Dissertations / Theses: 'Spells'

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Fossaceca, Amy. "Monster spells /." Online version of thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11604.

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Mattsson, Johan. "Interaction through spells : establishing traces of invisible connections /." Stockholm, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-295.

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Cramer, Amanda Jo. "Nursing Perception of Psychogenic Nonepileptic Spells: Improving Patient Outcomes." Otterbein University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=otbn1460498802.

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Gong, Sheng. "Estimation of hot and cold spells with extreme value theory." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Matematisk statistik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-180372.

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Ziegler, Susy Svatek, Evan R. Larson, Julia Rauchfuss, and Grant P. Elliott. "Tree Establishment During Dry Spells At An Oak Savanna In Minnesota." Tree-Ring Society, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622571.

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Recent research has challenged the long-standing hypothesis that forests in the Upper Midwest of the United States developed during wetter periods and retreated during dry periods. We explored this debate by examining patterns of tree establishment on an oak savanna in east-central Minnesota within the context of variable moisture availability and fire suppression. We used superposed epoch analyses (SEA) to evaluate the mean moisture conditions for a 21-year window surrounding tree establishment dates. Before effective fire suppression (1809–1939), 24 of 42 trees with pith dates (62%) grew to 30-cm height during dry years (Palmer Drought Severity Index < -1), versus only 5 of 42 (12%) that established in wet years (PDSI > 1). Significantly more trees established during dry periods (negative PDSI values) than would be expected with the proportion of wet-to-dry years (x²= 10.738, df = 1, p-value = 0.001). Twenty of the complete sample of 74 trees with pith dates (27%) established during drought in the 1930s. We hypothesize that dry conditions limited plant productivity, which in turn decreased competition between grasses and tree seedlings and reduced rates of accumulation of fine fuels, enabling seedlings to grow tall enough to resist subsequent fires. We recommend SEA as a methodological approach to compare historical climate conditions with the timing of regeneration success in other regions of forest expansion.

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Ryti, N. R. (Niilo R. I. ). "On health effects of cold spells with a special reference to sudden cardiac death." Doctoral thesis, Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research (CERH), 2017. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526217574.

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Abstract There is substantial evidence on the associations between cold ambient temperature and adverse health effects. Less is known about the role of prolonged episodes of cold weather denoted as cold spells. This study assessed relations between cold spells and adverse health effects globally, and quantified and elaborated the associations between cold spells and sudden cardiac death (SCD) in northern Finland. Based on random-effects models in the meta-analyses of evidence from 9 studies around the world, cold spells were associated with increased mortality rates from all or all non-accidental causes (RR 1.10; 95% CI: 1.04–1.17), cardiovascular diseases (RR 1.11; 95% CI: 1.03–1.19), and respiratory diseases (RR 1.21; 95% CI: 0.97–1.51). Suggestive evidence of other health effects was identified. Investigating 51-years of coordinate-specific weather data at the home coordinates of autopsy-verified cases of SCD, conditional logistic regression in a case-crossover setting produced an estimate for the association between cold spells and the risk of SCD (OR 1.33; 95% CI: 1.00–1.78). A greater number of cold days preceding death increased the risk of SCD approximately 19% per day (OR 1.19; 95% CI: 1.07–1.32). The association between season-specific cold spells and SCD was strongest during autumn and winter, and lowest during spring and summer. The association was stronger for ischemic (OR 1.55; 95% CI: 1.12–2.13) than for non-ischemic SCD (OR 0.68; 95% CI: 0.32–1.45) (Q-statistic 3.85, p 0.05), confirmed by the autopsy finding. Among cases suffering ischemic SCD, the association seemed stronger in those without a prior diagnosis of ischemic heart disease than in those diagnosed during lifetime. The association seemed stronger with severe coronary stenosis (OR 1.60; 95% CI: 1.11–2.30), and weaker with moderate stenosis (OR 0.97; 95% CI: 0.37–2.55). The use of aspirin, β-blockers, and nitrates seemed to decrease the risk of ischemic SCD during cold spells. In conclusion, cold spells increased the risk of ischemic SCD, and patients without appropriate diagnosis and medications for ischemic heart disease seemed most susceptible. The results indicate that coronary stenosis plays a central role in the cold-related pathogenesis of SCD. Timely diagnosis and treatment of ischemic heart disease might reduce weather-related SCDs in a community
Tiivistelmä Kylmän lämpötilan ja terveyshaittojen välisistä yhteyksistä on vahva tutkimusnäyttö. Vähemmän tiedetään pitkittyneiden kylmäjaksojen ja terveyshaittojen välisistä yhteyksistä. Tutkimuksessa arvioitiin kylmäjaksojen ja terveyshaittojen välisiä yhteyksiä globaalisti, ja määritettiin kylmäjaksojen ja sydänperäisen äkkikuoleman (SÄK) välisiä yhteyksiä Pohjois-Suomessa. Yhdeksän eri puolella maailmaa toteutetun tutkimuksen tulosten meta-analyysissa satunnaisvaikutusten malli osoitti yhteyden kylmäjaksojen ja kaikkien tai luonnollisien syiden (RR 1.10; 95% CI: 1.04–1.17), sydän- ja verisuonisairauksien (RR 1.11; 95% CI: 1.03–1.19), ja hengityselimistön sairauksien (RR 1.21; 95% CI: 0.97–1.51) kuolleisuuden välillä. Viitteellistä näyttöä havaittiin muista terveyshaitoista. Tutkittaessa 51-vuoden koordinaattikohtaista säätä case-crossover-asetelmassa oikeuslääketieteellisesti vahvistettujen SÄK-tapausten kotiosoitteissa, ehdollisen logistisen regression mukaan SÄK:n riski oli yhteydessä kuolemaa edeltävään kylmäjaksoon (OR 1.33; 95% CI: 1.00–1.78). Lisääntyvä kylmien päivien lukumäärä ennen kuolemaa lisäsi riskiä keskimäärin 19% päivää kohden (OR 1.19; 95% CI: 1.07–1.32). Yhteys kausikohtaisten kylmäjaksojen ja SÄK:n välillä oli vahvin syksyllä ja talvella, ja heikoin keväällä ja kesällä. Yhteys oli vahvempi kylmäjaksojen ja iskeemisen SÄK:n (OR 1.55; 95% CI: 1.12–2.13) kuin kylmäjaksojen ja ei-iskeemisen SÄK:n (OR 0.68; 95% CI: 0.32–1.45) välillä (Q-statistic 3.85, p 0.05). Iskeemisen SÄK:n kokeneilla yhteys vaikutti vahvemmalta tapauksilla joilla ei ollut aiempaa iskeemisen sydänsairauden diagnoosia, kuin tapauksilla jotka oli diagnosoitu elinaikana. Yhteys vaikutti vahvemmalta vaikea-asteisesta sepelvaltimostenoosia sairastavilla (OR 1.60; 95% CI: 1.11–2.30), kuin lievempi-asteisessa stenoosissa (OR 0.97; 95% CI: 0.37–2.55). Aspiriini, β-salpaajat, ja nitraatit vaikuttivat vähentävän iskeemisen SÄK:n riskiä kylmäjakson aikana. Yhteenvetona, kylmäjaksot lisäsivät iskeemisen SÄK:n riskiä, ja potilaat vailla iskeemisen sydänsairauden diagnoosia ja lääkityksiä vaikuttivat olevan alttiimpia kylmäjaksojen haittavaikutuksille. Tulokset viittaavat sepelvaltimostenoosin keskeiseen rooliin kylmään liittyvän SÄK:n patogeneesissä. Varhainen iskeemisen sydänsairauden diagnoosi ja siihen liittyvä sydäntä suojaava lääkitys voisivat vähentää säähän liittyviä SÄK:a

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Hidas, Gergely. "Mahapratisara-Mahavidyarajni, The Great Amulet, Great Queen of Spells : introduction, critical editions and annotated translation." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.504027.

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8

Gitau, Wilson. "Diagnosis and predictability of intraseasonal characteristics of wet and dry spells over equatorial east Africa." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00794889.

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Most of Eastern Africa has arid and semi-arid climate with high space-time variability in rainfall. The droughts are very common in this region, and often persist for several years, preceded or followed by extreme floods. Most of the livelihoods and socio-economic activities however remain rain-dependent leading to severe negative impacts during the periods of occurrence of climate extremes. It has been noted that one extreme event was capable of reversing national economic growth made over a period of several years. Thus no sustainable development can be attained in eastern Africa without effective mainstreaming of climate information in the development policies, plans and programmes. Many past studies in the region have focused on rainfall variability at seasonal, annual and decadal scales. Very little work has been done at intraseasonal timescale that is paramount to most agricultural applications. This study aims at filling this research gap, by investigating the structure of rainfall season in terms of the distribution of wet and dry spells and how this distribution varies in space and time at interannual time scale over Equatorial Eastern Africa. Prediction models for use in the early warning systems aimed at climate risk reduction were finally developed. The specific objectives of the study include, delineate and diagnose the some aspects of the distribution of the wet and dry spells at interannual timescale; investigate the linkages between the aspects of the distribution of wet and dry spells identified and dominant large scale climate fields that drive the global climate; and assess the predictability of the various aspects of wet and dry spells for the improvement of the use in the early warning systems of the region.Several datasets spanning a period of 40 years (1961 - 2000) were used. The data included gauged daily rainfall amount for the three Eastern Africa countries namely Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania; Hadley Centre Sea Surface Temperature (SST); re-analysis data and radiosonde observations from Nairobi (Kenya) and Bangui (Central Africa Republic) upper air stations. The indices of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Indian Ocean Dipole and SST gradients which constituted the predefined predictors were also used [...]

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9

Asselmann, Eva. "The role of fearful spells as risk factors for panic pathology and other mental disorders." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-158099.

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Background. Previous research suggests that individuals experiencing DSM-IV panic attacks (PA) are at increased risk for various forms of psychopathology, including anxiety, depressive and substance use disorders. However, little is known regarding whether the sole occurrence of fearful spells (FS-only; distressing spells of anxiety with less than four panic symptoms and/or lacking crescendo in symptom onset) similarly elevates the risk for subsequent psychopathology and could therefore be promising to identify high-risk groups for targeted preventive interventions. Thus, the current dissertation thesis aims to examine (a) whether FS-only predict incident mental disorders in addition to full-blown PA and whether their associations with subsequent psychopathology differ from those obtained for PA, (b) whether FS-only, PA, and panic disorder (PD) share similar etiologies, (c) which characteristics of initial FS/PA and other risk factors predict a progression to more severe panic pathology and other mental disorders, and (d) whether help-seeking/potential treatment in individuals with panic alters the risk for subsequent psychopathology. Methods. A representative community sample of adolescents and young adults (N=3021, aged 14-24 at baseline) was prospectively followed up in up to three assessment waves over a time period of up to 10 years. FS-only, PA, PD, and other mental disorders were assessed at each assessment wave using the DSM-IV-M-CIDI. Additional modules/questionnaires were used to assess characteristics of initial FS/PA (T1/T2), potential risk factors, and help-seeking/potential treatment. Logistic regressions were applied to test associations (Odds Ratios, OR) of FS-only and PA at baseline with incident mental disorders at follow-up as well as respective interactive effects with help-seeking at baseline. Associations (Hazard Ratios, HR) of putative risk factors with the onset of panic pathology (FS-only, PA, and PD) or the onset of subsequent anxiety/depressive vs. substance use disorders in those with panic pathology (aggregated data across assessment waves) were estimated with Cox regressions. Multinomial logistic regressions were used to test associations of initial FS/PA characteristics (aggregated from T1 and T2) with PA and PD (lifetime incidences aggregated across assessment waves). Results. FS-only at baseline predicted incident anxiety and depressive disorders at follow-up (OR 1.59-4.36), while PA at baseline predicted incident anxiety, depressive, and substance use disorders at follow-up (OR 2.08-8.75; reference group: No FS/PA). Merely any anxiety disorder (OR=3.26) and alcohol abuse/dependence (OR=2.26) were significantly more strongly associated with PA than with FS-only. Female sex, parental anxiety disorders, parental depressive disorders, behavioral inhibition, harm avoidance, lower coping efficacy, and parental rejection predicted FS-only, PA, and PD (HR 1.2-3.0), whereas the associations with other risk factors partially differed for FS-only, PA, and PD and tended to be more pronounced for PA and PD than for FS-only. Alcohol consumption, use of drugs/medication, and physical illness as perceived reasons for the initial FS/PA were associated with the occurrence of full-blown PA (without PD, OR 2.46-5.44), while feelings of anxiety/depression and having always been anxious/nervous as perceived reasons for the initial FS/PA, appraising the initial FS/PA as terrible and long-term irritating/burdensome, subsequent feelings of depression, avoidance of situations/places, and consumption of medication, alcohol, or drugs were associated with the development of PD (OR 2.64-4.15). A longer duration until “feeling okay again” was associated with both PA and PD (OR 1.29-1.63 per category). Moreover, partially different risk constellations in subjects with panic pathology (FS/PA/PD) predicted the onset of subsequent anxiety/depressive vs. substance use disorders. Panic pathology (FS/PA) and help-seeking/potential treatment at baseline interacted on predicting incident PD (OR=0.09) and depression (OR=0.22) at follow-up in a way that panic pathology only predicted these disorders in individuals not seeking help at baseline. Conclusions. Findings suggest that individuals with FS-only are at similar risk of developing subsequent psychopathology compared to individuals with full-blown PA. Specific initial FS/PA characteristics and additional risk factors may be used to identify sub-groups of individuals with panic pathology, which are at particular risk of progressing to more severe panic pathology or other mental disorders and might therefore profit from supplemental outcome-related preventive interventions in addition to panic-specific treatment. Future research may replicate the current findings and test the efficacy of targeted preventive interventions in panickers at elevated risk for PD and other forms of psychopathology
Theoretischer Hintergrund. Auf Grundlage früherer Forschungsbefunde ist anzunehmen, dass Personen mit DSM-IV-Panikattacken (PA) ein erhöhtes Risiko für zahlreiche psychische Störungen, einschließlich Angst-, depressiver und Substanzstörungen, aufweisen. Unklar ist jedoch, ob das alleinige Auftreten von Fearful Spells (FS-only, Angstanfälle mit weniger als vier Paniksymptomen und/oder fehlendem Crescendo in der Symptomentwicklung) das Risiko für Psychopathologie in ähnlicher Weise erhöht und hilfreich sein könnte, um Hochrisikogruppen für Präventivinterventionen zu identifizieren. Innerhalb der vorliegenden Dissertation wird daher untersucht, (a) ob FS-only zusätzlich zu PA inzidente psychische Störungen vorhersagen und ob sich Unterschiede in den Assoziationen von FS-only vs. PA mit nachfolgender Psychopathologie ergeben, (b) ob FS-only, PA und Panikstörung (PS) ähnliche Ätiologien teilen, (c) welche Merkmale initialer FS/PA und welche anderen Risikofaktoren die Entwicklung schwerer Panikpathologie und weiterer psychischer Störungen vorhersagen und (d) ob Hilfesuchverhalten/potenzielle Behandlung bei Personen mit Panik das Risiko für nachfolgende Psychopathologie verändert. Methodik. Eine repräsentative Bevölkerungsstichprobe Jugendlicher und junger Erwachsener (N=3021, 14-24 Jahre zur Baseline-Erhebung) wurde in bis zu drei Erhebungswellen über einen Zeitraum von bis zu 10 Jahren untersucht. FS-only, PA, PS und andere psychische Störungen wurden zu jeder Erhebungswelle mithilfe des DSM-IV-M-CIDI erfasst. Merkmale initialer FS/PA (T1/T2), mögliche Risikofaktoren sowie Hilfesuchverhalten/potenzielle Behandlung wurden mit weiteren Modulen und Fragebögen erhoben. Mithilfe logistischer Regressionen wurden Assoziationen (Odds Ratios, OR) von FS-only und PA zu Baseline mit inzidenten psychischen Störungen zum Follow-Up sowie diesbezügliche Interaktionen mit Hilfesuchverhalten zu Baseline getestet. Zusammenhänge zwischen möglichen Risikofaktoren und dem Auftreten von Panikpathologie (FS-only, PA und PS) bzw. nachfolgender Angst-/depressiver und Substanzstörungen bei Personen mit Panikpathologie (Verwendung von über die Erhebungswellen hinweg aggregierter Daten) wurden mithilfe von Cox-Regressionen geschätzt. Multinomiale logistische Regressionen wurden genutzt, um Assoziationen von Merkmalen initialer FS/PA (aggregiert über T1 und T2) mit PA und PS (über die Erhebungswellen hinweg aggregierte Lebenszeitinzidenzen) zu erfassen. Ergebnisse. FS-only zu Baseline sagten inzidente Angst- und depressive Störungen zum Follow-Up vorher (OR 1.59-4.36), wohingegen PA zu Baseline inzidente Angst-, depressive und Substanzstörungen zum Follow-Up vorhersagten (OR 2.08-8.75; Referenzkategorie: Keine FS/PA). Lediglich irgendeine Angststörung (OR=3.26) und Alkoholmissbrauch/-abhängigkeit (OR=2.26) waren signifikant stärker mit PA als mit FS-only assoziiert. Weibliches Geschlecht, elterliche Angst- und depressive Störungen, Verhaltenshemmung, Schadensvermeidung, geringere Coping-Erwartung und elterliche Zurückweisung sagten FS-only, PA und PS vorher (HR 1.2-3.0), während sich teils unterschiedliche Assoziationen anderer Risikofaktoren mit FS-only, PA und PS ergaben, die tendenziell stärker für PA und PS als für FS-only waren. Alkoholkonsum, Drogen-/Medikamentengebrauch und körperliche Erkrankungen als wahrgenommene Gründe für die initiale FS/PA waren mit dem Auftreten vollständiger PA assoziiert (ohne PS; OR 2.46-5.44), während Gefühle von Angst/Depression und die Einschätzung schon immer ängstlich/nervös gewesen zu sein als wahrgenommene Gründe für die initiale FS/PA, die Bewertung der initialen FS/PA als schrecklich und langfristig verunsichernd/belastend, nachfolgende Gefühle von Niedergeschlagenheit, Vermeidung von Situationen/Orten und Konsum von Medikamenten, Alkohol oder Drogen mit der Entwicklung von PS assoziiert waren (OR 2.64-4.15). Eine längere Dauer bis sich die betroffene Person wieder vollständig in Ordnung fühlte war sowohl mit PA als auch mit PS assoziiert (OR 1.29-1.63 pro Kategorie). Weiterhin sagten teils unterschiedliche Risikokonstellationen bei Personen mit Panikpathologie (FS/PA/PS) die nachfolgende Entstehung von Angst-/depressiven und Substanzstörungen vorher. Panikpathologie (FS/PA) und Hilfesuchverhalten/potenzielle Behandlung zu Baseline interagierten bei der Vorhersage von inzidenter PS (OR=0.09) und Depression (OR=0.22) zum Follow-Up; d.h. das Vorhandensein von Panikpathologie sagte diese Störungen nur bei Personen ohne, nicht aber bei Personen mit Hilfesuchverhalten zu Baseline vorher. Schlussfolgerungen. Die vorliegenden Ergebnisse implizieren, dass Personen mit FS-only im Vergleich zu Personen mit vollständigen PA ein ähnliches Risiko für die Entwicklung nachfolgender Psychopathologie aufweisen. Spezifische Merkmale initialer FS/PA und zusätzliche Risikofaktoren könnten zur Identifikation von Sub-Gruppen von Personen mit Panik genutzt werden, die sich durch ein besonderes Risiko für schwergradige Panikpathologie und andere psychische Störungen auszeichnen und demzufolge von Outcome-bezogenen Präventionen (ergänzend zu Panik-spezifischer Intervention) profitieren könnten. Zukünftige Studien sollten die vorliegenden Befunde replizieren und die Effektivität gezielter Präventivinterventionen bei Personen mit erhöhtem Risiko für PS und andere psychische Störungen testen

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10

Shaw, B. "An extended Bayesian network approach to model the health care costs of patient spells in hospital." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.431637.

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11

Sonnex, Charmaine. "Extending the non-contact healing paradigm to explore distant mental interaction effects of Pagan healing spells." Thesis, University of Northampton, 2017. http://nectar.northampton.ac.uk/9733/.

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Paganism is a burgeoning belief system in the UK, which has received little attention from psychological researchers. Healing is a key aspect of modern Pagan practice, yet it too receives little attention from those investigating distance healing practices. Given the growth of Paganism in recent years these omissions from the literature should be addressed by researchers. This thesis investigates the healing practices of modern Paganism using a mixed methods approach across three phases. The first phase is a meta-analysis of existing non-contact healing research. There has been much research investigating the efficacy of various forms of non-contact healing which has resulted in reviews and meta-analysis which suggest that non-contact practices can have some positive effect upon the recipient’s wellbeing; however they also raise the issue of low study quality in this area. The most recent comprehensive review of this subject area was published in 2000; much more research has been published since then and the legitimacy of some previously published research has since been questioned. Also, such reviews focus on ‘whole’ human participants who might be susceptible to expectancy effects or benefit from the healing intentions of friends, family or their own religious groups. To address these issues an up to date, comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted that included healing studies that involved biological systems other than ‘whole’ humans (e.g., studies of plants or cell cultures) that were less susceptible to placebo-like effects and investigated the impact of study quality. Phase two employed interviews with practising Pagans regarding their spell casting practices. Eight Pagans from a variety of traditions were interviewed using semi structured interviews and the data were analysed using thematic analysis. Six major themes and 16 subthemes were extracted from the data and used to inform the design of phase three. Phase three is a randomised controlled trial of Pagan healing spells. The trial utilised a delayed intervention design. Various aspects of the trial design were informed by phase two interviews, such as the choice of outcome measure, the use of spell request forms, participant pictures and items, and scepticism measures.

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Likunama, Michael John. "The influence of the Indian and Atlantic Oceans on wet and dry spells over southern Tanzania." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6487.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 94-104).
Rainfall over Tanzania is highly variable. In recent decades the country has been devastated by floods and droughts. The Tanzanian population relies heavily on seasonal rainfall. Over the northern part of the country, the rainy season occurs in two phases, the short rains (October-December) and the long rains (March - May). Over the southern and the western areas, the rainy season occurs during November - May. This study aims at identifying factors that may playa role in the rainfall variability over the southern region of Tanzania. This study indicates that over the Indian Ocean, the sea surface temperatures (SSTs) over the northeast of Madagascar have a strong relationship with the rainfall in southern Tanzania during the OND rainfall, while the SSTs over the southeast Atlantic have a strong relationship during the JFM rainfall. It has also been revealed that the El Niño/ Southern Oscillation (ENSO) have influence on rainfall variability over the region. The warm/cold ENSO events would impact both a wet or dry year. Such contradiction has imposed a challenge to the forecasters of seasonal rainfall over southern Tanzania.

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Hurt, Russell L. "The devil kings in medieval Daoism: A study of the "Most High Dongyuan Scripture of Divine Spells"." Connect to online resource, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1442961.

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Bell, Mary E. "'Spells That Have Lost Their Virtue': The Mythology and Psychology of Shame in the Early Novels of George Eliot." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/321007.

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George Eliot's early novels Scenes of Clerical Life, Adam Bede, The Mill on the Floss, and Silas Marner, resist or rewrite English cultural myths that embody shame as a method of social control, especially myths from the Bible related to the doctrine of election. Eliot employs a two-level structure suggested by her reading of Feuerbach, Spinoza, and R.W. Mackay, in which the novels follow biblical plotlines, while she presents a positivist understanding of moral motivation derived from Spinoza, in which repressed shame must be acknowledged in order to attain moral freedom. In Chapter One, I argue that her favorite book as a child--The Linnet's Life--forecasts the psychic work of Eliot's protagonists. I also read Rousseau's Confessions--a book that she claimed had great influence on her--and demonstrate how Rousseau's understanding of shame as a corrupting influence shaped her treatment of shame in her novels. In Chapter Two, I discuss Scenes of Clerical Life in the context of English mythologies of the French Revolution. Deploying the gothic mode, Eliot rewrites characters from Carlyle's History of the French Revolution, and Dickens's Little Dorrit, to interrogate the tendency of the English to view all people like themselves as the elect, and to vilify and shame those who differ. In Chapters Three and Four, I argue that Eliot structures the plots of Adam Bede and The Mill on the Floss from the Genesis story of Cain and Abel, which is the type of election. Eliot uses this mythological structure to interrogate the power of shame to produce the very evil behavior it condemns, in Hetty, Maggie, and Mr. Tulliver. I discuss Romantic and Victorian versions of the Cain and Abel story, such as Byron's closet drama Cain compared to Eliot's own extension of the story in her poem The Legend of Jubal. I also discuss the treatment of the story of Cain and Abel in various theological treatises, by Bede, Augustine and Calvin. In Chapter Five, I argue Silas Marner's history parallels the history of the Hebrews from the flood, to the Babylonian exile and return. Eliot's treatment suggests that whether Silas is wicked or elect, the narrative is about the vindication of God, not Silas. In contrast, Silas himself is vindicated in the plot with Godfrey because of his choice to care for Eppie. Eppie represents the positive development of Christianity from the ancient Hebrew religion, as it was influenced and purified by Babylonian monotheistic religion. For Eliot (following Feuerbach and Mackay), the "Essence of Christianity" was not the shaming doctrine of election, but rather the doctrine of Christ, who offered forgiveness rather than blame and shame.

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Erik, Wikström. "Expected Damage of Projectile-Like Spell Eﬀects in Games." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för kreativa teknologier, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-16672.

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Background. Many video games make use of particle effects to portray magic abilities known as spells. Different spells may have large variation in behaviour and colour. Aside from their different appearance, the spells often deal a different amount of damage. Objectives. The aim of this paper is to evaluate how velocity, scale, and direction, as well as the colour orange and blue affect the expected damage of a projectile-like spell.Methods. A perceptual experiment with a 2AFC was conducted where participants compared various spells with different values of velocity, scale, direction, and colour. The participants were asked to select the spell that they expect to deal the most damage. Results. Scale had a larger impact on the expected damage of a spell than velocity. The largest and fastest spells with an added sinus based direction in the x-axis were expected to cause the most damage. However, the difference between these spells and the largest and fastest spells without the added direction was not found to be statistically significant. The orange spells were rated as more damage causing in all cases compared to the blue spells. The difference between the blue and orange preference in two of these cases were however not large enough to be statistically significant. Conclusions. The results showed that the visual attributes of a particle-based spell affect its perceived damage with the scale having a greater impact than velocity and orange being the colour most often associated with higher damage. The effect of an added direction could not be evaluated due the result from the direction spells not being statistically significant.

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Santos, Julio Cesar Neves dos. "Processos hidrológicos e sedimentológicos em clima semiárido tropical." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2015. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/16873.

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SANTOS, Julio Cesar Neves dos. Processos hidrológicos e sedimentológicos em clima semiárido tropical. 2015. 167 f. Tese (doutorado em engenharia agrícola)- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza-CE, 2015.
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The understanding of processes such as the generation of surface runoff, sediment yield and their relations with the rainfall regime is the basis for the planning and effective management of soil and water resources in a watershed. In this context, the present study aims to identify the main processes that influence the generation of surface runoff and sediment yield in small watersheds, and determine parameters for empirical sedimentological models, as well as the Sediment Delivery Ratio (SDR) for the tropical, semi-arid region of Brazil. The study area is the Iguatu Experimental Basin (IEB), which comprises a watershed of 16.74 km2, three small nested watersheds (from 1 to 3 ha) and three erosion plots of 20 m2. One of the watersheds had been under regenerating Caatinga for 35 years, another subjected to a management, which involved thinning the Caatinga, and the last faced deforestation followed by burning and the cultivation of grass. The period of study was six years (2009 to 2014). Collections to quantify surface runoff and sediment yield were taken for each erosive rainfall event in an accumulated period of 24 hours. Surface runoff in the watersheds was quantified using Parshall flumes, and sediment yield was measured with towers and trenches to collect suspended sediment and bedload. On the watershed scale, runoff was measured by means of a spillway, and sediment yield by a turbidimeter. Cluster analysis was used to determine rainfall regimes and groups of similar rainfall-runoff events. With data from the erosion plots and watersheds, the C factors and coefficients of the Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation (MUSLE) were calibrated and validated. From data measured in the basin, sediment delivery ratios were determined. The occurrence of dry spells and the formation of cracks in the soil were important factors in controlling the generation of runoff and consequently sediment yield. The dry spells made it possible for the soil to dry out, with the formation of cracks, which acted as pathways for preferential flow, generating higher initial abstraction during the start of the rainy season. Changes in ground cover had little influence on accumulated flow, demonstrating that the soil characteristics and conditions as moisture and the presence of cracks, best explain the generation of runoff on expansive soils. The greatest runoff losses in all the watersheds under study were for Rainfall Regime II, characterized by higher depth, intensity and occurrence of the rainfall. For the ground covers under study, values for the C factors and the fit of the coefficients "a" and "b" of MUSLE, proved to be appropriate and recommended according to the statistical indices employed. Values for sediment delivery ratio for individual rainfall events ranged from 0.08 to 1.67%, with an average of 0.68%. In the basin, extreme events may cause high disaggregation of soil particles, but without sufficient transporting energy for dragging the sediment, generating low SDR.
O entendimento de processos como geração do escoamento superficial, produção de sedimentos e suas relações com o regime pluviométrico é a base para o planejamento e a gestão eficaz dos recursos solo e água em uma bacia hidrográfica. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo tem como objetivos identificar os principais processos que influenciam a geração do escoamento superficial e a produção de sedimento em pequenas bacias hidrográficas, e calibrar parâmetros de modelos sedimentológicos empíricos, bem como a razão de aporte de sedimentos (SDR) para a região semiárida tropical do Brasil. A área de estudo é a Bacia Experimental de Iguatu (BEI), composta de uma bacia de 16,74 km2, três pequenas microbacias aninhadas (de 1 a 3 ha) e três parcelas de erosão de 20 m2. Uma das microbacias foi mantida com Caatinga em regeneração há 35 anos, outra submetida ao manejo de raleamento da Caatinga e na última foi realizado o desmatamento seguido de queimada e cultivo de capim. O período de estudo foi de seis anos (2009 a 2014). As coletas para quantificação do escoamento superficial e da produção de sedimentos foram realizadas a cada evento de chuva erosiva, no acumulado de 24 horas. O escoamento superficial nas microbacias foi quantificado através de calhas Parshall e as produções de sedimentos foram mensuradas através de torres e fossos coletores de sedimentos em suspensão e arraste. Na bacia de 16,74 km2, o escoamento superficial foi mensurado por meio de um vertedor e a produção de sedimentos através de um turbidímetro. Análises de agrupamento foram utilizadas para determinação de regimes de chuvas e grupos de eventos similares de chuva-deflúvio. Com dados das parcelas de erosão e das microbacias foram calibrados e validados os fatores C e os coeficientes da Equação Universal de Perdas de Solo Modificada (MUSLE). A partir dos dados medidos na bacia foram determinadas as razões de aporte de sedimentos. A ocorrência de veranicos e a formação de fendas no solo foram determinantes no controle da geração de escoamento e consequentemente da produção de sedimentos. A ocorrência de veranicos possibilitou o secamento do solo com a formação de fendas, que agem como caminhos preferenciais para o fluxo de água, gerando elevadas abstrações inicias durante o início da estação chuvosa. As mudanças da cobertura vegetal apresentaram pouca influência sobre o escoamento acumulado, indicando que as características e condições do solo, como umidade e presença de fendas, explicam melhor a geração de escoamento em solos expansivos. Maiores perdas por escoamento em todas as microbacias estudadas foram para chuvas do Regime II caracterizado por maiores alturas pluviométricas, intensidades e ocorrências. Quanto aos valores dos fatores C e dos coeficientes de ajuste “a” e “b” da MUSLE, para as coberturas estudadas, mostraram-se apropriados e recomendados de acordo com os índices estatísticos empregados. Os valores da razão de aporte de sedimentos para eventos pluviométricos individuais variaram de 0,08 a 1,67%, com média de 0,68%. Na bacia, eventos extremos podem causar elevada desagregação de partículas de solo, mas podem não dispor de energia de transporte suficiente para arrastá-las, gerando baixo SDR.

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17

Sleiman, Jorge. "Veranicos ocorridos na porção noroeste do estado do Rio Grande do Sul entre 1978 e 2005 e sua associação às condições climáticas na atmosfera." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8135/tde-13022009-135659/.

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A atividade agrícola é muito importante para a economia do Rio Grande do Sul, cuja região alvo deste estudo é sua porção noroeste, representada por seis municípios: São Luiz Gonzaga, Santa Rosa, Cruz Alta, Iraí, Passo Fundo e Marcelino Ramos. Esta região é foco nacional de produção de soja, dependendo fortemente das condições atmosféricas, tanto em escala sinótica quanto climática. Os períodos secos, conhecidos como veranicos, durante a fase de desenvolvimento até a colheita, que acorrem entre outubro e março, acarretam vários prejuízos à região. O objetivo do trabalho é estimar a climatologia de ocorrência de veranicos no NW do RS, no primeiro e quarto trimestres do ano, entre 1978 e 2005 e associá-los a padrões atmosféricos característicos. Verificou-se que o maior número de veranicos ocorre no primeiro trimestre em relação ao quarto, resultado que apresenta correlação direta com o volume médio climatológico de precipitação para esses 2 trimestres. Março e dezembro apresentam mais eventos secos do que os outros meses, o que parece ser resposta direta de menor volume de chuva. Por outro lado, numa análise espacial, Santa Rosa e São Luiz Gonzaga apresentam os maiores números de veranicos, mesmo com médias anuais climatológicas de precipitação superior aos demais municípios. Durante os períodos secos (úmidos) verificou-se o padrão dipolo com base na ROL. Nesses períodos, no sul do Brasil foram observados baixos (altos) valores de ROL, em relação à média climatológica. Sobre o norte e nordeste do Brasil há a inversão das anomalias de ROL, configurando o dipolo. Anomalias de convergência (divergência) em altos níveis são observadas sobre boa parte do sul do Brasil e oceano Atlântico adjacente, durante períodos secos (úmidos), fornecendo desta forma, maior divergência em baixos níveis. A circulação do ar em períodos úmidos (secos) evidencia a intensificação (enfraquecimento) do JBN em direção ao sul do Brasil, contribuindo para o incremento (decréscimo) de chuvas na região. Anomalias negativas e positivas de TSM sobre o Pacífico Equatorial parecem influir em todos os meses selecionados a variabilidade de precipitação no sul e a variabilidade da TSM do Atlântico Subtropical, adjacente à Região Sul do País, não influencia diretamente a variabilidade de chuvas sobre o RS. Assim, conclui-se que períodos de veranicos ou úmidos são descritos por padrões climáticos definidos.
Agriculture plays an extremely important role in the economy of Rio Grande do Sul state. The target region of the present work in its northwest portion is represented by six cities: São Luiz Gonzaga, Santa Rosa, Cruz Alta, Iraí, Passo Fundo e Marcelino Ramos. It constitute a national focus of soya production and thus depend heavily on atmospheric conditions not only in the synoptic scale but also in climatic. In dry spells periods (known as veranicos in portuguese), during growing to harvest and, comprehending the months from October to March, the frequent lack of rain brings great economic losses to the region. The aim of this work is to estimate the climatology of dry spells occurrence in the northwest portion of Rio Grande do Sul in the first and fourth quarters of the year, between 1978 and 2005. Related to extreme climatic periods and the greater occurrence of dry spells, we depicted atmospheric and oceanic patterns. In conclusion, it is stated that the number of dry spells that occur in the first quarter of the year is greater than that which take place in the fourth quarter what is directly related to the monthly precipitation climatology. Santa Rosa is the municipality which presents the greater number of dry spells, even with higher monthly climatologic average than the other locations. March and December present more events than the other months, what in this case is related to the low amount of precipitation. During dry and wet periods, there is the evidence of a dipole standard based on ROL data. During dry (wet) periods in the southern part of Brazil it is observed low (high) values of ROL, in relation to climatology. Over the northern region of Brazil, during the same periods, it is observed inverted ROL anomalies, figuring the dipole pattern. An anomalous convergence (divergence) region in high levels above part of the South Region and the adjacent South Atlantic is observed during dry (wet) periods. The circulation pattern in low atmospheric levels, during wet (dry) periods, shows the strengthening (weakening) of the meridional low levels jet, which contributes for the increase (decrease) of rain in the region. ENSO events are somehow connected to the occurrence of dry spells in the region of study. All the considered month during dry (wet) periods in climatic extremes are related to negative (positive) TSM anomalies in the Equatorial Pacific region, that is, to La Niña (El Niño) events. This strong relation between precipitation variability and surface temperature anomalies over South Atlantic is not so evident. In conclusion, the occurrence of dry spells periods is well related to extreme climatic conditions.

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18

Feng, Peihong. "The impacts of children's disability on mothers' labor supply and marital status." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1142442563.

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19

Salcic, Dubravko, and Bahador Mostofi. "Varför spelar ungdomar våldsspel? : - om FPS spelens attraktion." Thesis, Stockholm University, School of Business, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-6179.

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Trots att datorspel vuxit i popularitet och fått en större utbredning först under de senaste 10 åren så har många forskare hunnit studera fenomenet. Vissa frågor har studerats utförligt som datorspelsvåldets påverkan på barnen medan andra inte fått lika stor uppmärksamhet. Vi upptäckte att man trots att FPS spelen är den största changern inom datorspel inte visste mycket om varför just de var så populära. Många forskare har utvecklat diverse teorier och försökt besvara frågan om varför datorspel i allmänhet var intressanta. Vi ville därför använda oss av dessa teorier för att försöka förstå varför tonårskillar spelade FPS spel, en fråga som vi fann hade flera svar. För att få en förståelse för tonårskillars konsumtion valde vi att genomföra ett antal fokusgruppsintervjuer där vi samtalade med respondenterna och försökte förstå vilka drivkrafter som dolde sig bakom deras spelande. Dessa intervjuer kompletterades med observationer av FPS spelare i spelhallen Inferno. Vi kom fram till att det fanns ett flertal anledningar till varför tonårskillar tycker om att spela FPS spel. En av anledningarna var den spänning de uplevde när de spelade, känslan av att bli jagad och viljan av att överleva ger en sorts adrenalinkick. Vi fann också att den största anledningen till att de föredrar datorspel framför TV-tittande var den större möjligheten till interaktivitet. I spel kan de anpassa allt ifrån svårighetsgraden till vilka miljöer de ska spela i. Till en viss mån fungerade spelen även som en "rast" från problemen då många ansåg att fartfyllda och actionladdade spel som FPS möjliggör för en att sluta tänka på något annat, i alla fall för den stunden. Den sociala aspekten var också en bidragande orsak till spelens popularitet. FPS spel spelas främst i multiplayer läge och gör det möjligt för spelarna som befinner sig i samma rum att kommunicera och samarbeta, bilda lag med sina vänner men också reta varandra och skryta.

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20

Allen, Michael James. "An Evaluation of Seasonality through Four Delineation Methods: A Comparison of Mortality Responses and the Relationship with Anomalous Temperature Events." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1405326473.

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21

Bergstrand, Isak. "”Spelen är ju typ alltid på engelska…” : Elevers medvetenhet om MMO-spels påverkan på engelskkunskaper." Thesis, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, Högskolan i Jönköping, Språk-, litteratur- och mediedidaktik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-36048.

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Syftet med studien är att undersöka elevers uppfattningar om Massive Multiplayer Online-spels (MMO-spel) inverkan på engelskkunskaper. Studien, likt tidigare forskning inom om-rådet, grundar sig i ett sociokulturellt perspektiv. En kvalitativ metod i form av semistruk-turerade intervjuer har använts för att intervjua deltagare i årskurs 6. Följande frågeställ-ningar har legat som grund för studien: Hur beskriver elever sitt eget och klasskamraters spelande av MMO-spel i förhållande till engelskinlärning? Hur beskriver elever att de och andra lär sig engelska i MMO-spel? Hur ser elever på MMO-spel som ett möjligt verktyg för språkinlärning i engelskundervisning?Intervjuerna analyserades med en fenomenografiskt inspirerad modell i sju steg för att få fram ett resultat. Resultatet visar att eleverna är medvetna om MMO-spels inverkan på eng-elskkunskaper. Medvetenheten hos deltagarna berör inte enbart utvecklingen av engelsk-kunskaper utan även spelvanor och vad i spelen det är som utvecklar engelska. Resultatet visar även att eleverna påstår att det är den sociala sidan i spelen som utvecklar och inte själva spelandet. Flertalet av deltagarna är skeptiska till en potentiell användning av MMO-spel i engelskundervisningen.
The purpose of this study is to inquire into the perceptions of the influence which Massive Multiplayer Online games (MMOs) have on the English language skills of those who play them. This study, like other studies in the same field, departs from a sociocultural perspec-tive. This qualitative study employed semi-structured interviews with participants aged be-tween 12 and 13. The study asked the following questions: How do participants perceive the influence MMOs have on their own and others’ English? How do participants describe the experience of learning English through MMOs? How do participants regard the idea of using MMOs as a tool for English language teaching in a formal educational setting?The interviews were analysed with a fenomenographically inspired model to find a result. The results indicate that participants are aware of the impact MMOs have on their English language skills. This awareness encompassed not only the improvement of English lan-guage skills, but also an awareness of their gaming habits and how they also improve English language skills. Furthermore, participants perceived that it is the social aspect of MMOs which improves English skills, as opposed to the game play mechanics. The majority of the participants are, however, skeptical of the use of MMOs in formal English education.

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22

Santos, Julio Cesar Neves dos. "Hydrological and sedimentological processes in a tropical semiarid climate." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=15010.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico
The understanding of processes such as the generation of surface runoff, sediment yield and their relations with the rainfall regime is the basis for the planning and effective management of soil and water resources in a watershed. In this context, the present study aims to identify the main processes that influence the generation of surface runoff and sediment yield in small watersheds, and determine parameters for empirical sedimentological models, as well as the Sediment Delivery Ratio (SDR) for the tropical, semi-arid region of Brazil. The study area is the Iguatu Experimental Basin (IEB), which comprises a watershed of 16.74 km2, three small nested watersheds (from 1 to 3 ha) and three erosion plots of 20 m2. One of the watersheds had been under regenerating Caatinga for 35 years, another subjected to a management, which involved thinning the Caatinga, and the last faced deforestation followed by burning and the cultivation of grass. The period of study was six years (2009 to 2014). Collections to quantify surface runoff and sediment yield were taken for each erosive rainfall event in an accumulated period of 24 hours. Surface runoff in the watersheds was quantified using Parshall flumes, and sediment yield was measured with towers and trenches to collect suspended sediment and bedload. On the watershed scale, runoff was measured by means of a spillway, and sediment yield by a turbidimeter. Cluster analysis was used to determine rainfall regimes and groups of similar rainfall-runoff events. With data from the erosion plots and watersheds, the C factors and coefficients of the Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation (MUSLE) were calibrated and validated. From data measured in the basin, sediment delivery ratios were determined. The occurrence of dry spells and the formation of cracks in the soil were important factors in controlling the generation of runoff and consequently sediment yield. The dry spells made it possible for the soil to dry out, with the formation of cracks, which acted as pathways for preferential flow, generating higher initial abstraction during the start of the rainy season. Changes in ground cover had little influence on accumulated flow, demonstrating that the soil characteristics and conditions as moisture and the presence of cracks, best explain the generation of runoff on expansive soils. The greatest runoff losses in all the watersheds under study were for Rainfall Regime II, characterized by higher depth, intensity and occurrence of the rainfall. For the ground covers under study, values for the C factors and the fit of the coefficients "a" and "b" of MUSLE, proved to be appropriate and recommended according to the statistical indices employed. Values for sediment delivery ratio for individual rainfall events ranged from 0.08 to 1.67%, with an average of 0.68%. In the basin, extreme events may cause high disaggregation of soil particles, but without sufficient transporting energy for dragging the sediment, generating low SDR.
O entendimento de processos como geraÃÃo do escoamento superficial, produÃÃo de sedimentos e suas relaÃÃes com o regime pluviomÃtrico Ã a base para o planejamento e a gestÃo eficaz dos recursos solo e Ãgua em uma bacia hidrogrÃfica. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo tem como objetivos identificar os principais processos que influenciam a geraÃÃo do escoamento superficial e a produÃÃo de sedimento em pequenas bacias hidrogrÃficas, e calibrar parÃmetros de modelos sedimentolÃgicos empÃricos, bem como a razÃo de aporte de sedimentos (SDR) para a regiÃo semiÃrida tropical do Brasil. A Ãrea de estudo Ã a Bacia Experimental de Iguatu (BEI), composta de uma bacia de 16,74 km2, trÃs pequenas microbacias aninhadas (de 1 a 3 ha) e trÃs parcelas de erosÃo de 20 m2. Uma das microbacias foi mantida com Caatinga em regeneraÃÃo hÃ 35 anos, outra submetida ao manejo de raleamento da Caatinga e na Ãltima foi realizado o desmatamento seguido de queimada e cultivo de capim. O perÃodo de estudo foi de seis anos (2009 a 2014). As coletas para quantificaÃÃo do escoamento superficial e da produÃÃo de sedimentos foram realizadas a cada evento de chuva erosiva, no acumulado de 24 horas. O escoamento superficial nas microbacias foi quantificado atravÃs de calhas Parshall e as produÃÃes de sedimentos foram mensuradas atravÃs de torres e fossos coletores de sedimentos em suspensÃo e arraste. Na bacia de 16,74 km2, o escoamento superficial foi mensurado por meio de um vertedor e a produÃÃo de sedimentos atravÃs de um turbidÃmetro. AnÃlises de agrupamento foram utilizadas para determinaÃÃo de regimes de chuvas e grupos de eventos similares de chuva-deflÃvio. Com dados das parcelas de erosÃo e das microbacias foram calibrados e validados os fatores C e os coeficientes da EquaÃÃo Universal de Perdas de Solo Modificada (MUSLE). A partir dos dados medidos na bacia foram determinadas as razÃes de aporte de sedimentos. A ocorrÃncia de veranicos e a formaÃÃo de fendas no solo foram determinantes no controle da geraÃÃo de escoamento e consequentemente da produÃÃo de sedimentos. A ocorrÃncia de veranicos possibilitou o secamento do solo com a formaÃÃo de fendas, que agem como caminhos preferenciais para o fluxo de Ãgua, gerando elevadas abstraÃÃes inicias durante o inÃcio da estaÃÃo chuvosa. As mudanÃas da cobertura vegetal apresentaram pouca influÃncia sobre o escoamento acumulado, indicando que as caracterÃsticas e condiÃÃes do solo, como umidade e presenÃa de fendas, explicam melhor a geraÃÃo de escoamento em solos expansivos. Maiores perdas por escoamento em todas as microbacias estudadas foram para chuvas do Regime II caracterizado por maiores alturas pluviomÃtricas, intensidades e ocorrÃncias. Quanto aos valores dos fatores C e dos coeficientes de ajuste âaâ e âbâ da MUSLE, para as coberturas estudadas, mostraram-se apropriados e recomendados de acordo com os Ãndices estatÃsticos empregados. Os valores da razÃo de aporte de sedimentos para eventos pluviomÃtricos individuais variaram de 0,08 a 1,67%, com mÃdia de 0,68%. Na bacia, eventos extremos podem causar elevada desagregaÃÃo de partÃculas de solo, mas podem nÃo dispor de energia de transporte suficiente para arrastÃ-las, gerando baixo SDR.

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23

Troshchenkov, S. "ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF COMMUTING." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/465740.

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This dissertation studies economic aspects of commuting. It explores, on one hand the mechanism of self-selection into long-distance commuting, return to commuting and, on the other hand, the factors that determine exits from commuting. After investigation of the main bulk of literature about commuting, the research addresses the selectivity of commuters from ex-ante earnings and ability distributions (Chapter 1), monetary return to the commuting distance (Chapter 2) and factors that affects the probability of various exits from commuting spells (Chapter 3) with particular focus on the role of commuting distance and earnings. The analysis uses extensive longitudinal dataset with the precise geocoded information on the individuals’ places of work and residence which is based on the administrative registers of Statistics Sweden. The first research paper, titled “Self-selection into long-distance commuting on earnings and latent characteristics”, focuses on understanding the nature of selectivity, as it is important factor in interpretation the results of empirical research. In our study we consider two potential dimensions of self-selection: the selection based on latent characteristics and the selection based on the measured earnings before starting long distance commuting. Both dimensions are captured using single model allowing identification of testable hypothesis about the simultaneous selection based on the previous earnings and latent characteristics. In order to conduct our analysis, we apply extensive administrative geocoded dataset with precise individual information including the coordinates of the places of residence and work. We demonstrate the negative selection of commuters from the ex-ante earning distribution. In the same time, our results indicate that the individuals with unobserved traits associated with higher earnings are also more likely engage into the long distance commuting. The second research paper, titled “Return to commuting distance in Sweden”, aims to estimate the magnitude of the economic return to commuting and compare the relative returns received by men and women. We apply fixed effect models to deal with individual unobserved heterogeneity that could potentially generate an endogeneity issue. We use a large dataset based on Administrative Registers for Sweden, which gathers detailed information on residential and job location, and indirectly on commuting. Results indicate that individuals receive relatively small compensations for commuting, with higher returns in agglomerations. Moreover, the relative return as a fraction of hourly wage is approximately similar across genders. This last finding provides evidence of similar bargaining powers for both men and women. In our third paper, titles “Hazard from commuting: the role of earnings and distance. The case of Sweden”, we estimate the effect of earnings and commuting distance on the probability of exiting from a duration spell of commuting using a discrete time competing risk model. The data set, used in analysis, is based on the Swedish administrative registers from Statistics Sweden and the Swedish Tax Board and covers the period between 2000 and 2009. The problem of endogeneity of individual earnings and commuting distance in determining the length of work-related commuting spells is addressed using two-stage residual inclusion (2SRI). The estimates reveal that the earnings paid by firms have a positive impact on the probability of migration and a negative impact on the probability of job separation. At the same time, greater distance increases the probabilities of migrating closer to the place of work, re-employment closer to the place of residence and separation to non-employment while decreasing the probabilities of migration further away from the place of work and re-employment further away from the place of residence. The results are revealed to be robust in the samples of married and unmarried individuals.

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24

Dang, Thi Anh Thu. "Impact of ambient temperature on hospital admissions for acute myocardial infarction in central coast of Vietnam." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/123901/1/Thi%20Anh%20Thu_Dang_Thesis.pdf.

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Globally, there is evidence that extremes in temperature linked with climate change can exacerbate underlying health conditions and lead to hospitalization and premature death. This study examined the short-term effects of ambient temperature extremes on hospital admissions due to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in three geographically dispersed provinces along the Central Coast region of Vietnam. We found that risk of AMI admission is associated with high and low temperatures, in part due to variation in sub-regional climate. Public health preparedness and multi-level interventions in communities and workplaces including factories and farms should attempt to reduce people's exposure to extreme temperature.

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25

Angelo, Aline Tochio. "Determinação da probabilidade de ocorrência de períodos secos e condições atmosféricas associadas nas zonas produtoras de cana-de-açúcar do Estado de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/14/14133/tde-16082011-163236/.

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A cana-de-açúcar é um dos principais produtos agrícolas cultivados no Brasil. O País é o maior produtor de cana-de-açúcar do mundo, sendo que o Estado de São Paulo é responsável por 57,5 % da produção brasileira. Como em qualquer outra cultura, as condições atmosféricas constituem um dos principais fatores responsáveis pela quebra na produtividade. A fim de determinar as regiões paulistas mais susceptíveis a eventos de tempo prejudiciais ao cultivo canavieiro, principalmente com relação ao déficit hídrico, foram calculadas as probabilidades de ocorrência de períodos secos no Estado para o período de 1971-2003. Os resultados mostraram que as regiões centro-norte e centro-oeste paulistas são as que possuem condições pluviométricas mais adequadas às exigências hídricas da cana-de-açúcar, com estações seca e chuvosa mais bem definidas do que nas demais regiões. Foram encontradas seis regiões homogêneas dentro do Estado quanto ao regime de precipitação, sendo que quatro destas são áreas canavieiras. Para estas quatro regiões, foram determinadas as datas de início e fim da estação chuvosa, de modo a selecionar veranicos que ocorreram dentro da mesma e que possam ter prejudicado a produção de cana no Estado. Para esses períodos, foram construídos campos médios para diferentes variáveis meteorológicas, defasados no tempo em até 3 pêntadas. A comparação entre os campos médios obtidos e campos observados em sete episódios de veranicos mostra que o campo de divergência de massa é o mais indicado na previsão dos mesmos, com 70 a 100 % de semelhanças nas características meteorológicas identificadas. Por fim, análises foram feitas sobre a existência de mudanças no padrão de precipitação das regiões canavieiras paulistas. Foi possível concluir que a quantidade de chuva acumulada nos meses de DJF apresentou tendência de aumento no período 1937-2003, assim como o número de dias de chuva maior que 1 mm, indicando um aumento do número de eventos extremos de precipitação. A análise da tendência da estação chuvosa nas quatro regiões homogêneas de interesse mostrou antecipação (atraso) no início (fim) da época das chuvas no interior do Estado, ocasionando um prolongamento na duração da estação chuvosa.
Sugarcane is one of the major agricultural products grown in Brazil. The country is the largest sugarcane producer in the world, and São Paulo State accounts for 57,5 % of Brazilian production. As in any other culture, the weather conditions play an important role on production losses. In order to identify the most vulnerable State regions for sugarcane cultivation, especially with respect to hydric deficit, the probabilities of dry spells in the State were calculated for the 1971-2003 period. The results showed that the rainfall conditions on the northern central and midwestern regions of São Paulo are the ones that better fulfill sugarcane water requirements, with wet and dry seasons better defined in comparison with the other regions. Based on precipitation, six homogeneous regions were determined inside the State. Four of these regions are sugar-cane production areas. The onset and end of the rainy season in these four regions were investigated in order to select dry spells that might have hindered the production of sugarcane in the State. Lagged mean atmospheric fields based on these dry spells were constructed. Comparisons between mean and observed fields during seven different dry spells showed that the divergence field is the one that can be best used in the forecast of dry spells, with resemblance of 70 to 100 % on meteorological characteristics and its mean values. Finally, tests were made in order to investigate the existence of changes in precipitation patterns over the productive regions of São Paulo. Results led to the conclusion that the amount of precipitation accumulated during de DJF trimester tended to increase during the 1937-2003 period, as well as the number of days with rainfall greater than 1 mm, indicating that the extreme precipitation events has possibly also increased. The trend analysis of the rainy season in the four homogeneous regions of interest showed early (late) start (end) of the rainy season in the countryside, causing a more extended rainy season.

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Asselmann, Eva [Verfasser], Katja [Akademischer Betreuer] Beesdo-Baum, Hans-Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Wittchen, and Eni S. [Akademischer Betreuer] Becker. "The role of fearful spells as risk factors for panic pathology and other mental disorders: A prospective-longitudinal study among adolescents and young adults from the community / Eva Asselmann. Gutachter: Katja Beesdo-Baum ; Hans-Ulrich Wittchen ; Eni S. Becker. Betreuer: Katja Beesdo-Baum." Dresden : Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1069092339/34.

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Asselmann, Eva Verfasser], Katja [Akademischer Betreuer] Beesdo-Baum, Hans-Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] [Wittchen, and Eni S. [Akademischer Betreuer] Becker. "The role of fearful spells as risk factors for panic pathology and other mental disorders: A prospective-longitudinal study among adolescents and young adults from the community / Eva Asselmann. Gutachter: Katja Beesdo-Baum ; Hans-Ulrich Wittchen ; Eni S. Becker. Betreuer: Katja Beesdo-Baum." Dresden : Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-158099.

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Manetsa, Viviane. "Etude multi-échelles des précipitations et du couvert végétal au Cameroun : analyses spatiales, tendances temporelles, facteurs climatiques et anthropiques de variabilité du NDVI." Thesis, Dijon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011DIJOS075/document.

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De par sa géométrie et sa situation géographique (2°N-13°N – 8°E-16°E ; ouverture sur l’océan Atlantique), le Cameroun offre l’avantage de proposer un ensemble représentatif des climats régionaux rencontrés en Afrique tropicale. La diminution des cumuls de précipitations enregistrée dans la région pendant la seconde moitié du XXe siècle, est associée à la récurrence de périodes anormalement sèches, essentiellement au cœur de la saison des pluies. Ces conditions ont amplifié la dégradation du couvert végétal au travers ses contraintes socioéconomiques et démographiques (déforestation, extension des surfaces d’activité). Les conséquences souvent dommageables de la variabilité climatique en général, et des sécheresses en particulier, sur les hommes et leurs activités suscitent l’intérêt de développer des études pour mieux comprendre comment le climat et les pressions naturelles et environnementales interagissent localement. Ainsi, l’objectif de cette thèse est de diagnostiquer la variabilité multiéchelle (saisonnière, interannuelle, intra-saisonnière, synoptique) des précipitations et les relations qu’elle entretient avec le couvert végétal au sens large qui, à ces latitudes, est associé directement ou non, à la dynamique d’occupation et d’utilisation du sol, particulièrement sur la période 1951-2002. A partir de données de précipitations observées (CRU/ponctuelles), les modes spatiaux de la variabilité ont été définis aux échelles annuelles et interannuelles, par Analyses en Composante Principale (ACP) et la Classification Ascendante Hiérarchique (CAH). Ces méthodes de classifications ont permis de discriminer cinq zones climatiques, différentes les unes des autres par l’intensité des cumuls et la saisonnalité (unimodal/bimodal). Pour chaque zone, l’attention a été portée sur les paramètres intrasaisonniers qui modulent la variabilité annuelle telle que, les séquences sèches (nombre, longueur, périodes d’occurrence) et les variations des dates de début et de fin des périodes végétatives. La répartition du couvert végétal dans l’espace et dans le temps (1982-2002) a été étudiée, en utilisant des méthodes de classification non supervisée (ISODATA) sur les données de NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation index) à 8km de résolution. Enfin, des méthodes statistiques et de télédétection ont permis d’évaluer l’impact des facteurs pluviométriques et anthropogéniques (croissance démographique et utilisation du sol) sur la dynamique du couvert végétal en utilisant des bases de données à plus fine résolution (NDVI/1Km ; Global Land Cover (GLC 2000/1Km)). Ces dernières investigations ont été menées dans le Nord-Cameroun (6°N-13°N – 11°E-16°E), qui est la région la plus sensible des points de vue climatique, économique et environnemental
Due to its shape and location (2°N-13°N – 8°E-16°E; proximity of the Atlantic Ocean), Cameroon is characterized by a panel of cross-regional climate encountered widely in tropical Africa. Over the region, the decrease rainfall during the second half of the last century has been shown to be associated with stronger recurrence of drier periods, specifically in the core of the rainy season. These conditions have favored the degradation of vegetation cover, driven by socioeconomic and demographic constraints. The substantial impacts on human activities and local society highlight the need to better understand how climate and environmental dynamics do interact locally. The aim of this study is to diagnose multi-scale rainfall variability and its relationship with vegetation cover (natural and/or grown), which is directly or indirectly associated to the land-cover and land-use dynamics at these latitudes. Using observed rainfall data (Climatic Research Unit/punctual), the spatial modes of rainfall variability at annual and intraseasonal scales are defined through Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering (AHC). These regionalizations lead to the discretisation of 5 climatic zones, distinguished from each other, by both the amount of rainfall and seasonality (unimodal / bimodal). New intraseasonal dry spells statistics (number, length, period of occurrence) are produced as well as dates of onset and end of the vegetative seasons by sub-regions. Using unsupervised classification methods (such as ISODATA) in Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data at a 8km spatial resolution, vegetation cover spatiotemporal distribution and typology were produced. Then, based on a concomitant use of statistical and GIS approaches, higher resolutions of NDVI (SPOT-1Km) and Global Land-cover data (GLC 2000), allowed to further evaluate both the pluviometric and anthropogenic factors (demography, land use) influencing vegetation dynamics. Analysis were carried out in Northern Cameroon (6°N-13°N – 11°E-16°E), which is the most sensitive region with regards to climatic and environmental variability, that could lead to important socio-economic thread locally

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Boucek, Ross E. "Investigating Sub-tropical Community Resistance and Resilience to Climate Disturbance." FIU Digital Commons, 2016. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2993.

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Changes in global climate will likely increase climate variability. In turn, changes in climate variability have begun to alter the frequency, intensity, and timing of climate disturbances. Continued changes in the climate disturbance regime experienced by natural systems will undoubtedly affect ecological processes at every hierarchical scale. Thus, in order to predict the dynamics of ecological systems in the future, we must develop a more mechanistic understanding of how and in what ways climate disturbance affects natural systems. In South Florida, two climate disturbances recently affected the region, a severe cold spell in 2010, and a drought in 2011. Importantly, these disturbances affected an ecosystem of long-term, comprehensive, and persistent ecological study in the Shark River estuary in the Everglades National Park. The aims of my dissertation were to (1) assess the relative severity of these two climate disturbances, (2) identify effects of these disturbances on community structuring, (3) compare community change from the 2010 cold spell with community change from another extreme cold spell that affected sub-tropical China in 2008, (4) assess the effects of the drought on predator prey interactions in the Shark River and (5) apply a spatial approach to predicting population resistance to these events. My results show that the 2010 cold spell was the most severe cold event to affect the Shark River in the last 80 years, while the drought was the worst drought to occur in the last 10 years. The cold spell drove community change that was predictable based on the traits of component species, whereas community change was less predictable using trait-based approaches. When comparing community change from the extreme 2010 event in Florida with the event in China, I identified three consistencies related to community change from extreme cold events that occurred across both events that will help build generalized understanding of community resistance to increasingly extreme climate events in the future. From the trophic study, I found that the drought reduced prey for estuarine piscivores. Not only was prey biomass reduced, the drought drove a compositional shift in prey communities from fish to invertebrates, which are lower in calories. Last, I found that animal movement may create temporally dynamic resistance scenarios that should be accounted for when developing predictive models.

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Ekström, Elin, and Jonna Halonen. "Hydro-climatic Risk Assessment and Communication for Smallholder Farmers in Maharashtra." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-297360.

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Smallholder farmers often have great entrepreneurial qualities that build on generations of experience. However, many farm management practices are poorly adapted to current climate change conditions. In order for farmers to understand the risks they are undertaking by following certain farming practices and to adapt accordingly, a decision support tool is being developed by researchers at TU Delft. The tool runs a socio-hydrological model, created in Python, in the back-end and provides farmer specific investment and profit data for different crops in the front-end. The aim of this study is to develop a risk assessment process that integrates hydro-climatic variability in the decision support tool, and to identify ways of communicating risk to smallholder farmers in Maharashtra, India. Two sources of variability were characterised based on a literature review of Indian farmers’ own risk perceptions; the untimely onset of the Indian Summer Monsoon and the frequency of dry spells. A sensitivity analysis was then carried out to investigate their respective effects on the farmers’ crop yields. The method proposed to evaluate these risks used a single variable, precipitation data, and a two-dimensional risk matrix to compound the two risk factors, over a time span of 14 years (2003-2016). However, the results indicate that it might be more beneficial to define dry spells in terms of crop water stress, instead of a precipitation threshold. This study also proposed a method for translating a cumulative distribution curve into a risk representation that is adapted for low-literacy users by combining numbers and text with graphics, color and voice descriptions. Ultimately, however, the usability of the tool cannot be determined solely through literature, but must involve the end-users in its design.
Småskaliga jordbrukare är goda entreprenörer som samlat på sig kunskaper och erfarenheter över flera generationer. Däremot är vissa metoder som jordbrukarna använder sig av idag för att förvalta sitt jordbruk inte anpassade till nutida klimatförändringar. För att jordbrukarna ska förstå riskerna som de åtar sig vid valet av dessa metoder försöker forskare vid TU Delft nu ta fram ett verktyg för att underlätta jordbrukares förmåga att ta självständiga men välgrundade beslut om sitt jordbruk. Verktyget är baserat på en socio-hydrologisk modell som är framtagen i Python och som förser specifika investerings- och inkomstdata för enskilda jordbrukare. Syftet med detta kandidatarbete är att bidra till verktyget genom att undersöka de hydroklimatiska risker som uppstår till följd av föränderliga och osäkra klimatologiska förhållanden för jordbrukare i delstaten Maharashtra, Indien. Två riskfaktorer karakteriserades baserat på en litteraturstudie om indiska jordbrukares riskuppfattningar: avvikelser i starten på den indiska sommarmonsunen och antal torrperioder under monsunsäsongen. Dessutom utfördes en känslighetsanalys för att undersöka om och hur den existerande modellens utdata av skörd påverkades av de valda riskfaktorerna. Monsunstarten och torrperioderna togs fram genom metoder som enbart använde historiska nederbördsdata över tidsperioden 2003-2016 och kombinerades sedan med hjälp av en tvådimensionell riskmatris. Resultaten visade att det fanns anledning att ifrågasätta hur torrperioderna definierades och att det kan vara mer fördelaktigt att undersöka vattenbrist för grödan, snarare än att enbart förlita sig på nederbördsdata. Vidare föreslog denna studie en metod för att översätta en kumulativ fördelningsfunktion till en grafisk riskframställning som är anpassad till användare med låg läskunnighet genom att kombinera siffror med text, grafik, färg och ljudförklaringar. I slutändan kan dock inte användbarheten av verktyget enbart avgöras utifrån litteratur, utan måste även inkludera återkoppling från slutanvändarna.

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Hedin, Rasmus. "Spell checker in CET Designer." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-131642.

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A common feature of text input tools is spell checking. It exists in search engines, email clients and of course in word processors like Microsoft Word. By having a spell checker when you are typing you can be more efficient than if you had to check the spelling with a separate proofing tool. Spell checking is a common request by the users of the room planning software CET Designer which is developed by Configura. In this thesis Windows Spell Checking API is evaluated and compared to alternative spell checkers. A prototype of an integrated spell checker in CET Designer text tool is then implemented with Windows Spell Checking API.

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Jarny, Philip, and Anton Nordström. "Svenska Spels marknadskommunikation i sociala medier : En flermetodsstudie av Svenska Spels kommunikation på Facebook och Twitter." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för idrottsvetenskap (ID), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-104304.

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Syftet med detta examensarbete är att undersöka Svenska Spels marknadskommunikation, såsom det kommer till uttryck i företagets sociala medier. Mer precist handlar det om att belysa Svenska Spels marknadskommunikation på Facebook och Twitter med avseende på faktorer som relaterar till frågor som har att göra med hållbarhet och samhällsnytta. Detta genomfördes genom en innehållsanalys utifrån teorier om marknadskommunikation samt en teoretisk bakgrund som kretsade kring idrottens samhällsnytta. Den kvantitativa metoden användes för att skapa en övergripande blick av det insamlade resultatet. Det gick att utläsa tre återkommande teman i inläggen som Svenska Spel kommunicerade: hållbarhet, samhällsnytta och spelreklam. Hållbarhet och samhällsnytta analyserades vidare med en kvalitativ metod för att svara på resterande frågeställningar. Resultatet visar att det vanligaste inlägget som Svenska Spel publicerade var i form av reklam för att marknadsföra deras egna tjänster. Den samhällsnytta som Svenska Spel kommunicerar visas i form av olika projekt som ämnar att få mer människor i rörelse. Vidare kommunicerar företaget olika projekt som vill främja ett hållbart spelande och arbetet mot matchfixning inom idrotten.

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Sonestedt, Christoffer, and Simon Persson. "Digitala spels användningsområden inom fritidshemmets verksamhet." Thesis, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, Högskolan i Jönköping, Fritidshemspedagogisk forskning, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-31006.

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Syftet med denna studie är att skapa kunskap kring användningen av digitala spel i fritidshemsverksamheten. Då barn och vuxna inte delar samma syn på digitala spel blir det svårt att bestämma om det är något som kan eller inte kan användas inom fritidshemsverksamheten. Vår studie utgick från ett sociokulturellt perspektiv för att se om det finns möjligheter att använda sig av de digitala spelen inom fritidshemsverksamheten och i så fall till vad. Vi ser även till ett barns perspektiv för att försöka förstå deras syn av de digitala spelen. Vi har frågat både barn och lärare hur och varför de använder digitala spel. Vi har valt att använda oss av en omgjord variant av ”walk and talk” och samtalspromenader, vi benämner detta play-and-talk med barnen och intervjuer med lärarna. Studien visar att det finns flera användningsområden för digitala spel men att det även finns negativa följder av dess användning. Till exempel nämnde deltagande i studien att det är bra för språkutveckling och sociala interaktioner. Vår studie utgår från följande syfte och forskningsfrågor: Syftet med denna studie är att skapa kunskap kring användningen av digitala spel i fritidshemmets verksamheten. Vilka för- och nackdelar finns med att använda digitala spel inom fritidshemsverksamheten? Hur beskriver lärare digitala spel i fritidshemsverksamheten?

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Viktorsson, Arvid, and Illya Kyrychenko. "Spell checker for a Java Application." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för matematik och datavetenskap (from 2013), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-78054.

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Many text-editor users depend on spellcheckers to correct their typographical errors. The absence of a spellchecker can create a negative experience for the user. In today's advanced technological environment spellchecking is an expected feature. 2Consiliate Business Solutions owns a Java application with a text-editor which does not have a spellchecker. This project aims to investigate and implement available techniques and algorithms for spellcheckers and automated word correction. During implementation, the techniques were tested for their performance and the best solutions were chosen for this project. All the techniques were gathered from earlier written literature on the topic and implemented in Java using default Java libraries. Analysis of the results proves that it is possible to create a complete spellchecker combining available techniques and that the quality of a spellchecker largely depends on a well defined dictionary.

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Olson, Ted. "Sit A Spell with Wyatt Rice." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1132.

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Excerpt: The good folks at the Mountains Of Music Homecoming who bring 9 days of music, culture, and culinary events to southwestern Virginia each June, have begun to publish short interviews with the various personalities associated with these ventures...Such includes this interview with Wyatt Rice recently conducted by Ted Olson, professor of Appalachian Studies at East Tennessee State University. Wyatt is the younger brother of the legendary Tony Rice, and performed alongside him for most of his career.

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Olson, Ted. "Sit A Spell with Jesse McReynolds." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1131.

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Excerpt: Here’s another interview conducted by the folks at the Mountains of Music Homecoming celebration, set to kick off tomorrow across southwestern Virginia...One of the artists that is being celebrated this year is Jesse McReynolds, a Virginia native who with his brother, Jim, toured for more than 50 years as Jim & Jesse.

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Bredwad, Linnea. "Spelar Roll." Thesis, Stockholm University, The Stockholm Institute of Education, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-7918.

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Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka och kartlägga attityder gentemot religionsundervisningen på gymnasiet och drama som undervisningsmetod, samt att föreslå en med drama integrerad religionsundervisning, där drama är metoden, och religion står för innehållet. Detta för att utforska utförbarheten av en sådan undervisning, där drama är metoden för religionsundervisningen på gymnasiet. Jag har med hjälp av intervjuer och litteratur undersökt vilka dramametoder som går att använda, samt vilka effekter dessa kan tänkas ha för undervisningen. Sedan har jag gett förslag på en serie konkreta religionsundervisningsexempel, vilka jag stödjer mot de didaktiska hjälpmedlen vad, hur och varför. Jag använder mig av Mia Marie Sternudds doktorsavhandling, Dramapedagogik som demokratisk fostran?, för att kategorisera mina lektionsförslag efter undervisningssyfte. För att kartlägga attityder gentemot religionsundervisningen på gymnasiet och drama som metod i undervisningen, har jag genomfört en enkätundersökning, där 100 personer, med erfarenhet av svensk gymnasial religionsundervisning, deltar. Jag har i min enkätundersökning kommit fram till, att drygt 2/3 av de 100 deltagande ställer sig positiva till drama som undervisningsmetod, samt att hela 62 procent känner att religionsundervisningen på gymnasiet är i behov av en förändring. Många ansåg att det är lärarens entusiasm som avgör om undervisningen är bra, och andra ser innehållet som det främsta viktiga. Flera önskade sig mer diskussioner och aktivitet på lektionerna. Mina undervisningsförslag som jag arbetat fram visar hur drama kan användas som metod, utan att förlora ett innehållsmässigt djup i undervisningen, och att möjligheterna till en integrerad undervisning är stor. Jag anser att jag i mina förslag, exemplifierat hur drama kan användas som undervisningsmetod i religionskunskap på gymnasiet, där undervisningen möter läro- och kursplanernas mål, samt de kursplansperspektiv som regeringen satt upp.

The purpose of this thesis is to examine attitudes towards the teaching of religion and drama as the teaching method, and to propose an integrated form of education where drama is used as a method when teaching religion. This is performed in an attempt to explore the possibility of using such a method of teaching. By studying existing literature as well as performing interviews I have examined possible drama methods and their conceivable effects on learning, and proposed classroom cases on how to apply drama. These cases are relying on what, how and why; what shall be taught, how it shall be taught, and why I have chosen this specific method. The cases are categorized in line with Mia Marie Sternudd's Ph. D Thesis, Educational Drama as a mean of fostering democratic values?, where she defines four perspectives of educational drama. A survey of one hundred individuals with experience from Swedish religious education was performed in order to examine the attitudes towards the teaching of religion. In the course of my investigation i have reached the conclusion that about two thirds of the one hundred participants think positively of the idea to use drama as a teaching method. Also, sixty two percent consider the religious education to be in need of improvement. Many think that the enthusiasm of the teacher is the deciding factor in whether the education is good, and others view the contents as the most important. Several want more discussions and activity during class. My classroom cases show how drama as a method can be used, without loosing any depth in the contents, and that the potential to use drama as a method in religious education is considerable. And I do feel that my cases show how drama may be used in teaching while maintaining the standards set by the national curriculum.

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Persons, Annie. "Jasper Speaks." VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5812.

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Millqvist, Lydia. "Ludonarrativ dissonans påverkan på ett spels trovärdighet." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-15373.

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I detta arbete undersöker jag ludonarrativ dissonans påverkan på ett spels trovärdighet. Spel idag får allt mer djupgående narrativ (Haggis, 2017) så ludonarrativ dissonans blir allt tydligare. Trovärdighet har en stark koppling till inlevelse som ofta ses som väldigt viktig (Brown & Cairns, 2004). I och med att ludonarrativ dissonans blir allt mer framträdande är det viktigt att vi undersöker dess påverkan på aspekter som trovärdighet. Min metod bestod av ett kort spel som innehöll ludonarrativ dissonans som testarna fick spela. Efter detta utförde jag en kvalitativ intervju med testarna. För de testare som tolkade dissonansen som ett problem från designprocessen försvagade dissonansen trovärdigheten. För de testare som såg dissonansen som ett karaktärsdrag hos huvudpersonen påverkade dissonansen inte trovärdigheten. Det förekom brister i min formulering av frågor för intervjun så i framtida arbete skulle jag göra om mina tester. I ett större sammanhäng skulle man kunna använda populära, etablerade spel som undersökningsmaterial.

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Liang, Hsuan Lorraine. "Spell checkers and correctors : a unified treatment." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06252009-163007/.

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Turek, Mariola. "Multiple spell-out approach to wh-fronting." Thesis, University of York, 2012. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/3377/.

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This thesis adopts the framework of the Phase Theory as outlined in Chomsky (2000; 2001) and puts forward a novel approach to wh-question formation. It compares a single wh-fronting language (English) with a multiple wh-fronting language (Polish) and provides a unified account of the derivation of wh-questions in the languages under consideration. I argue that the differences in structural representations of multiple wh-questions between Polish and English are attributed to the differences in mapping to PF. The assumption is adopted that Spell-Out does not apply in a uniform manner across languages. More specifically, while Polish is subject to multiple Spell-Out, which applies at the level of every strong phase (v*P and CP), in English, Spell-Out is based on convergence and applies once the syntactic derivation is completed. This work adopts a split-CP approach to clause structure (Rizzi 1997; 2001) and argues that features participating in wh-movement in Polish and English involve [Wh; Q], an assumption which has recently been challenged in the literature. Finally, the phenomenon of Sluicing is investigated and it is illustrated that the asymmetries in Superiority effects between fully-fledged wh-questions and multiple sluicing constructions in Polish follow from particular properties of the C system; more specifically, the absence of TopP in sluicing structures in Polish.

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42

Resende, Aidê Maria Sant’Anna [UNESP]. "SPelha: poética locativa." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/122060.

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SPelha – poética locativa é uma pesquisa teórico-prática que objetiva investigar na produção artística propostas que provocaram experiências e discussões sobre o encadeamento entre novas tecnologias, meios de comunicação, relacionamentos e espaço urbano. Por meio de um percurso observatório das práticas artísticas atuais, no contexto da ubiquidade e das potencialidades das mídias locativas que integram diversas possibilidades e estão acessíveis nos smartphones, foram ressaltados projetos que propuseram explicitar comportamentos de uso e consumo de tecnologias, as relações privadas e públicas compartilhadas, a liquidez dos lugares e sensações, o afeto e a construção coletiva de memórias. A pesquisa abre uma janela para refletir sobre como propostas no passado já antecipavam questões trazidas na produção atual, em rede. A partir do reconhecimento do campo, o trabalho culmina na apresentação da produção poética dessa pesquisa - o desenvolvimento do aplicativo para smartphones nomeado de SPelha. Sua função central é a sinalização, no mapa, dos locais onde existe ou não amor na cidade de São Paulo, criando possiblidades de espelhamento da relação do colaborador com a tecnologia e com o espaço urbano. Através da inserção de texto e/ou imagem associada à decisão positiva ou negativa, a proposta pretende criar modos de representação sobre os fluxos que integram a experimentação e interpretação da realidade cotidiana, contendo dados objetivos e subjetivos que, além dos laços emocionais, abrangem fatores culturais, políticos e sociais.
SPelha - locative poetic is a theoretical and practical research that aims to investigate within the artistic production proposals that provoked experiences and discussions on the linkage between new technologies, media, relationships, and urban space. Throughout an observatory of the current artistic practice in the context of ubiquity and capabilities of locative media that integrate various possibilities and are accessible on smartphones, projects that use explicit behaviors and consumption of new technologies, private and public relations shared in the web, the liquidity of places and sensations, affection and the construction of collective memories were highlighted. The research opens a window to reflect on how proposals in the past already anticipated issues in the current production in the network. As a consequence of the study, the work culminates in the presentation of the poetic production of this research – the development of an application for smartphones named SPelha. Through its central role, which is to point out on a map whether there is or there is not love in the city of São Paulo, the proposal creates possibilities mirroring the relationship of the user with the technology and with the urban space. By inserting a text and/or image associated with positive or negative decision, the proposal intends to create forms of representation about the flux that integrate experimentation and interpretation of everyday reality, containing objective and subjective data that, beyond the emotional ties, cover cultural political and social factors.

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43

Resende, Aidê Maria Sant'Anna 1981. "SPelha : poética locativa /." São Paulo, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/122060.

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Orientador: Rosangela Leote da Silva
Banca: Milton Sogabe
Banca: Marcus Vinicius Fainer Bastos
Resumo: SPelha - poética locativa é uma pesquisa teórico-prática que objetiva investigar na produção artística propostas que provocaram experiências e discussões sobre o encadeamento entre novas tecnologias, meios de comunicação, relacionamentos e espaço urbano. Por meio de um percurso observatório das práticas artísticas atuais, no contexto da ubiquidade e das potencialidades das mídias locativas que integram diversas possibilidades e estão acessíveis nos smartphones, foram ressaltados projetos que propuseram explicitar comportamentos de uso e consumo de tecnologias, as relações privadas e públicas compartilhadas, a liquidez dos lugares e sensações, o afeto e a construção coletiva de memórias. A pesquisa abre uma janela para refletir sobre como propostas no passado já antecipavam questões trazidas na produção atual, em rede. A partir do reconhecimento do campo, o trabalho culmina na apresentação da produção poética dessa pesquisa - o desenvolvimento do aplicativo para smartphones nomeado de SPelha. Sua função central é a sinalização, no mapa, dos locais onde existe ou não amor na cidade de São Paulo, criando possiblidades de espelhamento da relação do colaborador com a tecnologia e com o espaço urbano. Através da inserção de texto e/ou imagem associada à decisão positiva ou negativa, a proposta pretende criar modos de representação sobre os fluxos que integram a experimentação e interpretação da realidade cotidiana, contendo dados objetivos e subjetivos que, além dos laços emocionais, abrangem fatores culturais, políticos e sociais.
Abstract: SPelha - locative poetic is a theoretical and practical research that aims to investigate within the artistic production proposals that provoked experiences and discussions on the linkage between new technologies, media, relationships, and urban space. Throughout an observatory of the current artistic practice in the context of ubiquity and capabilities of locative media that integrate various possibilities and are accessible on smartphones, projects that use explicit behaviors and consumption of new technologies, private and public relations shared in the web, the liquidity of places and sensations, affection and the construction of collective memories were highlighted. The research opens a window to reflect on how proposals in the past already anticipated issues in the current production in the network. As a consequence of the study, the work culminates in the presentation of the poetic production of this research - the development of an application for smartphones named SPelha. Through its central role, which is to point out on a map whether there is or there is not love in the city of São Paulo, the proposal creates possibilities mirroring the relationship of the user with the technology and with the urban space. By inserting a text and/or image associated with positive or negative decision, the proposal intends to create forms of representation about the flux that integrate experimentation and interpretation of everyday reality, containing objective and subjective data that, beyond the emotional ties, cover cultural political and social factors.
Mestre

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44

Domeij, Johan, and Anders Åström. "Svenska Spels sociala ansvarstagande : Ett spel för galleriet?" Thesis, Umeå University, Umeå School of Business, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1893.

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Socialt ansvar är en faktor som har en betydande roll i dagens företagsklimat. Svenska Spel är ett företag som måste ta ett stort socialt ansvar, dels på grund av sina produkter och dels sin ägarstruktur. Deras produkter lockar med spännig och möjligheter till rikedom men produkterna har också en negativ baksida. Spelande kan leda till ett beroende där individen själv och andra människor i dess närhet påverkas och far illa. I och med utvecklandet av snabba spel och dess enkla tillgänglighet över Internet har kraven på spelbolagens sociala ansvar stärkts. Detta leder fram till vårt syfte: Att analysera i vilken utsträckning Svenska Spel tar sitt sociala ansvar utifrån vad de själva anser sig ta för ansvar samt hur deras intressenter upplever Svenska Spels sociala ansvarstagande. Vidare undrade vi hur Svenska Spel upplyser sina konsumenter om de negativa faktorerna kring deras spelprodukter och hur deras sociala ansvarstagande yttrar sig.

Vi genomförde en kvalitativ undersökning där vi intervjuade intressenter till Svenska Spel. Genom att använda en egenkonstruerad intressentmodell hittade vi representativa respondenter från de intressentkategorier som vi ansåg påverkades av eller själva påverkade Svenska Spel. Djupintervjuer användes för att skapa en djupare förståelse kring hur intressenterna uppfattade Svenska Spels sociala ansvar.

Den empirisk insamlade datan samt analysen är tematiskt indelad efter frågor rörande socialt ansvar, kommunikation, information och marknadsföring baserat på teorier rörande samma ämnen. Genom analysen har vi kunnat konstatera att

Svenska Spel enbart anser sig ha ett spelansvar och inget ansvar för de människor som utvecklat ett spelberoende. Svenska Spels intressenter menar att företaget inte tar ett tillfredställande socialt ansvar eftersom företaget inte finner sig ansvarigt för de negativa effekter företagets produkter åstadkommer.

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45

Sjödahl, Anna. "Spela för kunskap : Digitala spels effekter i matematikundervisningen." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-45434.

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Den här forskningsöversikten innehåller två delar; en sammanfattning av vad som kan sägas om effekterna på elevers lärande och attityder gentemot matematik när digitala spel används i undervisningen; och en analys av vilken potential digitala spel har i ett sociokulturellt klassrum. Resultaten visar att det inte finns någon absolut konsensus bland forskarna men en trend visar på att digitala spel kan ha en positiv effekt på både elevers lärande och attityder gentemot matematik. Fynden visar en del forskning om vilka funktioner i spelen som är fördelaktiga för lärandeprocessen, men vidare forskning behövs. Vidare visar de digitala spelen potential i flera aspekter ur ett sociokulturellt perspektiv. De fynden kommer att diskuteras vidare i uppsatsen.
This review contains two parts; a summary of what can be said about the effects on students learning and attitudes towards mathematics when digital games are used in education; and an analysis of which potential digital games has in a socio cultural classroom. The results show that it is no absolute consensus among the researchers but a trend saying that digital games can have a positive effect on both students learning and attitudes towards mathematics. The findings show some research done about what features in the games that are beneficial for the learning process, but further research is needed. Furthermore, the digital games show potential in several aspects from a socio cultural perspective. Those findings will be further discussed in the paper.

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Gallagher, Alison Margaret. "Alphabetic knowledge in learning to read and spell." Thesis, Open University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.237739.

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Korhonen, Tuomas Henrikki. "Methods for improving spell checking for dyslexic writers." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.515193.

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Jensing, Marie. "Spelar hjärnan någon roll?" Thesis, Stockholm University, The Stockholm Institute of Education, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-7917.

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Syftet med den här uppsatsen var att genom en litteraturstudie undersöka vilka huvudsakliga förklaringar som fanns till unga vuxnas psykiska ohälsa. Det var också av intresse att få se om det fanns någon skillnad i sättet att förklara orsakerna till psykisk ohälsa hos män respektive kvinnor. Studien innehöll artiklar ur Läkartidningen, Psykologtidningen, Transmittorn samt en rapport från SOU. Resultatet visade att unga vuxnas psykiska ohälsa bottnade till stor del i ett allt mer individualiserat samhälle. Det hade lett till att ett stort ansvar, många gånger högt över vad individen mäktade med, hade lagts ned på individnivå. Förmågan att göra rätt val i livet hade inte utvecklats i samma takt som de nya möjligheterna hade skapats. I analysen framkom olika förklaringsmodeller. Dessa modeller hade i sin tur bidragit till skillnaderna i sättet att beskriva orsakerna till psykisk ohälsa hos män respektive kvinnor. Kvinnor beskrevs som bräckliga och deras cyklicitet kopplades utan vetenskapliga belägg ihop med diagnosen depression. Det som gick att finna angående männens psykiska ohälsa beskrevs mer som ett beteendeproblem där aggressivitet och missbruk fick stå för den stora förklaringen.

The purpose of this paper was to understand through a review of the literature the main explanations given for mental ill-health in young adults. It was also of interest to investigate if different explanations were given for mental ill-health among young men, as opposed to women. This study reviewed articles taken from Läkartidningen, Psykologtidningen, and Transmittorn, as well as a report from SOU. The results indicated that the underlying cause for mental ill-health in young adults is to a large extent an increasingly individualized society, leading in turn to more responsibility being laid upon young adults often ill-equiped to handle it; the ability to make successful choices in life does not always develop at the same speed as the new opportunities that society creates. The analysis revealed that different explanations / models were used to describe the causes of mental ill-health in men and in women. Women were described as fragile, and a diagnosis of depression was linked, without scientific proof, to their reproductive / hormonal / monthly cycles. Mental ill-health in men, on the other hand, was described more as a behavioral problem, with aggression and drug abuse as the main cause. Keyword Young adults, gender, health, mental ill-health

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Payer, Tilman. "Modelling extreme wind speeds." Diss., lmu, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-67547.

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Josephson, Agneta. "Jokern – dialogkonstnär i spelet." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för kultur-, religions- och utbildningsvetenskap, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-7827.

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Sammanfattning I stora delar av världen används forumteater för att motverka förtryck. När forumteater spelas har jokern en nyckelroll. Undersökningens syfte är att ta reda på vad de i studien ingående jokrarna uppfattar som jokring och hur de uppfattar jokring samt att skapa beskrivningskategorier för dessa uppfattningar. Frågeställningen är: Hur beskriver jokrar jokring? I undersökningen har korta intervjuer med 19 jokrar analyserats. Jokrarna kommer från 11 länder. Intervjuerna är hämtade från den internationella hemsidan för Teater för förtryckta. Metoden i undersökningen är huvudsakligen fenomenografisk. Resultat: Jokring är att leda forumteaterprocessen med dialogen i centrum. Fyra uppfattningar av aspekter hos jokerns roll har framkommit, här beskrivna metaforiskt: Jokern som etiker/filosof, jokern som samhällsförändrare, jokern som hantverkare och jokern som psykolog. Jokern stimulerar med hjälp av forumteatern till dialog. Jokrarna i undersökningen har uppfattningen att dialogen utgör både medel och mål med jokring och med forumteater. Dialogen uppfattas ske med olika medel, olika riktning och med olika föresatser. Den sker visuellt, med tal och i handling. Den har sitt fokus, sin riktning, gentemot individerna i publiken, mot publiken som grupp och/eller mot den samhällsgrupp som publiken antas komma ifrån. Föresatsen med jokerns dialog är att stödja och/eller utmana. Avsikten med undersökningen har varit att få ökad kunskap om jokring och att skapa underlag för fortsatt arbete för ökad kunskap om jokring.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Spells'

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