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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Spinal cord computational model

Academic literature on the topic 'Spinal cord computational model'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Spinal cord computational model"

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Arle, Jeffrey E., Nicolae Iftimia, Jay L. Shils, Longzhi Mei, and Kristen W. Carlson. "Dynamic Computational Model of the Human Spinal Cord Connectome." Neural Computation 31, no. 2 (February 2019): 388–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco_a_01159.

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Connectomes abound, but few for the human spinal cord. Using anatomical data in the literature, we constructed a draft connectivity map of the human spinal cord connectome, providing a template for the many calibrations of specialized behavior to be overlaid on it and the basis for an initial computational model. A thorough literature review gleaned cell types, connectivity, and connection strength indications. Where human data were not available, we selected species that have been studied. Cadaveric spinal cord measurements, cross-sectional histology images, and cytoarchitectural data regarding cell size and density served as the starting point for estimating numbers of neurons. Simulations were run using neural circuitry simulation software. The model contains the neural circuitry in all ten Rexed laminae with intralaminar, interlaminar, and intersegmental connections, as well as ascending and descending brain connections and estimated neuron counts for various cell types in every lamina of all 31 segments. We noted the presence of highly interconnected complex networks exhibiting several orders of recurrence. The model was used to perform a detailed study of spinal cord stimulation for analgesia. This model is a starting point for workers to develop and test hypotheses across an array of biomedical applications focused on the spinal cord. Each such model requires additional calibrations to constrain its output to verifiable predictions. Future work will include simulating additional segments and expanding the research uses of the model.

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Shevtsova, Natalia A., Erik Z. Li, Shayna Singh, Kimberly J. Dougherty, and Ilya A. Rybak. "Ipsilateral and Contralateral Interactions in Spinal Locomotor Circuits Mediated by V1 Neurons: Insights from Computational Modeling." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 10 (May 16, 2022): 5541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23105541.

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We describe and analyze a computational model of neural circuits in the mammalian spinal cord responsible for generating and shaping locomotor-like oscillations. The model represents interacting populations of spinal neurons, including the neurons that were genetically identified and characterized in a series of previous experimental studies. Here, we specifically focus on the ipsilaterally projecting V1 interneurons, their possible role in the spinal locomotor circuitry, and their involvement in the generation of locomotor oscillations. The proposed connections of these neurons and their involvement in different neuronal pathways in the spinal cord allow the model to reproduce the results of optogenetic manipulations of these neurons under different experimental conditions. We suggest the existence of two distinct populations of V1 interneurons mediating different ipsilateral and contralateral interactions within the spinal cord. The model proposes explanations for multiple experimental data concerning the effects of optogenetic silencing and activation of V1 interneurons on the frequency of locomotor oscillations in the intact cord and hemicord under different experimental conditions. Our simulations provide an important insight into the organization of locomotor circuitry in the mammalian spinal cord.

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Jérusalem, Antoine, Julián A. García-Grajales, Angel Merchán-Pérez, and José M. Peña. "A computational model coupling mechanics and electrophysiology in spinal cord injury." Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology 13, no. 4 (December 12, 2013): 883–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10237-013-0543-7.

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Lempka, Scott F., Cameron C. McIntyre, Kevin L. Kilgore, and Andre G. Machado. "Computational Analysis of Kilohertz Frequency Spinal Cord Stimulation for Chronic Pain Management." Anesthesiology 122, no. 6 (June 1, 2015): 1362–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000000649.

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Abstract Background: Kilohertz frequency spinal cord stimulation (KHFSCS) is an emerging therapy for treating refractory neuropathic pain. Although KHFSCS has the potential to improve the lives of patients experiencing debilitating pain, its mechanisms of action are unknown and thus it is difficult to optimize its development. Therefore, the goal of this study was to use a computer model to investigate the direct effects of KHFSCS on specific neural elements of the spinal cord. Methods: This computer model consisted of two main components: (1) finite element models of the electric field generated by KHFSCS and (2) multicompartment cable models of axons in the spinal cord. Model analysis permitted systematic investigation into a number of variables (e.g., dorsal cerebrospinal fluid thickness, lead location, fiber collateralization, and fiber size) and their corresponding effects on excitation and conduction block thresholds during KHFSCS. Results: The results of this study suggest that direct excitation of large-diameter dorsal column or dorsal root fibers require high stimulation amplitudes that are at the upper end or outside of the range used in clinical KHFSCS (i.e., 0.5 to 5 mA). Conduction block was only possible within the clinical range for a thin dorsal cerebrospinal fluid layer. Conclusions: These results suggest that clinical KHFSCS may not function through direct activation or conduction block of dorsal column or dorsal root fibers. Although these results should be validated with further studies, the authors propose that additional concepts and/or alternative hypotheses should be considered when examining the pain relief mechanisms of KHFSCS.

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Endo, Toshiki, Yushi Fujii, Shin-ichiro Sugiyama, Rong Zhang, Shogo Ogita, Kenichi Funamoto, Ryuta Saito, and Teiji Tominaga. "Properties of convective delivery in spinal cord gray matter: laboratory investigation and computational simulations." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 24, no. 2 (February 2016): 359–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2015.5.spine141148.

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OBJECT Convection-enhanced delivery (CED) is a method for distributing small and large molecules locally into the interstitial space of the spinal cord. Delivering these molecules to the spinal cord is otherwise difficult due to the blood-spinal cord barrier. Previous research has proven the efficacy of CED for delivering molecules over long distances along the white matter tracts in the spinal cord. Conversely, the characteristics of CED for delivering molecules to the gray matter of the spinal cord remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to reveal regional distribution of macromolecules in the gray and white matter of the spinal cord with special attention to the differences between the gray and white matter. METHODS Sixteen rats (F344) underwent Evans blue dye CED to either the white matter (dorsal column, 8 rats) or the gray matter (ventral horn, 8 rats) of the spinal cord. The rates and total volumes of infusion were 0.2 μl/min and 2.0 μl, respectively. The infused volume of distribution was visualized and quantified histologically. Computational models of the rat spinal cord were also obtained to perform CED simulations in the white and gray matter. RESULTS The ratio of the volume of distribution to the volume of infusion in the gray matter of the spinal cord was 3.60 ± 0.69, which was comparable to that of the white matter (3.05 ± 0.88). When molecules were injected into the white matter, drugs remained in the white matter tract and rarely infused into the adjacent gray matter. Conversely, when drugs were injected into the gray matter, they infiltrated laterally into the white matter tract and traveled longitudinally and preferably along the white matter. In the infusion center, the areas were larger in the gray matter CED than in the white matter (Mann-Whitney U-test, p < 0.01). In computational simulations, the aforementioned characteristics of CED to the gray and white matter were reaffirmed. CONCLUSIONS In the spinal cord, the gray and white matter have distinct characteristics of drug distribution by CED. These differences between the gray and white matter should be taken into account when considering drug delivery to the spinal cord. Computational simulation is a useful tool for predicting drug distributions in the normal spinal cord.

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Pithapuram, Madhav Vinodh, and Mohan Raghavan. "Automatic rule-based generation of spinal cord connectome model for a neuro-musculoskeletal limb in-silico." IOP SciNotes 3, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 014001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2633-1357/ac585e.

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Abstract Studying spinal interactions with muscles has been of great importance for over a century. However, with surging spinal-related movement pathologies, the need for computational models to study spinal pathways is increasing. Although spinal cord connectome models have been developed, anatomically relevant spinal neuromotor models are rare. However, building and maintaining such models is time-consuming. In this study, the concept of the rule-based generation of a spinal connectome was introduced and lumbosacral connectome generation was demonstrated as an example. Furthermore, the rule-based autogenerated connectome models were synchronized with lower-limb musculoskeletal models to create an in-silico testbed. Using this setup, the role of the autogenic Ia-excitatory pathway in controlling the ankle angle was tested.

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Solanes, Carmen, Jose L. Durá, M. Ángeles Canós, Jose De Andrés, Luis Martí-Bonmatí, and Javier Saiz. "3D patient-specific spinal cord computational model for SCS management: potential clinical applications." Journal of Neural Engineering 18, no. 3 (March 16, 2021): 036017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-2552/abe44f.

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Sarntinoranont, Malisa, Rupak K. Banerjee, Russell R. Lonser, and Paul F. Morrison. "A Computational Model of Direct Interstitial Infusion of Macromolecules into the Spinal Cord." Annals of Biomedical Engineering 31, no. 4 (April 2003): 448–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1114/1.1558032.

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Sarntinoranont, Malisa, Xiaoming Chen, Jianbing Zhao, and Thomas H. Mareci. "Computational Model of Interstitial Transport in the Spinal Cord using Diffusion Tensor Imaging." Annals of Biomedical Engineering 34, no. 8 (July 11, 2006): 1304–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10439-006-9135-3.

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Persson, Cecilia, Jon Summers, and Richard M. Hall. "The Effect of Cerebrospinal Fluid Thickness on Traumatic Spinal Cord Deformation." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 27, no. 4 (November 2011): 330–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.27.4.330.

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A spinal cord injury may lead to loss of motor and sensory function and even death. The biomechanics of the injury process have been found to be important to the neurological damage pattern, and some studies have found a protective effect of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). However, the effect of the CSF thickness on the cord deformation and, hence, the resulting injury has not been previously investigated. In this study, the effects of natural variability (in bovine) as well as the difference between bovine and human spinal canal dimensions on spinal cord deformation were studied using a previously validated computational model. Owing to the pronounced effect that the CSF thickness was found to have on the biomechanics of the cord deformation, it can be concluded that results from animal models may be affected by the disparities in the CSF layer thickness as well as by any difference in the biological responses they may have compared with those of humans.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Spinal cord computational model"

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Altas, Melanie. "Spinal cord transplants in a rat model of spinal cord injury." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0021/MQ49305.pdf.

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Bhatnagar, Timothy. "Quantification of morphological changes of the cervical spinal cord during traumatic spinal cord injury in a rodent model." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/52175.

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Traumatic spinal cord injury initiates a complex pathophysiological process that eventually manifests as persistent tissue damage and possible permanent loss of neurologic function. Current experimental models are limited to measuring the gross mechanical response of the spinal cord during injury; thus, little is known about how the internal tissues of the spinal cord deform during injury. The general aims of this research were to develop a method to observe the internal deformations of the in vivo rat spinal cord during clinically-relevant injury models and to determine if the patterns of deformation were correlated to tissue damage manifesting after the injury. To facilitate this work, a novel apparatus and a number of novel methods were developed. First, an apparatus that was capable of inducing contusion and dislocation spinal cord injuries in an in vivo rat model, inside of an MR scanner, was developed. The reported contusion and dislocation injury speeds were comparable with existing spinal cord injury devices, and contusion injury magnitudes showed good accuracy and precision. The device facilitated direct observation and differentiation of the morphological change of the spinal cord tissues during injury. The three-dimensional tissue motion was quantified using a state-of-the-art deformable image registration algorithm that produced displacement fields throughout the volume of the spinal cord around the site of the injury. Furthermore, the image registration methods were validated against a gold-standard. The displacement fields were used to generate transverse-plane mechanical finite strain fields in the spinal cord and the contusion and dislocation injury mechanisms produced distinctly different patterns of tissue deformation in the spinal cord. Lastly, the relationship between mechanical strain and the ensuing tissue damage was investigated in the ventral horns of the gray matter of the spinal cord. This work suggests that compressive strain contributes to the tissue damage in the ventral horns of the gray matter. However, the most important conclusion from this work is that internal observation of the spinal cord tissue during injury provides an invaluable experimental data set that can be used to improve our understanding of the relationship between deformation during injury and manifestation of damage.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Mechanical Engineering, Department of
Graduate

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Fukuda, Seijun. "New canine spinal cord injury model free from laminectomy." Kyoto University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/135626.

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Lucas, Erin. "Measuring in vivo internal spinal cord deformations during experimental spinal cord injury using a rat model, radiography, and fiducial markers." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27808.

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Spinal cord injuries (SCIs) are commonly studied experimentally by causing injury to rodent spinal cords in vivo and analyzing behavioral and histological results post injury. Few researchers have directly investigated the deformation of the in vivo spinal cord during impact, which is thought to be a predictor of injury. This knowledge would help to establish correlations among impact parameters, internal structure deformation, and histological and functional outcomes. The objective of this thesis was to develop a radiographic method of tracking the real-time internal deformations of an anesthetized rat‘s spinal cord during a typical experimental SCI. A technique was developed for injecting fiducial markers into the dorsal and ventral white and grey matter of in vivo rat spinal cords. Two radio-opaque beads were injected into C5/6 in the approximate location of the dorsal and ventral white matter. Four additional beads were glued to the surface of the cord caudal and cranial to the injection site (one dorsal, one ventral). Overall bead displacement was measured during quasi-static compression using standard medical x-ray equipment. Dynamic bead displacement was tracked during a dorsal impact (130mm/s, 1mm depth) by imaging laterally at 3,000 fps using a custom high-speed x-ray system. The internal spinal cord beads displaced 1.02-1.7 times more than the surface beads in the cranial direction and 2.5-11 times more in the ventral direction for the dynamic impact and maximum quasi-static compressions. The dorsal spinal cord beads (internal and surface) displaced more than the ventral spinal cord beads during all compressions. Finite element modeling and experimental measurements suggested that bead migration with respect to the spinal cord tissue was small and mostly insignificant. These results support the merit of this technique for measuring in vivo spinal cord deformation. The differences in bead displacements imply that the spinal cord undergoes complex internal and surface deformations during impact. Many applications of this technique are conceivable including validating finite element and surrogate models of the spinal cord, comparing localized grey and white matter motion during impact to histological findings, and improving SCI preventative and treatment measures.

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Prince, Karen. "The computational modelling of the spinal cord neurons involved in the pain process." Thesis, University of Northampton, 2006. http://nectar.northampton.ac.uk/2696/.

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Pain is a personal subjective experience with physiological and psychological components and involves many complex processes. In 1965 Melzack and Wall proposed the influential gate control theory (GCT) of pain and, in general, this has been supported by subsequent research. This theory postulates that cells in the substantia gelatinosa, located within the spinal cord, act like a gate mechanism that modulates the flow of information through the spinal cord to the brain and thus impacts on the pain experience. The abundance of literature and experimental data that is available from pain research supports the development and testing of computational models for the simulation and exploration of the pain process. Despite the fact that pain is an ideal candidate for modeling, it is an area that has received little attention. One of the few published models (Britton and Skevington, 1989; Britton et al., 1996) translated the explicitness of the GCT and its well-defined architecture into a basic mathematical model. The aim of this research is to develop a biologically appropriate computational model of pain, capable of modelling both acute and chronic pain states, and describe applications and simulations appropriate to such a model. Therefore this research firstly replicates a mathematical model of pain (Britton and Skevington, 1989; Britton et al., 1996) to explore its adequacy and to assess its potential for further development. The original model is then developed and extended to produce a more biologically plausible representation of the pain processes involved in the Gate Control mechanism. The improvements in the computational model have enabled a clinically plausible simulation of a pain modulatory technique, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), which validates the model’s representation of the GCT and provides insight into how pain modulation can occur. Other developments to this model show its unique ability to represent symptoms of chronic pain, such as allodynia and hyperalgesia, which are associated with pathological pain states developed through the loss of inhibition and glial cell activation

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Sowd, Matthew Michael. "Analyzing Non-Unique Parameters in a Cat Spinal Cord Motoneuron Model." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11545.

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When modeling a neuron, modelers often focus on the values of parameters that produce a desired output. However, if these parameters are not unique, there could be a number of parameter sets that produce the same output. Thus, even though the values of the various maximum conductances, half activation voltages and so on differ, as a set they can produce the same spike height, firing rates, and so forth. To examine whether or not parameter sets are unique, a 3-compartment motoneuron model was created that has 15 target outputs and 59 parameters. Using parameter searches, over one hundred parameter sets were created for this model that produced the same output (within tolerances). Parameter values vary between parameter sets and indicate that the parameter values are not unique. In addition, some parameters are more tightly constrained than others. Principal component analysis is used to examine the dimensionality of the input and output spaces. However, neurons are more than static output generators. For example, a variety of neuromodulatory influences are known to shift parameter values to alter neuronal output. Thus the question arises as to whether this non-uniqueness extends from model outputs to the models sensitivities to its parameters. In this work, the non-unique parameter sets are further analyzed using sensitivity analyses and output correlations to show that these values vary significantly between these parameter sets. Therefore, each of these models will react to parameter variation differently. This work concludes that parameter sets are non-unique but have varying sensitivity analyses and output correlations. The ramifications of this are discussed for both modelers and neuroscientists.

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Rogers, A. T. "Spinal cord cell culture : a model for neuronal development and disease." Thesis, University of Bath, 1988. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234048.

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Chen, Hsiao-Yu. "Developing a model of spinal cord injury rehabilitation nursing using grounded theory." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.413285.

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Corkill, Dominic John. "Endothelin-1 induced focal ischaemia : a novel model of spinal cord injury." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.397757.

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Goode, Stephen Thomas. "Development of a spinal cord injury model using the material point method." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/17561/.

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Spinal cord injury (SCI) is characterised by permanent loss of motor and sensory function. The primary damage from the initial mechanical insult is exacerbated by the secondary patho-physiological cascade. Research into neuroprotective interventions to preserve tissue and reduce the damage caused by the secondary injury is hampered, in part, due to a lack of understanding of the link between the biomechanics of the primary traumatic injury and the subsequent evolution of the secondary injury. Hence, there is a need to better understand the biomechanics of SCI, the distinct injury patterns produced, and how these affect the evolution of the secondary cascade. Computational models using ﬁnite element methods (FEM) have been established as a useful tool for investigating SCI biomechanics. These may be used to obtain data that is difﬁcult or impossible to capture through in vivo and in vitro experiments, in particular; stress and strain ﬁelds within the neural tissue. However, the complexity of these models is limited by difﬁculties. These include: problems coping with large deformations over short periods of time due to mesh tangling, difﬁculties in incorporating the ﬂuid structure interactions, and scalability issues when attempting to make use of high performance computing facilities, utilising large numbers of processors. This work has involved the creation of a computational spinal cord injury using the Material Point Method (MPM) and MPMICE (MPM for Implicit, Continuous Fluid, Eulerian), alternative computational methods that overcome these limitations. The model incorporates the neural spinal cord tissue, the dura mater, and the cerebrospinal ﬂuid. This model has been validated against equivalent experimental and FEM results. MPM/MPMICE was found to be a viable alternative to FEM for modelling SCI computationally, with the potential to enable more complex and anatomically detailed models through the utilisation of increased parallel computation.

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Books on the topic "Spinal cord computational model"

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National Consensus Conference on Catastrophic Illness and Injury (1989 Atlanta, Ga.). Spinal cord injury: The model. [S.l: s.n.], 1990.

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Chen, Hsiao-Yu. Developing a model of spinal cord injury rehabilitation nursing using Grounded Theoryy. [S.l: The Author], 2004.

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Joshi, Mital. Development and characterization of a graded, in vivo, compressive, murine model of spinal cord injury. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 2000.

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Scheumann, Johannes. Staged approach prevents spinal cord injury in hybrid surgical-endovascular thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair: An experimental model. [S.l: s.n.], 2014.

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Taehakkyo, Yŏnse. Noe, ch'ŏksu sonsang model esŏ chungch'u sin'gyŏng chaesaeng ŭl wihan chulgi sep'o rŭl iyong han tamyŏnjŏk ch'iryo kisul ŭi kaebal =: The multidisciplinary therapeutic strategies for CNS regeneration with stem cell transplantation in brain and spinal cord injury model. [Seoul]: Pogŏn Pokchibu, 2007.

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Takao, Kumazawa, Kruger Lawrence, and Mizumura Kazue, eds. The polymodal receptor: A gateway to pathological pain. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1996.

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Becker, Catherina G., and Thomas Becker, eds. Model Organisms in Spinal Cord Regeneration. Wiley, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527610365.

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Model organisms in spinal cord regeneration. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2007.

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(Editor), Catherina G. Becker, and Thomas Becker (Editor), eds. Model Organisms in Spinal Cord Regeneration. Wiley-VCH, 2007.

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Becker, Thomas, and Catherina G. Becker. Model Organisms in Spinal Cord Regeneration. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Spinal cord computational model"

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Loeb, Gerald E. "Spinal Cord, Integrated (Non CPG) Models of." In Encyclopedia of Computational Neuroscience, 2835–46. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6675-8_648.

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Loeb, Gerald E. "Spinal Cord, Integrated (Non CPG) Models of." In Encyclopedia of Computational Neuroscience, 1–13. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7320-6_648-1.

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Danner, Simon M., Ursula S. Hofstötter, and Karen Minassian. "Finite Element Models of Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation." In Encyclopedia of Computational Neuroscience, 1197–202. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6675-8_604.

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Minassian, Karen, Ursula S. Hofstoetter, and Simon M. Danner. "Finite Element Models of Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation." In Encyclopedia of Computational Neuroscience, 1–6. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7320-6_604-3.

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Danner, Simon M., Ursula S. Hofstoetter, and Karen Minassian. "Finite Element Models of Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation." In Encyclopedia of Computational Neuroscience, 1–6. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7320-6_604-4.

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Tan, Daniel, Stuart I. Hodgetts, Sarah Dunlop, Karol Miller, Koshiro Ono, and Adam Wittek. "Computational Biomechanics Model for Analysis of Cervical Spinal Cord Deformations Under Whiplash-Type Loading." In Computational Biomechanics for Medicine, 45–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70123-9_4.

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Greiner, Nathan, and Marco Capogrosso. "Anatomically Realistic Computational Model to Assess the Specificity of Epidural Electrical Stimulation of the Cervical Spinal Cord." In Converging Clinical and Engineering Research on Neurorehabilitation III, 44–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01845-0_9.

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Young, Wise. "MASCIS Spinal Cord Contusion Model." In Springer Protocols Handbooks, 411–21. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-185-1_35.

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Brewer, Kori L., and Robert P. Yezierski. "Spinal Cord Injury, Excitotoxic Model." In Encyclopedia of Pain, 3565–78. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28753-4_4117.

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Light, Alan R., and Charles J. Vierck. "Spinal Cord Injury Pain Model, Cordotomy Model." In Encyclopedia of Pain, 3554–58. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28753-4_4113.

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Conference papers on the topic "Spinal cord computational model"

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Miranda, Pedro C., Ricardo Salvador, Cornelia Wenger, and Sofia R. Fernandes. "Computational models of non-invasive brain and spinal cord stimulation." In 2016 38th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2016.7592207.

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Balaguer, Josep-Maria, and Marco Capogrosso. "A Computational Model of the Interaction Between Residual Cortico-Spinal Inputs and Spinal Cord Stimulation After Paralysis." In 2021 10th International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering (NER). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ner49283.2021.9441219.

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Kim, Jung Hwan, Xiaoming Chen, Garrett W. Astary, Thomas H. Mareci, and Malisa Sarntinoranont. "Computational Model of Direct Injection Into the Spinal Cord Using in Vivo Diffusion Tensor Imaging." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-193114.

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Local infusion, i.e., convection-enhanced delivery (CED), is increasingly being considered as a means to deliver therapeutic agents to nervous tissues. These infusion techniques bypass the blood-brain barrier and overcome problems associated with slow diffusion [1, 2]. Predictive models of extracellular fluid flow and transport during and following CED would be useful in treatment optimization and planning. To account for large infusion volumes, such infusion models should incorporate tissue boundaries and anisotropic tissue properties.

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Sullivan, Sarah R., Noshir A. Langrana, and Sue Ann Sisto. "Multibody Computational Biomechanical Model of the Upper Body." In ASME 2005 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2005-84809.

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In the United States alone, more than 10,000 spinal cord injuries (SCI) are reported each year. This population depends upon their upper limbs to provide a means of locomotion during completion of their activities of daily living. As a result of greater than normal usage of the upper limbs, proper propulsion mechanics are paramount in preventing injuries. Upper limb pain and pathology is common among manual wheelchair users due to the requirements placed on the arms for wheelchair locomotion. During the wheelchair rehabilitation process following an SCI, an individual is prescribed a wheelchair (WC). The use of a patient-specific computational biomechanical model of WC propulsion may help guide rehabilitation that may improve clinical instruction and patient performance. The overall goal of this study is to develop and refine a computational model that may aide in minimizing shoulder pathology.

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Kim, Jung Hwan, Garrett W. Astary, Thomas H. Mareci, and Malisa Sarntinoranont. "A Computational Model of Direct Infusion Into the Rat Brain: Corpus Callosum and Hippocampus." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-205945.

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Despite the high therapeutic potential of many macromolecular drugs, it has proven difficult to apply them to treatment of cancer and other degenerative diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) due to low capillary permeability and low diffusivity. To overcome these barriers, recent experimental studies have shown local infusion, i.e., convection-enhanced delivery (CED), to be a promising delivery technique in the brain and spinal cord [1–3]. Predictive models of extracellular fluid flow and transport during CED would be useful for treatment optimization and planning.

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Fang, Xiaoqi, Scott Collins, Ameya C. Nanivadekar, Maria Jantz, Robert A. Gaunt, and Marco Capogrosso. "An Open-source Computational Model of Neurostimulation of the Spinal Pudendo-Vesical Reflex for the Recovery of Bladder Control After Spinal Cord Injury." In 2022 44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc48229.2022.9871195.

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Roldán, Alejandro, Victor Haughton, Tim Osswald, and Naomi Chesler. "Computational Analysis of Cerebrospinal Fluid Flow in the Normal and Obstructed Subarachnoid Space." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192762.

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Patients with Chiari I malformations have increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) velocities compared to subjects without the malformation. Improved methods of analyzing the CSF fluid dynamics are needed to evaluate the impact of increased fluid velocities on pressure differentials in the upper cervical spinal canal and the potential impact of surgery on flow dynamics in patient-specific geometries. Here, a numerical technique based on the boundary elements method (BEM) for modeling the CSF flow within the spinal canal is presented. Results for velocity and pressure throughout the spinal canal were obtained at flow rates representative of different phases of the cardiac cycle for a healthy geometry and a Chiari model. In the healthy geometry, peak CSF velocities occurred anterolateral to the spinal cord at all flow rates. Partially obstructing the subarachnoid space increased peak systolic and diastolic velocities and shear stresses anteriorly. In addition, in the obstructed (Chiari) model, stagnation regions were evident posteriorly. The effects of surgical treatment on these CSF flow patterns warrant further study.

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Kim, Jung Hwan, Thomas H. Mareci, and Malisa Sarntinoranont. "Computational Model of Interstitial Transport in the Rat Brain Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging." In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-176633.

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In spite of the high therapeutic potential of macromolecular drugs, it has proven difficult to apply them to recovery after injury and treatment of cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and other neurodegenerative diseases. One barrier to systemic administration is low capillary permeability, i.e., the blood-brain and blood-spinal cord barrier. To overcome this barrier, convection-enhanced delivery (CED) infuses agents directly into tissue to supplement diffusion and increase the distribution of large molecules in the brain [1,2]. Predictive models of distribution during CED would be useful in treatment optimization and planning. To account for large infusion volumes, such models should incorporate tissue boundaries and anisotropic tissue properties.

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Ramo, Nicole L., Snehal S. Shetye, and Christian M. Puttlitz. "Damage Accumulation Modeling and Rate Dependency of Spinal Dura Mater." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-71007.

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As the strongest of the meningeal tissues, the spinal dura mater plays an important role in the overall behavior of the spinal cord-meningeal complex (SCM). It follows that the accumulation of damage affects the dura mater’s ability to protect the cord from excessive mechanical loads. Unfortunately, current computational investigations of spinal cord injury etiology typically do not include post-yield behavior. Therefore, a more detailed description of the material behavior of the spinal dura mater, including characterization of damage accumulation, is required to comprehensively study spinal cord injuries. Continuum mechanics-based viscoelastic damage theories have been previously applied to other biological tissues, however the current work is the first to report damage accumulation modeling in a SCM tissue. Longitudinal samples of ovine cervical dura mater were tensioned-to-failure at one of three strain rates (quasi-static, 0.05/sec, and 0.3/sec). The resulting stress-strain data were fit to a hyperelastic continuum damage model to characterize the strain-rate dependent sub-failure and failure behavior. The results show that the damage behavior of the fibrous and matrix components of the dura mater are strain-rate dependent, with distinct behaviors when exposed to strain-rates above that experienced during normal voluntary neck motion suggesting the possible existence of a protective mechanism.

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Chen, Xiaoming, Garrett W. Astary, Thomas H. Mareci, and Malisa Sarntinoranont. "In Vivo Characterization of Transport Anisotropy in Rat Spinal Cord Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192898.

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Biotransport in nervous tissues is complicated by the existence of neural fibers. These axonal fibers result in inhomogeneous and anisotropic extracellular transport, which complicates the prediction of local drug delivery such as convection-enhanced delivery [1]. Previous studies by our group [4] have shown that by using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) [2, 3], anisotropic transport in rat spinal cord can be modeled using computational models, and consequently extracellular flows which influence drug transport can be well predicted. In previous studies, DTI-based models used data from an excised and fixed rat spinal cord. In the current study, we extend our DTI study to in vivo measures, and report the in vivo characterization of transport anisotropy in rat spinal cord. The MR imaging method is presented and the DTI data is discussed.

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Reports on the topic "Spinal cord computational model"

1

Floyd, Candance. Effect of Antidepressant Therapy on Psychological Health, Rehabilitation, Plasticity, and Functional Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury in a Rodent Model. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada555211.

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Qin, Weiping. Anabolic Steroids as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy for the Prevention of Bone Loss after Spinal Cord Injury: Animal Model and Molecular Mechanism. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada591955.

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