Relevant bibliographies by topics / SPOD

Academic literature on the topic 'SPOD'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "SPOD"

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MacDonald, Megan, Eben Thoma, Ingrid George, and Rachelle Duvall. "Demonstration of VOC Fenceline Sensors and Canister Grab Sampling near Chemical Facilities in Louisville, Kentucky." Sensors 22, no. 9 (May 3, 2022): 3480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22093480.

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Experimental fenceline sensor pods (SPods) fitted with 30 s duration canister grab sampling (CGS) systems were deployed at a site near chemical facilities in Louisville, KY, from 4 June 2018 to 5 January 2020. The objective of the study was to better understand lower cost 10.6 eV photoionization detector (PID)-based volatile organic compound (VOC) sensors and investigate their utility for near-source emissions detection applications. Prototype SPods containing PID sensor elements from two different manufacturers yielded between 78% and 86% valid data over the study, producing a dataset of over 120,000 collocated pair fenceline measurements averaged into 5-min datapoints. Ten-second time-resolved SPod data from an elevated fenceline sensor signal day are presented, illustrating source emission detections from the direction of a facility 500 m west of the monitoring site. An SPod-triggered CGS acquired in the emission plume on this day contained elevated concentrations of 1,3-butadiene and cyclohexane (36 parts per billion by volume (ppbv) and 637 ppbv, respectively), compounds known to be emitted by this facility. Elevated concentrations of these compounds were observed in a subset of the 61 manual and triggered CGS grab samples acquired during the study, with winds from the west. Using novel wind-resolved visualization and normalization approaches described herein, the collocated pair SPod datasets exhibited similarity in emission source signature. With winds from the west, approximately 50% of SPod readings were above our defined theoretical detection limit indicating persistent measurable VOC signal at this site. Overall, this 19-month study demonstrated reasonable prototype SPod operational performance indicating that improved commercial forms of lower cost PID sensors could be useful for select VOC fenceline monitoring applications.
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Hamm, J. J., and L. D. Chandler. "Effects of a Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus and a Fluorescent Brightener on Colonies of Spodoptera exigua (Hübner)." Journal of Entomological Science 31, no. 3 (July 1, 1996): 355–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-31.3.355.

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The beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner), is an important pest which is difficult to control because it is resistant to nearly all registered insecticides. A new commercial formulation of a nuclear polyhedrosis virus that is pathogenic to beet armyworm larvae, SPOD-X®, was tested with and without a fluorescent brightener, Tinopal LPW. The effects on larvae from six colonies of the beet armyworm which had recently been established from field collections in Georgia, Alabama and Mississippi were compared with a laboratory colony which had been maintained in the laboratory for 2 years. The LC50 was lower in all bioassays with SPOD-X in 0.25% Tinopal LPW than with SPOD-X in water, although in 3 of 12 bioassays the difference was not significant based on overlapping 95% confidence intervals. The mean LC50 for SPOD-X in water was 376 polyhedral occlusion bodies per cup (surface area 800 mm2). The mean LC50 for SPOD-X in 0.25% Tinopal LPW was 30 polyhedral occlusion bodies per cup. The LC50 for SPOD-X in water was not significantly different between the laboratory colony and 5 of 6 field-collected colonies when bioassayed concurrently. There was no significant difference in LC50 for SPOD-X in 0.25% Tinopal LPW between the laboratory colony and any of the field-collected colonies. Thus, Tinopal LPW enhanced the infectivity of SPOD-X for beet armyworm larvae in laboratory tests and reduced the variability of response of the beet armyworm colonies to the virus.
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Towne, Aaron, Oliver T. Schmidt, and Tim Colonius. "Spectral proper orthogonal decomposition and its relationship to dynamic mode decomposition and resolvent analysis." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 847 (May 29, 2018): 821–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2018.283.

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We consider the frequency domain form of proper orthogonal decomposition (POD), called spectral proper orthogonal decomposition (SPOD). Spectral POD is derived from a space–time POD problem for statistically stationary flows and leads to modes that each oscillate at a single frequency. This form of POD goes back to the original work of Lumley (Stochastic Tools in Turbulence, Academic Press, 1970), but has been overshadowed by a space-only form of POD since the 1990s. We clarify the relationship between these two forms of POD and show that SPOD modes represent structures that evolve coherently in space and time, while space-only POD modes in general do not. We also establish a relationship between SPOD and dynamic mode decomposition (DMD); we show that SPOD modes are in fact optimally averaged DMD modes obtained from an ensemble DMD problem for stationary flows. Accordingly, SPOD modes represent structures that are dynamic in the same sense as DMD modes but also optimally account for the statistical variability of turbulent flows. Finally, we establish a connection between SPOD and resolvent analysis. The key observation is that the resolvent-mode expansion coefficients must be regarded as statistical quantities to ensure convergent approximations of the flow statistics. When the expansion coefficients are uncorrelated, we show that SPOD and resolvent modes are identical. Our theoretical results and the overall utility of SPOD are demonstrated using two example problems: the complex Ginzburg–Landau equation and a turbulent jet.
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Smith, L. M., L. G. Robbins, A. Kennedy, and P. T. Magee. "Identification and characterization of mutations affecting sporulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Genetics 120, no. 4 (December 1, 1988): 899–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/120.4.899.

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Abstract Mutations affecting the synthesis of the sporulation amyloglucosidase were isolated in a homothallic strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, SCMS7-1. Two were found, both of which were deficient in sporulation at 34 degrees. One, SL484, sporulated to 50% normal levels at 30 degrees but less than 5% at 34 degrees or 22 degrees. The other, SL641, failed to sporulate at any temperature. Both mutants were blocked before premeiotic DNA synthesis, and both complemented spo1, spo3, and spo7. Genetic analysis of the mutation in SL484 indicated linkage to TRP5 and placed the gene 10 map units from TRP5 on chromosome VII. A plasmid containing an insert which complements the mutation in SL484 fails to complement SL641. We therefore conclude that these two mutations are in separate genes and we propose to call these genes SPO17 and SPO18. These two genes are (with SPO7, SPO8, and SPO9) among the earliest identified in the sporulation pathway and may interact directly with the positive and negative regulators RME and IME.
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Boehlke, Carolin, Sabrina Schuster, Lucas Kauthe, Oliver Zierau, and Christian Hannig. "Nutritional influences on enzyme activities in saliva of Asian and African elephants." Journal of Comparative Physiology B 191, no. 5 (July 7, 2021): 955–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00360-021-01378-6.

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AbstractAsian and African elephants show morphological adaptations to their ecological niche including the oral cavity. Variety and preferences of forage plants differ between both herbivorous elephant species. Diet can affect salivary enzymes. Asian elephants were shown to have a higher salivary amylase activity than African elephants. Species-specific differences were presumed to be influenced by feeding during collection procedure. This study aimed to determine the influence of feeding on enzyme activities in saliva of both elephant species to differentiate from species-specific effects. Additionally, season and housing conditions on salivary enzyme activities in non-fed elephants of both species were investigated. Salivary amylase (sAA), lysozyme (sLYS) and peroxidase (sPOD) activity were measured photometrically or fluorometrically. Results of this study reinforce previous observations of higher basic sAA activity in Asian elephants compared to African elephants. Salivary LYS and sPOD activity showed neither species-specific nor housing-specific differences. Independent from season, most elephants of both species revealed a lack of or low sPOD activity. Feeding caused a temporary decrease of sAA, sLYS and sPOD activity in both elephant species kept in four of eight tested zoos. Furthermore, sAA activity in Asian elephants was higher and sLYS activity lower in Spring than in Autumn. This study summarizes that sAA and sLYS are components of Asian and African elephant saliva in an active conformation in contrast to sPOD. Diet varying between season and zoos might influence sAA and sLYS activities primarily in Asian elephants but temporary low effects suggest sufficient buffer capacity of elephant saliva of both species.
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Sieber, Moritz, C. Oliver Paschereit, and Kilian Oberleithner. "Spectral proper orthogonal decomposition." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 792 (March 4, 2016): 798–828. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2016.103.

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The identification of coherent structures from experimental or numerical data is an essential task when conducting research in fluid dynamics. This typically involves the construction of an empirical mode base that appropriately captures the dominant flow structures. The most prominent candidates are the energy-ranked proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) and the frequency-ranked Fourier decomposition and dynamic mode decomposition (DMD). However, these methods are not suitable when the relevant coherent structures occur at low energies or at multiple frequencies, which is often the case. To overcome the deficit of these ‘rigid’ approaches, we propose a new method termed spectral proper orthogonal decomposition (SPOD). It is based on classical POD and it can be applied to spatially and temporally resolved data. The new method involves an additional temporal constraint that enables a clear separation of phenomena that occur at multiple frequencies and energies. SPOD allows for a continuous shifting from the energetically optimal POD to the spectrally pure Fourier decomposition by changing a single parameter. In this article, SPOD is motivated from phenomenological considerations of the POD autocorrelation matrix and justified from dynamical systems theory. The new method is further applied to three sets of PIV measurements of flows from very different engineering problems. We consider the flow of a swirl-stabilized combustor, the wake of an airfoil with a Gurney flap and the flow field of the sweeping jet behind a fluidic oscillator. For these examples, the commonly used methods fail to assign the relevant coherent structures to single modes. The SPOD, however, achieves a proper separation of spatially and temporally coherent structures, which are either hidden in stochastic turbulent fluctuations or spread over a wide frequency range. The SPOD requires only one additional parameter, which can be estimated from the basic time scales of the flow. In spite of all these benefits, the algorithmic complexity and computational cost of the SPOD are only marginally greater than those of the snapshot POD.
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Guan, Yuanhong, Jieshun Zhu, Bohua Huang, Zeng-Zhen Hu, and James L. Kinter III. "South Pacific Ocean Dipole: A Predictable Mode on Multiseasonal Time Scales." Journal of Climate 27, no. 4 (February 10, 2014): 1648–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-13-00293.1.

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Abstract Evaluating the climate hindcasts for 1982–2009 from the NCEP CFS Reanalysis and Reforecast (CFSRR) project using the Climate Forecast System, version 2 (CFSv2), this study identifies substantial areas of high prediction skill of the sea surface temperature (SST) in the South Pacific. The skill is the highest in the extratropical oceans on seasonal-to-interannual time scales, and it is only slightly lower than that for the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Two regions with the highest prediction skills in the South Pacific in both the CFSv2 and persistence hindcasts coincide with the active centers of opposite signs in the South Pacific Ocean dipole (SPOD) mode, a seesaw between the subtropical and extratropical SST in the South Pacific with a strong phase locking to austral summer. Interestingly, the CFSv2 prediction exhibits skillful predictions made three seasons ahead, more superior to the persistence forecast, suggesting significant dynamical predictability of the SPOD. An austral “spring predictability barrier” is noted in both the dynamical and persistence hindcasts. An analysis of the observational and model data suggests that the SPOD mode is significantly associated with ENSO, as an oceanic response to the atmospheric planetary wave trains forced by the anomalous atmospheric heating in the western Pacific. Although previous studies have demonstrated that the pattern of subtropical SST dipole is ubiquitous in the Southern Ocean, the SPOD has been least known and studied, compared with its counterparts in the south Indian and Atlantic Oceans. Since the SPOD is the most predictable oceanic mode in the whole Southern Hemisphere, its climate effects for local and remote regions should be further studied.
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Sivok, Roland. "Wyzwania technologiczne na wydziałach SPOD w Rymawskiej Sobocie i Łuczeńcu." Praca Socjalna 37, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 7–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.8163.

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Badanie koncentruje się na wyzwaniach technologicznych w wydziałach ochrony socjalnej i prawnej dzieci (SPOD – oddelenie sociálnoprávnej ochrany detí). Elektronizacja i informatyzacja w departamentach Ministerstwa Pracy, Spraw Socjalnych i Rodziny (ÚPSVaR – Úrad práce sociálnych vecí a rodiny) oraz w poszczególnych departamentach Urzędu Pracy stale rozwija się i ma na celu uproszczenie pracy oraz procedur dla klientów Urzędu Pracy np. poprzez ograniczenie biurokracji w celu zwiększenia wydajności pracy pracowników. Celem badań jest przedstawienie wyzwań technologicznych, problemów i innowacji wskazywanych przez pracowników socjalnych w wydziale SPOD, w kontekście wsparcia technologicznego.
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Sikora, Kazimierz. "Kraków spod ciemnej gwiazdy w symbolicznej przestrzeni miasta." Prace Filologiczne 74 (January 20, 2020): 427–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32798/pf.480.

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Autor zajął się (na przykładzie języka regionalnego Krakowa i jego przedmieść) obecnością tradycyjnego folkloru miejskiego we współczesnej przestrzeni symbolicznej miasta. Nowy, pozytywny wizerunek dawnych agarów, andrusów i kindrów (i innych ludzi z półświatka) jest – jego zdaniem – głównie wynikiem mitologizacji przeszłości, która cechuje współczesny dyskurs regionalności.
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Holeščák, Michal. "Hroty šípov spod vrchu Vtáčnik pri Banskej Štiavnici." Zborník Slovenského národného múzea – Archeológia 31 (2021): 241–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.55015/ltwe9738.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "SPOD"

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Spod, Hendrik [Verfasser]. "Selektive Benzolhydrierung zu Cyclohexen und dessen anschließende Hydratisierung zu Cyclohexanol / Hendrik Spod." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1128310015/34.

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Maier, Florentine, Gian Paolo Barbetta, and Franka Godina. "Paradoxes of Social Impact Bonds." Wiley, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/spol.12343.

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Social Impact Bonds (SIBs) have alternatively been portrayed as a promising tool to improve the functioning of welfare systems, or as an instrument of neoliberalism that threatens to undermine them. Recently, a more nuanced understanding of the promises as well as pitfalls of SIBs has developed, as both practical experiences and published empirical evidence about implemented SIBs have increased in number. We aim to contribute to the development of such an understanding by means of a combination of qualitative and quantitative text analysis. In doing so, we analyse a comprehensive sample of 51 practitioner reports on SIBs. We identify two key paradoxes of SIBs. These paradoxes centre on statements that cannot both hold true for the very same SIB: (1) flexible but evidence-based services and (2) cost-saving risk transfer to private investors. We conclude by discussing how those paradoxes have been resolved in existing SIBs so far, which strategies of de-paradoxification may turn out paramount in future, and how positive aspects of SIBs can be preserved while defusing their more problematic ones.
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Steiner, Jaromír. "Pevnost bodového spoje v měkkém a tvrdém režimu svařování." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231124.

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Spot welding of 1.4307 material of 1+1 mm thickness is tuned out excellently by the enterprise ROSTEX – at the changes only of the welding current it was managed to approach the value of thickness achieved by enterprise ROSTEX. At the welding of 1.4307 material of 2+2 mm thickness it was managed to achieve more strength under welding parameters: Fs = 5500N, Is = 8,964 kA, ts = 10 Per. Spot welding of 1.0330 material revealed a possibility in proceeding with welding current increasing which could stand for the weld strength increasing (not necessarily) – a limit where material could splash was not achieved. The soft mode welding is not convenient for up-to date spot welding because the material is extremely affected by heat at the long welding time, it also leads to huge thermal losses, thermal effect and distortion of electrodes (electrodes life diminishing). Soft mode welding is not expedient even economically. In accordance with economic comparison, see chart 27, page 64 – for instance welding of 1.4307 material with 1+1 mm thickness at 1000 welds there is difference of 644 Czech crowns between the hard and the soft mode welding in benefit to the hard mode.
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Jo, Young Ki. "Management of dollar spot and gray leaf spot on turfgrass." Connect to resource, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1118925122.

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Paavola, M. (Mikko). "Murtosokasta SPoF-ilmiöön." Bachelor's thesis, University of Oulu, 2018. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201802201246.

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Yllättävät koneen tai muun teknisen järjestelmän vikauttavat ongelmat ovat tapauskohtaisia, mutta niiden ratkaisua on mahdollista ideoida tekniikan eri alojen käytännöistä. Tässä työssä tarkastellaan analogian käyttöä ja mahdollisuuksia tutkimusmenetelmänä kahden tekniikan eri alan ongelman ratkaisuissa. Esimerkkinä opinnäytetyössä käytetään perämoottorin murtosokkaa, joka estää ulko- puolisen häiriön leviämisen moottoriin. Tiedonsiirto-ongelmissa yllättäviä, joskus jopa koko järjestelmän lamauttavia, yhdessä kohdassa esiintyviä virheitä kutsutaan SPOF-ongelmaksi. Opinnäytetyössä otetaan kirjallisuudesta esimerkkejä sekä perämoottorin murtosokan että SPOF-ilmiön ominaisuuksista. Lähtökohtana on, että murtosokka on ratkaisu ongelmaan, SPOF-ilmiö puolestaan on ongelma, jonka ratkaisemisessa voitaisiin käyttää murtosokan toiminnallisia ominaisuuksia eli niin sanottuja ”ohjelmallisia murtosokkia”
The shear pin of the outboard motor is very useful protection against greater damages, if something hits the propeller. In other words shear pin is preventing and isolating these errors spreading to the rest of the system. Acronym SPOF (Single Point of Failure) describes the situation, when the single point fails and according to that the entire system will be broken at least awhile. In this thesis the analogical reasoning is used to find out, if it possible to support conclusion that SPOF problems of the data communication in the computer networks are possible to prevent by the “programmable shear pin”. Few similarities are highlighted between power transmission and data communication. These similarities are used to justificate the use of Intel Management Engine platform to provide location for these “programmable shear pins”
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Argan, Metin. "Spor sponsorluğu yönetimi /." Ankara : Detay Yayıncılık, 2004. http://swbplus.bsz-bw.de/bsz272994634inh.htm.

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Šála, Jakub. "Bezdrátový optický spoj." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218301.

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In this thesis, shows a current issue for free space optics, limiting their use in practice with regard to the availability and reliability. They conducted measurements on wireless optical links and the observed values is calculated by the availability of the connection. Subsequently, measurements are performed on alternate versions of wireless and copper connections. Observed values were compared with a wireless optical link. It is made of optical design of wireless connections at home.
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Lowry, Nicholas. "Biology and fisheries for the spot prawn (Pandalus platyceros, Brandt 1851) /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5388.

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Ruckstuhl, Markus. "Wheat spot blotch fungus /." Zürich, 1997. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=12302.

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Cooper, J. F. "Fatigue of spot-welds." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383069.

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Books on the topic "SPOD"

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Ondrejka, Kliment. Rozprávania spod Salatína. [Slovakia]: PKKO, 2003.

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Muszkowski, Krzysztof. Spod angielskiego parasola. Toruń: Archiwum Emigracji, 2006.

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Chuchała, Marek Maciej. Spod Łysej Góry. Toronto: Łysiec, 1998.

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translator, Guzsak Ladislaus, ed. Povesti spod Tatier. Bratislava: Marenčin PT, 2013.

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Ruszczyc, Marek. Bohater spod Racławic. Warszawa: Instytut Wydawn. "Nasza Księgarnia", 1985.

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Chuchała, Marek Maciej. Spod Łysej Góry. Toronto, Ontario, Kanada: Marek Maciej Chuchała, 2007.

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Opowieści spod choinki. Kraków: Zielona Sowa, 2007.

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Wiechecki, Stefan. Glowa spod tozka. Krakow: Etiuda, 2000.

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Horák, Jozef. Povesti spod Sitna. 4th ed. Bratislava: Mladé letá, 1987.

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Chuchała, Marek Maciej. Spod Łysej Góry. Toronto: M. M. Chuchała, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "SPOD"

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Petrík, Vladimír. "Gregor-Tajovský, Jozef: Spod kosy." In Kindlers Literatur Lexikon (KLL), 1–2. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05728-0_11885-1.

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Wazawa, Tetsuichi, Takashi Washio, and Takeharu Nagai. "Highly Biocompatible Super-resolution Imaging: SPoD-OnSPAN." In Neuromethods, 229–44. New York, NY: Springer US, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0532-5_11.

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Abdelsamie, Abouelmagd, Gábor Janiga, Cheng Chi, and Dominique Thévenin. "Turbulence Structure Analysis of DNS Data Using DMD and SPOD: Mixing Jet and Channel Flow." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 199–204. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57934-4_28.

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Steinert, Carsten, and Tobias Büser. "Was ist Führung?" In Spot-Leadership, 3–8. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-22652-7_1.

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Steinert, Carsten, and Tobias Büser. "Erfolgsfaktor Zusammenarbeit." In Spot-Leadership, 121–34. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-22652-7_10.

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Steinert, Carsten, and Tobias Büser. "Erfolgsfaktor Kompetenz." In Spot-Leadership, 135–47. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-22652-7_11.

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Steinert, Carsten, and Tobias Büser. "Erfolgsfaktor Organisation." In Spot-Leadership, 149–84. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-22652-7_12.

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Steinert, Carsten, and Tobias Büser. "Erfolgsfaktor Ressourcen." In Spot-Leadership, 185–93. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-22652-7_13.

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Steinert, Carsten, and Tobias Büser. "Was erwarten Unternehmen von Führungskräften?" In Spot-Leadership, 9–17. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-22652-7_2.

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Steinert, Carsten, and Tobias Büser. "Was erwarten Mitarbeiter von Führungskräften?" In Spot-Leadership, 19–22. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-22652-7_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "SPOD"

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Hill, Jonathan L., Matthew P. Borg, and Mark F. Reeder. "Global Mode Reconstruction using Phase-Consistent SPOD." In AIAA SCITECH 2023 Forum. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2023-1985.

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Sieber, Moritz, Christian Oliver Paschereit, and Kilian Oberleithner. "Advanced Identification of Coherent Structures in Swirl-Stabilized Combustors." In ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2016-56591.

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We present an application of a newly introduced method to analyze the time-resolved experimental data from the flow field of a swirl-stabilized combustor. This method is based on classic proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) extended by a temporal constraint. The filter operation embedded in this method allows for continuous fading from the classic POD to the Fourier mode decomposition. This new method — called spectral proper orthogonal decomposition (SPOD) — allows for a clearer separation of the dominant mechanisms due to a clean spectral separation of phenomena. In this paper, the fundamentals of SPOD are shortly introduced. The actual focus is put on the application to a combustor flow. We analyze high-speed PIV measurements from flow fields in a combustor at different operation conditions. In these measurements, we consider externally actuated, as well as natural dynamics and reveal how the natural and actuated modes interact with each other. As shown in the paper, SPOD provides detailed insight into coherent structures in swirl flames. Two distinct PVC structures are found that are very differently affected by acoustic actuation. The coherent structures are related to heat release fluctuations, which are derived from simultaneously acquired OH* chemiluminescence measurements. Besides the actuated modes, a low frequency mode was found that significantly contribute to the global heat release fluctuations.
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Kovárnová, Anna, Philipp Krah, Julius Reiss, and Martin Isoz. "Shifted Proper Orthogonal Decomposition and Artificial Neural Networks for Time-Continuous Reduced Order Models of Transport-Dominated Systems." In Topical Problems of Fluid Mechanics 2022. Institute of Thermomechanics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/tpfm.2022.016.

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Transport-dominated systems are pervasive in both industrial and scientific applications. However, they provide a challenge for common mode-based model order reduction (MOR) approaches, as they often require a large number of linear modes to obtain a sufficiently accurate reduced order model (ROM). In this work, we utilize the shifted proper orthogonal decomposition (sPOD), a methodology tailored for MOR of transport-dominated systems, and combine it with an interpolation based on artificial neural networks (ANN) to obtain a time-continuous ROM usable in engineering practice. The resulting MOR framework is purely data-driven, i.e., it does not require any information on the full order model (FOM) structure, which extends its applicability. On the other hand, compared to the standard projection-based approaches to MOR, the dimensionality reduction utilizing sPOD and ANN is significantly more computationally expensive since it requires a solution of high-dimensional optimization problems.
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Betancourt, Jorge J., Tyler C. Pritschau, Alec R. Gaetano, Rachel Wiggins, Vijay Anand, and Ephraim Gutmark. "Rotating Detonation Mode Identification Via Cross-Correlation and SPOD Through Ethylene/Air in Hollow Combustors." In AIAA Propulsion and Energy 2021 Forum. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2021-3652.

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Castelino, Neil, and Ephraim J. Gutmark. "SPOD Analysis of Pulsed Jets in Supersonic Crossflow using a High Frequency Actuator: An Abstract." In AIAA SCITECH 2022 Forum. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-0204.

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Beuth, Jan Paul, Jakob G. R. von Saldern, Thomas Ludwig Kaiser, Thoralf G. Reichel, Christian Oliver Paschereit, Bernhard Ćosić, and Kilian Oberleithner. "Flow Response of an Industrial Gas Turbine Combustor To Acoustic Forcing Extracted From Unforced Data." In ASME Turbo Expo 2021: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2021-59718.

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Abstract Gas turbine combustors are commonly operated with lean premix flames, allowing for high efficiencies and low emissions. These operating conditions are susceptible to thermoacoustic pulsations, originating from acoustic-flame coupling. To reveal this coupling, experiments or simulations of acoustically forced combustion systems are necessary, which are very challenging for real-scale applications. In this work we investigate the possibility to determine the flame response to acoustic forcing from snapshots of the unforced flow. This approach is based on three central hypothesis: first, the flame response is driven by flow fluctuations, second, these flow fluctuations are dominated by coherent structures driven by hydrodynamic instabilities, and third, these instabilities are driven by stochastic forcing of the background turbulence. As a consequence the dynamics in the natural flow should be low-rank and very similar to those of the acoustically forced system. In this work, the methodology is applied to experimental data of an industry-scale swirl combustor. A resolvent analysis is conducted based on the linearized Navier-Stokes equations to assure analytically the low-rank behavior of the flow dynamics. Then, these dynamics are extracted from flow snapshots using spectral proper orthogonal decomposition (SPOD). The extended SPOD is applied to determine the heat release rate fluctuations that are correlated with the flow dynamics. The low-rank flow and flame dynamics determined from the analytic and data-driven approach are then compared to the flow response determined from a classic phase average of the acoustically forced flow, which allow the research hypothesis to be evaluated. It is concluded that for the present combustor, the flow and flame dynamics are low-rank for a wider frequency range and the response to harmonic forcing can be determined quite accurately from unforced snapshots. The methodology further allows to isolate the frequency range where the flame response is predominantly driven by hydrodynamic instabilites.
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Lin, Shan, Hiroyuki Fukutomi, and Takashi Ogata. "A New Ultrasonic Inspection Technique for Flaw Depth Sizing Based on Short Path of Diffraction." In ASME 2007 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2007-26833.

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This paper describes a new tip diffraction technique, short path of diffraction (SPOD), for accurate depth sizing of flaws on the surface opposite to the inspection surface in which a set of an angle beam and a longitudinal 0-degree transducers is used as a transmitter and a receiver. In this technique, flaw depth is just calculated from the time difference between two echoes of a longitudinal diffracted wave at the tip of a flaw, which arises after an incident wave from the angle beam transducer impinges on the flaw. One echo is related to a wave traveling directly from the tip to the receiver, and the other is a wave which is reflected at the back wall and subsequently travels to the receiver. The two echoes are detected by the longitudinal 0-degree transducer located right above the flaw. Incident angles and incident points have no effect on determining flaw depth in this technique, therefore, more accurate and efficient flaw sizing becomes possible for the proposed technique. The new technique will be demonstrated by applying to depth sizing of slits and stress corrosion cracks which are machined into welded specimens made from austenitic stainless steel.
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Passarelli, Mitchell L., J. D. Maxim Cirtwill, Timothy Wabel, Adam M. Steinberg, and A. J. Wickersham. "Synchronization During Multi-Mode Thermoacoustic Oscillations in a Liquid-Fueled Gas Turbine Combustor at Elevated Pressure." In ASME Turbo Expo 2019: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2019-91835.

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Abstract This paper analyzes intermittent self-excited thermoacoustic oscillations in which the pressure (P′) and heat release rate (q̇′) fluctuations are harmonically coupled. That is to say, P′ and q̇′ do not oscillate at the same frequencies, but rather at frequencies in integer ratios. Thus, this system represents a case dominated by nonlinear cross-mode coupling. The measurements were obtained in an optically-accessible combustor equipped with an industrial gas turbine fuel injector operating with liquid fuel under partially-premixed conditions at elevated pressure. High-speed chemiluminescence (CL) imaging of OH* was used as an indicator of the heat release rate. The data was processed using spectral proper orthogonal decomposition (SPOD) to isolate the dominant heat release and pressure modes. Synchronization theory was used to determine when the modes are coupled and how their interaction manifests in the measurements, particularly how it relates to the observed intermittency. The results show three distinct intervals of synchronized oscillation shared by all the mode pairs analyzed. The first interval exhibits the same characteristics as a pair of noisy, phase-locked self-oscillators, with phase-slipping and frequency-pulling. While the behaviour of the second interval differs among mode pairs, strong frequency-pulling is observed during the third interval for all pairs.
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Stöhr, Michael, Kilian Oberleithner, Moritz Sieber, Zhiyao Yin, and Wolfgang Meier. "Experimental Study of Transient Mechanisms of Bi-Stable Flame Shape Transitions in a Swirl Combustor." In ASME Turbo Expo 2017: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2017-65003.

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Sudden changes of flame shape are an undesired, yet poorly understood feature of swirl combustors used in gas turbines. The present work studies flame shape transition mechanisms of a bistable turbulent swirl flame in a gas turbine model combustor, which alternates intermittently between an attached V-form and a lifted M-form. Time-resolved velocity fields and 2D flame structures were measured simultaneously using high-speed stereo-PIV and OH-PLIF at 10 kHz. The data analysis is performed using two novel methods that are well adapted to the study of transient flame shape transitions: Firstly, the linear stability analysis (LSA) of a time-varying mean flow and secondly the recently proposed spectral proper orthogonal decomposition (SPOD). The results show that the transitions are governed by two types of instability, namely a hydrodynamic instability in the form of a precessing vortex core (PVC) and a thermoacoustic (TA) instability. The LSA shows that the V-M transition implies the transient formation of a PVC as the result of a self-amplification process. The V-M transition, on the other hand, is induced by the appearance of a TA instability that suppresses the PVC and thereby modifies the flow field such that the flame re-attaches at the nozzle. In summary these results provide novel insights into the complex interactions of TA and hydrodynamic instabilities that govern the shape of turbulent swirl-stabilized flames.
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Ingargiola, Antonino, Francesco Panzeri, Niusha Sarkhosh, Angelo Gulinatti, Ivan Rech, Massimo Ghioni, Shimon Weiss, and Xavier Michalet. "8-spot smFRET analysis using two 8-pixel SPAD arrays." In SPIE BiOS, edited by Jörg Enderlein, Ingo Gregor, Zygmunt K. Gryczynski, Rainer Erdmann, and Felix Koberling. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2003704.

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Reports on the topic "SPOD"

1

Simard, R., and M. Bernier. SPOT-1. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/217336.

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Ibe, Masahiro, and Ryuichiro Kitano. Sweet Spot Supersymmetry. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/908567.

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Young, P. E. NIF Spot Summary. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/793864.

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Wise, Kiersten, Carl Bradley, Ed Sikora, Daren Mueller, Martin Chilvers, Loren Giesler, Damon Smith, and Albert Tenuta. Frogeye Leaf Spot. United States: Crop Protection Netework, December 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/cpn-20190620-013.

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Vilim, R. Reactor hot spot analysis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/711952.

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Telenko, Darcy, Martin Chilvers, Nathan Kleczewski, Daren Mueller, Dian Plewa, Alison Robertson, Damon Smith, Adam Sisson, Albert Tenuta, and Kiersten Wise. Tar Spot of Corn. United States: Crop Protection Network, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/cpn-20201214-2.

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Peña-Jiménez, Palma. El spot electoral negativo. Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4185/rlcs-66-2011-939-399-425.

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Stepanek, G. Spot Weld Test Pull. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1030020.

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Julio-Román, Juan Manuel, Silvia Juliana Mera, and Alejandro Reveiz-Herault. La curva Spot (Cero Cupon). Bogotá, Colombia: Banco de la República, June 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.213.

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Wise, Kiersten, and Purdue Extension. Corn Disease Management: Tar Spot. United States: Crop Protection Netework, February 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/cpn-20190620-008.

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