Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Speech pathology'
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1
Williams, A. Lynn. "Tests and Measurements in Speech-Language Pathology." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2001. https://www.amzn.com/0750670037.
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Book Summary: This clinical reference provides an in-depth look at the tests and measurements used by speech-language pathologists for patient assessment. Rather than being merely a compendium of common tests, this text includes the theoretical framework behind each type of assessment as well as procedural and referential information. Topics covered include differential diagnosis of communication disorders, scoring conventions of different test instruments, and language assessment instruments for both children and adults.
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Smith, Helen Barbara, and helen smith4@health sa gov au. "Learning professional ethical practice: The speech pathology experience." Flinders University. Medicine-Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, 2007. http://catalogue.flinders.edu.au./local/adt/public/adt-SFU20091110.081021.
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ABSTRACT
An ethics curriculum is an integral part of most health profession courses. This thesis will explore using a qualitative approach to investigate the learning and application of professional ethical practice by Flinders University speech pathology students. This work will identify factors that may influence students readiness to learn about ethics. The knowledge, skills and attitudes that underpin professional ethical practice which speech pathology students were able to demonstrate at the conclusion of their entry level course will be illustrated. Also described will be the factors, identified by students and academics and field educators, which may influence student learning of this complex area of practice.
To explore this topic, the results of The Defining Issues Test (Rest, 1979b) of moral judgement development, independent and scaffolded case studies, as well as group and individual interviews with students, and individual interviews with academic and field educators have been used.
Results from this study suggest that a significant number of the undergraduate speech pathology students involved in this study found learning and applying ethical principles difficult, as their ability to reason morally remained conventional and rule bound. At the point of graduation, the students applied clinical and ethical reasoning skills, whilst emerging, were not yet well developed. The ability of students to demonstrate the integration of ethical theory and practice appeared limited. This lack of integration may be influenced by the fact that few field educators could report being exposed to formal ethical theories and ethical reasoning approaches during their own undergraduate education. Some of the more generic ethical practice skills reported by academics as being embedded throughout the speech pathology course, such as communication, team work and the seeking of professional support, were more clearly demonstrated by students.
Results of this study suggest that exiting students and newly graduated speech pathologists require ongoing support in the area of professional ethical practice. More explicit embedding of the theoretical underpinnings of the ethics knowledge base throughout the curriculum may be required. To be able to support the integration of professional ethical practice in students and new graduates, speech pathologists currently practising in the field who did not receive formal ethics education during their own degree or since, may require ongoing professional development in the formal knowledge base pertaining to professional ethical practice.
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Sokkar, Carl. "Student Placements in Speech Language Pathology Private Practice." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/21149.
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Student placements have become increasingly difficult to obtain yet private practice continues to be under-utilised for placements. Using case study methodology across five private practices, this study aimed to explore the impact of student placements in SLP private practice from multiple perspectives. Private practitioner perspective was explored to investigate the benefits and challenges in facilitating student placements, the strategies used to manage challenges, and the impact of placements on client services and practice income. Content analysis identified: the benefits to clients, practitioners, practices and students and, more broadly, to the profession; challenges as perceived by private practitioners; and strategies that were used to successfully facilitate placements. Client satisfaction in receiving student-delivered services in SLP private practice was captured. Clients completed surveys that explored their levels of satisfaction with receiving student-delivered services and the aspects of the services with which they were satisfied or dissatisfied. Thematic analysis of data from open-ended questions revealed themes and subthemes that contribute to our understanding of the aspects of student-delivered services with which clients were satisfied. Student satisfaction with having a placement in SLP private practice was also explored. Students completed surveys indicating their level of satisfaction, the aspects of the placement with which they were satisfied or dissatisfied, and their perception of the placement’s effectiveness. The findings from the three perspectives explored in this research indicate that student placements are possible in SLP private practice, and that they have a positive impact from the perspectives of clients, students and private practitioners. Further research is required to capture the specific aspects and frameworks of the successful models used in private practice.
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Sheepway, Lyndal. "Influences on Competency Development in Speech Pathology Students." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/11449.
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Due to shortages of clinical education experiences for allied health students, there is a risk that curriculum decisions are made based on availability of experiences rather than evidence regarding competency development. This research was situated in the speech pathology profession in Australia. The aims were to establish current clinical education practices internationally and the drivers behind these practices, explore growth of competency in a cohort of students, and compare impacts of features of clinical placements on students’ competency growth. This was achieved through three related studies. University personnel from speech pathology programs in seven countries were surveyed regarding the clinical placement and supervisory models used and drivers for choice of these models. The COMPASS® competency assessment tool was used to compare competency development of third year speech pathology students in placements which differed by caseload, intensity and setting. Competency development across the final two years of an undergraduate program was also investigated. Traditional placement and supervisory models are most commonly used, with some correlations between frequency of use and opinions of effectiveness. Drivers for choice of models included availability of placements, clinical educator factors such as training and availability and standards of professional associations. Results indicate that competency follows a developmental continuum suggesting that learning and competency transfer between placements. Students in placements with a paediatric caseload had greater growth of competency than those with adult caseloads. There were no differences in competency growth between groups of students who completed different intensities of placements or settings. The sequences of placements experienced did not have a significant effect on competency over a longer term.
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MUZIO, DIANE. "Clinical Supervision of Externs in Speech-Language Pathology." OpenSIUC, 2017. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1467.
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The focus of this qualitative study was to investigate clinical supervisors’ perceptions about the externship experience in speech-language pathology. This study was designed to investigate the range of supervisors’ preparedness to mentor the extern student, self-perceptions of the role of the externship supervisor, and opinions regarding a possible professional credential. Data was collected from a focus group and individual interviews. All participants were SLPs who supervised a minimum of two graduate student externs from the same large Midwestern university. The results indicated that externship supervisors felt unprepared for their early supervision experiences, vary in their practices of developing and systematizing pre-professional externship experiences, and that a professional credential in supervision would likely contribute to the standardization of graduate students’ training in speech-language pathology.
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Leon, Michelle. "Investigation of Bilingualism Knowledge of Speech-Language Pathologists and Speech-Language Pathology Students." FIU Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2177.
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The purpose of this thesis was to administer a survey to obtain information on practicing Speech-Language Pathologists’ (SLPs) knowledge of bilingual issues, while also considering whether any academic background on bilingualism guides SLP’s diagnostic and treatment options. This was done by comparing survey results of practicing SLPs with different academic backgrounds on bilingualism with current Master’s students registered at the Communication Sciences and Disorders Masters’ program at Florida International University (FIU). The survey consisted of 26 questions that examined participant’s history, and bilingual knowledge.
Data was collected from 89 surveys. Data analyses showed that students and SLPs with a strong educational background on bilingualism had a tendency to prefer answers that correspond to recent research findings on bilingualism than students and SLPs with no or little educational background on bilingualism. These results suggest that academic background on bilingualism guides assessment interpretations and treatment options of bilingual clients.
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McAllister, Sue. "Competency based assessment of speech pathology students' performance in the workplace." Connect to full text, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1130.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2006.Title from title screen (viewed May 1, 2007). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the School of Communication Sciences and Disorders. Includes bibliographical references. Also issued in print.
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Watts, Pappas N., Sharynne McLeod, Elizabeth Crais, L. Girolametto, E. Weitzman, A. Packman, M. Langevin, A. Eriks-Brophy, B. Mathisen, and A. Lynn Williams. "Working with Families in Speech-language Pathology for Children." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2008. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2074.
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Cleator, Hilary M. "Speech and language characteristics of selectively mute children a speech pathology perspective H.M. Cleator." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/3926.
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Hancock, Jennifer J. "Impact of speech-language pathology students on patient care." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq21169.pdf.
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Gurley, Janet Michelle. "Supervisory Feedback in Speech-Language Pathology: Preferences and Practices." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2000. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-0404100-124033/unrestricted/5-1GURLEY.pdf.
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Scoble, Joselynne. "Stuttering blocks the flow of speech and gesture : the speech-gesture relationship in chronic stutterers." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69730.
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This thesis investigated the speech-gesture relationship of chronic adult stutterers in comparison to fluent controls based on previous work by McNeill (1979, 1986). Significant differences were found in the speech and gesture characteristics of the narratives of stutterers as compared to fluent controls on a cartoon retelling task. Stutterers produced fewer cartoon details in their speech and fewer meanings per gesture. As well, stutterers were unable to begin a representational gesture at the same moment as a stuttered disfluency resulting in the freezing of gestures or maintaining the hand at rest. A second experiment showed that stutterers were able to maintain and initiate non-communicative hand movements at the same moment as stuttering. Gesture did not replace speech during moments of stuttering even though manual movement during stuttering was possible. The results demonstrate the strength of the speech-gesture relationship and show that stuttering affects both modalities of expression.
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Payne, Nicole, and Saravanan Elangovan. "Musical Training Influences Temporal Processing of Speech and Non-Speech Contrasts." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1565.
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Williams, A. Lynn, Sharynne McLeod, and R. J. McCauley. "Direct Speech Production Interventions." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://www.amzn.com/1598570188/.
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Book Summary: With detailed discussion and invaluable video footage of 23 treatment interventions for speech sound disorders (SSDs) in children, this textbook and DVD set should be part of every speech-language pathologist's professional preparation. Focusing on children with functional or motor-based speech disorders from early childhood through the early elementary period, this textbook gives preservice SLPs critical analyses of a complete spectrum of evidence-based phonological and articulatory interventions.
This textbook fully prepares SLPs for practice with a vivid inside look at intervention techniques in action through high-quality DVD clips large and varied collection of intervention approaches with widespread use across ages, severity levels, and populations proven interventions in three categories: direct speech production, broader contexts such as perceptual intervention, and speech movements clear explanations of the evidence behind the approaches so SLPs can evaluate them accurately contributions by well-known experts in SSDs from across the US, Canada, Australia, and the UK
An essential core text for pre-service SLPs—and an important professional resource for practicing SLPs, early interventionists, and special educators—this book will help readers make the best intervention decisions for children with speech sound disorders.
Evidence-based intervention approaches—demonstrated in DVD clips—such as: minimal pairs perceptual intervention core vocabulary stimulability treatment intervention for developmental dysarthria the psycholinguistic approach
Interventions for Speech Sound Disorders in Children is a part of the Communication and Language Intervention Series
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Guntupalli, Vijaya K., (Guntupalli) Chaya D. Nanjundeswaran, Vikram N. Dayalu, and Joseph Kalinowski. "Autonomic and Emotional Responses of Graduate Student Clinicians in Speech–Language Pathology to Stuttered Speech." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1764.
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Background: Fluent speakers and people who stutter manifest alterations in autonomic and emotional responses as they view stuttered relative to fluent speech samples. These reactions are indicative of an aroused autonomic state and are hypothesized to be triggered by the abrupt breakdown in fluency exemplified in stuttered speech. Furthermore, these reactions are assumed to be the basis for the stereotypes held by different communicative partners towards people who stutter.
Aims: To examine the autonomic and emotional reactions of graduate student clinicians in speech–language pathology as they viewed fluent and severe stuttered speech samples.
Methods & Procedures: Twenty-one female graduate student clinicians in speech–language pathology participated in this study. Each participant viewed four 30-s video samples (two fluent and two stuttered speech samples) while their autonomic responses (skin conductance response (SCR) and heart rate (HR)) were concurrently captured. Furthermore, emotional responses to stuttered and fluent speech samples were captured using the self-assessment manikin (SAM) and a rating scale with nine bipolar adjectives reflecting one's feelings.
Outcomes & Results: An increase in SCR and deceleration in HR was observed as graduate clinicians viewed stuttered speech samples versus fluent speech samples and the differences were statistically significant. In addition, results from the self-rating scales showed that participants had negative feelings (e.g., emotionally aroused, unpleasant, embarrassed, uncomfortable, etc.) while viewing stuttered speech.
Conclusions & Implications: Findings suggest that graduate student clinicians in speech–language pathology demonstrated altered autonomic and emotional responses similar to those manifested by fluent and stuttered speakers as they viewed stuttered speech samples. Collectively, these findings support the contention that the inherent nature of stuttered speech triggers a visceral reaction in a listener, irrespective of their background and knowledge about the disorder.
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Payne, N., Saravanan Elangovan, and Jacek Smurzynski. "Auditory Temporal Processing of Speech and Non-speech Contrasts in Specialized Listeners." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2216.
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Proctor-Williams, Kerry. "We’re Talking Now." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1838.
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Reece, Benjamin K. "Facilitating collaborative supervision in a university speech-language pathology clinic." Scholarly Commons, 2020. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/3667.
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Clinical education is a key element of graduate school training in the field of speech-language pathology. Graduate students are required to obtain 375 supervised clinical practice hours in order to earn their provisional license and begin their career. Supervision of clinical hours is most often provided by experienced speech-language pathologists with minimal, if any, training in effective supervision practices.
Within the field of speech-language pathology, Anderson’s Continuum of Supervision (Anderson, 1988) is the most widely accepted model and provides a structure and sequence for supervisors to follow in order to facilitate the clinical development of their student clinician. Anderson’s model suggests that the collaborative supervision style should be used to transition student clinicians from directive supervision (where they are reliant on the supervisor for direction) to self-supervision, which represents independence. Despite this, and because of a lack of evidenced-based methods and a lack of training opportunities, many supervisors have difficulty implementing the collaborative supervision style. This study examines the effectiveness of an external tool, the Clinician’s Hierarchy for Advancing Treatment (CHAT) (Duthie, 2008), in helping supervisors to implement the collaborative supervision style.
This is an exploratory quantitative, quasi-experimental non-equivalent groups study. Students and supervisors were surveyed about their perceptions of the supervisory process following their participation in a semester-long clinical practicum in a university speech-language pathology clinic. Prior to working with a second cohort of students, the supervisor group was trained on the CHAT. This method features a chart which objectively defines levels of client performance and corresponding levels of clinical supports needed for the client to advance in treatment. Supervisors were trained to use this tool to guide student clinicians in the clinical decision-making processes. Implementation of the CHAT occurred across the following semester in the same university clinic with a new group of student clinicians. Supervisors and students were again surveyed at the end of the semester on their experience of the supervisory process to determine if the perception of collaborative supervision had increased with the implementation of the CHAT.
The Supervisory Relationship Measure (Pearce et al., 2013) and the Supervisory Relationship Questionnaire (Palomo et al., 2010) were used to survey the student clinicians and supervisors, respectively. Independent-samples, one-tailed t-tests were conducted to determine if there was a significant increase in the perception of collaborative supervision. These analyses were conducted using the Safe Base Subscale score from the surveys, of which items focus on the interactions and relationship between the supervisor and the student clinician as they relate to collaboration. Analysis resulted in insufficient evidence to suggest an increase in the perception of collaborative supervision from the first semester (without CHAT) to the second semester when CHAT was implemented. Additional analyses were also conducted on items that were considered particularly salient to collaborative supervision. Results of item-level analyses were marginally significant for two items from the supervisor surveys, both of which queried the supervisor’s perception of the student’s level of openness and honesty in supervisory conferences.
These findings suggest that using an external tool such as the CHAT, may result in student clinicians being more open and honest about their experience of the clinical process in the supervisory conference. It is argued that the objectivity of the external tool prompts more objective conversation between the supervisor and student clinician. The increase in objective conversation, in turn, decreases the judgment and evaluation that students often associate with supervision, thereby creating a safer environment in which to voice their honest reflections.
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McLeod, Sharynne, R. J. McCauley, and A. Lynn Williams. "Speech Interventions in Broader Contexts." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://www.amzn.com/1598570188/.
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Book Summary: With detailed discussion and invaluable video footage of 23 treatment interventions for speech sound disorders (SSDs) in children, this textbook and DVD set should be part of every speech-language pathologist's professional preparation. Focusing on children with functional or motor-based speech disorders from early childhood through the early elementary period, this textbook gives preservice SLPs critical analyses of a complete spectrum of evidence-based phonological and articulatory interventions.
This textbook fully prepares SLPs for practice with a vivid inside look at intervention techniques in action through high-quality DVD clips large and varied collection of intervention approaches with widespread use across ages, severity levels, and populations proven interventions in three categories: direct speech production, broader contexts such as perceptual intervention, and speech movements clear explanations of the evidence behind the approaches so SLPs can evaluate them accurately contributions by well-known experts in SSDs from across the US, Canada, Australia, and the UK
An essential core text for pre-service SLPs—and an important professional resource for practicing SLPs, early interventionists, and special educators—this book will help readers make the best intervention decisions for children with speech sound disorders.
Evidence-based intervention approaches—demonstrated in DVD clips—such as: minimal pairs perceptual intervention core vocabulary stimulability treatment intervention for developmental dysarthria the psycholinguistic approach
Interventions for Speech Sound Disorders in Children is a part of the Communication and Language Intervention Series
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McCauley, R. J., A. Lynn Williams, and Sharynne McLeod. "Interventions For Achieving Speech Movements." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://www.amzn.com/1598570188/.
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Book Summary: With detailed discussion and invaluable video footage of 23 treatment interventions for speech sound disorders (SSDs) in children, this textbook and DVD set should be part of every speech-language pathologist's professional preparation. Focusing on children with functional or motor-based speech disorders from early childhood through the early elementary period, this textbook gives preservice SLPs critical analyses of a complete spectrum of evidence-based phonological and articulatory interventions.
This textbook fully prepares SLPs for practice with a vivid inside look at intervention techniques in action through high-quality DVD clips large and varied collection of intervention approaches with widespread use across ages, severity levels, and populations proven interventions in three categories: direct speech production, broader contexts such as perceptual intervention, and speech movements clear explanations of the evidence behind the approaches so SLPs can evaluate them accurately contributions by well-known experts in SSDs from across the US, Canada, Australia, and the UK
An essential core text for pre-service SLPs—and an important professional resource for practicing SLPs, early interventionists, and special educators—this book will help readers make the best intervention decisions for children with speech sound disorders.
Evidence-based intervention approaches—demonstrated in DVD clips—such as: minimal pairs perceptual intervention core vocabulary stimulability treatment intervention for developmental dysarthria the psycholinguistic approach
Interventions for Speech Sound Disorders in Children is a part of the Communication and Language Intervention Series
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Bohnenkamp, Todd Allen. "Speech breathing in tracheoesophageal speakers." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3232563.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Speech and Hearing Sciences, 2006."Title from dissertation home page (viewed July 11, 2007)." Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-08, Section: B, page: 4385. Adviser: Karen Forrest.
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Scherer, Nancy J., A. Lynn Williams, Carol Stoel-Gammon, and Ann Kaiser. "Assessment of Single-Word Production for Children under Three Years of Age: Comparison of Children with and without Cleft Palate." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1998.
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Background. This study reports comparative phonological assessment results for children with cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) to typically developing peers using an evaluation tool for early phonological skills. Methods. Children without clefts (NC = noncleft) and 24 children with CLP, ages of 18–36 months, were evaluated using the Profile of Early Expressive Phonological Skills (PEEPSs) [1]. Children interacted with toy manipulatives to elicit a representative sample of target English consonants and syllable structures that are typically acquired by children between 18 and 27 months of age. Results. Results revealed significant differences between the two groups with regard to measures of consonant inventory, place of articulation, manner of production, accuracy, and error patterns. Syllable structure did not indicate differences, with the exception of initial consonant clusters. Conclusions. findings provide support for PEEPS as a viable option for single-word assessment of children with CLP prior to 3 years of age.
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Williams, A. Lynn. "Prologue: Perspectives in the Assessment of Children's Speech." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2002. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2005.
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The pragmatic challenge posed by the forum of completing an assessment within a 60 to 90 minute time limit challenges us to think about the theoretical perspectives that underlie our evaluation procedures. Hopefully, it will lead us to question some of our procedures in light of new theories and clinical advances and to develop stronger rationales for and greater understanding of "tried and true" procedures.
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Farquharson, Kelly, A. Lynn Williams, Ann Tyler, and Elise Baker. "Incorporating Science into Practice for Treatment of Speech Sound Disorders." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2044.
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This session is developed by, and presenters invited by Speech Sound Disorders in Children. Using an evidence-based practice framework, this short course will examine clinical decisions suited to children with speech sound disorder. Evidence-based recommendations and case-based assessment data will guide analysis, target selection, goal writing, intervention, and service delivery options. Strategies for translating evidence into practice will be considered. Audience participation is encouraged.
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Harvell, Charlotte, Lindsey Moore, de Simoni Simone Nicolini, Riley Schreder, Mariana Meyer, Marieli Barichello Gubiani, Caroline Rodrigues Portalete, A. Lynn Williams, and Marcia Keske-Soares. "Understanding Children’s Experience of Speech Disorders Through Drawings and Interviews." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2045.
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The ICF-CY framework from the WHO provides a holistic perspective in considering the impact of a SSD on children. Child interviews and drawings will be examined from children in the U.S. and Brazil to determine if there are cultural differences related to the experience of a SSD.
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Williams, A. Lynn. "Epilogue: Perspectives in the Assessment of Children's Speech." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2002. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2004.
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Mortimer, Jennifer Karen. "Effects of speech perception, vocabulary, and articulation skills on morphology and syntax in children with speech sound disorders." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=18719.
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Although it has been shown that some children with Speech Sound Disorders (SSD) have difficulties in the area of productive morphosyntax, there has been little investigation into the possible source of these problems. Such research may nevertheless shed some light on theoretical questions of morphosyntactic abilities in children with atypical speech and/or language development, as well as suggest avenues for remediation of language weaknesses. The current study examined possible effects of speech perception, vocabulary, and articulation skills on concurrent syntax and longitudinal morphology in a group of seventy-nine children with SSD. Structural Equation Modelling techniques were used to model the relationships among the variables. The rationales for the models were drawn from the literature on children with SSD and also from studies of children with Specific Language Impairment (SLI). The latter were paid particular attention, as some children with SSD may also have SLI, and as morphosyntactic skills in individuals with SLI have been rigorously investigated. It was found that, of the three models examined, an articulation model, in which links were posited from articulation to syntax and from articulation to morphology, demonstrated good fit. Although some of the limitations in morphology and syntax seen in these children could be accounted for in terms of frank articulation errors, other explanations for the association between articulation and morphosyntax were also considered. One possibility was that speech motor skills and morphosyntax were dependent on similar neural substrates that may have been impaired in some of the participants investigated. A second possibility was that, given a finite set of resources devoted to language production, laboured articulation in the children with SSD bled resources from other areas of speech/language processing, and from expressive morphosyntax in particular. Further research, especially studies examining posBien qu'il ait été montré que certains enfants présentant des troubles phonologiques ont aussi des difficultés dans le domaine de la morphosyntaxe productive, peu d'enquêtes ont été faites pour trouver les sources possibles de ces problèmes. Cependant, de telles recherches pourraient éclairer les questions théoriques des habiletés morphosyntaxiques chez les enfants ayant un développement atypique de la parole et/ou du langage, et pourraient aussi suggérer des approches pour remédier aux faiblesses de la langue. La présente étude a examiné les effets possibles des habilités de perception de la parole, du vocabulaire, et de l'articulation sur la syntaxe concurrente et la morphologie longitudinale dans un groupe de soixante-dix-neuf enfants présentant des troubles phonologiques. Les techniques de modèles d'équations structurelles ont été utilisées pour modeler les liens entre les variables. Les exposés raisonnés ont été tirés de la littérature sur les enfants présentant des troubles phonologiques aussi bien que de recherches sur les enfants présentant un trouble primaire (dysphasie) du langage. Une attention toute particulière a été prêtée à ce dernier groupe puisque certains enfants présentant des troubles phonologiques peuvent aussi avoir un trouble primaire du langage et que les habiletés morphosyntaxiques chez les individus présentant un trouble primaire du langage ont été rigoureusement étudiées. On a constaté que, des trois modèles examinés, un modèle d'articulation dans lequel des liens ont été postulés de l'articulation à la syntaxe et de l'articulation à la morphologie se révélait particulièrement approprié. Quoique certaines des limitations en morphologie et syntaxe constatées chez ces enfants puissent provenir de simples erreurs d'articulation, d'autres explications pour le lien entre l'articulation et la morphosyntaxe ont été aussi considérées. Une possibilité serait que les habilet
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Gordon, Jean K. "Aphasic speech errors : spontaneous and elicited contexts." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36940.
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The goal of the current study was to investigate the retrieval of phonological word forms during the speech production of persons with aphasia, in order to inform models of the structure and function of the phonological lexicon. Using a naturalistic, connected speech task (picture description) and a more structured, single-word production task (picture naming) several characteristics of the target and its phonological 'neighbourhood' were examined, specifically: the target word's frequency of occurrence; the number of words which are phonologically similar to the target (neighbourhood density); and the average frequency of those 'neighbours' (neighbourhood frequency).To assess the influence of these factors on a target's susceptibility to error, the neighbourhood values of the words produced incorrectly in the picture description task were compared to those of a comparable corpus of correctly produced words from the same speech samples. In the naming task, target susceptibility was assessed by analyzing the error rates on individual stimulus items. The results of both tasks indicated that the lower a target's frequency of occurrence was, and the fewer neighbours it had, the more susceptible it was to error. To assess the impact of the neighbourhood on the outcome of the error, neighbourhood values of the errors produced were compared to those of their targets. In neither task were errors found to differ significantly from their targets in frequency or neighbourhood density.
These results contribute to the literature on lexical access primarily by extending findings of neighbourhood effects in normal speech production to the aphasic population. In doing so, the present study lends support to the basic tenets of the Neighborhood Activation Model (Luce & Pisoni, 1998), and to the notion of the continuity thesis, in which aphasic deficits are hypothesized to reflect quantitative, rather than qualitative, differences from normal processing. Results are also in agreement with previous studies illustrating that aphasic error outcomes are strongly constrained by a number of linguistic factors which also constrain normal error production. Results are interpreted as consistent with an interactive connectionist framework of speech production.
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McLeod, Sharynne, and Sarah Verdon. "Tutorial: Speech Assessment for Multilingual Children Who Do Not Speak the Same Language(s) as the Speech-Language Pathologist." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1994.
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Purpose The aim of this tutorial is to support speech-language pathologists (SLPs) undertaking assessments of multilingual children with suspected speech sound disorders, particularly children who speak languages that are not shared with their SLP.
Method The tutorial was written by the International Expert Panel on Multilingual Children's Speech, which comprises 46 researchers (SLPs, linguists, phoneticians, and speech scientists) who have worked in 43 countries and used 27 languages in professional practice. Seventeen panel members met for a 1-day workshop to identify key points for inclusion in the tutorial, 26 panel members contributed to writing this tutorial, and 34 members contributed to revising this tutorial online (some members contributed to more than 1 task).
Results This tutorial draws on international research evidence and professional expertise to provide a comprehensive overview of working with multilingual children with suspected speech sound disorders. This overview addresses referral, case history, assessment, analysis, diagnosis, and goal setting and the SLP's cultural competence and preparation for working with interpreters and multicultural support workers and dealing with organizational and government barriers to and facilitators of culturally competent practice.
Conclusion The issues raised in this tutorial are applied in a hypothetical case study of an English-speaking SLP's assessment of a multilingual Cantonese- and English-speaking 4-year-old boy. Resources are listed throughout the tutorial.
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Williams, A. Lynn. "Updates in Treating Speech Disorders in Children." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2007. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2021.
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Williams, A. Lynn. "Multiple Oppositions: Case Studies of Variables in Phonological Intervention." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2000. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2006.
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The multiple oppositions approach (Williams, 1992; 2000) was incorporated as the beginning point of intervention for 10 children who exhibited moderate-to-profound phonological impairments. Several variables that potentially affect phonological change were examined in a longitudinal case study of these children. Different models of intervention (multiple oppositions, minimal pairs, and naturalistic speech intelligibility training) were incorporated within different structures of treatment (vertical, horizontal, and cyclical) using a model of phonologic learning that was based on a developmental structuring of intervention. This nontraditional research paradigm is proposed as a possible bridge to link the science and practice of clinical research. Specifically, the clinical reality of providing intervention to children from their initial treatment to discharge provides a broader perspective of treatment efficacy while also serving as a foundation for future areas of more controlled investigations of specific variables.
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Sugden, Eleanor, Elise Baker, Natalie Munro, and A. Lynn Williams. "What’s the Evidence for Involving Parents in Intervention for Speech Sound Disorders?" Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2039.
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This systematic overview examines the evidence base for parent involvement in intervention for phonology-based speech sound disorders. Of the 175 identified papers, 61 reported including parents and/or home-based tasks in intervention. However, insufficient detail reported within these papers limits replication and implementation. The clinical and research implications are discussed.
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Proctor-Williams, Kerry. "Language and Literacy." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1813.
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Akin, Faith W. "Best Practice: Clinical Vestibular Assessment." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2441.
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Williams, A. Lynn, Sharynne McLeod, Rebecca J. McCauley, Steven F. Warren, and Marc E. Fey. "Interventions for Speech Sound Disorders in Children (CLI)." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://www.amzn.com/1598570188.
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With detailed discussion and invaluable video footage of 23 treatment interventions for speech sound disorders (SSDs) in children, this textbook and DVD set should be part of every speech-language pathologist's professional preparation. Focusing on children with functional or motor-based speech disorders from early childhood through the early elementary period, this textbook gives preservice SLPs critical analyses of a complete spectrum of evidence-based phonological and articulatory interventions.
This textbook fully prepares SLPs for practice with a vivid inside look at intervention techniques in action through high-quality DVD clips large and varied collection of intervention approaches with widespread use across ages, severity levels, and populations proven interventions in three categories: direct speech production, broader contexts such as perceptual intervention, and speech movements clear explanations of the evidence behind the approaches so SLPs can evaluate them accurately contributions by well-known experts in SSDs from across the US, Canada, Australia, and the UK
An essential core text for pre-service SLPs—and an important professional resource for practicing SLPs, early interventionists, and special educators—this book will help readers make the best intervention decisions for children with speech sound disorders.
Evidence-based intervention approaches—demonstrated in DVD clips—such as: minimal pairs perceptual intervention core vocabulary stimulability treatment intervention for developmental dysarthria the psycholinguistic approachhttps://dc.etsu.edu/etsu_books/1180/thumbnail.jpg
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Beaubrun, Carolyn F. "The phonological analysis of bilingual Creole/English children living in South Florida." FIU Digital Commons, 2004. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1470.
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The purpose of this study was to gather normative data regarding the phonological system of bilingual Creole-English children ages three and five and to compare performance to norms for English speaking children. The forty participants lived in Miami and represented low socio-economic groups.
Participants were assessed using the Goldman-Fristoe Test of Articulation-2 and a Haitian Creole Picture Naming Assessment. The results indicated that the percentage of correct phonemes in Creole (M=91.6) were not significantly different when compared to the correct production of the same phonemes in English (M=92.8). Further analysis revealed that the accuracy of all phonemes was higher for the five-year (M= 90.8) as compared to the three-year-olds (M= 85) in Creole. In English, the five-year-olds performed better than the three-year-olds participants.
These findings revealed patterns of phonological development in bilingual Creole/English Children similar to patterns reported in other bilingual children. This information is essential in the evaluation and treatment of this population.
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Brajot, François-Xavier. "The perception of speech intensity in Parkinson's disease." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=123154.
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Advances in Parkinson's disease research are uncovering a complex pathology that extends well beyond basal ganglia and dopamine-related structures, one that impacts sensory processing and sensorimotor integration as much as it does motor planning and execution, with implications for the functional consequences of the disorder. The current research project is motivated by evidence that perceptual, alongside classical motor deficits, may be ascribed to the clinical presentation of the hypokinetic dysarthria of Parkinson's disease. Three studies were conducted to assess the roles of auditory, somatosensory and sensorimotor integration processes involved in speakers' perception of the volume of their own speech. The combination of loudness magnitude estimation and masking of sensory feedback in the first two studies reveals differences in psychophysical loudness functions that suggest that speech loudness perception deficits in Parkinson's disease are the result of problems with the organization and integration of multi-sensory feedback due to inadequate motor planning. A third, electroencephalographic study supports this conclusion with evidence of atypical cortical event-related potentials among parkinsonian participants, indicating defective preparatory and corrective neural processes otherwise undetectable in the psychophysical experiments. Based on the findings from this series of experiments, the self-perception of speech intensity is attributed to motorically specified parameters of vocal effort. The interpretation of associated sensory feedback is determined by those parameters. The perceptual deficit associated with hypokinetic dysarthria is thus proposed to result directly from deficits in generating speech movements, with concomitant effects on the subsequent identification, organization and interpretation of reafferent information.Les progrès de la recherche sur la maladie de Parkinson dévoilent une pathologie complexe qui s'étend bien au-delà des ganglions de la base et autres structures dopaminergiques, impacte les processus sensoriels et l'intégration sensorimotrice autant que la planification et l'exécution motrice, avec des implications pour les conséquences fonctionnelles de la maladie. Le projet de recherche actuel est motivé par l'observation que certains troubles perceptuels, parallèles aux troubles moteurs classiques, font partie de la présentation clinique de la dysarthrie hypokinétique de la maladie de Parkinson. Trois études ont été entreprises afin d'évaluer les rôles des processus auditifs, somatosensoriels, et d'intégration sensorimotrice impliqués dans l'auto-perception du volume de la voix. Les analyses d'estimation d'ampleur vocalique et de masquage de la rétroaction sensorielle des deux premières études révèlent des différences dans les fonctions psychophysiques du volume. Les résultats suggèrent que les déficits de la perception parkinsonienne sont une conséquence des problèmes d'organisation et d'intégration de la rétroaction multisensorielle reliée au mouvement. La troisième étude, électro-encéphalographique, renforce cette hypothèse en démontrant la présence de potentiels évoqués corticaux atypiques parmi les participants parkinsoniens qui sont associés à des déficiences dans les processus préparatoires et correctifs par ailleurs indétectables avec les expériences psychophysiques. D'après les résultats de cette série d'expériences, l'auto-perception du volume de la voix est attribuée à des paramètres d'effort vocal spécifiés au niveau moteur. L'interprétation de toute rétroaction sensorielle associée se détermine selon ces paramètres. Le déficit perceptuel lié à la dysarthrie hypokinétique peut ainsi être interprété comme l'effet direct de déficiences dans la génération des mouvements de la parole, agissant par la suite sur l'identification, l'organisation et l'interprétation subséquente des informations ré-afférentes.
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Render, M., J. Smith, L. Perrine, S. Kirk, and Kerry Proctor-Williams. "Phrase Analysis of Preschooler Narratives: A Pilot Study." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2006. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1850.
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Taylor, Jessica Nicole. "Judging communicative competence: investigating age-related stereotypes in speech-language pathology students." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1405.
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Given the increasingly growing elderly population, and the large number of young Speech-Language Pathologists (SLPs), cultural competence regarding intergenerational ageism is a necessity. The current study aimed to discover whether SLP students are influenced by age-related stereotypes or judge communication objectively when assessing the language of older adults. First-year and second-year SLP graduate students evaluated narratives paired with images of older and younger adults on rating scales of language and communication. The results show that, although students primarily judge narratives based on quality, their language judgments are influenced by gender- and age-related stereotypes. Students judged males and females differently based on their age, with younger males rated worse overall. Students also appeared to lower their expectations when judging the language of older adults, suggesting that they expected poorer language skills to be more typical of older adults. The extent to which such biases may influence the students' communication with older adults is still unknown.
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Williams, A. Lynn. "Multiple Oppositions: Theoretical Foundations for an Alternative Contrastive Intervention Approach." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2000. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2007.
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A multiple opposition approach to phonological intervention is described as an alternative contrastive approach for the treatment of severe speech disorders in children. The development and theoretical constructs of this approach are presented within the context of a clinical case study. The multiple opposition approach is based on the premise that the systemic level of phonological organization is essential in the description and intervention of disordered sound systems. Phonological descriptions identify phoneme collapses, which are viewed as phonologic strategies developed by the child to accommodate a limited sound system relative to the full adult system of the ambient language. Intervention is then directed systemically across the child’s entire rule, or collapse, by using larger treatment sets of multiple oppositions rather than by one contrast at a time.
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de, Melo Andrea, Katie Barnes, Katie Marth, Kathleen Schweitzer, A. Lynn Williams, and Marcia Keske-Soares. "Prevalence of Disorders of the Sound of speech in the Brazilian Portuguese Speakers and English-Speaking Countries: A Narrative Review." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2011.
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OBJECTIVE: The disorder of speech sounds (DSF) is the most prevalent type of communication disorders, which corresponds to 32% of all disorders (Slater, 1992). The objective was to conduct a comprehensive narrative review of studies on the prevalence of DSF in English-speaking countries (USA, UK, Australia, Canada), as well as Brazilian Portuguese speakers. METHODS: The method for systematic and transparent selection of appropriate studies included the search terms («Prevalence», «criteria», «speech and language delay», «disorder», «speech delay», «primary speech and language delay prevalence», «speech impairment prevalence», «speech disorder prevalence») and databases (CINHAL, PubMed, ASHA, Psyinfo, Google Search, Scielo). The number of articles found in the narrative review period (February-March 2012) was 52, 37 were selected, and those who were included in the review were 35 articles. Each article was summarized according to the author(s), year of publication, reported the prevalence, sample size, age of study participants, and the measures used to determine DSF. RESULTS: The results indicate that DSF remains a highly prevalent condition that the variation is even greater for children speakers of Brazilian Portuguese. CONCLUSION: The results of this narrative review are discussed in relation to differences in the definition of DSF, severity and type of change communication studied the nature of the study samples and differences in study methods. Still, will be discussed on the need for future research to examine the prevalence between countries and languages.
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McAllister, Sue Margery. "Competency based assessment of speech pathology students' performance in the workplace." University of Sydney, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1130.
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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)Ensuring that speech pathology students are sufficiently competent to practise their profession is of critical importance to the speech pathology profession, students, their future employers, and clients/patients. This thesis describes the development and validation of a competency based assessment of speech pathology students’ performance in the workplace and their readiness to enter the profession. Development involved an extensive literature review regarding the nature of competency and its relationship to professional practice, the purpose and nature of assessment, and the validation of performance assessments. An online and hard copy assessment tool (paper) was designed through integrating multiple sources of information regarding speech pathology and assessment of workplace performance. Sources included research, theory, expert opinion, current practice, and focus group consultations with clinical educators and speech pathology students. The resulting assessment tool and resource material included four generic components of competency (clinical reasoning, professional communication, lifelong learning, and professional role) and seven occupational competencies previously developed by the speech pathology profession. The tool comprised an assessment format, either in a booklet or online, for clinical educators to rate students’ performances on the competencies at mid and end placement using a visual analogue scale. Behavioural descriptors and an assessment resource booklet informed and supported clinical educators’ judgement. The validity of the assessment tool was evaluated through a national field trial and using Messick’s six interrelated validity criteria which address content, substantive, structural, generalisability, external, and consequential aspects of validity (Messick, 1996). The validity of the assessment tool and its use with speech pathology students was evaluated through Rasch analysis, parametric statistical evaluation of relationships existing between information yielded by the Rasch analysis and other factors, and student and clinical educator feedback. The assessment tool was found to have strong validity characteristics across all validity components. Item Fit statistics generated through Rasch analysis ranged from .81 to 1.17 strongly upholding that the assessment items sampled a unidimensional construct of workplace competency for speech pathology students and confirming that generic and occupational competencies are both necessary for competent practice of speech pathology. High Item and Person Reliabilities (analogous to Cronbach’s alpha) were found (.98 and .97 respectively) and a wide range of person measures (-14.2 to 13.1) were generated. This indicated that a large spread of ability and a clear hierarchy of development on the construct was identified and that the assessment tool was highly reliable. This was further confirmed by high Intra Class Correlation coefficients for a small group of paired clinical educators rating the same student in the same workplace (.87) or in different workplaces concurrently (.82). Rasch analysis of the visual analogue scale used to rate student performance on 11 items of competence identified that clinical educators were able to reliably discriminate 7 categories or levels of student performance. This, in combination with careful calibration procedures, has resulted in an assessment tool that Australian Speech Pathology pre-professional preparation programs can use with confidence to place their students’ level of workplace competence into 7 zones of competency, with the seventh representing sufficient competence to enter the profession. The assessment tool also showed strong potential for identifying marginal students and for future use in promoting quality teaching and learning of professional competence. Limitations to the research and the tool validity were discussed, and recommendations made regarding future research. First, the clinical educator, who has dual and possibly conflicting roles as facilitator and assessor of student learning, made the assessment. Second, situating the assessment in the real workplace limits the students’ opportunities to demonstrate competence to those that naturally arise in the workplace. Paradoxically, both these factors also contributed to the validity of the assessment tool. It was recommended that the assessment tool be revised on the basis of the information gathered from the field trial, that further data be collected to ensure a broader proportional representation of speech pathology programs, to investigate possible threats to validity as well as those areas for which the tool showed promise. This research developed the first prototype of a validated assessment of entry level speech pathology competence that is grounded in a unified theoretical conception of entry level competence to the profession of speech pathology and the developmental progression required to reach this competence. This research will assist the profession of speech pathology by ensuring that speech pathologists enter the workplace well equipped to provide quality care to their future clients, the ultimate goal of any professional preparation program. Messick, S. (1996). Validity of performance assessments. In G. W. Phillips (Ed.), Technical Issues in Large-Scale Performance Assessment (pp. 1-18). Washington: National Centre for Education Statistics.
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Ensslen, Anysia J. "EXPERIENCES OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY GRADUATE STUDENTS: AN EXPLORATORY PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/edl_etds/5.
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Within the past decade little research has been conducted in the United States to examine the preparedness of beginning speech-language pathologists; the seminal article used for this research study comes from the United Kingdom (Horton, Byng, Bunning, & Pring, 2004). Literature from the past few decades indicates that there may be deficiencies in the way that beginning speech-language pathologists are being trained clinically.
The review of the literature suggests that the field may lack a clear and broadly supported learning theory or framework for the clinical supervision and training of speech-language pathology graduate students. The literature further supports the importance of work-embedded learning and problem-based learning, as well as suggests a theoretical framework that may be utilized for supervision and clinical training in the future.
The purpose of this exploratory phenomenological study is to understand and describe how speech-language pathology graduate students perceive their clinical training and supervision obtained during graduate school prepared them for their first externship placements. The literature suggests that a framework for the transfer of theoretical knowledge into the clinical setting is often not present in graduate academic programs (Horton & Byng, 2000b). Models of highly effective practices that are grounded in adult learning theory and empirical research regarding clinical training and supervision should be taken into account. In this way, department-level leaders may be able to design more effective models for clinical training and supervision. The data from participant interviews conducted for this study were organized into two over-arching themes: supervision and clinical experiences.
The data in each theme were further organized into more specific categories. The theme of supervision includes five categories: a) most helpful supervisor characteristics, b) least helpful supervisor characteristics, c) differences in supervision, d) feedback from supervisors, and e) working with different supervisors. In addition, the theme of clinical experiences includes four categories: a) differences between in-house experiences and externship experiences, b) significant aspects of clinical training, c) limitations of clinical training, and d) limitations of clinical coursework.
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Wells, Robert Paul. "Factors Influencing Access to Paediatric Speech Pathology Services in Western Australia." Thesis, Curtin University, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/89249.
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Communication difficulties impact a child’s Health-Related Quality of Life, and over time, their academic and financial success. It is important to address communication difficulties, however some families find service access difficult, and others may be unable to access appropriate services. Speech pathologists and service designers can use The Model of Access to Speech Pathology Services (MASPS) as an interpretive model to review and improve service access for the Western Australian community.
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Elangovan, Saravanan, and Andrew Stuart. "Auditory Temporal Processing in the Perception of Voicing." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2006. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1559.
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Lee, Michelle, and Brenda Louw. "Registered Dieticians’ Perceptions Regarding Collaboration with SLPs in Pediatric Populations." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2156.
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Williams, A. Lynn. "Sound Management: It’s About Time." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2017.
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Lynn Williams’ research has focused on development of a new model of phonological intervention called multiple oppositions that has been the basis of federally funded intervention studies by the National Institutes of Health (NIH); she has authored several articles in a variety of journals, as well as published several book chapters; developed a phonological intervention software program called Sound Contrasts in Phonology (SCIP) that was funded by NIH; authored a book Speech Disorders Resource Guide for Preschool Children; and served as associate editor of Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in the Schools and the American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology. She has recently edited a book on Interventions for Speech Sound Disorders in Children that was published in 2010 by Brookes Publishing. Dr. Williams has been a frequent presenter at numerous state, national, and international conferences.
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Proctor-Williams, Kerry. "Interprofessional Practice: A Pediatric Perspective." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1820.
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Williams, A. Lynn. "Sound management: It’s about time." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2013.
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Boggs, Theresa, Lindsay P. Greer, and Marie A. Johnson. "Making Mealtime More than a Mess." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1691.
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