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Academic literature on the topic 'Spiral Wound Module'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 19 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Spiral Wound Module"

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Bilad, Muhammad Roil. "Module-scale simulation of forward osmosis module-part B: Modified Spiral-Wound." Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology 2, no. 2 (September 1, 2017): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ijost.v2i2.7998.

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Forward osmosis (FO) is an attractive technology that offers advantages especially for treatment of challenging feeds in comparison to other membrane technologies. Substantial developments of membrane material have been shown recently. To support further development of FO process, a larger scale study via membrane module development is required to accurately envisage the most critical factors to be exploited to realize the promises. In this study, we applied a mass-transfer model coupled with the mass conservation and area discretization to simulate the performance of modified spiral-wound (MSW) modules (10 sheets of 1x1m). The study focuses on the spatial flux profile in a full-scale module as function of operational mode: co- vs counter cross current and membrane orientations (active-layer facing feed (ALFS); solution and active layer facing draw solution, (ALDS)). Results show that all modes offer almost similar average flux of about 9-10 L/m2h, but the co-current flows have much higher flux ranges (≈43%). The latter is expected to worsen membrane fouling resistant due to mal distribution in hydraulic loading. An operation with counter current and ALFS and counter current flow is then recommended because it offer similar flux but lower spatial flux ranges (7%).
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G. Chatterjee, Siddharth, and Georges Belfort. "Fluid flow in an idealized spiral wound membrane module." Journal of Membrane Science 28, no. 2 (September 1986): 191–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0376-7388(00)82210-3.

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Ruiz-García, A., and I. Nuez. "Performance Assessment of SWRO Spiral-Wound Membrane Modules with Different Feed Spacer Dimensions." Processes 8, no. 6 (June 14, 2020): 692. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8060692.

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Reverse osmosis is the leading process in seawater desalination. However, it is still an energy intensive technology. Feed spacer geometry design is a key factor in reverse osmosis spiral wound membrane module performance. Correlations obtained from experimental work and computational fluid dynamics modeling were used in a computational tool to simulate the impact of different feed spacer geometries in seawater reverse osmosis spiral wound membrane modules with different permeability coefficients in pressure vessels with 6, 7 and 8 elements. The aim of this work was to carry out a comparative analysis of the effect of different feed spacer geometries in combination with the water and solute permeability coefficients on seawater reverse osmosis spiral wound membrane modules performance. The results showed a higher impact of feed spacer geometries in the membrane with the highest production (highest water permeability coefficient). It was also found that the impact of feed spacer geometry increased with the number of spiral wound membrane modules in series in the pressure vessel. Installation of different feed spacer geometries in reverse osmosis membranes depending on the operating conditions could improve the performance of seawater reverse osmosis systems in terms of energy consumption and permeate quality.
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Gu, B., D. Y. Kim, J. H. Kim, and D. R. Yang. "Mathematical model of flat sheet membrane modules for FO process: Plate-and-frame module and spiral-wound module." Journal of Membrane Science 379, no. 1-2 (September 2011): 403–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2011.06.012.

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Jeon, Jongmin, Joon Young Choi, Jinsik Sohn, and Suhan Kim. "Performance Analysis of a Spiral Wound Forward Osmosis Membrane Module." Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers 40, no. 12 (December 31, 2018): 481–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/ksee.2018.40.12.481.

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Wei, Wenshu, Xiang Zou, Xinxiang Ji, Rulin Zhou, Kangkang Zhao, and Yuan Wang. "Analysis of Concentration Polarisation in Full-Size Spiral Wound Reverse Osmosis Membranes Using Computational Fluid Dynamics." Membranes 11, no. 5 (May 10, 2021): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11050353.

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A three-dimensional model for the simulation of concentration polarisation in a full-scale spiral wound reverse osmosis (RO) membrane element was developed. The model considered the coupled effect of complex spacer geometry, pressure drop and membrane filtration. The simulated results showed that, at a salt concentration of 10,000 mg/L and feed pressure of 10.91 bar, permeate flux decreased from 27.6 L/(m2 h) (LMH) at the module inlet to 24.1 LMH at the module outlet as a result of salt accumulation in the absence of a feed spacer. In contrast, the presence of the spacer increased pressure loss along the membranes, and its presence created vortices and enhanced fluid velocity at the boundary layer and led to a minor decrease in flux to 26.5 LMH at the outlet. This paper underpins the importance of the feed spacer’s role in mitigating concentration polarisation in full-scale spiral wound modules. The model can be used by both the industry and by academia for improved understanding and accurate presentation of mass transfer phenomena of full-scale RO modules by different commercial manufacturers that cannot be achieved by experimental characterization of the mass transfer coefficient or by CFD modelling of simplified 2D flow channels.
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Schopf, Roland, Florian Schmidt, Johanna Linner, and Ulrich Kulozik. "Comparative Assessment of Tubular Ceramic, Spiral Wound, and Hollow Fiber Membrane Microfiltration Module Systems for Milk Protein Fractionation." Foods 10, no. 4 (March 24, 2021): 692. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10040692.

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The fractionation efficiency of hollow fiber membranes (HFM) for milk protein fractionation was compared to ceramic tubular membranes (CTM) and spiral wound membranes (SWM). HFM combine the features of high membrane packing density of SWM and the more defined flow conditions and better control of membrane fouling in the open flow channel cross-sections of CTM. The aim was to comparatively analyze the effect of variations in local pressure and flow conditions while using single industrially sized standard modules with similar dimensions and module footprints (module diameter and length). The comparative assessment with varied transmembrane pressure was first applied for a constant feed volume flow rate of 20 m3 h−1 and, secondly, with the same axial pressure drop along the modules of 1.3 bar m−1, similar to commonly applied crossflow velocity and wall shear stress conditions at the industrial level. Flux, transmission factor of proteins (whey proteins and serum caseins), and specific protein mass flow per area membrane and per volume of module installed were determined as the evaluation criteria. The casein-to-whey protein ratios were calculated as a measure for protein fractionation effect. Results obtained show that HFM, which so far are under-represented as standard module types in industrial dairy applications, appear to be a competitive alternative to SWM and CTM for milk protein fractionation.
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Korniyenko, Y., and S. Guliienko. "Mathematical Model of Dissolving Inorganic Fouling in Spiral Wound Membrane Module." Advanced Science Journal 2014, no. 4 (March 31, 2014): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15550/asj.2014.04.047.

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Kim, Yu Chang, and Sang-Jin Park. "Experimental Study of a 4040 Spiral-Wound Forward-Osmosis Membrane Module." Environmental Science & Technology 45, no. 18 (September 15, 2011): 7737–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es202175m.

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Sano, Yoshishiko, Yuki Nishimura, and Akira Nakayama. "E212 A mathematical model for a spiral-wound reverse osmosis module." Proceedings of the Thermal Engineering Conference 2013 (2013): 359–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeted.2013.359.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Spiral Wound Module"

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El-Shamy, Awad. "Effect of permeate suction on the performance of spiral wound nanofiltration module." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://digital.lib.usf.edu/?e14.2868.

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El-Shamy, Awad Abdel Monem. "Effect of Permeate Suction on the Performance of Spiral Wound Nanofiltration Module." Scholar Commons, 2009. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1949.

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Fouling in a nanofitration membrane module is usually a result of concentration polarization. The effect of permeate suction on the slightly negatively charged spiral wound nanofiltration membrane is investigated. According to the film theory, the mass transfer coefficient is inversely proportional to concentration polarization. The effect of permeate suction destabilizes the boundary layer. This will decrease the concentration polarization layer, and consequently will increase mass transfer through the membrane's surface. To validate the hypothesis, experiments were carried out on a NF membrane that can be described by the solution-diffusion model. This model has coefficients that can be measured experimentally. Using the membrane wall concentration in this model instead of the bulk feed concentration can help estimating the mass transfer coefficient more appropriately. Two experimental studies were carried out, one with a standard high pressure pump, and another one with the added effect of suction pressure applied to the permeate collector tube. Three different concentrations of binary dilute solutions of NaCl, MgSO4, and MgCl2, at three different pressures (low, medium, and high) were tested. For all tested solutions, permeate suction increased the diffusive Peclet number as a function of the feed concentration (x) according to the equation Pe = a1x²+b1x+c1, with R²>0.99, where x is the feed concentration in Mol/l, and a1, b1, and c1 are coefficients dependent on feed pressure for every salt solution. With the increase of the Peclet number, it was observed that the concentration polarization decreased, and both the product flow and the product quality were improved. Suction had the greatest impact at the range of 100 to 110 psi feed pressure, where the concentration polarization reduced approximately 14 to 20 %. ANOVA for the concentration polarization showed that suction was significant in reducing the calculated concentration polarization layer for all tested solutions. It was concluded that permeate suction reduced concentration polarization, increased product flow rate, and improved product quality. Thus, adding permeate suction has beneficial consequences because it reduces membrane fouling and extends its useful service life.
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Hartinger, Martin [Verfasser]. "Milk protein fractionation by spiral-wound membranes - Optimization of process and module design / Martin Hartinger." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1235279413/34.

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Fimbres, Weihs Gustavo Adolfo UNESCO Centre for Membrane Science &amp Technology Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Numerical simulation studies of mass transfer under steady and unsteady fluid flow in two- and three-dimensional spacer-filled channels." Publisher:University of New South Wales. UNESCO Centre for Membrane Science & Technology, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/41453.

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Hollow fibre and spiral wound membrane (SWM) modules are the most common commercially available membrane modules. The latter dominate especially for RO, NF and UF and are the focus of this study. The main difficulty these types of modules face is concentration polarisation. In SWM modules, the spacer meshes that keep the membrane leaves apart also help reduce the effects of concentration polarisation. The spacer filaments act as flow obstructions, and thus encourage flow destabilisation and increase mass transfer enhancement. One of the detrimental aspects of the use of spacers is an increase of pressure losses in SWM modules. This study analyses the mechanisms that give rise to mass transfer enhancement in narrow spacer-filled channels, and investigates the relationship between flow destabilisation, energy losses and mass transfer. It shows that the regions of high mass transfer on the membrane surface correlate mainly with those regions where the fluid flow is towards the membrane. Based on the insights gained from this analysis, a series of multi-layer spacer designs are proposed and evaluated. In this thesis, a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model was used to simulate steady and unsteady flows with mass transfer in two- and three-dimensional narrow channels containing spacers. A solute with a Schmidt number of 600 dissolving from the wall and channel Reynolds numbers up to 1683 were considered. A fully-developed concentration profile boundary condition was utilised in order to reduce the computational costs of the simulations. Time averaging and Fourier analysis were performed to gain insight into the dynamics of the different flow regimes encountered, ranging from steady flow to vortex shedding behind the spacer filaments. The relationships between 3D flow effects, vortical flow, pressure drop and mass transfer enhancement were explored. Greater mass transfer enhancement was found for the 3D geometries modelled, when compared with 2D geometries, due to wall shear perpendicular to the bulk flow and streamwise vortices. Form drag was identified as the main component of energy loss for the flow conditions analysed. Implications for the design of improved spacer meshes, such as extra layers of spacer filaments to direct the bulk flow towards the membrane walls, and filament profiles to reduce form drag are discussed.
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d’, Souza David. "Experimental Characterisation and Modelling of a Membrane Distillation Module Coupled to aFlat Plate Solar Collector Field." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Energiteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-28186.

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An experimental characterisation of a pre-commercial spiral wound permeate gap membrane distillation module was carried out to test its performance at different operating conditions for the purpose of seawater desalination. The experimental setup consisted of a flat plate solar collector field indirectly coupled to the permeate gap membrane distillation module via an inertia tank. The operating parameters varied were the condenser inlet temperature (from 20 °C to 30 °C), evaporator inlet temperature (from 60 °C to 80 °C) and seawater feed flow rate (from 200 l/h to 400 l/h). Within this operational boundary, it was found that the maximum permeate/distillate flux was 4.135 l/(h∙m2) which equates to a distillate production/flow rate of close to 21.3 l/h. The maximum potential distillate production rate is expected to be significantly higher than this value though as the maximum manufacturer specified feed flow rate is 700 l/h and the maximum evaporator inlet temperature is rated at 90 °C. Both these parameters are positively related to the distillate production rate. The minimum specific thermal energy consumption was found to be 180 kWh/m3. A mathematical model of the overall system was developed, and experimentally validated, to mathematically describe the coupling of the membrane distillation module with a solar collector field. The effectiveness of internal heat recovery of the membrane distillation module was found to be an accurate and simple tool to evaluate the thermal energy demand of the distillation process at a given set of operation parameters. The mathematical model was used to further investigate the experimental findings and provide insights into the operational dynamics of the membrane distillation module. It was also used to determine some external conditions required for steady state operation, at a given distillation operating point, such as the minimum solar irradiation required for operation and the auxiliary cooling required in the solar collector loop for maintaining steady state conditions. Finally, general guidelines are provided toward better operational practices to improve the coupling of a solar thermal collector unit/field with a membrane distillation system using a storage tank or inertia tank.
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Chen, Kai. "Facilitated Transport Membranes for Fuel Utilization Enhancement for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells and Carbon Capture from Flue Gas." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1595196886200366.

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Al-Obaidi, Mudhar A. A. R. "Modelling, Simulation, and Optimisation of Reverse Osmosis Process with Application in Wastewater Treatment and Food Processing." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17345.

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Reverse Osmosis (RO) is a membrane-based separation process applied in several industrial and food processing applications. In this research, performance of RO process is investigated in respect of two applications (a) wastewater treatment (b) concentration fruit juices using model-based techniques. For this purpose, a number of models (both 1 and 2-dimensional steady state and dynamic) for spiral wound RO process are developed based on Solution-Diffusion model and Irreversible Thermodynamic model. The models are validated against actual experimental data reported in the literature before being used in further simulation and optimisation studies for both wastewater treatment and fruit juice concentration. Wastewater effluents of many industrial applications contain a variety of micro-pollutants and highly-toxic compounds, which are released into a variety of water resources. Such pollutants not only disrupt the biological ecosystem, but they also pose a real threat to the water supply for human consumption and to the aquatic ecosystems. The earlier chapters of the thesis evaluate the performance of RO process in terms of removal efficiency of toxic compounds such as chlorophenol, N-nitrosamine, etc. from wastewater. The effect of several operating parameters such as feed pressure, concentration, flow rate and temperature, on the performance of RO process are evaluated. Also, suitability of a number of different RO configurations for efficient removal of toxic compounds are evaluated. For example, (a) two-stage/two-pass RO design synthesis of RO network for the removal of chlorophenol (b) multistage multi-pass RO process with and without energy recovery option for the removal of N-nitrosamine are investigated. The dynamic response of the RO process for step changes in the operating parameters is investigated for the removal of phenolic compounds. Finally, in the context of wastewater treatment, a case study with multi compounds contaminants is suggested where a multi-objective optimisation problem has achieved the optimum rejection of all the compounds and recovery rate. In respect of food processing, RO has been considered as a prominent process in fruit juice concentration due to its ability to effectively retain the flavour, sensory, aroma and nutritional characteristics and concentrate the juice. This research elucidates one example of apple juice concentration process and focuses on highlighting successful modelling and optimisation methodology. This in turn provides an efficient method of RO process for concentrating apple juice by improving the reliability and efficiency of the underlying separation and concentration process.
Ministry of High Education and Scientific Research of Iraq
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Wen, Tong. "Spirally wound electrodialysis (SpED) module." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358252.

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Iranshahi, Ashkan. "Static Mixing Spacers for Spiral Wound Modules." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1352121892.

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Ben, Boudinar Mourad. "Performance prediction and optimisation of spiral wound modules." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1991. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3235/.

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The work deals with the modelling and optimisation of reverse osmosis (RO) spiral wound elements. It is aimed at improving areas of uncertainty and possible limitations which remain with current published predictive schemes. These were compromised mainly by the lack of adequate experimental data representative of actual operating conditions. Two different mathematical models, termed the `Slit' and the `Spiral' model, were developed. These models differ on the geometrical idealisation of a spiral wound element as indicated by their names. The Solution Diffusion model is used to describe water and salt transport across the membrane. The differential equations governing the process were solved numerically using a finite difference method. The resulting computer programs enable concentrations, pressures and flow rates in the brine and permeate channels to be obtained at any point in the module. The investigation covered a wide range of feed conditions by using experimental data provided from two different types of commercial spiral wound modules. These were the ROGA-4160HR [29] and the Filmtec FT30SW2540 [28] modules. The former type dealt with data typical of brackish water desalination whereas the second type provided data typically encountered in sea-water desalination. The required intrinsic membrane characteristics were determined experimentally using small samples of membrane in a test cell in a closed loop system. For both models, the predictions agree very well with the experimental data over the entire range of operating conditions:- with the exception of some few cases, typical deviations were of the order of 6% for the module productivity and of about 10% for the permeate quality. In addition, parametric studies were performed to establish the programs consistency and the results were in accordance with the theory.
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Books on the topic "Spiral Wound Module"

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Tracey, Frauenheim-Finke, ed. Motivating life skill modules for individuals with spinal cord injury. Bethesda, MD: American Occupational Therapy Association, 1996.

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Gupta, Santosh Kumar Sen. Liquid radwaste processing with crossflow microfiltration and spiral wound reverse osmosis =: Traitement des effluents radioactifs liquides par microfiltration tangentielle et osmose inverse sur modules spirales. Chalk River, Ont: Waste Processing Technology Branch, Chalk River Laboratories, 1995.

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Wilder, Esther I. Wheeling and dealing: Living with spinal cord injury. Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt University Press, 2007.

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Wheeling and dealing: Living with spinal cord injury. Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt University Press, 2006.

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Dorgan, Stephen Joseph. Mathematical modelling, analysis and control of artificially activated skeletal muscle. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1997.

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French, Steven, and Juha Saatsi. Symmetries and Explanatory Dependencies in Physics. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198777946.003.0010.

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Many important explanations in physics are based on ideas and assumptions about symmetries, but little has been said about the nature of such explanations. This chapter aims to fill this lacuna, arguing that various symmetry explanations can be naturally captured in the spirit of the counterfactual-dependence account of Woodward, liberalized from its causal trappings. From the perspective of this account symmetries explain by providing modal information about an explanatory dependence, by showing how the explanandum would have been different, had the facts about an explanatory symmetry been different. Furthermore, the authors argue that such explanatory dependencies need not be causal.
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Levy, Benjamin R. Fluxus and the Absurd (1961–62). Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199381999.003.0005.

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After John Cage’s 1958 Darmstadt lectures, many European composers developed an interest in absurdity and artistic provocation. Although Ligeti’s fascination with Cage and his association with the Fluxus group was brief, the impact it had on his composition was palpable and lasting. A set of conceptual works, The Future of Music, Trois Bagatelles, and Poème symphonique for one hundred metronomes, fall clearly into the Fluxus model, even as the last has taken on a second life as a serious work. This spirit, however, can also be seen in the self-satire of Fragment and the drama and irony of Volumina, Aventures, and Nouvelles Aventures. The sketches for Aventures not only show the composer channeling this humor into a major work but also prove to be a fascinating repository of ideas that Ligeti would reuse in the years to come.
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M, Pubols Lillian, Sessle Barry J. 1941-, and International Union of Physiological Sciences. Congress, eds. Effects of injury on trigeminal and spinal somatosensory systems: Proceedings of a satellite symposium of the XXX Congress of the International Union of Physiological Sciences held at Timberline Lodge, Oregon, July 20-23, 1986. New York: Liss, 1987.

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Sielepin, Adelajda. Ku nowemu życiu : teologia i znaczenie chrześcijańskiej inicjacji dla życia wiarą. Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo Naukowe, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15633/9788374388047.

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TOWARDS THE NEW LIFE Theology and Importance of Christian Initiation for the Life of Faith The book is in equal parts a presentation and an invitation. The subject matter of both is the mystagogical initiation leading to the personal encounter with God and eventually to the union within the Church in Christ, which happens initially and particualry in the sacramental liturgy. Mystagogy was the essential experience of life in the early Church and now is being so intensely discussed and postulated by the ecclesial Magisterium and through the teaching of the recent popes and synods. Within the ten chapters of this book the reader proceeds through the aspects strictly associated with Christian initiation, noticeable in catechumenate and suggestive for further Christian life. It is not surprising then, that the study begins with answering the question about the sense of dealing with catechumenate at all. The response developed in the first chapter covers four key points: the contemporary state of our faith, the need for dialogue in evangelization, the importance of liturgy in the renewal of faith and the obvious requirement of follo- wing the Church’s Magisterium, quite explicit in the subject undertaken within this book. The introductory chapter is meant to evoke interest in catechumenate as such and encourage comprehension of its essence, in order to keep it in mind while planning contemporary evangelization. For doing this with success and avoiding pastoral archeology, we need a competent insight into the main message and goal of Christian initiation. Catechumenate is the first and most venerable model of formation and growth in faith and therefore worth knowing. The second chapter tries to cope with the reasons and ways of the present return to the sources of catechumenate with respect to Christian initiation understood to be the building of the relationship with God. The example of catechumenate helps us to discover, how to learn wisely from the history. This would definitely mean to keep the structure and liturgy of catechumenate as a vehicle of God’s message, which must be interpreted and adapted always anew and with careful and intelligent consideration of the historical flavour on particular stages within the history of salvation and cultural conditions of the recipients. For that reason we refer to the Biblical resources and to the historical examples of catechumenate including its flourishing and declining periods, after which we are slowly approaching the present reinterpretation of the catechumenal process enhanced by the official teaching of the Church. As the result of the latter, particularly owing to the Vatican Council II, we are now dealing with the renewed liturgy of baptism displayed in two liturgical books: The Rite of Baptism for Children and the Rite of Christian Initiation of Adults (RCIA). This version for adults is the subjectmatter of the whole chapter, in which a reader can find theological analyses of the particular rites as well as numerous indications for improving one’s life with Christ in the Church. You can find interesting associations among the rites of initiation themselves and astounding coherence between those rites and the sacraments of the Eucharist, penance and other sacraments, which simply means the ordinary life of faith. Deep and convincing theology of the process of initiation proves the inspiring spiritual power of the initial and constitutive sacraments of baptism and confirmation, which may seem attractive not only for catechumens but also for the faithful baptized in their infancy, and even more, since they might have not yet had a chance to see what a plausible treasure they have been conveying in their baptismal personality. How much challenge for further and constant realization in life may offer these introductory events of Christian initiation, yet not sufficiently appreciated by those who have already been baptized and confirmed! We all should submit to permanent re-evangelization according to this primary pattern, which always remains essential and fundamental. Very typical and very post-conciliar approach to Christian formation appears in the communal dimension, which guards and guarantees the ecclesial profile of initiation and prepares a person to be a living member of the Church. The sixth chapter of the book is dealing with ecclesial issues in liturgy. They refer to comprehending the word of God, especially in the context of liturgy, which brings about a peculiar theological sense to it and giving a special character to proclaiming the Gospel, which the Pope Francis calls “liturgical proclamation”. The ecclesial premises influence the responsibility for the fact of accompanying the candidates, who aim at becoming Christ’s disciples. As the Church is teaching also in the theological and pastoral introduction to the RCIA, this is the duty of all Christians, which means: priests, religious and the lay, because the Church is one organism in whose womb the new members are conceived and raised. As this fact is strongly claimed by the Church the method of initiation arises to great importance. The seventh chapter is dedicated to the analysis of the catechumenal method stemming from Christ’s pedagogy and His mystery of Incarnation introducing a very important issue of implementing the Divine into the human. The chapter concerning this method opens a more practical part of the book. The crucial message of it is to make mystagogy a natural and obvious method which is the way of building bonds with Christ in the community of the people who already have these bonds and who are eager to tighten them and are aware of the beauty and necessity of closeness with Christ. Christian initiation is the process of entering the Kingdom of God and meeting Christ up to the union with Him – not so much learning dogmas and moral requirements. This is a special time when candidates-catechumens-elected mature in love and in their attitude to Christ and people, which results in prayer and new way of life. As in the past catechumenate nowadays inspires the faithful in their imagination of love and mercy as well as reminds us about various important details of the paschal way of life, which constitute our baptismal vocation, but may be forgotten and now with the help of catechumenate can be recognized anew, while accompanying adults on their catechumenal way. The book is meant for those who are already involved in catechumenal process and are responsible for the rites and formation as well as for those who are interested in what the Church is offering to all who consciously decide to know and follow Christ. You can learn from this book, what is the nature and specificity of the method suggested by the Rite itself for guiding people to God the Saviour and to the community of His people. The aim of the study is to present the universal way of evangelization, which was suggested and revealed by God in His pedagogy, particularly through Jesus Christ and smoothly adopted by the early Church. This way, which can be called a method, is so complete, substantial and clear that it deserves rediscovery, description and promotion, which has already started in the Church’s teaching by making direct references to such categories as: initiation, catechumenate, liturgical formation, the rereading the Mystery of Christ, the living participation in the Mystery and faith nourished by the Mystery. The most engaging point with Christian initiation is the fact, that this seems to be the most effective way of reviving the parish, taking place on the solid and safe ground of liturgy with the most convincing and objective fact that is our baptism and our new identity born in baptismal regenerating bath. On the grounds of our personal relationship with God and our Christian vocation we can become active apostles of Christ. Evangelization begins with ourselves and in our hearts. Thinking about the Church’s mission, we should have in mind our personal mission within the Church and we should refer to it’s roots – first to our immersion into Christ’s death and resurrection and to the anointment with the Holy Spirit. In this Spirit we have all been sent to follow Christ wherever He goes, not necessarily where we would like to direct our steps, but He would. Let us cling to Him and follow Him! Together with the constantly transforming and growing Church! Towards the new life!
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Book chapters on the topic "Spiral Wound Module"

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Balster, Joerg. "Spiral Wound Membrane Module." In Encyclopedia of Membranes, 1812–14. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44324-8_1586.

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Balster, Joerg. "Spiral Wound Membrane Module." In Encyclopedia of Membranes, 1–3. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40872-4_1586-1.

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Roberts, Bruce L., John F. Scamehorn, and Sherril D. Christian. "Micellar-Enhanced Ultrafiltration in a Spiral Wound Ultrafiltration Module and Comparison with Stirred Cell Performance." In ACS Symposium Series, 158–74. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2000-0740.ch011.

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González Rodríguez, Luis Mario, and Fernando Tiscareño Lechuga. "Three-Dimensional Modeling and Simulation of Multilayer Spacers for Spiral Wound Membrane Modules." In Membranes, 87–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45315-6_10.

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"Spiral Wound Module." In Encyclopedia of Membranes, 1814. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44324-8_100234.

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Al-Obaidi, M. A., C. Kara-Zaïtri, and I. M. Mujtaba. "Optimisation of membrane design parameters of a spiral-wound reverse osmosis module for high rejection of dimethylphenol from wastewater at low energy consumption." In Computer Aided Chemical Engineering, 2713–18. Elsevier, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-63965-3.50454-2.

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An, J., W. S. Tan, C. K. Chua, T. H. Chong, and A. G. Fane. "Design considerations for additive manufacturing of feed channel spacers for spiral wound membrane modules." In Challenges for Technology Innovation: An Agenda for the Future, 211–15. CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315198101-38.

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Zhang, Zh X., A. R. Greenberg, W. B. Krantz, and G. Y. Chai. "Study of membrane fouling and cleaning in spiral wound modules using ultrasonic time-domain reflectometry." In Membrane Science and Technology, 65–88. Elsevier, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0927-5193(03)80007-4.

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Geraldes, Vítor, Viriato Semião, and Norberta de Pinho. "Optimization of ladder-type spacers for nanofiltration and reverse osmosis spiral-wound modules by computational fluid dynamics." In Computer Aided Chemical Engineering, 187–92. Elsevier, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1570-7946(04)80097-x.

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Tajdari, M., A. Maqsood, H. Li, S. Saha, JF Sarwark, and WK Liu. "Artificial intelligence data-driven 3D model for AIS." In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti210453.

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Scoliosis is a 3D deformation of the spinal column, characterized by a lateral deviation of the spine, accompanied by axial rotation of the vertebrae. Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS), is the most common type, affecting children between ages 8 to 18 when bone growth is at its maximum rate. The selection of the most appropriate treatment options is based on the surgeon’s experience. So, developing a clinically validated patient-specific model of the spine would aid surgeons in understanding AIS in early stages and propose an efficient method of treatment for the individual patient. This project steps include: Developing a clinically validated patient-specific Reduced Order Finite Element Model (ROFEM) of the spine, predicting AIS progression using data mining and proposing a method of treatment. First we implement FE synergistically with bio-mechanical information, image processing and data science techniques to improve predictive ability. Initial geometry of the spine will be extracted from the x-ray images from different planes and imported to FEM software to generate the spine model and perform analysis. A RO model is developed based on the detailed spinal FEM. Next, a neural network is used to predict the spinal curvature. The ability to predict the severity of AIS will have an immense impact on the treatment of AIS-affected children. Access to a predictive and patient-specific model will enable the physicians to have a better understanding of spinal curvature progression. Consequently, the physicians will be able to educate families, choose the most appropriate treatment option and asses for surgical intervention.
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Conference papers on the topic "Spiral Wound Module"

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Vives, Luis, Mostafa H. Elsharqawy, and Edgar Quiñones-Bolaños. "Experimental Investigation of Spiral Wound Module Under Pressure Retarded Osmosis Process." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11786.

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Abstract The performance of a spiral wound module operating under pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) is measured experimentally with a feed water back pressure. The module has a diameter of 0.1 m, a length of 1.02 m, and total membrane surface area of 7.45 m2 capsulated in a stainless-steel pressure vessel. The module is commercially designed for a reverse osmosis (RO) system however, a feed water outlet is added, and a back pressure is applied to adapt it for the PRO process. The experimental results of the spiral wound PRO module with a back pressure in the feed water side showed low power density values (about 0.35 W/m2) compared with those commonly found in the literature, demonstrating the geometric inefficiency of RO modules for the PRO process.
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Sano, Yoshihiko, Akihiko Horibe, Naoto Haruki, and Akira Nakayama. "A Porous Media Approach for Analyzing a Spiral-Wound Reverse Osmosis Desalination Module." In The 15th International Heat Transfer Conference. Connecticut: Begellhouse, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/ihtc15.pmd.008811.

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Anqi, Ali E., Mustafa Usta, Mohammed Alrehili, Nawaf Alkhamis, and Alparslan Oztekin. "Reverse Osmosis Desalination Module: Three Dimensional, Transient Analyses." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-65890.

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The desalination process using reverse osmosis membrane is used around the globe to produce fresh water. In the present paper, simulations are conducted to examine steady and transient nature of the flow inside a three dimensional desalination module containing cylindrical spacers. Navier-Stokes and mass transport equations are solved to determine the flow and concentration field in the feed channel for Reynolds number of 800. The spiral wound membrane is treated as a functional surface where the solution-diffusion model is applied. The flow and the concentration field are strongly three dimensional and transient in nature. The present authors demonstrated that the momentum mixing induced by the presence of spacers enhances the flux performance of the membrane. It is also shown that transient effects and the secondary flows induced by three dimensional flow transitions are mitigating the concentration polarization and fouling/scaling that occurs along the surface of the membrane.
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Attoui, Hocine, and Abdel-Hakim Bouzid. "On the Equivalent Mechanical Properties of Spiral Wound Gaskets." In ASME 2016 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2016-63166.

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Spiral wound gaskets are generally used to seal bolted joints working under high pressure and high temperature. The mechanical properties of the sealing element composed of the filler and the windings play important roles in the sealing performance and buckling strength of these gaskets. The proper modeling of a bolted joint that uses a spiral wound gasket requires the knowledge of the mechanical properties of the sealing element. The elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio are often required in order to be used in any simplified analytical or numerical modelling of the gasket. A hybrid technique based on an analytical approach and experimental tests is developed to characterize the equivalent mechanical properties of spiral wound gaskets. In this paper, an analytical model supported with numerical Finite Element Method (FEM) based simulation and experimental investigation is presented to characterize the mechanical properties of spiral wound sealing element. The results of the analytical model that are based on the theory of Lamé and consideration on the compatibility conditions between components, has an acceptable agreement with numerical simulation and experimental investigations.
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Alshwairekh, Ahmed M., Abdullah A. Alghafis, Mustafa Usta, Anas M. Alwatban, Robert Krysko, and Alparslan Oztekin. "The Effect of Porous Support Layer in Forward Osmosis Membranes: A Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-86328.

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Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are conducted to study the transport phenomena in spiral wound membranes (SWM) within a Forward Osmosis (FO) module. The effect of the porous layer on the membrane performance is examined. Simulations are prepared for three different porous layer thicknesses by having the porous layer facing the draw channel, a mode known as AL-FS (active layer facing feed solution). In the current study, a Reynolds number range from 2 to 500 is considered. The Navier-Stokes and the mass transport equations are used to obtain the velocity, pressure and concentration fields in the flow channels. The local osmotic pressure and the membrane properties are used to calculate the water permeation over the membrane surface. The membrane is considered as a semipermeable functional surface of zero thickness. The effect of the porous layer is included in the flux model, but the flow and concentration fields in the porous layer are not resolved. The results suggest that increasing the streamwise velocity decreases the level of the external concentration polarization on both sides of the membrane which in turn leads to higher water flux through the membrane. Also, the existence of the porous layer reduced the membrane performance. The water flux didn’t improve much with increasing streamwise velocity at the same porous layer thickness. The suction velocity over the membrane starts at a high value at the inlet of the draw channel and decreases until reaching the outlet of the draw channel then it starts to increase slightly from the effect of the inlet of feed solution. Moreover, by increasing the net osmotic pressure difference, the water flux exhibited a non-linear increase.
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Conboy, Thomas, and Pavel Hejzlar. "Thermal-Hydraulic Performance of Cross-Shaped Spiral Fuel in High-Power-Density BWRs." In 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone14-89809.

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Power up-rating of existing nuclear reactors promises to be an area of great study for years to come. One of the major approaches to efficiently increasing power density is by way of advanced fuel design, and cross-shaped spiral-fuel has shown such potential in previous studies. Our work aims to model the thermal-hydraulic consequences of filling a BWR core with these spiral-shaped pins. The helically-wound pins have a cross-section resembling a 4-petaled flower. They fill an assembly in a tight bundle, their dimensions chosen carefully such that the petals of neighboring pins contact each other at their outer-most extent in a self-supporting lattice, absent of grid spacers. Potential advantages of this design raise much optimism from a thermal-hydraulic perspective. These spiral rods possess about 40% larger surface area than traditional rods, resulting in increased cooling and a proportional reduction in average surface heat flux. The thin petal-like extensions help by lowering thermal resistance between the hot central region of the pin and the bulk coolant flow, decreasing the maximum fuel temperature by 200°C according to Finite Element (COSMOS) models. However, COSMOS models also predict a potential problem area at the “elbow” region of two adjoining petals, where heat flux peaking is twice that along the extensions. Preliminary VIPRE models, which account only for the surface area increase, predict a 22% increase in critical power. It is also anticipated that the spiral twist would provide the flowing coolant with an additional radial velocity component, and likely promote turbulence and mixing within an assembly. These factors are expected to provide further margin for increased power density, and are currently being incorporated into the VIPRE model. The reduction in pressure drop inherent in any core without grid-spacers is also expected to be significant in aiding core stability, though this has not yet been quantified. Spiral-fuel seems to be a favorable alternative to traditional pins from a thermal-hydraulic standpoint, though further study of the trends shown in this paper are required.
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Neuert, Mark C., Thomas J. Dessein, and Millan Sen. "Assessment of Pipeline Spiral Weld Cracks Subjected to Internal Pressure." In 2018 12th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2018-78293.

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Spirally welded pipelines can make up significant portions of operator transmission systems, and may contain manufacturing anomalies that are susceptible to fatigue growth. Modifications to inputs of crack assessment models, such as CorLAS®, are required to account for the angle these cracks make with respect to the longitudinal pipe axis, given that these crack assessment models were developed for longitudinally orientated cracks. Two such modifications were investigated and are discussed in this paper. One approach considered the normal stress component perpendicular to the angled crack, for which a stress transformation calculator was developed. Another approach, adapted from API 579 and BS7910 standards, used an effective crack length calculated as the longitudinal projection of the full length of an angled crack. Failure pressures calculated using these approaches were compared to validated finite element (FE) results. For both modifications, the pressure capacity increased for angled cracks versus longitudinal cracks. The transformed normal stress approach resulted in non-conservative failure pressure predictions with respect to the FE models, whereas the modified crack length approach was conservative. Additionally, the extended finite element method (XFEM) was used to investigate the propagation behavior of angled cracks. It was found that the general tendency was for propagation parallel to the longitudinal pipe axis; however, when considering weld residual stresses, the crack propagation would be directed toward the direction of the spiral seam.
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Nagata, Satoshi, Yasumasa Shoji, and Toshiyuki Sawa. "A Simplified Modeling of Gasket Stress-Strain Curve for FEM Analysis in Bolted Flange Joint Design." In ASME 2002 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2002-1082.

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Semi-metal and non-metal gaskets (spiral wound, joint sheet, etc.) are well known that their stress-strain curve shows strong nonlinearity and hysteresis. These characteristics should be considered, when we analyze the behavior of a bolted flange joint. Regarding the analysis of bolted flange joints, authors had proposed a simplified modeling method of gasket stress-strain curve for FEM analysis in the previous PVP conferences. The method approximates the nonlinearity of gasket stress-strain relation using two different linear elastic moduli in loading and unloading, respectively. This paper provides that the comparison of computed results due to the simplified analysis and the ones due to accurate nonlinear analysis that uses a nonlinear-hysteresis gasket model. This paper also proposes the guidance to determine the two linear elastic moduli for the simplified modeling. Since the simplified analysis gives a good approximation, we conclude that the method is very useful for the analysis of bolted flange joints, especially in design stage of pressure vessel flanges or piping flanges.
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Kim, Jung Hwan, Xiaoming Chen, Garrett W. Astary, Thomas H. Mareci, and Malisa Sarntinoranont. "Computational Model of Direct Injection Into the Spinal Cord Using in Vivo Diffusion Tensor Imaging." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-193114.

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Local infusion, i.e., convection-enhanced delivery (CED), is increasingly being considered as a means to deliver therapeutic agents to nervous tissues. These infusion techniques bypass the blood-brain barrier and overcome problems associated with slow diffusion [1, 2]. Predictive models of extracellular fluid flow and transport during and following CED would be useful in treatment optimization and planning. To account for large infusion volumes, such infusion models should incorporate tissue boundaries and anisotropic tissue properties.
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Kim, Jung Hwan, Garrett W. Astary, Thomas H. Mareci, and Malisa Sarntinoranont. "A Computational Model of Direct Infusion Into the Rat Brain: Corpus Callosum and Hippocampus." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-205945.

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Despite the high therapeutic potential of many macromolecular drugs, it has proven difficult to apply them to treatment of cancer and other degenerative diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) due to low capillary permeability and low diffusivity. To overcome these barriers, recent experimental studies have shown local infusion, i.e., convection-enhanced delivery (CED), to be a promising delivery technique in the brain and spinal cord [1–3]. Predictive models of extracellular fluid flow and transport during CED would be useful for treatment optimization and planning.
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Reports on the topic "Spiral Wound Module"

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Siler, J. L. A comparison of ROChem reverse osmosis and spiral wound reverse osmosis membrane modules. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10191871.

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Siler, J. L. A comparison of ROChem reverse osmosis and spiral wound reverse osmosis membrane modules. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6994228.

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