Academic literature on the topic 'Spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking'

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking"

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De, Asitkumar. "Spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking and fermion mass generation in Lattice field theories /." The Ohio State University, 1988. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487591658176323.

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Speer, David [Verfasser]. "Spontaneous symmetry breaking transport : from anomalous response to chiral separation / David Speer. Fakultät für Physik. Abt. Theoretische Physik : Theorie der Kondensierten Materie." Bielefeld : Universitätsbibliothek Bielefeld, Hochschulschriften, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1011897105/34.

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Matheson, A. "Chiral symmetry breaking." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234997.

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Gautam, Bhavesh. "Effets collectifs des micronageurs dans les cristaux liquides nématiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0062.

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La thèse se concentre sur les effets collectifs des micro-nageurs dans les cristaux liquides nématiques. En utilisant des simulations de Boltzmann sur réseau, nous étudions un système composé de nageurs sphériques au sein d'un cristal liquide nématique. Nos résultats révèlent que le couplage entre les champs de flux du nageur et l'élasticité cristalline liquide peut déstabiliser l'alignement nématique uniforme. Dans l'espace quasi-2D, nous observons l'émergence d'une instabilité dominée par la flexion avec les propulseurs, ce qui est en accord avec les expériences de bactéries dans des films nématiques minces.Après l'ouverture de la troisième dimension, une rupture spontanée de la symétrie chirale est observée ; l'état nématique uniforme devient instable et se transforme en un état cholestérique-like (chiral), caractérisé par une torsion continue dans le champ directeur. Cela est observé à la fois pour les nageurs propulseurs (extensiles) et les nageurs tracteurs (contractiles). En analysant les déformations dans le champ directeur nématique, l'instabilité dominante est identifiée comme étant la torsion-flexion. Nos simulations démontrent que la dynamique des particules et le directeur nématique sont connectés. Dans l'état chiral, tant les nageurs propulseurs que les nageurs tracteurs présentent des trajectoires hélicoïdales.De plus, des stratégies pour contrôler la dynamique des micro-nageurs sont également étudiées. Motivés par des expériences bactériennes, nous considérons des nageurs de types propulseur et tracteur au sein de motifs nématiques. En accord avec les expériences, nos résultats montrent qu'un propulseur présente une trajectoire circulaire dans une flexion pure et une trajectoire linéaire dans un écart pur. Pour un nageur tracteur, un comportement opposé est observé. Enfin, nous explorons le transport de cargaison de particules colloïdales enchevêtrées par des défauts topologiques. Nos simulations suggèrent que le remplacement d'une colloïde passive par un nageur sphérique n'affecte pas le défaut topologique partagé et fournit une mobilité. La particule active est observée pour se lier à la cargaison via un défaut topologique. Avec un nageur propulseur, nous observons un transport guidé le long du directeur nématique, tandis qu'avec un tracteur, un transport perpendiculaire au directeur nématique est observé<br>The thesis focuses on the collective effects of microswimmers in nematic liquid crystals. Using lattice Boltzmann simulations, we study a system consisting of spherical swimmers within a nematic liquid crystal. Our findings reveal that coupling between the swimmer flow fields and the liquid crystalline elasticity can destabilize the uniform nematic alignment. In quasi-2D space, we observe the emergence of bend-dominated instability with pushers, which is in agreement with experiments of bacteria in thin nematic films.After opening the 3rd dimension, a spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking is observed; the uniform nematic state becomes unstable and transitions into a cholesteric-like (chiral) state, characterized by a continuous twist in the director field. This is observed for both pusher (extensile) and puller (contractile) swimmers. By analyzing the deformations in the nematic director field, the dominant instability is found to be twist-bend. Our simulations demonstrate that the particle dynamics and nematic director are connected. In the chiral state, both pusher and puller swimmers exhibit helical trajectories.Further, strategies for controlling microswimmer dynamics are also studied. Motivated by bacterial experiments, we consider swimmers of both pusher and puller types within nematic patterns. In agreement with experiments, our findings show that a pusher exhibit circular trajectory in a pure bend and linear trajectory in a pure splay. For a puller swimmer, opposite behavior is observed. Finally, we explore cargo transport of colloidal particles entangled by topological defects. Our simulations suggest that replacing a passive colloid with a spherical swimmer does not affect the shared topological defect and provides motility. The active particle is observed to bind to the cargo via a topological defect. With a pusher swimmer, we observe guided transport along the nematic director, while with a puller, transport is observed to be perpendicular to the nematic director
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Seyedi, Shila Seyedi. "QFT and Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teoretisk fysik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-425891.

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The aim of this project is to understand the structure of the Standard Model of the particle physics. Therefore quantum field theories (QFT) are studied in the both cases of abelian and non-abelian gauge theories i.e. quantum electrodynamics (QED), quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and electroweak interaction are reviewed. The solution to the mass problem arising in these theories i.e. spontaneous symmetry breaking is also studied.<br>Syftet med detta projekt är att förstå strukturen för partikelfysikens standardmodell. Därför studeras kvantfältsteorier (QFT) i båda fallen av abelska och icke-abelska gaugeteorier, dvs kvantelektrodynamik (QED), kvantkromodynamik (QCD) och elektrosvag växelverkan granskas. Lösningen på massproblemet som uppstår i dessa teorier, dvs. spontant symmetribrott studeras också.
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Sousa, Seixas David de. "Spontaneous symmetry breaking in collective neutrino oscillations." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-176278.

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We explore the phenomenon of spontaneous symmetry breaking in the context of collective neutrino flavor oscillations. Namely, we investigate the spontaneous breaking of isotropy in a homogeneous gas of neutrinos and of azimuthal isotropy in the context of core-collapse supernovae. For the homo- geneous gas, a simple one-dimensional model is analysed in order to demonstrate the phenomenon and understand the connection to the linearized stability analysis. The effect is then investigated in the context of isotropic emission from a supernova core. We show that an azimuthally isotropic flavor configuration is unstable under the differential equations of motion. We analyse the linear stability of propagation in the flavor state and the important consequences to the general prediction of collective flavor conversion. This symmetry-breaking instability is sensitive to the ordering of the neutrino masses.<br>Wir untersuchen das Phänomen der spontanten Symmetriebrechung im Kontext kollektiver Neutrino-Flavour-Oszillationen. Insbesondere betrachten wir die spontane Brechung der Isotropie in einem homogenen Neutrinogas und die Brechung der azimuthalen Symmetrie im Kontext von Kernkollaps-Supernovae. Für das homogene Gas untersuchen wir ein einfaches eindimensionales Modell, um das Phänomen vorzuführen und die Verbindung zur lineariserten Stabilitätsanalyse herauszuarbeiten. Dann wird der Effekt im Kontext von isotroper Neutrinoausstrahlung aus einem Supernova-Kern angewandt. Wir zeigen, dass eine isotrope Flavour-Konfiguration unter den differ- entiellen Bewegungsgleichungen instabil ist. Wir analysieren die lineare Stabilität der Propagation im Flavour-Zustand und wichtige Konsequenzen für die allgemeine Vorhersage kollektiver Flavour- Konversion. Diese symmetriebrechende Instabilität wird von der Anordnung (“Hierarchie”) der Neutrinomassen beeinflusst.
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Sharan, Ujjawal. "Topology and chiral symmetry breaking in QCD." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302137.

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Gebauer, Astrid. "Chiral symmetry breaking transitions in holographic duals." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2011. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/206257/.

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Generalisations of the AdS/CFT Correspondence are used to study chiral symmetry breaking in dual gauge theories. We use the D3/D7 and D3/D5 systems to model both 3+1 and 2+1 dimensional, strongly coupled, gauge theories with quark fields. We show that chiral symmetry breaking is induced by either an imposed running coupling/dilaton profile or a background magnetic field. We explore the low energy effective theory of the pions of these models deriving simple integral equations for low energy parameters in the spirit of constituent quark model results. We also explore the phase structure of these models, with respect to temperature, chemical potential and applied electric field. The phase diagrams contain regions with broken and restored chiral symmetry separated by first order, second order and BKT transitions. There is an extra transition associated with the melting of the meson states into the background plasma. Finally we use the phenomenological dilaton profile to engineer holographic descriptions of theories with QCD-like phase diagrams.
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Smith, John Warren. "Dynamical chiral symmetry breaking in four-fermi theories." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30345.

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Dynamical symmetry breaking of discrete chiral symmetry in four-fermi models is studied. A variational method is used to determine the effective potential. This potential is then examined to determine the critical coupling for which a phase transistion between massless and massive states occurs. Two trial ground states are used in the variational calculation and the results are the same in each case. The first is the ground state of a free massive fermion and the other is a generalized Bogoliobov-Valatin transformation of a free massless fermion ground state. In each case dynamical symmetry breaking occurs, if the coupling is fine-tuned. The results are shown to be valid for physical dimensions 1+1, 2+1 and 3+1 and compared with those of other variational methods and the 1/N expansion.<br>Science, Faculty of<br>Physics and Astronomy, Department of<br>Graduate
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Cundy, Nigel. "Instantons, topology, and chiral symmetry breaking in QCD." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.275509.

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