Dissertations / Theses: 'Sports for women Australia'

1

Taylor, Tracy Lynn School of History UNSW. "Women, sport and ethnicity: exploring experiences of difference in netball." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of History, 2000. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/17816.

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This thesis investigates how sports organisations and discourses have impacted on the sports participation of women from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds in Australia. A series of national participation studies have documented that women from minority ethnic backgrounds have significantly lower participation rates in sports and physical activity than Anglo-Australian women. However, the explanations and dimensions of this difference have not been examined in previous research. The experiences of women from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds are used in this thesis to explore sports discourses and organisation and the embodiments of their interrelationship. The present research proposes that sports organisations and discourses within Australia have historically served to marginalise women from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. The arguments for this position are explored using a local narrative which details the situated nature of women????s experiences of sports. These experiences are located within a historical context that traces migration policies, the growth and development of sports and women????s social relations since white settlement of Australia. It is argued that contemporary sports discourses and organisation are inextricably tied to Australia????s colonial and imperialist past. Theories of ethnicity, gender and sports are analysed. The theoretical perspective taken in this thesis builds on feminist ideologies and ethnicity studies. Empirical analysis is undertaken using gender relations to situate sport as a site of cultural struggles best understood through investigations of history and diversity. Aspects of power, control and influence are central to this thesis. The empirical component of this thesis uses secondary data sources, surveys and interviews to investigate the research proposition. This is achieved on two levels. The first level interrogates existing data to create a macro level analysis of women from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds in sports. A survey of 972 schoolgirls was undertaken to collect information on sports participation and attitudes to sports. This was followed by 30 interviews with women from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds that explored individual sports experiences and perspectives on sports. The second level of investigation employed the case study of netball to examine the research question as it related to a specific sports organisation. The case study component of the research involved document and archival analysis, a survey of 372 netball players and interviews with 18 women from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds and former and current netball administrators. The thesis analyses the empirical data as it relates to the organisation and discourse of sports in Australia. The principal conclusion reached is that sports organisation and discourses are located within a societal power structure that places women from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds on its margins. Sports participation is predicated on conformity to existing cultural practices and expectations and it does little to facilitate cultural diversity. The women from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds who participated in the research did not perceive sports as particularly inclusive of gender and culture. The examination of netball demonstrated that netball has not been concerned with ????other???? women, rather it has focussed its efforts on appealing to ????mainstream???? women. While netball has not explicitly excluded the involvement of women from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds, neither has it actively encouraged cultural diversity. This thesis makes a contribution to knowledge in the field of sports studies with its empirical research and through the ensuing development of a framework for locating the implications of inclusion or exclusion in sports organisations and discourses. This understanding can be used to assess and inform future sports policy development and practice. Principally, the thesis seeks to acknowledge and legitimise the sports experiences of women from diverse backgrounds and in doing so provides insights into a better theoretical understanding about the nexus of gender, ethnicity and sports.

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2

Hindley, Deborah. "In the outer--not on the outer : women and Australian rules football /." Hindley, Deborah (2006) In the outer--not on the outer: women and Australian rules football. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2006. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/97/.

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This thesis identifies, examines and probes the nature of women's involvement in Australian Rules Football. Rather than have a single theoretical underpinning, an interdisciplinary approach, albeit with a feminist perspective, was applied because of the broad scope of the study. Australian Rules Football is an institution that can transcend class, race, and gender. It is also a multi-billion dollar industry. The game traces its origins back to 1858 and claims influences from rugby and an Aboriginal game called marn-grook. While it is played mainly by men, exclusively at league level, interest and involvement is not limited by gender. Academics and administrators have frequently written off women?s involvement with football. Even though scholarly interest in both sport and feminism has grown since the 1970s, little significant work has been undertaken to examine women's interaction with Australian Rules Football. Leading Australian feminist Anne Summers rejected the notion that women could find anything of value in football apart from following players as devoted wives, mothers, girlfriends or 'groupies'. Through investigation of monographs and edited collections, I reveal that myriad scholars, feminists and historians have missed the point of sporting scholarship: many women enjoy involvement with football, they understand the game and its strategies and value being part of the football community in diverse and evolving capacities. The original contribution to knowledge in this doctorate is to demonstrate that while women have had a central role in the development and maintenance of Australian Rules Football since the game was founded in colonial times, their contribution has gone unacknowledged by historians and administrators. My thesis places on record those omissions. Particularly, I highlight the lack of acknowledgement and respect for the work of a woman who authored a comprehensive and seminal social history written on the game. This is the archetypal example of how women, in many roles - both professional and personal - have been marginalized, despite playing pivotal roles with Australian Rules Football. The original contribution contained in these pages tracks Australian gender relations through the social institution of Australian Rules Football. To create both space and strategies for the revaluation of women in football history, a new model of female fandom is offered. The testimony of the women included is weighty in numbers and pithy in content. The scale of interviews represents diversity in age, class, ethnicity, regionality and role or function with football. Superficially it may appear that women can be placed in taxonomy. Women's involvement with Australian Rules Football is complex and their involvement enmeshes in the many facets and spheres of the game. The completion of this thesis follows the long overdue appointment of the A.F.L.'s first female commissioner, Samantha Mostyn, in June 2005. Without disrespecting Mostyn, this was a tokenistic cultural shift by adding a commissioner to the existing eight males with the goal of adding further business expertise, not a new insight or strategic cultural intervention. It also comes at a time when the Australian Football League's has a new challenge to address, with the growing interest and participation in Association Football in Australia after the qualification for the 2006 World Cup. At this moment of change and contestation, Women's Australian Rules competitions are impoverished through lack of structural and financial support while women's Association Football, both in Australia and internationally, is flourishing.

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3

Davies, Kerryn. "Women's suffrage in South Australia /." Title page, contents and conclusion only, 1993. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09ard2562.pdf.

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4

West, Amanda. "Women as sports coaches." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 1996. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/20516/.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the reasons why women are under-represented in sports coaching roles in Britain, particularly the most prestigious coaching positions. In depth, semi-structured interview schedules were carried out with twenty women coaches from five sports. The backgrounds of the twenty coaches ranged from those working with essentially recreational performers to those coaching international standard performers. Literature on women and the labour market, women and leisure and women and coaching was employed to contextualise the analysis of the coaches' responses, and a socialist feminist perspective adopted. The interviews with the coaches revealed that, on a macro-level, the unequal division of labour in the home, together with women's unequal position in the labour market contributed to the lack of women coaches in Britain. On a micro-level, women coaches experienced difficulty in gaining access to coaching qualifications, coach development programmes, coaching appointments and difficulty in obtaining opportunities to work with higher status teams. Access to higher status coaching roles was further constrained by coaching networks and the assumption that men were better coaches than women for such work.

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5

Higgins, Jennifer R. 1952. "Vanguards of postmodernity : rethinking midlife women." Monash University, School of Political and Social Inquiry, 2001. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/8896.

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6

Grace, Felicity. "(Dis)continuous disadvantage : accounting for money, gender and sexuality in Australia /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2001. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16170.pdf.

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7

McLean, Kirsten Elizabeth 1972. "Identifying as bisexual : life stories of Australian bisexual men and women." Monash University, School of Political and Social Inquiry, 2003. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5755.

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8

Hollingworth, Samantha. "The contraceptive behaviour of young women in Australia /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17767.pdf.

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9

Strehlow, Kathleen Stuart. "Aboriginal women in Central Australia, a preliminary account." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0025/MQ50372.pdf.

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10

Huntley, Rebecca. ""Sex on the Hustings" : labor and the construction of 'the woman voter' in two federal elections (1983, 1993)." Connect to full text, 2003. http://setis.library.usyd.edu.au/adt/public_html/adt-NU/public/adt-NU20040209.113517/index.html.

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11

Holubowycz, Oksana T. "An Australian study of alcohol dependence in women : the significance of sex role identity, life event stress, social support, and other factors." Title page, contents and summary only, 1988. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phh7585.pdf.

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McLellan, Evelyn Louise. "Women, men and sports : planning for change." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0005/MQ39909.pdf.

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Buckley, Amma. "Persecution complex : women, gender and refugee determination in Australia /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16981.pdf.

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Cordell, Tami. "Wilderness Women: Embodiment in Nature." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2000. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2649/.

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Virginia Woolf makes clear in her book A Room of One's Own that "[A] woman must have money and a room of her own if she is to write…." This statement extends to all endeavors by women, including sport. The gap between men and women's sports is not bridged by monetary compensation. The domination of women exists in conceptual ideals and how those are expressed through our roles in this world. I use Val Plumwood's ecological feminist theory to expose the blatant masculinity imposed upon sport. I shall argue that sport is an arena of constant struggle over basic social conceptions of men and women. My endeavor is to implore traditionally masculine territory, and show sport as the domain of no single gender, but a field of simplicity and cooperation.

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15

Kalend, Steven L., and n/a. "The evolution of secondary school representative sport in Australia (1977-1983)." University of Canberra. Education, 1985. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060804.124742.

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For many years, considerable time and effort was devoted by teachers in Australian schools to the organisation of sporting activities for students. As a result, School Sports Associations were formed in most Australian States early this century. These Associations provided intra state and inter state competition on a limited scale. It was not until the early 1970's that any co-ordinated effort was made to bring together all the States' and Territories' activities. Regular meetings of Association Secretaries led to the formation of the Australian State Secondary Schools Sports Council in 1973. This was the beginning of a new era in secondary school representative sport in Australia. The creation of a forum for States to discuss matters of mutual interest resulted in a greater awareness within school communities of the benefits provided by sporting activities. This generation of interest eventually led to the formation of the Australian Secondary Schools Sports Federation in 1977. This body, representing all States and Territories became identified as the controlling body of secondary school sport in Australia and has continued to develop this role over the years. Since the formation of the Australian Secondary Schools Sports Federation, there has been significant growth in representative sporting activities, greater liaison and improved relations with community groups and systematic generation of relevant policies aimed at the betterment of school sport. After several years of operation, the role of the Federation was supplemented by the establishment of the Australian Schools Sports Council. This body represents both Primary School and Secondary School Sports Associations throughout Australia. After considerable effort, the Council was successful in obtaining Commonwealth Government funding for the employment of a National Executive Director to work full-time on the promotion of school sport. The years 1977-1983 saw dramatic growth in school sporting activities in Australia. Many problems were encountered some of which were ultimately solved. Other problems continue to occupy those who work within the organisation and their solution would appear to be the main task for the future.

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Rudd, Dianne Marie. "Women and migration : internal and international migration in Australia /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2004. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phr914.pdf.

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17

Oxley, Deborah. "Convict maids : the forced migration of women to Australia /." Cambridge : Cambridge university press, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37714745m.

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18

Chester, Yayoi. "A model of consumer buyer behaviour relating to the sponsorship of major sporting events in Australia." Swinburne Research Bank, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.3/35001.

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19

Vasey, Katherine Elizabeth. "A country welcome : emotional wellbeing and belonging among Iraqi women in rural Australia /." Connect to thesis, 2006. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00002889.

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20

Cranwell, Caresse. "Women, environments and spirituality : a study of women in the Australian environment movement." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1991. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envc891.pdf.

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21

Skillen, Fiona I. "'When women look their worst' : women and sports participation in interwar Scotland." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2008. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/515/.

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The works of historians such as Hargreaves, Tranter, Walvin, McCrone and Bailey suggest that women were, for a variety of reasons, gradually entering into the ‘world of sport’ from the middle of the nineteenth century onwards. Despite a lack of research it has been argued that this trend, of increased participation amongst women, continued into the twentieth century. Recent studies have tended to converged on the broad leisure choices of women, ignoring the place of sport within these experiences. This study therefore addresses an under researched topic: the development of women’s participation in sport in Scotland between 1920 and 1937. Many argue that during the interwar years there was a general distortion of the traditional boundaries between ‘public’ and ‘private’ areas of life for women. However, it has also been acknowledged that notions of gender differences persisted in this period. This study contributes to a wider understanding of gender relations during the period. It probes how women’s involvement in physically demanding sports were influenced by existing discourses and enabled the emergence of new ones. This thesis does not aim to chart the chronological growth and development of specific sports but rather seeks to understand the ways in which sport was incorporated into women’s lives and the meanings which they attached to their experiences. Each section of the thesis deals with a different area of participation. It examines the development of physical education in schools, the establishment and growth of a selection of sports organizations, the growth and use of local council run sports facilities and the development of work-based sport for women. This research focuses on contemporary depictions and discussions of sportswomen during these years as well as drawing on the views of sportswomen themselves. It employs both qualitative and quantitative methodologies in order to achieve a holistic and balanced interpretation of interwar sports participation and the attitudes that influenced it.

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22

Kannan, Sharmini, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Pappadums in paradise? Journeys of Indian migrant women to Australia." Deakin University. School of Communication and Creative Arts, 2002. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050915.113531.

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The blue glass is always the hardest to find. On the beach you catch the waves bringing back the glass from forgotten tossed bottles, frosted green, clear, or mottled pale brown. But the blue glass - that's the real thing. I search for days without finding any. Sometimes there are slivers; other days, small chunks. Like a beachcomber, I comb the sands for it. I take the glass home and make some into jewellery and touchstones for people to hang on to; pour essential oils on others so the scents waft heavenward and meld together with the glass to form a bond. Words are like that. They can fuse with each other and ignite, or just quietly combine, On sunny days, I take my books with me to the beach. I toss words back and forth in my mind, like churning waves. I cobble them together, A phrase here. A sentence there. The water. The sun. The sand. The glass. The words. The paper. The Connection. I find myself enveloped in it all. The glass is from bottles tossed into the surf by unthinking people - picnickers, vacationers, those who don't have to return here and live with the remnants of their actions. Over time, the broken glass is ground and moulded by the action of the waves; the sharp edges are softened and etched by the sand and water, The sea glass is washed up on shore and picked up by beachcombers. Some recycle it for other uses like me; others just keep it as a reminder of a day at the beach. The words I sift through as I sit on the sand are measured in the sea glass. I pick each word up and look through it to see how much light shines through. What use do 1 have for it? A poem? An essay? A fragment of a sentence, for something to be said in the future? I watch the sun rest uneasily on its bed of water and slide slowly, farther down. I know the hot summer is coming to a close and I am loath to let go of the closeness I feel with nature. I live to find the blue glass, and sometimes it just happens. My search for Indian migrant women was like my quest for the blue glass. It was not an easy task. It became a process of rummaging through other people's lives, searching for fragments and relics. Eventually I was able to fit pieces together to form a mosaic of their lives in that other time, that other place. And also in this present time, in this place they now call home, Australia.

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23

Birch, Elisa Rose. "The determinants of labour supply and fertility behaviour : a study of Australian women." UWA Business School, 2005. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2005.0061.

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There are many potential determinants of women?s labour supply including wages, unearned income, human capital endowments, demographic characteristics and family traits. Fertility behaviour, including the number of children and age of children, is also an important factor in women’s labour supply decisions. Many factors which affect women’s decisions on participating in the labour market and hours of work are also key influences on their decisions on starting a family and having a desired number of children. This thesis provides a comprehensive analysis of the determinants of labour supply and fertility behaviour of Australian women. Using cross-sectional data, labour supply models corrected for sample selection bias, and fertility models examining different aspects of family size, the thesis finds that women’s labour supply decisions are largely influenced by their wages and fertility behaviour. Their decisions on completed fertility, starting a family and having additional children are largely influenced by their actual or potential wages.

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24

Wang, Wenting. "Predicting the Outcomes of NCAA Women?s Sports." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/27483.

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Sports competitions provide excellent opportunities for model building and using basic statistical methodology in an interesting way. More attention has been paid to and more research has been conducted pertaining to men?s sports as opposed to women?s sports. This paper will focus on three kinds of women?s sports, i.e. NCAA women?s basketball, volleyball and soccer. Several ordinary least squares models were developed that help explain the variation in point spread of a women?s basketball game, volleyball game and soccer game based on in-game statistics. Several logistic models were also developed that help estimate the probability that a particular team will win the game for women?s basketball, volleyball and soccer tournaments. Ordinary least squares models for Round 1, Round 2 and Rounds 3-6 with point spread being the dependent variable by using differences in ranks of seasonal averages and differences of seasonal averages were developed to predict winners of games in each of those rounds for the women?s basketball, volleyball and soccer tournament. Logistic models for Round 1, Round 2 and Rounds 3-6 that estimate the probability of a team winning the game by using differences in ranks of seasonal averages and differences of seasonal averages were developed to predict winners of games in each of those rounds for the basketball, volleyball and soccer tournaments. The prediction models were validated before doing the prediction. For basketball, the least squares model developed by using differences in ranks of seasonal averages with a double scoring system variable predicted the results of a 76.2% of the games for the entire tournament with all the predictions made before the start of the tournament. For volleyball, the logistic model developed by using differences of seasonal averages predicted 65.1% of the games for the entire tournament. For soccer, the logistic regression model developed by using differences of seasonal averages predicted 45% of all games in the tournament. Correctly when all 6 rounds were predicted before the tournament began. In this case, team predicted to win in the second round or higher might not have even made it to this round since prediction was done ahead of time.

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25

Boyle, Joseph E. Jr. "Organized Sports Participation, Masculinity, and Attitudes toward Women." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36787.

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Sport is one institution in U.S. society that, through embedded patterns of behavior, may contribute to an ideology of acceptance concerning gender inequality. Organized sport participation, which has been historically reserved for men, incorporates young men and boys into an institution that has its own norms and socialization processes.

Research was conducted on college students currently enrolled at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. A survey was administered to these college students during regularly scheduled class time. The survey was in part adapted from The Attitudes toward Women Scale (AWS) as well as the Brannon Masculinity Scale (BMS).

Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, bivariate correlations, and multiple regression to see if there was a relationship between the control variables, the sports participation variables, the scores on the BMS which measures the acceptance of traditional masculinity, and attitudes toward women.

The results showed that gender and academic class are significantly related to the scores on the AWS. The results also showed that there were not any statistically significant relationships between the sports participation variables and the scores on the AWS. The regression analyses were consistent with these findings.

Master of Science

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26

Wilson, Heather Belle. "Women, faith and reform in late nineteenth century South Australia /." Title page, contents and introduction only, 1987. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arw748.pdf.

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27

Andersson, Sara. "Women’s sports : A discourse analytic investigation into the representation of women in sports media." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för utbildning, kultur och kommunikation, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-47891.

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Language is affected by the society in which it is used. Men and women have not had the same status in society, which means that the language used about them may potentially be different. A domain in society that was created for men is sports, yet, nowadays women also feature in sports. The aim of this study is to explore how women and their performances in sports are represented in newspapers. Previous research in the field of language, gender and sports has found that women are not depicted in the same way as men (Lundquist Wanneberg, 2011; Bissel, 2006; Segrave, McDowell and King III, 2006). To study how women are represented in sports articles, six articles about female athletes were analyzed through Critical Discourse Analysis. The analysis was based on Fairclough and Wodak’s (2010) framework that focuses on the domains of representation, relations and identities. These domains were divided into five categories: terms used to refer to the athletes, attributes, performance, sport descriptions and emotions. This allowed an analysis which showed how the world of sports views women, how women are represented as athletes, and the relation between the athletes and their sports. The analysis showed that women are depicted as ‘female’ athletes, not just athletes. This could be found through the usage of, for example, the noun and possessive marker women’s, which is used as a premodifier to describe the sports throughout the texts. It was also found that the world of sports is normally one where men are active and therefore it had to be explained when women were excellent at their sport, even when compared to men. This could be found through the usage of explanatory language, which clearly stated that the female athletes in question are or can be better than men.

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28

Connelly, James Timothy. "Ordained ministry as a second career : a study of attitudes and practices within the Anglican Church in Victoria and Tasmania." Monash University, Faculty of Arts, 2004. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5325.

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Ziaian, Tahereh. "The psychological effects of migration on Persian women immigrants in Australia /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phz64.pdf.

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30

Brown, Katrina Janel. "The demography of Nike, Helena, and Melpomene a feminist socio-legal analysis of athletic gender equity via sports law /." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1317327281&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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31

Tibe-Bonifacio, Glenda Lynna Anne. "Filipino women and their citizenship in Australia in search of political space /." Access electronically, 2003. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20041222.122054.

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32

Watters-Cowan, Ch??rie School of Music &amp Music Education UNSW. "Reconstructing the creative life of Australian composer Margaret Sutherland: the evidence of primary source documents." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Music and Music Education, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/24913.

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Margaret Ada Sutherland (1897-1984) is respected as one of the leading musicians in Australia in the twentieth century. She is widely recognised as having made significant contributions to the development of Australian musical composition and contemporary creative life. While a significant body of scholarly work has been completed on Sutherland and while it is varied in scope and purpose, to date, no study has been undertaken with a strong focus on the identification and examination of primary sources relating to Sutherland. Research on Sutherland and her creative life has been consistently hampered by problems such as numerous lacunae in the composer???s corpus of works and the transmission of errors from one study to the next. It is the thesis of this study that these problems can be addressed by a reevaluation of all previously-used primary documents as well as the study of newlyfound primary source material: returning to primary sources has uncovered a considerable amount of material, both by and about the composer, which has remained previously unexplored. In order to address omissions in Sutherland???s work list, the starting point for the current study is the compilation of a thorough catalogue of works which incorporates all known compositions by Sutherland. This catalogue is derived from the collation of comprehensive primary source material. Further to this, the close examination of extensive primary sources relating to Sutherland???s life and music provides insights into aspects of the contemporary musical network in which she worked and also into the particular problems she encountered as a female composer in a geographically isolated country. The diversity of her achievements is also illuminated. The resources used in this thesis provide the material which will enhance, augment, and sometimes offer new perspectives relating to the current understanding of Sutherland???s creative life. Thus, Sutherland???s contribution to Australian music can be more deeply understood.

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33

Farrelly, Francis John. "A predictive model of sport sponsorship renewal in Australia." Title page, abstract and table of contents only, 2002. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phf245.pdf.

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Bibliography: leaves 231-291. This thesis investigates key drivers of sponsorship renewal. The market orientation of sponsors, and their perception of their sponsored entity's (property's) market orientation, are analysed as antecedents of the trust invested by sponsors in the relationship, the level of commitment they exhibit and both the economic and non-economic satisfaction they derive from it. Sponsor economic and non-economic satisfaction and their commitment to the relationship are considered to be the ultimate drivers of the decision to renew. The argument is presented that sponsorship is a form of strategic or co-marketing alliance. The Australian Football League, the leading sponsorship property in Australia, is investigated in the empirical part of the thesis.

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34

Aizpurúa, Romina Iebra. "Through the women's eyes Latin American women's experience of immigration to Australia /." full-text, 2008. http://eprints.vu.edu.au/2051.

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35

Wright, Sarah R. "Online fantasy sports : an opportunity for women to enter the arenas of sports and technology? /." Electronic version (PDF), 2004. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2004/wrights/sarahwright.pdf.

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36

Padgett, Brandice A. "Women in sports journalism : do the barriers still exist? /." View online, 1998. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211130723123.pdf.

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37

Stella, Leonie C. "Trawling Deeper Seas: the Gendered Production of Seafood in Western Australia." Murdoch University, 1998. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20040913.155811.

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This thesis explores the sexual division of labour in three worksites associated with the Western Australian Fishing industry: fishers' households, a seafood processing company and fishing vessels. There has been no previous substantial study of the labour of women in Australian fishing industries. My research has been primarily undertaken by interviewing women and men who work in the Western Australian fishing industry, and my findings are presented through a comparison with overseas literature relative to each site. As I found, in the households of fishermen, women do unpaid and undervalued labour which includes servicing men and children; managing household finances and operating fishing enterprises. In seafood processing companies women are allocated the lowest paid and least rewarding work which is regarded as "women's work". On-the factory floor issues of class, race/ ethnicity and gender intersect so that the majority of women employed in hands-on processing work are migrant women froma non-English speaking background. The majority of women who work at sea are cook/ deckhands who are confronted by a rigid sexual division of labour, and work in a hyper-masculine workplace. The few other women who have found a niche which enables them to enjoy an outdoor lifestyle while they earn their own living, are those who work as autonomous independent small boat fishers. In each site there is evidence that women, individually and collectively, exercise some power in determining how and where they work, but they remain marginalised from the more lucrative sites of the industry, and have limited access to economic and social power.

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Andrew, Monica, and n/a. "The internet experiences of women living in rural and regional Australia." University of Canberra. Professional Communication, 2004. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060410.122445.

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This study explores the internet experiences of women living in rural and regional Australia, their motives for internet uptake and use, the benefits they gain from using the internet, the difficulties they encounter in using the internet and whether the benefits are affected by technical factors, such as computer equipment and telecommunication infrastructure, availability of opportunities for developing online skills, and perceptions of the internet. Data was collected via an email snowball technique to contact women living in rural and regional Australia, resulting in participation by 40 women from throughout rural and regional areas. The research drew on the literature of internet research and media uses-and-gratifications. Although the internet is a relatively new communication technology, it has attracted a large amount of scholarly interest. However, there has been little research into internet use by individual populations. Women living in rural and regional areas of Australia experience geographical and social isolation, with limited access to goods, services and information, and could be expected, therefore, to gain significant benefits from use of the internet. However, the potential benefits of the internet could be offset by difficulties with internet use in rural and regional areas. A narrative approach was used to determine the motives for internet use by women living in rural and regional Australia, the benefits they gain from using the internet, the difficulties they encounter in using it and whether the difficulties affect the benefits they gain from internet use. The research findings show that, more than anything else, women living in rural and regional Australia use the internet to build and maintain relationships, including keeping in touch with family and friends, re-connecting with friends for the past and making new friends online. They also use the internet to facilitate involvement in community organisations, to contribute to social issues at the national, state and local level and to participate in community projects and events. In addition, women living in rural and regional Australia use the internet to undertake business and education related activities, pursue personal interests, seek emotional support and undertake practical tasks, such as finding and disseminating information, banking and shopping. However, the many benefits of the internet are offset to some extent by the many frustrations encountered in using it, particularly in regard to technical factors and developing online skills. Spam mail and viruses also cause considerable inconvenience.

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Dalgleish, S. H. R. "'Utopia' redefined : Aboriginal women artists in the Central Desert of Australia." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365051.

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McIlroy, Doris Emma Carleton University Dissertation Canadian Studies. "A social analysis of womens sporting practices." Ottawa, 1988.

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McCullough, Sarah. "Construction of the female athletic body a study of women's sport uniforms /." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1404340401&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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42

Fry, Anne J., University of Western Sydney, College of Social and Health Sciences, and of Nursing Family and Community Health School. "Understanding attempted suicide in young women from non-English speaking backgrounds: a hermeneutic and narrative study." THESIS_CSHS_NFC_Fry_A.xml, 2002. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/643.

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This study seeks to attain understanding of attempted suicide in young women from non-English speaking backgrounds, constructing meaning(s) of attempted suicide and eliciting information about sociocultural influences and guided by philosophical hermeneutics and narrative inquiry using life story methods. Thematic analysis was used to explicate from the text 30 sub-themes, five themes (being in a gap between cultures and creating space for themselves, being traumatised and diminished by abuse, surviving dangerous relationships, suffering psychic pain, expressing the self by attempting suicide), and a meta-theme (paradoxically asserting the indefinite self). Interpretation was predicated on the belief that life stories are statements about self-identity, and represent coming into being through the interaction of coherence (the ability to establish connections between events, unifying themes, frames of reference and goal states), continuity (a longitudinal and sequential perspective on life) and connectedness (intrapersonal, interpersonal and transpersonal relationships). The paradox is that being unable to overcome the uncertainties of incoherence, discontinuity and problematic connectedness, participants were predisposed to act against self as a means of asserting agency. This understanding of attempted suicide represents a hermeneutic narrative reconceptualisation of the phenomenon, which places it outside discourses that sanction the language of psychopathology and provides a basis for developing alternative nursing theory and informing education and practice
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

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Keech, Wendy. ""Gear-up with a mouthguard" : a study of the use of mouthguards in basketball." Title page, abstract and table of contents only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09MPM/09mpmk258.pdf.

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Reid, Patricia Mary, and n/a. "Whiteness as Goodness: White Women in PNG & Australia, 1960's to the Present." Griffith University. School of Arts, Media and Culture, 2005. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20070130.140518.

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In this thesis I examine the contemporary nexus between White women and the raced and classed institution of White womanhood. More specifically, I focus on White Australian women who are middle class, rich in cultural capital, and generally consider themselves to be progressive; that is race privileged women but women who are not usually associated with overt racism. My analysis unfolds White Australian women in the discursive context of the ideologies of feminism and feminist-influenced anti-racist politics, as well as the ideologies of femininity. The thesis shows how this nexus is enacted through a vision of White women as Good as expressed in the political commitments, mentalities, relationships, narratives and corporeality of such women. The research problem that I identified and worked through in the thesis is as follows: for middle class White women, (who can be seen and see themselves as generic 'women'), Whiteness has been seen and played out as Goodness. Further, in the playing out of this Goodness White women accumulate and defend the prestige and privileges of Whiteness. Specifically, I argue that Whiteness is reproduced in some of the discourses and practices of White feminism, by the progressive White women involved in anti-racist politics, and in the femininity industry and the ways it is taken up. The nub of the problem I identify is that White women's involvement in the structures and narratives that support Whiteness is often grounded in the very qualities of character and conduct that emerge from the colonial and class-constructed ideal of White womanhood and which have historically distinguished them from denigrated others. These qualities- notably virtue, innocence and self-restraint- whilst differently nuanced in other contexts are an ongoing expression of the uses made of White womanhood as the visible sign of race and class superiority. The work examines four key periods: the Australian colony of PNG during the decolonising 1960's and 1970's; the high years of 1970's and 1980's feminism; the race debates of the 1990's; and the bodily practices of present day White women gripped by fears of fat and aging. I explore the ways in which White women's Whiteness is played out in benevolent Black/White relationships, the over-reach of difference feminism, particular kinds of anti-racist identities and activism, and body-improvement practices. In all these cultural sites, White women's Whiteness is often represented as a kind of moral being and deployed as moral authority in ways that are consonant with the raced and classed construction of White women as moral texts. My research approach was determined by the research problem I identified. Given my argument that White women mis-recognise Whiteness as Goodness in a race-structured society, then the collecting of data through interviews or surveys would have yielded material subject to this blindness. Instead, I explored sites and material where moral claims were being pressed, and case studies where 'women' were enacting themselves or being represented or interpellated as moral texts. My selection of primary source material ranges from feminist newsletters, women's and other magazines, literature, film, event programs and flyers, radio and television broadcasts, newspapers and websites, as well as reflections on my own experiences. Secondary source material includes feminist theoretical texts as well as texts drawn from a range of other disciplines, and other historical background materials. I lay out and support my arguments using a technique not dissimilar to collage, aiming to construct a picture that is compelling in its detail as well as coherent in its overall effect. This thesis is a contribution to the de-naturalisation of Whiteness. Navigating a course between the opposing hazards of essentialising Whiteness and understating its effects in contemporary Australian society, I have brought into clearer view some of the strategies which maintain the authority of Whiteness.

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Tolbert, Tiffany Monique. "A content analysis of photographic images and gender in The source sports, Sports illustrated for women, Sports illustrated, and ESPN magazine." Virtual Press, 2001. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1217392.

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This study examined sports photographs in fifty-two issues (thirteen issues each) of The Source Sports, Sports Illustrated for Women. Sports Illustrated and ESPN Magazine for gender differences in the way athletes are visually portrayed. Duncan and Sayaovong's 1990 study was used as the foundation for this new study.The content analysis revealed quantitative differences in photographic depictions of female and male athletes. Like the previous study, gender differences were found in the overall number of photographs of female and male athletes. These photographs were then broken down into one-half page, full-page and pull-out photographs. Gender differences were also found in the number of male and female athletes on the cover of the magazines, and the level of activity or inactivity associated with athletes. Unlike the previous study, the researcher found no gender differences in prominent and supporting positions when both men and women were featured in a photograph and no difference in camera angles.
Department of Journalism

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Stella, Leonie. "Trawling deeper seas : the gendered production of seafood in Western Australia /." Access via Murdoch University Digital Theses Project, 1998. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20040913.155811.

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Beale, Barbara L., of Western Sydney Nepean University, and Faculty of Nursing and Health Studies. "Maternity services for urban Aboriginal women : experiences of six women in Western Sydney." THESIS_FNHS_XXX_Beale_B.xml, 1996. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/316.

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The use of mainstream maternity services by urban Aboriginal women is an important issue for health professionals. Aboriginal mothers are much more likely to die in childbirth than are non-Aboriginal mothers and their excessive risk does not appear to have changed over the last two decades. The infant mortality rate is three times higher than for non-Aboriginal infants. Therefore, this project aimed to discover the cultural needs of urban Aboriginal women who use mainstream maternity services. Six Aboriginal women who were attending the ante-natal clinic at Daruk Aboriginal Medical Service were interviewed. The thesis included the following recommendations and strategies for their implementation: 1/. Establishment of a discrete Aboriginal women's health unit in Western Sydney. 2/. Provision of culturally acceptable education about pregnancy and childbirth. 3/. Promotion of breastfeeding. 4/. Education and encouragement for non- Aboriginal health professionals.
Master of Nursing (Hons)

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Honka, Agnes. "Writing an alternative Australia : women and national discourse in nineteenth-century literature." Master's thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/1650/.

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In this thesis, I want to outline the emergence of the Australian national identity in colonial Australia. National identity is not a politically determined construct but culturally produced through discourse on literary works by female and male writers. The emergence of the dominant bushman myth exhibited enormous strength and influence on subsequent generations and infused the notion of “Australianness” with exclusively male characteristics. It provided a unique geographical space, the bush, on and against which the colonial subject could model his identity. Its dominance rendered non-male and non-bush experiences of Australia as “un-Australian.” I will present a variety of contemporary voices – postcolonial, Aboriginal, feminist, cultural critics – which see the Australian identity as a prominent topic, not only in the academia but also in everyday culture and politics. Although positioned in different disciplines and influenced by varying histories, these voices share a similar view on Australian society: Australia is a plural society, it is home to millions of different people – women, men, and children, Aboriginal Australians and immigrants, newly arrived and descendents of the first settlers – with millions of different identities which make up one nation. One version of national identity does not account for the multitude of experiences; one version, if applied strictly, renders some voices unheard and oppressed. After exemplifying how the literature of the 1890s and its subsequent criticism constructed the itinerant worker as “the” Australian, literary productions by women will be singled out to counteract the dominant version by presenting different opinions on the state of colonial Australia. The writers Louisa Lawson, Barbara Baynton, and Tasma are discussed with regard to their assessment of their mother country. These women did not only present a different picture, they were also gifted writers and lived the ideal of the “New Women:” they obtained divorces, remarried, were politically active, worked for their living and led independent lives. They paved the way for many Australian women to come. In their literary works they allowed for a dual approach to the bush and the Australian nation. Louisa Lawson credited the bushwoman with heroic traits and described the bush as both cruel and full of opportunities not known to women in England. She understood women’s position in Australian society as oppressed and tried to change politics and culture through the writings in her feminist magazine the Dawn and her courageous campaign for women suffrage. Barbara Baynton painted a gloomy picture of the Australian bush and its inhabitants and offered one of the fiercest critiques of bush society. Although the woman is presented as the able and resourceful bushperson, she does not manage to survive in an environment which functions on male rules and only values the economic potential of the individual. Finally, Tasma does not present as outright a critique as Barbara Baynton, however, she also attests the colonies a fascination with wealth which she renders questionable. She offers an informed judgement on colonial developments in the urban surrounds of the city of Melbourne through the comparison of colonial society with the mother country England. Tasma attests that the colonies had a fascination with wealth which she renders questionable. She offers an informed judgement on colonial developments in the urban surrounds of the city of Melbourne through the comparison of colonial society with the mother country England and demonstrates how uncertainties and irritations emerged in the course of Australia’s nation formation. These three women, as writers, commentators, and political activists, faced exclusion from the dominant literary discourses. Their assessment of colonial society remained unheard for a long time. Now, after much academic excavation, these voices speak to us from the past and remind us that people are diverse, thus nation is diverse. Dominant power structures, the institutions and individuals who decide who can contribute to the discourse on nation, have to be questioned and reassessed, for they mute voices which contribute to a wider, to the “full”, and maybe “real” picture of society.
Das heutige Australien ist eine heterogene Gesellschaft, welche sich mit dem Vermächtnis der Vergangenheit – der Auslöschung und Unterdrückung der Ureinwohner – aber auch mit andauernden Immigrationswellen beschäftigen muss. Aktuelle Stimmen in den australischen Literatur-, Kultur- und Geschichtswissenschaften betonen die Prominenz der Identitätsdebatte und weisen auf die Notwendigkeit einer aufgeschlossenen und einschließenden Herangehensweise an das Thema. Vor diesem Hintergrund erinnern uns die Stimmen der drei in dieser Arbeit behandelten Schriftstellerinnen daran, dass es nicht nur eine Version von nationaler Identität gibt. Die Pluralität einer Gesellschaft spiegelt sich in ihren Texten wieder, dies war der Fall im neunzehnten Jahrhundert und ist es heute noch. So befasst sich die vorliegende Arbeit mit der Entstehung nationaler Identität im Australien des späten neunzehnten Jahrhunderts. Es wird von der Prämisse ausgegangen, dass nationale Identität nicht durch politische Entscheidungen determiniert wird, sondern ein kulturelles Konstrukt, basierend auf textlichen Diskurs, darstellt. Dieser ist nicht einheitlich, sondern mannigfaltig, spiegelt somit verschiedene Auffassungen unterschiedlicher Urheber über nationale Identität wider. Ziel der Arbeit ist es anhand der Texte australischer Schriftstellerinnen aufzuzeigen, dass neben einer dominanten Version der australischen Identität, divergierende Versionen existierten, die eine flexiblere Einschätzung des australischen Charakters erlaubt, einen größeren Personenkreis in den Rang des „Australiers“ zugelassen und die dominante Version hinterfragt hätten. Die Zeitschrift Bulletin wurde in den 1890ern als Sprachrohr der radikalen Nationalisten etabliert. Diese forderten eine Loslösung der australischen Kolonien von deren Mutterland England und riefen dazu auf, Australien durch australische Augen zu beschreiben. Dem Aufruf folgten Schriftsteller, Maler und Künstler und konzentrierten ihren Blick auf die für sie typische australische Landschaft, den „Busch“. Schriftsteller, allen voran Henry Lawson, glorifizierten die Landschaft und ihre Bewohner; Pioniere und Siedler wurden zu Nationalhelden stilisiert. Der australische „bushman“ - unabhängig, kumpelhaft und losgelöst von häuslichen und familiären Verpflichtungen - wurde zum „typischen“ Australier. Die australische Nation wurde mit männlichen Charaktereigenschaften assoziiert und es entstand eine Version der zukünftigen Nation, die Frauen und die Australischen Ureinwohner als Nicht-Australisch propagierte, somit von dem Prozess der Nationsbildung ausschloss. Nichtsdestotrotz verfassten australische Schriftstellerinnen Essays, Romane und Kurzgeschichten, die alternative Versionen zur vorherrschenden und zukünftigen australischen Nation anboten. In dieser Arbeit finden Louisa Lawson, Barbara Baynton und Tasma Beachtung. Letztere ignoriert den australischen Busch und bietet einen Einblick in den urbanen Kosmos einer sich konsolidierenden Nation, die, obwohl tausende Meilen von ihrem Mutterland entfernt, nach Anerkennung und Vergleich mit diesem durstet. Lawson und Baynton, hingegen, präsentieren den Busch als einen rechtlosen Raum, der vor allem unter seinen weiblichen Bewohnern emotionale und physische Opfer fordert.

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Baines, Coral. "Politics and the family in Australia : liberalism and the oppression of women /." Title page and contents only, 1987. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arb162.pdf.

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Sait, Shaabiera. "An anthropological investigation on the marginalization of women in sport: the case of women soccer in Gelvandale." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/10773.

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During the Apartheid era in South Africa, women were marginalized from sport. The ability to participate in sport in South Africa is inherently linked to the political history of the country. Sport played a dynamic role in the struggle against the diabolical system of apartheid in South Africa and has a powerful role to play in the transformation and nation building of South Africa. Women have made great strides in sport in recent years in South Africa. However, at times we find that there is unfair media coverage. The unfair coverage of women’s sport displays gender based attitudes which systematically disadvantage women’s position in society. Women’s participation in sport has grown dramatically but despite this growth coverage of women in sport remains inferior. This research study investigated the marginalization of women in soccer in the Gelvandale area, Port Elizabeth. The objective of this study is to investigate if women are being marginalised in Gelvandale where soccer is concern as well as determining the meaning of gender inequality from an anthropological perspective within the context of soccer in the Gelvandale area. Further, to contribute within the anthropology of soccer in South Africa particularly in the Eastern Cape Province and to come up with recommendations that will contribute towards improvement of soccer in Gelvandale and beyond.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sports for women Australia'

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