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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Spektrometry'
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1
Měřínská, Radana. "Analýza flavonoidů v pivu metodou LC-MS." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-216608.
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Presented diploma thesis is focused on analysis of phenolic compounds in various types of beers. The aim of this work was to find possible differences among several types of beers and also between Czech beers and beers of foreign production. Theoretical part contains detailed description of beer technology, review of important analytical methods for determination of phenolic compounds and total antioxidant activity. The main attention is focused on instrumental technique LC/MS. In the experimental part values of total phenolics and total flavonoids and results of antioxidant status in analyzed beers were determined spectrophotometrically. Basic brewing characteristics were determined by pycnometry. On-line liquid chromatography with photo diode array detection and mass spectrometry detection was used for identification and quantification of individual phenolic compounds. Spectrophotometric analysis of phenolic and flavonoid levels seems to be less specific, that is consistent with findings in accessible literature. It was proved, that iso- bitter compounds exhibit about 65.44 – 90.93 % of the total bitter substances. These components are responsible for the main part of beer bitterness. The HPLC/PDA/ESI-MS was necessary to use for determination of characteristic phenolic compounds in individual types of beer. Within our measurement three columns were tested, the most favourable results were obtained using the column Restek C18. When compared with foreing beers, in Czech beers higher level of majority of phenolic compounds was detected and specific distribution of individual derivatives was found as well.
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Indra, Zdeněk. "Ramanova spektroskopie pro výuku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442434.
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This thesis examines the principle of the Raman phenomenon and the function of the Raman spectrometer in order to build a low-cost Raman spectrometer assembly for school laboratory teaching. The thesis lists the important parts of the device and describes their key features. Subsequently, the selection of each component is discussed and a basic experiment is performed to verify the principle of this spectrometer. In the final part, a low-cost Raman spectrometer is constructed and tested thanks to the knowledge gained.
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Krzyžanková, Anežka. "Studium reakcí kyslíku a ozónu na povrchu konstrukčních materiálů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-445144.
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This master's thesis deals with the study of the reactions of the ozone and oxygen with various construction materials. Ozone as an unstable gas tends to decompose spontaneously and this process can be accelerated by reaction with other substances. The aim of this work is to determine the course of ozone's formation and its depletion in after the contact with various substances. Ozone is widely used mainly due to its disinfecting effects. Therefore, the monitoring of these reactions is beneficial for the choosing of ozonizer's material or its accessories. The theoretical part of this work describes the important properties of the ozone, the possibilities of using this gas, various methods of its generation, the influence of gas admixtures and a temperature on its generation and decomposition, the methods of determining the concentration and surface reaction. The dependence of ozone's formation on the size of the reaction space was monitored for either the silicone and Teflon material in the experimental part of the thesis. The length of the hoses was 20-50 cm and the diameter of the inner space was 6 mm for Teflon and 7,99 mm for a silicone. Furthermore, other experiments were performed for the silicone material, where the formation of the ozone was monitored while the oxygen and argon were being used as working gases. The formation and the depletion of the ozone depending on the changes of reaction time were investigated in the third series of experiments. We worked with a ceramic material with two different inner diameters and also with a brass and a stainless steel material in this experiment. The materials were constructed as the tubes of the same length of 54 cm. The ozone generated from the oxygen was enclosed into the reaction tube and the depletion was monitored. The last experiment was focused on the monitoring of the course of ozone's formation in a quartz cuvette influenced by the reaction time and the composition of the working gas. The amount of generated ozone was determined by absorption spectrometry in the all studied cases. The ozone flowing through the system was adsorbed by the surface of the material during the discharge. A mixture of gases (the adsorbed ozone, the oxygen and the argon in various ratios) was present in the sealed reaction space. The Ozone was formed on the surface of the material. The adsorbed ozone decomposed into a molecular and an atomic oxygen. The atomic oxygen reacted with the oxygen molecule occurring in the reaction space. The reaction time leading to the biggest obtained concentration of generated ozone was determined by the experimental data. For most of the materials, the reaction time was about 6 minutes.
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Kosárová, Hedvika. "Aplikace prekoncentračních/separačních technik pro stanovení platiny v životním prostředí atomovou spektrometrií." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-216914.
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This thesis deals with optimization of conditions for the determination of platinum by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. The theoretical part describes the occurrence of platinum in different part of the environment, its physical and chemical properties, transport and bioavailability. There is also evaluated appropriate method for determination and preconcentration of platinum. The experimental part describes advance of optimize the measurement conditions for ETA-AAS, further is describes optimization of condition for SPE and work with real samples on which are applied this conditions.
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Svozilová, Eva. "Stanovení obsahu kadmia v rostlinném pletivu smrku ztepilého a buku lesního po aplikaci nanočástic oxidu kademnatého." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-295648.
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The aim of this thesis is to monitor cadmium content in needles of Norway spruce and European beech leaves after controlled exposure to cadmium oxide nanoparticles and evaluate the potential risks of such nanoparticles to plants. Needles and leaves were harvested after a one-week and two-week exposure and prior to analysis of cadmium content, they were modified using relevant procedures. Samples were mineralized in nitric acid using pressurized microwave mineralizer and subsequently analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) with electrothermal atomization of cadmium content. Based on the results AAS analysis the transport of nanoparticles into the plant tissue of studied species was evaluated, comparing the content of cadmium in one week and two weeks experiment in the washed and unwashed samples of needles and leaves.
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Veldamonová, Aneta. "Studium výskytu kolistinu v půdě." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442871.
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Colistin is a polypeptide antibiotic used as a "last resort" effective against Gram-negative bacteria. However, increase in its consumption in veterinary medicine in the last 30 years has led to the development of bacterial resistance even to colistin. The application of slurry to soil containing unmetabolized colistin and resistant bacteria poses a risk, because the resistance of bacteria to colistin can be further developed and spread to other components of the environment. Therefore, this work was focused on the creation and optimization of extraction and analytical methods for soil samples containing colistin. Colistin was detected by liquid chromatography in connection with mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS and UPLC/MS/MS). Many extraction solutions have been tested in connection with ultrasonic extraction and purification on various SPE columns, yet colistin has not been successfully extracted from the soil. Colistin was successfully detected only in the slurry extract. The reason why colistin was not detected in soil extracts could be the sorption of colistin on soil organic matter or the formation of complexes of colistin with humic substances.
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Krejsková, Eliška. "Vliv teploty na generaci a rozklad ozónu na pevných površích." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-216892.
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This master’s thesis is focused on a study of temperature influence on ozone generation and decomposition by chosen solid surfaces. Ozone is unstable gas that is decomposed spontaneously. This decomposition can be accelerated by various factors such as increase in temperature or reaction with other substances. The aim of this study is to determinate how fast the ozone decomposition proceeds at different temperatures and how the homogenous decomposition of ozone is accelerated by heterogeneous processes on the walls of solid materials. Currently in practise ozone is used in many areas and the finding of the rate of its decomposition can help to increase efficiency of its production and subsequent specific applications. In the theoretical part of the thesis, these points are described: important properties of ozone, possibilities of its utilization, the ozone generation, some methods of determination of the ozone concentration, ozone relationship to various solid surfaces and present theoretical knowledge about the effect of temperature on the ozone generation and decomposition. In the experimental part, the rate of the ozone decomposition in reaction tubes made of copper and iron of two different surface to volume ratios was investigated at temperatures of 10, 25, 40, 55, 70 and 85 °C. Ozone generated from oxygen was closed in the reaction tube and the decrease of its concentration during the time was observed by absorption spectroscopy. From obtained exponential dependencies, the rate constants at different conditions of this experiment were evaluated. The rate of ozone decomposition significantly increased with higher temperature. The fastest ozone decomposition took place in the iron tube of larger inner diameter (8 mm).
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Küster, Theres. "Modellierung von Getreidebestandsspektren zur Korrektur BRDF-bedingter Einflüsse auf Vegetationsindizes im Rahmen der EnMAP-Mission." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16389.
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Das Monitoring von Landwirtschaftsflächen ist eines der Kernthemen der zukünftigen EnMAP Mission, einem deutschen, hyperspektralen Fernerkundungssensor, dessen Start für 2015 geplant ist. In Vorbereitung dieser Mission gehören die Erweiterung und Entwicklung objektiver, robuster sowie zuverlässiger Methoden zur Ableitung biophysikalischer Parameter zu den Hauptaufgaben. Die für das Monitoring von Vegetation notwendige hohe zeitliche Auflösung wird durch ein stufenloses Schwenken von bis zu +/-30° quer zur Flugrichtung erreicht. Daraus resultiert, dass die Daten durch variierende Ein- und Ausstrahlungsgeometrien stark beeinflusst werden. Daher ist eine detaillierte Kenntnis der bidirektionalen Reflexionsfunktion (engl. bidirectional reflectance distribution function, BRDF) der beobachteten Oberflächen notwendig, um diese Einflüsse auf das Reflexionssignal zu identifizieren und anschließend zu korrigieren. Zu diesem Zweck wurde in dieser Arbeit eine Methodik entwickelt, die es ermöglicht, auf der Basis von simulierten Spektren realistische BRDF Szenarien zu modellieren und oberflächenspezifische Korrekturfunktionen abzuleiten. Die Methodik besteht aus drei aufeinander aufbauenden Komponenten. Im ersten Schritt erfolgt die Modellierung der BRDF von landwirtschaftlichen Vegetationsbeständen. Im zweiten Schritt wird der Einfluss der Bestandsarchitektur auf die BRDF analysiert. Darüber hinaus wird untersucht, inwiefern sich Variationen in der BRDF auf die quantitative Ausprägung von Vegetationsindizes auswirken. Solche Indizes sind eine häufig genutzte Möglichkeit zur Quantifizierung biophysikalische Parameter im Rahmen empirischer Verfahren. Aufbauend auf den gewonnenen Erkenntnissen wurden im dritten Schritt Korrekturfunktionen für ausgewählte Vegetationsindizes entwickelt, um Schrägblickbeobachtungen in Nadirbeobachtungen zu transformieren. Abschließend wurde die entwickelte Methodik auf simulierte, sensorspezifische Spektren übertragen.Monitoring of arable crops is one of the core applications of the upcoming spaceborne EnMAP mission, a German hyperspectral imaging spectrometer scheduled for launch in 2015. During the present preparatory phase one of the primary tasks is the development of accurate, robust and reliable retrieval methods for biophysical canopy parameters. Monitoring of crop canopies requires a frequent temporal coverage. In case of EnMAP, this will be realised by an off-nadir pointing of the sensor up to +/-30° across to the flight direction. The off-nadir pointing leads to data strongly influenced by varying acquisition geometry. Therefore, detailed knowledge of bidirectional reflectance distribution functions (BRDF) of the observed surfaces is necessary to identify and to correct BRDF influenced reflectance signals. For this purpose, a methodology was developed that allows modelling of realistic BRDF scenarios and of surface-specific correction functions. This methodology consists of three consecutive parts. In the first part, modelling of the BRDF of crop canopies was performed. In the second part, the influence of canopy architecture on the BRDF was analysed. Additionally, the BRDF related dependencies of vegetation indices were investigated. Such indices are widely used to quantify biophysical canopy parameters based on empirical methods. In the third part, correction functions were developed for selected vegetation indices to enable a transformation from off-nadir into nadir observations. These correction functions incorporate results obtained in the second part of the methodology. Finally, the developed methodology was applied on sensor-specific simulated spectra.
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Flegr, Šimon. "Studium autenticity kávy různého geografického původu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-433095.
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This diploma thesis researches coffee authenticity problematice, mainly focusing on the authenticity of geographic origin. In the theoretical part of this work, botanical classification is described as well as production technology and processes. The work also includes chemical composition of coffee, describing the major components and changes during production phases. It describes major production areas of the world, in terms of general description and brief history. Problematics with coffee fraud and its identification are also described. Theoretical part also includes general geological description of 17 studied coffee growing regions. Experimental part is devoted to trace amount analysis of selected elements and volatile compounds. The element analysis was conducted using mass spectrometry or optical emission spectrometry, volatile compounds were determined using gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry detection. Results were statistically described and analyzed, resulting in several discrimination models based on geographic origin.
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Co, Michelle. "Pressurised Fluid Extraction of Bioactive Species in Tree Barks : Analysis using Hyphenated Electrochemical Mass Spectrometric Detection." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Analytisk kemi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-133264.
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Analytical chemistry has developed throughout time to meet current needs. At present, the interest in biorefinery is growing, due to environmental awareness and the depletion of fossil resources. Biomass from agricultural and forestry industries has proven to be excellent raw material for different processes. Biorefinering valuable species such as bioactive species from biomass, without compromising the primary process of the biomass is highly desirable. Pressurised fluid extraction (PFE) using water and ethanol as a solvent was developed for extracting betulin from birch (Betula pendula) bark. Apart from betulin, stilbene glucosides such as astringin, isorhapontin and picied were also extracted from spruce (Picea abies) using PFE. PFE is an advanced technique that extracts at temperatures above the solvent’s atmospheric boiling point. The applied pressure in PFE is mainly to maintain the liquid state of the extraction solvent. Parameters such as type of solvent, temperature, and time affect the extraction selectivity and efficiency. Therefore it is necessary to comprehend these parameters in order to optimise extraction. The DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) assay was used to determine the antioxidant capacity and activity of the obtained bioactive species. The results showed high antioxidant capacity in bioactive species that were extracted at an elevated temperature, 180°C. Extraction and degradation occur simultaneously during the extraction. Hence, it is crucial to separate these two processes in order to obtain the actual value. An online hyphenated system of chromatographic separation electrochemical mass spectrometric detection was developed (LC-DAD-ECD-MS/MS). The electrochemical detector facilitates real-time monitoring of the antioxidant capacity and activity of each antioxidant and its oxidation products. This developed LC-DAD-ECD-MS/MS method enabled rapid screening of antioxidants and created a fingerprint map for their oxidation products. Characterisation and molecular elucidation of bioactive species were also performed. Degradation of bioactive species was investigated with the said online system and birch bark extract was compared with birch bark extracts that were hydrothermally treated. The obtained results showed some degradation of antioxidants at 180°C. In summary, the aim of this thesis was to develop analytical methods integrated with sustainable chemistry for extraction of bioactive species in biomass from the forestry industry. A novel online system using selective and sensitive detectors such as diode-array, electrochemical, and tandem mass spectrometry was developed to rapidly determine the antioxidant capacity and activity of antioxidants. Furthermore, tandem mass spectrometry enables identification of unknown bioactive species without the need of reference samples.Felaktigt tryckt som Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Science and Technology 719
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Segiňák, Ján. "Optimalizace pokusného NQR spektrometru." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-318168.
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The thesis deals with the NQR spectroscopy, which is one of the modern non-destructive measurement and diagnostic methods for the characterization of various materials. It is using a quadrupole moment - a property of atomic nuclei of certain isotopes. A method of nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) is in principle very similar to nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Thesis in the theoretical part analyse the principles of NMR and NQR, describes the possible use of this method to detect for example explosives, drugs, and other chemicals. In the following chapters are analysed the key parameters of NQR spectrometer and the principle of the chosen measurement method. The practical part deals with the individual components of NQR spectrometer, the design of possible improvements and programming of the measuring sequence. In the final chapter are processed the measurements of the submitted samples.
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Brauer, Romy. "Einfluss präanalytischer Faktoren auf die Untersuchung des Aminosäure- und Acylcarnitinstoffwechsels." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-92011.
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Quantitative Untersuchungen krankheitsspezifischer oder krankheitsassoziierter metabolischer Signaturen in humanen Körperflüssigkeiten („Clinical Metabolomics“) haben zum Ziel neue Ansätze für diagnostische oder therapeutische Konzepte zu entwickeln. Die simultane quantitative Analytik von Aminosäuren (AS) und Acylcarnitinen (AC) mittels Tandem-Massenspektrometrie (MS/MS) ermöglicht die Erfassung wichtiger Stoffwechselwege des humanen Metabolismus. Hierzu zählen der Stoffwechsel der ketogenen AS, des Harnstoffzyklus oder der β-Oxidation langkettiger Fettsäuren. Allerdings wird die Konzentration der verschiedenen metabolischen Parameter in humanen Körperflüssigkeiten durch eine Vielzahl präanalytischer in vitro Störfaktoren und in vivo Einflussgrößen beeinflusst. Diese können zu signifikanten Veränderungen der Laborergebnisse führen.
Im Rahmen meiner Promotionsarbeit wurden in vitro Störfaktoren (Probenmaterial, Lagerung u. a.) und in vivo Einflussgrößen (Ernährung, physische Aktivität) untersucht und ein standardisiertes Präanalytik-Protokoll entwickelt. Dazu wurden pro Probe 3 µL Trockenblut (TB), 10 µL Serum oder Plasma nach Butylierung mittels Elektrospray-Ionisations-MS/MS analysiert und jeweils 26 AS und 35 AC in 1,5 Minuten simultan bestimmt.
Als Ergebnis der zahlreichen systematischen Präanalytik-Untersuchungen konnten signifikante Konzentrationsunterschiede der Metabolite zwischen kapillärer und venöser Blutentnahme sowie in Abhängigkeit des Hämatokrits gefunden werden. Im Vergleich zu Serum und antikoaguliertem Plasma (EDTA, Citrat, Heparin) waren die Konzentrationen der langkettigen AC im TB 5-fach höher. Nahrungsaufnahme und körperliche Aktivität führten ebenfalls zu signifikanten Veränderungen der AS- und AC-Konzentrationen. Durch Optimierung des Probenaufarbeitungsprotokolls konnte die Variabilität zwischen den Messtagen für 17 AS und 6 AC auf < 20 % gesenkt werden.
Die Ergebnisse meiner Promotionsarbeit unterstreichen den Einfluss präanalytischer Faktoren auf die Metabolomanalytik. Durch Etablierung und Einhaltung standardisierter präanalytischer Protokolle kann die präanalytische Varianz der Ergebnisse deutlich verringert werden. Sie stellen somit eine wichtige Voraussetzung für eine qualitativ hochwertige Metabolomanalytik im Rahmen klinischer Studien zur Identifizierung neuer Biomarker dar.
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Pospíchal, David. "Systém pro měření lokálních IR spekter." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442520.
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The diploma thesis deals with the design of a system for measuring infrared spectra from local areas of samples. The theoretical part describes the electromagnetic waves and related phenomena. Furthermore, the semiconductor junction and solar cells are discussed. The following is a basic description of line spectrometers. In the practical part, a suitable arrangement of the whole system, collimator design, and especially the core of the whole work, ie control software and signal processing, are proposed.
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Schneider, Martin. "Návrh spektrometru s opticky detekovanou magnetickou rezonancí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-318818.
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Diplomová práce se zabývá návrhem a sestavením nového spektrometru opticky detekované magnetické rezonance (ODMR) modifikací stávajícího spektrometru magnetického kruhového dichroismu (MCD) přivedením mikrovlnného ozařování. Je navrhnut nový držák vzorku umožnující osvětlení jak viditelným světlem, tak mikrovlnným zářením. Pro přivedení vlnění o nižších frekvencích je navržena anténa, určená k umístění pod vzorkem. Schopnosti celého systému jsou demonstrovány na sloučenínách kovových komplexů.
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Banytė, Milda. "Kreatino apykaitos metabolitų analizė dujų chromatografu - masių spektrometru." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20140627_165755-70512.
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Paveldimi kreatino biosintezės bei pernašos į ląstelę sutrikimai sukelia psichomotorinį atsilikimą, kalbos sutrikimus bei epilepsiją, nes nerviniame audinyje trūksta kreatino. Kreatinas yra azoto turintis organinis junginys, kuris natūraliai susidaro organizme ir yra naudojamas energijai išgauti audiniuose, ypač raumeniniame, nes skatina adenozintrifosfato (ATP) susidarymą. Organizme kreatinas visuomet yra pusiausvyroje su kreatininu. Yra išskiriami trys genetiškai paveldimi kreatino biosintezės ir pernašos sutrikimai: 1. Guanidinoacetato metiltransferazės stoka: kreatino ir kreatinino koncentracijų santykis šlapime sumažėjęs, guanidinoacetato koncentracija šlapime, kraujo plazmoje ir smegenų skystyje padidėjusi. 2. Arginino:glicino amidinotransferazės stoka: kraujo plazmoje ir šlapime guanidinoacetato koncentracija sumažėjusi, kreatino ir kreatinino koncentracijų santykis šlapime sumažėjęs. 3. Kreatino pernašos baltymo stoka: kreatino ir kreatinino koncentracijų santykis šlapime padidėjęs, guanidinoacetato koncentracija šlapime normali. Neįprastos kreatino ir kreatinino bei jų pirmtako guanidinoacetato koncentracijos nustatomos kraujo plazmoje bei šlapime. Dujų chromatografijos – masių spektrometrijos metodas leidžia atlikti kokybinę bei kiekybinę kreatino ir guanidinoacetato analizę šlapime greitai, patikimai ir be didelių finansinių išteklių. Diagnozavus pirmas dvi ligas, gali būti skirtas eksperimentinis gydymas kreatinu. Kreatino transportinio baltymo stokos atveju... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]Creatine and phosphocreatine play an essential role in energy storage and transmission in several tissues. Two enzymes are involved in creatine biosynthesis: arginine:glycine amidinotransferase, which converts arginine and glicine to ornithine and guanidinoacetate, and S-adenosyl-lmethionine:N-guanidinoacetate methyltransferase, which converts guanidinoacetate to creatine. The latter is transported to tissues by the Cr transporter, and is non-enzymatically converted to creatinine. Creatine deficiency syndromes are a newly described group of inborn errors of creatine synthesis (arginine : glycine amidinotransferase (AGAT) deficiency and guanidinoacetate methyltransferase (GAMT) deficiency) and of creatine transport (creatine transporter (CrT) deficiency). The common clinical feature of creatine deficiency syndromes is mental retardation and epilepsy. Measurement of guanidinoacetate in body fluids may discriminate between the GAMT (high concentration), AGAT (low concentration) and CrT (normal concentration) deficiencies. Further biochemical characteristics include changes in creatine and creatinine concentrations in body fluids. GAMT and AGAT deficiency are treatable by oral creatine supplementation, while patients with CrT deficiency do not respond to this type of treatment. Creatine and guanidinoacetate analysis by GC-MS can be very informative and important method in diagnosing the inborn errors of creatine metabolism. In this work the urine samples of patients with... [to full text]
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Ertl, Lukáš. "Software pro řízení hmotnostního spektrometru a nanášecího zařízení." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229955.
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This thesis describes the design and implementation of control applications for the deposition interface and mass spectrometer. The paper describes the working principle of these devices and their hardware specifications. It also describes how the design and the conception of the application. Developed applications are tested on real devices at the end.
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Prochazka, David. "Detekce brzdných stop pomocí spektrometrie laserem indukovaného plazmatu (LIBS) a spektrometrie laserem indukované fluorescence (LIBS + LIFS)." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-234233.
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The aim of this work is to investigate the potential of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) for identification of visually unrecognizable braking tracks. Identification of these tracks is based on different chemical composition of tire tread in comparison to road surface. The investigation was divided in several sequential steps – selection of suitable chemical element and its spectral line for break tracks identification; determination of the limits of detection and threshold intensity respectively for the selected chemical element; verification of LIBS ability to detect braking tracks on a real braking track. This testing braking track was prepared by exactly defined and described conditions. The detection was performed in two ways – laboratory analysis of tire treads particles collected via adhesive tape and in situ analysis via mobile apparatus. Results of both measurements showed that LIBS is able to detect visually unrecognizable braking tracks. Concepts of the devices capable of routine braking tracks identification for both possibilities were introduced.
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Richter, Tom. "Entwicklung zweier Spektrometer für laserbeschleunigte Protonenstrahlen." Master's thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-124604.
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Durch die Fokussierung eines ultrakurzen und hochintensiven Laserpulses auf ein Festkörpertarget können Pulse von Protonen und anderen positiv geladenen Ionen mit Teilchenenergien von einigen MeV pro Nukleon erzeugt werden. Die Charakterisierung dieser Teilchenstrahlung erfordert die Identifizierung der Ionenspezies und die Bestimmung ihrer spektralen Verteilung möglichst nach jedem Puls. Im Rahmen dieser Diplomarbeit wurden zwei Spektrometer entwickelt und am DRACO-Lasersystem des Forschungszentrums Dresden implementiert. Neben der Inbetriebnahme eines Thomson-Spektrometers mit einer Mikrokanalplatte und einem Fluoreszenzschirm als Auslese erfolgte die Entwicklung eines Flugzeitspektrometers. Die Verwendung einer Mikrokanalplatte mit nur 180ps Anstiegszeit als Signalverstärker sorgt darin für eine verbesserte Energieauflösung und einen flexibleren Einsatz im Experimentierbetrieb. Ein dem Flugzeitsignal überlagertes Störsignal, welches durch die Einstreuungen eines elektromagnetischen Impulses in den Aufbau verursacht wurde, konnte erfolgreich durch die Anwendung verschiedener Filter unterdrückt werden. Als Ergebnis dieser Arbeit steht eine anwendungsbereite Diagnostik für laserbeschleunigte Protonen und Ionen zur VerfügungBy focusing an ultra-short high-intensity laser pulse on a solid target, pulses of protons and other positive charged ions with energies of several MeV per nucleon are generated. It is necessary to identify the species of those particles and obtain their energy spectra in a single-shot regime. Within this diploma thesis two spectrometers have been developed and implemented in the DRACO-laboratory of the Forschungszentrum Dresden. Besides a Thomson spectrometer with read-out via microchannel plate and phosphor screen, a time-of-flight spectrometer was developed. The usage of a microchannel plate with 180ps rise time as a signal amplifier leads therein to a better energy resolution and a more flexible handling in experimental operation. A noise signal generated by stray pick-up of an electromagnetic pulse and superimposing the time-of-flight signal was considerably reduced by the application of different filters. As a result of this work a ready-to-use diagnostic for laser accelerated protons and ions is available
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Müller, Lukáš. "Analýza proteomu piva pomocí hmotnostní spektrometrie." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-216454.
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The aim of presented diploma thesis was to characterize recent knowledge in the field of beer proteomics. The main part of this work was focused on modern instrumental methods of protein analysis, especially on protein identification by mass spectrometry. In experimental part proteins from selected beer samples were isolated, purified and separated by 2-D electrophoresis. The identification was performed by MALDI MS/MS and LC-MS/MS. Identified proteins were divided into 6 groups - serpines and protein Z, trypsine/-amylase inhibitors, yeast proteins, LTP protein, hordeins and other proteins. Proteomic analysis provided identification of proteins important for final analytical and sensory characteristics of the beer - for final beer quality and taste
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Bureš, Michal. "Studium plazmových produktů pomocí hmotnostní spektrometrie." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-216225.
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Plasma polymer films of tetravinylsilane and mixture of tetravinylsilane and oxygen gas were deposited on silicon wafers. Oxygen gas was mixed in tetravinylsilane to improve the compatibility of thin films on glass substrates. Mass spectroscopy was employed during the cleaning of the deposition chamber to check residual gases and process gases, during plasma deposition to monitor neutral plasma species and to follow plasma stability.
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Ewinger, Hans-Peter [Verfasser]. "Analyse organischer Verbindungen mit Sekundaer-Neutralteilchen-Massen- Spektrometrie (SNMS) und Sekundaer-Ionen- Massen-Spektrometrie (SIMS) / Hans-Peter Ewinger." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 1992. http://d-nb.info/1141792451/34.
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Münch, Mathias. "Das Datenaufnahmesystem für das Elektronenpaar-Spektrometer HADES." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=965172058.
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Navrátilová, Romana. "Strukturní studium karboranů s využitím hmotnostní spektrometrie." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-216532.
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Boron cluster compounds are substances clearly synthetic, which don't exist outdoors. This group covers boranes, heteroboranes and their derivatives. They are synthesized and examined mostly for their extraordinary structural and bonding properties. Their study also brought many remarkable findings and even allowed practical use of these compounds in science and technology. This thesis is focused on the application of mass spectrometry for the identification of boranes and heteroboranes and on the study of their fragmentation mechanisms using tandem mass spectrometry on spherical ion trap.
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Průcha, Lukáš. "Hloubkové profilování metodou spektrometrie laserem buzeného mikroplazmatu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-241699.
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The diploma thesis deals with the use of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) for depth profiling and 3D mapping of the zinc-coated steel used in the automotive industry. Before creating depth maps and depth profiles, optimization of the experiment was performed. It was shown that the LIBS technique is suited for making depth profiles and depth maps. The theoretical part deals with the description of the LIBS instrumentation, characteristics of plasma, and assembling of scientific papers which reflect the up to date knowledge about depth profiling and mapping with the use of the LIBS technique. The experimental part describes the optimization of the experiment. Gate delay, the depth and the diameter of craters using the profilometer, the position of the focal plane relative to the sample surface, and selection of spectral lines with the smallest residual signal and small scattering of data were optimized. Depth profiles of zinc, iron, chromium and manganese with the depth map of zinc and iron were made, and also the depth resolution for both elements was calculated.
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Karlsson, Christian. "Identifiering av specifka sekvenstyper av Staphylococcus epidermidis med mass-spektrometri." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för läkarutbildning, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-42966.
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Malina, Jan. "Návrh kompaktního spektrometru s transmisní mřížkou a posuvným spektrálním rozsahem." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-432618.
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The aim of this diploma thesis is to design a compact spectrometer with a transmission grating and a shiftable spectral range for the method of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The work in the theoretical part contains a basic description of spectroscopy and spectroscopic methods of LIBS, spectrometer and its individual parts. The practical part describes the spectrometer design procedure, introduces selected components and comments on the reason for their selection. Selected components are assembled into the final form of a spectrometer, which is further tested with the help of a simulation program to confirm its functionality. The result of the work is a comprehensive overview of the individual components of the spectrometer, aspects of its construction together with instructions and advice on its assembly, along with an example in the form of a designed set of commonly available catalog components.
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Kuba, Pavel. "Zpracování a vizualizace dat z hmotnostního spektrometru typu TOF-MALDI." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230019.
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This thesis describes the development of control applications for the deposition machine and mass spectrometer. Thesis describes operation principles of both devices and their hardware specifications. Thesis also describes the design of developed applications. Functionality was tested on series of real measurements.
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Eberhard, Luc. "Raman-Spektrometer für die Gasanalyse bei beatmeten Patienten /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1998. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=12562.
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Weisshaar, Dirk Werner. "MINIBALL ein neuartiges Gamma-Spektrometer mit ortsauflösenden Germaniumdetektoren /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=967342147.
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Zimmermann, Edgar. "Aufbau und Betrieb eines zeitaufgelöst messenden CD-Spektrometers." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=96591190X.
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Mair, Stephan. "Entwicklung eines optischen Nahfeld-Spektrometers im Terahertz-Bereich." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB10604968.
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Mičánková, Helena. "Možnosti využití Ramanovy spektrometrie jednotkami Hasičského záchranného sboru." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-216683.
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Thesis is focused on the application of Raman’s spectometer Ahura First Defender in cooperation with Fire Department. Theoretical part describes principles and development of Raman spectrometry and possibilities of its application. Practical part focus on identification of unknow substances in case studies and interpretation of the results. Final part of thesis evaluates contribution of Raman spectrometry for fast indentification of unknow compounds for Fire Rescue Brigade in the Czech Republic.
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Racek, Stanislav. "Využití infračervené spektrometrie v rámci Hasičského záchranného sboru." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-216848.
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This diploma work is aimed at the use of infrared spectrometry by Fire Brigade Units of the Czech Republic. A new portable instrument True Defender FT produced by Ahura was used for this purpose. It was lent by the Institute of Citizens´Protection in Lázně Bohdaneč. The goal of this work is to get acquainted with this instrument and to evaluate its ability to identify unknown substances. Experimental part was aimed at the testing of this spectrometer with the help of model sample set, containing samples from real situations solved by members of Fire Brigade Units of the Czech Republic. Possibilities of mobile infrared spectometer True Defender FT and mobile Raman spectometer First Defender are finally compared.
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Charuza, Martin. "Mikrostanovení kobaltu metodami molekulové a atomové absorpční spektrometrie." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-216891.
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This diploma thesis is focused on microdetermination of cobalt by UV-VIS spectrophotometry with organic agents and comparison with atomic absorption spectrometry. In the first part properties, occurance and importance of cobalt in the environment are desribed, complete with as a part of vitamine B12. Attention is also given to cobalt compounds, especially in the oxidative states +II and +III. Methods of preconcentration and preparation cobalt determination in real samples are adduced. In this thesis are described some optical analytical methods with accept on spectrophotometric agents for determination of cobalt. The experimental part of this thesis icludes optimalization of the spectrophotometric determination of cobalt with choosen organic agents 4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcin and 2-(5-Brom-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol and optimalization of atomic absorption spectrometry for cobalt determination. All of real samples of water (surface, underground, mineral and waste) were measured by both 4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcin and 2-(5-Brom-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol via UV-VIS and via atomic absorption spectrometry. Results of determinations were compared. A sample of vitamine B12 was measured too by all techniques.
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Kratochvílová, Romana. "Stanovení pKa huminových kyselin pomocí UV/VIS spektrometrie." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-216903.
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The behaviour of humic acids in aqueous solutions is closely connected to the content of acid functional groups and their dissociation abilities. The titration methods are the most often used for the research of acid-base characteristics of humic acids, their results should lead to the determination of the content of functional groups and their pKa. However the determined values depend on many factors including the titration speed. The spectrophotometric determination of dissociation constant was used in this diploma thesis. Reliability of this method was confirmed in bachelor thesis where is mentioned that spectrophotometric determination of pKa corresponds with realistic dissociation behaviour of humic acids in the water much more better than values obtained from titration methods. The principle of newly used spectrophotometry method is the preparation of humic acids solutions in three different media with different pH values. Acid groups of humic acids are practically completely dissociated in intensely basic environment and the measured absorbance is caused by anion of „humate“. On the contrary their dissociation in acid environment is suppressed so much that we measure the absorbance of non-dissociated molecules of humic acids. Deionized water was used like neutral solvent. Water was replaced by acetic buffer in this thesis because of water’s properties which have significant influence on solutions' pH. Buffer was used for diluting or for solubilisation and in these both cases more stable pH values were occurred. The aim of this diploma thesis is investigate UV/VIS spectra of various solutions of humic acids with different values of pH and determinate mean value of pKa of humic acids which could be used like comparison of dissociation behaviours for vary samples. Values of acid dissociation constant were determined from measured dates and compared with values obtained by titration method. The UV/VIS spectra gained in combination with the results of pH measuring and the conductivity next showed the differences in the behaviour of differently prepared samples of humic acids.
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Beck, Harald A. "Anwendung der photoakustischen Spektroskopie in der Prozess- und Umweltanalytik." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=968917682.
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Niese, Siegfried. "Messung geringer Radioaktivitäten in Untertagelaboratorien mit Hilfe mehrdimensionaler Spektrometrie." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-93726.
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In dem Bericht werden Strahlungsquelle aufgeführt, die den Untergrund bei der Messung geringer Radioaktivitäten verursachen und dargestellt wie zur Unterdrückung der kosmischen Strahlung Laboratorien untertägig eingerichtet werden und wie durch Koinzidenz und Antikoinzidenzverfahren der verbleibende Untergrund weiter reduziert werden kannThe radiation sources are described, which causes the background at the measurement of low radioactivities. To reduce the influence of cosmic rays counting devises are installed in underground laboratories. The remaining background may be further reduced by coincidence and anti-coincidence methods
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Schlöder, Frank. "Entwicklung eines Laser-Seitenband-Spektrometers für extrem breitbandige Frequenzanalyse." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=984853162.
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Brügmann, Oliver. "Aufbau eines cw-, Puls-EPR-Spektrometers bei 180 GHz." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=969668880.
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Niese, Siegfried. "Messung geringer Radioaktivitäten in Untertagelaboratorien mit Hilfe mehrdimensionaler Spektrometrie." Verein für Kernverfahrenstechnik und Analytik e.V, 2008. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A2473.
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In dem Bericht werden Strahlungsquelle aufgeführt, die den Untergrund bei der Messung geringer Radioaktivitäten verursachen und dargestellt wie zur Unterdrückung der kosmischen Strahlung Laboratorien untertägig eingerichtet werden und wie durch Koinzidenz und Antikoinzidenzverfahren der verbleibende Untergrund weiter reduziert werden kann.The radiation sources are described, which causes the background at the measurement of low radioactivities. To reduce the influence of cosmic rays counting devises are installed in underground laboratories. The remaining background may be further reduced by coincidence and anti-coincidence methods.
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Jedličková, Lenka. "Charakterizace sladkých proteinů thaumatinů kapalinovou chromatografií a hmotnostní spektrometrií." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-216209.
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Műnsterová, Zuzana. "Detekce zbytkové vlhkosti pórovitého prostředí metodou elektrické impedanční spektrometrie." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240108.
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Diploma thesis examines detection of residual moisture of porous media of using the measuring apparatus based on the application of the method of electrical impedance spectrometry (EIS). The devices Z-meter of third and fourth generation, were used for measurement, which were designed in projects international applied research. Experiment was executed in Laboratory of Water Management Research, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Brno University of Technology.
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Košek, Filip. "Využití přenosných Ramanovských spektrometrů pro detekci sulfátů: potenciální aplikace v exobiologii." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-341330.
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The detection of mineral phases under in situ conditions has become a primary but sometimes also challenging task in many fields of geoscience. Raman spectroscopy has been used as a powerful tool for the identification of various minerals and organic compounds. The advantages and the relative simplicity made this method a promising choice in the future planetary exploration missions to Mars. The deposits of aqueous minerals including sulfates have been found on the Martian surface. With the development of miniaturized handheld spectrometers there is a need for evaluation of Raman spectroscopy as a method of identification of sulfate phases in their natural conditions. In the first part of this work a handheld spectrometer equipped with 532 nm excitation laser was tested under laboratory conditions during which the ability to distinguish mineral samples representing sulfates of different chemical composition and different degree of hydration was investigated. In the second part, two handheld Raman spectrometers equipped with 532 and 785 nm excitation lasers were used for the characterization of sulfate phases on sites of their natural occurrence located in the Czech Republic. The quality of the Raman spectra acquired under outdoor conditions by both spectrometers was rather average but sufficient to...
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Król, Aleksander. "Zastosowanie unipolarnego filtru mas do kontroli ciśnień cząstkowych gazów o zbliżonych masach cząsteczkowych w bardzo wysokiej próżni." Rozprawa doktorska, 1999. https://repolis.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=4623.
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Król, Aleksander. "Zastosowanie unipolarnego filtru mas do kontroli ciśnień cząstkowych gazów o zbliżonych masach cząsteczkowych w bardzo wysokiej próżni." Rozprawa doktorska, 1999. https://delibra.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=4623.
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Štádlerová, Barbora. "Optimalizace podmínek atomizace hydridů bismutu, olova a cínu pro účely vývoje atomizátorů hydridů." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-380366.
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This Master thesis is a part of a project: Hydride atomizers for atomic absorption and atomic fluorescence spectrometry - new horizons (GA ČR, P206/17-04329S, principal investigator: prof. RNDr. Jiří Dědina, CSc. DSc.) of which the general target is to make a leap towards the ideal hydride atomizer by optimization of atomization based on the knowledge of the distribution of free atoms and hydrogen radicals inside the atomizers. This thesis contributes to the project by optimizing the atomization parameters for atomic absorption spectrometry with hydride generation. The atomization parameters were optimized for three different types of atomizers - multiatomizer, diffusion flame and "flame-in-gas-shield" atomizer using three different analytes - bismuth, lead and tin. Optimal atomization parameters were found for each of the atomizer and each of the analyte - carrier gas flow and flow of other gases if needed for the analysis. Calibration curves and analytical figures of merit such as sensitivity, LOD and LOQ were estimated. Final comparison is based on the data obtained from calibration curves. MDF and FIGS atomizers are mostly used with AFS detection and they provide lower sensitivity and higher detection limits with AAS detection in comparison with MMQTA. Since the analytes are known to trap...
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Minaříková, Laura. "Identifikace drahých kamenů pomocí přenosných Ramanovských spektrometrů: výhody a omezení měření in situ." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-353852.
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This thesis investigates the potential and limits of portable Raman spectrometers for their application in situ in the environment of museum collections. The data sets were obtained at the two locations. The first measurement took place in the Jewish Museum in Prague. Here we have studied stones from a silver Torah shield from the first half of the nineteen century. This shield is decorated with a set of precious and semi-precious stones and glass imitations. The shield originates from Poland and has been studied using two portable Raman spectrometers (785 nm and 532 and excitations). The second measurement took place in the premises of the Prague Loreto where we had available, at that time still unshown, objects of art for the forthcoming new exhibition. It was about jewelry like earrings, rings, bracelets and brooches, also about ordinary objects of daily use like mirrors, bowls and perfume bottles, or about the objects with religious themes, mostly crowns for the Virgin Mary and baby jesus. The obtained Raman bands correspond well with the reference values of the minerals, the deviation ranged in the order of +/- 3 cm-1 , which in general permits unambiguous identification of phases. Portable handheld Raman spectrometers working with a laser wavelength of 785 nm and 532 nm were able to quickly...
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Kdýr, Šimon. "Určení strukturního stavu uhlíkaté hmoty metasedimentárních hornin pomocí Ramanovy spektrometrie." Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-368995.
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Metamorphic processes can transform the organic matter in sedimentary rocks into structurally organized carbonaceous matter, in ideal conditions to graphite. In the centre of West Alpine arch, the metasedimentary rocks are rich in dispersed carbonaceous matter and were used in this thesis to specify the thermal range of metamorphism based on the structural state. Previous studies have used mainly the Raman spectrometers to determine the structural state of carbonaceous matter. Unfortunately this method doesn't allow in-situ analyses which, in addition to Earth studies, can be essential for studying other planetary bodies and moons of our solar system. As only the smallest and lightest instruments are required for analyses during potential planetary missions to Mars, it is important to verify that the small instruments are able to detect even the small concentrations of carbonaceous matter. Currently available miniature and portable Raman spectrometers have started to become more precise but are still not as precise as laboratory Raman microspectrometers. This thesis is divided into two parts. First part aims to duplicate the results from previous studies by Raman microspectrometers in the West Alpine arch. Furthermore, the excitation laser wave length dependence of spectral signs in carbonaceous...
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Košek, Filip. "Aplikace Ramanovy spektrometrie pro detekci sulfátů hořících uhelných hald." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-388851.
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This Ph.D. thesis was focused on the application of Raman spectroscopy as the main analytical method for the characterization of neo-formed minerals, notably sulfates, from burning coal waste dumps. This environment associated with subsurface fires gives rise to a variety of uncommon and rare minerals. The specific features of these minerals (metastability, hygroscopy, mixed aggregates) causes that the mineralogical investigation is a challenging task using traditional laboratory-based techniques. Advantages such as the non-destructive nature, the sensitivity to the changes in the hydration degree of sulfates, little or none pretreatment, and the option of measurements directly in the field were the main reasons for applying this spectroscopy method. The scarce availability of spectroscopic data of most gas-vent minerals can be considered as the disadvantage. Therefore, artificial prepared samples of six anhydrous sulfates, which are rarely found in nature, were analyzed by Raman laboratory spectroscopy and a miniature a Raman spectrometer, and specific Raman features as well the differences with hydrated counterparts are shown. Laboratory investigation of two natural hydrated aluminum sulfates, alunogen and khademite, were carried out using Raman spectroscopy and other methods in order to obtain...
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Smolira, Marcin. "System komputerowy wspomagający automatyzację i dobór parametrów pomiarowych spektrometru mas." Rozprawa doktorska, 2005. https://repolis.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=5388.
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