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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sport and Recreation Act'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Palmer, Farah Rangikoepa, and n/a. "Maori girls, power, physical education, sport, and play : "being hungus, hori, and hoha"." University of Otago. School of Physical Education, 2000. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070518.115626.

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This research investigated how meanings associated with race, gender, and class relations in New Zealand mainstream schools are produced, reproduced, and challenged within the arenas of school sport, physical education, and physical activity. The study focused specifically on Maori girls� and young Maori women�s experiences in these arenas in order to determine how race, gender, and class identities interact, and also provided Maori girls and young women with an opportunity to be heard in research. The effects of historical and contemporary discourses, polices, and practices in New Zealand sport and school were reviewed. Theoretical perspectives and methodologies such as critical theory, kaupapa Maori research, feminism, postmodernism, and cultural studies informed the research. Qualitative methods of study such as critical ethnography, document analysis, participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and self-reflective diaries were used in order to observe, investigate, and empower the Maori girls and women, teachers, and the school involved. By utilising social reproduction concepts such as hegemony (Gramsci), discourse (Foucault), and cultural capital (Bourdieu), initiatives in schools that related to Maori girls and young women were investigated at three different levels; the fantasy discourse level, the implementation level, and the reality discourse level. The many identities and ideologies of those involved in the transformation from fantasy to reality had an effect on what was ultimately produced, reproduced, and challenged. These were also implicit and explicit ideologies operating in school sport, physical education, and physical activity arenas that worked to reproduce gendered dualisms, racial stereotypes, and class differentiation. By focusing on power relations at the structural and personal level, instances where Maori girls and young women practised �power over� others, or the �power to act� were discussed. Maori concepts such as whakaiti, whakamaa, whakahiihii, tautoko, aawhina, and manaaki, as well as more colloquial terms such as being hungus, hori, and hoha highlighted the attitudes, values, beliefs and behaviours of participants involved in the study and were used to inform the different levels of analysis. Difficulties in closing the gap between what was hoped for and what actually happened were discussed, and political and practical implications were suggested.

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2

Wagle, John P., Kevin M. Carroll, Aaron J. Cunanan, Alexander Wetmore, Christopher B. Taber, Brad H. DeWeese, Kimitake Sato, Charles A. Stuart, and Michael H. Stone. "Preliminary Investigation Into the Effect of ACTN3 and ACE Polymorphisms on Muscle and Performance Characteristics." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4663.

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The purpose of this investigation was to explore the phenotypic and performance outcomes associated with ACTN3 and ACE polymorphisms. Ten trained men (age = 25.8 ± 3.0 years, height = 183.3 ± 4.1 cm, body mass = 92.3 ± 9.3 kg, and back squat to body mass ratio = 1.8 ± 0.3) participated. Blood samples were analyzed to determine ACTN3 and ACE polymorphisms. Standing ultrasonography images of the vastus lateralis (VL) were collected to determine whole muscle cross-sectional area (CSA-M), and a percutaneous muscle biopsy of the VL was collected to determine type I–specific CSA (CSA-T1), type II–specific CSA (CSA-T2), and type II to type I CSA ratio (CSA-R). Isometric squats were performed on force platforms with data used to determine peak force (IPF), allometrically scaled peak force (IPFa), and rate of force development (RFD) at various timepoints. One repetition maximum back squats were performed, whereby allometrically scaled dynamic strength (DSa) was determined. Cohen's d effect sizes revealed ACTN3 RR and ACE DD tended to result in greater CSA-M but differ in how they contribute to performance. ACTN3 RR's influence seems to be in the type II fibers, altering maximal strength, and ACE DD may influence RFD capabilities through a favorable CSA-R. Although the findings of the current investigation are limited by the sample size, the findings demonstrate the potential influence of ACTN3 and ACE polymorphisms on isometric and dynamic strength testing. This study may serve as a framework to generate hypotheses regarding the effect of genetics on performance.

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3

Lorenzen, Michael E. "A balancing act: Managing the tension between competitive outcomes and educational development in collegiate athletics." Scholarly Commons, 2010. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2418.

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Student-athletes have the opportunity for significant development that can enhance their undergraduate experience through participation in intercollegiate athletics. The commercial and cultural influence of professional sports has, however, increasingly challenged the efforts of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) to maintain a developmental focus. Some college sports, particularly football and men's basketball, are now relied upon to generate revenue, which requires successful outcomes and accountability to commercial interests. The disproportionate influence of those revenue sports on Division I athletic culture challenges the credibility of all collegiate sports as appropriate components of higher education. This case study examines the women's gymnastics team at a large Division I institution, Big State University (BSU), over the course of the 2010 season. BSU Gymnastics has achieved sufficient competitive success that the coaches were subject to similar pressure to that which their football and basketball colleagues experienced. The study is a qualitative investigation of the leadership and mentoring practices of the coaching staff, particularly in regard to their ability to maintain a focus on student-athlete development in the face of external pressure from various stakeholders to prioritize winning. Using control systems theory and a new typology of sport, the researcher interviewed coaches and student-athletes, analyzed BSU's 2010 season, and found that the coaches consistently prioritized the developmental experience of their student-athletes. A significant additional finding of the study is that coaches play a critical buffering role, sheltering student-athletes from influences that might otherwise undermine the beneficial aspects of intercollegiate athletics participation.

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4

Houston, Christopher James. "An analysis of the Canadian federal policy on sport participation and its impact on national sport organizations." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27692.

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The formal inclusion of participation in the new Canadian sport policy in 2002 marks a significant change in the Canadian sporting landscape, a change examined in this Masters thesis through a qualitative research methodology in the form of a questionnaire, interviews, and document analysis. The first section of the thesis seeks to gain a better understanding of what factors led the federal government to add participation to the new Canadian Sport Policy, and what the agendas were of the key stakeholders in the formation of the policy. Findings support Kingdon's Multiple Streams Theory but highlight the importance a single individual can have in driving the policy agenda. The second section examines the participation pillar's effect on NSOs related to new initiatives implemented and organizational structure and values linked to organizational archetypes. Six structure- and value-based barriers to change were found, throwing doubt on the ability of NSOs to deliver participation initiatives.

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5

Shi, Xiaolei. "Social interdependence theory in sport." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8088/.

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This thesis investigates examining the effects of certain types of interdependence on motor performance in competition. In the first experiment, participants undertook a ball carrying and running task under varying levels of between-team resource interdependent condition in the individual competition. The number of balls that carried to the container decreased when between-team resource interdependence exists. In the second experiment, participants completed a basketball shooting and rebounding task under varying levels of between-team resource interdependent condition in a two-on-two team competition. Results indicated that the number of baskets made, the number of baskets attempted and the shooting accuracy was higher in resource independent competition. In the third experiment, participants undertook the same basketball shooting and rebounding task as the second experiment under varying levels of between-team resource interdependent condition and within-team reward interdependent condition. Results indicated effort-based performance was greater under resource independent condition and its interaction with low reward interdependent condition. In the final experiment, participants undertook a handgrip task in a four-on-four team competition. Compared to the no reward condition, performance was better under both high reward interdependent condition and low reward interdependent condition. Mediation analyses revealed that positive emotions, self-reported effort and pressure mediated the change of performance.

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6

Bursuc, Vlad A. "Amateurism and Professionalism in the National Collegiate Athletic Association." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1374144535.

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7

Reilly, Justine Nicola. "Sport, museums and cultural policy." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2014. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/11324/.

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Britain is widely considered to be the birth place of modern sport. Given this fact, it could be expected that the representation of sport within British museums would be extensive. However, the discussion of sport in museums within the existing literature is limited at best and, where it does occur, has a focus primarily on sport specific museums. Therefore, this thesis examines the development of sport in museums and the motivations and barriers which have influenced its development. Placing sport in museums within the wider context of cultural policy between the period of 1997 and 2012, the study explores the impact of sport in museums within wider social and economic agendas. Due to the lack of existing evidence concerning the subject area, the study draws on extensive fieldwork conducted by the author with individuals working in the fields of cultural policy, museum practice, and academia. In addition, focus groups and questionnaires were carried out with members of the public to ascertain perceptions towards sport as a subject matter for museums and the potential of sport to increase and change museum audiences. In addition, there is an in-depth evaluation of the Our Sporting Life exhibition programme in order to establish the impact of sport in museum against the widely used museu-m methodology frameworks, the Generic Learning *Outcomes and Generic Social Outcomes. The findings of this research demonstrate that sport in museums responds to a range of wider cultural policy objectives which support economic and social outcomes. These include: improving individual’s knowledge and understanding; providing enjoyment; supporting health and well-being agendas; and building stronger communities. In addition, the evidence establishes that sport attracts new and different audiences to museums and suggests that this may impact on the visiting habits of these individuals in the long-term. However, the findings also demonstrate that there are significant barriers to the delivery of sporting exhibitions in museums, most notably access to sufficient funding and inadequate knowledge and availability of relevant sporting collections. Therefore, this thesis presents the first conclusive evidence that sport in museums is both relevant and valuable as a subject matter for museum discourse, and argues that this alone suggests a need for increased funding to support further development of activity in this field.

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Song, Wei. "Chinese women and sport : an analysis on how gender and class affect their attitudes towards sport participation." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/51972/.

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This study investigates the forces that shape and determine the attitudes and choices that Chinese women have made and continue to make in regard to their sport engagement at a non-elite level. It argues that the constructs of gender and class are so deeply ingrained within Chinese society that they still play their essential roles in women’s decision making processes of their sport participation. A theoretical framework that utilizes the concepts of Michel Foucault, Pierre Bourdieu and Raewyn Connell is significant in explaining how gender and class affect the women cited in this study. Life history interviews and auto-ethnography were employed in this investigation in order to uncover more detailed and qualitative insights as to how gender and class are discursively defined and how women conform or negotiate these discourses about gender and class.

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Newman, Ian. "Countryside recreation and people with disabilities." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.278944.

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10

Rose, Michelle. "Sport policy and multilevel governance: A case study of Ontario and Quebec." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27416.

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The introduction of the new Canadian Sport Policy in 2002 included Enhanced Interaction as one of its four goals. This study examines how interaction between governments and civil society has evolved from the 1990s to the present to determine how the Canadian Sport Policy has influenced multilevel governance in sport. Using both semi-structured interviews and a document analysis, this study looked at sport policies from the governments of Canada, Quebec and Ontario and the cities of Montreal and Toronto to identify the nature of their interactions with each other and civil society. Using the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) to examine these interactions and their effects on policy change, the findings revealed that although multilevel governance was long considered a priority for the success of Canadian sport, it was not until the introduction of the Canadian Sport Policy that interaction on a multilevel was formalized. Recommendations are also offered to further enhance multilevel governance in Canadian sport and improve policy implementation.

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Kabush, Danelle. "Focusing skills in a risk-endurance sport." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9146.

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Studies have shown the importance of focusing skills at the elite level. For example, Orlick and Partington (1988) found that attentional focus was one of the two most important skills related to high level performance at the Olympic games. However there has been minimal research investigating how athletes themselves perceive focus. Furthermore, the question of how athletes develop focus and what kinds of focusing skills they use in order to eliminate distractions, to keep concentrated on the immediate task, and to get properly aroused for the task at hand has not been fully answered in the literature. The research objectives of this study on focusing skills among elite athletes in a risk-endurance sport (cross-country mountain bike racing) were fivefold. The first objective was to advance our knowledge on how elite athletes perceive and define focus in relation to their sport. The second and third objectives were to assess what focusing skills the athletes used before and during competition, as well as what kinds of focusing skills the athletes used in training. The fourth objective was to shed light on how the athletes developed and improved their focusing skills. The final objective was to discover other concepts that may have interacted with focus. The present study provides a clearer understanding of how elite athletes perceive focus and the different dimensions it entails. The findings also present a clearer picture of how focus is developed over the course of an athlete's career. There were both commonalities among the athletes and a uniqueness in the way each athlete perceived and developed focusing skills. These findings may enable coaches and sport psychologists to prevent or work more effectively with potential problems and issues that can hinder a great focus in the sport of mountain biking.

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Kruger, Christiaan Reinard. "Hinderlaagbemarking in sport." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/40606.

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Ward, I. "Lakeland sport in the nineteenth century." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333074.

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Falcous, Mark Alan. "Sport and globalisation : local identities, consumption and global basketball." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2002. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/6798.

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This thesis explores the manner in which globalisation processes are exerting transformative influences on local cultural contexts. Specifically, it utilises a case study of basketball to address the issues surrounding the juncture between local cultural identities, sport and global processes: the local-global sports nexus. Characteristic of globalisation processes are the activities of sports-related transnational corporations (TNCs) in global markets. The presence of such TNCs raises questions regarding the juncture with ostensibly indigenous cultures and identities associated with sport. The thesis constitutes several interlocking components which seek to address the multi-faceted nature of the local-global basketball interplay. First, a review of literature details both the political-economic context of the development of 'indigenous' English basketball, and the interdependencies surrounding National Basketball Association (NBA) expansion to Britain. Second, media representation within the local-global interplay is addressed in a comparative textual analysis of NBA and indigenous game coverage on British television. It is argued that local and global basketball are represented in a varying manner, which reinforces a local-global basketball hierarchy. Third, a two season multi-method ethnographic case study, incorporating: participant observations, interviews, a questionnaire and focus groups explored the consumption of 'local' basketball. The findings reveal complex responses and engagement with global processes, contextualised by the heterogenous nature of basketball fandom. Specifically, local identities and affiliations, while associated with consumption, also mediate broader global processes. The findings are discussed with reference to the relationship between local and global basketball in. Britain and within the wider theoretical debates surrounding the globalisation of sport.

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Behbehani, Khalifa T. "Sport and recreation in Kuwait : administration, provision and participation." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.635651.

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Sport and Recreation are important components of contemporary society: they are impacting on the context and contest of human behaviour, through provision and participation. The study traces the development of sport and recreation in Kuwait from 1930 to the present day. From simple beginnings rooted in desert and sea oriented activities, sport and recreation were variously progressed by Western Oil Company and commercial representatives, and after World War II and Independence (1961) in particular, by governmental influences. Government came to play a central role in all developments, assisted in no small way by vast oil revenues. Provision of facilities and employment of foreign coaching personnel led to an internationalising of Kuwait's sporting profile. The study sets out in detail the structural organisation for sport and recreation, assesses the provision made and analyses the participation in them. It takes account of the climatic, social and religious factors which influence participation, and with the use of questionnaire surveys examines public attitudes towards sport and recreation. At an advanced stage in the research, Kuwait suffered from invasion by Iraqi forces and concomitant implications for the outcomes of the study, especially in documentary details, and material provision for and participation in sport and recreation. Finally, the study puts forward a number of recommendations for the future development of sport and recreation in Kuwait.

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Walter, Meynell I. "Young people's involvement in play and sport." Thesis, University of Brighton, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306124.

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Webb, Ann L. "The historical development of sport in Fiji." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.280883.

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Jones, Charles W. "Sociology in Sport." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3961.

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Anuar, Nurwina Akmal Binti. "Imagery ability in sport and movement." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7125/.

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This thesis investigated how propositions of the Revised Applied Model for Deliberate Imagery Use (RAMDIU) related to imagery ability. Chapter 2 and 3 established that PETTLEP imagery can improve the ease and vividness of internal, external and kinesthetic imagery of movements. Participants perceived the physical and environments elements of the PETTLEP model to be the most helpful for imaging easily and vividly. Chapter 4 investigated the use of these two elements in athletes’ ease of imaging five different types of sport imagery (i.e., skill, strategy, mastery, goal, and affect). The findings revealed positive associations between the use of physical and environment PETTLEP elements and ease of imaging all five imagery types. The findings of Chapters 2 to 4 suggest that the use of physical environment elements will likely result in greater ease of imaging cognitive and motivational imagery content and that the relationship between “What (type) & How” and “Imagery Ability” in the RAMDIU should be bi-directional. Chapter 5 explored the RAMDIU “Who” component by investigating whether emotion regulation in was associated with their sport imagery ability. Only emotional reappraisal was positively related with “Imagery Ability”. Overall, the thesis establishing that imagery ability can be influenced by the individual’s characteristics and how athletes image. Practitioners should consider athletes’ characteristics and how they are going to image to maximize the effectiveness of the imagery intervention in achieving the desired outcome(s).

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Campbell, Joseph, and n/a. "The organisation and structure of elite junior sport in the ACT." University of Canberra. Education, 1993. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20050809.115336.

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Ritchie, Andrew. "Bicycle racing and recreation : sport, technology and modernity, 1867-1903." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2009. http://digitool.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28863.

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The thesis explores the early history of bicycle racing and the related activity of recreational cycling, in particular the evolving symbiotic relationships, material and discursive, between participants and the makers of the sport's specialized tool- the bicycle itself. The dissertation presents an historical, social-constructionist account of the emergence of cycling as both a sport and a recreation between 1867 and 1903, focusing on Britain, but with comparative reference to France and the United States. During its early evolution, the changing design of the bicycle was influenced by considerations of sport and speed, as well as those of comfort, practicality and utility. The thesis assesses the relative causal weight of these social and technical factors on evolving design, in the light of the contemporary debates as to how the bicycle could best harness the capacities of the human body to achieve efficiency, speed, endurance and comfort. Cycling is seen as having had three differing, but closely related, social modes - racing, recreation and utility - each of which made distinct demands and had different impacts on the development of the machine itself. The thesis employs the methods of social and cultural history, combined with a theoretical framework that treats the bicycle as a technological artifact within a social constructionist approach to the understanding of human artifacts. The dissertation explores the social and institutional organization of cycling and the wider cultural, economic and technological contexts of the sport. Within a broadly chronological frame,it tackles issues of class, nationality, amateurism and professionalism, industry and commerce, the press, human-powered speed, and the physical capacities of the body, and relates them to the cultural transformation called modernity. The 19th century 'cycling industrial complex' presents a well-developed, early historical example of a modem sport used to market products to consumers. Designers, manufacturers, advertising and marketing personnel and the cycling press were engaged in a new style of commercial activity dedicated to 'the art and pastime' of cycling. 1 Outside the industry, the thousands of consumers of bicycles - racers, recreational riders, andutility riders - were themselves agents in the technological development and social history of bicycle racing and recreation.

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Stone, Michael H. "What is Sport Science?" Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2009. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4578.

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Stone, Michael H. "What Is Sport Science." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4536.

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Stone, Michael H. "What Is Sport Science?" Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4543.

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Ueda, Mari R. "Perceptions of legitimacy of aggressive acts in youth sport: Gender, type of sport, and trait aggression levels." Scholarly Commons, 2004. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2670.

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Previous research has suggested there is a relationship between perception of aggression and actual aggression. Gender, participation in sport, and varying trait aggression levels have an impact on perceptions of aggression in sports. This study examined the combined effects of gender, type of sport (contact versus noncontact), and trait aggression levels on children's perceptions of legitimacy of aggressive acts in youth sports. Buss and Perry's Aggression Questionnaire (AQ) determined aggression levels of children ages 9–14. Children's perceptions of legitimacy of aggressive acts was determined by The Perceived Aggression Questionnaire (PAQ), derived from Rainey (1986). Analysis of the data, using the normative AQ data, found no significant effects. Analysis of the median split data found a significant effect of aggression levels on perceptions. Multiple regression analysis found that aggression levels were correlated with perceptions. Findings led us to a better understanding of how differences in gender, type of sport, and trait aggression levels relate to children's perceptions of aggression.

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Giguère, Éric. "Les infractions en matière de stupéfiants dans le sport professionnel." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6895.

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Dans cette recherche, j'ai cherche a savoir quel est l'interet pour les industries impliquees dans le sport professionnel, de developper des controles paralleles et meme plus importants que ceux deployes par le systeme judiciaire en matiere de drogues illicites. Repondant a cette valeur dominante, l'industrie sportive s'implique dans le rationnel de cette guerre a la drogue en developpant un controle "para-judiciaire", c'est-a-dire des politiques et des sanctions internes au milieu sportif en matiere de drogues illicites. Pour mieux comprendre le fondement de ces controles dans l'industrie sportive, a la suite de ma revue de litterature, j'ai fait une recension journalistique de tout les cas mediatises de joueurs professionnels, qui ont avoue ou ont ete pris a consommer des drogues illicites, depuis 1986 a 1991. L'analyse de ces cas nous a permis de constater que non seulement les industries impliquees dans le sport professionnel avaient interet a repondre a la valeur dominante du "drug-free nation" pour proteger la rentabilite du sport-spectacle, mais que cela leur permet de mettre en place des mecanismes de controle sur leurs employe-e-s qui vont bien au-dela de la question des drogues et ce, plus particulierement par l'implantation des tests de depistage des drogues illicites. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

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Clavio, Galen. "Uses and gratifications of Internet collegiate sport message board users." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3319833.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, School of Health, Physical Education and Recreation, 2008.
Title from home page (viewed on May 13, 2009). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-08, Section: A, page: 2922. Adviser: Paul M. Pedersen.

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Jensen, Gregory Q. "In whose best interest sport agents and limited disclosures : An NFL players test case /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3358923.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Kinesiology, School of Health, Physical Education and Recreation, 2009.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Feb. 8, 2010). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-05, Section: A, page: 1781. Adviser: Kimberly S. Miloch.

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Hill, Anthony Ian. "Incorporation of recreation in the operation of multipurpose reservoirs." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315611.

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Stone, Michael H. "Pulling Movements for Sport." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4555.

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Stone, Michael H. "Power Development in Sport." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4563.

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Dewar, Andrew James. "Achievement goals and emotions in competitive sport." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2012. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3415/.

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The main aim of this thesis was to investigate the relationships between goal involvement and emotions and potential mediators and moderators of these relationships; a secondary aim was to examine the link between goal involvement and sport performance. The relationships between goal involvement and emotions experienced before, during, and after competition were examined in Studies 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Cognitive appraisals (Study 1) and perceived performance (Studies 2 & 3) were examined as mediators of the links between task involvement and emotions. Also, perceived competence (Study 1), perceived performance (Studies 2 & 3), and outcome of the match (Study 3) were investigated as moderators of the relationships between ego involvement and emotions. Finally, the effects of achievement goals on emotions and performance were experimentally tested in a speed-agility task (Study 4). Overall, task involvement was positively related to positive, and negatively associated with negative, emotions; challenge appraisal and perceived performance helped explain the majority of these links. Also, some relationships between ego involvement and emotions were moderated by perceived performance and outcome. These findings suggest athletes should be task involved before or during competition and that ego involvement can be beneficial for emotions when perceived performance is high.

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Allen, Justine B. "Social motivation in sport." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/4813.

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Lowry, R. G. "Modelling adolescent participation in sport and exercise : a multivariate approach." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269152.

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Coalter, J. A. "Public sector provision for sport and recreation : the limits of welfare?" Thesis, Leeds Beckett University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.399192.

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Crewe, Steven. "Sport, recreation and the workplace in England, c.1918-c.1970." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/11121.

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Over the fifty years from the end of the First World War, the experience of work in England was increasingly shaped by a concern for industrial welfare which manifested itself in various forms. Large-scale employers, in both the manufacturing and service sectors, often saw the provision of sports and recreational facilities as an important aspect of their commitment to industrial welfare and as a way of maintaining harmonious industrial relations. Sport, along with various recreational activities, increasingly provided a way of encouraging workers to identify with their employer; it was as important in this respect as the company outing or the annual dance. This thesis seeks to build on the existing historiography relating to the ‘sports and social’ side of corporate industrial welfare. Whereas historians to date have focussed on single companies or on a particular sector, it examines four separate case studies – two (Robinsons of Chesterfield and Raleigh of Nottingham) located in the manufacturing sector and two (Lyons and the Bank of England) located primarily in the service sector – to provide an account of this aspect of industrial welfare that is cross-sector in its scope. Company magazines, which played an important part in sustaining clubs and societies by publishing their activities, are the principal primary source used in each case. While underpinning previous work which has emphasised the commitment of employers to industrial welfare, it is argued here that workers themselves had an important part to play in the making of sports and social provision in factories and offices and other places of work, such as the catering establishments and hotels run by Lyons. Often the role of management was simply to respond positively to suggestions made by employees, providing the strategic support that enabled an activity to take off and then sustain itself. In all four case studies here the day-to-day organisation of particular activities was usually undertaken by interested employees. Thus, the characteristics of works-based recreation in a particular workplace could be shaped as much by ‘bottom-up’ initiatives as it was by ‘top-down’ directives. This especially applied to the numerous hobby or interest-based societies – amateur dramatic societies, camera clubs and horticultural societies, for example – which were an important feature of works-based recreation. It is argued here that the importance of such activities has been underestimated in studies to date. They have attracted less attention than company commitment to sport, for example, which manifested itself in the provision of expensive facilities. Yet, clubs and societies which could appeal to employees beyond the age at which most were likely to engage in sport were a relatively inexpensive way of extending the reach of an organisation’s welfare strategy. Accordingly, they are given substantial coverage here.

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Greenwood, Paul Brian. "Sport Fan Team Identification in a Professional Expansion Setting." NCSU, 2001. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-20010703-110532.

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GREENWOOD, PAUL BRIAN. Sport Fan Team Identification in a Professional Expansion Setting. (Under the direction of Michael A. Kanters.) This study assessed the relationship between team identification of sport fans and a number of different variables including but not limited to: the reasons for initially becoming a fan, specific sport knowledge, and purchasing behavior. A non-random sample of spectators (N = 356) at an Arena Football League (AFL) game completed a survey designed to identify or measure the aforementioned variables. A t-test revealed that males reported significantly higher levels of team identification than females. Analysis using a Pearson correlation matrix showed a positive correlation between team identification and sport knowledge, attendance rate, and purchasing behavior. Likewise, a positive correlation was found between team identification and the following reasons for initially becoming a fan: closest team, born and/or live in the city and/or state, team success, the players and/or coaches, parents and/or family influence, and the tailgating and party atmosphere. The findings have important implications for professional sport franchises in terms of tailoring marketing efforts for potential fans.

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Rasnake, Douglas Micah. "Sport in a midwestern city: baseball and football in Columbus, Ohio, 1890 to 1910." The Ohio State University, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1392712292.

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Ali-Christie, Alisse. "American Indian collegiate athletes| Accessing education through sport." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3559966.

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Few activities have the power to bring people together as sports; victory is contagious, defeat unifies, and the concept of a team can create common goals and unbreakable bonds among teammates, communities, and even an entire nation. In a sense, sport has the power to change lives. The lessons that athletics can teach—preparation, competitiveness, overcoming obstacles, persistence, mental and physical health, problem solving, and setting life goals—seem particularly apt for American Indian youth today. Athletics can serve as a pathway to college for American Indian students who participate in individual or team sports. Access to higher education, in turn, offers the opportunity for larger income and greater economic opportunities. The American Indian students’ college experience, including statistics on enrollment, retention and drop-out rates, is prevalent in both quantitative and qualitative research. Moreover, research concerning the roles athletes and athletics have within higher education institutions is historically rich. The intersection of these two topics however, has received little to no attention. This dissertation will explore the impact of sports on American Indian collegiate athletes to determine the factors that both inspired and inhibited them from the pursuit of athletics in college. It will provide the first in-depth look at several American Indian collegiate athletes who can document how sports helped or failed to help them reach their educational aspirations.

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Stone, Michael H., and Margaret E. Stone. "Strength and Conditioning for Sport." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2008. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4676.

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Stone, Michael H., and Margaret E. Stone. "Strength and Conditioning for Sport." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://www.amzn.com/1451100841.

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Conditioning for Strength and Human Performance is a clearly written text on strength and conditioning filled with special features that engage you in multiple decision-making and hands-on training activities. Everything you need to train athletes for maximum performance and prepare yourself for certification is included. You'll start with a strong foundation in the basic science underlying strength and conditioning training. Next, you'll see how science is put into practice with detailed instructions on testing, assessment, exercise technique, and program develpment. You'll also learn injury prevention and rehabilitation. Additional resources accompany the text for instructors and students, including video lab assignments, case studies, and more.

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Johal, Sanjiev. "The sport of lions : the Punjabi-Sikh sporting experience : a study into the place of sport in the socio-cultural landscape of Punjabi-Sikhs in Britain." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2002. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2890/.

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By first detailing the religious, cultural and sporting heritage of Punjabi-Sikhs, the study focuses on how this sporting legacy of has been translated in Britain and how such translation has served to augment the perceived cultural traditions of British Punjabi-Sikhs. The inception of the Shaheedi Games tournaments and the proliferation of all-Punjabi-Sikh football teams are located within the wider phenomenon of post-war South Asian immigration to Britain. The first-hand oral testimonies of pioneering Punjabi-Sikh immigrants serve to script the narrative of the history and evolution of these tournaments. This work is also ethnographically informed through my association/interaction with a Punjabi-Sikh football club. The players/affiliates of this club provided a research environment and subject base allowing the investigation of their manifold identification with sport. The subjects of playing football and supporting professional football teams, along with the conspicuous absence of South Asians from top-flight professional football are used to highlight issues of racism(s) and the (re)negotiations of ethnic, cultural and regional identities. The Shadeedi Games tournaments are unique Punjabi-Sikh sporting/cultural events that have profound significance for Punjabi-Sikhs. The themes/principles of the carnival inform the discussion/exposition of these tournaments and point to their assumed counter-cultural motifs. This thesis aims to disavow uncritical conjecture that denies South Asians a diverse and prominent sporting pedigree/prowess. By uncovering and exploring the Punjabi-Sikh history and experience of sport, this thesis illustrates how this specific British South Asian community has an established, accomplished and multifariously dynamic identification with sport.

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Sang, J. M. K. "Sport and the global system : the case of athletics in Kenya." Thesis, Keele University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386606.

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Wan, Sabri W. M. "Forest recreation use patterns, user behaviour and recreational value in Malaysia." Thesis, Bangor University, 1987. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/forest-recreation-use-patterns-user-behaviour-and-recreational-value-in-malaysia(2695dbd3-a060-47e9-9ed6-714937abada7).html.

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The study is concerned with an examination of outdoor recreation at three forest recreation areas situated within and at the periphery of a large and major population region in Peninsular Malaysia. It was undertaken primarily to investigate the features that describe the use of these areas and to estimate the use-demand and quantification of consumers' surplus. Initially, a brief description of forest recreation in Peninsular Malaysia is presented. This is followed by a review of techniques for estimating consumers' surplus, after which it was concluded that an application of the travel cost method was appropriate for this study. An on-site questionnaire survey was used to gather a reasonable amount of user information. The questionnaire surveys carried out were found to be valuable; the information gathered facilitated the description and analysis of the areas' consumption, travel and use patterns and the behaviour of the users. Thus the surveys also provided information which was appropriate for the application of the travel cost technique. Subsequently, a detailed description of user behaviour is presented. Difficulties of the travel cost approach, were identified and addressed through the use of appropriate sample and extra-sample data. Particular attention was paid to the problems of multi-purpose trips, travel time bias and the influence of alternative sites on participation. Problems with functional forms and the weighting of points for the trip demand model were also given considerable attention. It is believed that the model selected in this study is an improvement on previously known models. The resulting estimates of consumers' surplus for the three areas are reasonably acceptable and conform to a priori expectations. Finally, the main conclusions of the thesis are highlighted and some aspects that have a bearing on planning and management issues are discussed along with brief recommendations for further and future research efforts.

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Lee, Alvin Y. "The impact of leisure-sport facility design on customer satisfaction." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2003. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1492.

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Marketing, retailing, organizational behavior and consumer behavior textbooks often mention the effects of servicescape atmospherics, physical design and decor elements on facility users. Service managers also recognize it as being an important aspect of their businesses. Yet, in marketing, there is surprisingly little research that is based on theoretical models which predict customer reactions to the different elements in the servicescape. Even less has been done to explore the effects of servicescape elements on customer satisfaction and behavioral intentions. This thesis focuses on selected aspects of Bitner's (1992) servicescape framework and explores the effects of layout. accessibility, aesthetics, electronic equipment, seating comfort, and cleanliness on customer perceptions of service quality. Perceived service quality is hypothesized to lead to customer satisfaction, and approach avoidance behaviors such as desire to remain longer in the servicescape, and intentions to repatronize the facility. In team based sports, fans will often frequent a venue due to their loyalty to the team; even if they do not like the facility. Therefore, having a choice of different venues is important, and is the main distinguishing feature of this thesis when compared to previous studies in this area (e.g. Baker & Cameron, 1996; Bitner, 1992; Moore, Pickett, & Grove, 1999; Wakefield & Blodgett, 1996), which used samples from leisure sports venues which hosted team-based sport. The use of these fan based samples may have resulted in respondent bias towards facility elements; as they do not visit the facility because of the “superiority" of the venue, but because their favorite team is playing there. The availability of more than one facility offering similar spectating experiences is important as it enables customers/spectators to choose between competing facilities based on the environmental variables under study. Wortman (1975) suggested that perceived choice (the perception that there is choice) can lead to positive psychological and behavioral outcomes. Therefore, having a choice of venues may give spectators more control, and result in happier spectators. Due to this need to ensure that leisure-sport facility users had a choice of venue, the data for this study was collected at horse, dog, and motor sport racing facilities. These venues were chosen because of their more "mobile" spectator base when compared to team-based sports like Australian Rules football or cricket. The Structural Equation Model of this study is based on the disconfirmation of expectations paradigm that was initially proposed by Oliver ( 1980) and later adapted for use in consumer quality perception and satisfaction theory by researchers such as Parasuraman, Zeithaml, & Berry (1985), Cronin & Taylor ( 1992), Saurina & Coenders (2002), and Price, Arnauld, & Tierney (1995). Disconfirmation of expectations theory posits that customers experience quality and satisfaction when the service provider meets or exceeds their expectations in a service scenario. Likewise, they experience disappointment when the service provider fails to meet their levels of expected service. The results suggested that Layout Accessibility, Facility Aesthetics, and Cleanliness each had significant influence on customer's service quality perceptions. Service quality was found to have a significant effect on Satisfaction, and customer satisfaction levels had a significant effect on the customer's desire to remain in the service facility, and on their repatronage intentions. The proposed model was supported, and this in turn lent further empirical evidence in support of Bitner's (1992) Servicescape Model. An interesting finding was that the loading patterns for the structural equation model were slightly different from a similar study undertaken by Wakefield & Blodgett (1996) on facilities which offered team-based sport. The importance of seating comfort and electronic scoreboards were found to be different. with these elements being of less importance to customer service quality perception than in team-based sport spectating situations. Although not part of the hypothesis, service quality was found to be an antecedent for customer satisfaction. This provides support in favor of Parasuraman et al. (1985), who has a longstanding debate with Cronin & Taylor (1992) about the directionality of the relationship between the two constructs; where Parasuraman, Zeithaml, & Berry ( l994a) suggested that perceived service quality came before customer satisfaction, and Cronin & Taylor ( 1992) disagreed by positing that customer satisfaction preceded customer perceptions of service quality. The findings of this thesis suggested that perception of quality is an antecedent to satisfaction, which favors the stance of Parasuraman, Zeithaml, & Berry(:994b). The results of this study suggest that the servicescape plays a significant role in determining customer satisfaction. Increased satisfaction, in turn, leads to a higher probability of the customer wishing to remain for longer periods in the service facility and/or return in future. For leisure-sport facility managers, this is important information as increased repatronage and length of stay has direct financial implications for their businesses (customers tend to spend more when they stay longer, and future intentions to revisit could mean more business). There are also implications for leisure-sport facility designers. The findings of this study suggests that spectators in non-team-based leisure-sport facilities place less importance on seating comfort and electronic displays, and more importance on spatial layout elements within the serviccscape. Therefore, the designers or renovators of horse, dog, and motor sport racing facilities should perhaps place more emphasis on the flow, furnishings, and layout in these types of venues.

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Dupee, Margaret. "Exploring a bioneurofeedback training intervention to enhance psychological skills & performance in sport." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27681.

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The purpose of the present study was to explore whether BNFK, which trains self-awareness and self-regulation of physiological and mental-emotional states, can enhance an athlete's psychological skills, specifically their ability to focus, relax and regulate their arousal and anxiety levels, and ultimately, enhance their sport performance. This research utilized a multiple-case study design. Six elite athletes, with a minimum of five years experience at the international or Olympic level, each received 30 hours of a BNFK training intervention. The effect of BNFK training was explored in three ways: (a) three phases of interviews were conducted with each athlete, prior to the BNFK training, between 20-30 hours of BNFK training, and at the end of the 2007-2008 competitive season; (b) physiological and neurological quantitative data was collected which measured improvements specific to the BNFK training; and (c) performance results were noted at the completion of the 2007-2008 competitive season and compared to previous results. The findings indicate that within the lab setting, the athletes developed (i) greater self-awareness of how they hold tension and anxiety in the body and (ii) self-regulation techniques to decrease that tension. As well, the athletes became more aware of their mental state, and through regulation of their level of anxiety and tension in the body, they enhanced their ability to focus. Although much improvement was seen, none of the athletes developed optimal self-regulation of all aspects measured. With respect to competition results, no definite improvement in performance was seen. The results of the study are further discussed in the context of the BNFK and sport psychology literature. Implications and future directions are also offered.

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Jones, Charles W., Kevin K. Byon, and K. A. Kim. "Value Co-creation in Sport." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3968.

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Holler, Elena. "The Use of an Imagery Education Program to Enhance Imagery Use, Self-Efficacy and Return to Sport Time in Athletes with a Sport Related Injury." Thesis, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1568356.

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Almost every athlete will experience at least one sport related injury (SRI) during his or her career in sport. Because of these injuries, there is often a period of time that the athlete is removed from play and forced to complete a rehabilitation program. In order to enhance this rehabilitation process, researchers have investigated various mental skills used by athletes to enhance their recovery process. Two of the areas that research has reviewed in terms of injury rehabilitation have been imagery and self-efficacy. However, there is a lack of research in which an imagery education intervention has been implemented to see how athletes in a rehabilitation program respond in terms of their imagery use, levels of self-efficacy, and speed of recovery. Therefore, this study investigated the use of an imagery education program, and its effect on athletes' imagery use, self-efficacy and rehabilitation time. This was done through the use of the Athletic Injury Imagery Questionnaire-2 (AIIQ-2) and the Athletic Injury Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (AISEQ). Due to a high attrition rate in participation, inferential statistics were not able to be conducted in order to truly assess the effectiveness of the imagery education program. However, other conclusions were drawn based on the completion rates and various variables that may have affected those rates. The study found that female, freshman were most likely to complete the entire study, while male juniors were least likely to complete the requirements of the study.

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Davison, Richard William. "The measurement of the natural potential of sites in the eastern Highlands of Scotland for downhill skiing." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/23839.

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Anable, Jillian Leigh. "Mobility management in the leisure sector : the application, psychological theory and behavioural segmentation." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7811.

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