Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sport Innovation'

This thesis is a history of ABC television sports broadcasting, focussing on Test cricket coverage to the 1970s and the reinvention of ABC sport following World Series Cricket (WSC). It charts public broadcasting innovation, using ABC sport to illustrate public broadcasting's role as both a comprehensive and a complementary sports broadcaster, but at different times. The thesis confronts received wisdom of a WSC "revolution" with analysis of ABC production and audience strategies. The thesis places the contemporary era of ABC TV sport in this historical frame, with its focus on sports ignored by commercial broadcasters, including women's and Paralympics sport.

Ce projet de thèse étudie la relation entre le comportement inter-organisationnel et l’innovation au sein des clusters de sport. L’objectif est de répondre à deux questions centrales de recherche. La première question concerne les composantes d’un cluster de sport. La deuxième examine l’influence du comportement inter-organisationnel citoyen sur l’innovation de produit au sein des clusters de sport. Cette recherche utilise la méthode de l’étude de cas en étudiant quatre cas, dans deux secteurs sportifs et trois pays. La collecte des données consiste en des entretiens semi-directifs et formels (103), des entretiens exploratoires et informels (14), des observations non-participatifs (17), et d’un ensemble de données secondaires, telles que des informations organisationnelles et des données issues d’archives. La collecte et l’analyse des données proposent une approche combinant des méthodes inductives et déductives; ainsi, le travail utilise une démarche abductive. Les questions de recherche sont déduites de la littérature. Toutefois, l’analyse des données inclut des éléments emprunts à la méthode inductive. L’analyse inclut le codage des données avec NVivo 10, dont découlent des tableaux de fréquences, des rapports, et des analyses intra-cas et inter-cas.Les résultats montrent que les clusters de sport dépendent fortement de facteurs locaux spécifiques. Dans le cadre du développement et de la durabilité des clusters de sport, les principaux facteurs sont géoéconomiques, socio-économiques, et ceux liés au sport. Les facteurs politiques, géographiques, et historiques sont moins importants. Ces clusters regroupent un ensemble d’organisations sous forme de typologies, qui inclut le fabricant de l’équipement principal, les équipementiers associés, les fabricants d’accessoires, les prestataires de services liés au produit, les media, les concepteurs, les organisations relatives au sport professionnel et amateur, les institutions de l’éducation et de la recherche, et les organismes de gouvernance. Les organisations relatives au cluster sont liées entre elles, au travers de relations et réseaux formels et informels. Les comportements les plus courants dans ces liaisons sont l’avancement, l’altruisme, la loyauté, et la collaboration. Ces comportements favorisent l’innovation au sein des clusters. Les liens externes entre les organisations du cluster sont facilités par la citoyenneté inter-organisationnelle et encouragent l’innovation pendant tout le processus d’innovation, surtout par rapport à l’innovation relative au matériel, ainsi que celle liée au design ou à l’usage. Ce projet de thèse propose de réaliser davantage de recherches sur les clusters de sport, ainsi que sur le comportement inter-organisationnel citoyen et ses conséquences
This thesis investigates the relationship between interorganisational behaviour and innovation in sport clusters. Two central research questions are addressed. The first research question asks what constitutes a sport cluster. The second research question investigates the influence of interorganisational citizenship behaviour on product innovation in sport clusters.This thesis employs a multiple case study research design, investigating four cases in two sport sectors and three countries. The data collection consists of formal semi-structured interviews (103), explorative informal interviews (14), non-participatory observations (17), and secondary data (i.e. organisational information and archival data). The data collection and analysis is a combination of deduction and induction, hence an abductive approach. The research questions are informed by literature. However, data analysis includes inductive tactics. Data analysis processing consists of interview transcribing and report writing. Data was analysed with data coding in NVivo 10, frequency counts, report writing, within-case analysis, and cross-case analysis. Results reveal that sport clusters depend heavily on location-specific factors. Most important for sport cluster development and sustainability are geo-economic, socio-economic, and sport-related factors. Less important are political, geographical, and historical location-specific factors. These clusters comprise typical cluster organisations as members which include core equipment manufacturers, system suppliers, accessory suppliers, services providers, media, designers, professional and amateur sport, education/research institutions, and governing bodies. These cluster organisations are connected via formal and informal relationships and networks. The most common interorganisational behaviours within those linkages are advancement, altruism, loyalty, and collaboration. These behaviours enhance innovation in clusters. External links between cluster organisations are facilitated through interorganisational citizenship. These links foster innovation throughout the entire innovation process, particularly material innovation but also design and use innovation. This thesis suggests further research of sport clusters as well as the study of interorganisational citizenship behaviour and its outcomes

This research looks to understand the role digital media plays to inspire and sustain sports participation and how digital media could be used as a socially inclusive tool. The study explores if strategically packaged digital media could be used in a socially inclusive way to increase or sustain sports participation. This would address one of the problems facing sports organisations, as sports participation is decreasing or at least stagnating both in South Africa and on a global scale. This study followed an exploratory, inductive approach, using Self-determination Theory (SDT) developed by Deci and Ryan (1985) as a theoretical framework. The paper looks to understand what research has been done to understand how people are motivated to participate in sport and the proven theories that have been tested (Pelletier et al., 1995) to understand the role of intrinsic motivation has as a powerful indicator of intention. This study made use of a qualitative, cross-sectional design and data was collected through semi-structured interviews with active participants based in Langa, Cape Town. The findings of this study showed the participants regularly accessed digital media in a manner which strongly aligned with the literature and has been shown to increase intrinsic motivation, which leads to action. The findings further show that sports media can be used as a tool for social inclusion, despite the participants socio-economic status they regularly accessed online sports content for motivational and learning purposes. Based on the findings of this research, sports organisations need to consider digital media as a viable and socially inclusive way to sustain or even increase sports participation.

En se penchant sur l'émergence d'un nouveau sport appelé le Baskin (Basket inclusif), né en Italie au début des années 2000 dans le but de permettre la participation conjointe de joueurs dits "valides" et de joueurs ayant une déficience, l'étude entend contribuer à comprendre dans quelle mesure et de quelle manière la logique sportive et la logique inclusive peuvent cohabiter. C'est le processus d'innovation sociale que représente l'itinéraire du Baskin en Italie de 2001 à 2013 que la recherche retient comme clé de lecture privilégiée pour aborder ce rapprochement problématique entre la tendance sélective du sport à créer de l'homogénéité, et la tendance inclusive à valoriser l'hétérogénéité. Le Baskin incarne-t-il dans le champ sportif un nouveau modèle culturel, une forme de sociabilité originale, une fiction démocratique innovante se situant dans cet entre-deux paradoxal, conciliant hétérogénéité et compétition, et évitant en même temps le double écueil de la normalisation et de l'assistanat ? Fort et fragile à la fois de cette double identité, sportive et inclusive, le développement du Baskin révèle un processus ouvert et incertain, où se succèdent le processus d'ingénierie pédagogique d'un sport dont l'architecture est construite selon les principes de la conception universelle, les processus délicats d'appropriation de cette invention par le milieu social, enfin l'orientation vers l'institutionnalisation de cette nouvelle pratique afin de la faire éventuellement accéder au patrimoine culturel commun. une enquête immersive est développée en tâchant de restituer quelques fragments significatifs sur ce cas inédit au travers d'un ancrage transdisciplinaire

La définition de l’Oisans ne renvoie pas seulement à un ensemble cohérent de hauteurs mais plutôt à une symbolique autour de la montagne. L’avènement de l’alpinisme au XIXe siècle offre à ce territoire sa renommée. Processus engagé depuis le début du XXe siècle, la diffusion d’une culture de masse, transforme en profondeur les usages et la structuration économique et sociale de cette terre de pastoralisme. Elle s’accentue à partir des années 1960, faisant des pratiques de loisirs sportifs une ressource majeure de l’Oisans. Les retombées économiques des sports d’hiver incitent en parallèle l’État à mettre en œuvre une politique d’aménagement rationnel pilotée par le Plan neige. En Oisans, l’attractivité de nouveaux sites contribue à inverser les rapports de force entre les « hauts lieux » et les vallées. L’intérêt pour l’alpinisme s’étiole au profit du ski. Celui-ci, avec l’accroissement du temps libre, devient une nouvelle norme sociale et culturelle, un levier d’innovation, certes, mais qui se déploie ni de manière uniforme, ni homogène. Derrière un discours convenu, véhiculé par les agents de la transformation, se laissent entrevoir des conflits, des coopérations et des négociations à propos de la gestion des terrains de jeu. Un contexte de crise permanente s’installe, il freine bientôt les velléités de développement. La conception du progrès est contrariée dans les années 1970 par l’expression d’un courant annonciateur de nouvelles transformations. Dans le même temps, des voix s’élèvent contre l’urbanisation de la montagne, illustrant les controverses portées par ces mutations. À l’aube des années 1980 « l’esprit de la glisse » dont le snowboard, le VTT ou encore le vol libre sont des emblèmes, apporte un nouveau souffle à l’Oisans. Les représentations posées sur ces pratiques influencent les différents acteurs. Ainsi leurs contributions remodèlent l’Oisans de manière asymétrique en fonction d’une dynamique d’innovation inégalement répartie sur le territoire
The definition of Oisans does not only refer to a coherent system of heights, but to symbolism around the mountains. The arrival of mountaineering in the 19th century is what made this area famous. The spread of a mass culture began in the beginning of the 20th century and transformed deeply the uses and the economic and social structuration of this land where pastoralism prevails. This intensifies in the 1960s, when recreational sports practices became a major resource in the Oisans economy. The economic fallout of winter sports thus encouraged the State to implement a policy of rational planning managed by the Plan neige (the snow plan). In Oisans, the attractiveness of new sites contributes to reversing the ratio of power between ski resorts at high altitudes and enclosed valleys. The interest for mountaineering withers in favor of skiing. With the increase of spare time, skiing becomes a new social and cultural norm, an innovation lever which does not spread out in a similar or homogeneous way. Indeed, behind the conventional speech conveyed by the agents of the transformation, one can find conflicts, cooperation and negotiations about the administration of the playing fields. A context of permanent crisis takes hold and stops the slight hope for development. In the 1970s, the conception of progress is thwarted by the expression of a trend annunciating new transformations. Simultaneously, some concerns are expressed against the urbanization of the mountains, which illustrates the controversies carried by these mutations. In the beginning of the 1980s, the spirit of winter and board sports, including snowboarding, mountain biking or hang-gliding, bring a breath of fresh air to Oisans. The representations based on these uses influence the different actors. Thereby, their contributions remodel the Oisans area in an asymmetric way, according to an innovation dynamic, which is unevenly shared within the area

I detta kandidatarbete har vi undersökt hur ett interaktivt tittande och miljön tittaren befinner sig i  kan bidra till ett ökat intresse. När vi skriver interaktivt tittande menar vi en form av åskådande där åskådaren även integrerar med tittarupplevelsen. Vi tar upp Esportens framfart och hur det har påverkat det interaktiva tittandet tillväxt. Med vår gestaltning prövar vi hur våra teoretiska påståenden kan appliceras på en social miljö. Under arbetsprocessen har vi använt oss av ett flertal metoder såsom etnografi och scrum för att slutföra vår undersökning och gestaltning.
In this bachelor's thesis we have investigated how an interactive viewing and the environment the viewer finds themselves in can contribute to increased interest. When writing interactive viewing, we mean a form of perception where the spectator also integrates with the viewing experience. We take up the progress of Esport and how it has influenced the growth of interactive viewing. With our design, we have tested how our theoretical claims can be applied in a social environment. During the work process we have used a number of methods such as ethnography and scrum to complete our survey and design.

Tyrimo objektas – inovacijų įtaka sporto organizacijų veiklai. Problema. Mokslo raida parodė, kad inovacijos turi teigiamos įtakos organizacijų veiklai (Jakubavičius ir kt., 2008), inovacijos didina organizacijos efektyvumą ir sustiprina konkurencinį pranašumą (Inaunen & Schenker-Wicki, 2011; Hossein et al., 2011), tačiau kaip jos diegiamos ir kaip efektyviai panaudojamos sporto organizacijose pasigendama (Hossein et al., 2011). Todėl magistrinio darbe keliamas toks probleminis klausimas: Kaip yra taikomos inovacijos sporto organizacijoje ir kokia jų įtaka organizacijos veiklai? Darbo tikslas – nustatyti inovacijų įtaką sporto organizacijų veiklai. Darbo uždaviniai: 1. Išanalizuoti ir apibendrinti sporto organizacijos valdymo specifiką. 2. Išsiaiškinti kas yra inovacija ir apibrėžti jos įtaką sporto organizacijų veiklai. 3. Išanalizuoti Lietuvos lengvosios atletikos federacijos veiklą ir valdymo struktūrą. 4. Ištirti kokios inovacijos yra taikomos Lietuvos lengvosios atletikos federacijoje, bei kokie veiksniai lemia jų taikymą ir pateikti tolimesnes jų taikymo galimybes. Išvados: Sporto organizacija yra sporto reiškinio įgyvendintoja ir vystytoja, ji rengia sporto produktus rinkai bei daro įtaką tų produktų vartojimui. Inovacijų taikymas sporto organizacijose yra nenutrūkstamas procesas, kuris integruojamas į visą sporto organizacijos veiklą. LLAF veiklos siekis yra populiarinti lengvosios atletikos sporto šaką. LLAF koordinuoja sporto šakos apraiškas bei sporto produktus... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
The object of research: the influence of innovations for sport organizations. Problem. Scientific developments have shown that innovations has a positive influence for organizations (Jakubavičius et al., 2008), innovations increases the efficiency of the organization and enhance competitive advantage (Schenker & Inaunen-wick, 2011, Hossein et al., 2011), but how they are implemented and effectively used for sport organizations are lacked (Hossein et al., 2011). Therefore, the master at work raises the problematic question: How is applied the innovations in sport organization and what their influence for the organization's activities? The aim of work: to indentify the influence of innovations for sport organizations. The task of work: 1. To analyze and summarize the specifics of the management of sport organizations. 2. To find out what is the definition of innovation and define the influence of innovations for sport organizations. 3. To analyze Lithuanian athletics federation activities and management structure. 4. To investigate what kind of innovations are applied in Lithuanian athletics federation and what factors determine their application and provide further opportunities for their application. Conclusions: Innovations in sport organizations are continuous process that is integrated into the whole sports organization activities. Lithuanian athletics federation activities goal is to promote athletics sport. Lithuanian athletics federation coordinate sports products and... [to full text]

Mestrado em Economia e Gestão de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação
Os diferentes modelos de negócio têm vindo a sofrer alterações sobretudo devido ao atual contexto económico. Perante um mercado cada vez mais competitivo e onde existem cada vez mais players é necessário que as empresas criem valor diferenciado para os clientes / parceiros. Essa diferenciação pode ser obtida através das diferentes vertentes do fenómeno da inovação: inovação nos produtos/serviços (radical ou incremental); inovação nos processos internos (essencialmente para aumentar a eficiência em termos de custos); inovação organizacional. Assim, a gestão do Sport Lisboa e Benfica, que, enquanto clube goza de um elevado grau de brand equity devido à fidelidade, emoção e lealdade que os seus adeptos e associados (que são os clientes finais) transmitem, nos últimos anos tem-se destacado dos restantes clubes (mais no plano nacional) através do fator inovação que aplica em diversas áreas: produtos e serviços; modelos de negócio; processos internos. Esta aposta em produtos e serviços inovadores, em consonância com uma prestação desportiva (num plano europeu) positiva, nos últimos anos, tem possibilitado ao Benfica figurar, constantemente, na lista dos 30 clubes europeus com receitas mais elevadas.
The various business models have been subject to change, in particular due to the current economic climate. In an increasingly competitive market, with new players appearing every day, companies must create value through differentiation for their clients and partners. This differentiation may be established through the various branches of what is broadly labelled as "innovation": (radical or incremental) innovation of products/services; innovation of internal process (focusing on increasing cost efficiency); organizational innovation. Sport Lisboa e Benfica enjoys a high level of brand equity given the loyal and emotional relationship their fans and members (their end clients) have towards the brand. In the last few years, SLB´s management has increasingly distanced the Club from it’s competitors, especially in the Portuguese market, through the effective application of innovation strategy to their operation in different areas: products and services; business models; internal process. This strategic effort in innovative services and products has, over the last few years and hand in hand with a positive sporting effort at European Level, supported Benfica´s regular presence in the top 30 highest grossing European clubs.

La diffusion des matériaux constitue la clé de voute du système technologique sur lequel est base l'industrie du sport instrumente (ski, cycle, nautisme). Ceux-ci rendent en effet possible l'amélioration des produits existants, tout en créant de nouvelles activités l'auteur sollicite tout d’abord des champs théoriques varies pour préciser le concept de diffusion (économie industrielle, sciences de gestion, marketing, sociologie, ethnologie des objets) ii souligne ensuite les spécificités et les contraintes inhérentes a l'industrie du sport : celle-ci se révèle complexe, ce qui nécessite une méthodologie sophistiquée. En considérant trois niveaux d'analyse (la demande, le secteur industriel, l'organisation), l'auteur mène enfin trois recherches empiriques (enquête auprès des pratiquants, analyses sectorielles études de cas). Ces investigations permettent d'affiner le concept théorique de diffusion de l'innovation, tout en apportant des éléments de réponse aux préoccupations des praticiens de l'industrie du sport (notamment en matière de stratégie, marketing, recherche & développement)
The diffusion of materials is the keystone of the technological system on which the instrumented sports industry relies (skiing, cycling, sailing). Materials allow improvements of existing products as well as they create new sports activities. The author first appeals to varied theoretical fields in order to define more precisely the concept of diffusion (industrial economics, management science, marketing, sociology, ethnology of things). He then points out the specificities and constraints inherent in the sports industry : as the latter proves complex, a sophisticated methodology is required. Considering three levels in his analysis (the demand the industrial sector, the organization), the author carries out three empirical researches (survey by sportsmen and women, sector analysis and case studies) these investigations allow him to precise the theoretical concept of innovation diffusion, as well as to bring parts of an answer to the managers in the sports industry (especially in the fields of marketing, research and development or strategy)

Träningshysterin är på sin topp just nu. Idag är träning någonting många prioriterar för att må bra. Av intensivt fysiskt arbete, som till exempel hård styrketräning eller crossfit får man snabbt valkar och sår i händerna. Det finns en uppsjö av handskar designade för olika typer av träning på marknaden, trots detta används handskarna inte alls av många. Orsaken är dels att handskydd har fått en stämpel som ”fånigt” i träningssamanhang och dels upplevs handskar som ett hinder snarare än ett skyddsmedel. Detta eftersom gymhandskar upplevs klumpiga och försämrar greppet.  Begreppet design handlar inte endast om utseende och estetik, utan innefattar även funktionalitet. God design är när man uppfyller ett behov hos användarna både vad gäller utseende och funktion. Genom ett antal kvantitativa intervjuer, enkäter, tester, undersökningar samt observationer har data samlats in för att förstå målgruppens behov och krav. Dessa behov och krav har sedan fått stå i fokus genom hela designprocessen för att komma fram till ett slutkoncept som skyddar händerna på ett innovativt, diskret och smidigt sätt.

Pour faire face à la « crise du lien social », le sport associatif est appelé par les politiques publiques, depuis les années 1980, à jouer un rôle d'intégration et d'insertion des populations considérées comme « en difficulté ». Le cadre associatif est ainsi appréhendé comme un bastion pacificateur où se développe une citoyenneté et des comportements civiques complémentaires de l'école et de la famille. Pour autant, tous les clubs implantés au cœur, en périphérie ou à l'extérieur des quartiers populaires se préoccupent de façon inégale des problématiques socio-éducatives (CHARRIER, JOURDAN, 1999). L'implication des clubs affiliés aux fédérations unisports dans les dispositifs d'intégration et d'insertion par le sport semble résulter de l'intensité et de la durabilité d'engagement d'individus d'exception (CHARRIER, 1999 ; GASPARINI, VIEILLE MARCHISET, 2008). La thèse proposée s'intéresse aux mécanismes porteurs de la dynamique d'innovation sociale (FONTAN, KLEIN, TREMBLAY, 1995) au sein des clubs sportifs implantés ou souhaitant s'implanter dans les quartiers populaires. A travers une enquête de terrain réalisée dans cinq clubs sportifs durant trois ans ainsi qu'une enquête exploratoire auprès de vingt-quatre clubs dans le cadre d'une recherche-action, des relevés ethnographiques et des entretiens réalisés auprès des principaux acteurs participant au réseau porteur de la dynamique d'innovation (CALLON, 1999) ont été réalisés. Suivant les principes fondateurs de la théorie Enracinée (STRAUSS, CORBIN, 2004), les résultats se concentrent sur des mécanismes cognitifs, managériaux et coopératifs, identitaires et territoriaux. Les dirigeants associatifs interrogés repèrent des indices d'un changement d'état du sport et d'une transformation de la société où le club se présente à la fois comme un réceptacle de ces maux et un espace possible de création de réponses. Le projet associatif est alors questionné par l'émergence de besoins et de solutions qui peuvent s'inscrire en marge des normes en place et des valeurs défendues (ALTER, 1993). Une réorganisation de l'association se produit alors en passant par la redéfinition des places et des rôles des acteurs autour d'une problématique de développement du club, dont les approches varient d'un club à un autre. Au regard de l'esprit du club, des dirigeants, des usagers réceptifs, des acteurs-passerelle et des porte-paroles prennent place dans la dynamique d'innovation sociale pour en infléchir son mouvement. Au-delà des acteurs, des alliances et des coopérations, notamment autour de tandems de dirigeants, s'organisent et redéfinissent les pratiques démocratiques. La dynamique d'innovation sociale n'est pas uniquement l'affaire des seuls membres du club qui s'organisent pour faire émerger des actions destinées à répondre aux besoins sociaux dans ou en marge du club. Elle est une activité en réseau qui déborde le périmètre des membres et des proches du club. Le réseau porteur de l'innovation sociale est composé d'acteurs institutionnels et/ou collectif qui vont attribuer une légitimité à l'action associative innovante. Les clubs sportifs vont composer avec ces deux types de réseau (inter-personnel de quartier et institutionnel) privilégiant ainsi le référentiel identitaire d'acteur de « quartier » dont la pratique sportive est une ressource ou celui d'acteur du « sport » dont l'approche territoriale est un moyen supplémentaire de développement
No English abstract available

Na uzorku od 118 ispitanika - raspoloţivih menadţera različitih nivoa u organizacionoj strukturi sportskih organizacija iz četiri izabrana kolektivna sporta (fudbal, košarka, rukomet i odbojka) u najvišem rangu nacionalnih takmičenja, sprovedeno je ispitivanje relacija izmeĎu liderstva, organizacione kulture, resursa kojima sportske organizacije raspolaţu (ljudskih, materijalnih, finansijskih i informacionih), i podrške inovacijama za primenu marketing koncepta u timskim sportovima.Na osnovu saţimanja prethodno razmotrenih dosadašnjih istraţivanja o relacijama marketing koncepta sa ulaznim resursima koji uzrokuju njegovu transformaciju, formulisan je hipotetski teorijski model sa zadatkom da orijentiše empirijsko istraţivanje. Jezgro modela je hipoteza o uslovljenosti marketing koncepta, opštim statusom marketinga i okolnostima za njegovu primenu u organizaciji (sportska grana, takmičarski tip kluba, sportski objekti, kadrovi, finansije, sponzori, lokalna zajednica), i medijatorskim dejstvom tri opšta faktora: Organizacionom kulturom učenja, Stilom rukovoĎenja i Inovacijama. Varijacijama povezanosti pomenutih dimenzija, dobijeni su modaliteti punog teorijskog modela.Radi boljeg razumevanja funkcionisanja mehanizama delovanja izmeĎu komponenti u okviru polaznih osnova relacija marketing koncepta, u ovom istraţivanju korišćen je pristup koji je podrazumevao path analizu i analizu medijacije. Ovakav izbor je usledio zbog mogućnosti utvrĎivanja kako direktnog, tako i posrednog uticaja meĎu varijablama.Rezultati statističkih analiza pokazuju da se moţe konstatovati da je Marketing koncept u timskim sportovima u Srbiji u odnosu na faktor karakteristika sportskog kluba direktno povezan sa statusom sportske grane, tržišnom pozicijom svakog kluba u svom sportu, sportsko-takmičarskim rezultatom i edukacijom menadžera. Što se tiče Okruženja, kao drugog egzogenog faktora, direktan efekat se ispoljava posredstvom efekta sponzora, dok šire okruţenje (lokalna zajednica) nema značajniji efekat. Od medijatorskih varijabli jedini direktni efekat prisutan je kod Organizacione kulture učenja.Pored direktnih, utvrĎeni su i pojedini indirektni efekti sa punom ili parcijalnom medijacijom. Analiza indirektnih efekata pokazuje da interpretacija Marketing koncepta treba da uzme u obzir i značaj posrednih efekata takmičarskog tipa kluba na inovacije i kulturu učenja, inovacija i kulture učenja meĎusobno, i mesta na stil menadžmenta.Stoga, moţe se konstatovati da je klima inovativnosti ključna tačka oslonca za organizacijske, liderske i kulturne promene u sportskim klubovima kojima oni mogu stupiti u savremeno poslovno i sportsko-takmičarsko okruţenje koje zahteva postavljanje sporta na princip marketing koncepta. Sa promenom inovativnosti u klubu, uspostavlja se medijaciona staza za klubove u sportskim granama već otvorene marketinškim uticajima. Pomenutoj intervenciji u orijentaciji klime inovativnosti u klubu, doprinosi, takoĎe, tip kluba u pogledu njegove takmičarske orijentacije (varijabla tip kluba), pa i korišćenje imovinskog potencijala koji moţe da se stavi u funkciju marketinškog poslovnog nastupa kluba (varijabla imovina kluba).Sve navedeno u diskusiji pokazuje veliku zavisnost savremenih sportskih organizacija od marketinga - istraţivanja trţišta (publike, članstva i simpatizera, sponzora, medija) i nalaţenja efektivnih strategija (marketing miksa)... Organizacije koje ne uspevaju da primene marketing koncept u svoj menadţment, pokazuju manje uspeha - poslovnog, društveno-političkog, ali i sportsko-takmičarskog. Uz ovu konstataciju, jasno se ukazuje da je budućnost sportskih klubova upravo usmerena na koncepte liderstva, marketinga, organizacione kulture i klime za inovacije na čijim se činjenicama temelji ovo istraţivanje. Ovi uticaji mogu doprineti postavljanju čitavog menadţmenta sportskih klubova na temelj marketing koncepta.
In a sample of 118 respondents – managers from various levels of the organizational structure of sports organizations engaged in four team sports at the highest level of national competitions (football, basketball, handball and volleyball), a study was conducted on relations between leadership, organizational culture, resources available to sports organizations (human, material, financial and information resources), and support to innovations regarding the implementation of the concept of marketing in team sports.On the basis of summarizing previously reviewed earlier research on relations between the concept of marketing and the inputs that cause its transformation, a hypothetical theoretical model was formulated with a mission to direct empirical research. The core of the model is a hypothesis of dependence of the concept of marketing on general status of marketing and conditions for its implementation within the organization (sports branch, competitive type of the club, sports facilities, personnel, finance, sponsors, local community), and the mediating effect of three principal factors: Organizational culture of learning, Management style and Innovation. Through variations of connections between the aforementioned dimensions, we obtained different modalities of a full theoretical model.For better understanding the mechanisms of mutual relations between the different components within the baseline concept of marketing relations, an approach which included path analysis and analysis of mediation was used in this research. This choice followed because of the possibility of determining both direct and indirect impacts between variables.Results of statistical analysis show that it can be concluded that the concept of marketing in team sports in Serbia in relation to the factor of sports club characteristics, is directly connected with the status of the sport branch, the market position of each club in its sport, sports-competition result and education of managers. Regarding the Environment, as the second exogenous factor, the direct effect is manifested through the effect of sponsor, while broader environment (local community) has no significant effect. Regarding the mediating variables the direct effect is present only in a culture of learning.In addition to direct, there are also some indirect effects with full or partial mediation. Analysis of the indirect effects shows that the interpretation of the Concept of marketing should take into account the importance of indirect effects of competitive type of the club to innovation and culture of learning, mutual effects between the innovation and culture of learning, and the effect of place to management style.Therefore, it can be concluded that the climate for innovations is crucial fulcrum for organizational, leadership and cultural changes in sports clubs which could provide modern business, sports and a competitive environment which requires implementation of the concept of marketing principle in the sport. With the change of innovativity within the club, a mediating path will be set up for clubs in the sport branches already open for marketing influences. The type of the club in terms of its competitive orientation (variable type of the club), and the use of the property potential that could be used for the marketing-business performance of the club (variable assets of the club) also contribute to the mentioned intervention regarding the orientation towards the climate of innovation in the club.All of the mentioned in the above discussion shows the great dependence of modern sports organizations on marketing – market research (audience, membership and supporters, sponsors, media) and finding effective strategies (marketing mix)... Organizations that fail to apply – to include a concept of marketing in their management – show less business, social-political, but also competitive success. This statement clearly indicates that the future of sports clubs is focused on the concepts of leadership, marketing, organizational culture and climate of innovation, which represent a basis for this research. These effects may contribute to placing the entire management of sports clubs on the foundation created by the concept of marketing.

The purpose of the current study was to examine the level of support for innovation and individual creativity as potential mediators of relationship between managerial task performance, managerial contextual performance, organizational financial performance and employee performance in non-profit sport organizations in Turkey. For the purpose of the study, 721 volunteer managers and employees from 21 Department/School of Physical Education and Sport (D-SPES) and 23 Province Directorates of Youth and Sport (PDYS) were participated in the study. Individual Creativity Scale, Support for Innovation Scale, Managerial Task Performance Scale, Managerial Contextual Performance Scale, Organizational Financial Performance Scale, and Employee Performance Scale were used for data collection. Results of the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis revealed that the model adequately describes the data for the sample and the fit indices were all within the acceptable thresholds. The model accounted for 68% variance in support for innovation, 0.7% variance in individual creativity and 44% variance in employee performance. These results suggested that support for innovation and individual creativity significantly mediate the effects of managerial task performance, managerial contextual performance and organizational financial performance on employee performance.

This thesis describes effects of use and reasons for using three different organisational innovations: ISO 9000, Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and an administrative tool (the YAF-module) in the Swedish Sports Confederation’s system Swedish Sports Online. This is done through three separate studies. The first study is directed at Swedish Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SME) and the two following studies are directed at Swedish sport associations. The thesis contains three separate essays presenting the studies and an introductory part where the studies are compared.

In the introductory part of the thesis the interaction patterns between organisation and innovation are compared and discussed. I discuss the level of effort put into the decision and implementation processes, and how this is related to the satisfaction with the innovations. The patterns that emerged are quite different in the three studies. Understanding these different interaction patterns between organisation and innovation is a step away from a beneficial/ detrimental dichotomy of innovations.

The decision and implementation processes differ between the three studies regarding what parts of the organisations were involved. In the first study we saw top down decision and implementation processes, whereas in the second study we saw bottom or middle up processes. In the third study the decision and implementation was much narrower in scope, often involving only one person. I also describe how all perspectives (efficient choice, forced selection, fad and fashion perspective) suggested by Abrahamson (1991), bear some grain of truth for the adoption of ISO 9000 by SMEs and adoption of ICT by sport associations, whereas imitation (the fad and fashion perspectives) is less important in the adoption of the YAF-module. Furthermore, I discuss the parallels between human and organisational decisionmaking.

Summary of the first essay – The aim of the first study is to investigate the effects of quality management in accordance with the ISO 9000 as viewed by both quality managers and other managers. We also consider the way companies carried out the recertification process to ISO 9001:2000 and what consequences different approaches brought. The study is based on Swedish SMEs with an ISO 9000:1994 who had recertified according to the ISO 9001:2000 standard. The strongest, most obvious and most valued effects of the ISO 9000 standard are clearer and more apparent working procedures and responsibilities. The most apparent problem is bureaucracy, which according to some managers can lead to reduced flexibility. The effects of the certification vary depending on how the certification project is conducted and how consultants are used.

Summary of the second essay – This essay presents a descriptive study of the use of information and communication technology (ICT) and the change in communication patterns in Swedish sport associations over the period 1994 to 2003. The change is discussed in light of Internet and broadband diffusion. Results show that new channels for communication have been adopted, primarily Web sites and e-mail, but few established channels have been dropped. While there are associations that save time and money and increase the spirit of community using ICT, many organisations experience the increased number of communication channels as a burden since maintaining them takes extra resources but the benefits are not always easy to detect or measure. Certain characteristics common among non profit organisations (NPOs) as well as Internet and broadband access have influenced the development of ICT use.

Summary of the third essay – This essay presents a new model for analysing adoption of discretionary, public information systems (PIS) with digital use patterns (such as use or non-use, as opposed to frequency of use, or degree of engaged or compliant use). The model is based on Rogers’ innovation diffusion theory (IDT) and Nilsson’s user centred access model (UCAM). The model is an alternative to the general technology acceptance model (TAM). The AKAM-Model identifies six prerequisites for use and four management approaches and describes how these are related. To illustrate its applicability, the AKAM-Model is used to analyse the adoption of a specific module, the YAF-module, in the Swedish Sports Confederation’s (SSC) system Swedish Sports Online. We present empirical results that indicate the frequency and importance of the barriers and driving forces as experienced by the YAF-module users and the potential YAF-module users.

Denna avhandling beskriver effekterna av, och skälen för, användning av tre organisatoriska innovationer: ISO 9000, informations- och kommunikationsteknologi (ICT) och en administrativ modul (LOK-stödsmodulen) i Riksidrottsförbundets system Svenskidrott Online. Avhandlingen presenterar tre olika studier samt en kappa där studierna diskuteras och jämförs. Den första riktar sig mot svenska små och medelstora företag, och de två följande studierna riktar sig mot svenska

idrottsföreningar.

I den inledande delen av avhandlingen diskuterar jag interaktionsmönstren mellan organisation och innovation och jämför mellan de olika studierna. Jag diskuterar hur mycket kraft som läggs på besluts- och implementeringsprocessen, och hur detta är relaterat till nöjdheten med innovationen. Mönstren som framträder är olika mellan de tre studierna. Att förstå dessa interaktionsmönster är ett steg bort från dikotomin förbättring/försämring rörande innovationer.

Besluts- och implementeringsprocesserna skiljer sig också mellan studierna avseende vilka delar av organisationen som är inblandade. Den första studien handlar om ”topdown” processer medan den andra studien handlar om ”bottom-up” eller ”mitten-upp”- processer. I den tredje studien var besluts- och implementeringsprocesserna betydligt mindre omfattande, ofta var endast en person inblandad. Jag beskriver också hur alla, av Abrahamson (1991) föreslagna perspektiven (efficient choice, forced selection, fad and fashion-perspektiven) har ett korn av sanning för adoption av ISO 9000 och för adoption av ICT medan imitation (fad and fashion-perspektiven) är mindre viktigt för adoption av LOK-stödsmodulen. Utöver detta diskuterar jag också tänkbara paralleller mellan individuellt och organisatoriskt beslutsfattande.

Sammanfattning av den första studien – Syftet med studien är att undersöka effekterna av kvalitetsledning i enlighet med ISO 9000, som de upplevs av både kvalitetschefer och andra chefer. Vi beaktar också hur företagen genomför omcertifieringsprocessen till ISO 9001:2000 och vilka konsekvenser olika genomföranden fick. Studien fokuserar på svenska små och medelstora företag med ett ISO 9000:1994 certifikat som senare omcertifierat sig enligt ISO 9001:2000. De starkaste, tydligaste och högst värderade effekterna av ISO 9000 är tydligheten i arbetssätt och ansvarsfördelning. Det största problemet är byråkrati som kan leda till minskad flexibilitet. Effekterna av certifiering varierar beroende på hur certifieringsprojektet genomfördes och hur konsulter används.

Sammanfattning av den andra studien – Denna studie är deskriptiv och fokuserar på hur ICT används och hur kommunikationsmönstren förändrats i svenska idrottsföreningar under perioden 1994 till 2003. Förändringen diskuteras i ljuset av utbredningen av Internet och bredbandsuppkoppling. Resultaten visar att idrottsföreningarna har börjat använda nya kommunikationskanaler, främst hemsida och epost, men ofta inte slutat använda traditionella kanaler. Det finns föreningar som har sparat både tid och pengar samt ökat gemenskapen genom att använda ICT. Många föreningar upplever dock de nya kanalerna som en börda, i de fall de inte slutat använda några traditionella kanaler. Vissa faktorer utmärkande för ideella organisationer och vissa faktorer utmärkande för Internet- och bredbandstillgång har påverkat ICT-användningen.

Sammanfattning av den tredje studien – I denna studie utvecklas en ny modell (AKAM-modellen) för att analysera adoption av valfria, publika informationssystem (PIS) med digitala användningsmönster (d.v.s. användning eller ingen användning till skillnad från grad av användning). Modellen baseras på Rogers innovations- och diffusionsteori (IDT) och Nilssons användarcentrerade tillgångsmodell (UCAM). Modellen är ett alternativ till teknologiacceptansmodellen (TAM). AKAM-modellen baseras på sex förutsättningar för användning och fyra sätt att hantera PIS samt beskriver hur dessa är relaterade till varandra. För att illustrera tillämpbarheten av AKAM-modellen, använder vi den för att analysera adoptionen av LOK-stödsmodulen i Riksidrottsförbundets system Svenskidrott Online. Vi presenterar empiriska resultat som ger en indikation om hur vanliga och hur viktiga olika barriärer och drivkrafter är, för användare och potentiella användare av LOK-stödsmodulen.

Report code: LIU-TEK-LIC-2008:10.

Excerpt: Hiring innovative employees and promoting an innovative workplace culture is often cited as critical to organizational success (Evangelista & Vezzani, 2010; Rubera & Kirca, 2012; Sapprasert & Clausen, 2012; Walker et al., 2010).

The growing substrate of the putting greens is considered a key factor for a healthy turf ecosystem. Actually detailed study on the effects of growth promoting bacteria and biostimulants on a professional sport turf are very limited. This thesis aimed to study the effectiveness of different microorganisms and biostimulants in order to improve the knowledge relative to the relationship between the beneficial microflora and root apparatus of sport turfs. The research project was divided in three principal steps: Initially, commercial products based on biostimulants and microorganisms were tested on a Lolium perenne L. essence grown in a controlled-environment. The principal evaluations were the study of the habitus of plants, biomass production and length of leaves and roots. Were studied the capacity of colonization of microorganisms within root tissues and rhizosphere. In the second step were developed two different biostimulant solutions based on effective microorganisms, mycorrhizae and humic acids. This test was conducted both on an Agrostis stolonifera putting green (Modena Golf & Country Club) in a semi-field condition and within a growth chamber on a Lolium perenne L. essence. Fungicide and chemicals applications were suspended in order to assess the effectiveness of the inoculants for nutrition and control of pests. In the last step, different microorganism mixes and biostimulants were tested on an experimental putting green in the Turf Research Center (TRC) (Virginia Tech, United States) in a real managing situation. The effects of different treatments were studied maintaining all chemicals and mechanicals managements scheduled during a sport season. Both growth-chamber and field results confirmed the capacity of microorganisms based biostimulants to promote the physiologic conditions of the plants, improve the growth of the roots and enhance the aesthetic performance of the turf. Molecular analysis confirmed the capacity of microorganisms to colonize the root tissues.

Sports technologies are part of the growing global sports and recreation industry. In the world of high performance sport, prominent sports stars and elite coaches are increasingly tapping into the world of technology and innovation to advance performance. Innovations in technology are applied across all areas of sports science, sports medicine, sports surgery, sports rehabilitation and sports coaching to enhance elite sport performance. In many ways, the emerging era of the ‘technology driven sport space’ is changing both the way that we practice and the way we connect with sport.

Thesis advisor: Christopher Maxwell
Nike claims that their shoes, the Nike Vaporfly 4%'s, will make you 4% faster in your next marathon. This claim is evaluated by way of econometric analysis of large scale, publicly sourced data. This study seeks to prove whether or not Nike's claim is valid, and assess the implications of such technology in both competitive and amateur running
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2021
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Departmental Honors
Discipline: Economics

This paper draws on evidence from Victoria to examine why more innovation takes place in some areas than in others. In so doing, it explores the relationship between innovation and networks.
Despite a large number of recent government policy statements on innovation, there has been very little attention paid to the spatial dimensions of innovation.
The literature on innovation increasingly points to the important role played by local and regional networks in driving innovation. Innovation is the result of the production, use and diffusion of knowledge, and this demands collaboration involving networks of individuals, organisations and institutions.
To test the theory of a connection between networks and innovation across regional Victoria, patent data is used as a proxy measure for innovation. This data is then cross-referenced with various social and economic data sets.
The analysis reveals that innovation in Victoria is substantially concentrated in ‘hot spots’ such as inner Melbourne. In some parts of Victoria very little innovation takes place at all.
This research has found that all things being equal, more innovation will take place in those areas in which there is a greater density of informal networks. However, not all types of networks are positive, and they are more important in provincial areas than in big cities. Innovation clearly has a spatial aspect, and innovation policy needs to give particular attention to the requirements of provincial areas.

A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics
This work project is aimed at cooperation with the company Plux towards a project, where we aim to solve a specific problem the company wants to tackle, thus simulating a professional consultancy project. I started by discussing the problem with the company, where we agreed that the research question for my project would be “How to Increase Plux’s Market Share in the Sports Sector?” Towards this end I structured my work project in 4 key areas. First, I worked towards the Identification area, where I did an environmental, competitor and internal analysis to be able to correctly identify the problem and its context. Then, I proceeded to the Disaggregation area, where I performed a SWOT, Porter’s 5 Forces and Value Chain analysis to disaggregate the problem into its underlying components. This phase concluded with the postulation of 4 hypotheses as to the manifestations of the problem. After arriving at these hypotheses, I did a Validation phase, where I tested the validity of each hypothesis to determine its strategic importance and arrived at the conclusion that the problem was mainly a Marketing and P&S Offering issue. Finally, I provide recommendations to solve both these issues, as well as some limitations as to their applicability and impact. In the course of my work project, I maintained a close relationship with Plux by way of email exchanges and periodic meetings at their office, conducted interviews to major clients and collected data from competitors and sector institutions. I considered it to be a very rewarding professional work, and I present my thanks both to Plux’s team, who have been extremely helpful throughout the whole semester, and my counselor, for his invaluable advice and support from beginning to end.

Informacinių technologijų, rinkos ekonomikos, globalizacijos amžiaus pamatas - žmogaus kūrybiškumas, tai jis lemia mokslo, verslo, technologijų, menų - visų žmogaus siekių - pažangą. Sportas nėra didžiausia, tačiau sparčiausiai auganti laisvalaikio industrijos sudedamoji dalis, todėl kūrybiškas, rezultatyvus sporto darbuotojų darbas įvardijamas kaip vienas svarbiausių šiandieninės sporto rinkos uždavinių. Čia išryškėja analizuotina problema – kokie veiksniai skatina sporto centro darbuotojų kūrybiškumą. Todėl šio darbo tikslas yra ištirti veiksnius, skatinančius Ukmergės sporto centro darbuotojų kūrybiškumą. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1. Atskleisti teorinę kūrybiškumą skatinančių veiksnių sampratą. 2. Pristatyti patį Ukmergės sporto centrą ir veiklos organizavimą. 3. Ištirti darbuotojų kūrybiškumo ir naujovių taikymo situaciją Ukmergės sporto centre. Išvados. Sporto srityje dirbančiųjų kūrybiškumo pagrindinės raiškos sritys yra sporto paslaugų teikimas bendruomenės nariams ir individuali veikla. Kūrybiškumo raišką skatina aukšta darbuotojų profesinė savimonė ir aktyvi sąveika bendrakultūriniu požiūriu. Tirtų Ukmergės sporto centro darbuotojų kūrybiškumą skatina didžiąja dalimi vidiniai veiksniai (asmenybiniai ir motyvaciniai): bendruomenės nuomonė apie sporto centro darbuotojus, konkurencija darbe, kolegų pripažinimas, įvertinimas, skatinimo sistema - administracijos įvertinimas, skatinimas ir palaikymas. Daugeliui, ypač moterims, patinka ieškoti naujų idėjų (iššūkių) ir jas... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
Information technology, innovation, market economy, globalization old foundation - human creativity, it is determined by science, business, technology, the arts - all human aspirations - progress. Sport is not the largest, but the fastest growing leisure industry ingredient, so creative, efficient sports staff work named as one of the most important challenges of today's sports market. Scientific problem - what are the main factors which are driving a sports center employees creativity in their performance Research aim: to explore main factors which are stimulating Ukmergės sports center staff creativity. The tasks of the research: 1st - Reveal the theoretical concept of creativity . 2nd - to introduce the Ukmergės sports center and organization . 3rd - to investigate staff creativity and inventory innovation at Ukmerges sports center. Conclusions. People who work in sports area main creativity expressions are rendering services to community members and individual activity. High proffesional self-consciousness of emlpoyees and active interaction in multicultural view encourages creativity expression. The bigger part of Ukmerge sports center staff creativity stimulates inner factors (personal and motivational): community opinion about the Ukmerges sports centre employees, competition at workplace, appreciation of collegues, rating, encouragement system - evaluation of administration, encouragement and support. Majority, especially women, likes to search new ideas... [to full text]

Le systeme p. I. S. T. E. (prospective et innovation des sports a technologie elevee) est une recherche sur les engins instrumentes a caractere sportif. Cinq etudes ont ete abordees: 1) la technologie des produits diffuses en france, et les moyens d'expertise pour en cerner l'evolution; 2) l'innovation et l'invention avec une valorisation des brevets d'invention et des facteurs de creativite dans le but de concevoir plus facilement des futurs loisirs sportifs; 3) le developpement des engins modernes par lignees suivant des caracteristiques morphologiques, fonctionnelles et descriptives mettant en evidence des generations et des familles de pratique; 4) l'evaluation des nouveautes techniques et des tendances socio-economiques suivant une methodologie appropriee et adaptee a un modele d'evolution systemique des objets; 5) la constitution d'une base de donnees sur les brevets et les articles de sport dans le but de favoriser les nouvelles creations, formant une boite a outils avec indicateurs, regles, conditions et mecanismes, et permettant une meilleure qualite et un avenir plus prometteur aux nouveautes

With this project, I wish to question the processes of designing for normative, active bodies and create opportunities for more inclusive and democratic sports. It aims to render and re-engineer sports equipment as we know them.   The design thesis has been developed based on research and experiences of exclusion regarding accessible equipment for Parasports. From a norm-critical standpoint, my collaborator Ebba and I have therefore developed a new Paralympic seat and back support for the sport of rowing. As a norm-creative innovation, its design addresses the particularities of the individual body and its specific needs.  The project investigates the combination of co-creation, craft and norm-creative methods as a pragmatic and alternative approach to sports equipment. By 3D scanning Ebba’s body, digital and physical iterations were in combination with manual crafts, principles of the making. The result shows great potential as the equipment are fully functional, it consists of a sandwich construction with a (Nomex) core and layers of high modulus carbon fibre. The back support is adjustable in four axis points.  I state that if we want to engage in sustainable sports equipment, the notions of co-creation, norm-criticality and crafts have good potential in formulating inclusive and accessible outcomes that are both desirable, valuable and satisfying for people with disobedient bodies.

Resistance spot welding (RSW) is the most frequently used method for welding thin sheets in manufacturing industries such as the automotive industry, because of the high productivity of RSW. In order to reduce CO2 emissions the automotive industry strives towards creating structures of light weight, this is partly achieved by the use of lightweight materials such as Aluminum and composite materials. In parts of the car body designed to protect the driver and passengers in case of a collision High strength steel is used due to its high strength and relative high ductility. High strength steels are called Ultra High Strength Steels (UHSS) with typical ultimate tensile strength of 700 up to 2000 MPa and elongation of 10-40%. Because of the strive against lighter structures and great safety demands UHSS materials is of great interest for the automotive industry in order to create strong structures of light weight. In welding of modern materials such as UHSS with RSW, achieving adequate weld quality is a challenge. Hence this thesis aims to investigate new innovative ways to broaden the area of use and include modern materials such as UHSS for the traditional method of welding such as RSW. In RSW elliptical shaped welds are created between two or more faying metal sheets by passing current through the sheets. The current is applied to the sheets by copper electrodes in contact with the sheets on each side. The geometrical shape of these electrodes will affect multiple welding parameters such as applied stress, current density, electromagnetic stirring, temperature gradients and the possibility for the welded material to thermally expand during welding. Hence the geometrical shape of the electrodes will affect the final shape and size of the weld nugget. In this thesis RSW electrode geometries are modified and tested. The weld properties from modified electrodes are compared to the weld properties from standard RSW electrodes with respect to process robustness, weld nugget shape and size, micro hardness and weld tensile strength. Various modified geometries are used, all modified geometries are designed in order to allow the welded material to expand more, compared to standard electrodes. Previous work has been done and shown that hollow electrodes that allow the welded material to expand can improve the weld quality and process robustness. However, this has been to the cost of nugget growth in the normal direction to the welded sheet, leaving a non-uniform surface. Hence the aim of this thesis is to investigate if it is possible to widen the current range in the weld lobe diagram when welding UHSS material combinations with RSW by the use of hollow electrodes without affecting weld quality negatively compared to standard electrodes. Weld quality in this thesis will be evaluated based on surface condition, mechanical strength, micro-hardness and weld nugget size. The modified electrodes have shown better weld properties with respect of current range in the weld lobe curves in most cases tested but not all of the material combinations tested compared with standard electrodes. The surface conditions of the welded specimens have been controlled by measuring any indent and raise by line laser scanning. Modified RSW electrodes has showed improved welding properties with respect to current range in the weld lobe curves compared to standard RSW electrodes when welding UHSS material combinations. However modified electrodes have shown a higher sensitivity to misalignment and angle fault. Several material combinations of UHSS that has shown non-weldable behavior with standard RSW electrodes have shown improved current range. In the best case the current range was increased to 3,9 kA for an UHSS material combination that is non-weldable with standard electrodes.
Motståndsvetsning är den vanligaste metoden för svetsning av tunna plåtar i tillverkningsindustrier som bilindustrin på grund av den höga produktiviteten hos punktsvetsning. För att minska koldioxidutsläppen strävar bilindustrin efter att skapa lättviktskonstruktioner, vilket delvis uppnås genom användning av lätta material såsom aluminium och kompositmaterial. I delar av bilkroppen konstruerad för att skydda föraren och passagerare vid kollision används höghållfast stål på grund av sin höga hållfasthet och relativt höga duktilitet. Höghållfasta stål kallas Ultra High Strength Steels (UHSS) med typisk draghållfasthet på 700 upp till 2000 MPa och förlängning av 10-40%. På grund av bilindustrins strävan mot lättare strukturer och höga säkerhetskrav är UHSS-material av stort intresse för bilindustrin för att skapa starka strukturer av lätt vikt. Vid svetsning av moderna material som UHSS med punktsvetsning är det en utmaning att uppnå tillräcklig svetskvalitet. Därför syftar denna avhandling till att undersöka nya innovativa sätt att bredda användningsområdet och inkludera moderna material som UHSS för den traditionella svetsmetoden punktsvetsning. Under punktsvetsning skapas elliptiskt formade svetsar mellan två eller flera metallplåtar genom att ström passerar genom plåtarna. Strömmen appliceras till plåtarna genom kopparelektroder i kontakt med plåtarna på var sida. Den geometriska formen av dessa elektroder kommer att påverka flera svetsegenskaper såsom applicerad tryck, strömtäthet, elektromagnetisk omröring, temperaturgradienter och möjligheten för det svetsade materialet att termiskt expandera under svetsning. Följaktligen kommer den geometriska formen av elektroderna att påverka den slutliga formen och storleken hos svetslinsen. I denna avhandling modifieras och testas elektrodgeometrier som används vid punktsvetsning. Svetsegenskaperna från modifierade elektroder jämförs med svetsegenskaperna från standardelektroder med avseende på processens robusthet, svetslinsform-och storlek, mikrohårdhet och svetshållfasthet. Olika modifierade geometrier används, alla modifierade geometrier är utformade för att låta det svetsade materialet expandera mer jämfört med standardelektroder. Tidigare arbete har gjorts och visat att ihåliga elektroder som tillåter det svetsade materialet att expandera kan förbättra svetskvaliteten och processens robusthet. Detta har dock varit till kostnaden av svetslinstillväxt i riktning vinkelrätt till den svetsade plåten, vilket lämnar en ojämn yta. Avsikten med denna avhandling är därför att undersöka om det är möjligt att bredda användingen av punktsvetsning till svetsning av UHSS-materialkombinationer genom användning av ihåliga elektroder utan att påverka svetskvaliteten negativt jämfört med standardelektroder. Svetskvaliteten i denna avhandling kommer att utvärderas baserat på yttillstånd, mekanisk hållfasthet, mikrohårdhet och svetslinsstorlek. De modifierade elektroderna har visat bättre svetsegenskaper med avseende på svetsbarhet i de flesta fall testade men inte alla materialkombinationer som testats jämfört med standardelektroder. Ytförhållandena för de svetsade exemplen har kontrollerats genom att mäta intryck och upphöjnad på den svetsade ytan genom laserskanning. Flera materialkombinationer av UHSS som har visat sig osvetsbara med standard elektroder har visat förbättrad svetsbarhet med modifierade elektroder. I bästa fall ökade strömintervallet med godkänd svets till 3,9 kA för en UHSS-materialkombination som inte är svetsbar med standardelektroder.

Lead users are proposed as a valuable resource for marketers in terms of the (1) development, (2) adoption, and (3) diffusion of new products. We present the first consumer study to provide evidence that the latter two suggestions are justified. First, we find that lead users demonstrate stronger domain-specific innovativeness than more "ordinary" users. Second, lead users perceive new technologies as less "complex" and might therefore be better prepared to adopt them. Third, we find that lead users demonstrate stronger opinion leadership and weaker opinion seeking tendencies. Finally, we discuss the implications of our findings for the marketing of new products. (authors' abstract)

De nombreux travaux sociologiques ont analysé les processus de développement des pratiques auto-organisées. En France, ils ont notamment montré le rôle structurant des acteurs publics qui ont accompagné, en particulier par leurs politiques d’équipement et d’aménagement d’espaces sportifs, la naissance puis le développement de ces activités sportives peu institutionnalisées. L’analyse comparée des sept communes de Yaoundé (capitale du Cameroun) montre que cette articulation entre les politiques sportives et les pratiques auto-organisées pourrait se construire autrement dans les pays en voie de développement.Le cadre théorique, structuré autour des concepts « d’action publique » et « d’innovation sociale », a centré l’analyse sur deux hypothèses. La première envisage la faible influence des politiques publiques sur les espaces urbains dédiés à la pratique sportive de proximité. La deuxième renvoie à la capacité des pratiquants auto-organisés à inventer des modalités originales d’accès aux espaces sportifs.Au plan empirique, trois techniques de recueil de matériaux ont été combinées : l’analyse documentaire pour appréhender la place des espaces sportifs à Yaoundé, l’observation non participante (un « circuit urbain » a produit un recensement inédit des lieux de pratiques) et les entretiens semi-directifs pour analyser les mécanismes d’appropriation des espaces sportifs.L’analyse des matériaux empiriques montre que l’espace sportif de Yaoundé est davantage structuré par une articulation innovante, fondée sur des processus de négociation et/ou de location, entre des acteurs intermédiaires (propriétaires fonciers ou chefs de quartiers) et les pratiquants auto-organisés, plutôt que par des pouvoirs publics qui privilégient le sport de haut-niveau
Numerous sociological works analyzed the processes of development of the auto-organized practices. In France, they showed in particular the role structuring public actors who accompanied, in particular by their policies of equipment and arrangement of sports spaces, the birth then the development of these little institutionalized sports activities. The analysis compared by seven municipalities of Yaoundé (capital of Cameroon) shows that this articulation between the sports politics and the auto-organized practices could build itself differently in developing countries.The theoretical frame, structured around the concepts “of public action” and “of social innovation ”, centered the analysis on two hypotheses. The first one envisages the low influence of publics politics on the urban spaces dedicated to the sports practice of closeness. The second sends back to the capacity of the followers auto-organized to invent original modalities of access to the sports spaces.In the empirical plan, three techniques of collection of materials were organized : the documentary analysis to dread the place of the sports spaces to Yaoundé, the not participating observation (a “urban circuit” produced an unpublished inventory to the places of practices) and the semi-directive conversations to analyze the mechanims of appropriation of the sports spaces.The analysis of the empirical materials shows that the sports space of Yaoundé is more structured by an innovative articulation, based on processes of negociation and/or rent, between intermediate actors (property owners or leaders of districts) and the auto-organized followers, rather than by public authorities which favor the sport of top-level

L'analyse presentee porte sur l'etude des processus d'innovation technologique dans les industries d'articles de sport et de loisir (iasl). Une approche critique des principales conceptions de l'innovation en economie nous a conduit a developper une problematique de type meso-economique et organisationnel. Celle-ci cherche a rendre compte du processus d'innovation technologique a partir des interactions entre acteurs, strategies, organisation et environnement dans une perspective temporelle. La reconstruction de l'histoire technologique des grands marches du sport-loisir s'appuyant sur des donnees a la fois quantitatives (statistiques des depots de brevets) et qualitatives (analyse des strategies technologiques), tend a montrer l'operationnalite du concept d'itineraire technologique. Celui-ci permet de rendre compte, de maniere synthetique, de la marge de liberte dont disposent les firmes de l'iasl face aux conditions technico-economiques

The current study explored the role of psychological contract fulfilment on innovative work behaviours of employees in sport-based small business enterprises (SBEs). Building on literature from sport and non-sport organisational contexts, a model positing a direct linear relationship between psychological contract fulfilment and innovative work behaviours was proposed. Affective commitment and organisational citizenship behaviours were included in the model as partial mediators. The model was tested using a sample of 216 employees from affiliated minor league baseball franchises. Results supported a model where organisational citizenship fully mediated the relationship between psychological contract fulfilments and innovate work behaviours. Affective commitment was predicted by psychological contract fulfilment but was not significantly related to the other variables in the model.

Cette recherche vise à mettre en évidence l'application, en état, du concept de milieu innovateur (MI) au secteur des Sports et Activités en Relation (SAR), plus précisément, aux Très Petites Entreprises (TPE) et Petites Entreprises (PE) liées à la fabrication d'articles de sport (36. 4 Z NAF), implantées en Rhône-Alpes. L'auteur établit d'abord un cadre conceptuel pour une théorie de l'innovation. Pour cela, il sollicite les apports théoriques du groupe de recherche européen sur les milieux innovateurs (GREMI) afin de préciser le concept de " milieu innovateur " et de " réseau d'innovation ". Il établit ensuite un panorama de l'innovation " sportive ", souligne les spécificités de l'industrie des articles de sport (IAS), de l'économie régionale en Rhône-Alpes et présente la méthodologie adoptée (GREMI 3). En considérant cette région comme une concentration apparente de MI, l'auteur mène une recherche de terrain auprès d'hypofirmes ayant conçues un produit sportif innovant
This research aims at highlighting the application, in state, the concept of innovating environments (IE) to the sector of the Sports and the Activities in Relation (SAR), more precisely, in Small and Very Small Firms (SF/VSF) related to the manufacture of articles of sport (36. 4Z NAF), established in Rhône-Alpes. The author establishes initially a conceptual framework for a theory of the innovation. For that, it requests the theoretical contributions of the European group of research on the innovating environments (GREMI), in order to specify the concept of "innovating environments" and "network of innovation". It establishes then a panorama of the "sporting" innovation, underlines specificities of the Industry of Sport Equipment (ISE), of the regional economy in Rhône-Alpes and presents adopted methodology (GREMI 3). By regarding this area as a concentration the IE ones connect, the author undertakes a search for ground near "hypofirmes" having conceived a sporting product innovating

”Nästa generations ryggskydd” är ett examensarbete vid Innovations- och designingenjörsprogrammet på Karlstads Universitet. Uppdragsgivaren är Stefan Ytterborn på POC Sweden i Stockholm.

POC är ett företag som satsar på att utveckla ny och effektiv skyddsutrustning till alpinskidåkare för att förhindra allvarliga skador. Då utrustningen och åkstilen ständigt blir mer extrem måste även skyddsutrustningen utvecklas för att ge så bra och smidigt skydd som möjligt.

Uppdraget har gått ut på att ta fram en produkt eller metod som skyddar ryggen vid alpin skidåkning. Denna problemformulering har varit väldigt öppen och gett en hel del spelrum vid idégenerering och produktframtagning.

Examensarbetet resulterade i en produkt som skyddar ryggen mot den nuförtiden mer frekventa skadeformen, kompressionsskador. Att det inte finns några befintliga skydd mot dessa skador på marknaden har gjort att researcharbetet har blivit en stor del i projektet.

”The next generation of spine protection” is a degree project in the Innovation and design engineering program at the University of Karlstad. The employer is Stefan Ytterborn at POC Sweden in Stockholm.

POC is a company that works towards developing new and efficient protection for alpine skiers to prevent serious injuries. Both the equipment and the way people ski are getting more and more extreme and therefore new protection must be developed to offer as good and flexible protection as possible.

The assignment has been to develop a product or method to protect the spine at alpine skiing. Due to the openness of the problem there has been a lot of scope during the idea generating and product developing phase.

This degree project has resulted in a product that protects the spine against the increasingly frequent damage, the compression injury. Due to the lack of existing protection against these types of damages on the market the research phase has been a big part of the project.

Partant du constat de la progression expresse des sports de nature dans nos sociétés et de leur décontextualisation aux zones urbaines, nous cherchons à traduire en un modèle les évolutions de ces équipements dédiés. L'objectif est double : une logique de recherche appliquée et une logique scientifique. La première motivation est d'apporter des clefs de lecture aux professionnels et élus afin de bien anticiper sur les équipements de demain et leur gestion. Le deuxième objectif est d'apporter une modeste contribution à la théorie de la diffusion de Rogers, sur les produits de loisirs, catégorie de produits à forte sensibilité inter individuelle. À travers une approche comparative internationale,opérée sur 3 disciplines aux ancrages distincts (escalade, eau vive et parcours acrobatique en hauteur),nous appréhendons les relations entre les paramètres liés à la demande et à l'offre, et ce aux différents stades du cycle de vie des produits. Dans cet environnement complexe et multidisciplinaire, nous cherchons ici à mieux comprendre les déterminants du processus de diffusion des activités sportives et des équipements liés. Il nous importe, également, d'évaluer comment ce modèle de diffusion ressemble aux modèles reconnus dans d'autres secteurs d'activité et enfin, de vérifier deux hypothèses: H1) La demande guide l'innovation et la diffusion plus que l'offre ; H2) L' artificialisation des sports de nature contribue à développer la pratique.

Мета- дослідження засад інноваційних процесів економічного розвитку спортивної індустрії в умовах дії пандемії. З головної мети роботи випливають такі завдання: дослідити інструментарій державної політики, проаналізувати державну політику в галузі спорту в країнах світу; проаналізувати вітчизняний досвід впливу держави на спортивну діяльність в розрізі спортивних напрямів; дослідити наслідки впливу Covid-19 на спортивну сферу в Україні та світі та визначити основні напрямки державної підтримки; дослідити напрями інноваційного розвитку спортивної індустрії; запропонувати практичні рекомендації щодо розвитку спортивного клубу в сучасних умовах. Об’єкт дослідження - інноваційні процеси економічного розвитку спортивної індустрії , в тому числі на рівні бізнес-структури Предмет дослідження - сукупність теоретичних засад і прикладних аспектів інноваційних процесів економічного розвитку спортивної індустрії. Основні результати, яких було досягнуто в процесі виконання кваліфікаційної роботи: досліджено інструментарій державної політики в галузі спорту, проведено порівняльний аналіз систем державної політики спортивної галузі в країнах світу; проаналізовано вітчизняний досвід впливу держави на спортивну діяльність в розрізі спортивних напрямів; розроблено класифікацію інструментів державної політики за напрямами спортивної діяльності; виокремлено та проаналізовано напрями інноваційного розвитку спортивної індустрії в умовах викликів сьогодення; запропоновано практичні рекомендації у вигляді бізнес-плану розвитку спортивного клубу в сучасних умовах Наукова новизна досліджень: проведено порівняльний аналіз систем державної політики спортивної галузі в країнах світу; розроблено класифікацію інструментів державної політики за напрямами спортивної діяльності; запропоновано практичні рекомендації у вигляді бізнес-плану розвитку спортивного клубу в сучасних умовах.

Il baseplate, che è l’elemento strutturale dell’attacco, mostra alcune problematiche nello sviluppo, in quanto è difficile prevederne le sollecitazioni e il comportamento durante l’utilizzo sul campo. Questo risulta in prodotti poco rigidi con campi di tensione localmente concentrati e poco opportuni. L’obbiettivo di questo elaborato di tesi è stato quindi di creare un baseplate per un attacco da snowboard più rigido e più leggero e che durante lo svolgimento dello sport venga sollecitato in modo uniforme. Per ottenere questo obbiettivo è stato creato un approccio innovativo di product development per lo sviluppo di prodotti con funzionalità strutturale. L’approccio prevede come prima fase un’analisi della deformazione con la tecnologia DIC (Digital Image Correlation) di un prodotto già esistente, sotto condizioni reali, per capire come viene sollecitato. Nella seconda fase è stata individuata, attraverso la simulazione FEM (Finite Element Method) e l’ottimizzazione topologica, la geometria approssimativa dell’oggetto con una distribuzione di tensioni più uniforme. Questa è stata poi utilizzata come punto di partenza per la seguente modellazione CAD (Computer-Aided Design). L’ultimo step è stato lo stampaggio 3D di un prototipo funzionale che è stato poi nuovamente analizzato attraverso la tecnologia DIC per valutare il risultato della modellazione. Per controllare l’affidabilità e per validare l’analisi con la tecnologia DIC, sono stati confrontati più sistemi di produttori diversi. Inoltre, sono stati analizzati due attacchi con geometria uguale, uno stampato ad iniezione e uno stampato con la stampante 3D, per vedere come cambia il comportamento in base al metodo di produzione e per poter valutare i risultati dell’analisi del prototipo. L’approccio innovativo di product development è risultato valido in quanto ha permesso di realizzare un prototipo di un baseplate di un attacco snowboard con prestazioni meccaniche migliori, peso minore ed un design innovativo.

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Esta dissertação realiza a análise do processo de gestão da produção dos programas esportivos Redação SporTV, Arena SporTV, Arena SporTV e SporTV News do canal por assinatura SporTV, pertencente a GloboSat, durante o processo de digitalização do sinal analógico da televisão brasileira. São abordados o jornalismo esportivo nos meios de comunicação de massa, a gestão da produção de televisão que engloba o planejamento, a produção e as formas de veiculação, marketing esportivo e o futebol como negócio. É identificado o processo de gestão da produção de programas na televisão digital, por meio de aplicação de questionário aberto que permitiu também o entendimento de como é realizado o conteúdo esportivo capturado para os programas, a partir da digitalização. É analisado, após análise dos referenciais teóricos, mapeamento do mercado esportivo, levantamento de dados, bem como a configuração atual da gestão da produção no canal de televisão por assinatura e como a equipe de produção dos programas percebe as mudanças ocorridas após a implantação da televisão digital e as perspectivas para o futuro com as ferramentas digitais
This dessertation analyzes the productiuon managementof shows Redação SporTV, Arena SporTV and SportTV News, from SporTV, a channel belonging to GloboSat, during the digitalization process in Brazil. This work discusses sports reporting in the mass communication media, management of television production that encompasses the planning, production and ways of serving, and soccer as a sport marketing business. We have identified the process of managing the production of digital television programs through the application of polls which also allowed the understanding of how the content is performed for the sports programs considering the digital television. We also discuss, after theoretical analysis, the mapping of the sports market, survey data, as well as the current status of the production management of pay-TV channels and how the production team of the shows perceive the changes after the implementation of digital television and their prospects for the future with digital tools

Orientador: Juliano Maurício de Carvalho
Banca: Francisco Rolfsen Belda
Banca: Regina Célia Baptista Belluzzo
Resumo: Esta dissertação realiza a análise do processo de gestão da produção dos programas esportivos "Redação SporTV", "Arena SporTV", "Arena SporTV" e "SporTV News" do canal por assinatura SporTV, pertencente a GloboSat, durante o processo de digitalização do sinal analógico da televisão brasileira. São abordados o jornalismo esportivo nos meios de comunicação de massa, a gestão da produção de televisão que engloba o planejamento, a produção e as formas de veiculação, marketing esportivo e o futebol como negócio. É identificado o processo de gestão da produção de programas na televisão digital, por meio de aplicação de questionário aberto que permitiu também o entendimento de como é realizado o conteúdo esportivo capturado para os programas, a partir da digitalização. É analisado, após análise dos referenciais teóricos, mapeamento do mercado esportivo, levantamento de dados, bem como a configuração atual da gestão da produção no canal de televisão por assinatura e como a equipe de produção dos programas percebe as mudanças ocorridas após a implantação da televisão digital e as perspectivas para o futuro com as ferramentas digitais
Abstract: This dessertation analyzes the productiuon managementof shows "Redação SporTV", "Arena SporTV" and "SportTV News", from SporTV, a channel belonging to GloboSat, during the digitalization process in Brazil. This work discusses sports reporting in the mass communication media, management of television production that encompasses the planning, production and ways of serving, and soccer as a sport marketing business. We have identified the process of managing the production of digital television programs through the application of polls which also allowed the understanding of how the content is performed for the sports programs considering the digital television. We also discuss, after theoretical analysis, the mapping of the sports market, survey data, as well as the current status of the production management of pay-TV channels and how the production team of the shows perceive the changes after the implementation of digital television and their prospects for the future with digital tools
Mestre

This dissertation presents innovative demand management techniques for service systems with limited resources. The first study analyzes demand management policies of animal shelters with limited Kennel space as a set of interacting stochastic queueing systems. In practice, there are two main policies being used, which we call "Kill" and "No-Kill" policies. In a "Kill" system, animals may be euthanized if a shelter is full. Many shelters have moved to a "No-Kill" policy, where they avoid killing for space and adopt other approaches to reduce supply and demand mismatch. Our goal is to provide insights on how No-Kill policies, such as coordination, adoption and neutering campaigns, help reduce the animals' killing rate so that the shelter management can choose the way to effectively solve their problems. In the second part, we consider a topic of demand management for the Sports and Entertainment (S&E) industry, called "Scaling the house", i.e., how to divide seats into zones for different prices to maximize revenue across the venue. From the data obtained from several performance venues in the U.S., we find ticket demand is impacted by locations of seats as well as by price. We characterize closed-form solutions for the optimal two-dimensional zoning decision (with row and column cuts) and the one-dimensional decision (with row cuts), and explore when each model should be applied. The third study considers pricing as a tool to manage demand for the S&E tickets. We develop dynamic pricing with demand learning models where demand is also affected by time left until the show dates. Since the show's popularity is usually uncertain to the seller, we propose a method to learn the overall popularity via Bayesian updates. We perform computational experiments to understand properties of the model solutions and identify when demand learning is most beneficial.

”Longboards” är ett examensarbete utfört av Leo Ekbom och Sammy-Sebastian Tawakkoli för innovations- och designingejörsprogrammet vid fakulteten för teknik och naturvetenskap på Karlstads Universitet. Uppdragsgivaren är Space Production AB, projektägare är Dan Edanius, art director och projektledare på företaget. Ett av företagets projekt var våren 2008 att producera Slalom Skateboarding VM och med anknytning till detta växte ett examensarbete fram.

 

Space Production AB började som ett montersnickeri men har idag utvecklats till ett företag som driver fullständiga utställnings- och eventprojekt. Företaget tillhandahåller allt från idéskiss till montering och servning även då huvudsysslan ligger i att producera, installera och lagra utformning från annan part.

 

Uppgiften var att ta fram en produktserie innehållande tre modeller av longbaords med bred spridning. Produkterna skulle vara unika och nischade men ändå säljbara och tillhöra ett övre segment av marknaden. Därtill gavs lite friare händer i att ta fram en rad vilda koncept som idébank för senare projekt.

 

Genom en djupgående researchfas, där information rörande materialkunskap, marknad, målgrupper och kultur, mynnade projektet ut i en kreativ designprocess. Målgruppsanalysen lade grunden till en rad referenskunder vars behov inspirerade och analyserades. Två skilda idegenereringstillfällen lade grunden till en kategorisering där åtta starka koncept presenterades för en sammansatt styrgrupp.

 

Arbetet resulterade i tre längre utvecklade koncept vilka har potential att bredda den befintliga marknaden för longboard försäljning samt en idébank för framtida utveckling av produkter.

”Longboards” is a degree project in the Innovations- and design engineering program at Karlstad University. The job requestor is Space Production AB with Dan Edanius, Art director and senior project manager, as the project owner.

 

Space Production AB started out as a showcase carpentry company but has today evolved into a company that operates complete exhibitions and events. The company’s main business is to produce, install and store branded environments designed by another party but also supplies everything from idea sketches to assemblage and service. One of Space projects spring 2008 was the production of Slalom Skateboarding World Championships and it was through this a degree project was created.

 

The task was to create a diverse product line containing three models of longboards. The products would be unique and aimed at a niche market but yet be sellable and appeal to the upper segment buyer. Further the opportunity to create more wild concepts that could be used in future projects was given. 

 

An extensive research on materials, market, target group and culture, resulted in a creative design process. Through a target group analysis a number of reference consumers were created. Their needs worked as inspiration and was analysed. Two separate sessions of idea generating were the fundament of a categorization that eventually resulted in eight strong concepts that was presented to the management group.

 

The project has resulted in three developed concepts that could potentially broaden the existing longboard market as well as a band of ideas that could be used for inspiration of future projects.