Relevant bibliographies by topics / Spindle

Academic literature on the topic 'Spindle'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Spindle"

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Li, Jiandong, Qiang Wang, Xurui Sun, Jue Qu, Ang Qiu, Wei Kang, and Shuaijun Ma. "Research on the Effect of Spindle Speed on the Softening and Hardening Characteristics of the Axial Operating Stiffness of Machine Tool Spindle." Lubricants 10, no. 7 (June 22, 2022): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants10070132.

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Spindle stiffness is one of the most critical indicators for evaluating and measuring the service performance of spindles. The traditional static stiffness indexes only involve static analysis and rarely focus on the study of spindle-carrying capacity under operating conditions. In this paper, the explicit solution approach is used to develop a mechanical model of the spindle’s axial operating stiffness. This model was then used to explore the influence of rotational speed on the softening and hardening features of the spindle axial operating stiffness, and experimental verification was carried out. According to studies, the speed of a fixed-position preload spindle can lead its operating stiffness to exhibit a “stiffness-hardening” feature. However, when the axial displacement of the spindle is small, the operating stiffness curve of the spindle displays a noticeable “fluctuation” phenomenon for low-speed spindles. Furthermore, the speed-induced preload has a significant impact on the test results when testing spindle axial operating stiffness.
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Brecher, C. Prof, S. Neus, H. M. Eckel, T. Motschke, and M. Fey. "Frequenzgangmessung an Spindeln unter Drehzahl*/FRF Measurement on rotating spindles." wt Werkstattstechnik online 107, no. 05 (2017): 318–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2017-05-14.

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Das statische und dynamische Verhalten von Hauptspindelsystemen ist über Nachgiebigkeitsfrequenzgänge beschreibbar. Dabei beeinflussen Drehzahleffekte die dynamischen Nachgiebigkeiten des Systems Werkzeug – Werkzeugschnittstelle – Spindel maßgeblich. Dieser Fachartikel beschreibt eine Methodik zur messtechnischen Ermittlung von Nachgiebigkeitsfrequenzgängen an rotierenden Spindeln mit absoluter sowie relativer Kraftanregung in Verbindung mit berührungsloser Verlagerungsmessung.   The static and dynamic behavior of main spindles in machine tools can be described via Frequency Response Functions (FRFs). Dynamic compliances of the system tool-interface-spindle are decisively influenced by rotational speed effects. This technical article describes a methodology for FRF measurement of rotating spindles with absolute and relative force excitation in conjunction with non-contact displacement measurement.
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Lu, Y., Ying Xue Yao, and W. Z. Xie. "Finite Element Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics of High-Speed Motorized Spindle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 10-12 (December 2007): 900–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.10-12.900.

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High speed machining is a promising technology for significantly increasing productivity and reducing production costs. Development of high-speed spindle technology is strategically critical to the implementation of high speed machining. Compared to conventional spindles, and motorized spindles are equipped with built-in motors for better power transmission and balance to achieve high-speed operation. However, the built-in motor introduces additional mass to the spindle shaft, besides, since its very high working speed, some high-speed rotational effects, including centrifugal forces and gyroscopic moments on the spindle shaft can not be neglected in the analysis as is done in conventional spindle, thus complicating its mechanical-dynamic behaviors. In this paper, the FEM model of motorized spindle is set up to research on its dynamic characteristics in theory with an eye to high-speed rotational effects, including centrifugal forces and gyroscopic moments on the motorized spindle shaft. The motorized spindle’s natural frequencies and corresponding vibration shapes are got through the modal analysis, and the effect of the axial preload on the natural frequency is programmed to be seen clearly.
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Zulkipli, Ihsan, Joanna Clark, Madeleine Hart, Roshan L. Shrestha, Parveen Gul, David Dang, Tami Kasichiwin, Izabela Kujawiak, Nishanth Sastry, and Viji M. Draviam. "Spindle rotation in human cells is reliant on a MARK2-mediated equatorial spindle-centering mechanism." Journal of Cell Biology 217, no. 9 (June 25, 2018): 3057–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201804166.

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The plane of cell division is defined by the final position of the mitotic spindle. The spindle is pulled and rotated to the correct position by cortical dynein. However, it is unclear how the spindle’s rotational center is maintained and what the consequences of an equatorially off centered spindle are in human cells. We analyzed spindle movements in 100s of cells exposed to protein depletions or drug treatments and uncovered a novel role for MARK2 in maintaining the spindle at the cell’s geometric center. Following MARK2 depletion, spindles glide along the cell cortex, leading to a failure in identifying the correct division plane. Surprisingly, spindle off centering in MARK2-depleted cells is not caused by excessive pull by dynein. We show that MARK2 modulates mitotic microtubule growth and length and that codepleting mitotic centromere-associated protein (MCAK), a microtubule destabilizer, rescues spindle off centering in MARK2-depleted cells. Thus, we provide the first insight into a spindle-centering mechanism needed for proper spindle rotation and, in turn, the correct division plane in human cells.
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Kondo, Ryo, Daisuke Kono, and Atsushi Matsubara. "Evaluation of Machine Tool Spindle Using Carbon Fiber Composite." International Journal of Automation Technology 14, no. 2 (March 5, 2020): 294–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2020.p0294.

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Spindle is one of the most important component of machine tools because spindle’s performance including thermal property and dynamic property greatly influences the accuracy and productivity in machining process. This study investigates the effect of the application of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) to the spindle shaft on the performance of machine tool spindles. CFRP and steel spindle shafts with the same geometry were developed for fair comparison. Thermal and dynamic properties of the developed shaft and spindle unit were evaluated and compared. The experimental and simulation results showed that the CFRP spindle shaft improved the axial thermal displacement and dynamic stiffness. The axial thermal displacement was decreased to 1/3 of that of the steel spindle. The compliance was also decreased to 1/2. The design of the thermal displacement distribution around the bearing should be an important issue in the CFRP spindle for the thermal stability of the dynamic property.
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Woolner, Sarah, Lori L. O'Brien, Christiane Wiese, and William M. Bement. "Myosin-10 and actin filaments are essential for mitotic spindle function." Journal of Cell Biology 182, no. 1 (July 7, 2008): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200804062.

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Mitotic spindles are microtubule-based structures responsible for chromosome partitioning during cell division. Although the roles of microtubules and microtubule-based motors in mitotic spindles are well established, whether or not actin filaments (F-actin) and F-actin–based motors (myosins) are required components of mitotic spindles has long been controversial. Based on the demonstration that myosin-10 (Myo10) is important for assembly of meiotic spindles, we assessed the role of this unconventional myosin, as well as F-actin, in mitotic spindles. We find that Myo10 localizes to mitotic spindle poles and is essential for proper spindle anchoring, normal spindle length, spindle pole integrity, and progression through metaphase. Furthermore, we show that F-actin localizes to mitotic spindles in dynamic cables that surround the spindle and extend between the spindle and the cortex. Remarkably, although proper anchoring depends on both F-actin and Myo10, the requirement for Myo10 in spindle pole integrity is F-actin independent, whereas F-actin and Myo10 actually play antagonistic roles in maintenance of spindle length.
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Morales-Mulia, Sandra, and Jonathan M. Scholey. "Spindle Pole Organization in Drosophila S2 Cells by Dynein, Abnormal Spindle Protein (Asp), and KLP10A." Molecular Biology of the Cell 16, no. 7 (July 2005): 3176–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e04-12-1110.

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Dynein is a critical mitotic motor whose inhibition causes defects in spindle pole organization and separation, chromosome congression or segregation, and anaphase spindle elongation, but results differ in different systems. We evaluated the functions of the dynein–dynactin complex by using RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated depletion of distinct subunits in Drosophila S2 cells. We observed a striking detachment of centrosomes from spindles, an increase in spindle length, and a loss of spindle pole focus. RNAi depletion of Ncd, another minus-end motor, produced disorganized spindles consisting of multiple disconnected mini-spindles, a different phenotype consistent with distinct pathways of spindle pole organization. Two candidate dynein-dependent spindle pole organizers also were investigated. RNAi depletion of the abnormal spindle protein, Asp, which localizes to focused poles of control spindles, produced a severe loss of spindle pole focus, whereas depletion of the pole-associated microtubule depolymerase KLP10A increased spindle microtubule density. Depletion of either protein produced long spindles. After RNAi depletion of dynein–dynactin, we observed subtle but significant mislocalization of KLP10A and Asp, suggesting that dynein–dynactin, Asp, and KLP10A have complex interdependent functions in spindle pole focusing and centrosome attachment. These results extend recent findings from Xenopus extracts to Drosophila cultured cells and suggest that common pathways contribute to spindle pole organization and length determination.
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Larson, Matthew E., and William M. Bement. "Automated mitotic spindle tracking suggests a link between spindle dynamics, spindle orientation, and anaphase onset in epithelial cells." Molecular Biology of the Cell 28, no. 6 (March 15, 2017): 746–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e16-06-0355.

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Proper spindle positioning at anaphase onset is essential for normal tissue organization and function. Here we develop automated spindle-tracking software and apply it to characterize mitotic spindle dynamics in the Xenopus laevis embryonic epithelium. We find that metaphase spindles first undergo a sustained rotation that brings them on-axis with their final orientation. This sustained rotation is followed by a set of striking stereotyped rotational oscillations that bring the spindle into near contact with the cortex and then move it rapidly away from the cortex. These oscillations begin to subside soon before anaphase onset. Metrics extracted from the automatically tracked spindles indicate that final spindle position is determined largely by cell morphology and that spindles consistently center themselves in the XY-plane before anaphase onset. Finally, analysis of the relationship between spindle oscillations and spindle position relative to the cortex reveals an association between cortical contact and anaphase onset. We conclude that metaphase spindles in epithelia engage in a stereotyped “dance,” that this dance culminates in proper spindle positioning and orientation, and that completion of the dance is linked to anaphase onset.
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Walker, Diana L., Dong Wang, Ye Jin, Uttama Rath, Yanming Wang, Jørgen Johansen, and Kristen M. Johansen. "Skeletor, a Novel Chromosomal Protein That Redistributes during Mitosis Provides Evidence for the Formation of a Spindle Matrix." Journal of Cell Biology 151, no. 7 (December 25, 2000): 1401–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.151.7.1401.

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A spindle matrix has been proposed to help organize and stabilize the microtubule spindle during mitosis, though molecular evidence corroborating its existence has been elusive. In Drosophila, we have cloned and characterized a novel nuclear protein, skeletor, that we propose is part of a macromolecular complex forming such a spindle matrix. Skeletor antibody staining shows that skeletor is associated with the chromosomes at interphase, but redistributes into a true fusiform spindle structure at prophase, which precedes microtubule spindle formation. During metaphase, the spindle, defined by skeletor antibody labeling, and the microtubule spindles are coaligned. We find that the skeletor-defined spindle maintains its fusiform spindle structure from end to end across the metaphase plate during anaphase when the chromosomes segregate. Consequently, the properties of the skeletor-defined spindle make it an ideal substrate for providing structural support stabilizing microtubules and counterbalancing force production. Furthermore, skeletor metaphase spindles persist in the absence of microtubule spindles, strongly implying that the existence of the skeletor-defined spindle does not require polymerized microtubules. Thus, the identification and characterization of skeletor represents the first direct molecular evidence for the existence of a complete spindle matrix that forms within the nucleus before microtubule spindle formation.
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Baskin, T. I., and W. Z. Cande. "Kinetic analysis of mitotic spindle elongation in vitro." Journal of Cell Science 97, no. 1 (September 1, 1990): 79–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.97.1.79.

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Studies of mitotic spindle elongation in vitro using populations of diatom spindles visualized with immunofluorescence microscopy have shown that the two interdigitating half-spindles are driven apart by an ATP-dependent process that generates force in the zone of overlap between half-spindles. To characterize further the system responsible for spindle elongation, we observed spindle elongation directly with polarized light or phase-contrast video-microscopy. We report that the kinetics of spindle elongation versus time are linear. A constant rate of spindle elongation occurs despite the continuous decrease in length of the zone of overlap between half-spindles. The average rate of spindle elongation varies as a function of treatment, and rates measured match spindle elongation rates measured in vivo. When spindles elongated in the presence of polymerizing tubulin (from bovine brain), the extent of elongation was greater than the original zone of half-spindle overlap, but the rate of elongation was constant. No component of force due to tubulin polymerization was found. The total elongation observed in the presence of added tubulin could exceed a doubling of original spindle length, matching the elongation in the intact diatom. The linear rate of spindle elongation in vitro suggests that the force transducer for anaphase B is a mechanochemical ATPase, analogous to dynein or myosin, and that the force for spindle elongation does not arise from stored energy, e.g. in an elastic matrix in the midzone. Additionally, on the basis of observations described here, we conclude that the force-transduction system for spindle elongation must be able to remain in the zone of microtubule overlap during the sliding apart of half-spindles, and that the transducer can generate force between microtubules that are not strictly antiparallel.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Spindle"

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Satyarebala, Chilaka. "Role of CENP-A NAC/CAD network in spindle assembly and spindle checkpoint /." Zürich : ETH, 2008. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=18103.

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Rout, Michael Paul. "The identification and characterization of components of the yeast spindle pole body and spindle." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334226.

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Müller-Reichert, Thomas. "Spindle organization in three dimensions." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2006. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1166107130476-22269.

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During cell division, chromosome segregation takes place on bipolar, microtubulebased spindles. Here, C. elegans is used to analyze spindle organization under both mitotic and meiotic conditions. First, the role of SAS-4 in organizing centrosome structure was analyzed. Partial depletion of SAS-4 in early embryos results in structurally defective centrioles. The study of this protein sheds light on the poorly understood role of the centrioles in dictating centrosome size. Second, the ultrastructure of wild-type mitotic spindle components was analyzed by electron tomography. This 3-D analysis reveals morphologically distinct microtubule end morphologies in the mitotic spindle pole. These results have structural implications for models of microtubule interactions with centrosomes Third, spindle assembly was studied in female meiosis. Specifically, the role of the microtubule severing complex katanin in spindle organization was analyzed. Electron tomography reveals fragmentation of spindle microtubules and suggests a novel katanin-dependent mechanism of meiotic spindle assembly. In this model, relatively long microtubules seen near the meiotic chromatin are converted into numerous short fragments, thus increasing the total number of polymers in an acentrosomal environment. Taken together, these results provide novel insights into the three-dimensional organization of microtubules during spindle assembly
Die Segregation der Chromosomen während der Zellteilung wird duch bipolare, von Microtubuli-aufgebauten Spindlen gewährleistet. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird C. elegans zur Analyse der Spindelorganisation unter mitotischen und meiotischen Bedingungen herangezogen. Erstens wird die Rolle von SAS-4 in der Organisation von Zentrosomen untersucht. Die partielle Depletierung von SAS-4 in frühen Embryonen führt zu strukturell defekten Zentriolen und wirft somit Licht auf die wenig verstandene Rolle der Zentriolen in der Bestimmung der Zentrosomengröße. Zweitens wird die Ultrastruktur der mitotischen Spindelkomponenten im Wildtyp durch Elektronentomographie untersucht. Diese 3-D-Analyse zeigt, dass im mitotischen Spindlepol unterschiedliche Morphologien der Mikrotubulienden zu finden sind. Diese Ergebnisse haben strukturelle Implikationen für Modelle der Mikrotubuli-Zentrosomen-Interaktionen. Drittens wird der Aufbau der Spindel in der weiblichen Meiose, speziell die Rolle des Mikrotubuli-schneidenden Kataninkomplexes in der Spindelorganisation, untersucht. Die Elektronentomographie zeigt hier eine Fragmentierung der Spindelmikrotubuli. Basierend auf diesem Ergebnis wird ein neues Katanin-abhängiges Modell der Formierung der Meiosespindel entwickelt, in dem relativ lange Microtubuli in Nähe des meiotischen Chromatins in zahlreiche kurze Mikrotubuli “zerschnitten” werden. Dies erhöht die Anzahl der verfügbaren Polymere in dieser azentrosomalen Situation. Zusammenfassend bringen diese Ergebnisse neue Einsichten in die räumliche Organisation der Mikrotubuli während des Spindelaufbaus
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Wigge, Philip Anthony. "An analysis of the spindle and spindle pole body in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.621860.

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Cavazza, Tommaso 1985. "Unravelling integrated kinetics during spindle assembly." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/325428.

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To ensure faithful segregation of the genetic material, during mitosis the cell assembles the mitotic spindle, a macromolecular machine made of dynamic microtubules and associated proteins. Spindle microtubules are assembled de novo by the centrosomes and through the RanGTP pathway that is sufficient for spindle self-organization. In this thesis I used a proteomics approach to study the RanGTP pathway induced microtubules and spindle self-organization and I propose that it occurs through a multi-step mechanism. I then addressed how the centrosomal and acentrosomal microtubule assembly pathways are integrated to build the bipolar spindle. My data suggest that, in small cells, centrosome maturation defines an optimal and essential balance between these two pathways due to a competition for limiting amounts of tubulin. Interestingly in big cells, I found that centrosome maturation ensures the correct positioning of each centrosome to a spindle pole and thereby assures proper centrosome segregation to the daughter cells. Finally, I present molecular insights about the interaction of the microtubule polymerase XMAP215 with its mitotic interactor TACC3.
Durant la mitosi, per assegurar que el material genètic es segrega correctament, la cèl•lula construeix el fus mitòtic, una maquinària macromolecular formada de microtúbuls dinàmics i proteïnes associades. Els microtúbuls del fus són formats de novo pels centrosomes o a través de la “RanGTP pathway”, la qual és autosuficient per promoure l'autoorganització del fus mitòtic. En aquesta tesi he utilitzat tècniques de proteòmica per estudiar com la “RanGTP pathway” indueix l'autoorganització dels microtúbuls i del fus mitòtic a través d’un procés amb múltiples passos (tal i com indiquen els resultats obtinguts). Paral•lelament he estudiat com els microtúbuls formats per ambdues vies (centrosomes i “RanGTP pathway”) es coordinen per la construcció del fus bipolar. Els meus resultats suggereixen que, en cèl•lules petites, la maduració dels centrosomes defineix un equilibri òptim i essencial entre els dos sistemes, com a conseqüència de la disponibilitat limitada de tubulina. Per altra banda, en cèl•lules grans la maduració dels centrosomes condiciona la correcta localització d’aquests als pols del fus mitòtic, assegurant-ne la segregació a les dues cèl•lules filles. Finalment, exposo els detalls moleculars de la interacció entre la polimerasa de microtúbuls XMAP215 i el seu interactor mitòtic TACC3.
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Overington, Y. H. "Aspects of hollow spindle fancy yarn." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.556105.

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Donaldson, Anne Dunlop. "The yeast spindle pole component spc42." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319938.

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Banks, Robert William. "Studies on the mammalian muscle spindle." Thesis, Durham University, 1994. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/9594/.

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The subjects of these studies are the major components of the mammalian muscle spindle, which is an encapsulated proprioceptor serving to monitor skeletal muscle length and length change. Those components are: specialized intrafusal muscle fibres; sensory nerve endings that form intimate contacts with the intrafusal fibres; and motor nerve fibres by means of which the central nervous system can exercise control over the sensitivity of the spindle. My first important contribution was to establish the number of types of intrafusal fibre (1-8, 11). Their different mechanical properties help to shape the responses of the sensory endings in characteristic ways (papers 15 and 42). Detailed reconstructions of sensory endings revealed recognizable features of the primary ending that were consistently associated with the different intrafusal fibres (10, 13, 18, 20, 33). The sites of nerve impulse generation and coding are being studied in relation to the branching pattern of the sensory nerve fibres (45, 50, 55). Analysis of the innervation of individual spindles has revealed the interplay of random and deterministic factors in spindle construction (20, 36, 37, 40, 41, 44, 48, 52, 53). As yet it is unknown how the differences that exist between muscles in this respect are related to their specific roles in motor control or kinaesthesia. However, reflex activity appears to be grossly disturbed in muscles that have been reinnervated following nerve section, since functional endings may be formed in inappropriate locations (22, 25, 28- 31,34, 38, 39, 43, 46). The motor innervation of the spindle was for long controversial, especially concerning the distribution of the different functional categories of axon. I have pursued histophysiological and probabilistic approaches to this problem, about which there now appears to be a large measure of agreement in favour of my conclusions (9, 12, 19, 21, 23, 26, 27, 35, 41, 42, 44, 48, 49). Papers 1-6 in the following list are based on work that originally formed part of a thesis presented in candidature for the degree of Ph. D. in the Faculty of Medicine, University of Sheffield. For each full paper of which 1 am a co-author an estimate of my contribution to the overall effort is given as a percentage in the list.
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Yuan, Ivan. "Generation of synthetic spindle checkpoint signals." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/22030.

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The spindle checkpoint ensures proper chromosome segregation by monitoring kinetochore-microtubule interactions: unattached kinetochores recruit checkpoint proteins that combine to form a diffusible inhibitor which delays anaphase, thus buying cells time to fix attachment errors. Although the major checkpoint proteins were identified some 25 years ago, we have only just begun to understand how they assemble at unattached kinetochores to generate the crucial checkpoint signal. Much of this can be attributed to the difficulty associated with studying these proteins at the kinetochores, which are highly complex and thus often make clean dissection of function impossible. To circumvent this problem, a synthetic version of the spindle checkpoint was engineered on an ectopic location on a chromosome arm away from kinetochores in S. pombe. This work describes how the co-targeting of only two checkpoint components, the outer kinetochore protein Spc7 and the checkpoint kinase Mph1, was found to be sufficient to successfully generate a checkpoint-dependent metaphase arrest and how this paves the way for a clearer, more joined-up understanding of how the checkpoint works.
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Holinger, Eric P. "The spindle pole body phosphoproteome and the importance of phosphorylation on the Saccharomyces cerevisiae spindle pole body." Connect to online resource, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3303825.

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Books on the topic "Spindle"

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Boyd, I. A., and M. H. Gladden, eds. The Muscle Spindle. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-07695-6.

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Chang, Paul, and Ryoma Ohi, eds. The Mitotic Spindle. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3542-0.

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ill, Honesta Kathrin, ed. Spell and Spindle. New York: Random House Children's Books, 2018.

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A, Boyd Ian, and Gladden M. H. 1940-, eds. The Muscle spindle. New York, N.Y: Stockton Press, 1985.

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Gaiman, Neil. Sleeper & The Spindle. London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2014.

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Wu, Yuhou, and Lixiu Zhang. Intelligent Motorized Spindle Technology. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3328-0.

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7

Spindle the Christmas tree & friends. Ilfracombe: Arthur H. Stockwell, 2010.

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Copyright Paperback Collection (Library of Congress), ed. A Night to Surrender. New York, USA: Avon Books, 2011.

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9

Hemsley, Sidney D. Federal courts fold, spindle, and mutilate sexual harassment. Knoxville, Tenn. (891 20th St., Knoxville 37996-4400): Municipal Technical Advisory Service, University of Tennessee, in cooperation with the Tennessee Municipal League, 1987.

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Slayton, Shonna. Spindle. Entangled Publishing, LLC, 2016.

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Book chapters on the topic "Spindle"

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Heinze, Tassilo, Hans-Joachim Koriath, and Alexander Pavlovich Kuznetsov. "Thermal Growth of Motor Spindle Units." In Lecture Notes in Production Engineering, 219–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34486-2_17.

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AbstractThe paper deals with strategies for numerical compensation of thermo-mechanical deformation of machine tool spindles and the TCP, respectively. Methods for digital modelling and simulating the temperatures and thermo-elastic deformation are presented. This is done by considering the geometry, material data, drive signals and temperature values. The topic of compensating thermo-elastic effects in spindle units is an important topic in manufacturing. Analytical equation and function block methods for measuring and predicting thermal spindle growth are compared. The heat flow model converts variable spindle load, speed, coolant and ambient temperature into local temperatures followed by elastic deformations of the spindle unit. The simulation results were verified for different types of motor spindles by experiments on a spindle test rig at SPL GmbH. A thermal stiffness value [W/µm] is characterized by the energy losses of the spindle, which result in thermal growth. Different strategies for digital reduction of a thermal spindle growth were developed.
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Brecher, Christian. "Spindle." In CIRP Encyclopedia of Production Engineering, 1–6. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35950-7_6541-4.

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Brecher, Christian. "Spindle." In CIRP Encyclopedia of Production Engineering, 1587–92. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53120-4_6541.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Spindle." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 689. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_11009.

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Brecher, Christian. "Spindle." In CIRP Encyclopedia of Production Engineering, 1128–33. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20617-7_6541.

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Mogessie, Binyam. "Visualization and Functional Analysis of Spindle Actin and Chromosome Segregation in Mammalian Oocytes." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 267–95. New York, NY: Springer US, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0219-5_17.

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Abstract Chromosome segregation is conserved throughout eukaryotes. In most systems, it is solely driven by a spindle machinery that is assembled from microtubules. We have recently discovered that actin filaments that are embedded inside meiotic spindles (spindle actin) are needed for accurate chromosome segregation in mammalian oocytes. To understand the function of spindle actin in oocyte meiosis, we have developed high-resolution and super-resolution live and immunofluorescence microscopy assays that are described in this chapter.
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Martini, Horst, Luis Montejano, and Déborah Oliveros. "Spindle Convexity." In Bodies of Constant Width, 127–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03868-7_6.

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Visintin, Rosella. "Mitotic Spindle." In Encyclopedia of Systems Biology, 1386. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9863-7_1431.

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Heppner, John B., David B. Richman, Steven E. Naranjo, Dale Habeck, Christopher Asaro, Jean-Luc Boevé, Johann Baumgärtner, et al. "Spindle-Shaped." In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 3508. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_4321.

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Weik, Martin H. "reel spindle." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 1440. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_15778.

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Conference papers on the topic "Spindle"

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Gibson, Alex O., and Jeffrey L. Stein. "Reduced Order Finite Element Modeling of Thermally Induced Bearing Loads in Machine Tool Spindles." In ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-0115.

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Abstract Machine tool spindle bearings are subjected to a large range of axial and radial loads due to the machining process. Further the rotating spindle must be extremely stiff to minimize the cutting tool’s deflection. The high spindle stiffness is achieved by applying a mechanical load to the bearings, the preload. In fixed preload spindles the bearing loads tend to increase with increasing spindle speed due to thermal expansion and it is well established that these thermally induced loads can lead to premature bearing failure. A model of thermally induced bearing load in angular contact bearing spindles is developed that includes an axis-symmetric reduced order finite element model of the heat transfer and thermal expansion within the spindle’s housing and shaft and the bearing and shaft dynamics. Nodal reduction is used in the reduced order model to minimize the number of temperature states and the computational load. The reduced order model’s calculated temperature and bearing load values are shown to closely match experimentally measured values over a wide range of spindle speeds. The paper ends with a parameter variation study which predicts a dramatic decrease in the thermally induced bearing load when silicon nitride balls are substituted for steel balls.
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Agba, Emmanuel I., and Majid Babai. "Design of Hydraulic Motor Spindle for High Speed Machining." In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-1052.

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Abstract This paper presents the design of a hydraulic motor driven spindle for the processing of metals and composite materials at high rotational speeds. Existing technologies applicable to spindles and spindle holders under severe operating conditions were reviewed. A conceptual design of the hydraulic spindle system was developed. A strong indication of distinct increase in spindle life and gains in cutting power at higher rotational speeds when compared to the conventional electric motor driven spindles underscored the need for the new spindle system.
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Gibson, Alex O., and Jeffrey L. Stein. "A Finite Element Model of Thermally Induced Angular Contact Spindle Bearing Loads." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0283.

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Abstract Thermally induced bearing loads have long been recognized as a key factor impacting the reliability and performance of machine tool spindle systems. This is particularly true for reconfigurable machine tool spindles which may experience a wide range of external loads, processes and spindle speeds. The models of thermally induced bearing load which have been developed thus far have calculated the thermal expansion of the spindle’s components using a classical solution that assumes the spindle is a circular cylinder of infinite length and that the temperature within the cylinder only varies in the radial direction. While this approach to calculating the thermal expansion provides reasonably accurate predictions of the bearing load if the thermal gradients in the axial and radial directions are small, it can result in large errors in the calculated bearing load if the thermal gradients within the spindle become large. The purpose of this paper is to present a new model of thermally induced spindle bearing load that uses a finite element model to calculate the thermal expansion of the spindle components. The model includes the thermally and mechanically induced spindle bearing loads in a back to back angular contact bearing pair that are due to radial and axial thermal expansion as well as the centrifugal forces and moments within the bearings. Simulation results are used to compare and contrast bearing load predictions that are based upon both a finite element and a classical thermal expansion calculation. The results demonstrate that the bearing load predictions based upon the classical thermal expansion calculation substantially under predict the bearing load as the heat load, due to increasing spindle speeds, is increased. As these errors in the predicted bearing load may be high enough to alter important design decisions, it is concluded that a finite element, or equivalent, thermal expansion calculation be used in future thermally induced bearing load models unless the thermal gradients within the spindle are known to be small.
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Gibson, Alex O., Jeffrey L. Stein, and Jay F. Tu. "A Thermomechanical Model of Machine Tool Spindles for Use in the Design of Reconfigurable Angular Contact Spindle Bearing Load Control Systems." In ASME 1997 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1997-1071.

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Abstract Thermally induced bearing loads have long been recognized as a key factor impacting the reliability and performance of machine tool spindle systems. This is particularly true for reconfigurable machine tool spindles which may experience a wide range of external loads, processes and spindle speeds. Recent research on a roller bearing spindle has shown that it may be possible to control these loads by controlling the temperature distribution within the spindle housing. As this research focused on thermally induced loads in roller bearings, the bearing load model used was largely limited to a radial heat transfer/thermal expansion model. The purpose of this paper is to present a first step model for developing a methodology for designing bearing load monitoring and control systems for reconfigurable angular contact bearing spindles. The proposed model focuses on the thermally and mechanically induced spindle bearing loads in a back to back angular contact bearing pair that are due to radial and axial thermal expansion as well as the centrifugal forces and moments of the bearing balls. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed model is capable of predicting the interactions between bearing loads and spindle deflections that are likely to be important in the design of future reconfigurable machine tool spindle bearing load monitoring and control systems.
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Ramasubramanian, Shankar Ganesh, Rangharajan Venkatesan, Mrigank Sharad, Kaushik Roy, and Anand Raghunathan. "SPINDLE." In ISLPED'14: International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2627369.2627625.

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Chen, Yuedong, and R. Du. "Diagnosing Spindle Defects Using 4D Holospectrum." In ASME 1996 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1996-0340.

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Abstract Spindle is one of the most commonly used mechanical devices in many industry sectors, such as large rotating machinery industry and machine tool industry. Diagnosing spindle defects, such as unbalance, misalignment, and crack, plays a very important role in reducing operation cost and maintenance cost. This paper presents a new method of diagnosing spindles using a newly developed sensor signal processing technique called four dimension (4D) holospectrum. The experiment results show that the spindle defects, including unbalance, misalignment and crack, have distinct features in the 4D holospectrum. These features have clear physical meanings and is quantitatively related to the spindle defects. Compared to the conventional spectral analysis and/or modal analysis methods, the new method is more suitable for computer automated diagnosis.
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Bossmanns, Bernd, and Jay F. Tu. "A Power Flow Model for High Speed Motorized Spindles: Heat Generation Characterization." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0284.

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Abstract Lack of a more complete understanding of the system characteristics, particularly thermal effects, severely limits the reliability of high speed spindles to support manufacturing. High speed spindles are notorious for their sudden catastrophic failures at high speeds due to thermal problems without alarming signs. In this paper, a complete power flow model is developed to characterize the power distribution of a high speed motorized spindle, in particular the characterization of the heat generation within the spindle by the built-in motor and the bearings under the influence of speed, preload, and lubrication. The model is verified with a custom-built high performance motorized spindle of 32 KW and maximum speed of 25000 rpm (1.5 million DN) using several systematic test procedures. The results reveal interesting observations of spindle beat generation due to the built-in motor and the bearings.
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Hashemi, Seyed M., Hemachandran Sambandamurthy, and Hamid Ghaemi. "Vibration Analysis of Machine Tool Spindle Systems: A Calibrated Finite Element Model." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-39547.

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The effects of spindles vibrational behavior on the stability lobes and the chatter behavior of machine tools have been established, and the service life has been observed to reduce the system natural frequencies. In this paper, a ‘calibrated’ FEM model of the spindle system, where the bearings are modeled as linear spring elements, is introduced. The numerical models of a sample spindle system are developed in ANSYS® software using BEAM188 and SOLID187 elements. COMBIN14 elements are used to model the bearings; by varying the spring constant value of these elements the spindle’s fundamental frequency is tuned to match the nominal value, also verified experimentally. The beam element-based model is observed to converge faster than the one based on solid elements. The uncalibrated frequencies resulting from latter model are also found to be lower than those obtained from the former one, which could be associated with the shear/rotary inertia effects present in the SOLID187 element.
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Gao, Siyu, Kai Cheng, and Hui Ding. "Multi-Physics Simulation Based Design and Analysis of a High Speed Aerostatic Spindle and its Performance Assessment." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-34086.

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High speed aerostatic spindles operating at a speed up to 200,000 r/min are a complex product with a multi-physics nature resulted from embedded mechanical-thermal-fluidic-electromagnetic fields. It is much needed to have a comprehensive analysis on the multi-physic interactions within a high speed aerostatic spindle, which is essential for design of the spindles working at much higher speeds and accuracy in various increasingly stringent engineering conditions. This paper presents a multi-physics integrated modelling approach for design and analysis of the high speed aerostatic spindle, including thermal, electromagnetic, mechanical and fluidic analysis models. The heat source, heat transfer mechanism and heat sinks of the spindle system are comprehensively investigated. Furthermore, air film pressure distribution is studied to lead to optimal design and analysis of loading capacity and stiffness of the aerostatic bearings. The multi-physics modelling is implemented using the CFD-FEA integrated approach and validated experimentally. It is shown that the multi-physics integrated modelling is able to simulate the performance characteristics of the spindle system accurately.
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Su, Wenjun, Shaoke Wan, and Jun Hong. "Temperature Change of Spindle Using Non-Contact Controllable Excitation and Response Measurement." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11807.

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Abstract The main error source effecting the mechanical precision of the machine spindle is the structural thermal deformation under temperature variation. So, we focused on temperature variation investigate of spindle in experiment approach. A magnetic loading device has been used for the measurement, which have a more compact stator and shorter axis length. Meanwhile, the FEM 3D analysis of the compact magnetic loader has been presented. By using this contactless loader, the temperature variation when spindles are rotating under different loads have been monitored and recorded. Experiment results show that the radial load has increased the temperature of spindle, but the higher speed directly weakened this influence. Furthermore, this experiment approach is verified and proved to be suitable for spindle tests.
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Reports on the topic "Spindle"

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Marbot, Pierre-Henry, and Blake Hannaford. The Mechanical Spindle. A Replica of the Mammalian Muscle Spindle,. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada300380.

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Simac, Dalton, Nathaniel Zollinger, and Chad Hall. LANL Spindle Test Article. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1922750.

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Hoang, Thien. Spindle Shaped Virus: Mutants and Their Infectivity. Portland State University Library, January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/honors.56.

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Matsumoto, Tomohiro. Role of the Spindle Checkpoint in Preventing Breast Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada395957.

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Prelas, M. A. Hot electron confinement in a microwave heated spindle cusp. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5003644.

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Matsumoto, Tomohiro. Role of the Spindle Checkpoint in Preventing Breast Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada407299.

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Habu, Toshiyuki, and Tomohiro Matsumoto. Role of the Spindle Checkpoint in Preventing Breast Cancers. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada384154.

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Walczak, Claire E. A Kinesin-Related Protein Required for the Mitotic Spindle Assembly. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada374004.

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Walczak, Claire E. A Kinesin-Related Protein Required for the Mitotic Spindle Assembly. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada374047.

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Kovach, J. A., and M. A. Laurich. Next generation grinding spindle for cost-effective manufacture of advanced ceramic components. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/750993.

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