Journal articles: 'Spillage'

1

Leavor, R. O. "Mercury spillage." British Dental Journal 174, no. 2 (January 1993): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.4808071.

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Hewitt, S. "Mercury spillage'." British Dental Journal 175, no. 3 (August 1993): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.4808238.

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Tovey, Craig A., Gideon Weiss, and James R. Wilson. "Minimum Spillage Sequencing." Management Science 34, no. 3 (March 1988): 306–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.34.3.306.

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Lee, Jae-Myeong, Bong-Wan Kim, Wook Hwan Kim, Hee-Jung Wang, and Myung Wook Kim. "Clinical Implication of Bile Spillage in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy for Gallbladder Cancer." American Surgeon 77, no. 6 (June 2011): 697–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313481107700623.

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We determined the influence of bile spillage on recurrence and survival during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) for gallbladder (GB) cancer. Among the 136 patients with GB cancer treated at Ajou University Hospital between 1994 and 2007, 28 underwent LC alone. We compared patients without bile spillage (bile spillage [-] group, n = 16) with patients who had bile spillage (bile spillage [+] group, n = 12). There was no statistical difference in stage between the groups. In the bile spillage (-) group, all patients underwent curative resection and there were two patients with locoregional recurrences and three patients with systemic recurrences. In the bile spillage (+) group, five patients underwent R1 resection and one patient underwent R2 resection and all eight recurrent patients had systemic recurrences. The disease-free survival and overall survival were shorter in the bile spillage (+) group (disease-free survival, 71.4 vs 20.9 months; P = 0.028; overall survival, 72.6 vs 25.8 months; P = 0.014). Bile spillage is likely to be an association with an incomplete resection and systemic recurrences. When GB cancer is suspected during LC, conversion to open surgery for preventing bile spillage and achieving curative resection should be considered.

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Liao, Shengli, Yan Zhang, Benxi Liu, Zhanwei Liu, Zhou Fang, and Shushan Li. "Short-Term Peak-Shaving Operation of Head-Sensitive Cascaded Hydropower Plants Based on Spillage Adjustment." Water 12, no. 12 (December 8, 2020): 3438. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12123438.

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There are many cascaded hydropower plants with poor regulation performance and sensitive water heads accompanied by water spillage during the wet season. Faced with the increasing load peak–valley differences, it is necessary to tap the peak-shaving potential of such head-sensitive cascaded hydropower plants (HSCHPs) because relying solely on hydropower plants with better regulation performance for peak shaving is inadequate. To address the modeling, solving, and water spillage treatment difficulties posed by HSCHPs, a new short-term peak-shaving method based on spillage adjustment is introduced. First, fuzzy cluster analysis is used to determine when to release more water spillage by automatically identifying valley periods of the daily load curve. Furthermore, a spillage adjustment strategy, implemented through an easy gate operation, is adopted to readjust the water release during each period of the load curve. The ratio of the water spillage released in advance in a certain period to its total water spillage is defined as the water spillage ratio (WSR) of the period. Finally, a mixed-integer linear programming model linearized by special ordered sets of type two is solved to determine the optimal WSRs, which achieves the optimal peak-shaving effect. HSCHPs in the Hongshui River Basin during the wet season were selected as case studies. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve a good peak-shaving effect without significantly reducing the power generation and adding additional water spillage.

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Pike, Ralph W. "Hazardous substances on spillage." Waste Management 16, no. 4 (January 1996): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0956-053x(96)90003-3.

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Wearne, G. D. "Desflurane spillage during refilling." Anaesthesia 59, no. 3 (March 2004): 307–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.2004.03695.x.

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Bengtson, J. P., A. Bengtsson, and L. Rydberg. "Blood spillage during salvage." Transfusion Medicine 7, no. 2 (June 1997): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3148.1997.d01-11.x.

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Berezhnoi, Yu I., Yu A. Potapov, S. V. Tereshkov, N. S. Gorelov, A. V. Igoshin, and N. A. Birkovskii. "Multibucket chain spillage collector." Refractories 33, no. 3-4 (March 1992): 177–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01283559.

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Aruni, Amaresh, Hemanth Kumar, Harjeet Singh, and Satish Subbiah Nagaraj. "Gall stone abscess, a delayed complication following laparoscopic cholecystectomy." International Surgery Journal 6, no. 9 (August 28, 2019): 3397. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20194085.

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In the current era of minimally invasive surgeries, laparoscopic cholecystectomy being the popular surgery for the symptomatic cholelithiasis and complications pertaining to these minimally invasive surgeries, here we report a complication related to gall stone spillage after 4 months of surgery in 80-year male patient presenting as abdomen lump. The risk of stone spillage and complications related to it are more than open cholecystectomy. Careful dissection, extraction and complete retrieval of all the spilled stones can avoid these complications and hence complication related to stone spillage can be potentially avoided, and intra-operative documentation of the gall stone spillage can help to think for early diagnosis and treatment of the complications.

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Paudel, Suresh Raj, Narendra Vikram Gurung, Dhruva Bahadur Adhikari, Arjun Acharya, Santosh Shrestha, Amar Gurung, Devendra Shrestha, and Amrita Ghimire Paudel. "Incidence of Superficial Port Site Infection in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in relation to Spilt Stone and Bile Spillage." Medical Journal of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences 1, no. 1 (June 4, 2018): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mjpahs.v1i1.22459.

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Introduction: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the choice of operation for symptomatic gallstones. Gallstone and bile spillage can occur during laparoscopic cholecystectomy during dissection by cautery or due to perforation of gall bladder by grasper. The complication of spilt stone and bile may range from simple superficial surgical site infection, adhesion, obstruction, abscess formation to none. Methods: This study was conducted at Western Regional Hospital (WRH), Pokhara from July 2015 to December 2016. A total of one hundred and twenty patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy were included. All patients’ age, sex, pre-operative ultrasound findings, intra operative spillage of stone and bile and post-operative superficial surgical site infection were noted. Statistical analysis was done using Microsoft Excel software and SPSS-21. Result obtained from the study was discussed with reference to current world literature. Results: Out of one hundred and twenty patients, one hundred and nine were female and eleven were male with mean age of 42.68 years. Spillage of stones and bile occurred in twelve patients (10%). Spillage of stone and bile was common with multiple stones. Only four patients (one male and three females) developed superficial port site infection (3.3%). Two patients among spillage and two among non spillage developed superficial surgical site infection (p<0.05). Most common organism was Staphylococcus aureus followed by Escherichia coli. Conclusion: The incidence of split stone or bile is 10 % and is common with multiple gallstones. The chance of superficial surgical site infection is more in male patients and with spillage of stone and bile.

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Andersson, Helge I. "Spillage Over an Inclined Embankment." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 111, no. 10 (October 1985): 1299–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(1985)111:10(1299).

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Asif, M., L. A. Deokah, and R. N. Malik. "Comparison of Frequency of Surgical Site Infection with or without Bile Spillage during Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 6 (June 30, 2021): 1449–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs211561449.

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Aim: To compare the frequency of surgical site infection with or without bile spillage during Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted at Department of Surgery, M. Islam Medical and Dental College Gujranwala from March 2020 to September 2020 over the period of 6 months. Total 68 pppatients of acute cholecystitis (as per operational definition) undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy either male or female having age from 20 60 years with duration of gal stone (single or multiple) ≥ 6 months were selected. After 2 weeks follow-up, surgical site infection was assed. Results: Mean age of the patients was 39.90 ± 12.04, mean age of patients of study group A was and B was 38.88 ± 13.01 and 40.91 ± 11.08 years respectively. Comparison of frequency of surgical site infection was done between both groups. In study group A (spillage group), SSI was found in 12 (35.29%) patients while in study group B (without spillage group), SSI was noted in 4 (11.76%) patients. Difference of frequency of SSI between the study group A and B was statistically significant (P = 0.022). Conclusion: Results of present study showed that surgical site infection is mostly occurred in patients with spillage of bile during Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. Most of the patients were belonged to 3rd and 4th decade of life. Significantly higher rate of surgical site infection was noted in female patients of spillage of bile group. Keywords: Bile spillage, Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy, gall bladder, surgical site infection

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Zhai, Jian, Chen-An Zhang, Fa-Min Wang, and Wei-Wei Zhang. "Alleviation of lateral spillage of two-dimensional hypersonic inlet using waverider-configuration chines." International Journal of Modern Physics B 34, no. 14n16 (June 4, 2020): 2040074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979220400743.

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Hypersonic inlet is an important part of the propulsion system of hypersonic air-breathing vehicles. However, the performance of the two-dimensional hypersonic inlet, a major type of hypersonic inlets, is considerably deteriorated for lateral spillage. In this study, waverider-configuration chines mounted on the lateral sides of a two-dimensional three-staged external-compression hypersonic inlet for a Mach number of 6.0 are investigated to determine their ability to alleviate the lateral spillage. The chines are built by using a waverider design method. The numerical results suggest that a severe flow spillage induced by three-dimensional effect shows up near the lateral edge of the inlet without chines, which degrades the mass-flow ratio and flow uniformity. In contrast, the waverider-configuration chines effectively alleviate the lateral spillage. Consequently, the mass-flow ratio and the flow uniformity are both improved significantly.

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15

Hill, Stephen, and Jane Bryan. "THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE SEA EMPRESS SPILLAGE." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1997, no. 1 (April 1, 1997): 227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1997-1-227.

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ABSTRACT The Sea Empress oil spillage has had a substantial impoverishing effect on what was already a poor part of a poor region. The major negative impact has been on the local tourism industry, although the much smaller local fishing industry was also badly hit. However, the cleanup operation did provide a much needed, albeit temporary, injection of local spending. The Sea Empress spillage has also colored local attitudes to other environmentally sensitive projects, with long-term consequences that may dwarf the direct effects of the oil spillage.

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Jain, Nikhar, Sushanto Neogi, Rajandeep Singh Bali, and Niket Harsh. "Relationship of Gallbladder Perforation and Bacteriobilia with Occurrence of Surgical Site Infections following Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy." Minimally Invasive Surgery 2015 (2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/204508.

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Aim. To assess the occurrence of SSIs in patients with spillage of gallbladder contents and bacteriobilia during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods. We evaluated 113 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy between September 2013 and April 2015. The SSIs and their relationship with gallbladder rupture and bacteriobilia were assessed.Results. The mean age of patients developing SSIs was 45.57 ± 8.89 years. 18 patients (16%) had spillage of bile from the gallbladder. Percentage of SSIs overall was 6%, while percentage of SSIs in gallbladder content spillage was 5.5%. Organism profile of the culture from surgical site showed monomicrobial infection: 58%Staphylococcus aureus, 14%Pseudomonas, and 14%E. coli. The occurrence of SSIs in patients with bacteriobilia was 16% as compared to 2% in patients without bacteriobilia.Conclusions. Gallbladder content spillage is not a significant risk factor leading to increase in SSIs. The occurrence of SSIs is significantly higher in patients with bacteriobilia.

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Parajuli, Anuj. "Prevalence of surgical site infection in patient with bile spillage during laparoscopic cholecystectomy." Journal of Society of Surgeons of Nepal 23, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jssn.v23i2.35831.

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Introduction: Iatrogenic gallbladder perforation with bile spillage (BS) during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) occurs frequently but its impact to the patient can range from port site surgical site infection (SSI), bowel obstruction, intraperitoneal abscess to none. We aim to examine the prevalence of port site SSI in patients with bile spillage during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods: A prospective descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken which included consecutive patients who underwent LC over a period of six months and had intraoperative bile spillage. Patients were noted and evaluated for the presence of port site SSI. Patients were assessed clinically during hospitalization and on follow-up at five and even days post operatively. Bile spillage (BS) as a possible risk factor for port site surgical site infection (SSI) was analyzed. Results: Out of 318 patients, there were 229 (72%) female and 89(28%) male patients with a mean age of 46 ± 11.7 years. BS occurred in 66 (20.8%) patients. Port site SSI was present in 14 (4.4%) patients. SSI among patients with bile spillage was present in 8 (12.1%) and among patients without BS was 6 (2.3%). Conclusion: The present study reveals that iatrogenic gallbladder perforation with BS has higher prevalence of port site SSI.

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Ruberg, Elizabeth J., Tony D. Williams, and John E. Elliott. "Review of petroleum toxicity in marine reptiles." Ecotoxicology 30, no. 4 (March 16, 2021): 525–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10646-021-02359-9.

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AbstractWorldwide petroleum exploration and transportation continue to impact the health of the marine environment through both catastrophic and chronic spillage. Of the impacted fauna, marine reptiles are often overlooked. While marine reptiles are sensitive to xenobiotics, there is a paucity of petroleum toxicity data for these specialized fauna in peer reviewed literature. Here we review the known impacts of petroleum spillage to marine reptiles, specifically to marine turtles and iguanas with an emphasis on physiology and fitness related toxicological effects. Secondly, we recommend standardized toxicity testing on surrogate species to elucidate the mechanisms by which petroleum related mortalities occur in the field following catastrophic spillage and to better link physiological and fitness related endpoints. Finally, we propose that marine reptiles could serve as sentinel species for marine ecosystem monitoring in the case of petroleum spillage. Comprehensive petroleum toxicity data on marine reptiles is needed in order to serve as a foundation for future research with newer, unconventional crude oils of unknown toxicity such as diluted bitumen.

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Lewin, John, Philip J. Ashworth, and Robert J. P. Strick. "Spillage sedimentation on large river floodplains." Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 42, no. 2 (July 22, 2016): 290–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/esp.3996.

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Medlen, Craig. "Piketty’s paradox, capital spillage, and inequality." Journal of Post Keynesian Economics 40, no. 4 (October 2, 2017): 622–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01603477.2017.1392869.

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Amegbey, N. A., and A. A. Adimado. "Incidents of cyanide spillage in Ghana." Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy 112, no. 2 (August 2003): 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/037195503225002808.

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Semichaevsky, S. V., M. L. Yakimenko, and M. V. Osadchuk. "REGARDING EMERGENCY SPILLAGE OF FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS." Scientific notes of Taurida National V.I. Vernadsky University. Series: Technical Sciences, no. 3 (2021): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.32838/2663-5941/2021.3/33.

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Patel, Rutvik, Jay Prajapati, Meha Dave, Ishwariy Joshi, and Jagdish M. Rathod. "IoT based wastewater spillage detection system." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2007, no. 1 (August 1, 2021): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2007/1/012008.

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Khan Rao, Abdul Mannan, Dr Abdul Ghafoor Dalwani, Champa Sushel, and Ubedullah Shaikh. "SPILLED BILE AND GALLSTONES." Professional Medical Journal 23, no. 08 (August 10, 2016): 964–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2016.23.08.1670.

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Objectives: Intra-peritoneal bile leak and gallstones spillage is a commonevent, during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Some time it is not possible to retrieve all spiltgallstones, these unretrieved intra-peritoneal gallstones, initially considered harmless, with timea number of complications have been reported. Our aim was to study, factors predisposing togallbladder perforation during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and the incidence and adverseconsequences of intra-peritoneal spilt gallstone. Period: November 2008 to December 2011.Setting: Liaquat University Hospital were studied. Method: Patients who underwent successfullaparoscopic cholecystectomy for biliary colic and cholelitiasis. Patients who had intraperitonealbile and gallstones spillage during laparoscopic cholecystectomy were follow upfor long period, and all patients studied for risk of perforation and complications. Results:1038 patient underwent successful laparoscopic cholecystectomy, among them in 812(78.23%)patient intact gallbladder were removed, and in 226 (21.77%) patient gallbladder perforationoccurred. Patients had gallbladder perforations in 129(12.43) patients only bile leak was noted,and in 97(9.34%) patients bile and gallstones spillage occurred. Conclusion: We concludedthe outcome and incidence of serious complications after intra-operative spillage of gallstonesand bile, during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, is low and avoidable.

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Neupane, Bhanubhakta, Gyanendra Man Singh Karki, Prerana Dahal, and Sambhu Bahadur Karki. "Laparoscopic Management of Ovarian Dermoid Cysts in Birat Medical College, Teaching Hospital." Birat Journal of Health Sciences 2, no. 3 (January 12, 2018): 273–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bjhs.v2i3.18942.

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Introduction: Spillage of contents of the dermoid cyst during surgery may cause chemical peritonitis and spillage is more likely to occur during laparoscopic surgery for the removal of the ovarian dermoid cyst. Thorough washing of peritoneal cavity with physiological solution greatly reduces the incidence of chemical peritonitis.Objective: To study the outcome of laparoscopic treatment of ovarian dermoid cysts.Methodology: This is a hospital based cross-sectional study conducted at Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital from 2012 April to 2016 April. All patients being operated by laparoscopy for ovarian dermoid cysts were enrolled in the study. Occurrence of spillage of dermoid contents during surgery and development of symptoms and signs of chemical peritonitis in postoperative period were main outcome measures. The collected data was entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed by SPSS software version17.Results: Eighty nine ovarian dermoid cysts from 82 patients were managed by laparoscopy. Among 89 cysts, 54(60.76%) cysts were removed by laparoscopic cystectomy, 21(23.59%) cysts were removed by laparoscopic salpingo-ophorectomy and 14(15.73%) cysts were removed by salpingo-ophorectomy with hysterectomy. Spillage of dermoid content occurred in 50 (56.17%) cysts removal. There was no conversion to laparotomy and no case of chemical peritonitis.Conclusion: The risk of chemical peritonitis is negligible with spillage of dermoid content during laparoscopic procedure when peritoneal cavity is washed thoroughly. Birat Journal of Health SciencesVol.2/No.3/Issue 4/Sep- Dec 2017, Page: 273-276

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OvueleloloOkorodudu, Franklin, Philip OgheneogagaOkorodudu, and Ekerikevwe Kennedy Irikefe. "A MODEL OF PETROLEUM PIPELINE SPILLAGE DETECTION SYSTEM FOR USE IN THE NIGER DELTA REGION OF NIGERIA." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 4, no. 12 (December 31, 2016): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v4.i12.2016.2385.

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In recent times, petroleum pipeline vandalism resulting into spillage has become a significant challenge in Nigeria. Citizens are regularly inundated with reported cases of vandalism which often lead to spillage and a drastic reduction in government’s revenue as is currently the case in Nigeria. This paper focuses on the design of petroleum pipeline spillage detection system. The design consists of the power supply unit, the comparator unit, the microcontroller unit, the switching unit, the transceiver unit and the base station. Simulation of the various units was done individually using the procedural programming application Proteus 8. Most of the components used were according to design specifications from data book with alternatives used in cases where they are unavailable. Wiring sensors which provided continuous electrical paths to break the signal path and trigger an alarm at the base station were used The design was done in units and were tested individually and the whole system was tested to perform the required task of detecting petroleum spillage and alerting the control room for action. It is found that the designed system had the advantage of responding to intrusion and vandalism better than existing systems.

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Abritta, Ramon, Frederico Panoeiro, Leonardo Honório, Ivo Silva Junior, André Marcato, and Anapaula Guimarães. "Hydroelectric Operation Optimization and Unexpected Spillage Indications." Energies 13, no. 20 (October 15, 2020): 5368. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13205368.

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It is widely known that hydroelectric power plants benefit from optimized operation schedules, since the latter prevent water and, therefore, monetary wastes, contributing to significant environmental and economic gains. The level of detail on the representation of such systems is related to how far ahead the planning horizon is extended. Aiming at the very short-term optimization of hydroelectric power plants, which usually requires the most detailed models, this paper addresses an undesired effect that, despite being already mentioned in the literature, has not been properly explored and explained yet. This effect is given by the indication of spillage by the optimizer, even when the reservoir does not reach its maximum capacity. Simulations implemented in Julia language using real power plant data expose this phenomenon. Possible ways to circumvent it are presented. Results showed that, in specific cases, spillage allows the achieving of more efficient operating points by reducing the gross head and increasing the amount of water that flows through turbines. Furthermore, it was verified that applying water outflow-based objective functions prevents undesired spillage indications, despite causing machines to operate at lower efficiency levels, compared with the utilization of power losses-based objective functions.

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Geramizadeh, Bita. "Bile spillage and incidental gall bladder adenocarcinoma." Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 8, no. 6 (December 2019): 646–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/hbsn.2019.07.09.

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Engfeldt, Malin, and Ann Pontén. "Contact allergy to isocyanates after accidental spillage." Contact Dermatitis 69, no. 2 (July 22, 2013): 122–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cod.12071.

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Dyer, O. "Hospitals will be prosecuted over fungal spillage." BMJ 308, no. 6944 (June 18, 1994): 1590. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.308.6944.1590.

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Martra, F., E. Peano, A. Ferrero, and E. Volpi. "Spillage of Ovarian Masses during Laparoscopic Surgery." Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology 15, no. 6 (November 2008): 86S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2008.09.329.

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Ito, Fumito, Marta Camoriano, Mukund Seshadri, Sharon S. Evans, John M. Kane, and Joseph J. Skitzki. "Water: A Simple Solution for Tumor Spillage." Annals of Surgical Oncology 18, no. 8 (February 8, 2011): 2357–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1245/s10434-011-1588-4.

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Barcon, Douglas L., Cary A. Presant, and Jean Melville. "Purging procedure eliminates antineoplastic drug solution spillage." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 44, no. 10 (October 1, 1987): 2254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/44.10.2254.

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Fishwick, Tony. "Train crash causes major caustic soda spillage." Loss Prevention Bulletin 170, no. 1 (April 1, 2003): 23–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1205/026095703321614335.

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Shepherd, T. A. "Extract fan flow rates resulting in spillage." Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 14, no. 4 (November 1993): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014362449301400404.

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Voicu, I., L. G. Dumitrescu, V. F. Panaitescu, and M. Panaitescu. "Studies on the oil spillage near shorline." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 227 (August 2017): 012135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/227/1/012135.

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Devant, Maria, Marçal Verdu, Carles Medinya, Joan Riera, and Sonia Marti. "PSXI-11 Drinking device can reduce apparent water consumption and improve device cleanliness without impairing calf performance." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_4 (November 3, 2020): 389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa278.685.

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Abstract Drinker devices can affect feed and water intake, which then affect performance, as well as device cleanliness, water quality and spillage. One hundred and eighteen Holstein male calves (311 ± 1.4 kg and 228 ± 0.6 d of age) were used in a randomized block design to evaluate the effect of drinker device on concentrate and water intake, performance and water spillage during the winter months. Calves were allocated in 6 pens (3 pens/treatment; 19 to 20 calves/pen) with one computerized concentrate feeder and one straw feeder. Pens were assigned to one of the two treatments: one water through (TRO, 35 cm x 35 cm, no pressure was required) or one bowl with nipple facing up (BO, bowl with a 20 cm diameter and 5-cm nipple, bite-style that was activated then animals pressed the nipple). Concentrate and water intake were recorded daily, body weight (BW), drinker device cleanliness, and water spillage (DM of bedding under the drinker) fortnightly, and water quality monthly. Data were analyzed using a mixed-effects model. Final BW, average daily gain, and concentrate intake were not affected by treatment. Apparent water intake tended (P = 0.10) to be greater in TRO (26.5 ± 0.39 L/day) than in BO (25.5 ± 0.39 L/day) and water spillage was lesser in TRO (70.3 ± 1.67 % DM) than BO (75.6 ± 1.67 % DM) pens. No differences in water quality parameters were observed despite cleanliness of TRO was lesser compared with BO devices (83.3 % vs 2.0% had presence of feed, respectively, P < 0.001). Data of the present study are promising; the bowl nipple device reduces 4% apparent water consumption and water spillage with no impairment in animal performance and improving device cleanliness. A replicate trial will be run during summer months to contrast and complete the present study results.

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Lovasz, Rebecca M., Daniel L. Marks, Benjamin K. Chan, and Kim E. Saunders. "Effects on Mouse Food Consumption After Exposure to Bedding from Sick Mice or Healthy Mice." Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science 59, no. 6 (November 1, 2020): 687–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.30802/aalas-jaalas-19-000154.

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Control mice housed in the same room as mice with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) demonstrate decreased food intake coincident with the cachexia experienced by the mice with PDAC. Mice are considered an empathetic species, and we hypothesized that the reduced food intake in normal mice was an "empathy state" that was mediated by olfactory cues. Naïve male and female C57BL/6 mice were exposed to soiled bedding from mice experiencing PDAC induced cachexia or from control mice in the PDAC study. Body weight, food intake, and food spillage were measured across 48 h. Statistically significant differences in food consumption were found at various time points in both positive and negative directions for the 2 bedding conditions, and the direction of effect was opposite for males and females. Although analysis of data from previous PDAC studies showed differences in food spillage between PDAC mice and their controls, in this study we found no correlation between food consumption and food spillage based on bedding type. Disruption of food intake due to the "empathy state" requires testing larger numbers of animals to attain appropriate statistical power, which is contrary to the goal of using fewer animals. Empathy effects require careful consideration of sample size and cautious interpretation of results. This study also highlights the importance of sex as a biologic variable and why quantifying food spillage is important in studies of food intake.

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Yethadka, Ramya, Shraddha Shetty, and Abhishek Vijayakumar. "Attitudes and Practices of Surgeons towards Spilled Gallstones during Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: An Observational Study." International Scholarly Research Notices 2014 (October 29, 2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/381514.

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The sequelae of spilled gallstones after Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and the occurring complications may go unnoticed for a long time and can be a diagnostic challenge. The aim of this survey was to study the knowledge, attitude, and practices of surgeons regarding spilled gallstones during LC. An observational, cross-sectional survey, using a questionnaire based on 11 self-answered close-ended questions, was conducted among general surgeons. Of the 138 respondents only 29.7% had observed a complication related to gallstone spillage during LC. There was varied opinion of surgeons regarding management of spilled gallstones, documenting the same in operative notes and consent. It was observed that there is lack of knowledge regarding the complications related to gallstone spillage during LC. There is need to educate surgeons regarding safe practices during LC to avoid gallstone spillage, early diagnosis, and management of complications. There is need to standardize practice to retrieve lost gallstones to reduce complication and legal consequences.

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BHURGRI, MUHAMMAD RAHIM, MUHAMMAD JAWAID RAJPUT, and SYED RAZI MUHAMMAD. "LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY." Professional Medical Journal 18, no. 03 (September 10, 2011): 361–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2011.18.03.2310.

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There is a continued debate on fate of spilled bile with gallstones during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, so we felt that the outcome needs further evaluation in detail. Although laparoscopic cholecystectomy become increasingly popular, but it is associated with a slightly higher chances of injury to biliary tree and perforation of gallbladder with spillage of bile only or with gallstones. Objectives: (1) To evaluate fate of spilled bile with gallstones during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. (2) To assess various possible outcomes. (3) Suggestions to prevent these and their management. Design of study: Prospective study. Setting: Surgical unit of Muhammad Medical College Hospital, Mirpurkhas. Period: February 2008 to April 2011. Data source: Total 100 patients who underwent elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy were included. Age, sex, duration of operation, operative findings, duration of hospital stay and post-op complications were recorded in proforma and analyzed on SSP version 10. Material and method: The patients who underwent cholecystectomy, and had intra-operative spillage were shortlisted, included in this study and followed up. Short-term follow-up was based on OPD visits for 2 to 3 weeks postoperatively, and long-term follow-up was achieved by regular OPD visits or telephone conversation in patients at a mean of 1.4 years (range 2 to 39 months).all minor or major complications were recorded in preformed proforma. Results: A total of 100 patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Among the patients who underwent elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy the incidence of Iatrogenic perforation of the gallbladder is around 40%, of whom about 22% had spillage of only bile and 18% in whom spillage of both bile and gallstones. Conclusions: It is concluded that laparoscopic cholecystectomy with gall bladder perforation along and spillage of bile and stones took longer operative time than intact gall bladder. We suggest that attempts should be made to irrigate the operative field to evacuate spilled bile and to retrieve all gallstones spilled during the operative procedure. In our study, we revealed that no harm is caused by retained gallstones during laparoscopic cholecystectomy after long term followup by evaluation.

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Santos, Rarissa Rúbia Dallaqua dos, André Vinicius Marcondes Natel Sales, Paula Cristina Cola, Priscila Watson Ribeiro, Adriana Gomes Jorge, Fernanda Matias Peres, Roberto Oliveira Dantas, and Roberta Gonçalves da Silva. "Association between pharyngeal residue and posterior oral spillage with penetration and aspiration in Stroke." CoDAS 26, no. 3 (June 2014): 231–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/201420140476.

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PURPOSE: This study aimed at showing association between the posterior oral spillage and pharyngeal residue with tracheal aspiration and/or laryngeal penetration in stroke. METHODS: Clinical cross-sectional retrospective multicenter study. The study included 63 videofluoroscopic tests of post-ischemic stroke individuals and oropharyngeal dysphagia data of the three reference centers providing care for patients with dysphagia (43 men and 20 women; age range: from 40 to 90 years). These individuals were divided into two groups. Group I consisted of 35 participants with the presence of penetration and/or laryngotracheal aspiration, and Group II consisted of 28 individuals with no penetration and/or aspiration. Videofluoroscopic swallowing test results were analyzed to divide the groups, and the presence of posterior oral spillage and pharyngeal residue was observed. RESULTS: No association was found between the groups with posterior oral spillage (χ2=1.65; p=0.30; φ2=0.02), but there was statistical difference for the association between pharyngeal residue (χ2=12.86; p=0.003; φ2=0.20) and the groups. CONCLUSION: There is an association between pharyngeal residue and penetration with tracheal aspiration in post-stroke individuals.

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Ramalingam, Balakrishnan, Anirudh Lakshmanan, Muhammad Ilyas, Anh Le, and Mohan Elara. "Cascaded Machine-Learning Technique for Debris Classification in Floor-Cleaning Robot Application." Applied Sciences 8, no. 12 (December 17, 2018): 2649. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8122649.

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Debris detection and classification is an essential function for autonomous floor-cleaning robots. It enables floor-cleaning robots to identify and avoid hard-to-clean debris, specifically large liquid spillage debris. This paper proposes a debris-detection and classification scheme for an autonomous floor-cleaning robot using a deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) cascaded technique. The SSD (Single-Shot MultiBox Detector) MobileNet CNN architecture is used for classifying the solid and liquid spill debris on the floor through the captured image. Then, the SVM model is employed for binary classification of liquid spillage regions based on size, which helps floor-cleaning devices to identify the larger liquid spillage debris regions, considered as hard-to-clean debris in this work. The experimental results prove that the proposed technique can efficiently detect and classify the debris on the floor and achieves 95.5% percent classification accuracy. The cascaded approach takes approximately 71 milliseconds for the entire process of debris detection and classification, which implies that the proposed technique is suitable for deploying in real-time selective floor-cleaning applications.

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Ariff, Tasnim F., Muhd Fahmi B. Jusoh, Malek Parnin, and Mohd Hanif Azenan. "Improving Efficiency and Enhancing Productivity in Transporting Fertilizers by Using Conveyor Belt Cleaners." Advanced Materials Research 1082 (December 2014): 505–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1082.505.

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Conveyor belts are used widely to carry and transport various materials ranging from fertilizers to foods items from the cargo ship to the packaging site. Spillage and carryback problems are common issues relating to transportaion of these types of materials at Malaysian ports. This leads to lots of wastage in fertilizers and food. In addition, extra manual labour work is required to shovel the spillage into the container. This raises the concern of hygiene especially when relating to food items. Furthermore, improper washing and drainage system has also lead to corrosion on the floor. This has resulted in a lot of inefficient work and lack in productivity in the material handling system. Therefore, in order to solve this problem, primary and secondary belt cleaners were designed using CATIA software. These newly improved simple and cost effective designs of the primary and secondary belt cleaners together with a spray shaft and efficient washing box were fabricated, tested and implemented successfully. The spillage was eliminated and with the new washing system, corrosion on the floor can be prevented from occuring in the future.

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Graham, HE, A. Vasireddy, and D. Nehra. "A national audit of antibiotic prophylaxis in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 96, no. 5 (July 2014): 377–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/003588414x13946184900688.

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Introduction Laparoscopic surgeons in Great Britain and Ireland were surveyed to assess their use of antibiotic prophylaxis in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This followed a Cochrane review that found no evidence to support the use of antibiotic prophylaxis in routine cases. Methods Data were collected on routine use of antibiotics in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and how that was influenced by factors such as bile spillage, patient co-morbidities and surgeons’ experience. An online questionnaire was sent to 450 laparoscopic surgeons in December 2011. Results Data were received from 111 surgeons (87 consultants) representing over 7,000 cases per year. In routine cases without bile spillage, 64% of respondents gave no antibiotics and 36% gave a single dose. In cases with bile spillage, 11% gave no antibiotics. However, 80% gave one dose and 7% gave three doses. Co-amoxiclav was used by 75% of surgeons. Surgeons are more likely to give antibiotics when patients have risk factors for infective endocarditis. Conclusions This study suggests over 20,000 doses of antibiotics and over £100,000 could be saved annually if surgeons modified their practice to follow current guidelines.

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Kim, Young Chul. "Gallstone spillage caused by spontaneously perforated hemorrhagic cholecystitis." World Journal of Gastroenterology 13, no. 41 (2007): 5525. http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v13.i41.5525.

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Sandstrom, Per, and Bergthor Bjornsson. "Bile spillage should be avoided in elective cholecystectomy." Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 8, no. 6 (December 2019): 640–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/hbsn.2019.07.14.

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Stemmer, Shlomo M., and Anna Shurshalina. "Colonoscopic Tattoo Dye Spillage Mimics Endometriosis on Laparoscopy." Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology 21, no. 4 (July 2014): 704–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2014.01.017.

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Talley, Wayne K., Di Jin, and Hauke Kite-Powell. "Vessel accident oil-spillage: Post US OPA-90." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 6, no. 6 (November 2001): 405–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1361-9209(01)00002-5.

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Tulandi, T. "Video. Laparoscopic ovarian dermoid cystectomy with minimal spillage." Human Reproduction Update 2, no. 4 (July 1, 1996): 370—a—370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humupd/2.4.370-a.

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Newell, Sasha. "Uncontained accumulation: Hidden heterotopias of storage and spillage." History and Anthropology 29, no. 1 (November 21, 2017): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02757206.2017.1397647.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Spillage'

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