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Journal articles on the topic 'Spin polarized STM/STS'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 9 March 2023

Last updated: 10 March 2023

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1

HAZE, Masahiro, Yasuo YOSHIDA, and Yukio HASEGAWA. "Spin Polarized STM/STS on Mn Thin Films on W(110) Using a Bulk Cr Tip." Hyomen Kagaku 36, no. 8 (2015): 403–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1380/jsssj.36.403.

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2

Safari, Mohammad Reza, Frank Matthes, Karl-Heinz Ernst, Daniel E. Bürgler, and Claus M. Schneider. "Deposition of Chiral Heptahelicene Molecules on Ferromagnetic Co and Fe Thin-Film Substrates." Nanomaterials 12, no. 19 (September 21, 2022): 3281. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12193281.

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The discovery of chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS), resulting from an interaction between the electron spin and handedness of chiral molecules, has sparked interest in surface-adsorbed chiral molecules due to potential applications in spintronics, enantioseparation, and enantioselective chemical or biological processes. We study the deposition of chiral heptahelicene by sublimation under ultra-high vacuum onto bare Cu(111), Co bilayer nanoislands on Cu(111), and Fe bilayers on W(110) by low-temperature spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS). In all cases, the molecules remain intact and adsorb with the proximal phenanthrene group aligned parallel to the surface. Three degenerate in-plane orientations on Cu(111) and Co(111), reflecting substrate symmetry, and only two on Fe(110), i.e., fewer than symmetry permits, indicate a specific adsorption site for each substrate. Heptahelicene physisorbs on Cu(111) but chemisorbs on Co(111) and Fe(110) bilayers, which nevertheless remain for the sub-monolayer coverage ferromagnetic and magnetized out-of-plane. We are able to determine the handedness of individual molecules chemisorbed on Fe(110) and Co(111), as previously reported for less reactive Cu(111). The demonstrated deposition control and STM/STS imaging capabilities for heptahelicene on Co/Cu(111) and Fe/W(110) substrate systems lay the foundation for studying CISS in ultra-high vacuum and on the microscopic level of single molecules in controlled atomic configurations.

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3

YAMADA, Toyokazu, and Tadashi MIZOGUCHI. "Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscopy/Spectroscopy and Quantitative Analysis Studied on Mn(001)." Hyomen Kagaku 26, no. 1 (2005): 2–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1380/jsssj.26.2.

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4

Mukasa, K., K. Sueoka, H. Hasegawa, Y. Tazuke, and K. Hayakawa. "Spin-polarized STM and its family." Materials Science and Engineering: B 31, no. 1-2 (April 1995): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-5107(94)08016-x.

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5

Khitrov, Greg. "Simultaneous Spin and Structure Maps by Spin-Polarized STM." MRS Bulletin 28, no. 1 (January 2003): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2003.3.

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6

Seridonio, A. C., F. M. Souza, and I. A. Shelykh. "Spin-polarized STM for a Kondo adatom." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 21, no. 9 (January 29, 2009): 095003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/21/9/095003.

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7

YAMADA, Toyo Kazu. "How to Get Molecular Spin-Polarization Using Spin-Polarized STM." Hyomen Kagaku 36, no. 7 (2015): 375–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1380/jsssj.36.375.

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8

Kubetzka, A., O. Pietzsch, M. Bode, R. Ravlić, and R. Wiesendanger. "Spin-Polarized STM Investigation of Magnetic Domain Walls." Acta Physica Polonica A 104, no. 3-4 (September 2003): 259–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.12693/aphyspola.104.259.

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9

YAMADA, Toyo Kazu. "Spin-Polarized STM Overview and Issues for Next Developments." Journal of the Vacuum Society of Japan 60, no. 5 (2017): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3131/jvsj2.60.159.

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10

Wieser, R., T. Stapelfeldt, E. Y. Vedmedenko, and R. Wiesendanger. "Manipulation of domain walls using a spin-polarized STM." EPL (Europhysics Letters) 97, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 17009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/97/17009.

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11

Bode, M. "Spin-Polarized STM: Imaging Magnetic Nanostructures with Atomic Resolution." Microscopy and Microanalysis 12, S02 (July 31, 2006): 506–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927606061459.

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12

XU, HAI, XIAN NING XIE, M. A. K. ZILANI, WEI CHEN, and ANDREW THYE SHEN WEE. "NANOSCALE CHARACTERIZATION BY SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY." COSMOS 03, no. 01 (November 2007): 23–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219607707000256.

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Nanoscale characterization is a key field in nanoscience and technology as it provides fundamental understanding of the properties and functionalities of materials down to the atomic and molecular scale. In this article, we review the development and application of scanning tunneling microscope (STM) techniques in nanoscale characterization. We will discuss the working principle, experimental setup, operational modes, and tip preparation methods of scanning tunneling microscope. Selected examples are provided to illustrate the application of STM in the nanocharacterization of semiconductors. In addition, new developments in STM techniques including spin-polarized STM (SP-STM) and multi-probe STM (MP-STM) are discussed in comparison with conventional non-magnetic and single tip STM methods.

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13

Xu, Zhen, Jing Liu, Shimin Hou, and Yongfeng Wang. "Manipulation of Molecular Spin State on Surfaces Studied by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy." Nanomaterials 10, no. 12 (November 30, 2020): 2393. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10122393.

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The adsorbed magnetic molecules with tunable spin states have drawn wide attention for their immense potential in the emerging fields of molecular spintronics and quantum computing. One of the key issues toward their application is the efficient controlling of their spin state. This review briefly summarizes the recent progress in the field of molecular spin state manipulation on surfaces. We focus on the molecular spins originated from the unpaired electrons of which the Kondo effect and spin excitation can be detected by scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM and STS). Studies of the molecular spin-carriers in three categories are overviewed, i.e., the ones solely composed of main group elements, the ones comprising 3d-metals, and the ones comprising 4f-metals. Several frequently used strategies for tuning molecular spin state are exemplified, including chemical reactions, reversible atomic/molecular chemisorption, and STM-tip manipulations. The summary of the successful case studies of molecular spin state manipulation may not only facilitate the fundamental understanding of molecular magnetism and spintronics but also inspire the design of the molecule-based spintronic devices and materials.

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14

Jordan, K., G. Mariotto, S. F. Ceballos, S. Murphy, and I. V. Shvets. "Spin polarized STM imaging of the (001) surface using antiferromagnetic tips." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 290-291 (April 2005): 1029–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2004.11.362.

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15

Nabhan, W., Y. Suzuki, R. Shinohara, K. Yamaguchi, and E. Tamura. "Effect of dichroism in the GaAs-tip-based spin polarized STM." Applied Surface Science 144-145 (April 1999): 570–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-4332(98)00867-8.

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16

Nabhan, W., and Y. Suzuki. "Ferromagnetic domains imaging with a spin-polarized STM using GaAs tips." Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing 66, no. 7 (March 1, 1998): S101—S105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003390051109.

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17

Schouteden, K., D. A. Muzychenko, and C. Van Haesendonck. "Spin-Polarized Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy of Self-Organized Nanoscale Co Islands on Au(111) Surfaces." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 8, no. 7 (July 1, 2008): 3616–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2008.412.

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Magnetic monolayer and bilayer Co islands of only a few nanometer in size were grown by atomic deposition on atomically flat Au(111) films. The islands were studied in situ by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy at low temperatures. Spin-resolved tunneling spectroscopy, using an STM tip with a magnetic coating, revealed that the Co islands exhibit a net magnetization perpendicular to the substrate surface due to the presence of spin-polarized d-states. A random distribution of islands with either upward or downward pointing magnetization was observed, without any specific correlation of magnetization orientation with island size or island height.

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18

Pietzsch, Oswald, and Roland Wiesendanger. "Non-collinear magnetic order in nanostructures investigated by spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy." Pure and Applied Chemistry 83, no. 11 (July 10, 2011): 1981–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac-con-11-02-09.

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The successful conjunction of the ultimate spatial resolution capability of the scanning tunneling microscope (STM) with the sensitivity to the spin of the tunneling electrons has opened the door to investigations of magnetism at the nanoscale where the fundamental interactions responsible for magnetic order can be studied. Spin-polarized (SP) STM allows insight into a fascinating world with surprisingly rich magnetic phenomena. Ferromagnetic structures with magnetic domains are found at nanometer length scales, or 2D antiferromagnetically ordered monolayers (MLs) where the magnetization is reversed from one atom to the next. Such collinearly ordered states may be modified by the Dzyaloshinsky–Moriya (DM) interaction which can induce a small canting angle between neighboring atomic moments, thus giving rise to novel non-collinear spin spiral ground states. DM interaction is a result of electron scattering in a crystal environment with broken inversion symmetry. Spin spirals were observed in a variety of systems, like ultrathin Fe films, or MLs of Mn atoms on the (110) and (001) faces of a W crystal. Using a magnetically sensitive probe tip, individual Co atoms were assembled to form chains on top of a spin spiral. The magnetization orientation of each individual atom can be manipulated by repositioning it along the spin spiral.

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19

Murphy, S., J. Osing, and I. V. Shvets. "Fabrication of submicron-scale manganese–nickel tips for spin-polarized STM studies." Applied Surface Science 144-145 (April 1999): 497–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-4332(98)00852-6.

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20

Huang, Haiming, Mingming Shuai, Yulong Yang, Rui Song, Yanghui Liao, Lifeng Yin, and Jian Shen. "Cryogen free spin polarized scanning tunneling microscopy and magnetic exchange force microscopy with extremely low noise." Review of Scientific Instruments 93, no. 7 (July 1, 2022): 073703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0095271.

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Spin polarized scanning tunneling microscopy (SP-STM) and magnetic exchange force microscopy (MExFM) are powerful tools to characterize spin structure at the atomic scale. For low temperature measurements, liquid helium cooling is commonly used, which has the advantage of generating low noise but has the disadvantage of having difficulties in carrying out measurements with long durations at low temperatures and measurements with a wide temperature range. The situation is just reversed for cryogen-free STM, where the mechanical vibration of the refrigerator becomes a major challenge. In this work, we have successfully built a cryogen-free system with both SP-STM and MExFM capabilities, which can be operated under a 9 T magnetic field provided by a cryogen-free superconducting magnet and in a wide temperature range between 1.4 and 300 K. With the help of our specially designed vibration isolation system, the noise is reduced to an extremely low level of 0.7 pm. The Fe/Ir(111) magnetic skyrmion lattice is used to demonstrate the technical novelties of our cryogen-free system.

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21

Matsuda, T., A. Tonomura, T. K. Yamada, D. Okuyama, N. Mizuno, A. L. Vazquez V de Parga, H. van Kempen, and T. Mizoguchi. "Characterization of Fe/W spin-polarized tips by means of holographic TEM and spin-polarized STS of optically pumped p-GaAs." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 41, no. 10 (October 2005): 3727–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2005.854672.

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22

Ara, Ferdous, Hirofumi Oka, Yasuyuki Sainoo, Keiichi Katoh, Masahiro Yamashita, and Tadahiro Komeda. "Spin properties of single-molecule magnet of double-decker Tb(III)-phthalocyanine (TbPc2) on ferromagnetic Co film characterized by spin polarized STM (SP-STM)." Journal of Applied Physics 125, no. 18 (May 14, 2019): 183901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5079964.

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23

Enayat, Mostafa, Zhixiang Sun, Udai Raj Singh, Ramakrishna Aluru, Stefan Schmaus, Alexander Yaresko, Yong Liu, et al. "Real-space imaging of the atomic-scale magnetic structure of Fe1+yTe." Science 345, no. 6197 (July 31, 2014): 653–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1251682.

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Spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy (SP-STM) has been used extensively to study magnetic properties of nanostructures. Using SP-STM to visualize magnetic order in strongly correlated materials on an atomic scale is highly desirable, but challenging. We achieved this goal in iron tellurium (Fe1+yTe), the nonsuperconducting parent compound of the iron chalcogenides, by using a STM tip with a magnetic cluster at its apex. Our images of the magnetic structure reveal that the magnetic order in the monoclinic phase is a unidirectional stripe order; in the orthorhombic phase at higher excess iron concentration (y > 0.12), a transition to a phase with coexisting magnetic orders in both directions is observed. It may be possible to generalize the technique to other high-temperature superconductor families, such as the cuprates.

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24

Tang, Hao, Nathalie Tarrat, Véronique Langlais, and Yongfeng Wang. "Adsorption of iron tetraphenylporphyrin on (111) surfaces of coinage metals: a density functional theory study." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 8 (November 23, 2017): 2484–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.8.248.

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The adsorption of the iron tetraphenylporphyrin (FeTPP) molecule in its deckchair conformation was investigated on Au(111), Ag(111) and Cu(111) surfaces by performing spin-polarized density functional theory (DFT) calculations taking into account both van der Waals (vdW) interaction and on-site Coulomb repulsion. The deckchair conformation of the molecule favours intermolecular π–π-type interactions in a less densely packed monolayer than the saddle conformation. The activation barrier between the two stable magnetic states (high spin, S = 2 and intermediate spin, S = 1) of the molecule in vacuum disappears upon adsorption on the metal surfaces. The high-spin state of physisorbed FeTPP is stable on all adsorption sites. This result reveals that an external permanent element such as a STM tip or an additional molecule is needed to use FeTPP or similar molecules as model system for molecular spin switches.

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25

Liu, Xiaomeng, Gelareh Farahi, Cheng-Li Chiu, Zlatko Papic, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Michael P. Zaletel, and Ali Yazdani. "Visualizing broken symmetry and topological defects in a quantum Hall ferromagnet." Science 375, no. 6578 (January 21, 2022): 321–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abm3770.

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The interaction between electrons in graphene under high magnetic fields drives the formation of a rich set of quantum Hall ferromagnetic (QHFM) phases with broken spin or valley symmetry. Visualizing atomic-scale electronic wave functions with scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS), we resolved microscopic signatures of valley ordering in QHFM phases and spectral features of fractional quantum Hall phases of graphene. At charge neutrality, we observed a field-tuned continuous quantum phase transition from a valley-polarized state to an intervalley coherent state, with a Kekulé distortion of its electronic density. Mapping the valley texture extracted from STS measurements of the Kekulé phase, we could visualize valley skyrmion excitations localized near charged defects. Our techniques can be applied to examine valley-ordered phases and their topological excitations in a wide range of materials.

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26

YOSHIDA, Yasuo. "Condensed Matter Experiment in Multiple-extreme Conditions to Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscopy." Hyomen Kagaku 33, no. 5 (2012): 308–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1380/jsssj.33.308.

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27

Diniz, Ginetom S., Edson Vernek, and George B. Martins. "Band Polarization Effect on the Kondo State in a Zigzag Silicene Nanoribbon." Nanomaterials 12, no. 9 (April 27, 2022): 1480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12091480.

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Using the Numerical Renormalization Group method, we study the properties of a quantum impurity coupled to a zigzag silicene nanoribbon (ZSNR) that is subjected to the action of a magnetic field applied in a generic direction. We propose a simulation of what a scanning tunneling microscope will see when investigating the Kondo peak of a magnetic impurity coupled to the metallic edge of this topologically non-trivial nanoribbon. This system is subjected to an external magnetic field that polarizes the host much more strongly than the impurity. Thus, we are indirectly analyzing the ZSNR polarization through the STM analysis of the fate of the Kondo state subjected to the influence of the polarized conduction electron band. Our numerical simulations demonstrate that the spin-orbit-coupling-generated band polarization anisotropy is strong enough to have a qualitative effect on the Kondo peak for magnetic fields applied along different directions, suggesting that this contrast could be experimentally detected.

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28

Wiesendanger, R. "Correlation Between Nanoscale Structural, Electronic, and Magnetic Properties of Thin Films by Scanning-Probe Microscopy and Spectroscopy." MRS Bulletin 22, no. 8 (August 1997): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400033789.

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Heteroepitaxial pseudomorphic thin-film growth allows the stabilization of solids in structures—that is, with crystalline symmetries and lattice constants that are far from those of the corresponding bulk material. This facilitates the tailoring of materials properties that do not exist in nature. Usually a strong correlation is found between the atomic, electronic, and magnetic structure of thin films, which leads to a drastic dependence of their physical properties on the details of growth conditions such as substrate temperature, evaporation rate, and background pressure. To learn more about the fundamental relationship between structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of thin films as well as to improve the reproducibility of their physical properties in view of technical applications, it is mandatory to apply experimental techniques with sufficient, ultimately atomic spatial resolution combined with high sensitivity. The class of scanning-probe microscopies and spectroscopies is ideally suited for that purpose as schematically illustrated in Figure 1. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) establishes the correlation between atomic structure and local electronic properties, while spin-polarized scanning tunneling spectroscopy (SPSTS) relates local electronic and magnetic properties. Additionally the correlationbetween topographical and magnetic structure can be addressed by magnetic force microscopy (MFM) though the spatial resolution is limited to about 10–50 nm. Since magnetic thin films are usually sensitive to oxidation, their preparation and characterization have to be performed in situ under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions in order to achieve reproducible experimental conditions. While STS is now routinely applied in UHV, it has only been recently that the first MFM studies under UHV conditions have been reported. In the following, representative examples of the application of STS, SPSTS, and MFM in ultrathin Fe, Gd, and Co films will be presented.

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29

Villarreal, Renan. "(Invited, Digital Presentation) Single-Atom Quantum Magnetism in 2D Materials." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 12 (July 7, 2022): 874. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-0112874mtgabs.

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With the advent of 2D materials, the playground to study spins in dilute and non-dilute phases has expanded. This is appealing for utilizing the additional degrees of freedom of electron systems such as spin and valley and, from the fundamental point of view, to better understand atomic scale magnetic phenomena in low dimensional materials. Dilute magnetism in 2D materials can lead to complex magnetic phenomena (e.g., Kondo effect, RKKY-interactions, quantum relaxation and coherence), with potential for applications in spintronics (e.g., spin FETs) and quantum technologies (e.g., single-atom quantum memories). We are investigating how to selectively incorporate substitutional magnetic atoms (3d transition metals and 4f rare earths) in 2D materials, using ultra low energy ion implantation, and we characterize their structural, electronic, and magnetic properties [1]. Ultra-low energy (ULE) ion implantation allows us to precisely tune the kinetic energy of the ions, providing control over the form of incorporation and concentration while preserving the structural and electronic properties of graphene. Our approach is based on a wide range of characterization techniques (structural and electronic), including scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM/STS), Raman spectroscopy, synchrotron-based X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD), among others. These experimental studies are complemented by density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The new insights provided by our work establish a framework for the controlled incorporation of magnetic dopants in 2D materials, using ULE ion implantation. [1] P. C. Lin et al., ACS Nano 15(3), 5449-5458 (2021).

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30

Qiu, Zhizhan, Matthew Holwill, Thomas Olsen, Pin Lyu, Jing Li, Hanyan Fang, Huimin Yang, Mikhail Kashchenko, Kostya S. Novoselov, and Jiong Lu. "Visualizing atomic structure and magnetism of 2D magnetic insulators via tunneling through graphene." Nature Communications 12, no. 1 (January 4, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-20376-w.

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AbstractThe discovery of two-dimensional (2D) magnetism combined with van der Waals (vdW) heterostructure engineering offers unprecedented opportunities for creating artificial magnetic structures with non-trivial magnetic textures. Further progress hinges on deep understanding of electronic and magnetic properties of 2D magnets at the atomic scale. Although local electronic properties can be probed by scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS), its application to investigate 2D magnetic insulators remains elusive due to absence of a conducting path and their extreme air sensitivity. Here we demonstrate that few-layer CrI3 (FL-CrI3) covered by graphene can be characterized electronically and magnetically via STM by exploiting the transparency of graphene to tunneling electrons. STS reveals electronic structures of FL-CrI3 including flat bands responsible for its magnetic state. AFM-to-FM transition of FL-CrI3 can be visualized through the magnetic field dependent moiré contrast in the dI/dV maps due to a change of the electronic hybridization between graphene and spin-polarised CrI3 bands with different interlayer magnetic coupling. Our findings provide a general route to probe atomic-scale electronic and magnetic properties of 2D magnetic insulators for future spintronics and quantum technology applications.

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31

Weinberger, P. "Performing spin-polarized STM experiments theoretically." Physical Review B 81, no. 17 (May 13, 2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.81.174410.

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32

Wiesendanger, R., D. Buergler, G. Tarrach, I. V. Shvets, and H. J. Guentherodt. "Spin-Polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (SPSTM)." MRS Proceedings 231 (1991). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-231-37.

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AbstractWe report on a novel promising technique for the investigation of magnetic structures at surfaces at high spatial resolution, ultimately down to the atomic scale. This technique is based on the observation of vacuum tunneling of spin-polarized electrons by means of a scanning tunneling microscope (STM). We discuss appropriate probe tips for the spin-polarized STM (SPSTM) and describe initial experimental results. We further focus on the information obtained by SPSTM. Finally, the perspectives of SPSTM will be discussed.

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33

Nussinov, Z., M. F. Crommie, and A. V. Balatsky. "Noise spectroscopy of a single spin with spin-polarized STM." Physical Review B 68, no. 8 (August 7, 2003). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.68.085402.

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34

Li, Yaqi, Jingwei Zhang, Xun Xu, Weichang Hao, Jincheng Zhuang, and Yi Du. "Advances in Bismuth-Based Topological Quantum Materials by Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy." Materials Futures, July 28, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2752-5724/ac84f5.

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Abstract Topological quantum materials (TQMs) have attracted intensive attentions recent years in the area of condensed matter physics due to their novel topologies and the promising application in quantum computing, spin electronics, and next generation of integrated circuits. The scanning tunneling microscope/spectroscope (STM/STS) is regarded as a powerful technique to characterize the local density of state with atomic resolution, which is ideally dedicated to the measurements of bulk-boundary correspondence of TQMs. In this review, recent research on the bismuth-based TQMs, including quantum-spin Hall insulators, three-dimensional weak topological insulators, high-order topological insulators, topological Dirac semimetals, and dual topological insulators, by STM/STS is focused on. The efficient methods of the modulation of the topological properties of the TQMs are introduced, such as interlayer interaction, thickness variation, and local electric field perturbation, and finally, the challenges and prospects for this field are discussed.

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35

Wang, Xiaoli, Qingfeng Zhuang, Ping Wu, Leifang Liu, Fang Wang, x. zhang, Xiangyang Li, and Xiao Zheng. "Tweezers-like magnetic tip control of the local spin state in FeOEP/Pb(111) adsorption system: A preliminary exploration based on first-principles calculation." Nanoscale, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2nr04379c.

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Magnetic interactions between the spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy (SP-STM) tip and localized spin impurities lead to various forms of the Kondo effect. Although these intriguing phenomena enrich Kondo physics, detailed...

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36

Berdunov, N., S. Murphy, G. Mariotto, and I. V. Shvets. "Spin-Dependent STM Tunnelling Study of the Patterned Magnetite (111) Surface." MRS Proceedings 788 (2003). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-788-l2.9.

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ABSTRACTUnder oxidizing preparation conditions the magnetite (111) surface reconstructs to a highly ordered superlattice. This surface reconstruction represents an oxygen-termination of the magnetite bulk. We employ spin-polarized (SP) STM to study the spin-dependent tunnelling between a magnetite (111) sample and an antiferromagnetic tip through a vacuum barrier. Atomic scale STM images show significant magnetic contrast corresponding to variations in the local surface states induced by oxygen vacancies. The local variations of the tunnelling magnetoresistance around these vacancies correspond to 150%. By employing SP-STM measurements and First principles calculations we could conclude that an oxygen top-layer considerably changes the SP properties of the magnetite surface. We explain the appearance of the superstructure in terms of electron-lattice instability due to the surface strain.

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37

Hus, Saban M., X. G. Zhang, Giang D. Nguyen, Wonhee Ko, Arthur P. Baddorf, Yong P. Chen, and An-Ping Li. "Detection of the Spin-Chemical Potential in Topological Insulators Using Spin-Polarized Four-Probe STM." Physical Review Letters 119, no. 13 (September 27, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.119.137202.

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38

Yang, Fang, Y. R. Song, H. Li, K. F. Zhang, X. Yao, Canhua Liu, Dong Qian, C. L. Gao, and Jin-Feng Jia. "Identifying Magnetic Anisotropy of the Topological Surface State ofCr0.05Sb1.95Te3with Spin-Polarized STM." Physical Review Letters 111, no. 17 (October 25, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.111.176802.

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39

Berbil-Bautista, Luis, Stefan Krause, Matthias Bode, Antonio Badía-Majós, César de la Fuente, Roland Wiesendanger, and José Ignacio Arnaudas. "Nanoscale spin structures dominated by magnetoelastic interactions around dislocation cores as seen via spin-polarized STM." Physical Review B 80, no. 24 (December 14, 2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.80.241408.

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40

Xing, Yuqing, Jianlei Shen, Hui Chen, Li Huang, Yuxiang Gao, Qi Zheng, Yu-Yang Zhang, et al. "Localized spin-orbit polaron in magnetic Weyl semimetal Co3Sn2S2." Nature Communications 11, no. 1 (November 5, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19440-2.

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Abstract The kagome lattice Co3Sn2S2 exhibits the quintessential topological phenomena of a magnetic Weyl semimetal such as the chiral anomaly and Fermi-arc surface states. Probing its magnetic properties is crucial for understanding this correlated topological state. Here, using spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/S) and non-contact atomic force microscopy (nc-AFM) combined with first-principle calculations, we report the discovery of localized spin-orbit polarons (SOPs) with three-fold rotation symmetry nucleated around single S-vacancies in Co3Sn2S2. The SOPs carry a magnetic moment and a large diamagnetic orbital magnetization of a possible topological origin associated relating to the diamagnetic circulating current around the S-vacancy. Appreciable magneto-elastic coupling of the SOP is detected by nc-AFM and STM. Our findings suggest that the SOPs can enhance magnetism and more robust time-reversal-symmetry-breaking topological phenomena. Controlled engineering of the SOPs may pave the way toward practical applications in functional quantum devices.

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Zhang, Yu, Liangguang Jia, Yaoyao Chen, Lin He, and Yeliang Wang. "Recent advances of defect-induced spin and valley polarized states in graphene." Chinese Physics B, May 18, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/ac70c4.

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Abstract Electrons in graphene have fourfold spin and valley degeneracies owing to the unique bipartite honeycomb lattice and an extremely weak spin-orbit coupling, which can support a series of broken symmetry states. Atomic-scale defects in graphene are expected to lift these degenerate degrees of freedom at the nanoscale, and hence, lead to rich quantum states, highlighting promising directions for spintronics and valleytronics. In this article, we mainly review the recent scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) advances on the spin and/or valley polarized states induced by an individual atomic-scale defect in graphene, including a single-carbon vacancy, a nitrogen-atom dopant, and a hydrogen-atom chemisorption. Lastly, we give a perspective in this field.

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Corbett, Joseph Perry, Keng-Yuan Meng, Jacob Repicky, Reyes Garcia-Diaz, James Rowland, Adam Ahmed, N. Takeuchi, J. Guerrero-Sánchez, Fengyuan Yang, and Jay Gupta. "Spin Polarized Stm Imaging of Nanoscale Néel Skyrmions in an Sriro3/Srruo3 Perovskite Bilayer." SSRN Electronic Journal, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4003988.

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43

Saha, K., Sourin Das, K. Sengupta, and Diptiman Sen. "Spin-polarized STM spectra of Dirac electrons on the surface of a topological insulator." Physical Review B 84, no. 16 (October 24, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.84.165439.

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Thakurathi, Manisha, Denis Chevallier, Daniel Loss, and Jelena Klinovaja. "Transport signatures of bulk topological phases in double Rashba nanowires probed by spin-polarized STM." Physical Review Research 2, no. 2 (May 20, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevresearch.2.023197.

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Seridonio, A. C., F. S. Orahcio, F. M. Souza, and M. S. Figueira. "Non-Zeeman splitting for a spin-resolved STM with a Kondo adatom in a spin-polarized two-dimensional electron gas." Physical Review B 85, no. 16 (April 6, 2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.85.165109.

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46

Stühler, R., A. Kowalewski, F. Reis, D. Jungblut, F. Dominguez, B. Scharf, G. Li, J. Schäfer, E. M. Hankiewicz, and R. Claessen. "Effective lifting of the topological protection of quantum spin Hall edge states by edge coupling." Nature Communications 13, no. 1 (June 16, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-30996-z.

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AbstractThe scientific interest in two-dimensional topological insulators (2D TIs) is currently shifting from a more fundamental perspective to the exploration and design of novel functionalities. Key concepts for the use of 2D TIs in spintronics are based on the topological protection and spin-momentum locking of their helical edge states. In this study we present experimental evidence that topological protection can be (partially) lifted by pairwise coupling of 2D TI edges in close proximity. Using direct wave function mapping via scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS) we compare isolated and coupled topological edges in the 2D TI bismuthene. The latter situation is realized by natural lattice line defects and reveals distinct quasi-particle interference (QPI) patterns, identified as electronic Fabry-Pérot resonator modes. In contrast, free edges show no sign of any single-particle backscattering. These results pave the way for novel device concepts based on active control of topological protection through inter-edge hybridization for, e.g., electronic Fabry-Pérot interferometry.

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Pierce, D. T., M. R. Scheinfein, J. Unguris, and R. J. Celotta. "Magnetic Microstructure of Thin Films and Surfaces: Exploiting Spin-Polarized Electrons in the SEM and STM." MRS Proceedings 151 (1989). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-151-49.

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ABSTRACTMagnetic microstructure, that is the configuration of domains and domain walls in a magnetic material, is of both fundamental interest and of crucial importance for device applications. For example, the ultimate density of magnetic information storage is limited by the sharpness of a domain boundary. The magnetic microstructure of a thin film or surface depends sensitively on its physical structure which is strongly affected by sample preparation or growth. High resolution magnetization imaging is necessary to determine the domain configuration that occurs for a particular sample preparation and the changes that take place under external perturbations such as applied magnetic field, stress or temperature.

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Trainer, Christopher, Olivia R. Armitage, Harry Lane, Luke C. Rhodes, Edmond Chan, Izidor Benedičič, J. A. Rodriguez-Rivera, O. Fabelo, Chris Stock, and Peter Wahl. "Relating spin-polarized STM imaging and inelastic neutron scattering in the van der Waals ferromagnet Fe3GeTe2." Physical Review B 106, no. 8 (August 15, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.106.l081405.

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Weinberger, P. "Fully relativisticab initiodescription of spin-polarized STM experiments in terms of magnetic-field-dependent tunneling currents." Physical Review B 80, no. 6 (August 28, 2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.80.060403.

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Seridonio, A. C., S. C. Leandro, L. H. Guessi, E. C. Siqueira, F. M. Souza, E. Vernek, M. S. Figueira, and J. C. Egues. "Dimensionality effects in the local density of states of ferromagnetic hosts probed via STM: Spin-polarized quantum beats and spin filtering." Physical Review B 87, no. 12 (March 5, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.87.125104.

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