Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sportifs de haut niveau – Liban'
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Lahaye, Laurent. "Anomalies mitochondriales au niveau musculaire chez trois sportifs de haut niveau d'entrainement." Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR2M075.
Full textDedet, Marielle Marion Dominique. "La diététique du sportif de haut-niveau et ses répercussions bucco-dentaires." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://theses.univ-nantes.fr/thesemed/CDdedet.pdf.
Full textVitris, Bernard. "Contribution à l' étude du stress en milieu sportif : étude comparative entre des sportifs de haut niveau et de très haut niveau." Bordeaux 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR2M049.
Full textHaida, Amal. "Blessure, environnement et performance de haut niveau." Rouen, 2014. https://hal-insep.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01788566.
Full textThe thesis deals with the epidemiology and physiopathology of performance in elite sport. The objective is to analyze the impact of two parameters that can affect performance and its development during a sports career: injury and environmental factors. At first, we study the impact of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) rupture on the performance of the best alpine skiers (1st decile of performance) in the French Team since 1980. Through a transversal study, we analyze the return to performance after an ACL injury and evaluate whether the injury is a handicap in post-rupture performance. It is also an opportunity to demonstrate and compare the performance of the best skiers who had a torn ACL with those who never suffered this injury during their career. Secondly, a second longitudinal study analyses the performance development of the entire alpine skiers in the French Team during their career in injured and non injured athletes since 1980. Moreover, in alpine skiing the environment plays a role in the occurrence of injuries. The snow conditions, weather conditions and temperature are all factors that influence the prevalence of injuries, including the ACL rupture. Thus, in a third study we evaluated the impact of seasonality and environment in the sprint and middle distance. This study was conducted in athletics because it represents one of the oldest Olympic sports with sufficient data available allowing a substantial historical perspective of performance. Our studies describe the importance of taking into account the injury and the environment, particularly temperature, in the multifactorial context of performance optimization in elite sport
Totchilova-Gallois, Ekaterina. "La relation entraîneur-entraîné en sport de haut niveau : analyse du concept de mentoring." Orléans, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ORLE2036.
Full textTomas, Jean-Luc. "Deux voies de développement de l'activité de pensée en autoconfrontation croisée : le cas de deux sportifs de haut niveau en haltérophilie." Paris, CNAM, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CNAM0578.
Full textPasselergue, Philippe. "Etude multiparamétrique d'une population de lutteurs de haut niveau au cours d'une saison sportive." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997CLF20029.
Full textSallet, Pierre Jean Arthur. "Étude comparative intra et inter-disciplinaire du profil physiologique et neuromusculaire chez le sportif de haut-niveau." Lyon 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO10138.
Full textMONNERET, DOMINIQUE. "L'hypomagnesemie du sportif : etude d'une supplementation en magnesium chez 30 sportifs de haut niveau." Besançon, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BESA3059.
Full textRaynal, Caroline. "Place actuelle de l'alimentation dans la pratique de sports de haut niveau : application au tennis." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05P045.
Full textBrosseau, Olivier. "RMN du phosphore 31 dans le muscle squelettique humain : aspects méthodologiques et applications dans le cadre d'exercices intensifs de type anaérobie chez le sédentaire et le sportif de haut niveau." Lyon 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO10110.
Full textDusson, Philippe. "Les appartenances identitaires dans la dynamique de l’activité d’adolescents sportifs de haut niveau au sein de centres de formation : perspective ergonomique." Orléans, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ORLE2037.
Full textMimouni, Nabila. "Contribution de méthodes biométriques à l'analyse de la morphotypologie des sportifs." Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10242.
Full textGagné, Steve. "La transition professionnelle des athlètes de haut niveau : étude du rôle des entraîneurs." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 2000.
Find full textLienhart, Noémie. "Comprendre et accompagner les mères et les pères d'adolescents sportifs de haut niveau : quelles répercussions sur les ressources psychologiques des sportifs ?" Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1227/document.
Full textParents play a crucial role in their child’s sporting experiences. However, many examples outlined from the media have shown that parental support is not always appropriate. Besides, researchers have currently focused on the influence of parents in sport. Their involvement could sustain their child to cope with the demands of their dual careers in sport and education. Thus, the objective of this thesis was to understand and support parents of elite adolescent athletes. The first chapter presents a literature review on the topic. Then, three chapters detail the studies completed to meet the objective.The second chapter quantitatively explored parents’ behaviors and their influence on specific psychological variables of athletes. It showed that the most appropriate parental involvement to the athlete’s development corresponds to a moderate involvement from both parents: encouragements, and few pressure and directive behaviors. The third chapter qualitatively examined factors inducing parental involvement. Analysis revealed that parents feel different organizational, developmental, competitive and personal stressors mainly perceived as being difficult to manage. In order to cope with these concerns, parents rely on various strategies that they themselves implement but also on strategies carried out by family and sport center. However, according to them, the latter are not always effective. The fourth chapter presents an intervention study that evaluated the effectiveness of a support program. The results showed that the program positively influences parents’ experiences. They also highlighted the difficulties to create parental behavioral changes perceptible by athletes.Based on results of the six studies conducted with 1595 parents and 919 athletes, new directions of research are discussed. Practical recommendations to foster an appropriate parental involvement to the athlete’s development are also shared
Ledon, Aurélie. "Déroulement de carrière réussie de sportifs de haut-niveau : entre dynamiques décisionnelles et adaptation transitionnelles." Thesis, Reims, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REIML014.
Full textThe high-level sportsmen cross all phases of transitions more or less good negotiated in their sporting career, that it's normative or not normative transitions. This thesis examines the impact of these transitions on the decision-making and adaptive processes of the high-level sportsman which lead him to make a choice rather than the other one during a key moment of its career (e.g. sportsman, professional, social). Three studies of this thesis join mainly within the framework of a développementale approach of the career development of high-level sportsmen (Wylleman, Lavallee & Alfermann, 1999) and rest on the model of Push-Pull, Anti Push, Anti Pull (Schultz, Mullet and al, 1998). The first part of this thesis was interested in the continuation since around ten years of the careers of high-level sportsmen continuing beyond the age of thirty years, as well as in mechanisms under jacents in the preservation and in the protection of the subjective well-being. Elements of similarity bound to their personal characteristics and to their route as well as elements of peculiarity bound to the cutting and to the duration of the stages of their career appeared. The second study of this thesis concerns the route of life of the sportswomen of elite and the choice of the maternity in course of career sports and/or comment sporting career. Routes build themselves towards the meanings granted to contextual and incidental events, to aspiration and ideal staffs, in the priorities of life. The choice of the maternity oscillates between desire of a self-fulfillment through at the same time a sports blooming and a blooming of mother and superiority granted to its sports life of the other one with the absence of envy to procreate. The third study was interested in entrance to pole of training, and more particularly in facilitating or disrupting elements which accompanied the decision of the high-level sportsmen to enter or not pole and which participated in a more or less good made a success adaptation The elements which showed themselves important that they are rather positive or more negative revolve around living environment, double project, and sports project
Takhalouicht, Nabil. "La reconversion des sportifs de haut niveau marocains : trajectoires sociales et reconversion du capital sportif." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAG043.
Full textThe thesis proposes, on the one hand, to sociologically question transition as a category of analysis and, on the other hand, to analyze courses of high-level Moroccan sportsmen to verify by proof the different strategies of conversion. In the career of high level athletes, stopping the practice remains random because it is linked to several events that partly escape the athlete. The sociological understanding of the stopping of sport and then transition leads us to study the careers and social paths of a sample of high-level Moroccan athletes in order to explain personal and social repositioning and to understand the different strategies of transition. Therefore, thanks to this qualitative survey, several factors are analyzed: the paths, modes of socialization and personal course of the sportsmen, the types of sport and their symbolic and economic impact in Morocco, the beliefs and the moral credit granted by the sports institution and Moroccan society for high-level athletes, the role of parents in the monitoring of their career, or the level of commitment of sports and ministerial structures that accompany the retraining of top athletes
CHAMALIDIS, PRODROMOS. "L'identite masculine dans le sport de haut niveau splendeur et deuil du champion." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05H031.
Full textMeetings with fifty retired male sport champions, twenty five greek and twenty five french, was the basis for this research on the construction of masculine idenitity in highlevel sport. With the help of semi-structured interviews and a projective test (t. A. T. ), we highlighted the risks and the benefits to the identities of champions practising the most popular disciplines in their respective countries. Focusing on the two sub-populations allowed us to localize the champion's status based on his cultural and historical background. In general, the champion uses his athletic career as a means of structuring his masculine identity while benefiting from physical and emotional closeness to other men. The male group, the team or the training group, creates virile attitudes that are generally linked to the champion's mothering environment which can be the coach, the institution or the champion's mother. In addition, career termination reveals the necessity of renegociating feelings of omnipotence, using rather elaborate ways (work of mourning, sublimation) over regressive ways (denial, depression). This period is characterized by identity vascillations and crises, especially for those who do not anticipate the necessity to find identifications other than those linked to the status of being a champion. Finally we propose three settings for the clinical psychologist to work with high-level athletes on the brink of career termination
Tourny, Claire. "Analyse des paramètres biomécaniques du nageur de brasse de haut niveau." Montpellier 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON14003.
Full textMoulin, Nathalie. "Adolescents sportifs de haut niveau et burnout : du mythe du champion à l'épuisement : l'exemple du tennis." Bordeaux 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR21447.
Full textThis thesis falls under the problem of the burnourt syndrome among young competitive tennis players. It presents, as well at the theoretical level as empirical, the course of young competitive players, carrying them out the dream to become champion, with disillusion then with the burnout. The articulation of this work is carried out around a burnout modeling in sport, , clarified by the installation of three studies: the first sends back to the desire excellence of the young player by treating his representation of the champion and of his course; the second draws up a psychological and psychosocial profile of the burned out player; finally, the third is centered on the organization of the high level sport as a potential source of psychological suffering. Our conclusions highlight the multifactor aspects of burnout and propose some tracks of reflexion and prevention against this syndrome
Guinot, Michel. "Suivi endocrininen des sportifs de haut niveau : axes hypothalamo-hypophyso-surrénalien et somatotrope et remodelage osseux." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE10247.
Full textAL THOUGH REGULAR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEADS TO NUMEROUS HEAL TH BENEFITS, ELITE SPORTSMAN HAS FREQUENTLY BEHAVIORS WHOSE ARE HEALTH RISK. USE OF HORMONAL DRUGS (CORTICOSTEROIDS, GROWYH HORMONE) AND EATING DISORDERSIS SPECIALL Y COULD IMPAIR HYPOTHALMO PITUIT ARYAXIS, SOMATOTROPE AXIS AND BONE REMODELING. THE AlM OF THIS WORK WAS TO DRAW UP A STATE OF KNWOLEDGE OF THE PHYSIOPATHOLGY OF THESE AXES WITH PLASMATIC MEASURES SINCE THIS HAD BEEN LITTLE STUDIED lN ELITE SPORTSMEN. SO, LOWER BASAL PLASMA CORTISOL VALUES WERE HIGHLY PREDICTIVE OF ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY AND MIRRORED A RECENT CORTICOSTEROID USE. MOREOVER, THIS RECORDING WAS strengthENED BY 90% OF ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY IN SPORTSME WHO UNDERWENT A PERIOR INTRAARTICULAR CORTICOSTEROID INFILTRATION. CONVERSELY, IT IS DIFFICUL TO KNOW IF HIGH PLASMA CORTISOL VALUES ARE THE CONCERN OF PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATIONS TO INTENSIVE SPORT PRATICE OR OF PATHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS (CALORIC DEFICIENCY OR DOPING). BASAL SOMATOTROPE AXIS ANALYSIS IN DIFFERENT CATEGORY OF SPORTSMEN REVEALED THAT THE MEANS VALUES WERE CLOSED TO THOSE OF NON SPORTSMEN OF THE SAME AGE; THE STUDY WHICH W AS PERFORMED lN ELITE CYCLISTS WOMEN SHOWED THAT THE BONE MINERAL DENSITY WAS ALMOST THE SAME AS THIS WAS EXPECTED lN GENERAL POPULATION. SO, TESTING BASL HORMONAL FUNCTION IS RELEVANT IN THE MEDICAL FOLLOW UP OF ELITE SPORTSMEN. EACH ABNORMAL VALUE HAS TO BE REGARDED AS A PATHOLOGICAL VALUE, SPECIALLY INDUCED BY DRUGS AND/OR EATING DISORDERS
Méry, Stéphane. "Sport de haut niveau et scolarité : conciliation et synergie : approches dans le primaire." Paris 5, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA05H039.
Full textThe working time mutate to a time devoted to capital development staff across the leisure and sport. Faced with global competition, the French federations detect and train in earlier and earlier (at the age of five). In football, tennis, handball, gymnastics, swimming, volleyball and squash, we will examine the sports executives to know the conditions of training and education of athletes aged between nine and eleven. We ask managers of national education, to have their views on developments in the third cycle of primary education. The best children at the age of eight train more than ten hours per week. This life can have bad consequences. However, in primary school, no development schedule is possible to alleviate the workload. The legislation does not. We seek to know, from the perspective of different actors, how to reconcile the precocity of a sport intensively with general education standards knowing that we are faced with a paradox that in practice every day to reach the top level and on the other hand respect the rights of the child and pursue an effective school. The child borders of different social backgrounds of the school that would provide additional knowledge that they acquired in contact with the teacher. Such knowledge may be considered by the institutions. The need for early training, compliance with the physiological rhythm but also the importance of academic achievement forced to break with the ancient concept of the republican school
Fournier, Jean. "Etude de certains facteurs influençant la préparation psychologique du sportif de haut niveau." Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100082.
Full textThis stape thesis is divided into two interrelated parts. The first part is comprised of three chapters on current topics in sport psychology: qualitative methods, anxiety and imagery. The three sections of this first part serve as the basis of the five studies which form the second part of the thesis. The first chapter explores an alternative to quantitative research methods, or the contemporary vein of research known as "qualitative" research in North America. The definitions, theories and results of current research in anxiety are presented and discussed in the second chapter. Finally, the third chapter resumes and evaluates the theories, applications and functions of imagery in sport. The first study concerns the mental preparation of athletes having participated in the 1993 world judo championship. The approach is "qualitative" in terms of both the gathering and the analysis of data. The perspective could be qualified as "clinical," less the therapeutic connotation of the word. The second study involves the observations of variations in salivary cortisol of high-performance judoists throughout a day of competition. This research takes into account the psychophysiological aspect of competitive anxiety through the use of a new experimental protocol
Guerreschi, Luc. "Le vécu sportif du corps : étude des représentations sociales du corps d'athlètes de haut niveau français et canadiens." Bordeaux 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR21187.
Full textElite sports lead to an extreme use of the body which has disastrous consequences. In order to understand contemporary sporting practices and the way they are experienced, we focussed on the social representations of elite athletes' bodies. For our study, we used the social representations theory (Moscovici, 1961, Doise, 1992). Semi-directive interviews and words associations have been carried out among a population of 70 French and Canadian elite athletes. First, the results' analysis allowed to draw different apprehension modes of the body, of sport and doping experience. Secondly, the organizing principles of the social representations of elite athletes' bodies were revealed. These representations are characterized by two ambivalent notions: a quest for intense body pleasure close to suffering, associated with a search of body limits which is also a search of trauma
Fink, Daniel. "Les marchés des excellences sportives : contribution à l'analyse de l'évolution des sports de compétition." Paris 5, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA05H032.
Full textIn order to contribute to the analysis of the drift of the field of competitive sports practices, this study focuses on the social consequences and effects of the technical change (evolution of the level of performances) in competitive sport. The analysis of the careers followed by two generations of competitors (1956 1972) is the basis for the research on the processes of transformation of competitive sport, e. G. The socialization of the preparatory training of champions, the professionalization process, the collective support of "sport veterans", the formation of markets of sports excellences, the development of sport agents'activities. The evaluation of the economic and socio-professional rentability of the competitive engagement allows to observe that the relations between competitors and social stratification have been stable, that the mobilities of sportsmen remain low. The existence and the functioning of the markets of sport excellences permits to explain the quick social careers realized by a few number of competitors, the case of J. -C. Killy being considered as a prototype of these new trajectories of champions
GOURCUFF, THALOUARN MARINE. "Evolutivite des pathologies osteo-articulaires chez le basketteur de haut niveau : enquete nationale portant sur 130 sportifs." Angers, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ANGE1102.
Full textDECARNIN, GUILAIN. "Biomecanique du pied du sportif : a propos de l'etude dynamique informatisee de 130 sportifs de haut niveau." Lille 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIL2M170.
Full textBopp-Limoge, Christiane. "L'acupuncture permet-elle d'améliorer les performances sportives ? : étude personnelle à propos de 35 sportifs de haut niveau." Strasbourg 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR1M117.
Full textRosier, Philippe. "La Fasciathérapie Méthode Danis Bois et la récupération physique, mentale et somato-psychique du sportif de haut niveau: Evaluation quantitative et qualitative auprès d’une population de sportifs de haut niveau." Doctoral thesis, [s.n.], 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/4248.
Full textThis work focuses on fasciatherapy applied to the recovery of high level athletes and attempts to answer the question “How and in what way does fasciatherapy participate in the physical, mental and somato-psychic recovery of high level athletes?” In order to do this, I have presented the theoretical side of the therapies addressing the fascia and in particular the Danis Bois fasciatherapy method, as well as the theoretical side of physical, psychological and somato-psychic recovery in the field of sports. I have approached this research from the viewpoint of a practitioner-researcher in order to gain better understanding of the somato-psychic impact of fasciatherapy on the recovery of ten high level athletes who are deemed to be "in good shape" and who practice sports intensively on a daily basis. This research uses a mixed methodology. The first one is qualitative and is based on interviews. It develops an analysis inspired by phenomenology on a case by case basis and a transverse hermeneutic interpretation. The second one is quantitative and uses a questionnaire based on Likert scales. This research translates the impact of fasciatherapy on seventeen indicators of physical, psychological and somato-psychic recovery.
Ce travail porte sur la fasciathérapie appliquée à la récupération des sportifs de haut niveau et tente de répondre à la question « En quoi et comment la fasciathérapie participe-t-elle à la récupération physique, mentale et somato-psychique des sportifs de haut niveau ? » Pour cela, j’ai présenté le champ théorique des thérapies s’adressant aux fascias et notamment la fasciathérapie méthode Danis Bois, ainsi que le champ théorique de la récupération physique, psychique et somato-psychique dans le domaine du sport. J’ai abordé cette recherche avec une posture de praticien-chercheur afin de mieux comprendre les impacts somato-psychiques de la fasciathérapie sur la récupération de dix sportifs de haut niveau réputés « en pleine forme », confrontés à leur pratique sportive intensive quotidienne. Cette recherche déploie une méthodologie mixte. La première, qualitative, est basée sur des entretiens et développe une analyse d’inspiration phénoménologique cas par cas et une interprétation herméneutique tranversale. La seconde, quantitative, est basée sur un questionnaire à base d’échelles de Likert. Cette recherche traduit l’impact de la fasciathérapie sur dix-sept indicateurs de la récupération physique, psychique et somato-psychique.
Este trabalho sobre a fasciaterapia aplicada à recuperação dos atletas de alto nível, tenta responder à questão "De que forma a fasciaterapia participa na recuperação física, psicológica e somático-psíquica dos atletas de alta competição?" Para tal, o trabalho teórico apresentado incide nas terapias fasciais (fascia), nomeadamente a fasciaterapia método Danis Bois, e na recuperação física, psicológica e somáticopsíquica no domínio desportivo. Assumi esta investigação adoptando uma postura de praticante-investigador no âmbito de compreender melhor os impactos somatopsíquicos da fasciaterapia na recuperação de 10 atletas considerados "em boa forma" e confrontados a uma prática desportiva quotidiana. Esta investigação desenvolve uma metodologia mista. A primeira, qualitativa, é baseada em entrevistas e desenvolve uma análise de inspiração fenomenológica caso a caso e uma interpretação hermenêutica transversal. A segunda, quantitativa, é baseada num questionário baseado nas escalas de Likert. Esta pesquisa reflecte o impacto da fasciaterapia sobre 17 indicadores de recuperação física, psicológica e somático-psíquica.
Mauny, Christophe. "Handball et symbolismes : étude des joueurs dunkerquois de haut niveau." Poitiers, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006POIT5037.
Full textWithin the framework of high performance handball, it is possible to discern player's characteristics which come diverse profiles, be it individual or collective. The recent context of professionnalisation of handball, the cultural and social imprint of the Dunkirk region, the nature of the sporting activity itself, player's stories. . . All must be taken into consideration, insofar as they contribute in the re-defining and re-possessing of modern sports grounds and facilities. The study of symbolisms then seems to give a new understanding as long as the symbolism can be moulded to the perception of the individual and gives us a deeper insight into the attachment to a particular sport. Today's handballer identity seems to be situated at the axis of a triple process of symbolic fixation : conversion, incarnation and localisation
Ben, Messaoud Malika. "Suivi traumatique du Centre régional de haut niveau de gymnastique féminine de Saint Etienne (septembre 87 - juin 93 )." Saint-Etienne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993STET6231.
Full textPialoux, Vincent. "Effet d'un entraînement associé à une hypoxie intermittente sur la balance proxyant/antioxydant chez l'athlète de haut niveau." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CLF1MM16.
Full textBasset, François. "Résilience assistée et dynamique sportive à l'adolescence : vers un renouvellement des pratiques cliniques dans les espace-temps sportifs : étude clinique comparée d'adolescents footballeurs." Thesis, Amiens, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AMIE0035.
Full textIn a four-year longitudinal study, we followed about twenty elite teenagers soccer and their families. We tried to understand the challenges of psychological support for the high-level athletic teenager in a sports structure. A triangulation of methods characterizes our research work. It crosses qualitative and quantitative data in different systems : sports and family. Once data were analysed, we developed modeling from the Ionescu model. It can help sports psychology professionals to identify the times and spaces of resilience in a teenager's sport path that enable his individuation. Our methodology opens up new possibilities of intervention in the field of sport to meet new needs. Questioning the appropriateness of psychological support has led to questions about the reponsability of sports organizations on the biopsychosocial development of the adolescent on the one and support for the parenthood of his family on the other
Queval, Isabelle. "Le complexe d'Astérix : généalogie du dépassement de soi dans ses versions sportive et dopante." Paris 5, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA05H033.
Full textThe concept of self surpassing couldn't befall in the universe of the Antique though, beared by the idea of natural finality and by representation of a closed world. It revels what opposes two representations of the World and of the mankind as well as the statement of the progressive idea of progress. It drives to repeat in the sport the emblem of a self surpassing ideology crossing the entirety of society. Sport testify, through its history, the one of physical education and the one of sport, of the corporeal excellency ambivalence. (. . . )
Brugniaux, Julien. "Effets d'une exposition intermittente à l'hypoxie couplée à un entraînement en basse altitude sur la performance aérobie et acclimatation chez les athlètes de haut niveau." Paris 13, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA132048.
Full textThe living high - training low model consists of combining the positive effects of hypoxia (resulting in an increase in red cell volume) with normal training in normoxia. Literature evidences conflicting results : some studies have shown an improvement in both oxygen carrying capacity and aerobic performance, while others did not. Results differ since the proposed adaptative m"chanisms are different (polyctemia vs. Muscular alterations). From 3 different protocols, we have concluded that this model of training was well tolerated by elite athletes and that they experienced ventilatory acclimatization. On another hand, aerobic performance was certainly due to other mechanisms. A minimum of 250 hours in hypoxia appears to be necessary and training modalities should privilege interval-training
Javerlhiac, Sophie. "Pouvoir et vouloir se former : Les Sportifs de Haut Niveau face au processus de reconversion : entre stratégies individuelles et contraintes institutionnelles, personnelles et systémiques." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00568916.
Full textIonescu, Simona. "Comparaison des représentations religieuses du sport olympique chez les sportifs de haut-niveau roumains et français : Analyse de cas." Nancy 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NAN10192.
Full textThe purpose of this research is locating when and in what circumstances high performance sport can overcome the inherent stage and become a new place in wich faith corroborated with the transcendental can be validated. Even if France turned away from religion and in Romania we are experiencing a return to it, both societies analyzed by us are secular and the beliefs of sportsmen are corrupted. Sport has been defined in our study as a meaning through wich the sportsman is aiming for fulfillment and a change of personality, an undiscovered and unpredictable transformation. The particularity of sport is that it offers not only a view of the world where the holy can become a guide that is bringing together reality to the dream of whatever he is willing and capable to become, but an accomplishement of an unknown mechanism that is bound to arrive
Sedeaud, Adrien. "Caractéristiques anthropométriques et performances de haut niveau : évolutions, indicateurs et optimisations." Thesis, Paris 5, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA05L003.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to study the morphological changes of top athletes and identify structural links between performance and anthropometric characteristics. This thesis is comprised of various studies that analyze the highest level of performance by morphological aspect and different levels of proof. At first, we show differentiated changes between high level athletes and individuals in the general population (Studies 1 and 2), presupposing that athletes draw benefits from their anthropometric characteristics. Then we highlight the direct links between anthropometric characteristics and performance in track and field athletes and rugby players (studies 2 and 5): rugby teams with heavier forwards and taller backs are more successful than others. In track and field, calculated allometric coefficients show the impact of mass depending on the distance of the race and sex, suggesting a possible anthropometric progression margin for female athletes. The third level of supporting evidence, highlights the existence of couples [optimal morphologies - optimal performance], biometric attractors beneficial in scoring in basketball (Study 3), and BMI optimum with performance intervals in race distance (studies 4, 5 and 6). Mass, height and BMI are relevant indicators used to specify athletes between different events (morphological gradients in track and field following the spectrum of distances, like energy gradients) but also according to their level (inverse gradient between mass and height according to middle and long distances and sprints). These three indicators also reveal morphological differentiation depending on the specific position. Being compared, changes in mass and height show asynchronous growth indicative of atypicity. Independent from BMI’s primary function of measuring the body size and obesity, it should be refined as a useful indicator of high level performance. Indeed, it reveals trade-off between power, energy capacity and organization of efficient body structure for high level athletes. In athletic performance, the whole body is in action, and mass, height and BMI take into account the entire athlete who moves. Some conclusions from the findings of this thesis arise new thoughts in the performance understanding and will generate the development of experimental protocols. Physiques are the expression of the performance as well as the organization from which it is realized. The results of this thesis, based on the analysis of consistent databases, provide a new vision on morphological optimizations. For the purpose of performance, it is necessary to know the optimizations established in order to situate athletes in their morphological fields, but also enable them to move towards better anthropometric adaptation specific of their activities
Armao, Meliet Elizabeth. "Mobiliser l'expérience de l'incertitude au service du développement de la personne en formation à distance : analyse de récits de vie de sportifs de carrière en reconversion." Rouen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ROUEL017.
Full textThis research aims at understanding the stakes of the career transition of high-level athletes, in order to determine the obstacles to training they encounter and consequently recommend principles of accompaniment. We more specifically try and determine to what extent those athletes may mobilize their experience of uncertainty so as to embrace their career transition in the context of distance learning. For this purpose, we first describe the characteristics of the identity of high-level athletes by tackling the legacy of their history as well as the particularities of the intensive practice of sport in a competitive environment. We then analyze the implications of career transition for this specific audience. We have noticed that high-level athletes are likely to experience uncertainty through career ruptures and identity crises; in order to better understand the moving forces of that experience, we attempt to define and examine four characteristics of uncertainty, i. E. Indetermination, unpredictability, confusion of standards and uncertainty regarding knowledge. Our study then consists in analyzing four interviews with two high-level athletes in the course of career transition through distance learning. The first one is a life-story interview tracing the personal, professional and athletic path of the athletes. The second tackles their experience of training so as to observe the evolution of representations connected to the aforementioned uncertainties in their discourse. We notably conclude that career transition cannot succeed without concerted adjustment regarding this transition between all parties involved, starting with the overhauling of the notion of double projet which entangles the athletes in a certain form of guilt
Kispeter, Zsofia Lodini Alain Pavlik Gabor. "Paramètres morphologiques, fonction, Doppler Tissulaire et analyse des contraintes du ventricule gauche chez les sportifs âgés de 45 à 55 ans." Reims : S.C.D. de l'Université, 2007. http://scdurca.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000739.pdf.
Full textAdonon, Sènoudo Roland Ralph Medelli Jean. "Etude du statut métabolique et hormonal lors de l'exercice musculaire incrémental et intermittent chez les cyclistes de haut niveau. Implications pratiques et prédiction." Reims : S.C.D. de l'Université, 2009. http://scdurca.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00001018.pdf.
Full textDelecroix, Barthélémy. "Charge de travail et blessure dans le football de haut niveau." Thesis, Lille 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL2S012/document.
Full textElite football has been described as an activity with a very high level of injury risk. Workload has been associated with injury incidence in several activities. In football, one of the most common tools used to quantify the internalworkload is a method based on the perceived exertion. With this method, the players are asked to subjectivelyassess the global intensity of the session. The workload is calculated by multiplying the perceived intensity by theduration of the session. However, the scientific level of evidence concerning the association between the internalworkload and the injury incidence in elite football is low. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to evaluate theassociation between several internal workload indicators and the injury incidence in elite level football players.This thesis is based on 5 different parts. The first part is the introduction. The second part is a review of literatureabout the workload monitoring, the relationship between the workload and the level of performance in elitefootball, the injury epidemiology in elite football, and the relationship between the workload and the injuryincidence in elite football. The third part of this thesis described the 3 cohort studies led to reach the aims of thisthesis. The fourth part corresponds to a general discussion in which the results of the cohort studies are discussedbased on the literature. The last part is a general conclusion.The main results of the prospective cohort studies led indicate associations between internal workload indicatorsand injury incidence with elite football players. Associations have been identified between the internal workloadand injury incidence with elite level players from a youth academy. The results of these studies also indicate thateven if the workload is associated with the injury incidence in football, the workload cannot be considered as aninjury prediction tool.The results of this thesis give information about the way the workload can be monitored by practitioners and onthe way the workload indicators should be used to help the decision making process
Elfaqir, Fatima. "Athlètes marocaines de haut niveau : émergence, visibilité, effacement : 1956-2016." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1178.
Full textThis study deals with Sports in contemporary Morocco on the grounds of a historical standpoint. It focalises more particularly upon the gender dimension of Athletics during the period starting in 1956 (independence of Morocco) and ending in 2016 (Rio de Janeiro Olympic Games). Some major issues are addressed in this respect. This is the case of the general conditions prevailing in the country as regards women’s rights, their presence in the public sphere (as defined by Habermas) and the difficulties they have to face because of cultural and social prejudice and stereotypes. Along with these conditions, the study analyses the main stages, modalities (trainings) and “incentives” that have paved the way for the emergence of female athletes, the achievements of an elite at various levels, and how some them retrospectively perceive their sporting trajectories.Narratives and oral testimonies of twenty-one selected athletes have in fact provided a large part of the row materiel relied upon in this thesis. The use of this sort of data helps compensating, up to a certain extent, the lack of substantial official archives and specific academic studies dealing with sport’s history in Morocco. However, because of their personal and subjective dimension, testimonies and memory remain problematic in many respects Additional complications are due to the particular “statute” of the author of this thesis - having been herself an athlete and member of the National Athletic Training Institute.Despite these obstacles, the study, which the author would like to consider as a contribution to the historiography dealing with Morocco’s recent past and “immediate history”, tried nevertheless to analyse and assess the various stages that Athletics, performed by girls and women in this country, went through, with its ups and downs, from its early beginning to nowadays
Forté, Lucie. "Devenir sportif de haut niveau : approche sociologique de la formation et de l'expression de l'excellence athlétique." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/483/.
Full textAgainst the perception witch associates the sportive success with some innate physical qualities, we analyse the social circumstances of the athletic success. We focalize our analysis on the social interactions and the socializing processes which characterize the high level athlete's social trajectories. In order to characterise those trajectories, we focalize on the successive stages of the athletic career which are qualified in the light of a vocational inculcation and a conversion to a particular project of life. To understand those social processes, we analysis the configurations which are less or more likely to assist the construction and the activation of an habitus defined as a dispositional system less or more adapted to the objective reality of the career. Breaking the myths of the sportive success we also analyse the high level athlete's social distribution according to their class, sex and race. Indeed, families participate to the transmission and the development of the sportive capital and their availability is a discriminating factor for the development of the sportive career. The analyse of the gender regime which takes place in the world of the high level athletic competition also reveals some processes of segregation and social distinction which have an influence on the sportive involvement. The world of the high level performance is also characterised by some processes of racial identification which define several communities which boundaries are less or more vague and permeable. In this, the involvement in the athletic career is sometimes coloured of some ethnical claims and a stigma reversal
Touré, Alioune Badara. "L'apport des théories de l'autorégulation dans le vécu des blessures chez les sportifs." Thesis, Metz, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010METZ017L/document.
Full textIt is recognized that to reach elite level in sports at least ten years of trainings and competitions are required. This commitment can be ruined by an injury that is minor, moderate or severe. Thus we believe that psychological response accompanies the rehabilitation process and “return to sport” phase.It's interesting to better understand the psychological factors that accompany the rehabilitation, so we conducted an analysis of the psychological process in four points. The first point underlines the model of psychological response to sport injury proposed by Wiese-Bjornatal et al. (1998). The second point is on the comparison of the coping strategies used by injured and uninjured athletes. The third point concerns the evolution of motivations (intrinsic and extrinsic amotivation) from the beginning of the rehabilitation to the "return-to-sports” in athletes with a moderate injury. Our last article is a proposal for modeling the factors influencing anxiety during the rehabilitation in athletes with severe injuries.Our results suggest that athletes use different strategies during rehabilitation; these strategies are mainly problem-focused strategies. Finally we suggest that a model completing the model of Wiese-Bjorstal et al (1998) including “return to sport” issues would help to better understand the complexity of psychological phenomena that accompany the injury
Honta, Marina. "Politique(s) et administration(s) du sport de haut niveau en région : la territorialisation inachevée ?" Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR28646.
Full textHigh level sport was previously jointly managed by State and sporting movement, it still remains today 16 years after Defferre’s reform, a centralized competence. However an appeal is made to local institutions to contribute to the elaboration and enforcement of the public policy. In this way local and regional Councils mainly provide a promotional and communicational support. Though and because both of them operate in juridical vagueness, some opposite effects could be observed in sport-elite territoriality. The Aquitaine situation presents an analysis framework enabling to explain the territorial been led within the Aquitaine Region and among its five Counties reveal several dysfunctions, such as frequent re-interpretations of the official definition of sport excellence, a tendency for both regional levels to enforce redundant policies, indeed it is even used as a mean to intensify or perpetuate the historical conflicting aspect of relations between Regions end Counties. If it is not necessary a matter of urgency, a regulation of the system seems yet to be imperative. Therefore the present work suggests a potential way to improve the system
Elloumi, Mohamed. "Suivi hormonal, métabolique, nutritionel et comportemental du sportif de haut niveau : relation avec la compétition et la récupération." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CLF20047.
Full textProia, Stéphane. "Psychologie et anthropologie cliniques du dopage sportif : de l'expérimentation de soi à l'illusion maintenue." Montpellier 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON30027.
Full textNowadays, practicing a high-level sport has become a risky profession. With the scientific hold and the economical goals of profitability that rule over the high-level competitions, suffering has over-taken the pleasure of the game. According to this logic, the recourse to the incorporation of the performance enhancing substance is confirmed has a defense mecanism intended to alleviate the denial of the complaint, made worse by the performance injonction placed under the sign of the communication double-bind to which teenage champions are subjected. The over-investement in medications acts as an identity holding cord that maintains the illusion of omnipotence in regard of an other. Concerning sport for everyone, we determined five parameters of the psychic dimension that influence the consummation variable : defective identification, esthetic idealisation, sensation search, hold relationship, protective shield effect
Kispeter, Zsofia. "Paramètres morphologiques, fonction, Doppler Tissulaire et analyse des contraintes du ventricule gauche chez les sportifs âgés de 45 à 55 ans." Reims, 2007. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000739.pdf.
Full textNormal aging is associated with the impairment in left ventricular diastolic filling. To test the hypothesis, that endurance training at a recreational level (less than 5 hrs/week) and at a high level (more than 5 hrs/week) among 45-55 years old men, is associated with enhanced ventricular diastolic filling indices, pulsed Doppler, pulsed Doppler Tissue imaging, and FE analyzis were carried out. The physiologic increase of LV which is manifesting in the thickening of IVST, dilatation of left ventricular internal diameter (LVID) and the thickening of posterior wall thickness (PWT), in response to exercise spent more than 5 hours/week among the MTG occurs in parallel with an augmentation of the diameter of the left atrium (LA) and with the decrease in late wave velocity (Aa) on the lateral side of the heart despite of the missing significative differences between standard echocardiographic indexes. Systolic function seems to be preserved among the three groups. Additionally, it seems that that under normal conditions the influence of stress on the tissue of the heart should not be disregarded in ventricular mechanics and the finite element analysis can be a useful method for a better understanding of heart mechanics. This finding underlines the hypothesis that the decline of the LV diastolic function related to aging is due in part of lifestyle, and not only to aging itself and the worsening of the diastolic indexes can be prevented by a well loaded training. Furthermore, DTI may be useful for the screening of middle aged athletes and to distinguish pathological form of hypertrophy from physiologic hypertrophy
Laval, Fabienne. "Impacts de l'environnement sur la peau des sportifs de haut niveau : vers une écologie corporelle du paraitre des sensations et des techniques." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR017.
Full textFrench people are 45% to practice 2 hours of sport by week, until they are 90% to consume sport’s images. The high level athlete unified those two ways of sports being. Our hypothesis is that athlete’s skin tells a lot about our environments and embodiments. Skin symbolize ways of dwelling the world, a body ecology witch this thesis try to understand. Athlete skin is a resilience process that confers to them their exceptional properties. Skin athletes is also an embodiment support for the sport marketing and the transmedia who appropriates skins biological and psychological functions.It’s also a forgotten ecosystem revealing by postmodern paradigm founded on shiver and aesthetics theories. To analyze those mutation we have worked on several data:- Bibliometric enquiry on high level athlete skins- Biography and documentary on sports champions- 76 record from high level athletes- 200 publicities- Global data on celebrities of sport