Conclusions: Total joint arthroplasty with a dual mobility prosthesis appears to be a satisfactory solution in our series. The absence of prosthesis instability encourages us to recommend this technique for the treatment of advanced trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis for people having an activity without too many manual constraints.

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McKeever, Duncan Clark. "Patellar Prosthesis." Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 404 (November 2002): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003086-200211000-00002.

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Märtens, Nicole, Maximilian Heinze, Friedemann Awiszus, Jessica Bertrand, Christoph H. Lohmann, and Alexander Berth. "Long-term survival and failure analysis of anatomical stemmed and stemless shoulder arthroplasties." Bone & Joint Journal 103-B, no. 7 (July 1, 2021): 1292–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.103b7.bjj-2020-0915.r3.

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Aims The purpose of this study was to compare clinical results, long-term survival, and complication rates of stemless shoulder prosthesis with stemmed anatomical shoulder prostheses for treatment of osteoarthritis and to analyze radiological bone changes around the implants during follow-up. Methods A total of 161 patients treated with either a stemmed or a stemless shoulder arthroplasty for primary osteoarthritis of the shoulder were evaluated with a mean follow-up of 118 months (102 to 158). The Constant score (CS), the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score, and active range of motion (ROM) were recorded. Radiological analysis for bone adaptations was performed by plain radiographs. A Kaplan-Meier survivorship analysis was calculated and complications were noted. Results The ROM (p < 0.001), CS (p < 0.001), and DASH score (p < 0.001) showed significant improvements after shoulder arthroplasty for both implants. There were no differences between the groups treated with stemmed or stemless shoulder prosthesis with respect to the mean CS (79.2 (35 to 118) vs 74.4 (31 to 99); p = 0.519) and DASH scores (11.4 (8 to 29) vs 13.2 (7 to 23); p = 0.210). The ten-year unadjusted cumulative survival rate was 95.3% for the stemmed anatomical shoulder prosthesis and 91.5% for the stemless shoulder prosthesis and did not differ between the treatment groups (p = 0.251). The radiological evaluation of the humeral components in both groups did not show loosening of the humeral implant. The main reason for revision for each type of arthroplasties were complications related to the glenoid. Conclusion The use of anatomical stemless shoulder prosthesis yielded good and reliable results and did not differ from anatomical stemmed shoulder prosthesis over a mean period of ten years. The differences in periprosthetic humeral bone adaptations between both implants have no clinical impact during the follow-up. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(7):1292–1300.

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Crova, M., E. Cenna, and C. Olivero. "Rotating knee prosthesis." Der Orthopäde 29, S1 (June 19, 2000): S43—S44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/pl00003682.

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Moura, Diogo Lino, and Fernando Pereira Fonseca. "SPORTS ACTIVITY AND HIP, KNEE, SHOULDER AND INTERVERTEBRAL DISC ARTHROPLASTIES." Acta Ortopédica Brasileira 26, no. 5 (October 2018): 350–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-785220182605182508.

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ABSTRACT The success of joint replacement surgery has been responsible for raising patients' expectations regarding the procedure. Many of these procedures are currently designed not only to relive the pain caused by arthrosis, but also to enable patients to achieve functional recovery and to engage in some degree of physical activity and sports. However, as physical exercise causes an increase in forces exercised through the articular prosthesis, it can be an important risk factor for its early failure. Scientific literature on sports after arthroplasty is limited to small-scale retrospective studies with short-term follow-up, which are mostly insufficient to evaluate articular prosthesis durability. This article presents a review of the literature on sports in the context of hip, knee, shoulder and intervertebral disc arthroplasty, and puts forward general recommendations based on the current scientific evidence. Systematic Review, Level of Evidence III.

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Fujiwara, Tomohiro, Manuel Ricardo Medellin Rincon, Andrea Sambri, Yusuke Tsuda, Rhys Clark, Jonathan Stevenson, Michael C. Parry, Robert J. Grimer, and Lee Jeys. "Limb-salvage reconstruction following resection of pelvic bone sarcomas involving the acetabulum." Bone & Joint Journal 103-B, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 795–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.103b4.bjj-2020-0665.r1.

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Aims Limb salvage for pelvic sarcomas involving the acetabulum is a major surgical challenge. There remains no consensus about what is the optimum type of reconstruction after resection of the tumour. The aim of this study was to evaluate the surgical outcomes in these patients according to the methods of periacetabular reconstruction. Methods The study involved a consecutive series of 122 patients with a periacetabular bone sarcoma who underwent limb-salvage surgery involving a custom-made prosthesis in 65 (53%), an ice-cream cone prosthesis in 21 (17%), an extracorporeal irradiated autograft in 18 (15%), and nonskeletal reconstruction in 18 (15%). Results The rates of major complications necessitating further surgery were 62%, 24%, 56%, and 17% for custom-made prostheses, ice-cream cone prostheses, irradiated autografts and nonskeletal reconstructions, respectively (p = 0.001). The ten-year cumulative incidence of failure of the reconstruction was 19%, 9%, 33%, and 0%, respectively. The major cause of failure was deep infection (11%), followed by local recurrence (6%). The mean functional Musculoskeletal Tumour Society (MSTS) scores were 59%, 74%, 64%, and 72%, respectively. The scores were significantly lower in patients with major complications than in those without complications (mean 52% (SD 20%) vs 74% (SD 19%); p < 0.001). For periacetabular resections involving the ilium, the mean score was the highest with custom-made prostheses (82% (SD 10%)) in patients without any major complication; however, nonskeletal reconstruction resulted in the highest mean scores (78% (SD 12%)) in patients who had major complications. For periacetabular resections not involving the ilium, significantly higher mean scores were obtained with ice-cream cone prostheses (79% (SD 17%); p = 0.031). Conclusion Functional outcome following periacetabular reconstruction is closely associated with the occurrence of complications requiring further surgery. For tumours treated with periacetabular and iliac resection, skeletal reconstruction may result in the best outcomes in the absence of complications, whereas nonskeletal reconstruction is a reasonable option if the risk of complications is high. For tumours requiring periacetabular resection without the ilium, reconstruction using an ice-cream cone prosthesis supported by antibiotic-laden cement is a reliable option. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(4):795–803.

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Romkema, Sietske, Raoul M. Bongers, and Corry K. van der Sluis. "Intermanual Transfer Effect in Young Children After Training in a Complex Skill: Mechanistic, Pseudorandomized, Pretest-Posttest Study." Physical Therapy 95, no. 5 (May 1, 2015): 730–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20130490.

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BackgroundIntermanual transfer implies that motor skills learned on one side of the body transfer to the untrained side. This effect was previously noted in adults practicing with a prosthesis simulator.ObjectiveThe study objective was to determine whether intermanual transfer is present in children practicing prosthetic handling.DesignA mechanistic, pseudorandomized, pretest-posttest design was used.SettingThe study was conducted in a primary school in the Netherlands.ParticipantsThe participants were children who were able-bodied (N=48; 25 boys, 23 girls; mean age=5.1 years) and randomly assigned to an experimental group or a control group.InterventionThe experimental group performed 5 training sessions using a prosthesis simulator on the training arm. Before (pretest), immediately after (posttest), and 6 days after (retention test) the training program, their ability to handle the prosthesis with the contralateral (test) arm was measured. The control group only performed the tests. Half of the children performed the tests with the dominant hand, and the other half performed the tests with the nondominant hand.MeasurementsDuring the tests, movement time and control of force were measured.ResultsAn interaction effect of group by test was found for movement time. Post hoc tests revealed significant improvement in the experimental group between the posttest and the retention test. No force control effect was found.LimitationsOnly children who were able-bodied were included. Measurements should have been masked and obtained without tester interference. The fact that 4 children whose results were slower than the mean result discontinued training may have biased the findings.ConclusionsThe intermanual transfer effect was present in 5-year-old children undergoing training in prosthetic handling. After training of one hand, children's movement times for the other, untrained hand improved. This finding may be helpful for training children who are novice users of a prosthesis.

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GSCHWEND, NORBERT, JOCHEN LOEHR, DRAGANA IVOSEVIC-RADOVANOVIC, HEINER SCHEIER, and URS MUNZINGER. "Semiconstrained Elbow Prostheses with Special Reference to the GSB III Prosthesis." Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research &NA;, no. 232 (July 1988): 104???111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003086-198807000-00014.

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Hitzeroth, S., M. Rehg, A. Hogan, and U. Trinler. "3D-printed foot prosthesis during gait: Comparison with two standard prostheses." Gait & Posture 81 (September 2020): 147–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2020.07.108.

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Wight, Christian M., Brent Lanting, and Emil H. Schemitsch. "Evidence Based Recommendations for Reducing Head-Neck Taper Connection Fretting Corrosion in Hip Replacement Prostheses." HIP International 27, no. 6 (September 10, 2017): 523–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5301/hipint.5000545.

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Introduction This systematic review seeks to summarise the published studies investigating prosthetic design, manufacture and surgical technique's effect on fretting corrosion at the head-neck taper connection, and provide clinical recommendations to reduce its occurrence. Methods PubMed, MEDLINE and EMBASE electronic databases were searched using the terms taper, trunnion, cone and head-neck junction. Articles investigating prosthetic design, manufacture and surgical technique's effect on fretting corrosion were retrieved, reviewed and graded according to OCEBM levels of evidence and grades of recommendation. Results The initial search yielded 1,224 unique articles, and 91 were included in the analysis. Conclusions There is fair evidence to recommend against the use of high offset femoral heads, larger diameter femoral heads, and to pay particular consideration to fretting corrosion's progression with time and risk with heavier or more active patients. Particular to metal-on-metal hip prostheses, there is fair evidence to recommend positioning the acetabular component to minimise edge loading. Particular to metal-on-polyethylene hip prostheses, there is fair evidence to recommend the use of ceramic femoral heads, against use of cast cobalt alloy femoral heads, and against use of low flexural rigidity femoral stems. Evidence related to taper connection design is largely conflicting or inconclusive. Head-neck taper connection fretting corrosion is a multifactorial problem. Strict adherence to the guidelines presented herein does not eliminate the risk. Prosthesis selection is critical, and well-controlled studies to identify each design parameter's relative contribution to head-neck taper connection fretting corrosion are required.

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Barnoud, William, Axel Schmidt, John Swan, Elliot Sappey-Marinier, Cécile Batailler, Elvire Servien, and Sébastien Lustig. "Condylar constrained knee prosthesis and rotating hinge prosthesis for revision total knee arthroplasty for mechanical failure have not the same indications and same results." SICOT-J 7 (2021): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/sicotj/2021046.

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Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate whether there are any differences in outcomes and complication rates between condylar constrained knee (CCK) and rotating hinge knee (RHK) prostheses used for the first revision of total knee arthroplasty (rTKA) after mechanical failure. Methods: Sixty-three consecutive non-septic revisions of posterior stabilized implants using 33 CCK and 30 RHK prostheses were included. Clinical evaluation and revision rate were compared between the two groups at two years minimum follow-up. Results: The CCK group had significantly better clinical outcomes and satisfaction rates compared to patients with RHK (KSS-knee 70.5 versus 60.7 (p < 0.003) and KSS-function 74.9 versus 47.7 (p < 0.004) at 3.7 (2.0–9.4) years mean follow-up. Moreover, the clinical improvement was significantly higher for the CCK group concerning the KSS-Knee (+23.9 vs. +15.2 points, p = 0.03). The postoperative flexion was significantly better in the CCK group compared to the RHK group (115° vs. 103°, p = 0.01). The prosthesis-related complications and the re-revision rate were higher in the RHK group, especially due to patellofemoral complications and mechanical failures. Conclusions: CCK prostheses provided better clinical and functional outcomes and fewer complications than RHK prostheses when used for the first non-septic rTKA. CCK is a safe and effective implant for selected patients, while RHK should be used with caution as a salvage device for complex knee conditions, with particular attention to the balance of the extensor mechanism.

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David, T. "Lumbar disc prosthesis." European Spine Journal 1, no. 4 (March 1993): 254–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00298370.

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Chandran, Prakash, Mohamed Azzabi, Jeremy Miles, Mark Andrews, and John Bradley. "Furlong Hydroxyapatite-Coated Hip Prosthesis vs the Charnley Cemented Hip Prosthesis." Journal of Arthroplasty 25, no. 1 (January 2010): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arth.2008.10.009.

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Nickel, Eric, Gregory Voss, Steve Morin, Sara Koehler-McNicholas, Brad D. Hendershot, Barri L. Schnall, Amy Gravely, Kyle Barrons, Spencer Mion, and Andrew Hansen. "Impact Testing of Prosthetic Feet for High-Activity Prosthesis Users." Journal of Prosthetics and Orthotics 31, no. 3 (July 2019): 207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jpo.0000000000000252.

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Wittenberg, Ralf H., Reinhard Steffen, Hennig Windhagen, Petra Bücking, and Andreas Wilcke. "Five-year results of a cementless short-hip-stem prosthesis." Orthopedic Reviews 5, no. 1 (March 19, 2013): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/or.2013.e4.

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Hip prosthesis stems with a short stem length and proximal fixation geometry support a bone-preserving and muscle-sparing implantation and should also allow for revision surgery with a standard hip stem. We present 250 prospectively documented clinical and radiological results from the Metha Short Hip Stem prosthesis (B. Braun-Aesculap, Tuttlingen, Germany) after an average follow-up of 4.9 years. The average patient age at surgery was 60 years. Indication for total hip replacement was primary osteoarthrosis (OA) (78% of patients), OA based on developmental dyspla- sia of the hip (16%), and other indications (6%). At the last follow-up, the average Harris Hip Score was 97 points. 85% of patients were very satisfied and 14% were satisfied after surgery, whereas 1% were dissatisfied. Pain according to the Visual Analogue Scale improved from 7.4 (min 1.6, max 9.5) pre-operatively to 0.23 (min 0, max 6.6). No joint dislocations occurred when predominantly using 28 mm and 32 mm prosthesis heads. Nine short-stems were revised: three after bacterial infections, two after primary via valsa with penetration of the femoral cortex two and three months after surgery, and three after early aseptic cases of loosening within the first year. A further nine osseously consolidated short-stems had to be replaced due to breakage of the modular titanium cone adapter after an average of 3.1 years (min 1.9, max 4.4). All surgical revisions were performed using primary standard stems. Without taking the material-related adapter failures into account, a five year Kaplan-Meier survival rate of 96.7% (95% confidence interval 93.4-98.3) was determined for the short-stem prostheses. There were no radiological signs of loosening in any of the short-stem prostheses at the last examination. Fine sclerotic lines were detected in Gruen’s AP zones 1 (19%) and 2 (10.5%), individual hypertrophies in zone 3 (3.5%), fine seams in zones 4 (5.5%) and 5 (4%), without pedestal formations in zone 4, clear cancellous bone compressions in zone 6 (97.5%), as well as single fine scleroses (1.5%) and atrophies (2.5%) in zone 7. The mid-term clinical results with periprosthetic bone remodeling and without radiological signs of loosening confirm this metaphyseal short-stem treatment and fixation concept and the possibility of revision surgery using standard hip stems. Long-term results must be further observed on a prospective basis as part of this collective study.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Sports prosthesis'

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