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1
Feszty, Daniel. "Numerical simulation and analysis of high-speed unsteady spiked body flows." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368552.
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Loomis, Geoffrey W. "Seasonal Changes in Body Composition, Block Jump, Attack Jump and Lower Body Power Index in Male Collegiate Volleyball Players." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4281.
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Jumping ability in volleyball players is crucial to a team's success. There are both muscular and neural components in jumping. Coaches often test jumping ability and body composition prior to the start of the competitive season, but many fail to monitor these important variables during the course of the season. Jumping ability can decrease over the course of the season as the focus moves from strength training in the weight room to skill development on the court. It is imperative that players maintain their jumping ability and body composition over the course of the season. Seasonal changes in elite-male volleyball players were determined by testing the players body composition, spike jump, block jump and lower body power index at three distinct time points: prior to the first game, during their bye-week, and at the end of their regular season. It was found that these players were able to maintain their vertical jump and lower body power index. Also, those who were deemed players (those who played throughout the course of the season) had lower body fat percentages and higher jump scores. These results will aid coaches in understanding the changes that occur over the course of the season in elite-male collegiate volleyball players.
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Gaines, Mikal J. "Beating Songs: Blues, Violence, and the Male Body in the Films of Spike Lee." W&M ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1593092170.
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Caserman, Polona [Verfasser], Ralf [Akademischer Betreuer] Steinmetz, Uwe [Akademischer Betreuer] Rüppel, and Stefan [Akademischer Betreuer] Göbel. "Full-Body Motion Tracking In Immersive Virtual Reality - Full-Body Motion Reconstruction and Recognition for Immersive Multiplayer Serious Games / Polona Caserman ; Ralf Steinmetz, Uwe Rüppel, Stefan Göbel." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1237816742/34.
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Slota, Gregory P. "Effects of Seated Whole-Body Vibration on Spinal Stability Control." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29676.
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Low back disorders and their prevention is of great importance for companies and their employees. Whole-body vibration is a risk factor for low back disorders, but the neuromuscular, biomechanical, and/or physiological mechanisms responsible for this increased risk are unclear. These studies investigated changes in the biomechanics and control of the trunk in order to further the understanding of the mechanisms responsible for this increased risk.
The purpose of the first study was to measure the acute effect of seated whole-body vibration on the postural control of the trunk during unstable seated balance. The findings show that whole-body vibration impaired the postural control of the trunk as evidenced by increased kinematic variance and non-linear stability control measures during unstable sitting. These findings imply an impairment in spinal stability control.
The purpose of the second study was to measure the effect of seated whole-body vibration on the parameters of spinal stability control: passive stiffness, active stiffness, and neuromuscular reflexes. The findings show that whole-body vibration altered trunk stiffness (passive stiffness and equivalent reflex stiffness) as well as reflex dynamics. There was no evidence of compensation by active muscle co-contraction recruitment for the decreased trunk stiffness and reflex gain.
The purpose of the third study was to measure the changes in the natural frequency characteristics of the trunk (which can be related to trunk stiffness and damping) during exposure to seated whole-body vibration. The findings show that whole-body vibration caused a decrease in natural frequency suggesting a decrease in the trunk stiffness, and also an increase in the peak amplitude of the frequency response functions suggesting a decrease in overall trunk damping. The rate of change of the natural frequency characteristics suggest that the majority of effects happen within the first 10 minutes of vibration exposure.
These findings reveal changes in the biomechanical properties of the trunk with exposure to seated whole body vibration, and a mechanism by which vibration may increase the risk of low back injury.Ph. D.
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Feng, Weijia [Verfasser], Ralf [Akademischer Betreuer] Galuske, and Bodo [Akademischer Betreuer] Laube. "Gamma synchronization and spike timing / Weijia Feng. Betreuer: Ralf Galuske ; Bodo Laube." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1106454774/34.
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Kern, Nicole I. "Cable-Driven Flexible Spines for Human Orthoses and Mobile Robots." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1333582838.
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Spies, Helena [Verfasser], Robert [Akademischer Betreuer] Roth, and Jens [Akademischer Betreuer] Braun. "Importance-Truncated No-Core Shell Model for Fermionic Many-Body Systems / Helena Spies ; Robert Roth, Jens Braun." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1127729225/34.
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Galvis, Jorge Alberto. "Low-power flip-flop using internal clock gating and adaptive body bias." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001465.
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Cordova, Brittany Alexandra. "Optimization of a mushroom body ablation technique in Phrynus marginemaculatus." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1573775060984585.
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Joffe, Naomi Eve. "Evaluation of a body pillow to aid pediatric spinal fusion recovery." Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia State University, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/psych_theses/61/.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2009.Title from title page (Digital Archive@GSU, viewed June 25, 2010) Lindsey L. Cohen, committee chair; Erin Tone, Chris Henrich, committee members. Includes bibliographical references (p. 40-44).
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Knutsson, Björn. "Lumbar spinal stenosis : Body mass index and the patient's perspective." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Ortopedi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-264589.
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During recent decades, lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) has become the most common indication for spine surgery, a change that coincides with a higher worldwide prevalence of overweight and obesity. Thus, surgical treatment of LSS in the overweight and obese population is common and increasing in scope. The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate whether body mass index (BMI) is related to the development of LSS, and whether BMI is linked to outcome after surgery for LSS. We further evaluated whether there are specific experiences of LSS from a patient perspective. Data were obtained for all patients registered in the Swedish Spine Register who had undergone surgery for LSS between January 1, 2006 and June 30, 2008. After adjusting for differences in baseline characteristics, patients with obesity showed both poorer results after surgery and a higher rate of dissatisfaction than patients with normal weight (odds ratio 1.73; 95% confidence interval, CI, 1.36-2.19). Furthermore, patients with obesity in the cohort reported modest weight loss at follow-up (2.0 kg; 95% CI, 1.5-2.4), and only 8% reported a clinical important weight loss 2 years after surgery. Our analysis of 389,132 construction workers, showed that overweight (incidence rate ratio, IRR 1.68; 95% CI, 1.54-1.83) and obesity (IRR 2.18; 95% CI, 1.87-2.53) were associated with an increased future risk in developing LSS when compared with patients with normal weight. To gain insight into the patients' perspective of LSS, we performed interviews with 18 patients who were on a waiting list for LSS surgery. The transcripts, analyzed with content analysis, revealed that living with LSS is a physical, mental and social challenge in which resources to cope with the condition are of major importance. In summary, obesity is associated with poorer results after surgery, and patients with obesity report modest weight loss during follow-up. In addition, obesity is associated with an increased risk to develop LSS. Our findings revealed that being a patient with LSS, naturally involves considerable suffering and pain, but it also implies being a person with his or her own resources who is able to cope with these adverse conditions.
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Schlosser, Ann Margaret. "THE EFFECTS OF FEMALE BODY CONDITION, FEMALE CUE AND PREDATOR CUE PRESENCE ON THE LOCOMOTIVE AND REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOR OF THE MALE WOLF SPIDER PARDOSA MILVINA (ARANEAE; LYCOSIDAE)." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1114719172.
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Lopik, David van. "A computational model of the human head and cervical spine for dynamic impact simulation." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2004. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7643.
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Injury to the human neck is a frequent consequence of automobile accidents and has been a significant public health problem for many years. The term `whiplash' has been used to describe these injuries in which the sudden differential movement between the head and torso leads to abnormal motions within the neck causing damage to its soft tissue components. Although many different theories have been proposed, no definitive answer on the cause of `whiplash' injury has yet been established and the exact mechanisms of injury remain unclear. Biomechanical research is ongoing in the field of impact analysis with many different experimental and computational methods being used to try and determine the mechanisms of injury. Experimental research and mathematically based computer modelling are continually used to study the behaviour of the head and neck, particularly its response to trauma during automobile impacts. The rationale behind the research described in this thesis is that a computational model of the human head and neck, capable of simulating the dynamic response to automobile impacts, could help explain neck injury mechanisms. The objective of the research has been to develop a model that_,, can accurately predict the resulting head-neck motion in response to acceleration impacts of various directions and severities. This thesis presents the development and validation of a three-dimensional computational model of the human head and cervical spine. The novelty of the work is in the detailed representation of the various components of the neck. The model comprises nine rigid bodies with detailed geometry representing the head, seven vertebrae of the neck and the first thoracic vertebra. The rigid bodies are interconnected by spring and damper constraints representing the soft-tissues of the neck. 19 muscle groups are included in the model with the ability to curve around the cervical vertebrae during neck bending. Muscle mechanics are handled by an external application providing both passive and active muscle behaviour. The major findings of the research are: From the analysis of frontal and lateral impacts it is shown that the inclusion of active muscle behaviour is essential in predicting the head-neck response to impact. With passive properties the response of the head-neck model is analogous to the response of cadaveric specimens where the influence of active musculature is absent. Analysis of the local loads in the soft-tissue components of the model during the frontal impact with active musculature revealed a clear peak in force in the majority of ligaments and in the intervertebral discs very early in the impact before any forward rotation of the head had occurred. For the case of rear-end impact simulations it has been shown for the first time that the inclusion of active musculature has little effect on the rotation of the head and neck but significantly alters the internal loading of the soft-tissue components of the neck.
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Esat, Volkan. "Biomechanical modelling of the whole human spine for dynamic analysis." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2006. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7839.
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Developing computational models of the human spine has been a hot topic in biornechanical research for a couple of decades in order to have an understanding of the behaviour of the whole spine and the individual spinal parts under various loading conditions. The objectives of this thesis are to develop a biofidefic multi-body model of the whole human spine especially for dynamic analysis of impact situations, such as frontal impact in a car crash, and to generate finite element (FE) models of the specific spinal parts to investigate causes of injury of the spinal components. As a proposed approach, the predictions of the multi-body model under dynamic impact loading conditions, such as reaction forces at lumbar motion segments, were utilised not only to have a better understanding of the gross kinetics and kinematics of the human spine, but also to constitute the boundary conditions for the finite element models of the selected spinal components. This novel approach provides a versatile, cost effective and powerful tool to analyse the behaviour of the spine under various loading conditions which in turn helps to develop a better understanding of injury mechanisms.
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Sunni, Nabeel Senussi. "A biomechanical investigation of fusionless growth modulation implants for spinal scoliosis treatment." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2015. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/91388/4/Nabeel_Sunni_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis studied a new minimally invasive implant for scoliosis correction that aims to correct the deformity without fusing the spine, thereby allowing movement and growth in the spine following surgery. The effect of two different vertebral body implant (staple) designs on the stiffness of the spine, using calf spines as an in vitro model, was studied. The results showed that the implants decreased spinal stiffness, with associated potential damage to the growth plates due to the staple tips. There were no significant differences in stiffness between the two staple designs tested.
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Kluch, Yannick. "The Man Your Man Should Be Like: Masculinity and the Male Body in Old Spice's Smell Like a Man, Man and Smell is Power Campaigns." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1395662263.
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Santangelo, Constance Ruth Michaela. "Sensory discrimination and refuge recognition in amblypygids." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1491227249795543.
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Cyrus-Kent, Chlo. "Appendage development and early distal-less regulation in arthropods : a study of the chelicerate Tetranychus urticae (Acarida)." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/241413.
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A major goal of evolutionary developmental biology is to explore mechanisms and events underlying evolution of the myriad body plan morphologies expressed both genetically and phenotypically within the animal kingdom. Arthropods exhibit an astounding array of morphological diversity both within and between representative sub-phyla, thus providing an ideal phylum through which to address questions of body plan innovation and diversification. Major arthropod groups are recognised and defined by the distinct form and number of articulated appendages present along the antero-posterior axis of their segmented bodies. A great deal is known about the developmental genetics of limb development in the model insect Drosophila melanogaster, added to which, much comparative gene expression data and a growing body of functional genetic data is emerging for other arthropod species. Arthropod limb primordia are consistently marked by expression of the homeobox gene Distal-less (Dll), and the focus of this thesis is to compare signalling mediated by early Dll regulatory genes activity along antero-posterior and dorso-ventral embryonic axes during limb specification in Drosophila, with the activity of their orthologs in the widely disparate chelicerate, the spider mite Tetranychus urticae - interpreting new data with that available for other arthropods. Having made a detailed study of spider mite embryonic (and post-embryonic) development, to provide a basis for understanding mRNA transcription and protein activity patterns, I confirmed typical expression of Tetranychus Dll in prosomal limb primordia. I obtained limited results for the candidate antero-posterior positioning genes wingless and engrailed, although one of the two engrailed paralogs I identified is reportedly expressed in posterior segmental compartments, consistent with possible conservation of Engrailed-Wingless interactions in metameric patterning and positive regulation of Dll in arthropod limb specification. In Drosophila, wingless-dependent Dll transcription is restricted along the dorso-ventral axis by dorsal Dpp-mediated and ventral EGFR-mediated signalling gradients. Based on data from Tetranychus and other arthropods, neither dorsal nor ventral signalling regimes appear conserved outside the Drosophila system. Dll suppression in fly abdominal segments occurs due to powerful Hox (Ubx/AbdA) repression of the early Dll cis-regulatory element; this is discussed in relation to the independently evolved limbless chelicerate opisthosoma, informed by hypothetical scenarios of cis (regulatory DNA) and trans (coding sequence) evolution. Given practical difficulties and limitations encountered while working with spider mites, I offer a final assessment of the place of Tetranychus urticae as a non-model, and yet still valuable chelicerate species to consider carrying into the exciting future of evolutionary developmental biology.
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Koell, Perrine. "Développement d'un modèle biomécanique du rachis basé sur les relations 3D internes - externes : radiographie bi-planaire et franges de Moiré." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00577629.
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De nos jours, la radiographie est l'examen de référence pour le suivi des pathologies de la colonne vertébrale. La radiographie bi-planaire permet de plus, par reconstruction 3D, d'évaluer la configuration spatiale de la colonne vertébrale. Cependant, les expositions radiographiques répétées entrainent une augmentation du risque de cancer. Une solution pour réduire les doses de radiation peut être de remplacer certains examens radiographiques par une mesure de la surface du dos. Cette mesure non-invasive permet, entre autre, d'obtenir un grand nombre de paramètres cliniques utiles pour le diagnostic et le suivi des pathologies. Cette mesure permet également d'estimer la configuration du rachis si l'on met en place une modélisation biomécanique adaptée. Le travail réalisé dans cette thèse consiste à développer et mettre en oeuvre une telle modélisation basée sur les informations personnalisées à la fois internes et externes. Le dispositif Biomod 3S (développé par la société AXS Ingénierie, Bordeaux) offre la possibilité d'une acquisition simultanée de radiographies et de surfaces du dos par franges de Moiré. Cette acquisition sur une quinzaine de sujets scoliotiques (des Hôpitaux Universitaires de Bordeaux) a notamment permis d'évaluer les relations entre plusieurs paramètres 3D internes (e.g., la rotation axiale des vertèbres) et de nombreux paramètres 3D externes (e.g., les gibbosités et flèches). Cette acquisition simultanée permet également de prédire la nouvelle configuration de la colonne vertébrale dans une seconde posture où seule la mesure de surface du dos est effectuée. Pour cela, la modélisation en multi-corps rigides articulés qui a été développée (sous Scilab) utilise (a) la géométrie personnalisée de la colonne vertébrale reconstruite dans la première posture et (b) des contraintes issues de la mesure de la surface du dos dans les deux postures (e.g., position de C7). Le modèle a pu être validé sur une dizaine de sujets sains dont la colonne vertébrale et la surface du dos ont été reconstruits en 3D dans différentes positions (debout, penché en avant) à l'aide d'un IRM positionnel. Le modèle a pu également être exploité sur quelques sujets pathologiques. Ce travail, qui a exploré et exploité de nombreuses informations 3D internes et externes, ouvre des perspectives pour le diagnostic et le suivi non-invasif des pathologies de la colonne vertébrale
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Mayo, Andrew. "A biomechanical study of top screw pullout in anterior scoliosis correction constructs." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2007. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/17152/1/Andrew_Elton_Mayo_Thesis.pdf.
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Top screw pullout is a significant problem in anterior scoliosis correction, with rates of 5-15% reported in the literature. The Mater Misericordiae Hospital in Brisbane currently has a series of 125 patients with scoliosis treated by thoracoscopic anterior fusion, instrumentation and correction between April 2000 and August 2007. In this series 11 top screws are known to have pulled out (a rate of 8.8%), with six occurring in the first week, and all within 6 weeks, suggesting that the problem is one of excessive static force rather than fatigue.
This thesis describes a biomechanical investigation into the mechanics of vertebral body screw pullout in anterior scoliosis surgical constructs. Previous biomechanical studies of vertebral body screws have evaluated their resistance to either straight pullout or cephalo-caudad compression forces, however the aim of this study was to assess screw resistance to more realistic loading conditions, namely pullout of initially angled screws, and pullout where the motion path is an arc rather than a straight axial pullout, as would be expected in a single rod anterior construct.
The first series of experiments involved straight and angled pullout tests using synthetic bone. In the angled tests, both locked and free-to-pivot configurations were tested. The second series of experiments tested the effect of cephalo-caudad pre-compression (the actual deformity correction step performed during surgery) on subsequent axial pullout strength. A third series of experiments performed arc pullouts using synthetic bone, and the final series of experiments tested the pullout resistance of a newly proposed screw position configuration against the standard screw positioning using ovine lumbar vertebrae.
Synthetic bone testing revealed that for initially angled pullout, resistance is greatest as the screw angle approaches 0 (ie a direct axial pullout). Cephalo-caudad pre-compression reduced subsequent pullout strength for cases where a staple was not used under the screw head, but if a staple was used the pre-compression did not decrease pullout force significantly. Arc pullout resistance was greatest when the screw was angled at 10 cephalad, and the mean pullout strength for the proposed screw configuration using ovine lumbar vertebrae (1864N) was almost double that of the standard screw positioning (993N).
The clinical implication of this study is that top screw pullout resistance can be maximised by placing the top screw as close as possible to the top endplate and the bottom screw as close as possible to the bottom endplate, although this will have detrimental effects on the pullout of the second screw should the top screw pull out. Screw angulation is a less important factor but any angulation should be in a cephalad direction and around 10º in magnitude. The experimental results also suggest that the use of a staple may play a role in preventing cephalo-caudad pre-compression forces from reducing screw resistance to subsequent pullout forces.
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Mayo, Andrew. "A biomechanical study of top screw pullout in anterior scoliosis correction constructs." Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/17152/.
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Top screw pullout is a significant problem in anterior scoliosis correction, with rates of 5-15% reported in the literature. The Mater Misericordiae Hospital in Brisbane currently has a series of 125 patients with scoliosis treated by thoracoscopic anterior fusion, instrumentation and correction between April 2000 and August 2007. In this series 11 top screws are known to have pulled out (a rate of 8.8%), with six occurring in the first week, and all within 6 weeks, suggesting that the problem is one of excessive static force rather than fatigue.
This thesis describes a biomechanical investigation into the mechanics of vertebral body screw pullout in anterior scoliosis surgical constructs. Previous biomechanical studies of vertebral body screws have evaluated their resistance to either straight pullout or cephalo-caudad compression forces, however the aim of this study was to assess screw resistance to more realistic loading conditions, namely pullout of initially angled screws, and pullout where the motion path is an arc rather than a straight axial pullout, as would be expected in a single rod anterior construct.
The first series of experiments involved straight and angled pullout tests using synthetic bone. In the angled tests, both locked and free-to-pivot configurations were tested. The second series of experiments tested the effect of cephalo-caudad pre-compression (the actual deformity correction step performed during surgery) on subsequent axial pullout strength. A third series of experiments performed arc pullouts using synthetic bone, and the final series of experiments tested the pullout resistance of a newly proposed screw position configuration against the standard screw positioning using ovine lumbar vertebrae.
Synthetic bone testing revealed that for initially angled pullout, resistance is greatest as the screw angle approaches 0 (ie a direct axial pullout). Cephalo-caudad pre-compression reduced subsequent pullout strength for cases where a staple was not used under the screw head, but if a staple was used the pre-compression did not decrease pullout force significantly. Arc pullout resistance was greatest when the screw was angled at 10 cephalad, and the mean pullout strength for the proposed screw configuration using ovine lumbar vertebrae (1864N) was almost double that of the standard screw positioning (993N).
The clinical implication of this study is that top screw pullout resistance can be maximised by placing the top screw as close as possible to the top endplate and the bottom screw as close as possible to the bottom endplate, although this will have detrimental effects on the pullout of the second screw should the top screw pull out. Screw angulation is a less important factor but any angulation should be in a cephalad direction and around 10º in magnitude. The experimental results also suggest that the use of a staple may play a role in preventing cephalo-caudad pre-compression forces from reducing screw resistance to subsequent pullout forces.
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Caillon, Robin. "Biogéographie du microclimat foliaire : mécanismes et conséquences sur les relations plantes-insectes." Thesis, Tours, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOUR4006/document.
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Les performances du végétal et des arthropodes dont il constitue le microhabitat dépendent des températures de surface foliaire. Celles-ci peuvent dévier fortement de la température de l’air et présenter des niveaux d’hétérogénéité différents selon l'échelle spatiale considérée. La feuille atténue les températures extrêmes en rapprochant son amplitude de variation journalière de celle de la température de l’air. Cependant, cette réponse diminue l’hétérogénéité des températures de surface foliaire et les capacités de thermorégulation comportementale des arthropodes à l'échelle de la feuille. Les températures moyennes de surface foliaire atténuent peu le réchauffement, et déterminent localement la performance photosynthétique du végétal. De l’échelle de la feuille à celle de la canopée, les plantes montrent des réponses différentes au réchauffement. Ce type de changement d'échelle est primordial pour améliorer notre compréhension de l'impact des changements climatiquesPlant performance and leaf-dwelling arthropods are impacted by leaf surface temperatures. Leaf surface temperatures can show important deviation from air temperature and present different levels of heterogeneity depending on the spatial scale. The leaf buffers temperature extremes by getting closer in amplitude to air temperature. However, this physiological response decreases the heterogeneity of temperatures at the leaf surface and the opportunities for arthropods to behavioraly thermoregulate in this microclimate. Mean temperatures at the leaf surface show low buffering abilities in response to warming and locally determine photosynthetic performance. From the leaf to the canopy scale, plants show different responses to warming and scaling is crucial to increase our understanding of the impact of global warming
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Lin, Ching-ming, and 林慶銘. "Hypersonic Flow for Spiked Blunt-body with Vortex-ring." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10592347946583881391.
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碩士國立中央大學
機械工程學系
84
The technique of numerical method for simulating thehypersonic flow field of spiked blunt body with vortex-ring was studied in this work. The main numerical methodused here was finite volume method with TVD scheme andelliptic type body- fitted coordinate system. The resultshown that the vortex-ring will effect the flow field ofspiked blunt body and different ring-position will causedifferent flow type.
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Liao, Hsien-Chun, and 廖顯竣. "The Function of Body Colouration of the Ladder-Web Spider Herennia multipuncta." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/30981721418212112826.
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碩士東海大學
生命科學系
102
In the animal kingdom, conspicuous colouration may serve as a unique signal, exhibit diverse functions and is condition dependence. In order to escape with little or no damage, many animals have colors and behaviors that can divert a predator′s attention. The aforementioned adaptations are classified as secondary defense mechanism and they may cause a predator to search for a less challenging meal. Comparing to other diurnal and nocturnal web spiders building aerial orb webs and attracting prey visually with conspicuous body colors, Herennia spiders place the ladder web against the tree trunk with dorsum exposed and conspicuous ventrum concealed. The dorsal side of Herennia is dark gray with black spots and orange circular bands, while the ventral side is brightly orange. I hypothesize that the dorsal orange circular bands of Herennia spiders may function to visually attract prey, and the ventrum orange spot may function to startle or intimidate predators. I used digital video cameras to record responses of prey to Herennia multipuncta dummies with or without orange bands day and night. In addition, I manipulated the colors of this spider’s conspicuous ventrum to evaluate if such body color functioned to startle the predators. Results showed that the orange circular bands in dorsum could enhance the prey attraction rate during diurnal and nocturnal periods significantly, while the gray patch on the dorsum only enhanced the prey attraction rate during nocturnal period significantly. I also found that lizards would spend more time watching Herennia multipuncta with an orange ventrum and exhibit higher latency to approach or attack such spiders. Results of my studies thus show for the first time that an organism enhances foraging success and survival by color signals of different body parts expressed in different circumstnces.
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Won, Deborah S. "An information-theoretic analysis of spike processing in a neuroprosthetic model." Diss., 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/184.
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Hsu, Fu-yu, and 許富喻. "Design optimization on the subsidence resistance of the vertebral body cage: Considering different insertion depth of the spikes." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75878080032826750343.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
機械工程系
98
The vertebral body cages (VBCs) play an important role in the treatment of spinal disorders. However, the VBCs subsiding into the vertebral body may cause some demerits, such as collapse, progression of kyphosis, or fusion failure. These complications may cause some symptoms including spinal pain, deformity, or nerve damage and so on. Based on the past researches, the maximum load was always used to evaluate the subsidence resistance of VBCs. In addition, the spikes of VBCs were assumed to be fully inserted into the vertebral body. However, different VBC designs may have a different load-deformation curve in mechanical tests, and the spikes of VBCs are not fully implanted into the vertebra in clinical applications. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to search the optimum VBC design under different insertion depths of the VBCs. To obtain the VBC design with excellent subsidence resistance, three-dimensional finite element models of the VBC with the vertebra were developed and analyzed by using ANSYS Workbench. Then, Taguchi methods and artificial neural networks were used to construct the objective functions of the VBCs. Finally, genetic algorithms were used to find the optimum designs of the VBCs. In this study, two kinds of the optimization problems are discussed including single insertion depth (1/4, 2/4, 3/4, or 4/4 of spike height) and multiple insertion depth (whole subsidence process). The results showed that the subsidence resistance of the VBCs had much difference in the situations with an insertion depth of 1/4, 2/4, and 3/4. However, it had no significant difference in the situation with an insertion depth of 4/4. Moreover, the optimum parameters of the VBCs for multiple insertion depth were the spike height of 1 mm, the spike width of 1.72 mm, the spike oblique of 1, 16 spike rows per 28 mm, and the spike diameter of 10 mm. In conclusion, the optimum designs of the VBCs revealed excellent subsidence resistance. The artificial neural network based genetic algorithms can effectively reduce the effort and time required for searching the optimum designs of the VBCs. The outcome of this study can directly provide the selection information to orthopedic surgeons. Keywords：Vertebral Body Cage；Subsidence；Finite element Analysis；Artificial Neural Network；Genetic Algorithms
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Chou, Hao-Hai, and 周顥海. "A bridegroom in red: function of body coloration of male giant wood spider Nephila pilipes." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/f48c3h.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
生態學與演化生物學研究所
102
Prey attraction hypothesis had been tested on many orb web spider species in recent years, and the results show that conspicuous coloration of spiders may attract insects to the webs. However, all of these studies focus on female spiders rather than males. After reaching maturity, male spiders behave differently from females, so the body coloration of male spiders probably functions in ways different from that of female spiders . Male Nephila pilipes is conspicuous orange-red color and it seldom build its own web after reaching maturity but lives on female’s web waiting for copulating with female. I hypothesize that the conspicuous coloration of male N. pilipes may attract insects to female’s web and then increase the web site tenacity of female to increase male’s opportunity of mating. I manipulated the coloration of male N. pilipes and monitored the webs with male spiders by video cameras day and night and I also recorded the number of days a female stayed in a particular web site. In order to confirm if the attraction effect was caused by coloration instead of other factors, I made spider dummies resembling male N. pilipes in appearance and color. Results showed that the conspicuous coloration of male N. pilipes attracted insects to female’s web during day time, and similar results was found in dummy experiment. However, the prey attraction effect did not increase the web site tenacity of female spiders. Results of my study demonstrate the attraction function of body coloration of male N. pilipes. More researches are needed to realize the factors facilitating the evolution of conspicuous body colors in male N. pilipes.
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"Experimental Investigation and Development of Finite Element Model for Knife." Master's thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.14573.
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abstract: Ultra-concealable multi-threat body armor used by law-enforcement is a multi-purpose armor that protects against attacks from knife, spikes, and small caliber rounds. The design of this type of armor involves fiber-resin composite materials that are flexible, light, are not unduly affected by environmental conditions, and perform as required. The National Institute of Justice (NIJ) characterizes this type of armor as low-level protection armor. NIJ also specifies the geometry of the knife and spike as well as the strike energy levels required for this level of protection. The biggest challenges are to design a thin, lightweight and ultra-concealable armor that can be worn under street clothes. In this study, several fundamental tasks involved in the design of such armor are addressed. First, the roles of design of experiments and regression analysis in experimental testing and finite element analysis are presented. Second, off-the-shelf materials available from international material manufacturers are characterized via laboratory experiments. Third, the calibration process required for a constitutive model is explained through the use of experimental data and computer software. Various material models in LS-DYNA for use in the finite element model are discussed. Numerical results are generated via finite element simulations and are compared against experimental data thus establishing the foundation for optimizing the design.Dissertation/Thesis
M.S. Civil and Environmental Engineering 2012
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Faber, Dean Bruce. "Body size variation and male agonistic behavior in the jumping spider Zygoballus rufipes Peckham & Peckham." 1992. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/26971856.html.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1992.Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 86-88).
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Fang, Shang-Wei, and 方上維. "The Bipolar/MOS SPICE Model Approach for Analyzing 40nm PD SOI NMOS Device Considering Floating-Body Effect." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72788362760183981640.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
電子工程學研究所
99
The thesis reports modeling the 40nm PD SOI NMOS device considering floating-body effect via Bipolar/MOS SPICE model approach. Chapter 1 gives a brief introduction about SOI CMOS devices and the scaling trends, including the comparison of the difference between the PD SOI and the FD SOI CMOS devices. Chapter 2 describes the current conduction mechanism of the PD SOI MOS and the compact model constructed from Bipolar/MOS SPICE model approach. As verified by experimentally measured data and 2D simulation results, the compact model of the PD SOI NMOS provides an accurate prediction under DC condition. Chapter 3 discusses the ac model of the PD SOI MOS devices considering the floating body effect for transient analysis. From the study, during the turn-on transient, the current gain of the parasitic bipolar transistor becomes larger as the longer rise time of the gate voltage. As verified by 2D simulation results, the compact SOI model gives an accurate prediction of transient behavior. Chapter 4 is conclusion and future work.
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"Osteoporotic vertebral deformity in elderly Chinese men: bone mineral density, body composition and health consequences." 2000. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5890483.
Full textAbstract:
by Chan Kwai Foon May.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 103-114).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Declaration --- p.2
Abstract --- p.3
Abstract in Chinese --- p.6
Acknowledgements --- p.8
Chapter Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.15
Chapter Chapter 2. --- Osteoporosis : The relationship between aging and skeletal organization between men and women --- p.17
Chapter 2.1. --- Skeletal organization --- p.17
Chapter 2.1.1. --- Bone structure --- p.17
Chapter 2.1.2. --- Bone metabolism --- p.17
Chapter 2.1.3. --- Peak bone mass --- p.18
Chapter 2.2. --- Bone loss between men and women --- p.20
Chapter 2.2.1. --- Aging and bone loss --- p.20
Chapter 2.2.2. --- Clinical aspects of bone loss in men and women --- p.21
Chapter Chapter 3. --- Vertebral deformity : Bone Mineral Density and Body Composition --- p.23
Chapter 3.1. --- Bone mineral density --- p.23
Chapter 3.1.1. --- Types of vertebral deformity --- p.23
Chapter 3.1.2. --- Clinical diagnosis in vertebral deformity --- p.24
Chapter 3.1.3. --- Bone mineral density measurements --- p.25
Chapter 3.1.4. --- Vertebral deformity and bone mineral density --- p.28
Chapter 3.2. --- Bone composition --- p.33
Chapter Chapter 4. --- Literature Review on Health Consequences of Vertebral Deformity --- p.36
Chapter 4.1. --- Back pain --- p.36
Chapter 4.1.1. --- Back pain and vertebral deformity --- p.36
Chapter 4.1.2. --- Back pain in men and women with vertebral deformity --- p.38
Chapter 4.2. --- Morale and functional limitation and vertebral deformities --- p.39
Chapter 4.2.1. --- Function evaluation : The Barthel Index --- p.40
Chapter 4.2.2. --- Philadelphia Geriatric Morale Scale --- p.41
Chapter Chapter 5. --- Objectives --- p.43
Chapter Chapter 6. --- "Subjects and methods for phase I: anthropometric measurement, body composition and bone mineral density measurement in vertebral deformity patients and controls" --- p.44
Chapter 6.1. --- Study subjects --- p.44
Chapter 6.2. --- Radiology and digitization protocol for diagnosis vertebral deformity --- p.46
Chapter 6.3. --- Diagnosis of vertebral deformity --- p.48
Chapter 6.4. --- Body composition and bone mineral density measurements --- p.54
Chapter 6.4.1. --- Body composition analysis --- p.54
Chapter 6.4.2. --- Lumbar spine and hip bone mineral analysis --- p.54
Chapter 6.5. --- Quality control --- p.56
Chapter 6.5.1. --- Routine quality control of measurements --- p.56
Chapter 6.5.2. --- Precision on patient repositioning --- p.56
Chapter Chapter 7. --- Subjects and methods for phase II: health consequences of vertebral deformity patients and controls --- p.57
Chapter 7.1. --- Questionnaire on health consequences --- p.57
Chapter 7.1.1 --- Back pain and disability --- p.57
Chapter 7.1.2 --- Activities of daily living --- p.59
Chapter 7.1.3 --- Morale --- p.59
Chapter 7.2. --- Statistical methods --- p.60
Chapter 7.2.1. --- Bone mineral density and body composition --- p.60
Chapter 7.2.2. --- Back pain and disability --- p.60
Chapter 7.2.3. --- Activities of daily living and morale --- p.61
Chapter Chapter 8. --- "Results for phase I: anthropometric measurement, body composition and bone mineral density measurement in vertebral deformity patients and controls" --- p.62
Chapter 8.1. --- Demographic characteristics of study population --- p.62
Chapter 8.2. --- Anthropometric measurements : Body composition and bone mineral density --- p.64
Chapter Chapter 9. --- Results for phase II: Health Consequences of vertebral deformity patients and control --- p.76
Chapter 9.1. --- Back pain --- p.76
Chapter 9.2. --- Disability --- p.78
Chapter 9.3. --- Activities of daily living --- p.81
Chapter 9.4. --- Morale --- p.82
Chapter Chapter 10. --- Discussion I --- p.83
Chapter 10.1. --- Study Sample --- p.83
Chapter 10.2. --- Digitization method and definition of vertebral deformity --- p.84
Chapter 10.3. --- Methods for bone mineral density measurement --- p.87
Chapter 10.4. --- Questionnaire validity --- p.88
Chapter 10.4.1. --- Back pain and disability --- p.88
Chapter 10.4.2. --- Barthel Index --- p.88
Chapter 10.4.3. --- Philadelphia Geriatric Morale Scale --- p.89
Chapter Chapter 11. --- Discussion II --- p.92
Chapter 11.1 . --- Body composition and bone mineral density --- p.92
Chapter 11.2. --- Differences of vertebral deformity between Chinese men and Caucasian men --- p.93
Chapter 11.3. --- Health consequences in Chinese men --- p.96
Chapter 11.4. --- Comparison of health consequences between Chinese men and Caucasian men --- p.98
Chapter 11.5. --- Variation of health consequences between Chinese men and Chinese women --- p.101
Chapter 11.5.1. --- Back pain and disability --- p.101
Chapter 11.5.2. --- Morale --- p.102
Chapter Chapter 12. --- Conclusion --- p.103
Reference --- p.104
Appendix I --- p.115
Appendix II Publication
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Genotte, Tim. "Einfluss der horizontalen Ganzkörpervibration unterschiedlicher Frequenz auf den Lendenwirbelkörper der Ratte." Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0023-3F70-9.
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Slawiková, Eliška. "Tvarové změny v axiálním systému při respiraci." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-310918.
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The name of the work: Shape changes in the axial system during respiration Goal of the work: the main objective is to perform a case study of brass parameters and changes the shape of the trunk during the ventilation maneuver, prepare the correct methodology of research and to conduct separate measurements. The thesis will be divided into two parts, the first will contain the theoretical background to the subject, in the second part will then be described by the research, where I measured the change in the volume of the lungs in relation to time, assess the impact of implemented ventilation maneuver on the individual probands and examine the respiratory dynamics in selected ventilation maneuver. Methods: in the framework of the fulfilment of the tasks of this work have been carried out experiments with the use of 3D kinematic record with Qualisys and spirometric measurement. The experiment involved three probands aged 20 to 40 specific common features. Each of the proband performed during the measurement of quiet breathing, maximum inhalation and exhalation and ventilation maneuver. Measurements were carried out in one day under standard conditions, measurements made on the day of probands quiet breathing, maximum inhalation and exhalation and ventilation maneuver (5 min total). Data records were...
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Havlíková, Karolína. "Vliv cvičení na subjektivní vnímání vlastního těla u účastníků kurzu Feldenkraisovy metody." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-396121.
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Title of the thesis: The influence of exercise on subjective perception of our own body in participants of the Feldenkrais method course Aims of the thesis: The aim of this thesis was to deepen the theoretical knowledge of the Feldenkrais method, the basic anatomy of the cervical spine and the construction of the eye. Furthermore, the aim was to clarify the connection of eye movements and cervical spine, and define cervicoocular reflex, vestibuloocular reflex and whiplash syndrome. Then apply this knowledge and explain how one lesson of the Feldenkrais method affects the subjective perception of our own body, and how it can affect the magnitude of the cervical spine ranges. Method: It is a quantitative, experimental research. In the first part of the research, the questionnaire of own design monitored the effect of one lesson of the Feldenkrais method on the subjective perception of our own body in a group of 56 people aged 24 to 79 years, the lesson took part during a three-day course. In the second part of the research, the effect of one Feldenkrais method focused on the movement of eyes and cervical spine was studied in a group of 20 people aged 19 to 27 years. Data to this section was obtained based on input and output measurements using a measuring tape and a goniometer. In addition, a...