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Journal articles on the topic 'Spina bifida'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 27 July 2024

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1

Rahmad, Syntha Novianti, Andrea Valentino, and Huriatul Masdar. "Gambaran Kasus Spina Bifida di RSUD Arifin Achmad Provinsi Riau Periode 2015-2017." Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran (Journal of Medical Science) 14, no. 1 (January 7, 2021): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.26891/jik.v14i1.2020.52-58.

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Spina bifida is a fault in the development of spine and the bones around until it leaves gap or defect in the spine. About 36 cases of spina bifida were involved in this research. The characteristis of spina bifida patients, mostly occurs at the patients at the age of > 28 days (83,3%). Most of them were male (52,8%). The most frequent spina bifida patients were the second child (44,4%) and location where spina bifida occurs were at the lumbosakral (72,2%). Classified into spina bifida aperta type (86,1%). The highest age of patients’ mother suffering from spina bifida was at the age of 20-40 (80,6%). In general, rupture didn’t occur on spina bifida patients (94.4%). The weight of spina bifida patients were between 2.500-4.000 gr (94,4%) and they didn’t have other congenital abnormalities (47,2%). The most gestational age of spina bifida patients’ mothers when giving birth were, is at 28-40 weeks (94.4%).
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2

Faesal Atsani, Genta, Zanetha Mauly Ilawanda, and Ilma Fahira Basyir. "Mengenal Spina Bifida dan Pencegahannya." Jurnal Syntax Fusion 1, no. 12 (December 20, 2021): 896–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.54543/fusion.v1i12.119.

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Neural tube defects (NTD) are one of the birth defects or congenital abnormalities that occur in the brain and spine, and commonly find in newborns worldwide. Anencephaly and spina bifida are the two prevalent forms of NTD. The incidence of spina bifida happen on average 1 in 1000 cases of birth worldwide and there are 140,000 cases per year worldwide. Source searches were carried out on the online portal of journal publications as many as 20 sources from MedScape, Google Scholar and the Nation Center for Biotechnology Information / NCBI with the keywords “Neural tube defects (NTD), prevention, and spina bifida”. Spina bifida is a congenital abnormality that occurs in the womb due to a failure of closing process the neural tube during the first few weeks of embryonic development which causes the spine not completely close around the developing spinal cord nerves. NTD can ensue multifactorial conditions such as genetic, environmental, and folate deficiency. The use of folic acid supplementation starting at least 3 months before pregnancy, those are 400 mcg (0.4 mg) per day and 800 mcg per day during pregnancy can reduce the risk of developing neural tube defects such as spina bifida. Generally, spina bifida is undertaking by surgery and the regulation of patients comorbid. Public can find out prevention to avoid or reduce the risk of spina bifida so that the incidence of spina bifida can decrease along with the increasing awareness of the community regarding this disease.
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3

Orsini, Marco, Antônio Marcos da Silva Catharino, Valéria Camargo Silveira, Carlos Henrique Melo Reis, Marcos RG de Freitas, Wladimir Bocca Vieira de Rezende Pinto, and Acary Souza Bulle Oliveira. "From the diagnosis of a probable post-polio syndrome to spina bifida: A case report of a 49-year-old man." International Journal of Case Reports and Images 13, no. 2 (September 8, 2022): 98–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5348/101335z01mo2022cr.

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Introduction: Post-polio syndrome is defined as a specific clinical condition that affects individuals previously affected by acute anterior poliomyelitis and, undoubtedly, is an exclusion diagnosis. Among the range of differential diagnoses, spina bifida may be one of them. Spina bifida is a condition that affects the spine and is usually apparent at birth. It is a type of neural tube defect (NTD) and can happen anywhere along the spine if the neural tube does not close all the way. When the neural tube doesn’t close all the way, the backbone that protects the spinal cord doesn’t form and close as it should. This often results in damage to the spinal cord and peripheral nerves. Case Report: We report the case of a patient, male, 49 years old, with an alleged diagnosis of post-poliomyelitis syndrome (PPS) for benefit renewal due to permanent and disabling motor disability. After a thorough clinical history and neurological evaluation, in addition to the characteristic findings of spina bifida: bilateral pes cavus, fecal and urinary incontinence, surgical incision in the lumbar region, genu varus, amyotrophyparesis in lower limbs and abolition of bilateral Achilles reflexes, spina bifida diagnoses was considered. Conclusion: This article presents some “clinical pearls” in the differential diagnoses of spinal cord diseases. The possibility of PPS was excluded and the application for the benefit for spina bifida was redone. In addition to the post-history diagnoses determined by the diagnosis of diagnostic syndrome (that were not scored by our patient), the sum of the clinical history, the neurological examination and anchored spine in the image by revisions, were the foundation for the diagnosis of the bifida spina.
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4

Arvindbhai Patel, Avniben, Sneha Kumar, and Sucheta Chaudhary. "INCOMPLETE SACRAL SPINA BIFIDA: A CASE REPORT." International Journal of Advanced Research 11, no. 11 (November 30, 2023): 276–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/17824.

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Spina Bifida is a developmental defect of vertebral column, when their laminae are not fused and unable to cover the spinal cord dorsally. Eventually, the vertebrae possess bifid spines. Closure of sacral spinal canal is most variable in human anatomy.
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5

Khudyakova, N. V., I. Yu Pchelin, A. N. Shishkin, N. V. Ivanov, V. V. Smirnov, and V. M. Vasilkova. "UROLOGICAL PATHOLOGY IN PATIENTS WITH SPINA BIFIDA: A REVIEW." Juvenis Scientia 8, no. 5 (2022): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.32415/jscientia_2022_8_5_5-15.

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Spina bifida is a developmental defect of the spinal cord and / or spine that results from abnormal closure of the embryonic neural tube. Many factors have been described to determine the risks of developing this pathology, but the incidence of the defect is still high. 61 % of patients with Spina bifida have neurogenic bladder dysfunction based on intravesical hypertension, which contributes to reverse urethral flow and bladder-uretero-renal reflux associated with chronic inflammatory and obstructive urinary tract disease. In 25-50 % of patients with Spina bifida, urological pathology is complicated by the development of chronic kidney disease, which significantly reduces the quality of life of these patients. In some types of Spina bifida, urological symptoms may be prominent or even isolated and may indicate the presence of the malformation. Therefore, early diagnosis of Spina bifida and timely prophylactic and therapeutic measures are of particular importance.
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6

Iqbal, Muhammad Arslan, Muhammad Zohaib Chaudhary, Muhammad Waseem Abbas, Faiza Maqsood, Fiza Fatima, and Muhammad Nouman Iqbal. "SPINA BIFIDA;." Professional Medical Journal 23, no. 08 (August 10, 2016): 893–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2016.23.08.1659.

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Spina Bifida (SB) is a neural tube defect (NTD) due defect in neural tube,characterized by incomplete closure of spinal column. Occurrence of SB varies in differentcountries. In developed countries, it is about 0.4 per 1000 births, in US 0.7 per 1000 births and inAsia 1.9 per 1000 births. SB mostly occurs during first trimester of pregnancy. Variants of SB areSpina bifida Occulata, Spina bifida Cystica [meningocele and myelomeningocele], Spina bifidaManifesta and Spina bifida Aperta. Among these myelomeningocele is the most common type.Causing agents of SB may be genetic, non-genetic or environmental factors. Non-genetic factorsinvolve anti-convulsant drugs, anti-epileptic drugs, maternal obesity, maternal diabetes andpoor nutritional status (folate and vitamin B12 deficiency). Environmental factors are pesticides,nitrated compounds and air pollution. Common manifestations are brain malformations (ArnoldChiari II malformation and hydrocephalus), spinal cord abnormalities, latex allergy, breathingproblems, urological abnormalities and cardio-metabolic dysfunction. Diagnostic techniquesfor Spina bifida are ultrasound screening, Magnetic Resonance Imagining (MRI), amniocentesisand maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein. To prevent the risk of Spina bifida, it is recommended forthe mother to use 0.4mg of folic acid per day or in mothers affected with multiple pregnanciesrecommended dose of folic acid is 4mg per day.
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7

Tamas-Csaba, Sipos, Denes Lorand, Brinzaniuc Klara, Sipos Remus Sebastian, Raduly Gergo, and Pap Zsuzsanna. "Study of Spina Bifida Occulta Based on Age, Sex and Localization." ARS Medica Tomitana 25, no. 3 (August 1, 2019): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/arsm-2019-0020.

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Abstract Introduction: Spina bifida is a spine malformation that appears as an incomplete closure of the spine during development. Most frequently it involves lumbosacral vertebrae. There are two types of spina bifida: spina bifida aperta and spina bifida occulta. In most of the cases spina bifida occulta is asymptomatic, and it is identified by accident. Objectives: the aim of this study was to correlate localization of spina bifida occulta with age and sex of the patients. Materials and methods: Between July 2017 and January 2019 there have been 108 patients diagnosed with spina bifida occulta at the Radiology Department of Dora Medicals Tîrgu Mureș. The diagnoses were based on thoracolumbar spine x-ray, pelvic x-ray and chest x-ray studies requested by specialist physicians. Radiologic diagnosis was followed by data processing and statistical analysis. Results: In 81% of the cases the lesion was localized to vertebra S1, and in 15% to vertebra L5; we identified other five cases of rare localizations: C7- T1- T2, T1, T2, S2. This lesion was diagnosed most frequently at ages from 11 to 15 years (44.4%). Spina bifida localized to L5 was more frequent in males (11/16, 68.7%). Cases localized to S1 were more frequent in females (60/88, 68.1%). All spina bifida cases in females localized to vertebra L5 were diagnosed before 20 years of age. Conclusions: Our results partially correspond to those reported in other published studies.
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8

Stiefel, Dorothea, Takashi Shibata, Martin Meuli, Patrick G. Duffy, and Andrew J. Copp. "Tethering of the spinal cord in mouse fetuses and neonates with spina bifida." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 99, no. 2 (September 2003): 206–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/spi.2003.99.2.0206.

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Object. Tethering of the spinal cord is a well-known complication in humans with spina bifida aperta or occulta. Its pathogenesis consists of a pathological fixation of the spinal cord resulting in traction on the neural tissue which, in turn, leads to ischemia and progressive neurological deterioration. Although well established in humans, this phenomenon has not been described in animal models of spina bifida. Methods. A fetal mouse model with naturally occurring, genetically determined spina bifida was produced by generating double mutants between the curly tail and loop-tail mutant strains. Microdissection, labeling with 1,1′-dioctadecyl-3,3,3,′,3′-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate, immunohistochemistry for neurofilaments, H & E staining of histological sections, and whole-mount skeletal preparations were performed and comparisons made among mutant and normal fetuses. Normal fetuses exhibited the onset of progressive physiological ascent of the spinal cord from embryonic Day 15.5. Spinal cord ascent resulted, by embryonic Day 18.5, in spinal nerve roots that pass caudolaterally from the spinal cord toward the periphery. In contrast, fetuses with spina bifida exhibited spinal cord tethering that resulted, at embryonic Day 18.5, in nerve roots that run in a craniolateral direction from the spinal cord. The region of closed spinal cord immediately cranial to the spina bifida lesion exhibited marked narrowing, late in gestation, suggesting that a potentially damaging stretch force is applied to the spinal cord by the tethered spina bifida lesion. Conclusions. This mouse model provides an opportunity to study the onset and early sequelae of spinal cord tethering in spina bifida.
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9

Ivanov, Stanislav V., Vladimir M. Kenis, Tatyana N. Prokopenko, Aleksandra S. Fedoseyeva, and Milana A. Ugurchieva. "Fractures of lower limbs in children with spina bifida." Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery 6, no. 3 (September 28, 2018): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ptors6325-31.

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Background. Spina bifida is a serious defect in the development of the spine and spinal cord. It is accompanied by several orthopedic disorders of the spine and lower limbs, including fractures of long tubular bones. In spina bifida, osteoporosis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of motor disorders. Aim. The objective was to determine the patterns of occurrence and the clinical and radiological features of fractures of the long tubular bones of the lower limbs in children with sequelae of spina bifida. Materials and methods. From 2006 to 2017, 544 patients with spina bifida were examined and treated at the Turner Research Institute for Children’s Orthopedics. Clinical-neurological and radiographic methods were used. The neurosegmental level of spinal cord involvement was determined using the Sharrard classification, and the motor level was assessed according to the method proposed by Melbourne Medical University. Results. The clinical picture of a fracture of a long tubular bone in a child with spina bifida has many characteristics. There was no abnormal mobility in the fracture site in 56% of cases, edema was absent in 88% of children, and pain in the fracture region was observed in only 19% of cases. The radiographic features of the atypical fracture of long tubular bones in children with sequelae of spina bifida included lack of a fracture line, presence of a hypertrophic periosteal reaction, and sclerosis areas at the fracture site. Conclusion. The frequency and localization of fractures of the lower limbs in children with sequelae of spina bifida are determined according to the neurosegmental level. The clinical picture of fracture often differs from usual fractures by the absence of pain syndrome, edema in the fracture region, and displacement of bone fragments, which must be considered for diagnosis. The peculiarities of the clinical and radiological picture are associated with the presence of osteoporosis in this pathology due to a decrease in the motor activity level of the patients.
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10

Ajitha, R., and N. Punitha. "Active contour-based segmentation of normal and fetal spina bifida ultrasound images." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2318, no. 1 (August 1, 2022): 012045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2318/1/012045.

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Abstract Fetal spina bifida is a neurological disorder which occurs due to improper closure of the spinal column. Fetus identified with spina bifida suffers from various paralytic disorders throughout their lifespan. Early diagnosis of spina bifida aids in timely medical interventions. The ultrasound imaging is widely preferred for fetal monitoring. This study involves segmentation of the normal and abnormal fetal spine from ultrasound images using active contour algorithm. The images for analysis are collected from a diagnostic centre. The noise present in the images is removed using Wiener filter and anisotropic diffusion (AD) filter. The denoised images are evaluated with the metrics such as signal to noise ratio (SNR), peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), structural similarity index measure (SSIM) and mean square error (MSE). The contrast enhancement is performed by histogram equalization (HE) and adaptive histogram equalization (AHE) techniques. The contrast enhanced images are validated by measures namely entropy and adaptive mean brightness error (AMBE). From the pre-processed image, the spine region is segmented using the active contour method. The results demonstrate that the AD filter with optimal parameters performs better than the Wiener filter for denoising. For the contrast enhancement, the AHE technique shows better performance compared to HE. The active contour technique is able to segment the spine regions in both the normal and spina bifida images. As early diagnosis of spina bifida is essential, this approach could be clinically significant.
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11

Khudyakova, N. V., I. Yu Pchelin, A. D. Kotrova, A. N. Shishkin, V. K. Bayrasheva, V. V. Smirnov, and O. N. Vasilkova. "Neurogenic bladder dysfunction in spina bifida: a case report and a brief review of the literature." Nephrology (Saint-Petersburg) 26, no. 4 (November 25, 2022): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36485/1561-6274-2022-26-4-119-126.

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Spina bifida is a developmental defect of the spinal cord and/or spinal cord that results from abnormal closure of the embryonic neural tube. Many factors have been described to determine the risks of developing this pathology, but the incidence of the defect is still high. 61% of patients with spina bifida have neurogenic bladder dysfunction based on intravesical hypertension, which contributes to reverse urethral flow and vesico-uretero-renal reflux, associated with chronic inflammatory and obstructive diseases of the urinary tract. Between 25-50% of patients with spina bifida develop chronic kidney disease, significantly reducing their quality of life. In some types of Spina bifida, urological symptoms may be prominent and indicate the presence of this malformation. Therefore, early diagnosis of Spina bifida and timely prophylactic and therapeutic measures are particular importance. This article describes a clinical case of Spina bifida posterior L1-L2 with a closed L1-L2 meningocele in which urological symptoms were the dominant manifestation. The development of secondary complications of neurogenic bladder in the presented patient cannot be excluded, which requires closer monitoring.
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12

Chaney, Jessica Y., Asma A. Taha, and Joseph D. Pinter. "Demystifying Spina Bifida Guidelines Using a Periodicity Schedule." Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation 28, no. 3 (June 1, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.46292/sci21-00097.

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Background: Spina bifida is a congenital neural tube defect that affects the spine and spinal cord, as well as the brain in many cases, with life-long health-related consequences. In most cases, the term spina bifida refers to open myelomeningocele but includes a spectrum of dysraphic conditions. Early recognition and comprehensive care improve long-term health, well-being, and quality of life and decrease the use of emergency services and hospitalizations over the lifespan. Current evidence-based care guidelines are comprehensive, but they are not easily interpreted in busy primary care settings. The development of a periodicity schedule serves to simplify the current spina bifida guidelines into a document that is easy to use by all practitioners and families.
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Gamito-Gómez, Araceli, Rodrigo Gutierrez-Quintana, and Annette Wessmann. "Congenital Malformations Resembling VACTERL Association in a Golden Retriever." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 54, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/jaaha-ms-6236.

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ABSTRACT A 2 mo old golden retriever presented with malformation of the left thoracic limb and a small circular indentation of the skin in the cranial thoracic spine. Radiographs showed a cleft between the second and fifth metacarpal bones of the left thoracic limb compatible with ectrodactyly and spina bifida affecting T4 and T5 vertebrae. Magnetic resonance imaging of the thoracic spine showed dorsal reposition of the spinal cord and a tract connecting from the dura mater to the skin. No other malformations were detected. Surgical excision of the tract was performed and histopathological examination diagnosed a dermoid sinus type IV. Dermoid sinus and spina bifida are well-recognized congenital spinal and spinal cord defects, yet association with other congenital malformation are rarely reported in dogs. The here-reported dog had spinal and spinal cord abnormalities with concurrent limb malformation, which are two components of a nonrandom association of birth defects described as VACTERL in people. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report describing concurrent dermoid sinus type IV, spina bifida, and ectrodactyly in a dog, and highlights the importance of patient examination for occurrence of multiple malformations to provide an appropriate prognosis for an owner.
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14

Riantini, Ni Putu, Umi Budi Rahayu, and Edy Waspada. "Physiotherapy Management in Spina Bifida Cases." FISIO MU: Physiotherapy Evidences 4, no. 3 (June 7, 2023): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/fisiomu.v4i3.22023.

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Spina bifida or neural tube defect (NTD) is a spinal disorder that does not close completely, resulting in disability or developmental failure of the spinal cord. The cause of spina bifida has no definite reason, but there are several factors that are considered to increase the risk, namely folic acid deficiency, family history of spina bifida, and history of taking drugs. Patients with spina bifida will experience weakness in the lower extremity muscles, decreased ability to control urination, and decreased ability to carry out daily activities. The study used a case report study conducted at YPAC Surakarta for boys aged 15 years with spina bifida disorder. Physiotherapy plays a role in optimizing muscle strength, active movement of children, and improving functional abilities by using interventional stretching exercises, myofacial release, strengthening exercises, and a combination of Kegel Exercises and bridging exercises. After being treated for 6 times T1-T6 there was an increase in muscle strength as measured by manual muscle testing (MMT), changes in the range of motion of the joints (LGS) as measured by the goniometer, an increase in functional ability as measured by the Barthel Index. Keywords: Spina Bifida, Physiotherapy, MMT, LGS, Index Barthel
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Daseja, Kailash Kumar, Kaneez Fatima, Akhtar Hussain Phul, Naimatullah Bozdar, Shahzeb ., and Jia Dodani. "Identification and Incidence of Spina Bifida during Gestation and its Pregnancy Outcomes." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 17, no. 3 (March 24, 2023): 139–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023173139.

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Aim: To identify the incidence of spina bifida during gestation and its pregnancy outcomes. Study design: Cohort study Place and duration of study: Department of Radiology, Chandka Medical College Hospital, Larkana from 1st October 2020 to 30th September 2022 Methodology: One thousand pregnant women who were screened for the identification of spina bifida. Doppler based ultrasonography was performed in each patient. The fetus body was examined during sonography Doppler between 18-24 weeks. The body of the fetus was focused and visualized longitudinally in midsagittal section. Spinal cord was traced from neck to sacral, cervical vertebra and thorax. A tram track appearance was observed. Spinal nerve positioning was also observed. In spina bifida nerve tethering was seen. The primary outcomes in reference to baby weight and maturity were recorded while secondary outcomes of the fetuses in terms of any disability were followed up to 12 months of age. Results: The mean age of the women was 25.6±5.6 years. The incidence of spina bifida was 1.1%. Within the primary outcomes observed birth weight ranged within 3.1-3.5kg. Around 81.81% cases were born full term while 18.18 were premature. On 06 months’ follow-up of the spina bifida cases it was observed that 45.45% of new born suffered from skin problems as sores, calluses or and blisters while 36.36% had hydrocephalus with excessive CSF which needed monitoring. Mobility issue and disability was observed in 27.27% cases. Conclusion: Spina bifida cases are identified successfully within gestational period. Prematurity can be significantly noticed in spina bifida cases. The lumbosacral and lumbar lesions are most common as well as skin conditions and hydrocephalus. Key words: Incidence, Spina bifida, Gestation, Outcome
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Phan, Duy, Mark Edwin Shaffrey, and Min S. Park. "272 Integrative Genomics Implicates Primary Impact on Cortical Development in Spina Bifida." Neurosurgery 70, Supplement_1 (April 2024): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/neu.0000000000002809_272.

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INTRODUCTION: Spina bifida is one of the most common malformation of the central nervous system that is associated with poor neurodevelopmental outcomes. Altered neurodevelopment in spina bifida has been attributed to venting of CSF through the neural tube defect. Despite correction of the spinal defect, some patients still develop hydrocephalus with poor neurodevelopmental outcomes, suggesting incomplete understanding of disease pathogenesis. Recent human genetic efforts have identified candidate genes that confer spina bifida risk, however, the mechanisms linking gene mutations to altered neurodevelopment remain poorly understood. METHODS: We curated a list of 439 genes that confer risk to spina bifida from a whole-genome sequencing study of 310 individuals. We then mapped the spatiotemporal and cell-type specific expression of these risk genes onto bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing data of normally developing human brains covering the entire lifespan of human development. RESULTS: We found that spina bifida risk genes are enriched at post-conception weeks 5-6 and 25-38 in the developing human brain. After birth, spina bifida risk genes are enriched at postnatal months 6-10 and then after 60 years of age. At the cell type level, spina bifida risk genes are enriched in proliferative neuroprogenitor cells and microglia in the prenatal human cortex. CONCLUSIONS: Our analyses show that spina bifida risk genes are expressed in the developing human brain, suggesting a primary impact on brain development that is independent from the open caudal end of the neural tube defect. The finding that spina bifida risk genes continue to be expressed postnatally suggests a window for therapeutic intervention to optimize neurodevelopmental outcomes after birth in at least a subset of patients.
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Pastuszka, Agnieszka, Janusz Bohosiewicz, Anita Olejek, Jacek Zamłyński, Ewa Horzelska, and Tomasz Koszutski. "PRENATAL MYELOMENINGOCELE REPAIR – A CHANCE TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF LIFE." Wiadomości Lekarskie 72, no. 7 (2019): 1380–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek201907127.

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Spina bifida (myelomeningocele) is the most prevalent developmental defect of the nervous system. In different regions of the world it affects from 0.3 to 5 per 1000 of livingneonates. It is known that the defect develops during the early fetal life however no explicit cause has been found yet. Recently it has been accepted that one of the major factors contributing to spina bifida is deficiency of folic acid in the mother’s body before and during pregnancy. The first attempts to cure myelomeningocele were taken in ancient times. More extensive knowledge of aetiology and effects of spina bifida and development of new surgical techniques allowed for management not only of the defect itself but also the consequent complications. Prenatal spina bifida repair has been performed in the USA for 20 years now while European surgeons (Poland and Switzerland) have operated myelomeningocele for 12 years. Comparative analysis carried out to evaluate the patients operated for spina bifida prenatally and postnatally pointed that those after fetal repair demand the use of ventriculoperitoneal shunt for hydrocephalus twice less frequently. Thanks to shortened exposure of the spinal cord and the spinal nerves to the toxic effect of amniotic fluid and reduced exposure to mechanical injuries, prenatal myelomeningocele repair offers better opportunities to improve motor, urinary and alimentary functions, contributing then statistically to higher quality of lives of children with spina bifida.
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Marshalita, Nadya. "Percutaneous Minimally Invasive Fetoscopic Surgery: Ramah Ibu dan Janin." Malang Journal of Midwifery (MAJORY) 1, no. 2 (October 30, 2019): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31290/majory.v1i2.1431.

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Spina bifida is a neural tube defect in which incomplete closing of the spine membrane that occurs in the lumbar and sacral. The defect of spina bifida can be motoric defect or sensoric defect. Clinical manifestation of spina bifida can be appear as limb anaesthesia, total paralysis, incontinensia urine and alvi that can cause recurrent uronary tract infection, renal insufficiency, and nephropathy reflux. Spina bifida can cause hindbrain herniation and hydrocephalus. Diagnosis of spina bifida can use 2D ultrasonography, 3D ultrasonography, and MRI. Procedure surgery of spina bifida can be done with postnatal surgery, prenatal surgery, or percutaneous minimally invasive fetoscopic surgery. Percutaneous minimally invasive fetoscopic surgery is a procedure to close the defect of fetus while intrauterine using minimal access with three or four trocar and using partial amniotic carbon dioxide insufflation (PACI) without laparotomy or hysterectomy. The adventage of percutaneous minimally invasive fetoscopic surgery compare with postnatal surgery and prenatal surgery is improve baby’s motoric function, decrease risk of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt, decrease hindbrain herniation, decrease fluid in hydrocephalus, decrease risk of preterm birth, decrease risk of spontaneous membrane rupture, oligohydramnione, uterine dehiscence, uterine rupture, less pain in two days, and mother can go home from the hospital in a weeks. Keywords: Spina bifida, percutaneous minimally invasive fetoscopic surgery, partial amniotic carbon dioxide insufflation (PACI)
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19

Nurhalimah, Syiffa, Popi Sopiah, and Heri Ridwan. "HUBUNGAN KEKURANGAN ASAM FOLAT IBU HAMIL DENGAN RISIKO TERJADINYA SPINA BIFIDA PADA BAYI." Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan (Scientific Journal of Nursing) 9, no. 2 (June 30, 2023): 228–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33023/jikep.v9i2.1481.

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Salah satu bentuk vitamin B esensial adalah Asam Folat, asam folat ini tidak bisa diproduksi oleh tubuh sehingga biasanya didapatkan melalui suplemen dan makanan. Pada trimester pertama secara normal sumsum tulang belakang bayi tumbuh dibantu dengan asam folat. Sehingga pencegahan terjadinya Neural Tube Defects (NTD) seperti Spina Bifida penting untuk dilakukan. Tujuan literature review ini untuk mengetahui hubungan kekurangan asam folat Ibu Hamil dengan risiko terjadinya spina bifida pada bayi. Metode yang digunakan literature review dengan database elektronik menggunakan mesin pencariaan google scholar yang bersumber dari jurnal dipublikasikan dalam rentan waktu 10 tahun terakhir dengan menggunakan kata kunci ibu hamil, asam folat, spina bifida, spina bifida pada bayi. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah bahwa Ibu yang tidak mengkonsumsi asam folat mengalami bayi lahir dengan keadaan kelainan kongenital NTD Spinal Bifida dan juga perlu diberitahukan tentang manfaat asam folat bagi Ibu hamil.
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Banno, Tomohiro, Tsuyoshi Ohishi, Daisuke Suzuki, Yosuke Honda, Sho Kobayashi, and Yukihiro Matsuyama. "Traumatic sacral pseudomeningocele with spina bifida occulta." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 16, no. 1 (January 2012): 78–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2011.8.spine11190.

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Pseudomeningocele arises after spinal fracture and nerve root avulsion or after complications of spine surgery. However, traumatic pseudomeningocele with spina bifida occulta is rare. In this report, a traumatic pseudomeningocele in a patient with spina bifida occulta that required surgical treatment is documented. This 37-year-old man presented to the authors' hospital with headache and a fluctuant mass in the center of his buttocks. A CT scan with myelography and MR imaging of the sacral region revealed a large subcutaneous area of fluid retention communicating with the intradural space through a defect of the S-2 lamina. Because 3 months of conservative treatment was unsuccessful, a free fat graft was placed with fibrin glue to seal the closure of the defect, followed by 1 week of CSF drainage. This is the first report on traumatic pseudomeningocele with spina bifida occulta successfully treated in this manner.
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Rajan, Rahe, WMS Johnson, Krishnaveni Sharath, Durga Devi G, and Jinu Merlin Koshy. "Craniocerebral and Spinal Dysraphism with Omphalocele – A Case Report of Primary Neurulation Defect." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 10, no. 1 (January 5, 2022): 8250–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2021.196.

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Background: Anencephaly and Spina bifida are the two most common types of neural tube defects (NTDs). Disrupted formation and closure of neural folds leads to Craniocerebral and spinal dysraphisms. Materials and methods: An 18 week old foetus was received in the department of Anatomy after elective medical termination of pregnancy due to the diagnosis of neural tube defect and associated congenital anomalies. Case Report: The foetus had anencephaly, thoracic-lumbar spina bifida, omphlocele and clubbed foot and hands. The foetus was dissected and studied, to look for abnormal internal structures. On meticulous dissection it was found that there were abnormalities in spine, gastrointestinal system and cranium. Conclusion: Anencephaly is a neural tube defect which has multiple neural and non-neural associated anomalies. A detailed description of the combination of associated anomalies goes a long way in updating knowledge on the same. KEY WORDS: Anencephaly, spina bifida, omphalocele, folic acid, neural tube defects.
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Wilson, Pamela E., and Shubhra Mukherjee. "Mobility guidelines for the care of people with spina bifida." Journal of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine 13, no. 4 (December 22, 2020): 621–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/prm-200744.

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The Spina Bifida Association (SBA) is the organization that represents the needs of the population with spina bifida (SB). They are tasked with advocacy, education, optimizing care, and providing a social voice for those with spina bifida. In response to the tenet of optimizing care they were tasked with developing up to date clinical care guidelines which address health care needs for those impacted by spina bifida throughout their lifespan. This article will discuss the SB Mobility Healthcare Guidelines from the 2018 Spina Bifida Association’s Fourth Edition of the Guidelines for the Care of People with Spina Bifida.
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Kritikos, Tessa K., and Grayson N. Holmbeck. "Family functioning guidelines for the care of people with spina bifida." Journal of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine 13, no. 4 (December 22, 2020): 535–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/prm-200720.

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Research supports a resilience-disruption model of family functioning in families with a child with spina bifida. Guidelines are warranted to both minimize disruption to the family system and maximize family resilience and adaptation to multiple spina bifida-related and normative stressors. This article discusses the spina bifida family functioning guidelines from the 2018 Spina Bifida Association’s Fourth Edition of the Guidelines for the Care of People with Spina Bifida, and reviews evidence-based directions with the intention of helping individuals with spina bifida achieve optimal mental health throughout their lifespan. Guidelines address clinical questions pertaining to the impact of having a child with spina bifida on family functioning, resilience and vulnerability factors, parenting behaviors that may facilitate adaptive child outcomes, and appropriate interventions or approaches to promote family functioning. Gaps in the research and future directions are discussed.
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Sagheer Ahmed, Iram Bokhari, Tanveer Ahmed, Rabail Akbar, and Raheel Gohar. "Incidence and Outcomes of Diastematomyelia in Spina Bifida Patients." Pakistan Journal Of Neurological Surgery 27, no. 3 (September 30, 2023): 148–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.36552/pjns.v27i3.891.

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Objective: To determine the prevalence of diastematomyelia in spina bifida patients and to assess the efficacy of surgical intervention. Material and Methods: This prospective research study was conducted at the Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center in Karachi in the Neurosurgery department. We included 55 patients after fulfilling the inclusion criteria. All of the patients had craniospinal MRI, and the results, as well as any anomalies discovered, were noted for future reference during their therapy. Patients suffering from these diseases were treated surgically, which included sac excision and repair, cord detethering, and ventriculoperitoneal shunting. Throughout the postoperative period, all of these patients' outcomes were documented and assessed. Results: The majority of patients were under 1 month old (29 patients, 53.70%), whereas 13 patients were between one month and 1 year old. The patients were 2.8 years old on average. There were 23 males (42.60%) and 32 females (58.18%). Dermal sinuses, hypertrichosis, and skin dimples (signs of spina bifida occulta), with prevalence rates of 5.55 percent, 3.70 percent, and 1.85 percent, respectively. Spina bifida occulta was less frequent (17 cases) than spina bifida aperta (37 occurrences). 33 patients (61.11%) have myelomeningocele, followed by meningocele in three (5.5%), lipomyelomeningocele in six (10.9%), diastematomyelia in six (10.9%), dermal sinus in two (3.70%), along with spinal lipoma in one (1.85%) instance. Conclusion: The overall prevalence of Diastematomyelia in patients with spinal dysraphism is low. However vigilant assessment and management is crucial for optimal surgical benefit. Keywords: Diastematomyelia, Spina Bifida, Spinal Dysraphism.
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25

Kennedy, Debra S. "Spina bifida." Medical Journal of Australia 169, no. 4 (August 1998): 182–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1998.tb140216.x.

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26

Baydin, Serhat Sevki, Hakan Kina, Sevda Baydin, Huseyin Canaz, Erhan Emel, and Ibrahim Alatas. "Spina Bifida." Jinekoloji Obstetrik Pediatri ve Pediatrik Cerrahi Dergisi 5, no. 3 (October 28, 2013): 102–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.5222/jopp.2013.102.

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27

Brei, Timothy, and Amy Houtrow. "Spina Bifida." Journal of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine 10, no. 3-4 (December 11, 2017): 165–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/prm-170469.

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28

Iskandar, Bermans J., and Richard H. Finnell. "Spina Bifida." New England Journal of Medicine 387, no. 5 (August 4, 2022): 444–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejmra2116032.

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29

Wingate, Elke E., Jody Arnold Hancock, Kelley E. Churchwell, and Monica J. Pipkins. "Spina Bifida." Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography 20, no. 4 (July 2004): 227–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8756479304266685.

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30

Faller, Nancy A. "Spina bifida." Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing 16, no. 1 (January 1989): 42–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152192-198901000-00018.

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31

SMITH, JEAN C., WILLIAM L. COLEMAN, ADRIAN D. SANDLER, and CATHERINE L. GRUS. "SPINA BIFIDA." Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics 18, no. 2 (April 1997): 135–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004703-199704000-00024.

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32

Roach, James W. "Spina Bifida." Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics 7, no. 4 (July 1987): 484. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01241398-198707000-00021.

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33

Mückler, Angelika. "Spina bifida." DO - Deutsche Zeitschrift für Osteopathie 5, no. 4 (October 2007): 21–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-993808.

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34

Sarwark, John F. "SPINA BIFIDA." Pediatric Clinics of North America 43, no. 5 (October 1996): 1151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3955(05)70455-7.

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35

Jauffret, E. "Spina bifida." EMC - Kinésithérapie - Médecine physique - Réadaptation 2, no. 2 (January 2006): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1283-0887(06)43700-2.

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36

Mitchell, Laura E., N. Scott Adzick, Jeanne Melchionne, Patrick S. Pasquariello, Leslie N. Sutton, and Alexander S. Whitehead. "Spina bifida." Lancet 364, no. 9448 (November 2004): 1885–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(04)17445-x.

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37

Mühl-Benninghaus, R. "Spina bifida." Der Radiologe 58, no. 7 (May 24, 2018): 659–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00117-018-0401-9.

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38

Saavedra, Alvaro A., Dawn MacLellan, and Gary J. Gray. "Spina bifida." Canadian Urological Association Journal 12, no. 4S1 (April 12, 2018): S3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5489/cuaj.5272.

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39

Bremer, R. "Spina bifida." Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 151, no. 8 (August 1, 2003): 833–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00112-003-0769-z.

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40

Georgescu, Tiberiu, Olivia Ionescu, Paris Ionescu, Nicolae Bacalbasa, and Lucian Gheorge Pop. "Diabetes, pregnancy and spina bifida." Journal of Medicine and Life 14, no. 6 (December 2021): 868–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.25122/jml-2021-0249.

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Spina bifida is a disorder characterized by failure of the neural tube to form during embryological development. The early signs in the head and spine may be detected on ultrasound from 11 weeks of gestation. Diabetes is a well-known teratogen factor that increases the chances of birth defects, such as neural tube defects. We report a 12 weeks case of spina bifida in type 1 diabetes.
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41

Shahid Nawaz, Muhammad Usman, Sarah Rehman, Aneeta Ghazal, Naseer Hassan, and Naeem-ul-Haq. "A Spectrum of Spina Bifida: A Study of Neurosurgery Department of DHQ Teaching Hospital, Gomal Medical College, DI Khan." Pakistan Journal Of Neurological Surgery 27, no. 2 (June 9, 2023): 193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.36552/pjns.v27i2.869.

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Objective: To pin down the spectrum of spina bifida in infants. Materials & Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted at the Neurosurgery Department, DHQ teaching hospital, Gomal Medical College, D.I Khan, Pakistan, from July 2021 to July 2022. A total of 100 diagnosed infants of spina bifida of either gender, who were undergoing surgery were included in the study. Demographics like; gender, name, age, cousin marriage, region, type of spina bifida (meningocele or meningomyelocele), associated with hydrocephalus, and width of the defect were noticed. Post-operatively the maximum follow-up was of 1 month for noticing the outcome and complications. Results: Of a total number of 100 infants, 76 patients were male, while 24 were female. The mean age of the patients was 913.625 days. The majority of the children (n = 59) were having myelomeningocele. The lumbosacral spine was the most common location (n = 88) for myelomeningocele/meningocele. Post-operatively, there was the development of hydrocephalus in 12 patients. Conclusion: The majority patients of with spina bifida were males. Meningomyelocele and lumbosacral location were the commonest findings. Furthermore, the lumbosacral location of the spina bifida and myelomeningocele were most commonly associated with the development of postoperative hydrocephalus.
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42

Micu, Romeo, Anca Lucia Chicea, Dan Georgian Bratu, Paula Nita, Georgiana Nemeti, and Radu Chicea. "Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging in the prenatal diagnosis of open spina bifida." Medical Ultrasonography 20, no. 2 (May 2, 2018): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.11152/mu-1325.

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Open spina bifida, also known as spina bifida aperta is a neural tube defect involving the lack of closure of vertebral arches and associated meninges and/or spinal cord abnormalities.Ultrasound examination is the gold standard for the diagnosis of spina bifida aperta. It represents the main imaging tool used to ascertain this diagnosis early in gestation. Three-dimensional ultrasound is necessary to detect the level and the size of the defect. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) represents a more sensitive tool, giving specific information of the defect and associated anomalies, playing an important role in ruling out differential diagnosis. Due to the advent of MRI use, it is possible today to achieve in utero treatment of fetuses with this pathology. The aim of the current review is to provide an update of literature regarding the role of ultrasound and MRI in the prenatal diagnosis of spina bifida aperta.
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43

Naela Munawaroh, Lisa Nurhasanah, and Rahmi Isma AP. "Case Report of Speech and Ambulation Ability After Five Years Therapy in a Six-Year-Old Boy with Habilitation Sixth Lumbar Spina Bifida with Meningocele Post Resection and Hydrocephalus Post VP Shunt." Indonesian Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation 11, no. 01 (June 1, 2022): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.36803/ijpmr.v11i01.324.

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ABSTRACT Introduction: Spina bifida, a congenital spinal cord injury, is a complex disability that results from a failure of the caudal neural tube to fuse early in embryonic development. Spina bifida affects about 300.000 newborns each year worldwide. Hydrocephalus is common in children with spina bifida, developing in 80% to 90% of children with myelomeningocele. Anatomical abnormalities in which the myelomeningocele sac occurs is associated with neurological, motor and sensory deficits. They showimpaired speech and ambulation.Case presentation: We report a six-year-old boy was taken to the hospital by his parents because he could not stand and walk since he was born. At birth there was a lump on the lower back, and the patient also had hydrocephalus, then surgery had been performed. The patient was diagnosed with sixth lumbar spina bifida and hydrocephalus with meningocele. He had some delay in gross motor, fine motor and language development. The patient had history of seizures. He received trunk control exercise, pelvic stabilityexercise, positioning and handling, coordination exercises and fine motor skills to increase independence in activities of daily life. The patient obtained 4 years exercises of speaking, comprehension, vocabulary and articulation. The child also received attention and concentration enhancement exercises.Conclusion: A patient with spina bifida requires a lifelong commitment by the patient, family, and the health care personnel involved in the treatment. The medical goal is to maintain stable neurological functioning throughout the patient’s lifetime. The wide range of extensive speech and ambulation impairments and long-term disabilities in patients with spina bifida present a considerable challenge to the management of these patients.Keywords: ambulation, hydrocephalus, meningocele, speech, spina bifida
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44

Ivanov, Stanislav V., Vladimir M. Kenis, Anna Y. Shchedrina, Oleg N. Onufriichuk, Alina M. Khodorovskaya, Igor B. Osipov, and Sergei A. Sarychev. "Spina bifida: a multidisciplinary problem (a literature review)." Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care 11, no. 2 (July 7, 2021): 201–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/psaic958.

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BACKGROUND: Congenital malformations of the spine and spinal cord can be combined with various clinical manifestations of the spine, spinal cord, and lower extremities. Children with these neurological disorders often lack sensitivity and motor activity of their lower extremities and, in most cases, have bladder infections and incontinence (lack of bladder and bowel control). AIM: This study aims to analyze publications with the diagnostic and treatment results of patients with neurological, orthopedic, neurological, and ophthalmological problems with spina bifida. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, MEDLINE, eLibrary, and RSCI databases and found about 2000 references and 374 articles. We selected 60 articles for review in orthopedics, neurosurgery, urology, and ophthalmology. RESULTS: Neural tube defects are a wide range of congenital malformations, including skull defects and open or closed spinal dysraphism. The incidence of spine and spinal cord malformations in different countries is quite broad and amounts to 0.3199.4 cases per 10,000 births worldwide. Spinal cord malformations often occur in combination with bladder infections and incontinence, limb deformities, and other central nervous system developmental anomalies. Among the orthopedic problems leading to impaired support function, the most common are foot deformities and hip joint instability. Orthopedic monitoring of a patient with spina bifida consists of mainly preventing or correcting deformities according to the rehabilitation potential of the child. The timely completion of treatment allows the child to maintain mobility and independence of movement daily activities. At the same time, such treatment must pursue realistic goals according to the potential motor level of the child. In addition to neurosurgical and orthopedic problems, most children with spina bifida (88%94%) suffer from pelvic disorders. A urologist should observe a patient with spina bifida to perform ultrasound and laboratory monitoring of both the lower and upper urinary tract conditions from an early age. Timely procedures to eliminate urinary retention and sanitation can maintain normal kidney function and contribute to the adequate conduct of motor and neurological rehabilitation of the child. The most common complication of spina bifida is the Chiari II malformation, which is manifested by damage to brain stem structures and internal occlusal hydrocephalus with various symptoms, including neuroophthalmological signs. CONCLUSIONS: A multidisciplinary team of specialists comprising a neurologist, neurosurgeon, urologist, orthopedic surgeon, ophthalmologist, orthosis specialist, and psychologist should be involved in treating the children with the above presented problems. The use of an integrated approach to treat this group is absolutely justified and enabled the maximum rehabilitation potential of the child to be achieved.
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45

Kara, Taylan. "Intracranial translucency as a sonographic marker of open spina bifida at first trimester." International Journal of Diagnostic Imaging 1, no. 2 (June 4, 2014): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijdi.v1n2p92.

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Spina bifida is the one of the most common severe congenital abnormality of the central nervous system. Scalloping of the frontal bones called “the lemon sign” and caudal displacement of the cerebellum called “the banana sign” are known as cranial signs of open spina bifida on ultrasonography at the second trimester. Although these signs are useful methods in diagnosing of open spina bifida in the second trimester, detection rates of open spina bifida by using these signs in the first trimester are low. Intracranial translucency is a new sonographic landmark that may be valuable for the early detection of open spina bifida in the first trimester. In this study using of intracranial translucency as a sonographic marker of open spina bifida at first trimester is discussed with the light of recent literature.
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46

Kaur, Amandeep, and Mahesh Sharma. "SPINA BIFIDA - A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 7, no. 2.1 (April 5, 2019): 6390–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2019.124.

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47

Agrawal, Amit, Vissa Santhi, Ranjan Jena, Umamaheswara Reddy V, and Yashwant Sandeep. "Spina Bifida Occulta in an Adult Presenting as Perilesional Hemorrhage." Indian Journal of Neurosurgery 06, no. 01 (September 29, 2016): 079–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1588040.

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AbstractOccult spinal dysraphism with spinal lipoma, is a rare congenital spinal dysraphic anomaly which usually involves lumbosacral region and manifests in childhood. In the present article, we discuss a case of a 26-year-old man who developed sudden low back pain following intercourse. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbosacral spine was suggestive of spina bifida occulta with hemorrhage. The patient underwent a L4–5 laminectomy in the emergency. There was the presence of altered blood in the vicinity of the lesion suggestive of recent hemorrhage. Histopathological examination of the lesion was suggestive of the lipoma. In the present case, the patient had occult spina bifida due to lumbosacral lipoma leading to the tethering of the dura. Strenuous activity resulted in overstretching of the tethered structures and subsequent hemorrhage and intense low back pain which responded well to the surgical treatment.
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48

Patel, Smruti K., Brittany Staarmann, Alexander Heilman, Allie Mains, Jason Woodward, and Karin S. Bierbrauer. "Growing up with spina bifida: bridging the gaps in the transition of care from childhood to adulthood." Neurosurgical Focus 47, no. 4 (October 2019): E16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2019.7.focus19441.

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Spina bifida is the most common nonchromosomal birth defect, resulting in permanent disability of multiple organ systems, yet compatible with long-term survival. Important advances across various disciplines have now improved survival among the spina bifida population. Although the majority of individuals living with spina bifida are now adults, there are few publications in the neurosurgical literature regarding the care of adults with spina bifida, associated medical conditions, surgical interventions, and long-term complications. The major goals for transitioning adult patients with spina bifida are preservation of function and promotion of independence as well as general overall health. Nevertheless, many gaps exist in our knowledge and understanding of the complex needs of this aging patient population. The goal of this paper was to provide a comprehensive updated review of the literature regarding the challenges and considerations involved in the transitional care to adulthood for patients with spina bifida. Unique to this review, the authors provide a first-hand personal communication and interview with an adult patient with spina bifida that discusses many of these challenges with transition.
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49

McPherson, Amy C., Lorry Chen, Joseph O’Neil, and Kerri A. Vanderbom. "Nutrition, metabolic syndrome, and obesity: Guidelines for the care of people with spina bifida." Journal of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine 13, no. 4 (December 22, 2020): 637–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/prm-200753.

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Nutritional challenges and a lack of activity can lead to health problems across the lifespan for people with spina bifida. Children and adults with spina bifida are also at greater risk of being classified as overweight or obese compared to their peers without the condition. Therefore, early recognition of nutrition problems, weight management counseling, and timely referrals for evaluation and management of diet and activity can help those with spina bifida and their families achieve a healthy lifestyle. This article details the development of the Nutrition, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity Guidelines, which are part of the 2018 Spina Bifida Association’s Fourth Edition of the Guidelines for the Care of People with Spina Bifida. It discusses the identification and management of poor nutrition and prevention of obesity for children, adolescents, and adults with spina bifida and highlights areas requiring further research.
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50

Hukamdeen, Sajida, Muhammad Arsalan, Sidra ,. Seyal, Zahra Nasrullah, Sidra Ali, and Humna Ashraf. "Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasound in Detection of Spina Bifida in the First and Second Trimester Using Post-Natal MRI as Gold Standard." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 7 (July 30, 2022): 909–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22167909.

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Introduction: Antenatal ultrasound has been reported to be an effective tool for detecting neural tube defects including spina bifida. Moreover, major structural abnormalities can be detected by ultrasound examination, depending on the time of ultrasound scan. Objectives: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in detection of spina bifida in the first and second trimester using post-natal MRI as gold standard. Study Design: Descriptive, Cross-sectional study Study duration: 11th February 2019 to 10th August 2019 Settings: Department of Radiology, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore. Materials & Methods: A total of 125 pregnant patients/Gravida presenting in first trimester (11 to 13 weeks) & second trimester (14 to 22 weeks) assessed on dating scan, at risk for spina bifida were included. Women with pre-eclempsia and eclempsia determined on systolic BP > 140 and protein urea and history of congenital heart defects were excluded. A standard ultrasound scan was performed by the same Radiologist on the same ultrasound machine and any findings associated with the spina bifida would be noted & recorded on a predesigned Performa (Attached). Patients were followed till delivery and post-natal MRI was done to evaluate spina bifida. Presence of absence of spina bifida on USG & MRI was noted. Results: All the patients were subjected to first ultrasonography and then MRI. USG supported the diagnosis of spina bifida in 62 patients. MRI confirmed spina bifida in 63 cases. In USG positive cases, 58 were true positive and 04 were false positive. While in USG negative patients, 58 were true negative and 05 were false negative. Overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in detection of spina bifida in the first and second trimester using post-natal MRI as gold standard is 92.06%, 93.55%, 93.55%, 92.06% and 92.80% respectively. Conclusion: This study concludes that ultrasonography is a highly sensitive and accurate modality for diagnosing spina bifida, and has not only dramatically improved our ability of diagnosing spina bifida but also be a simple, economical and readily available alternative to MRI. Keywords: Spina Bifida, Ultrasonography, Sensitivity
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