Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Spin effect'
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Trifu, Alexandru Vladimir. "Mesures de couples de spin orbite dans des héterostructures métal lourde/ferromagnet à base de Pt, avec anisotropie magnétique planaire." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAY044/document.
Full textMoore’s law is based on empirical observation and states that every two years approximately, the number of transistors in dense integrated circuits doubles. This trend has held up well in the past several decades (1970s and onwards). However, the continuous miniaturisation of transistors brings about a significant increase in leakage current, which increases the stand-by power consumption. This energy loss has become a major problem in microelectronics during the last several years, making the development of new technologies more difficult. One of the solutions that can address this issue is to place non-volatile memory elements inside the chip, that retain the configuration of the transistor during power-off and allow to restore it at power-on. Magnetic Random Access Memories (MRAM) are considered by the ITRS as a credible candidate for the potential replacement for SRAM and DRAM beyond the 20 nm technological node. Though the basic requirements for reading and writing a single memory element are fulfilled, the present approach based on Spin Transfer Torque (STT) suffers from an innate lack of flexibility. The electric current drives the magnetization switching of a free ferromagnetic layer by transferring angular momentum from an adjacent ferromagnet. Therefore, STT-based memory elements are two terminal devices in which the “pillar” shape defines both the “read” and the “write” current paths. Independent optimisation of the reading and writing parameters is therefore difficult, while the large writing current density injected through the tunnel barrier causes its accelerated ageing, particularly for fast switching. Consequently, the integration of MRAM into semiconductor technology poses significant difficulties.Recent demonstrations of magnetization switching induced by in-plane current injection in heavy metal (HM)/ferromagnet (FM) heterostructures have drawn increasing attention to spin-torques based on orbital-to-spin momentum transfer induced by Spin Hall and interfacial effects (SOTs). Unlike STT-MRAM, the in-plane current injection geometry of SOT-MRAM allows for a three-terminal device which decouples the “read” and “write” mechanisms, allowing the independent tuning of reading and writing parameters. However, an essential first step in order to control and optimise the SOTs for any kind of application, is to better understand their origin. The origin of the SOTs remains one of the most important unanswered questions to date. While some experimental studies suggest a SHE (Spin Hall Effect)-only model for the SOTs, others point towards a combined contribution of the bulk (SHE) and interface (Rashba Effect and Interfacial SHE). At the same time, many studies start with a SHE only hypothesis and do not consider interfacial effects. Furthermore, there are not so many systematic studies on the effects of interfaces. This thesis tries to fill in this gap, by providing a systematic study on the effects of interfaces on the SOTs, in Pt-based NM/FM/HM multilayers with in-plane magnetic anisotropy. For this purpose, this thesis explores three different, but related avenues. First, we changed the interface/bulk effect ratio by modifying the Pt thickness and following the evolution of the SOTs. Second, we explored different HM/FM/NM combinations, in order to study different interfaces. And third, we changed the properties of the interfaces by changing the crystallographic structure of the interface and by oxidation. The measurement technique and associated data analysis method, as well as the theoretical considerations needed for the interpretation of the results are also detailed in this manuscript
Kalappattil, Vijaysankar. "Spin Seebeck effect and related phenomena in functional magnetic oxides." Scholar Commons, 2018. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7632.
Full textCunningham, Elizabeth Sarah. "The effect of spin-spin interactions on nucleon-nucleus scattering." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.527010.
Full textAndersson, Sebastian. "Spin-diode effect and thermally controlled switching in magnetic spin-valves." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Nanostrukturfysik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-91300.
Full textQC 20120313
VENKATRAMAN, LAKSHMI. "A STUDY OF COHERENT SPIN TRANSPORT THROUGH SPIN FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTORS." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1122138803.
Full textNoel, Paul. "Dynamical spin injection and spin to charge current conversion in oxide-based Rashba interfaces and topological insulators." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAY062.
Full textUsing a ferromagnetic layer has been the first method to obtain and detect spin currents, allowing to modify the magnetization state of an adjacent layer using spin transfer torque. However, in recent years, an alternative way to manipulate spin currents has been proposed. An emerging field of spintronics, called spin-orbitronics, exploits the interplay between charge and spin currents enabled by the spin-orbit coupling (SOC) in non-magnetic systems. An efficient current conversion can be obtained through the Spin Hall Effect in heavy metals such as Platinum or Tantalum. The conversion can also be obtained by exploiting the Edelstein Effect in Rashba interfaces and topological insulators.The spin to charge conversion by means of Inverse Edelstein Effect and inverse Spin Hall Effect can be studied by the spin pumping by ferromagnetic resonance technique. This manuscript present these two conversion mechanisms as well as the technique that was used to measure them, which is based on an electrical detection of the ferromagnetic resonance. Results on the spin to charge current conversion obtained in metals, oxide-based Rashba interfaces and topological insulators will be presented. Among these systems we have demonstrated the possibility to tune the conversion efficiency by using a gate voltage in a two-dimensional electron gas at the surface of an oxide SrTiO3. Moreover it is possible to tune this effect, a remanent way, thanks to the ferroelectricity obtained in SrTiO3 at cryogenic temperatures.Other studied systems such as topological insulators HgTe and Sb2Te3 also have promising properties for an efficient spin to charge current conversion at room temperature. In particular we showed than in HgTe by using a thin HgCdTe protective layer, it is possible to obtain a spin to charge current conversion efficiency one order of magnitude larger than in Pt.These results suggest that stwo dimensional electron gases at oxide interfaces and topological insulators have a strong potential for the efficient detection of spin currents for possible beyond CMOS applications
Zhang, Wenxian. "Spin-1 atomic condensates in magnetic fields." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005, 2005. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-04292005-151243/.
Full textZ. John Zhang, Committee Member ; Mei-Yin Chou, Committee Member ; Chandra Raman, Committee Member ; Michael S. Chapman, Committee Member ; Li You, Committee Chair. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
Guillet, Thomas. "Tuning the spin-orbit coupling in Ge for spin generation, detection and manipulation." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALY033.
Full textOne of the main goals of spintronics is to achieve the spin transistor operation and for this purpose, one has to successfully implement a platform where spin currents can be easily injected, detected and manipulated at room temperature. In this sense, this thesis work shows that Germanium is a very good candidate thanks to its unique spin and optical properties as well as its compatibility with Silicon-based nanotechnology.Throughout the years, several spin injection and detection schemes were achieved in Ge but the electrical manipulation of the spin orientation is still a missing part. Recently we focused on two approaches in order to tune the spin-orbit interaction (SOI) in a Ge-based platform. Both rely on the structural inversion asymmetry and the spin-orbit coupling at surfaces and interfaces with germanium (111). First, we performed the epitaxial growth of the topological insulator (TI) Bi2Se3 on Ge (111). After characterizing the structural and electrical properties of the Bi2Se3/Ge heterostructure, we developed an original method to probe the spin-to-charge conversion at the interface between Bi2Se3and Ge by taking advantage of the Ge optical properties. The results showed that the hybridization between the Ge and TI surface states could pave the way for implementing an efficient spin manipulation architecture.The latter approach is to exploit the intrinsic SOI of Ge (111). By investigating the electrical properties of a thin Ge(111) film epitaxially grown on Si(111), we found a large unidirectional Rashba magnetoresistance, which we ascribe to the interplay between the externally applied magnetic field and the current-induced pseudo-magnetic field in the spin-splitted subsurface states of Ge (111). The unusual strength and tunability of this UMR effect open the door towards spin manipulation with electric fields in an all-semiconductor technology platform.In a last step, I integrated perpendicularly magnetized (Co/Pt) multilayers-based magnetic tunnel junctions on the Ge (111) platform. I developed an original electro-optical hybrid technique to detect electrically the magnetic circular dichroism in (Co/Pt) and perform magnetic imagingThese MTJs were then used to perform spin injection and detection in a lateral spin valve device. The perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) allowed to generate spin currents with the spin oriented perpendicular to the sample plane.Finally, I assembled all these building blocks that were studied during my PhD work to build a prototypical spin transistor. The spin accumulation was generated either optically or electrically, using optical spin orientation in germanium or the injection from the magnetic tunnel junction
衛翰戈 and Hon-gor Wai. "The covalency effect in spin interactions." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1986. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31207479.
Full textXiao, Zhicheng. "Spin Hall effect of vortex beams." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1417816117.
Full textHahn, Christian. "Magnetization dynamics and pure spin currents in YIG/normal-metal systems." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066657.
Full textSpintronics aims at designing electronic devices which capitalize on the spin degree of freedom to transport information using spin currents. In order to incorporate spin currents intoelectronic devices, it is particularly interesting to study the interconversion from a spin current, the motion of spin angular momentum, to a charge current (Spin Hall Effect) as well as the transfer of spin angular momentum between the conduction electrons of a normal metal (NM) and the magnetization of a ferromagnet (FM) (Spin Transfer Torque/Spin Pumping). To investigate the interplay of those effects this thesis studies hybrid systems of the ferromagnetic insulator Yttrium Iron Garnet and normal metals with large spin-orbit coupling, a prerequisite for spin Hall e_ect. We study spin pumping and spin hall magnetoresistance in YIGjPt and YIGjTa bi-layers using extended _lms of 200 nm thick YIG, grown by liquid phase epitaxy. The inverse spin Hall voltages in Pt and Ta confirm the opposite signs of spin Hall angles in these two materials. Moreover, from the dependence of the inverse spin Hall voltage on the Ta thickness, we constrain the spin di_usion length in Ta. Both the YIGjPt and YIGjTa systems display a similar variation of resistance upon magnetic eld orientation, the spin Hall magnetoresistance. To study the inuence of interfacial spin pumping and a possible reverse e_ect, it is desirable to work with thin _lm thicknesses. A high quality 20 nm thick YIG _lm was grown by pulsed laser deposition, showing a damping similar to that of bulk YIG. We use nano-lithography to pattern series of YIG(20nm) and YIG(20nm)jPt(13nm) discs with diameters between 300 and 700 nm. The ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) spectra of the individual sub-micron sized samples are recorded through magnetic resonance force microscopy. . Passing dc-current through micron sized YIGjPt disks reveal a variation of the FMR linewidth consistent with the geometry and amplitude of the expected SHE transfer torque. In the absence of exciting microwave _elds, a variation in the magnetization is detected when the dc-current reaches the expected threshold for auto oscillations
Asano, Yasuhiro, Yukio Tanaka, Alexander A. Golubov, and Satoshi Kashiwaya. "Conductance Spectroscopy of Spin-Triplet Superconductors." American Physical Society, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/11290.
Full textDrouard, Marc. "Etude de l'origine des couples magnétiques induits par le couplage spin orbite dans des structures asymétriques à base de Co/Pt." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENY057/document.
Full textIn order to reduce power consumption in next generations’ electronic devices, one potentialsolution is to implement non-volatility in memory cells. In this goal, the magnetizationswitching of a ferromagnetic material has been used in a memory concept: the MRAM. Thelatest development of this technology, called SOT-RAM, is based on new phenomena calledSOTs (Spin-Orbit Torques) in order to control magnetization direction. Contrary to precedentgenerations (STT-MRAM), it should achieve a higher operating speed and an enduranceadapted for cache and main memories applications. SOTs is a generic term referring to all theeffects, linked to the spin-orbit interaction, and that enable magnetization reversal. They areyet not perfectly understood.The main objective of this Ph.D. was then to study these SOTs through a quasi-staticexperimental measurement setup based on anomalous and planar Hall effects. Itsimplementation and the associated analysis method, as well as the required theoreticalconsiderations for data interpretation are detailed in this manuscript. It has been highlightedthat magnetization switching in perpendicularly magnetization cobalt-platinum systemscannot be explained by the simple models considered thus far in the literature. As a matter offact it has been evidenced that at least two effects have to be considered in order to explainobserved phenomena. In addition, they present different susceptibility both to a modificationof the crystal structure and to a temperature change
Li, Jing. "Oblique Hanle effect in silicon spin transport devices." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 53 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1885755961&sid=6&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full textCheng, Yihong, Kai Chen, and Shufeng Zhang. "Giant magneto-spin-Seebeck effect and magnon transfer torques in insulating spin valves." AMER INST PHYSICS, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/627032.
Full textFeiler, Laura [Verfasser]. "Nonlinear spin-wave excitation detected by the inverse spin-Hall effect / Laura Feiler." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1126296376/34.
Full textXu, Huachun. "Spin hall effect in paramagnetic thin films." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2364.
Full textZarbo, Liviu. "Mesoscopic spin Hall effect in semiconductor nanostructures." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 199 p, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1397915111&sid=21&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full textPham, Thaï Ha. "Spin-Orbit effect in ferrimagnetic thin film." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0051.
Full textThe influence of spin-orbit coupling on transport properties has been a topic of strong and growing interest in the last ten years. In order to use of spin-orbit torque for applications in the field of spin electronics, it is necessary to reduce the critical current necessary for the reversal and to decrease or eliminate the planar external magnetic field applied. My thesis work concerns the experimental study of heavy metal / ferrimagnetic bilayer model systems (W / CoxTb1-x or Pt / CoxTb1 - x). In such ferrimagnetic alloys, the magnetization of the Cobalt sub-lattice is coupled antiparallel to the magnetization of the Terbium sub-lattice. These alloys are particularly interesting because for certain concentration, there is a temperature for which the magnetization of the two sub-networks are equal resulting in zero magnetization. This is the magnetization compensation temperature. At first I characterized these systems using magnetometry and Hall cross measurements for temperatures ranging from 10 to 350 K. The experiments of magnetization reversal of magnetization induced by the current were carried out in a "Spin- orbit torque” (SOT) geometry where the current pulses are injected into the plane and the reversal of the magnetization is detected by measuring the Hall resistance. The complete magnetization reversal was observed in all the samples. The current reversal was found to vary continuously with the alloy composition and we did not observe any reduction at the compensation point despite the large increase in the SOT efficiency. A model based on the coupled Landau-Lifschitz-Gilbert equations shows that the reversal current density is proportional to the effective perpendicular anisotropy, which does not decrease at the compensation point. Although TbCo has a strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, the reversal occurs for a weak planar magnetic field. We were able to show that the heating caused by the current plays an important role in the switching. Indeed the reversal seems to occur at a characteristic switching temperature (Tswitch) induced by Joule heating. Tswitch is larger than the magnetic and angular compensation temperatures, but lower than the Curie temperature. Everything happens as if it was necessary to reach a temperature close to the order temperature for the reversal to take place
Borunda, Bermudez Mario Francisco. "Topics in two-dimensional systems with spin-orbit interaction." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3225.
Full textPham, Van Tuong. "Nanostructures ferromagnétiques/non-magnétiques pour la mesure électrique de l'effet Spin Hall et la détection de murs de domaine." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAY026/document.
Full textThe bulk effect of the interconversion between charge current and spin current is activated by spin Hall effect (SHE) and its inverse. It is vastly recognized that the SHE originate of the strong spin–orbit coupling in nonmagnetic materials. This thesis is focused on a proposal techniques to characterize SHE and inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE) in the ferromagnetic/nonmagnetic (F/N) nanostructure and electrical detection of magnetic domain walls by using SHE and ISHE. We will briefly give the cornerstones and the basic spintronic concepts, in order to ease the understanding of the work presented in this thesis, and the state-of-the-art of the SHE investigations. In the second part, a technique of F/N nanostructure are proposed and applied to detect the spin Hall angle and spin diffusion length of Pt. Then the technique will be used to characterize the SHE/ISHE in different materials, heavy metal and alloys. The influence of the interfaces in the device will also investigated. In the last of this manuscript, we demonstrate a domain wall (DW) detection method, based on the ability for a ferromagnetic nanowire, in which a DW is pinned, to inject or detect a PSC what can be produced/detected by SHE/ISHE
Ngo, Anh T. "Spin-orbit Effects and Electronic Transport in Nanostructures." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1292260134.
Full textKehlberger, Andreas [Verfasser]. "Origin of the spin Seebeck effect / Andreas Kehlberger." Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek Mainz, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1079104496/34.
Full textLafont, O., S. M. H. Luk, P. Lewandowski, N. H. Kwong, P. T. Leung, E. Galopin, A. Lemaitre, et al. "Controlling the optical spin Hall effect with light." AMER INST PHYSICS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623050.
Full textAbdullah, Ranjdar M. "Spin current amplification by a geometrical ratchet effect." Thesis, University of York, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/8866/.
Full textBao, Yunjuan. "Resonant spin Hall effect in two-dimensional electron systems." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B34627819.
Full textLaczkowski, Piotr. "Courants de spin et l'effet Hall de spin dans des nanostructures latérales." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENY044/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis focus on the study of spin currents and of the spin Hall effect in lateralnano-structures. Lateral spin-valves based on Py/Al, Py/Cu and Py/Au, fabricated by meansof electron-beam lithography, have been optimized and characterized using magneto-resistancemeasurements. Non-local, GMR and Hanle effect measurements have been recorded at 300K and77K. The optimization of these lateral spin-valves allowed the observation of high spin signalamplitudes. Lateral and vertical confinement effects on the spin accumulation, by using confinednon-magnetic channel and AlOx tunnel barriers, were evidenced experimentally and describedtheoretically. Finite Elements Method simulations and analyses based on a 1D diffusion modelhave been developed, allowing the extraction from our experimental data of the effective spinpolarization Peff and of the spin diffusion length lNsf .Finally, the spin Hall effect of materials with high spin Hall angles (Pt, Au alloys) has beenstudied using both hybrid lateral nano-structures and spin pumping ferro-magnetic resonance
Hachiya, Marco Antonio de Oliveira. "Efeito Hall de spin em poços quânticos com acoplamento spin-órbita inter-subbanda." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/76/76131/tde-11092009-145126/.
Full textUsing the Kubo linear response theory, we investigate spin Hall conductivity $\\sigma_^$ in a two-dimensional electron gas in quantum wells with two subbands, when intersubband-induced spin-orbit coupling is operative [Bernardes et al. \\textit{Phys. Rev. Lett.} \\textbf, 076603 (2007) \\& Calsaverini \\textit{et al}. \\textit{Phys. Rev. B} \\textbf, 155313 (2008)]. This new spin-orbit term is non-zero even in symmetric structures and it arises from the distinct parity of the confined states. We find non-zero and non-universal $\\sigma_^$ (dependent on spin-orbit coupling strength $\\eta$) when only one of the subbands is occupied. This is in contrast to the Rashba spin-orbit interaction for which $\\sigma_^$ is identically zero. To obtain realistic values for $\\sigma_^$, we develop a self-consistent scheme to calculate $\\eta$. We performed this calcultion for different values of the eletronic density in single and double wells. We find that $\\sigma_^$ shows a non-monotonic behavior and a sign change as the Fermi energy (carrier density) varies between the two subband edges. However, our results indicate that $\\sigma_^$ is extremely small $\\left(``\\ll \\frac{8\\pi}\"ight)$ and possibly not measurable.
Bao, Yunjuan, and 暴云娟. "Resonant spin Hall effect in two-dimensional electron systems." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B34627819.
Full textLesne, Edouard. "Non-Equilibrium Spin Accumulation Phenomena at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3(001) Quasi-Two-Dimensional Electron System." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066417/document.
Full textWe investigated the generation, manipulation, and detection of non-equilibrium spin accumulation in the nonmagnetic LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (LAO/STO) oxide heterostructure, which is the host of a quasi-two-dimensional electron system (q2DES). In electrical tunneling spin injection experiments, we made use of the (three-terminal) Hanle effect to probe the magnitude of spin accumulation at Co/LAO/STO interfaces. We report on large amplification effects of the spin signal, ascribed to spin-conserving sequential tunneling processes via localized electronic states of enhanced spin lifetimes. A substantial modulation of the spin signal, by electrostatic field-effect, evidences the successful generation of spin accumulation inside the q2DES. We further resorted to ferromagnetic resonance experiments in a cavity to adiabatically pump a spin current from a permalloy layer toward the LAO/STO interface. We find that the generated spin current is converted into a sizeable planar charge current within the q2DES. This is attributed to an inverse Edelstein effect deriving from a Rashba-like spin-orbit interaction, both of which are efficiently modulated by electrostatic field-effect. Hence, our findings expand the general field of interest from planar charge transport to the exploration of spin-dependent phenomena in a prototypical nonmagnetic conducting oxide channel. Additionally, we have also demonstrated that the critical thickness threshold for the onset of a q2DES at LAO/STO interfaces can be reduced to a single unit cell of LAO when resorting to various metal capping layers. It opens up a new field of investigation to tentatively identify the potential mechanisms driving the formation of the q2DES
Konschelle, François. "Supraconductivité en présence de forts effets paramagnétique et spin-orbite." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00517920.
Full textWu, Jing. "Optical pump-probe studies of spin dynamics in ferromagnetic materials." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364427.
Full textChoi, Deung jang. "Kondo effect and detection of a spin-polarized current in a quantum point contact." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAE029/document.
Full textThe Kondo effect of these single objects represents a model system to study electron correlations, which are nowadays of importance in relation to the emerging field of spin electronics, also known as spintronics, where chemical elements with partially filled d or f shells play a central role. Also of particular interest to spintronics is the interaction of single Kondo impurities with ferromagnetic leads or with other magnetic impurities. A Kondo impurity is in fact sensitive to its magnetic environment as the ASK resonance is usually split into two resonances in the presence of magnetic interactions. To some extent, the ASK resonance acts as a two-fold degenerate energy level of an atom which undergoes a Zeeman splitting in the presence of an effective magnetic field. Conversely, the detection of a Zeeman splitting indicates the existence of a magnetic field. In a QD, the coupling of the QD to the two leads is very weak in general, and the Kondo resonance is in the range of a few meV. Many studies focusing on magnetic interaction have been carried out on QDs, due to the high control that can be extended to the ASK resonance and its low energy range, allowing to split the resonance with a magnetic field of 10 T. Similar work has also been carried out in single-molecule or lithographically-defined devices. Although STM is an ideal tool to study the Kondo effect of single atoms, there is still a strong lack of experimental studies concerning atoms in the presence of magnetic interactions. This is partly due to the stronger impurity-metal hybridization compared to QDs, which places the ASK width in the range of 10 meV. An effective magnetic field of 100 T would be needed to split the resonance. The present Thesis is devoted precisely at studying the interaction between a single Kondo impurity with its magnetic environment through STM. A new strategy is adopted herecompared to former studies of this kind. Firstly, we contact a single-magnetic atom on a surface with a STM tip thereby eliminating the vacuum barrier. Secondly, we use ferromagnetic tips. The contact with a single atom allows probing the influence of ferromagnetism on the Kondo impurity i. e. its ASK resonance. But most importantly, the contact geometry produces sufficiently high current densities compared to the tunneling regime, so that the ASK resonance becomes sensitive to the presence of a spin-polarized current. This constitutes the first atomic scale detection of a spin-polarized current with a single Kondo impurity
Aizawa, Hirohito, Kazuhiko Kuroki, and Yukio Tanaka. "Strong magnetic field enhancement of spin triplet pairing arising from coexisting 2k_F spin and 2k_F charge fluctuations." American Physical Society, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/11284.
Full textMohamad, Haidar Jawad. "Ultrafast optical measurements of spin-polarized electron dynamics in nanostructured magnetic materials." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/18425.
Full textChang, Ming-Shien. "Coherent Spin Dynamics of a Spin-1 Bose-Einstein Condensate." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/10547.
Full textRokitowski, Jared David. "Magneto refractive effect in pseudo spin valve thin films." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2006.
Find full textOkamoto, Naoya. "Electrical manipulation of the spin Hall effect in semiconductors." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708237.
Full textFujimoto, Tatsuo. "Magnetic and magnetoresistive properties of anisotropy-controlled spin-valve structures." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387613.
Full textDang, Thi Huong. "Interfacial skew tunneling in group III-V and group IV semiconductors driven by exchange and spin-orbit interactions; Study in the frame of an extended k.p theory." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLX089/document.
Full textWe report on theoretical, analytical and computational investigations and k.p calculations of electron and hole tunneling, in model systems and heterostructures composed of exchange-split III-V semiconductors involving spin-orbit interaction (SOI). We show that the interplay of SOI and exchange interactions at interfaces and tunnel junctions results in a large difference of transmission for carriers, depending on the sign of their incident in-plane wave vector (k//): this leads to interfacial skew-tunneling effects that we refer to as Anomalous Tunnel Hall Effect (ATHE). In a 2x2 exchange-split band model, the transmission asymmetry (A) between incidence angles related to +k// and -k// wave vector components, is shown to be maximal at peculiar points of the Brillouin zone corresponding to a totally quenched transmission (A = 100%). More generally, we demonstrate the universal character of the transmission asymmetry A vs. in-plane wavevector component, for given reduced kinetic energy and exchange parameter, A being universally scaled by a unique function, independent of the spin-orbit strength and of the material parameters. Similarly, striking tunneling phenomena arising in topological insulators have just been predicted. While they all are related to the spin-orbit directional anisotropy, ATHE differs from the tunneling Hall effect, spontaneous anomalous, and spin Hall effects, or spin-galvanic effect, previously reported for electron transport, by its giant forward asymmetry and chiral nature. These features have non-trivial connection with the symmetry properties of the system. All these results show that a new class of tunneling phenomena can now be investigated and experimentally probed.When valence bands are involved, we show (using 14x14 Hamiltonian and within a 2x2 toy model) that ATHE accurate calculations rely on a subtle treatment of the spurious (unphysical) states and we give an insight into the topology of the complex band structure. We introduce two numerical methods to remove spurious states and successfully, include them in 30-band codes able to describe indirect bandgap group-IV semiconductors. Calculations performed in the valence bands of model heterostructures including tunnel barriers, in both 6x6 and 14x14 k.p Hamiltonians without inversion asymmetry, more astonishingly highlight the same trends in the transmission asymmetry which appears to be related to the difference of orbital chirality and to the related branching (overlap) of the corresponding evanescent wave functions responsible for the tunneling current. Besides, we built an analytical model and developed scattering perturbative techniques based on Green’s function method to analytically deal with electrons and holes and to compare these results with numerical calculations. The agreement between the different approaches is very good. In the case of holes, the asymmetry appears to be robust and persists even when a single electrode is magnetic
Baboux, Florent. "Effets spin-orbite géants sur les modes collectifs de spin de puits quantiques." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01020564.
Full textKato, Takashi, Yasuhito Ishikawa, Hiroyoshi Itoh, and Jun-ichiro Inoue. "Intrinsic anisotropic magnetoresistance in spin-polarized two-dimensional electron gas with Rashba spin-orbit interaction." American Physical Society, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/11252.
Full textThiney, Vivien. "Detection of travelling electrons in the Quantum Hall effect regime with a singlet-triplet quantum bit detector." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAY069/document.
Full textThe electron quantum optics field is a research topic with an interest growing over the years since the 80's and the first interference experiment with electrons. This field is dedicated to the implementation of quantum optics experiments with electrons instead of photon. The advantage is twofold, one is the fermion nature of the electrons which ensure the observation of phenomenon which cannot be observed with photon (boson), the anti-bunching of the electrons in correlation experiments contrary to the bunching for photons illustrates this point. The second advantage is the possibility to interact and control electrons with electric fields since they are charged particles. Such control does not exist with photon. In addition to these fundamental experiments, it has been recently demonstrated that this topic presents a possible candidate for quantum information with so called flying qubit. While the based components to mimic the quantum optics experiments are already demonstrated like the beam splitter, phase shifter or coherent single electron source, the single electron detection in a single shot manner in such system is still lacking. The difficulty being the short interaction time between the travelling charge and the charge detector, being of less than 1ns in such system where the electron propagate at the Fermi velocity 10-100km/s. This interaction is approximately two orders of magnitude shorter than what is required with the actual best on chip charge detector.In this thesis is presented the development of an ultra-sensitive detector for the single shot detection of an electron travelling at the Fermi velocity. Our strategy was to detect a single travelling electron propagating in the edge channels (ECs) of the quantum Hall effect by measuring the induced phase shift of a singlet-triplet qubit, referred as to the qubit detector. The single shot detection being only possible if the interaction with the travelling electron induces a complete π phase shift and the spin readout of the qubit detector being performed in a single shot manner.Thanks to the development and use of a RF-QPC the single shot spin readout of the qubit detector has been first demonstrated. Its development with the implementation of coherent exchange oscillations is then described. The charge sensitivity of the qubit detector is validated in an experiment consisting in recording a phase shift of these oscillations due to the interaction with an imposed flow of electrons in the ECs. This flow of electron was induced by a DC voltage bias applied on the ECs to tune their chemical potential.This qubit detector is then optimised for the single travelling charge detection. Its calibration has been implemented using the same imposed flow of electrons by application of a DC bias. This calibration provides the expected signal variation induced by the interaction with a single travelling electron, and indicates the impossibility to implement this detection in a single shot manner in our experimental conditions. Our detector exhibits a charge sensitivity estimated close to 8.10-5 e/Hz-1/2 for a detection bandwidth from DC to 1 THz. The sensitivity is close to two orders of magnitude smaller than required for a single shot detection. Finally this qubit detector has been employed to detect in average measurements an edge magneto plasmon composed by less than 5 electrons. However, the single electron level could not be reached in statistical measurement neither, the sensitivity of our qubit detector being too limited.The different limitations of our experiment are listed and explained with the presentation of different axes of development which could permit to succeed this detection in another experiment
Guerra, Gabriel Andrés Fonseca. "Study of the longitudinal spin Seebeck effect in hybrid structures with yttrium iron garnet and various metallic materials." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2014. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/12719.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científi co e Tecnol ógico; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Ní vel Superior; Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos; Fundação de Amparo a Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Pernambuco.
In this master thesis we study experimentally the longitudinal spin Seebeck effect (LSSE) in bilayers made of a ferromagnetic insulator (FMI) and a metallic layer (M). We also present a theoretical model based on the spin current density ⃗ Js carried by a non-equilibrium magnon distribution, generated by a thermal gradient ∇T across the thickness of the FMI. When ⃗ Js reach the FMI/M interface it is pumped towards the M layer due to conservation of the angular momentum, so, the M layer is essential for the LSSE existence. Here the FMI consists of a Yttrium Iron Garnet (YIG) lm, grown over a Gadolinium Gallium Garnet (GGG) substrate. Different metallic materials were used as the M layer i.e. Pt and Ta that have normal behavior and Py that is a ferromagnetic metal (FMM). The experimental procedure consists of systematic measurements of the electric voltage VISHE, produced by ⃗ Js through the Inverse Spin Hall Effect (ISHE) in the normal metal or (FMM) layer. In YIG/Pt measurements were done in the temperature range from 20 to 300 K. The experimental data are tted to the proposed model for the LSSE and good agreement is obtained. The results shows that the Py and Ta can be used to detect the LSSE with the ISHE. The results of this master thesis have strong interest in the area of spin caloritronics helping to the development of the eld and to raise possibilities of new spintronic devices. ----- Nesta diserta ção e estudado experimentalmente o Efeito Seebeck de Spin Longi- tudinal (LSSE), em bicamadas formadas por um isolante ferromagn etico (FMI) e um lme metalico (M). Tamb em foi desenvolvido um modelo te orico baseado na den- sidade de corrente de spin ⃗ Js que existe quando uma distribui c~ao de m agnons fora do equil brio e gerada por um gradiente t ermico ∇T aplicado na sec ção transversal do FMI. Quando ⃗ Js chega na interface FMI/M e bombeada para a camada M satis- fazendo a conserva ção do momentum angular, assim que a camada NM e essencial para ter um LSSE. Como camada FMI foi utilizada a granada de trio e ferro (YIG) crescida num substrato de (GGG). Diferentes materiais metalicos foram utilizados como camada M, sendo Pt e Ta paramagn eticos e o Py ferromagnetico. O proced- imento experimental consiste na medi c~ao sistem atica da voltagem el etrica VISHE, que e produzida por ⃗ Js por meio do efeito Hall de spin inverso (ISHE) que ocorre na camada M. As medidas em YIG/Pt foram feitas numa faixa ampla de temperatura de 20 a 300 K. Os dados experimentais são fi tados com a teoria proposta para o LSSE encontrando-se boa concordância. Nossos resultados mostram que o Py e o Ta s~ao bons candidatos para detec ção do LSSE. Esta disserta ção e de grande interesse na area da caloritrônica de spin, ajudando no desenvolvimento deste campo e na concep ção de novos dispositivos tecnol ogicos baseados na spintrônica.
Anaya, Armando Alonso. "Spin Valve Effect in Ferromagnet-Superconductor-Ferromagnet Single Electron Transistor." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/6864.
Full textWard, S. N. E. "Spin ladder physics and the effect of random bond disorder." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2015. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1462036/.
Full textLopes, Cristina Alexandra Grilo. "Learning effect : what sources of knowledge determine spin-offs performance?" Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/13402.
Full textA literatura sugere que novas empresas criadas por indivíduos que anteriormente trabalhavam no mesmo sector, denominadas de spin-offs, apresentam um desempenho superior relativamente às outras. Este estudo tem como objectivo explicar a elevada performance dos spin-offs com base na teoria do efeito de aprendizagem (learning effect theory). Na sequência dessa teoria, sugere-se que os fundadores de spin-offs aprendem e transferem conhecimento da sua empresa-mãe, que por sua vez irá afectar o seu desempenho económico em termos de sobrevivência no mercado e crescimento. De modo a analisar o impacto da aprendizagem e transferência de conhecimento nos spin-offs, começou-se por categorizar e medir diferentes tipos de conhecimentos acumulados pelo fundador enquanto trabalhava na empresa-mãe. Este estudo focou-se nos conhecimentos de mercado e tecnológico. De seguida, avaliou-se de que forma esses conhecimentos específicos afectam o desempenho dos spin-offs. A análise baseou-se em duas bases de dados: Quadros de Pessoal e outra que contempla dados financeiros. Utilizando ambas as bases de dados foi possível obter a informação que associa empresas e fundadores a dados financeiros das respectivas empresas. Os resultados sugerem que, ao contrário do que se esperava, apenas o conhecimento de tecnologia tem um impacto significativo no desempenho dos spin-offs em termos de sobrevivência e crescimento, aumentando a probabilidade do spin-off sobreviver no mercado em 8,13% e aumentando a sua taxa de crescimento em 10,5%. Por outro lado, o conhecimento de mercado aparentemente não tem impacto significativo no desempenho dos spin-offs, tanto em termos de sobrevivência como em termos de crescimento.
Previous literature suggests that new firms established by entrepreneurs that previously worked in the same industry, also known as spin-offs, perform better than other entrants. In this study we try to explain their superior performance based on the learning effect theory. We suggest that the founders of spin-offs learn and transfer knowledge from their parent firm to their new ventures, affecting ventures survival and growth. In order to analyze this, we start by categorizing and measuring different types of knowledge accumulated by the founder while working in the parent firm. We focus only in market and technological knowledge. Then, we test how these specific knowledge attributes affect spin-offs' performance. To perform our analysis, we draw on two rich datasets: matched employer-employee database and one financial database. With these databases, we have access to micro-level data on firms and founders combined with firm's financial data. Our results suggest that, in the opposite of what we were expecting, only technological knowledge has a significant impact on spin-offs' performance in terms of survival and growth, increasing their probability of surviving by 8,13% and increasing their growth by 10,5%. In the other hand, market knowledge has no significant impact on spin-off's performance either in terms of survival or growth.
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Bruce, Henrik. "Formulation of Model Problem for Chirality Induced Spin Selectivity Effect." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Materialteori, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-414026.
Full textJayathilaka, Priyanga Buddhika. "Spin Dependent Transport in Novel Magnetic Heterostructures." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4513.
Full textLambert, Charles-Henri. "All-Optical Helicity dependent switching effect in magnetic thin films." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0091/document.
Full textThe possibilities of modifying magnetization without applied magnetic fields have attracted growing attention over the past fifteen years. The low-power manipulation of magnetization, preferably at ultrashort timescales, has become a fundamental challenge with implications for future magnetic information memory and storage technologies. In particular the interplay of laser and magnetism recently discovered by Stanciu et al. opens up new way for light to be used as an excitation and a probe of magnetic materials. A description of the current models and frameworks developed in the field requires a careful look at the different parameters involved through the interaction of ultrafast lasers and magnetic materials. The specific and complex interplay between heat and angular momentum transfer is highlighted in order to discuss the role of each of them in the phenomena observed. The timescales of the different interactions responsible for the final state of magnetization are presented and will impact the way the system recovery after a laser excitation. Besides we were interested in exploring the relation between the material parameters such as anisotropy, ordering temperature and exchange coupling on the final state of magnetization obtained with a laser. Indeed thanks to the many different magnetism classes existing the magnetic parameters can be tuned widely and in a controlled manner. Our imaging setup then is able to probe the optical characteristics and domain stability after the laser excitation. We finally demonstrated that all-optical helicity-dependent switching (AO-HDS) can be observed not only in selected rare earth-transition metal (RE-TM) alloy films but also in a much broader variety of materials, including RE-TM alloys, multilayers and heterostructures. We further show that RE-free Co-Ir-based synthetic ferrimagnetic heterostructures designed to mimic the magnetic properties of RE-TM alloys also exhibit AO-HDS. We further developed the optical control of ferromagnetic materials ranging from magnetic thin films to multilayers and even granular films being explored for ultra-high-density magnetic recording. Our finding shows that optical control of magnetic materials is a much more general phenomenon than previously assumed and may have a major impact on data memory and storage industries through the integration of optical control of ferromagnetic bits