Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sponge ecology

Academic literature on the topic 'Sponge ecology'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Sponge ecology"

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Taylor, Michael W., Regina Radax, Doris Steger, and Michael Wagner. "Sponge-Associated Microorganisms: Evolution, Ecology, and Biotechnological Potential." Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 71, no. 2 (June 2007): 295–347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.00040-06.

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SUMMARY Marine sponges often contain diverse and abundant microbial communities, including bacteria, archaea, microalgae, and fungi. In some cases, these microbial associates comprise as much as 40% of the sponge volume and can contribute significantly to host metabolism (e.g., via photosynthesis or nitrogen fixation). We review in detail the diversity of microbes associated with sponges, including extensive 16S rRNA-based phylogenetic analyses which support the previously suggested existence of a sponge-specific microbiota. These analyses provide a suitable vantage point from which to consider the potential evolutionary and ecological ramifications of these widespread, sponge-specific microorganisms. Subsequently, we examine the ecology of sponge-microbe associations, including the establishment and maintenance of these sometimes intimate partnerships, the varied nature of the interactions (ranging from mutualism to host-pathogen relationships), and the broad-scale patterns of symbiont distribution. The ecological and evolutionary importance of sponge-microbe associations is mirrored by their enormous biotechnological potential: marine sponges are among the animal kingdom's most prolific producers of bioactive metabolites, and in at least some cases, the compounds are of microbial rather than sponge origin. We review the status of this important field, outlining the various approaches (e.g., cultivation, cell separation, and metagenomics) which have been employed to access the chemical wealth of sponge-microbe associations.
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Sacristán-Soriano, Oriol, and Mikel A. Becerro. "Publication impact in sponge chemical and microbial ecology." Scientia Marina 80, no. 4 (November 22, 2016): 555. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/scimar.04466.04a.

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It is well known that sponges constitute one of the most prevalent groups in marine benthic communities based on their challenging structural organization, abundance and diversity, and their functional roles in natural communities. The evolutionary success of this group may be explained by the close interaction between sponges and microbes, which dates back to the Precambrian era. This particular symbiosis has become a key factor within sponge research and is an emerging topic of two scientific disciplines: chemical and microbial ecology. This mini-review evaluates the influence of these two disciplines on the general scientific community using a series of bibliometric indicators to ensure objectivity. Our analyses showed that, although sponge chemical ecology has a greater overall impact on the scientific community, both disciplines are cited equally and more frequently than expected. Both research areas show a great impact on applied sciences, but the ecological perspectives of sponge chemistry and microbiology may fall outside the interests of a broader ecological audience. Moreover, we highlight some research topics (e.g. effects of environmental stress) that may require further attention. Hence, sponge chemical and microbial ecology have the opportunity to contribute to broader ecological issues in topics that make sponges particularly important, such as symbiosis.
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Paul, Valerie J., Christopher J. Freeman, and Vinayak Agarwal. "Chemical Ecology of Marine Sponges: New Opportunities through “-Omics”." Integrative and Comparative Biology 59, no. 4 (April 27, 2019): 765–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icb/icz014.

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Abstract The chemical ecology and chemical defenses of sponges have been investigated for decades; consequently, sponges are among the best understood marine organisms in terms of their chemical ecology, from the level of molecules to ecosystems. Thousands of natural products have been isolated and characterized from sponges, and although relatively few of these compounds have been studied for their ecological functions, some are known to serve as chemical defenses against predators, microorganisms, fouling organisms, and other competitors. Sponges are hosts to an exceptional diversity of microorganisms, with almost 40 microbial phyla found in these associations to date. Microbial community composition and abundance are highly variable across host taxa, with a continuum from diverse assemblages of many microbial taxa to those that are dominated by a single microbial group. Microbial communities expand the nutritional repertoire of their hosts by providing access to inorganic and dissolved sources of nutrients. Not only does this continuum of microorganism–sponge associations lead to divergent nutritional characteristics in sponges, these associated microorganisms and symbionts have long been suspected, and are now known, to biosynthesize some of the natural products found in sponges. Modern “omics” tools provide ways to study these sponge–microbe associations that would have been difficult even a decade ago. Metabolomics facilitate comparisons of sponge compounds produced within and among taxa, and metagenomics and metatranscriptomics provide tools to understand the biology of host–microbe associations and the biosynthesis of ecologically relevant natural products. These combinations of ecological, microbiological, metabolomic and genomics tools, and techniques provide unprecedented opportunities to advance sponge biology and chemical ecology across many marine ecosystems.
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Mortimer, C., M. Dunn, A. Haris, J. Jompa, and J. Bell. "Estimates of sponge consumption rates on an Indo-Pacific reef." Marine Ecology Progress Series 672 (August 19, 2021): 123–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13786.

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Determining predator diets is essential for understanding the strength of top-down processes and how they cascade through food webs. This is especially important for sponges, key members of benthic communities, whose dominance has increased in recent years on some coral reefs. However, the diversity of spongivorous fishes and the sponges they consume are relatively unknown. Here, we estimated sponge consumption by spongivorous fishes in the Wakatobi Marine National Park, Indonesia. We deployed cameras to identify fish biting at the dominant reef sponge Xestospongia spp. and then used gut content analysis and fish abundance estimates to quantify sponge consumption. In total, 33 species from 10 families of reef fish were identified taking bites from Xestospongia spp.; however, the 2 most prolific sponge-grazers, Ctenochaetus binotatus and Chaetodon kleinii, had no sponge in their guts, showing that for some fish, bites on sponge surfaces are not reliable evidence of sponge consumption. Gut contents indicated that Pygoplites diacanthus was an obligate spongivore, while Pomacanthus imperator, P. xanthometopon, Zanclus cornutus and Siganus punctatus regularly consumed sponges. Sponge consumption by these 5 spongivores was estimated at 46.6 ± 18.3 g sponge 1000 m-2 d-1. Molecular approaches developed to sequence the 18S gene for sponges consumed by angelfishes led to the successful amplification of 14 consumed sponges representing 6 orders of Porifera. We provide the first estimate of sponge consumption in the Indo-Pacific and are the first to successfully sequence partially digested sponges from fish stomachs, identifying several sponges previously unknown to be consumed by spongivores.
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Mackie, G. O. "Progress in sponge biology." Canadian Journal of Zoology 84, no. 2 (February 1, 2006): 143–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z06-014.

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This is an introduction to a set of reviews covering aspects of the systematics, phylogeny and evolution of extant and fossil sponges, sponge embryogenesis and reproductive biology, cell culture and cell death, coordination, ecology, and mineral skeletogenesis.
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Bell, James J. "The ecology of sponges in Lough Hyne Marine Nature Reserve (south-west Ireland): past, present and future perspectives." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 87, no. 6 (December 2007): 1655–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315407058171.

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Lough Hyne was Europe's first Marine Nature Reserve and is a well known biodiversity hotspot that supports extensive sponge assemblages. The unusual, but predictable, flow and sedimentation regimes have important impacts on the sponge assemblages at the species and assemblage levels. Here I present a review of recent sponge research at Lough Hyne, which covers: (1) a description of the sponge-dominated habitats; (2) the biological and physical factors controlling sponge biodiversity and abundance; (3) sponge species and assemblage level morphological variability; and (4) the relationship between sponge morphological, species and functional diversity. It appears that physical factors are primarily responsible for the sponge diversity and abundance patterns found in Lough Hyne, although the importance of intra- and interphyletic (particularly with algae) competitive interactions requires further investigation. Although our knowledge of how sponges respond and adapt to environmental variability has increased substantially because of the research conducted at Lough Hyne, I have highlighted a number of future research areas in the context of Lough Hyne sponge assemblages, which are relevant to understanding structuring processes across the globe.
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Proksch, P., R. Ebel, R. A. Edrada, P. Schupp, W. H. Lin, V. Wray, and K. Steube. "Detection of pharmacologically active natural products using ecology. Selected examples from Indopacific marine invertebrates and sponge-derived fungi." Pure and Applied Chemistry 75, no. 2-3 (January 1, 2003): 343–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200375020343.

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This review article presents our group's recent research findings with regard to bioactive natural products from marine sponges and tunicates, as well as from sponge derived fungi. The organisms discussed originate in the Indopacific region, which has an exceptionally rich marine biodiversity. Major topics that are covered in our review include the chemical ecology of sponges, focusing on defense against fishes, as well as the isolation and identification of new bioactive constituents from sponges and tunicates. Sponge derived fungi are introduced as an emerging source for new bioactive metabolites, reflecting the currently growing interest in natural products from marine microorganisms.
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Olinger, LK, A. Chaves-Fonnegra, IC Enochs, and ME Brandt. "Three competitors in three dimensions: photogrammetry reveals rapid overgrowth of coral during multispecies competition with sponges and algae." Marine Ecology Progress Series 657 (January 7, 2021): 109–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13579.

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Competition for limited space is an important driver of benthic community structure on coral reefs. Studies of coral-algae and coral-sponge interactions often show competitive dominance of algae and sponges over corals, but little is known about the outcomes when these groups compete in a multispecies context. Multispecies competition is increasingly common on Caribbean coral reefs as environmental degradation drives loss of reef-building corals and proliferation of alternative organisms such as algae and sponges. New methods are needed to understand multispecies competition, whose outcomes can differ widely from pairwise competition and range from coexistence to exclusion. In this study, we used 3D photogrammetry and image analyses to compare pairwise and multispecies competition on reefs in the US Virgin Islands. Sponges (Desmapsamma anchorata, Aplysina cauliformis) and macroalgae (Lobophora variegata) were attached to coral (Porites astreoides) and arranged to simulate multispecies (coral-sponge-algae) and pairwise (coral-sponge, coral-algae) competition. Photogrammetric 3D models were produced to measure surface area change of coral and sponges, and photographs were analyzed to measure sponge-coral, algae-coral, and algae-sponge overgrowth. Coral lost more surface area and was overgrown more rapidly by the sponge D. anchorata in multispecies treatments, when the sponge was also in contact with algae. Algae contact may confer a competitive advantage to the sponge D. anchorata, but not to A. cauliformis, underscoring the species-specificity of these interactions. This first application of photogrammetry to study competition showed meaningful losses of living coral that, combined with significant overgrowths by competitors detected from image analyses, exposed a novel outcome of multispecies competition.
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Bell, James J., and David Smith. "Ecology of sponge assemblages (Porifera) in the Wakatobi region, south-east Sulawesi, Indonesia: richness and abundance." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 84, no. 3 (May 24, 2004): 581–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315404009580h.

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The influence of sedimentation, depth and substratum angle on sponge assemblages in the Wakatobi region, south-eastern Sulawesi, Indonesia was considered. Sponge assemblages were sampled from two reef localities. The first reef (Sampela) was highly impacted by high sedimentation rates with fine sediment particles that settle slowly, while the second (Hoga) experienced only fast settling coarse sediment with lower overall sedimentation rates. Sponge assemblages were sampled (area occupied and numbers) on the reef flat (0 m) and at 5 (reef crest), 10 and 15 m (15 m at Hoga only). Some significant (P<0·001) differences were observed in the area occupied and the number of sponge patches between surface angles and sites. Significantly lower (t>4·61, df=9, P<0·001) sponge numbers, percentage cover and richness were associated with the reef flat at both sites compared with all other depths at each site, with the exception of abundance of sponges on the reef flat at Sampela, which was much greater than at any other depth sampled. Species richness increased with depth at both sites but differences between surface angles were only recorded at Sampela, with higher species richness being found on vertical, inclined and horizontal surfaces respectively. A total of 100 sponge species (total area sampled 52·5 m2) was reported from the two sites, with 58 species found at Sampela and 71 species at Hoga (41% of species shared). Multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) indicated differences in assemblage structure between sites and most depth intervals, but not substratum angles. A number of biological (e.g. competition and predation) and physical (e.g. sedimentation and aerial exposure) factors were considered to control sponge abundance and richness. Unexpectedly a significant (F1,169=148·98, P<0·001) positive linear relationship was found between sponge density and area occupied. In areas of high sponge coverage, the number of patches was also high, possibly due to fragmentation of large sponges produced as a result of predation and physical disturbance. The MDS results were also the same whether sponge numbers or percentage cover estimates were used, suggesting that although these different approaches yield different sorts of information, the same assemblage structure can be identified.
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Ribes, Marta, Claudia Dziallas, Rafel Coma, and Lasse Riemann. "Microbial Diversity and Putative Diazotrophy in High- and Low-Microbial-Abundance Mediterranean Sponges." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81, no. 17 (June 12, 2015): 5683–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01320-15.

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ABSTRACTMicrobial communities associated with marine sponges carry out nutrient transformations essential for benthic-pelagic coupling; however, knowledge about their composition and function is still sparse. We evaluated the richness and diversity of prokaryotic assemblages associated with three high-microbial-abundance (HMA) and three low-microbial-abundance (LMA) sympatric Mediterranean sponges to address their stability and uniqueness. Moreover, to examine functionality and because an imbalance between nitrogen ingestion and excretion has been observed for some of these species, we sequenced nitrogenase genes (nifH) and measured N2fixation. The prokaryotic communities in the two sponge types did not differ in terms of richness, but the highest diversity was found in HMA sponges. Moreover, the discrete composition of the communities in the two sponge types relative to that in the surrounding seawater indicated that horizontal transmission and vertical transmission affect the microbiomes associated with the two sponge categories.nifHgenes were found in all LMA species and sporadically in one HMA species, and about half of thenifHgene sequences were common between the different sponge species and were also found in the surrounding water, suggesting horizontal transmission.15N2-enriched incubations showed that N2fixation was measurable in the water but was not associated with the sponges. Also, the analysis of the isotopic ratio of15N to14N in sponge tissue indicated that N2fixation is not an important source of nitrogen in these Mediterranean sponges. Overall, our results suggest that compositional and functional features differ between the prokaryotic communities associated with HMA and LMA sponges, which may affect sponge ecology.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sponge ecology"

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Henkel, Timothy P. "Ecology of the obligate sponge-dwelling brittlestar Ophiothrix lineata." View electronic thesis, 2008. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2008-3/r1/henkelt/timothyhenkel.pdf.

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Beaulieu, Stace. "The ecology of glass sponge communities in the abyssal NE Pacific /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9907821.

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Trautman, Donelle Ann. "Aspects of the ecology and physiology of a tropical sponge and its macroalgal symbiont." Thesis, Trautman, Donelle Ann (1996) Aspects of the ecology and physiology of a tropical sponge and its macroalgal symbiont. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 1996. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/51822/.

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This study examined ecological and physiological aspects of the symbiotic relationship between the tropical sponge Haliclom cymiformis and the red macroalga Ceratodictyon spongiosum at One Tree Reef, Great Barrier Reef. Although Haliclona/Ceratodictyon occurs commonly in the shallow waters of coral reefs, the biology of this association, nor any other sponge-macroalgal association, has ever been studied in detail. At One Tree Reef, I found that populations of the Haliclona/Ceratodictyon association were generally restricted to the rubble banks just inside the north eastern rim of the reef crest which surrounds One Tree Lagoon. Only one population of the association was found in the centre of the lagoon. At the rubble bank sites, large populations of the Haliclona/Ceratodictyon association appear to be maintained by asexual reproduction Strong wave turbulence often fragments larger sponges and the size-frequency distribution was strongly skewed toward smaller individuals. In the centre of the lagoon, individuals of the association grew to much larger sizes than those found at the rubble banks, even though this site has a sandy, rather than rubble, floor and was shown to have higher rates of sedimentation, lower irradiance and less turbulence than the rubble bank sites. It appears that the lack of suitable rocky substrata in the centre of the lagoon limits the recruitment of the association into new areas. Fusion experiments between intact individuals of Haliclona/Ceratodictyon collected from different sites. both on the edge and in the centre of One Tree Lagoon, showed sufficient histocompatibility to suggest that existing populations of Haliclona/Ceratodictyon may have originated from the same parent population. Measurements of photosynthesis rates across a range of irradiances in the intact association were modelled using the hyperbolic tangent function, and me results showed that this association makes a significant contribution to the primary productivity of One Tree Lagoon. Haliclom/Ceratodictyon was shown to have a high rate of photosynthesis; during summer, maximum rates of photosynthesis produced approximately 434 µmol 02 mg chl a-1.h-1, at a saturating light intensity of 749 µmol photons.m-2.s-1 (i.e. the minimum irradiance required to reach the maximum rate of photosynthesis). Compensation irradiance (where the rate of photosynthesis is equal to the rate of respiration) was approximately 316 µmol photons.m-2.s-1, and the slope of the plot of photosynthesis versus irradiance at sub-saturating irradiances (a) was 0.77. The rate of respiration was also high, consuming 218 µmol O2 mg chl a-1.h-1. During winter the rate of maximum photosynthesis and the rate of respiration generally decreased as did the saturating irradiance, and the irradiances required to bring about maximum photosynthesis and compensation photosynthesis. The rates of photosynthesis at irradiances lower than the saturating light intensity generally increased at this time of year. Photosynthesis and respiration in intact Haliclona/Ceratodictyon occurred at the same rate in the growing tips of the association and near the base. These rates were not affected by concentrations of oxygen up to 287.5 µmol O2.l-1, or by short-term nutrient enrichment with nitrogen, phosphorus, or a combination of the two, to ten times the ambient lagoon concentration. Differences were found in the rates of photosynthesis and respiration between day and night, when pieces of the association were exposed to the same levels of irradiance at different times over a 24 h period. Changes in temperature also affected the rates of photosynthesis and respiration in the intact association; the mean Q10 values for respiration and photosynthesis between 15°C and 30°C were 2.14 and 2.46 respectively. Photosynthetic rate and photosynthetic pigment concentrations were also increased when clumps of Haliclona/Ceratodictyon were subjected to prolonged reductions in irradiance. Similar results were obtained from pieces of the association which were collected from the site in the centre of One Tree Lagoon where the water held large volumes of suspended sediments. Isolation of both the sponge and algal tissue was achieved in this study, but isolated sponge cells never survived for longer than 48 h. Isolated algal filaments could be maintained in culture for long periods but the photosynthetic rate was reduced following isolation and growth in culture, and they grew very slowly. Active filter feeding by the sponge occurred at a constant rate during both day and night. The sponge could rapidly clear both particulate and dissolved organic matter from the water column. Despite high rates of photosynthesis and the presence of some ‘host release factor’ activity, relatively small quantities of photosynthetically fixed carbon appeared to be translocated from the isolated alga, when algal filaments were incubated in homogenized sponge tissue. This association is therefore a significant primary producer, inhabiting areas in which not many large primary producers (algae or corals) can live. The success of Huliclona/Ceratodictyon in these environments is at least partly due to its ability to survive fragmentation, which is an important factor in the reproduction and dispersal of the association. The results presented here also suggest that the symbiosis is based on a structural rather than nutritional relationship between the partners. Thus the association is of unique physiological interest.
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Chak, Tin Chi Solomon. "Reproductive Altruism, Social Diversity and Host Association in Sponge-Dwelling Snapping Shrimps, Synalpheus." W&M ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1477068130.

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The diversity of animal social strategies has interested evolutionary biologists since the time of Darwin. Eusociality—the apex of animal sociality—traditionally characterized by cooperative offspring care, overlapping generations and reproductive division of labor, was until recently known only in insects and a few vertebrate species. The independent evolution of eusociality in shrimps in the genus Synalpheus offers a unique opportunity to test the generality of social evolution theories that are based mainly on insects and social vertebrates. The genus Synalpheus is particularly ideal for comparative analysis because their social organizations are highly diverse, yet they share very similar ecology of being sponge dwellers. Further, their close associations with sponges, in which many are considered microbial fermenters, allow one to test the ecological drivers of species diversity in Synalpheus. In this dissertation, I first explored the nature and consequences of reproductive altruism in eusocial species. Chapter 1 showed that workers in eusocial Synalpheus retain reproductive capability, but reproduction of female workers is suppressed by the queen. Chapter 2 showed further that such reproductive inequity among females within a colony leads to potentially strong competition among females for reproductive opportunities, and is associated with reduced sexual dimorphism in eusocial Synalpheus species. Second, I examined the evolutionary trajectories between and ecological advantages associated with different social organizations in Synalpheus. Chapter 3 shows that the two demographically distinct social organizations found in Synalpheus—communality and eusociality—have evolved via separate evolutionary trajectories and represent alternative social strategies. Chapter 4 further shows that these social strategies are associated with different aspects of ecological advantages conferred on Synalpheus living together. Finally, the intimate association with host sponges constrains the lifestyle of Synalpheus and may be one factor that has predisposed their evolution of eusociality. In Chapter 5, I examined the association pattern of Synalpheus with their host sponges and found that the symbiotic microorganisms in sponges, rather than the phylogenetic histories of the host sponges, are a better predictor and potential driver of the host association pattern. This dissertation has sought to test, and ended up challenging, several paradigms in ecology and evolution. My results suggest that 1) polymorphic reproductive soldiers may represent a natural transition towards eusociality, 2) reproductive monopolization can modulate the pattern of sexual dimorphism in social species, 3) communality and eusociality evolved from distinct trajectories and have different ecological advantages, and 4) symbiotic microorganisms may mediate biological interactions between their hosts and other organisms.
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Witowski, Chris G. "Investigation of Bioactive Metabolites from the Antarctic Sponge Dendrilla membranosa and Marine Microorganisms." Scholar Commons, 2015. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5602.

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Natural products continue to be a valuable source of compounds in research involving chemical ecology and drug discovery. Secondary metabolites are biosynthesized to benefit the host organism in its environment (feeding deterrence from predators, antibiotic properties to avoid infection, etc.) but these compounds also serve as useful scaffolds in drug discovery applications. The research herein describes both aspects of these two branches of natural products chemistry. The Antarctic sponge Dendrilla membranosa produces diterpenes, of which membranolide A, deters feeding of the predatory amphipod Gondogenia antarctica. A metabolomic study of several sponges was undertaken to determine environmental factors that govern the metabolism of D. membranosa. Habitat specificity, above or below the algal canopy, was a significant factor for the chemical clustering of sponges as well as the abundance of potential amphipod predators that are prevalent within the canopy. Another D. membranosa diterpene, aplysulphurin, undergoes degradation upon methanolic treatment to form the methoxy membranolides B-H. An investigation of these artifacts reveals potent activity against the leishmaniasis-causing parasite Leishmania donovani. Microorganisms also generate a significant number of bioactive natural products. Biotic and abiotic culture stressors such as co-culturing and epigenetic modification, respectively, will be explored to turn on cryptic biosynthetic pathways. These techniques are shown to produce unique secondary metabolites from cultures and further reinforce the one strain many compounds approach to the versatile and formidable microbial domain.
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Abdo, David A. "Maintenance and structuring of two temperate Haliclonid sponge populations." University of Western Australia. School of Plant Biology, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0197.

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[Truncated abstract] Sponges have an invaluable ecological importance through the provision of shelter and habitat, consolidation of reefs, bio-erosion, and in benthic-pelagic coupling processes. In addition, sponges are known to be an incredible source of compounds with bio-medicinal and commercial applications. Despite their ecological and economic importance, our understanding of the processes which maintain and structure sponge populations is severely lacking compared to other sessile invertebrates (e.g. Cnidarians). This study examines the processes which help maintain and the factors which structure the populations of two sympatric Haliclona species (Demospongiae; Haplosclerida; Chalinidae) at Hamelin Bay on the south west coast of Australia. In addition, the importance of both species to the broader marine community is examined. The reproductive biology of both species was determined from histological sections taken from each species over two years at Hamelin Bay. No evidence of asexual reproduction was observed in either species. Sexual reproduction occurred from November to April in Haliclona sp. 1 (hereafter green Haliclona) and November to May in Haliclona sp. 2 (hereafter brown Haliclona). The green Haliclona is viviparous with both gonochoric and hermaphroditic individuals observed in the population. The brown Haliclona is also viviparous with separate sexes. The onset and progression of reproduction in both species corresponded to increases in water temperature and photoperiod, but only decreasing wave height showed a significant correlation to gametogenesis. ... A significant (P < 0.05) difference in concentration between seasons was also observed, suggesting environmental and physiological factors affect the production of salicylihalamide A in the green Haliclona. The importance of each species to the marine environment was assessed by investigating the endofauna inhabiting each species across their known range ( [approx. ]1000 km's). A total of 948 and 287 endofaunal individuals were found associated with the green and brown Haliclona, respectively. Twenty four endofaunal taxa were found (from mysid shrimps to teleost fish), and the endofaunal assemblages of each species were significantly different. However, only the endofaunal assemblage associated with the green Haliclona varied among locations. Overall, this study demonstrates that the populations of both species are maintained by limited sexual reproductive output and larval dispersal. Abiotic factors (e.g. water temperature, wave exposure) influence the growth and physiology of both species, which is intimately connected to their abilities to reproduce. This has important consequences for the species populations with regard to their resilience to environmental change, and potential for harvesting of biomass for supply of bioactive compounds. Additionally, both species provide important habitats for many other organisms. The findings highlight the need for a detailed understanding of the ecology of potentially exploitable sponge species, to ensure their conservation and limit the impact on the organisms which rely on the sponges.
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Andringa, Stephanie Lynn. "Ecology, Population Dynamics, and Sexual Characteristics of Commensal Leucothoid Amphipods with the Sponge Cliona varians in the Florida Keys (Crustacea: Amphipoda)." NSUWorks, 2015. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/28.

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Recent observations have identified a new species of leucothoid amphipod, Leucothoe “sp. F,” associated with the sponge Cliona varians. This project examined the relationship between this amphipod and its sponge host at three sites in the Florida Keys with differing hydrodynamic regimes. Ninety-eight sponge samples with a total of 2,030 amphipods were collected between December 2011 and September 2012. Leucothoe “sp. F” is currently a common species in the Florida Keys strongly associated with C. varians; its distribution strongly coincides with open tidal currents from the Gulf of Mexico. Seasonality, depth, and tidal regimes not only influence population dynamics and sexual characteristics of Leucothoe “sp. F,” but also the abundance and volume of its host.
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Davis, Katie S. "Use of a Towed Camera System along the west Florida shelf: A Case Study of the Florida Middle Grounds Benthic Marine Communities." Scholar Commons, 2018. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7494.

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As technologies advance the study of ocean dynamics, new approaches to vexing problems of scale and process are becoming more widely available. Originally conceived as a tool primarily for indexing the abundance of near-bottom fishes, the Camera-based Assessment and Survey System (C-BASS) may also be an effective tool for monitoring benthic invertebrate resources vulnerable to natural and anthropogenic perturbations, and for characterizing the composition of benthic communities to inform spatial management. Using still images derived from the C-BASS video of benthic transects within the Florida Middle Grounds, I documented the abundance of benthic habitat-forming functional groups—sponges, algae, and corals—and noted taxa that were present in a SCUBA and ROV study conducted a decade earlier. Images were pre-processed using MATLAB computer programming language to correct for light attenuation and scattering in seawater at depth, and examined using ImageJ software and Coral Point Count software or rapid visual assessment methodology to assess image quality and percent cover, respectively. Exploratory data analysis (dissimilarity profile) delineated five habitat types in the northern Florida Middle Grounds, and discriminating benthic cover was identified using similarity percentage analysis: soft corals, fleshy macroalgae, low-relief algae, encrusted rubble, and sand. Hard corals and sponges represented relatively low area cover. A canonical analysis of principle components of in situ environmental measurements, chlorophyll a, turbidity, salinity, slope, and depth highlighted the association of the sand habitat type with greater depths and least amount of slope. Fleshy macroalgae were associated with greater slope, which reflected its presence in transitional areas between sand and reef. Soft coral habitat type was correlated with shallower depths, but also to lower temperature and lower salinity, highlighting the limitations of one-time environmental measurements to the condition of that time and space. A distance-based redundancy analysis of fish species abundance revealed that sponges, soft corals, and hard corals explained some of the variation of Holocentridae spp., angelfishes, and porgy, and that gray snapper appeared to associate with higher measurements of chlorophyll a. A comparison of C-BASS measurements with a coincidental stationary camera survey revealed that a slight shift in view, either from the seafloor to the water column, or from two slightly different positions in the water column, can obscure or reveal benthic cover to varying degrees, suggesting that more imaging could provide more complete representations of the benthic cover. Continued surveys of the benthic composition of the west Florida shelf could elucidate the range of environmental conditions and facilitate further investigations into the fish species associations with biotic cover in these benthic communities.
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Davidson, Fiona. "Predicting Glass Sponge (Porifera, Hexactinellida) Distributions in the North Pacific Ocean and Spatially Quantifying Model Uncertainty." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/40028.

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Predictions of species’ ranges from distribution modeling are often used to inform marine management and conservation efforts, but few studies justify the model selected or quantify the uncertainty of the model predictions in a spatial manner. This thesis employs a multi-model, multi-area SDM analysis to develop a higher certainty in the predictions where similarities exist across models and areas. Partial dependence plots and variable importance rankings were shown to be useful in producing further certainty in the results. The modeling indicated that glass sponges (Hexactinellida) are most likely to exist within the North Pacific Ocean where alkalinity is greater than 2.2 μmol l-1 and dissolved oxygen is lower than 2 ml l-1. Silicate was also found to be an important environmental predictor. All areas, except Hecate Strait, indicated that high glass sponge probability of presence coincided with silicate values of 150 μmol l-1 and over, although lower values in Hecate Strait confirmed that sponges can exist in areas with silicate values of as low as 40 μmol l-1. Three methods of showing spatial uncertainty of model predictions were presented: the standard error (SE) of a binomial GLM, the standard deviation of predictions made from 200 bootstrapped GLM models, and the standard deviation of eight commonly used SDM algorithms. Certain areas with few input data points or extreme ranges of predictor variables were highlighted by these methods as having high uncertainty. Such areas should be treated cautiously regardless of the overall accuracy of the model as indicated by accuracy metrics (AUC, TSS), and such areas could be targeted for future data collection. The uncertainty metrics produced by the multi-model SE varied from the GLM SE and the bootstrapped GLM. The uncertainty was lowest where models predicted low probability of presence and highest where the models predicted high probability of presence and these predictions differed slightly, indicating high confidence in where the models predicted the sponges would not exist.
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McQuillan, Lea. "Species richness, density and cover of sponge assemblages on temperate reefs off Perth, Western Australia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2006. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/359.

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Sponges were the dominant faunal benthic group, occupying 30 -50% of the limestone reef surface and displaying high diversity (>240 sponge species) on subtidal temperate reefs off Perth, Western Australia. Despite this high diversity there was little variation in composition among the six different sites sampled. However, there was within-site heterogeneity of sponge assemblages which has been ascribed to small-scale variation in light and sedimentation/abrasion rates. Differences in sponge assemblages were also detected between sampling times, species richness and sponge density were higher in winter compared to summer, whereas, sponge cover was higher in summer compared to winter. The results suggest that the growth and development of juveniles or annuals may have been adversely affected by the harsh conditions of winter. The higher temperatures in summer appeared to promote growth and reproduction of sponges. Rapid assessment techniques have been proposed to look for patterns in biodiversity in conservation biology studies, when detailed routine surveys are not feasible. Two rapid assessment techniques were assessed, firstly examining the dominant sponge species; and secondly aggregating the sponge species to order level. The results of two rapid assessment techniques were promising if comparing sponge assemblages across habitats. If the aim was to assess sponge assemblages across sites, neither rapid assessment technique showed the same results compared to species level data. The general conclusion for subtidal temperate reef sponge assemblages within Marmion Lagoon is that there is substantial loss of information for spatial comparisons when aggregating species to order level or using only the dominant sponges. What was found was that the two levels failed to detect differences among sites which were found in the species level data analyses, but all three analyses gave the same results for habitat data. In Western Australia only a few studies on sponges have been undertaken along the extensive coastline (12,500 km long). Previous sponge research in Western Australia occurred predominately as a result of taxonomic collections from expeditions undertaken in the 19th and early 201 h centuries. This study has described the 43 dominant sponge species that were found at six different sites on subtidal temperate reefs in Marmion Lagoon, Western Australia. Sponges were the dominant fauna found at most of the research sites off this coastal Perth location and included many species from a range of orders and families. Most of the species found occurred in sciaphilic (shade-loving) habitats. Only a few species occurred in full light conditions on the reef flats. This study documented 243 sponge species from subtidal limestone reefs between 8-12 metres in depth within the Lagoon. These 243 species comprised 197 siliceous sponges (Class Demospongiae) and 46 calcareous sponges (Class Calcarea) and were identified to at least order. Eighteen were identified to order, 88 to family, 35 to genus and 56 to species level. Approximately 30% of the species recorded here are possibly new to science.
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Books on the topic "Sponge ecology"

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Stone, Robert P. The ecology of deep-sea coral and sponge habitats of the central Aleutian Islands of Alaska. Seattle, Washington: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, 2014.

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Santhanam, Ramasamy, Santhanam Ramesh, and Anbu Jeba Sunilson. Biology and Ecology of Pharmaceutical Marine Sponges. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2018.: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351132473.

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Ricciardi, Anthony. Taxonomy, distribution and ecology of the freshwater sponges (Porifera: Spongillidae) and bryozoans (Ectoprocta) of eastern Canada. Montreal: McGill University, Department of Entomology, 1992.

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Becerro, Mikel. Advances in Sponge Science: Phylogeny, Systematics, Ecology. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2012.

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Advances in Sponge Science: Phylogeny, Systematics, Ecology. Elsevier, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/c2010-0-69028-6.

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Becerro, Mikel. Advances in Sponge Science: Phylogeny, Systematics, Ecology. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2012.

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Biology and Ecology of Pharmaceutical Marine Sponges. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.

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Santhanam, Ramasamy, Santhanam Ramesh, and Anbu Jeba Sunilson. Biology and Ecology of Pharmaceutical Marine Sponges. Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.

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Santhanam, Ramasamy, Santhanam Ramesh, and Anbu Jeba Sunilson. Biology and Ecology of Pharmaceutical Marine Sponges. Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.

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Biology and Ecology of Pharmaceutical Marine Sponges. Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.

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Book chapters on the topic "Sponge ecology"

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Lang, B. "Baffling, Binding, or Debris Accumulation? Ecology of Upper Jurassic Sponge-Bacterial Buildups (Oxfordian, Franconian Alb, Southern Germany)." In Fossil and Recent Sponges, 516–21. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75656-6_43.

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Thakur, Narsinh L., and Anshika Singh. "Chemical Ecology of Marine Sponges." In Marine Sponges: Chemicobiological and Biomedical Applications, 37–52. New Delhi: Springer India, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2794-6_3.

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Mandic-Mulec, Ines, Polonca Stefanic, and Jan Dirk van Elsas. "Ecology of Bacillaceae." In The Bacterial Spore, 59–85. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555819323.ch3.

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Cattaneo-Vietti, R., G. Bavestrello, C. Cerrano, E. Gaino, L. Mazzella, M. Pansini, and M. Sarà. "The Role of Sponges in the Terra Nova Bay Ecosystem." In Ross Sea Ecology, 539–49. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59607-0_39.

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Santhanam, Ramasamy, Santhanam Ramesh, and Anbu Jeba Sunilson. "Marine Sponges: Biology and Pharmaceutical Aspects." In Biology and Ecology of Pharmaceutical Marine Sponges, 7–280. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2018.: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351132473-2.

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Saharan, Govind Singh, Prithwi Raj Verma, Prabhu Dayal Meena, and Arvind Kumar. "Spore Germination." In White Rust of Crucifers: Biology, Ecology and Management, 95–98. New Delhi: Springer India, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1792-3_5.

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Pereira, Preeti Antonetta. "Marine Sponges of Great Nicobar Biosphere Reserve." In Faunal Ecology and Conservation of the Great Nicobar Biosphere Reserve, 415–25. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5158-9_20.

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Hill, Malcolm S., and Oriol Sacristán-Soriano. "Molecular and Functional Ecology of Sponges and Their Microbial Symbionts." In Climate Change, Ocean Acidification and Sponges, 105–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59008-0_5.

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Santhanam, Ramasamy, Santhanam Ramesh, and Anbu Jeba Sunilson. "Introduction." In Biology and Ecology of Pharmaceutical Marine Sponges, 1–6. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2018.: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351132473-1.

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Trammer, J. "Ecologic History of the Oxfordian Sponge Assemblage in the Polish Jura Chain." In Fossil and Recent Sponges, 506–15. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75656-6_42.

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Conference papers on the topic "Sponge ecology"

1

Richards, P., and Christine E. R. Dodd. "The influence of pig carcass processing of the efficacy of sponge swab sampling." In First International Symposium on the Ecology of Salmonella in Pork Production. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/safepork-180809-35.

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Pan, Xiaoxi. "Frontier Analysis of Resilience Research in Design Ecology." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002327.

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The epidemic has once again made urban resilience a core argument for responding urban crises while ensuring urban safety. As an important research field of design ecology, resilience make contributes to build a healthier and sustainable city, which urgently need further research and development. This paper takes 11896 literature retrieved from the Web of Science TM core collection database and 629 literature retrieved from CNKI from 2006 to 2021 as the research object. Using CiteSpace scientific knowledge visualization software, combined with literature content analysis and interpretation, this paper sorts out the general situation of its development then identifies research hot spot and frontier. Results show that:(1)the previous studies mainly focus on resilient cities, sponge cities, stormwater management, resilient landscapes, sustainable design and blue-green infrastructure; (2) the frontier of resilience research in design ecology is: climate change, community resilience, disaster response, risk assessment, etc. In addition, compared with foreign scientific research orientation, domestic research mainly focuses on practical applications in planning and design, lacking systematic theoretical and technical research support. In conclusion, points out the shortage of resilience research and how to put forward the future research. Finally, it meets the needs of building resilient cities in the 14th Five-Year Plan, providing guidance and method reference for the follow-up researches of resilience.
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Richards, P., David Tinker, M. Howell, and Christine E. R. Dodd. "Salmonella contamination of pork carcasses : UK baseline culture-based data determined by sponge sampling during 2006." In First International Symposium on the Ecology of Salmonella in Pork Production. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/safepork-180809-42.

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Bovio, Elena, Marina Rosenthal Pereira Lima, Benoît Industri, Pham Giang Nam, Laurent Lapeyre, Renaud Canaguier, Laurent Boyer, Mohamed Mehiri, and Michel Ponchet. "From the Sea to the Field: The Case Study of the Mycobiota Associated to the Marine Sponge <em>Haliclona fulva</em> and its Interest as Biocontrol Agent Source for Agriculture <sup>†</sup>." In 1st International Electronic Conference on Biological Diversity, Ecology and Evolution. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bdee2021-09466.

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Itskovich, Valeria, O. Kaluzhnaya, R. Prathiviraj, G. Seghal Kiran, and J. Selvin. "Microbiome Analysis of Healthy and Bleached Freshwater Sponges." In 1st International Electronic Conference on Biological Diversity, Ecology and Evolution. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bdee2021-09511.

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Yakhnenko, Alena, and Valeria Itskovich. "Analysis of cross-species usability of microsatellite markers for Baikal endemic sponges." In 1st International Electronic Conference on Biological Diversity, Ecology and Evolution. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bdee2021-09435.

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Fernández, Alejandro, Nicolás Lemiña, and Laura Schejter. "Sponges (Porifera: Demospongiae) recorded at the South Shetland Islands and near the Antarctic Peninsula during the Argentinian Summer Antarctic Expedition in 2012." In 1st International Electronic Conference on Biological Diversity, Ecology and Evolution. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bdee2021-09470.

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