Journal articles: 'SPOD'

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MacDonald, Megan, Eben Thoma, Ingrid George, and Rachelle Duvall. "Demonstration of VOC Fenceline Sensors and Canister Grab Sampling near Chemical Facilities in Louisville, Kentucky." Sensors 22, no. 9 (May 3, 2022): 3480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22093480.

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Experimental fenceline sensor pods (SPods) fitted with 30 s duration canister grab sampling (CGS) systems were deployed at a site near chemical facilities in Louisville, KY, from 4 June 2018 to 5 January 2020. The objective of the study was to better understand lower cost 10.6 eV photoionization detector (PID)-based volatile organic compound (VOC) sensors and investigate their utility for near-source emissions detection applications. Prototype SPods containing PID sensor elements from two different manufacturers yielded between 78% and 86% valid data over the study, producing a dataset of over 120,000 collocated pair fenceline measurements averaged into 5-min datapoints. Ten-second time-resolved SPod data from an elevated fenceline sensor signal day are presented, illustrating source emission detections from the direction of a facility 500 m west of the monitoring site. An SPod-triggered CGS acquired in the emission plume on this day contained elevated concentrations of 1,3-butadiene and cyclohexane (36 parts per billion by volume (ppbv) and 637 ppbv, respectively), compounds known to be emitted by this facility. Elevated concentrations of these compounds were observed in a subset of the 61 manual and triggered CGS grab samples acquired during the study, with winds from the west. Using novel wind-resolved visualization and normalization approaches described herein, the collocated pair SPod datasets exhibited similarity in emission source signature. With winds from the west, approximately 50% of SPod readings were above our defined theoretical detection limit indicating persistent measurable VOC signal at this site. Overall, this 19-month study demonstrated reasonable prototype SPod operational performance indicating that improved commercial forms of lower cost PID sensors could be useful for select VOC fenceline monitoring applications.

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Hamm, J. J., and L. D. Chandler. "Effects of a Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus and a Fluorescent Brightener on Colonies of Spodoptera exigua (Hübner)." Journal of Entomological Science 31, no. 3 (July 1, 1996): 355–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-31.3.355.

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The beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner), is an important pest which is difficult to control because it is resistant to nearly all registered insecticides. A new commercial formulation of a nuclear polyhedrosis virus that is pathogenic to beet armyworm larvae, SPOD-X®, was tested with and without a fluorescent brightener, Tinopal LPW. The effects on larvae from six colonies of the beet armyworm which had recently been established from field collections in Georgia, Alabama and Mississippi were compared with a laboratory colony which had been maintained in the laboratory for 2 years. The LC50 was lower in all bioassays with SPOD-X in 0.25% Tinopal LPW than with SPOD-X in water, although in 3 of 12 bioassays the difference was not significant based on overlapping 95% confidence intervals. The mean LC50 for SPOD-X in water was 376 polyhedral occlusion bodies per cup (surface area 800 mm2). The mean LC50 for SPOD-X in 0.25% Tinopal LPW was 30 polyhedral occlusion bodies per cup. The LC50 for SPOD-X in water was not significantly different between the laboratory colony and 5 of 6 field-collected colonies when bioassayed concurrently. There was no significant difference in LC50 for SPOD-X in 0.25% Tinopal LPW between the laboratory colony and any of the field-collected colonies. Thus, Tinopal LPW enhanced the infectivity of SPOD-X for beet armyworm larvae in laboratory tests and reduced the variability of response of the beet armyworm colonies to the virus.

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Towne, Aaron, Oliver T. Schmidt, and Tim Colonius. "Spectral proper orthogonal decomposition and its relationship to dynamic mode decomposition and resolvent analysis." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 847 (May 29, 2018): 821–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2018.283.

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We consider the frequency domain form of proper orthogonal decomposition (POD), called spectral proper orthogonal decomposition (SPOD). Spectral POD is derived from a space–time POD problem for statistically stationary flows and leads to modes that each oscillate at a single frequency. This form of POD goes back to the original work of Lumley (Stochastic Tools in Turbulence, Academic Press, 1970), but has been overshadowed by a space-only form of POD since the 1990s. We clarify the relationship between these two forms of POD and show that SPOD modes represent structures that evolve coherently in space and time, while space-only POD modes in general do not. We also establish a relationship between SPOD and dynamic mode decomposition (DMD); we show that SPOD modes are in fact optimally averaged DMD modes obtained from an ensemble DMD problem for stationary flows. Accordingly, SPOD modes represent structures that are dynamic in the same sense as DMD modes but also optimally account for the statistical variability of turbulent flows. Finally, we establish a connection between SPOD and resolvent analysis. The key observation is that the resolvent-mode expansion coefficients must be regarded as statistical quantities to ensure convergent approximations of the flow statistics. When the expansion coefficients are uncorrelated, we show that SPOD and resolvent modes are identical. Our theoretical results and the overall utility of SPOD are demonstrated using two example problems: the complex Ginzburg–Landau equation and a turbulent jet.

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Smith, L. M., L. G. Robbins, A. Kennedy, and P. T. Magee. "Identification and characterization of mutations affecting sporulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Genetics 120, no. 4 (December 1, 1988): 899–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/120.4.899.

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Abstract Mutations affecting the synthesis of the sporulation amyloglucosidase were isolated in a homothallic strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, SCMS7-1. Two were found, both of which were deficient in sporulation at 34 degrees. One, SL484, sporulated to 50% normal levels at 30 degrees but less than 5% at 34 degrees or 22 degrees. The other, SL641, failed to sporulate at any temperature. Both mutants were blocked before premeiotic DNA synthesis, and both complemented spo1, spo3, and spo7. Genetic analysis of the mutation in SL484 indicated linkage to TRP5 and placed the gene 10 map units from TRP5 on chromosome VII. A plasmid containing an insert which complements the mutation in SL484 fails to complement SL641. We therefore conclude that these two mutations are in separate genes and we propose to call these genes SPO17 and SPO18. These two genes are (with SPO7, SPO8, and SPO9) among the earliest identified in the sporulation pathway and may interact directly with the positive and negative regulators RME and IME.

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Boehlke, Carolin, Sabrina Schuster, Lucas Kauthe, Oliver Zierau, and Christian Hannig. "Nutritional influences on enzyme activities in saliva of Asian and African elephants." Journal of Comparative Physiology B 191, no. 5 (July 7, 2021): 955–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00360-021-01378-6.

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AbstractAsian and African elephants show morphological adaptations to their ecological niche including the oral cavity. Variety and preferences of forage plants differ between both herbivorous elephant species. Diet can affect salivary enzymes. Asian elephants were shown to have a higher salivary amylase activity than African elephants. Species-specific differences were presumed to be influenced by feeding during collection procedure. This study aimed to determine the influence of feeding on enzyme activities in saliva of both elephant species to differentiate from species-specific effects. Additionally, season and housing conditions on salivary enzyme activities in non-fed elephants of both species were investigated. Salivary amylase (sAA), lysozyme (sLYS) and peroxidase (sPOD) activity were measured photometrically or fluorometrically. Results of this study reinforce previous observations of higher basic sAA activity in Asian elephants compared to African elephants. Salivary LYS and sPOD activity showed neither species-specific nor housing-specific differences. Independent from season, most elephants of both species revealed a lack of or low sPOD activity. Feeding caused a temporary decrease of sAA, sLYS and sPOD activity in both elephant species kept in four of eight tested zoos. Furthermore, sAA activity in Asian elephants was higher and sLYS activity lower in Spring than in Autumn. This study summarizes that sAA and sLYS are components of Asian and African elephant saliva in an active conformation in contrast to sPOD. Diet varying between season and zoos might influence sAA and sLYS activities primarily in Asian elephants but temporary low effects suggest sufficient buffer capacity of elephant saliva of both species.

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Sieber, Moritz, C. Oliver Paschereit, and Kilian Oberleithner. "Spectral proper orthogonal decomposition." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 792 (March 4, 2016): 798–828. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2016.103.

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The identification of coherent structures from experimental or numerical data is an essential task when conducting research in fluid dynamics. This typically involves the construction of an empirical mode base that appropriately captures the dominant flow structures. The most prominent candidates are the energy-ranked proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) and the frequency-ranked Fourier decomposition and dynamic mode decomposition (DMD). However, these methods are not suitable when the relevant coherent structures occur at low energies or at multiple frequencies, which is often the case. To overcome the deficit of these ‘rigid’ approaches, we propose a new method termed spectral proper orthogonal decomposition (SPOD). It is based on classical POD and it can be applied to spatially and temporally resolved data. The new method involves an additional temporal constraint that enables a clear separation of phenomena that occur at multiple frequencies and energies. SPOD allows for a continuous shifting from the energetically optimal POD to the spectrally pure Fourier decomposition by changing a single parameter. In this article, SPOD is motivated from phenomenological considerations of the POD autocorrelation matrix and justified from dynamical systems theory. The new method is further applied to three sets of PIV measurements of flows from very different engineering problems. We consider the flow of a swirl-stabilized combustor, the wake of an airfoil with a Gurney flap and the flow field of the sweeping jet behind a fluidic oscillator. For these examples, the commonly used methods fail to assign the relevant coherent structures to single modes. The SPOD, however, achieves a proper separation of spatially and temporally coherent structures, which are either hidden in stochastic turbulent fluctuations or spread over a wide frequency range. The SPOD requires only one additional parameter, which can be estimated from the basic time scales of the flow. In spite of all these benefits, the algorithmic complexity and computational cost of the SPOD are only marginally greater than those of the snapshot POD.

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Guan, Yuanhong, Jieshun Zhu, Bohua Huang, Zeng-Zhen Hu, and James L. Kinter III. "South Pacific Ocean Dipole: A Predictable Mode on Multiseasonal Time Scales." Journal of Climate 27, no. 4 (February 10, 2014): 1648–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-13-00293.1.

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Abstract Evaluating the climate hindcasts for 1982–2009 from the NCEP CFS Reanalysis and Reforecast (CFSRR) project using the Climate Forecast System, version 2 (CFSv2), this study identifies substantial areas of high prediction skill of the sea surface temperature (SST) in the South Pacific. The skill is the highest in the extratropical oceans on seasonal-to-interannual time scales, and it is only slightly lower than that for the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Two regions with the highest prediction skills in the South Pacific in both the CFSv2 and persistence hindcasts coincide with the active centers of opposite signs in the South Pacific Ocean dipole (SPOD) mode, a seesaw between the subtropical and extratropical SST in the South Pacific with a strong phase locking to austral summer. Interestingly, the CFSv2 prediction exhibits skillful predictions made three seasons ahead, more superior to the persistence forecast, suggesting significant dynamical predictability of the SPOD. An austral “spring predictability barrier” is noted in both the dynamical and persistence hindcasts. An analysis of the observational and model data suggests that the SPOD mode is significantly associated with ENSO, as an oceanic response to the atmospheric planetary wave trains forced by the anomalous atmospheric heating in the western Pacific. Although previous studies have demonstrated that the pattern of subtropical SST dipole is ubiquitous in the Southern Ocean, the SPOD has been least known and studied, compared with its counterparts in the south Indian and Atlantic Oceans. Since the SPOD is the most predictable oceanic mode in the whole Southern Hemisphere, its climate effects for local and remote regions should be further studied.

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Sivok, Roland. "Wyzwania technologiczne na wydziałach SPOD w Rymawskiej Sobocie i Łuczeńcu." Praca Socjalna 37, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 7–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.8163.

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Badanie koncentruje się na wyzwaniach technologicznych w wydziałach ochrony socjalnej i prawnej dzieci (SPOD – oddelenie sociálnoprávnej ochrany detí). Elektronizacja i informatyzacja w departamentach Ministerstwa Pracy, Spraw Socjalnych i Rodziny (ÚPSVaR – Úrad práce sociálnych vecí a rodiny) oraz w poszczególnych departamentach Urzędu Pracy stale rozwija się i ma na celu uproszczenie pracy oraz procedur dla klientów Urzędu Pracy np. poprzez ograniczenie biurokracji w celu zwiększenia wydajności pracy pracowników. Celem badań jest przedstawienie wyzwań technologicznych, problemów i innowacji wskazywanych przez pracowników socjalnych w wydziale SPOD, w kontekście wsparcia technologicznego.

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Sikora, Kazimierz. "Kraków spod ciemnej gwiazdy w symbolicznej przestrzeni miasta." Prace Filologiczne 74 (January 20, 2020): 427–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32798/pf.480.

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Autor zajął się (na przykładzie języka regionalnego Krakowa i jego przedmieść) obecnością tradycyjnego folkloru miejskiego we współczesnej przestrzeni symbolicznej miasta. Nowy, pozytywny wizerunek dawnych agarów, andrusów i kindrów (i innych ludzi z półświatka) jest – jego zdaniem – głównie wynikiem mitologizacji przeszłości, która cechuje współczesny dyskurs regionalności.

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Holeščák, Michal. "Hroty šípov spod vrchu Vtáčnik pri Banskej Štiavnici." Zborník Slovenského národného múzea – Archeológia 31 (2021): 241–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.55015/ltwe9738.

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Nogueira, Petrônio A. S., André V. G. Cavalieri, Peter Jordan, and Vincent Jaunet. "Large-scale streaky structures in turbulent jets." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 873 (June 24, 2019): 211–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2019.365.

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Streaks have been found to be an important part of wall-turbulence dynamics. In this paper, we extend the analysis for unbounded shear flows, in particular a Mach 0.4 round jet, using measurements taken using dual-plane, time-resolved, stereoscopic particle image velocimetry (PIV) taken at pairs of jet cross-sections, allowing the evaluation of the cross-spectral density of streamwise velocity fluctuations resolved into azimuthal Fourier modes. From the streamwise velocity results, two analyses are performed: the evaluation of wavenumber spectra (assuming Taylor’s hypothesis for the streamwise coordinate) and a spectral proper orthogonal decomposition (SPOD) of the velocity field using PIV planes in several axial stations. The methods complement each other, leading to the conclusion that large-scale streaky structures are also present in turbulent jets where they experience large growth in the streamwise direction, energetic structures extending up to eight diameters from the nozzle exit. Leading SPOD modes highlight the large-scale, streaky shape of the structures, whose aspect ratio (streamwise over azimuthal length) is approximately 15. The data were further analysed using SPOD, resolvent and transient growth analyses, good agreement being observed between the models and the leading SPOD mode for the wavenumbers considered. The models also indicate that the lift-up mechanism is active in turbulent jets, with streamwise vortices leading to streaks. The results show that large-scale streaks are a relevant part of the jet dynamics.

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Gambassi, Henrique, Paul Ziadé, and Chris Morton. "Sparse sensor-based flow estimation with spectral proper orthogonal decomposition." AIP Advances 12, no. 8 (August 1, 2022): 085208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0094874.

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The application of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) in developing sensor-based estimators for unsteady flows has become an active area of research over the last decade. One of the challenges in this area is the selection of a low-dimensional subspace that enables the ANN to reconstruct relevant spatiotemporal dynamics in the flow, as both sparsity and interpretability are simultaneously desired. The present study demonstrates the use of a flow-estimation framework based on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural networks and the time-domain Spectral Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (SPOD) [Sieber et al., “Spectral proper orthogonal decomposition,” J. Fluid Mech. 792, 798–828 (2016)], which was proposed as an extension to the traditional POD. The two-cylinder flow selected for analysis in this study is referred to as the “flip-flop” regime for exhibiting intermittent changes in the phase alignment of the vortices shed by the two cylinders. This flow has dynamics occurring over a wide range of frequencies, and it was selected to demonstrate the usefulness of SPOD in characterizing the wake dynamics of periodic wake flows and to determine if it can provide a better subspace for training and estimation when compared to POD. It was found that a particular SPOD basis obtained with an empirically determined filter length completely separated the frequency centered phenomena present in the spectrum of the most energetic POD modes into different modes. These new SPOD modes were observed to have a direct relationship with the vortex dynamics in the flow, providing direct access to the antiphase and in-phase flow states. The LSTM neural networks estimation capacities were very similar across all the modal spaces investigated, performing well regardless of whether the frequency content of the modal space used for training and estimation was found superimposed in the spectrum of the most energetic modes (POD) or separated into different modes (SPOD). Further investigation is required to determine if this result holds for turbulent flows.

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Liu, Ting, Jianping Li, Qiuyun Wang, and Sen Zhao. "Influence of the Autumn SST in the Southern Pacific Ocean on Winter Precipitation in the North American Monsoon Region." Atmosphere 11, no. 8 (August 10, 2020): 844. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11080844.

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Previous investigations have reported that the impacts of the preceding climate signal in the Southern Hemisphere can extend to Northern Hemisphere middle latitudes during the following season. This study suggests that the positive (negative) boreal autumn south Pacific Ocean dipole (SPOD) sea surface temperature anomalies are usually followed by reduced (increased) precipitation in the following winter over the North American monsoon (NAM) region. The positive autumn SPOD has the potential to regulate the southward fluctuation of the eddy-driven westerly jet in the southern Pacific Ocean, and exert the Rossby wave train stretching across the Pacific Ocean to transport the related energy into the NAM region. This finally results in anomalous high pressure in the troposphere over the NAM region. The related sinking motion and the water vapor conditions further affect the precipitation variability in these regions. This entire process can be referred to as a “coupled oceanic–atmospheric bridge”, in which the “oceanic bridge” is the SPOD and the “atmospheric bridge” is the response of atmospheric circulation in the Pacific Ocean.

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Kaleta, Paweł. "Przestępstwo dobrowolnego i bezprawnego porzucenia świętej posługi przez duchownego w Kodeksie Prawa Kanonicznego z 1983 roku." Roczniki Nauk Prawnych 32, no. 3 (December 30, 2022): 101–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18290/rnp22323.7.

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Ustawodawca w kan. 1392 penalizuje przestępstwo porzucenia świętej posługi. Jest to nowa regulacja prawna, która nie ma swojego odpowiednika ani w KKKW, ani w KPK/17. Podmiotem popełnienia przestępstwa jest duchowny. Biorąc pod uwagę trzystopniowy sakrament święceń odnosi się ono do diakona, prezbitera oraz biskupa. Przedmiotem zaś przestępstwa jest umyślne opuszczenie świętej posługi, której celem jest uwolnienie się spod właściwej władzy kościelnej. Autor zwraca uwagę na wszystkie cztery wymagania, aby można zastosować sankcję karną. Do wymagań tych należy: 1) dobrowolne porzucenie świętej posługi; 2) nielegalne porzucenie świętej posługi; 3) zamiar uwolnienia się spod kompetentnej władzy kościelnej oraz 4) sześciomiesięczny, nieprzerwany upływ czasu.

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Nilsson, Stefan, Hua-Dong Yao, Anders Karlsson, and Sebastian Arvidson. "Effects of Aeroelastic Walls on the Aeroacoustics in Transonic Cavity Flow." Aerospace 9, no. 11 (November 14, 2022): 716. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace9110716.

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The effects of elastic cavity walls on noise generation at transonic speed are investigated for the generic M219 cavity. The flow is simulated with the Spalart–Allmaras (SA) improved delayed detached-eddy simulation (IDDES) turbulence model in combination with a wall function. The structural analysis software uses a modal formulation. The first 50 structural normal mode shapes are included in the simulation, spanning frequencies of 468–2280 Hz. Results are compared with those from a reference simulation with rigid cavity walls. A spectral analysis of pressure fluctuations from a microphone array above the cavity evinces a distinct tone at 816 Hz, which is absent in the reference simulation. Furthermore, the power of the 4th Rossiter mode at 852 Hz is depleted, implying a significant energy transfer from the fluid to the structure. Spectral proper orthogonal decomposition (SPOD) is employed for analyses of cavity wall pressure fluctuations and wall displacements. The SPOD mode energy spectra show results consistent with the spectra of the microphone array with respect to the tone at 816 Hz and the depletion of the energy at the 4th Rossiter mode. Furthermore, the SPOD mode energy spectra show energy spikes at additional frequencies, which coincide with structural eigenfrequencies.

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Maćkowska, Natalia, Agnieszka Sobecka, Wojciech Golusiński, and Wiktoria M. Suchorska. "Rola układu immunologicznego w patogenezie oraz progresji płaskonabłonkowego raka głowy i szyi." Letters in Oncology Science 16, no. 2 (June 10, 2019): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21641/los.2019.17.2.152.

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Płaskonabłonkowy rak głowy i szyi (HNSCC, ang. Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma) to nowotwór wywodzący się z komórek płaskonabłonkowych błon śluzowych jamy ustnej, nosa lub gardła. Pomimo znacznych postępów konwencjonalnych metod leczenia, 5-letni wskaźnik przeżycia bez progresji u pacjentów z miejscowo zaawansowanym HNSCC HPV(-) nadal nie przekracza 50%. Niskie wskaźniki przeżycia w połączeniu z wysoką toksycznością stosowanych terapii, podkreślają konieczność wprowadzenia nowych strategii terapeutycznych. Obecne badania potwierdzają, że układ immunologiczny odgrywa kluczową rolę w patogenezie HNSCC. Lepsze zrozumienie mechanizmów molekularnych odpowiedzialnych za ucieczkę komórek nowotworowych spod kontroli układu immunologicznego oraz dokładne poznanie szlaków molekularnych odpowiedzialnych za rozwój płaskonabłonkowego raka głowy i szyi umożliwi opracowanie bardziej efektywnych terapii. Celem pracy jest przegląd wiedzy dotyczącej roli układu odpornościowego w ucieczce komórek nowotworowych HNSCC spod nadzoru immunologicznego.

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Żaglewska, Agata. "„Fail better”, czyli jak poprawić improwizację." Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Polonica 64, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 75–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1505-9057.64.03.

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W tym artykule wskazuję związki filomackiej poezji okolicznościowej z improwizacją poetycką. Na podstawie analizy autografów dwóch wybranych utworów – Jambu dla Jana II Tomasza Zana i Odezwy spod stołu Teodora Łozińskiego – uzasadniam tezę, że jamby przedstawiane podczas imieninowych fet to przykłady improwizacji w piśmie. Analizowane utwory intensyfikują dwie najbardziej charakterystyczne cechy jambografii – zawrotną szybkość tworzenia (Zan) i wynikające z niej niedopracowanie, bylejakość wypowiedzi poetyckiej (Łoziński). Zwracam uwagę na uzupełnianie się kodów lingwistycznych i materialnych, tj. wzmożenie podanych cech zawartych w warstwie słownej utworów poprzez sposób ich zapisu w autografach. W części drugiej artykułu zastanawiam się nad możliwościami wprowadzania modyfikacji do utworów o improwizowanym charakterze – wprowadzam kategorię „poprawiania przez powtórzenie” i opisuję ją, odwołując się zarówno do Jambu dla Jana II i Odezwy spod stołu, jak i do innych tekstów pozostałych po filomackich fetach.

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Mengaldo, Gianmarco, and Romit Maulik. "PySPOD: A Python package for Spectral Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (SPOD)." Journal of Open Source Software 6, no. 60 (April 16, 2021): 2862. http://dx.doi.org/10.21105/joss.02862.

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AMOSOVA, N. A. "FINANCIAL STABILITY IN FINANCIAL MARKETS BETWEEN SPOD AND VUCA WORLD." Scientific Works of the Free Economic Society of Russia 235, no. 3 (2022): 174–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.38197/2072-2060-2022-235-3-174-185.

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The purpose of the article is to clarify the understanding of the new business conditions, the so-called new normal, as part of the study of approaches to assessing financial stability in financial markets. Main results: the list of main factors that have a particularly significant impact on financial stability in financial markets has been clarified; some results of digital transformation of financial markets are characterized; the possibilities of integrating SPFS and CiPS were evaluated; clarified and supplemented the proposals of the regulator on the introduction of mechanisms for automated detection of sources of spread of illegal activities; on the basis of fragmentary factual material, assumptions were made about the nature of the relationship between the systems of centralized and decentralized finance; substantiates the proposal on the need to create a legal regulated cryptocurrency market in the Russian Federation in order to reduce the scale of the emerging shadow market and to accelerate the process of legal support for its functioning. The significance of the article is determined by the main conclusion about the need to change approaches to assessing financial stability by taking into account the high transitivity of modern economic systems of centralized and decentralized finance and new business conditions (conditionally denoted, among other things, by the acronyms SPOD, VUCA, BANI, etc.).

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Pastucha, Alina, and Barbara Kołodziej. "Zbiorowiska mikroorganizmów w glebie spod leśnej uprawy żeń-szenia amerykańskiego." Acta Agrobotanica 58, no. 2 (2012): 179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/aa.2005.044.

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The investigations were carried out in 2003-2004 on American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium L.) plantation localised in the mixed forest in Trzciniec (Lubelski province). The object of the study was the soil from ginseng culture protected by the biological and chemical method. In the experiment there was also control plot - without any protection during plants vegetation. There were also analysed the infected roots of ginseng plants. Microbiological analyses showed that soil from control plots was characterised by the smallest average total number of bacteria. In 1 g of dry weight of soil after Polyversum application there was stated the highest number of bacterial colonies from Bacillus and Pseudomonas genus. The highest number of fungal colonies was obtained in 1 g of dry weight of soil on the control plots. The highest number of saprophytic fungi (including those with antagonistic character) was obtained from the soil where the biological plant protection was applied. Generally, independently of a plant protection method, American ginseng plants were affected by Alternaria alternata, Cylindrocarpon spp., Fusarium spp., Pythium irregulare and Rhizoctonia solani.

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Chechłowska-Lipińska, Marta. "Wróg spod znaku dżihadu – obraz islamu w pracach oriany Fallaci." Dialogi Polityczne, no. 14 (January 1, 2011): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/dp.2011.009.

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Müller, J. S., F. Lückoff, T. L. Kaiser, and K. Oberleithner. "On the relevance of the runner crown for flow instabilities in a Francis turbine." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1079, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1079/1/012053.

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Abstract The precessing vortex core (PVC), also known as vortex rope, in a draft tube of a Francis-99 hydro turbine is investigated. The goal is to increase our comprehension of the root of the PVC in order to attenuate or suppress the PVC, thus extending the stable operational range below the best efficiency point at part load conditions. Unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier– Stokes simulations are conducted and used as a basis for all the analyses performed in this work. The discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and the spectral proper orthogonal decomposition (SPOD) as data-driven methods and the linear stability analysis (LSA) as a physics-based, operator-driven method are used to examine the PVC in detail. With the DFT and SPOD, two dominant modes are found inside the draft tube. Likewise, the LSA reveals two distinct linear instabilities of single-helical and double-helical shape, which agree with the findings of the SPOD in terms of spatial shape and temporal frequency. A particular focus is laid upon the region upstream of the draft tube. An adjoint-based sensitivity analysis reveals that both instability modes are highly sensitive to mean flow modifications inside the transitional segment between runner and draft tube, such as induced by passive control devices. The knowledge of these sensitivities will guide to an optimized runner and draft tube design for controlling the PVC and the double-helical mode.

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Hu, Jiawei, Yangang Wang, Hanru Liu, Weixiong Chen, and Yong Xu. "Comparative Study on Modal Decomposition Methods of Unsteady Separated Flow in Compressor Cascade." Xibei Gongye Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University 38, no. 1 (February 2020): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jnwpu/20203810121.

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The present work investigated the vortex structure and fluctuation frequency characteristics generated by boundary layer separation of a high-load compressor cascade using modal decomposition methods. The dominant modes and dynamic behaviors of unsteady flow in the cascade were obtained, and the differences of three modal decomposition methods (Proper Orthogonal Decomposition, Dynamic Mode Decomposition and Spectral Proper Orthogonal Decomposition) in feature recognition of cascade flow were discussed. The results show that:(1) The POD method can accurately extract the dominant spatial structure of the flow field, but the modal coefficients are multi-frequency coupled, which makes the dominant modal characteristics of cascade flow unclear. (2) The standard DMD method can obtain the spatial-temporal single frequency mode of cascade flow, as well as their growth rates and frequencies. However, this method is likely to capture the suboptimal mode of large amplitude with large attenuation rate, and fails to obtain the high-frequency coherent structure, which makes it impossible to obtain the dominant feature with limited mode number. (3) The SPOD method, based on spectral characteristics, can obtain spatial and temporal single frequency modes, and there is no modal screening problem. The use of spectral estimation method (SPOD) reduces the sensitivity to numerical noise. This method can obtain the low-rank behavior of cascade flow, which is helpful to understand cascade flow mechanisms. Therefore, SPOD method is more advantageous for the modal analysis of unsteady separated flow in high-load compressor cascade.

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Brzostowska-Tereszkiewicz, Tamara. "(Post)awangardowe style produkcji translatorskiej." Przekłady Literatur Słowiańskich 10, no. 1 (June 29, 2020): 7–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31261/pls.2020.10.01.15.

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Artykuł podejmuje problemy postmodernistycznego przekładu eksperymentalnego jako pastiszu historycznych awangardowych stylów twórczości. Post-awangardowe style produkcji translatorskiej, sytuując się na peryferiach sztuki przekładu, pozwalają wyeksponować podstawowe problemy teoretyczne głównych nurtów współczesnego przekładoznawstwa literacko-kulturowego spod znaku „zwrotu twórczego”.

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Walla, Peter J., Nour Hafi, Grunwald Matthias, Laura S. Jess, Timo Aspelmeier, Zagrebelski Martha, Dominik Pfennig, Martin Korte, and Axel Munk. "Fluorescence Nanoscopy by Polarization Modulation (SPoD) and Polarization Angle Narrowing (ExPAN)." Biophysical Journal 108, no. 2 (January 2015): 7a—8a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2014.11.063.

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Windemuth, Christian, Martin Lange, and Ronald Mailach. "Analysis of the Unsteady Flow Field in a Steam Turbine Control Valve using Spectral Proper Orthogonal Decomposition." International Journal of Turbomachinery, Propulsion and Power 6, no. 2 (May 21, 2021): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijtpp6020011.

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A significant share of the conversion of thermal into electrical energy is realized by steam turbines. Formerly designed for continuous operation, today’s requirements include extended part load operation that can be accompanied by highly unstable flow conditions and vibrations within the control valve of the turbine. The prediction of the flow at part load conditions requires large computational efforts with advanced turbulence modeling in order to compute the flow at a reasonable accuracy. Due to the unsteadiness of the flow, the evaluation of the numerical results itself is a major challenge. The turbulent structures require statistical approaches, of which the use of Spectral Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (SPOD) has proven itself as a powerful method. Within this paper, the application of the method on a critical operating point with a temporal excitation of pressure oscillations observed in the experiments with dry air is presented. Using SPOD, the dominating flow phenomena were isolated and flow structures visualized.

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Noack, Bernd R. "From snapshots to modal expansions – bridging low residuals and pure frequencies." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 802 (August 1, 2016): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2016.416.

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Data-driven low-order modelling has been enjoying rapid advances in fluid mechanics. Arguably, Sirovich (Q. Appl. Maths, vol. XLV, 1987, pp. 561–571) started these developments with snapshot proper orthogonal decomposition, a particularly simple method. The resulting reduced-order models provide valuable insights into flow physics, allow inexpensive explorations of dynamics and operating conditions, and enable model-based control design. A winning argument for proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) is the optimality property, i.e. the guarantee of the least residual for a given number of modes. The price is unpleasant frequency mixing in the modes which complicates their physical interpretation. In contrast, temporal Fourier modes and dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) provide pure frequency dynamics but lose the orthonormality and optimality property of POD. Sieber et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 792, 2016, pp. 798–828) bridge the least residual and pure frequency behaviour with an ingenious interpolation, called spectral proper orthogonal decomposition (SPOD). This article puts the achievement of the TU Berlin authors in perspective, illustrating the potential of SPOD and the challenges ahead.

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Koronkiewicz, Kaja. "Macierzyństwo spod znaku raka – choroba jako wydarzenie krytyczne w życiu przyszłej matki." Ogrody Nauk i Sztuk 3, no. 3 (February 15, 2020): 123–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15503/onis2013.123.140.

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Rak to jedna z najbardziej powszechnych chorób XXI wieku. Szacuje się, że w najbliższej przyszłości nawet co czwarty mieszkaniec Europy będzie nią dotknięty. Nie ma znaczenia wiek, płeć, status majątkowy czy wykształcenie. Coraz częściej choroba ta dotyczy kobiet będących w ciąży. Artykuł podejmuje trudny temat macierzyństwa osób ze zdiagnozowanym nowotworem piersi. Część teoretyczna wyjaśnia specyfi kę choroby i możliwości jej leczenia. Bohaterką przeprowadzonych przez autorkę badań jest kobieta, która jednocześnie otrzymała informację o ciąży i chorobie. Odbiorcy artykułu będą jej towarzyszyć od diagnozy, poprzez kolejne etapy leczenia. Staną się świadkami wyboru między życiem dziecka a ochroną zdrowia matki.

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Maraun, Michael D., Jeremy S. H. Jackson, Craig R. Luccock, Sharon E. Belfer, and Roland D. Chrisjohn. "CA and SPOD for the Analysis of Tests Comprised of Binary Items." Educational and Psychological Measurement 58, no. 6 (December 1998): 916–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013164498058006004.

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FUKUTOMI, Hiroyuki, Hisao YAMADA, Masaki NAGAI, Shan LIN, and Takashi OGATA. "B205 Development of Ultrasonic Phased Array SPOD with Synthetic Aperture Focusing Technique." Proceedings of the National Symposium on Power and Energy Systems 2009.14 (2009): 257–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmepes.2009.14.257.

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Chomicki, Grzegorz. "Rycerze spod Grunwaldu bohaterami lokalnej edukacji historycznej. Zyndram z Maszkowic – studium przypadku." Klio - Czasopismo Poświęcone Dziejom Polski i Powszechnym 16, no. 1 (March 31, 2011): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/klio.2011.010.

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Masłowski, Michał. "Porównywanie nieporównywalnego." Studia Norwidiana 38 (December 29, 2020): 265–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.18290/sn.2038-17.

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Omawiana książka wpisuje się w otwartą od ponad dwudziestu lat dyskusję o nowoczesności i komparatystyce u Norwida. Publikację stworzyli norwidolodzy polscy, z czego połowa artykułów wyszła spod pióra naukowców z Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego. W omawianym tomie nie ma przeważającej metody – dominuje tematyka nowoczesności i przełomu epok. Z komparatystyki sensu stricto pozostają pogranicza sztuk: muzyki i opery, sztuk plastycznych, refleksji konceptualnej i problematyka przekładowa.

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Maia, I. A., P. Jordan, A. V. G. Cavalieri, and V. Jaunet. "Two-point wavepacket modelling of jet noise." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 475, no. 2227 (July 2019): 20190199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2019.0199.

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This paper is focused on the study of a kinematic wavepacket model for jet noise based on two-point statistics. The model contains physical parameters that define its structure in terms of wavenumber, envelope shape and coherence decay. These parameters, which are necessary to estimate the sound pressure levels radiated by the source, were educed from a large-eddy simulation database of a Mach 0.4, fully turbulent jet. The sound pressure levels predicted by the model were compared with acoustic data and the results show that when the parameters are carefully educed from the data, the sound pressure levels generated are in good agreement with experimentally measured values for low Strouhal numbers and polar angles. Furthermore, here we show that a correct representation of both coherence decay and wavepacket envelope shape are key aspects to an accurate sound prediction. A Spectral Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (SPOD) of the model source was also performed motivated by the search for a low-rank model capable of capturing the acoustic efficiency of the full source. It is shown that only a few SPOD modes are necessary to recover acoustically important wavepacket traits.

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Wazawa, Tetsuichi, Yoshiyuki Arai, Yoshinobu Kawahara, Hiroki Takauchi, Takashi Washio, and Takeharu Nagai. "Highly biocompatible super-resolution fluorescence imaging using the fast photoswitching fluorescent protein Kohinoor and SPoD-ExPAN with L p-regularized image reconstruction." Microscopy 67, no. 2 (February 2, 2018): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmicro/dfy004.

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Abstract Far-field super-resolution fluorescence microscopy has enabled us to visualize live cells in great detail and with an unprecedented resolution. However, the techniques developed thus far have required high-power illumination (102–106 W/cm2), which leads to considerable phototoxicity to live cells and hampers time-lapse observation of the cells. In this study we show a highly biocompatible super-resolution microscopy technique that requires a very low-power illumination. The present technique combines a fast photoswitchable fluorescent protein, Kohinoor, with SPoD-ExPAN (super-resolution by polarization demodulation/excitation polarization angle narrowing). With this technique, we successfully observed Kohinoor-fusion proteins involving vimentin, paxillin, histone and clathrin expressed in HeLa cells at a spatial resolution of 70–80 nm with illumination power densities as low as ~1 W/cm2 for both excitation and photoswitching. Furthermore, although the previous SPoD-ExPAN technique used L1-regularized maximum-likelihood calculations to reconstruct super-resolved images, we devised an extension to the Lp-regularization to obtain super-resolved images that more accurately describe objects at the specimen plane. Thus, the present technique would significantly extend the applicability of super-resolution fluorescence microscopy for live-cell imaging.

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Tulisow, Jerzy. "Nowe karaimskie limeryki." Awazymyz. Pismo historyczno-społeczno-kulturalne Karaimów 33, no. 1-2 (74-5) (June 30, 2022): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33229/az.967.

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Jakiś czas temu na łamach „Awazymyza” (numer 3-4/68-69 z 2020 r.) zagościła gromadka niesfornych mini dzieł poezji niepoważnej pióra Hani Pileckiej. Bohaterami wierszyków o absurdalnej poincie był oczywiście pewien Karaim (wszelkie podobieństwo do rzeczywistych postaci oficjalnie przypadkowe). I okazał się całkiem wdzięcznym tematem, bo tym razem karaimskie limeryki sypnęły się spod pióra Jerzego Tulisowa – mongolisty, mandżurysty, tłumacza tureckiej poezji i karaimskich legend.

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Ji, Chunxiu, and Dan Xie. "Reduced Order Model based on SPOD for Aerothermoelastic Analysis of a Hypersonic Panel." International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences 24, no. 1 (2022): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.32604/icces.2022.08737.

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FUKUTOMI, Hiroyuki, Shan LIN, and Takashi OGATA. "OS6-7 Applicability of SPOD to Through-Wall Sizing from Crack Opening Side." Proceedings of the National Symposium on Power and Energy Systems 2007.12 (2007): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmepes.2007.12.19.

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Lonin, Serguei A. "Empleo de los datos de la NOAA-NODC-WOA en el modelo hidrodinámico del Caribe." Boletín Científico CIOH, no. 22 (December 1, 2004): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.26640/22159045.127.

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Los datos promedios mensuales del NODC (National Oceanographic Data Center) de la NOAA sobre los parámetros hidrológicos (temperatura y salinidad) y los flujos de impulso y balance superficial de calor, con una resolución de 1º y 0.5º respectivamente, se utilizan en calidad de condiciones iniciales y de contorno, respectivamente, en el Sistema de Predicción Oceánico de DIMAR (SPOD), basado en el uso del modelo oceánico POM (Princeton Ocean Model; Mellor, 1993). Los campos resultantes son los patrones mensuales de hidrología (T - S) y los campos de corrientes, hidrodinámicamente y mutuamente ajustados entre sí, con la batimetría (archivos de ETOPO-5) y las condiciones de la interacción entre el océano y la atmósfera. Los resultados del modelo se utilizan para: 1) el diagnóstico del comportamiento estacional de los campos hidrodinámicos, 2) el arranque “caliente” para las corridas del sistema SPOD en el modo operacional, 3) establecer un “background” de la salinidad (no detectable directamente con los sensores remotos) y 4) especificar las condiciones de contorno para los modelos operados en las áreas locales (zonas costeras). Se propone una estrategia de acumulación y uso de esta información y la forma de involucrar los datos nacionales de Colombia en el proceso; se hace una referencia a los estudios interdisciplinarios basados en el empleo de estos datos.

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Woźniak, Martyna. "Nowa IRA jako przykład skrajnego nacjonalizmu." Refleksje. Pismo naukowe studentów i doktorantów WNPiD UAM, no. 22 (December 15, 2020): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/r.2020.2.3.

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Celem artykułu jest przybliżenie motywów oraz sposobów, jakimi posługuje się organizacja terrorystyczna New IRA. Nowa Irlandzka Armia Republikańska to organizacja terrorystyczna, która powstała w 2012 roku. Jest kontynuacją Irlandzkiej Armii Republikańskiej i jej późniejszych odłamów. Grupa ta dąży do wyzwolenia Irlandii Północnej spod „okupacji brytyjskiej” oraz połączenia obu Irlandii w „organiczną całość”. Sprzeciwia się Brexitowi i postawieniu granicy pomiędzy Irlandią Północną a Republiką Irlandii. W związku z tym zarzeka się, że zwiększy swoją aktywność.

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Favorskaya, M., D. Novikov, and Y. Savitskaya. "HUMAN ACTION POSELETS ESTIMATION VIA COLOR G-SURF IN STILL IMAGES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5/W6 (May 18, 2015): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-w6-51-2015.

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Human activity is a persistent subject of interest in the last decade. On the one hand, video sequences provide a huge volume of motion information in order to recognize the human active actions. On the other hand, the spatial information about static human poses is valuable for human action recognition. Poselets were introduced as latent variables representing a configuration for mutual locations of body parts and allowing different views of description. In current research, some modifications of Speeded-Up Robust Features (SURF) invariant to affine geometrical transforms and illumination changes were tested. First, a grid of rectangles is imposed on object of interest in a still image. Second, sparse descriptor based on Gauge-SURF (G-SURF) invariant to color/lighting changes is constructed for each rectangle separately. A common Spatial POselet Descriptor (SPOD) aggregates the SPODs of rectangles with following random forest classification in order to receive fast classification results. The proposed approach was tested on samples from PASCAL Visual Object Classes (VOC) Dataset and Challenge 2010 providing accuracy 61-68% for all possible 3D poses locations and 82-86% for front poses locations regarding to nine action categories.

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Haładyj, Anna. "Etykietowanie odpadów niebezpiecznych. Wyłączenia podmiotowe i przedmiotowe." Prawne Problemy Górnictwa i Ochrony Środowiska, no. 1 (March 30, 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31261/ppgos.2022.01.05.

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Od 1 stycznia 2021 r. obowiązuje rozporządzenie Ministra Klimatu z dnia 11 września 2020 r. w sprawie szczegółowych wymagań dla magazynowania odpadów, określające szczegółowe wymagania, które muszą spełnić miejsca magazynowania odpadów. Cel niniejszego opracowania stanowi analiza przepisów o etykietowaniu odpadów niebezpiecznych pod kątem zakresu podmiotowego i przedmiotowego adresatów zobowiązanych do umieszczania etykiet oraz zwolnionych z tego obowiązku. Pozwala ona stwierdzić, że w wyniku wyłączenia znacznej grupy podmiotów spod obowiązku stosowania etykiet cele omawianego rozporządzenia nie mogą zostać osiągnięte.

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Zielińska, Agnieszka. "Kazimierz Wajda – wybitny badacz dziejów społeczno-gospodarczych Torunia i Pomorza." Rocznik Toruński 48, no. 48 (May 31, 2022): 29–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/rt.2021.002.

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Artykuł prezentuje sylwetkę i drogę kariery naukowej profesora Kazimierza Wajdy, który przez dużą część swojego życia zawodowego związany był z Uniwersytetem Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu. Był wybitnym badaczem dziejów społecznych i gospodarczych oraz zagadnień demograficznych Torunia, ale i Pomorza. Interesowały go także zagadnienia narodowościowe, wyznaniowe i polityczne. Spod jego pióra wyszły obszerne i szczegółowe, oparte na solidnej kwerendzie źródłowej rozdziały monografii miast pomorskich i kujawskich, dotyczące historii XIX i początku XX w. Był cenionym dydaktykiem i organizatorem życia uniwersyteckiego. Wypromował sześciudoktorów i około dwustu magistrów.

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Lonin, Serguei, and Carlos Parra Llanos. "Predicción del comportamiento de las manchas de hidrocarburo derramado en el mar." Boletín Científico CIOH, no. 23 (December 23, 2005): 6–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26640/22159045.134.

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Se describe el “estado del arte” de la modelación de desplazamiento y evolución de manchas de hidrocarburos, implementado en el CIOH como un sistema operativo para facilitar el proceso de mitigación de la contaminación en el caso de derrames para las áreas de la industria petrolera y en el Mar Caribe en general. Se presenta el software amigable para el uso operativo del modelo de la Bahía de Cartagena y del sistema SPOD para el mar Caribe. Se discuten los problemas de utilización de esta tecnología.

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Meiksins Wood, Ellen. "Od możliwości do imperatywu: historia rynku." Praktyka Teoretyczna 26, no. 4 (October 8, 2018): 320–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/prt.2017.4.12.

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Autorka pokazuje w swoim artykule, że historia kapitalistycznego rynku nierozerwalnie wiąże się z bezprecedensowym w historii użyciem siły i przemocy. Takie konsekwentne spojrzenie na rynek pozwala inaczej interpretować przejście z porządku feudalnego do kapitalistycznego. Autorka wskazuje, że nie było ono „wyzwoleniem” spod feudalnych okowów, ale przeciwnie – wiązało się z podporządkowaniem rynkowym imperatywom produkcji kapitalistycznej, które wynikało nie tyle z technologicznego postępu czy nieomal ponadhistorycznych praw, ale z przekształceń społecznych stosunków własności między chłopami a panami w Anglii. Proponowane w artykule ujęcie kapitalistycznego rynku stawia też w innym świetle przeciwstawione mu alternatywy polityczne.

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Szczepańska, Anna. "Od Ongulumbashe do Cassingi – obozy wojskowe i cywilne Ludowej Wyzwoleńczej Armii Namibii." Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica, no. 102 (December 30, 2018): 185–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/0208-6050.102.13.

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Republika Namibii ogłosiła niepodległość w 1990 r., po ponad 25 latach wojny o wyzwolenie spod południowoafrykańskiej dominacji. Tożsamość młodego narodu wykuwała się jednak znacznie wcześniej, a jeden z najważniejszych elementów budowania wspólnoty, która zawierała się w haśle SWAPO „jedna Namibia, jeden człowiek, jeden naród”, stanowiły obozy dla cywilnych uchodźców i oddziałów partyzanckich Ludowej Wyzwoleńczej Armii Namibii (PLAN), znajdujące się w Angoli, Zambii i Tanzanii. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest wskazanie kluczowych momentów w historii namibijskich obozów w Angoli, wybranych elementów ich funkcjonowania oraz roli, jaką odegrały w dziejach młodego państwa i jego mieszkańców.

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Sadzikowska, Lucyna. "Zebra, Opowieści spod oliwnego drzewa i Bahar znaczy wiosna jako nowe propozycje lekturowe o wielokulturowości." Postscriptum Polonistyczne 2, no. 22 (2018): 225–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31261/ps_p.2018.22.14.

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Yauwenas, Yendrew, Ric Porteous, Danielle J. Moreau, and Con J. Doolan. "The effect of aspect ratio on the wake structure of finite wall-mounted square cylinders." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 875 (July 26, 2019): 929–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2019.522.

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This paper presents a combined experimental and large-eddy simulation study to characterise the effect of aspect ratio on the near-wake structure of a square finite wall-mounted cylinder (FWMC). The cylinder aspect ratios (span $L$ to width $W$) investigated in the experiments were $1.4\leqslant L/W\leqslant 21.4$ and the oncoming boundary-layer thicknesses were $1.3W$ and $0.9W$ at a Reynolds number based on cylinder width of $1.4\times 10^{4}$ and $1.1\times 10^{4}$, respectively. In complementary simulations, the cylinder aspect ratios investigated were 1.4, 4.3, 10 and 18.6. The cylinder wake structure was visualised in three-dimensional space using a vortex core detection method and decomposed to its oscillation modes using the spectral proper orthogonal decomposition (SPOD) technique. A parametric diagram is proposed to predict whether the time-averaged wake structure is a dipole or a quadrupole pattern, based on oncoming boundary-layer height and aspect ratio. Cellular shedding occurs when the aspect ratio is high with up to three shedding cells occurring across the span for aspect ratios $L/W>18$. Each of these cells sheds at a distinct frequency, as evidenced by the spectral content of the surface pressure measured on the side face and the near-wake velocity. Amplitude modulation is also observed in the vortex shedding, which explains the amplitude modulation of the acoustic pressure emitted by square FWMCs. SPOD is shown to be a viable method to identify the occurrence of cellular shedding in the wake.

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Piątkowski, Sebastian. "Polityka niemieckich władz okupacyjnych wobec ludności żydowskiej Generalnego Gubernatorstwa w publicystyce „Gońca Krakowskiego”." Studia Żydowskie. Almanach 3, no. 3 (December 31, 2013): 59–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.56583/sz.557.

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„Goniec Krakowski”, gazeta wydawana w Generalnym Gubernatorstwie przez niemieckie władze okupacyjne dla ludności polskiej (1939-1945), miała charakter zdecydowanie antyżydowski. Język wielu artykułów był prymitywny i brutalny, a także pełen kłamstw, przeinaczeń i obelg. Ta antyżydowska propaganda opierała się na starej teologii spiskowej, znanej z niesławnych Protokołów Starszych Syjonu: Żydzi dążą do opanowania światowej gospodarki, polityki i kultury. Kolejne etapy niemieckiej polityki wobec Żydów uzasadniano potrzebą „wyzwolenia” Polaków spod żydowskiej dominacji. Można było znaleźć artykuły dotyczące pracy przymusowej, ograniczenia działalności gospodarczej, represji wobec Żydów; wiele uwagi poświęcano też antyżydowskiej agitacji wśród Polaków. Z drugiej strony, masowa eksterminacja Żydów została całkowicie pominięta w gazecie.

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Szymonek, Paulina. "Persecuting Predators: Wolves in Montana through the Eyes of Evelyn Cameron." Zoophilologica, no. 6 (December 29, 2020): 253–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31261/zoophilologica.2020.06.17.

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Montana w 1907 roku była miejscem, gdzie hodowcy bydła toczyli wojnę przeciw wilkom, a myśliwi opowiadali historie o wilkach wyjętych spod prawa. W tym samym roku pewna mieszkanka pogranicza zdecydowała wychować i oswoić dwa wilcze szczenięta. W czasach, gdy dominowały uprzedzenia wobec drapieżników, Evelyn Cameron próbowała odnaleźć się w świecie zarówno mężczyzn, jak i wilków. Relacje z tych starań zachowały się w pamiętnikach, listach oraz na fotografiach pozostawionych przez Cameron. Artykuł jest próbą prześledzenia historii prześladowań wilka w Montanie w latach 1880–1930, widzianej oczami Evelyn Cameron, oraz ukazania zmiany w postrzeganiu tego gatunku poprzez historię dwóch wilczych szczeniąt imieniem Tussa i Weecharpee.

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Barnaś-Baran, Ewa. "Nauczyciele sierot w Krakowskim Towarzystwie Dobroczynności w latach 1817–1912." Lubelski Rocznik Pedagogiczny 35, no. 4 (June 22, 2017): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/lrp.2016.35.4.31.

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Celem artykułu było ukazanie pracy nauczycieli w szkole codziennej i szkole rzemiosł Towarzystwa Dobroczynności w Krakowie w latach 1817–1912. Uczący w nich nauczyciele stwarzali sierotom przebywającym w zakładzie Towarzystwa możliwość zdobycia elementarnej wiedzy oraz podstawowych umiejętności, które mogły ułatwić im znalezienie zatrudnienia po wyjściu spod opieki Towarzystwa. Funkcję wspierającą, jak również kontrolującą pracę nauczyciela pełniła powołana w 1874 r. Komisja Szkolna. W 1912 r. szkoła została zlikwidowana, sieroty przeniesiono do szkół miejskich w Krakowie. Zadaniem nauczyciela była pomoc w nauce dzieciom oraz sprawowanie wspólnie z Siostrami Miłosierdzia opieki nad sierotami w zakładzie Towarzystwa.

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Journal articles on the topic 'SPOD'

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