Relevant bibliographies by topics / Speech and Motor Impairment

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Academic literature on the topic 'Speech and Motor Impairment'

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Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Speech and Motor Impairment"

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Sherman, Victoria, Rosemary Martino, Ishvinder Bhathal, Gabrielle DeVeber, Nomazulu Dlamini, Daune MacGregor, Elizabeth Pulcine, Deryk S. Beal, Kevin E. Thorpe, and Mahendranath Moharir. "Swallowing, Oral Motor, Motor Speech, and Language Impairments Following Acute Pediatric Ischemic Stroke." Stroke 52, no. 4 (April 2021): 1309–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.120.031893.

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Background and Purpose: Following adult stroke, dysphagia, dysarthria, and aphasia are common sequelae. Little is known about these impairments in pediatric stroke. We assessed frequencies, co-occurrence and associations of dysphagia, oral motor, motor speech, language impairment, and caregiver burden in pediatric stroke. Methods: Consecutive acute patients from term birth-18 years, hospitalized for arterial ischemic stroke (AIS), and cerebral sinovenous thrombosis, from January 2013 to November 2018 were included. Two raters reviewed patient charts to detect documentation of in-hospital dysphagia, oral motor dysfunction, motor speech and language impairment, and caregiver burden, using a priori operational definitions for notation and assessment findings. Other variables abstracted included demographics, preexisting conditions, stroke characteristics, and discharge disposition. Impairment frequencies were obtained by univariate and bivariate analysis and associations by simple logistic regression. Results: A total of 173 patients were stratified into neonates (N=67, mean age 2.9 days, 54 AIS, 15 cerebral sinovenous thrombosis) and children (N=106, mean age 6.5 years, 73 AIS, 35 cerebral sinovenous thrombosis). Derived frequencies of impairments included dysphagia (39% neonates, 41% children); oral motor (6% neonates, 41% children); motor speech (37% children); and language (31% children). Common overlapping impairments included oral motor and motor speech (24%) and dysphagia and motor speech (23%) in children. Associations were found only in children between stroke type (AIS over cerebral sinovenous thrombosis) and AIS severity (more severe deficit at presentation) for all impairments except feeding impairment alone. Caregiver burden was present in 58% patients. Conclusions: For the first time, we systematically report the frequencies and associations of dysphagia, oral motor, motor speech, and language impairment during acute presentation of pediatric stroke, ranging from 30% to 40% for each impairment. Further research is needed to determine long-term effects of these impairments and to design standardized age-specific assessment protocols for early recognition following stroke.
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Watts, Christopher R., and Yan Zhang. "Progression of Self-Perceived Speech and Swallowing Impairment in Early Stage Parkinson's Disease: Longitudinal Analysis of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 65, no. 1 (January 12, 2022): 146–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2021_jslhr-21-00216.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence and progression of self-perceived speech and swallowing impairments in newly diagnosed people with Parkinson's disease (PD) longitudinally across 6 years. Method: Longitudinal data from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative were analyzed across six consecutive years in a cohort of 269 newly diagnosed people with PD, and a subset of those ( n = 211) who were assessed at every time point across the 6 years. Dependent variables included self-perceived ratings of speech and swallowing impairment severity from the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale. Patient-centered factors of age at diagnosis and motor phenotype were also assessed to determine if they were related to the change in self-perceived speech and swallowing impairments. Results: Overall, self-perceived speech and swallowing impairments were present in newly diagnosed people with PD, although over time, the degree of severity for both remained in the mild range. However, the rate of change over time was significant for perceived speech impairment, F (5.5, 1158.8) = 21.1, p < .001), and perceived swallowing impairment, F (5.2, 1082.6) = 8.6, p < .001. Changes for speech and swallowing impairment were both in the direction of progressive severity. There were no effects of age at diagnosis or motor phenotype on the degree of change for either speech or swallowing. Conclusions: Self-perceptions of speech and swallowing impairment changed significantly over time in newly diagnosed people with PD (PWPD). Consistent with existing literature, self-perceptions of speech impairment were rated as more severe than those of swallowing impairment. These findings reveal that even in the early years postdiagnoses, PWPD are experiencing changes to speech and swallowing function, albeit within the mildly severe range. The presence of self-perceived mild speech and swallowing impairments in the initial years postdiagnosis may support the need for intervention to improve and or sustain function over time.
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Chenausky, Karen, Amanda Brignell, Angela Morgan, and Helen Tager-Flusberg. "Motor speech impairment predicts expressive language in minimally verbal, but not low verbal, individuals with autism spectrum disorder." Autism & Developmental Language Impairments 4 (January 2019): 239694151985633. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2396941519856333.

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Background and aims Developmental motor speech impairment has been suspected, but rarely systematically examined, in low- and minimally verbal individuals with autism spectrum disorder. We aimed to investigate the extent of motor speech impairment in this population and its relation to number of different words produced during a semi-structured language sample. Methods Videos of 54 low-verbal and minimally verbal individuals (ages 4;4–18;10) performing portions of a speech praxis test were coded for signs of motor speech impairment (e.g., childhood apraxia of speech). Age, autism spectrum disorder severity, nonspeech oral-motor ability, speech production ability, nonverbal IQ, and receptive vocabulary were compared between groups. Results Four groups emerged: (1) speech within normal limits ( n = 12), (2) non-childhood apraxia of speech impairment ( n = 16), (3) suspected childhood apraxia of speech ( n = 13), and (4) insufficient speech to rate ( n = 13). Groups differed significantly in nonspeech oral-motor ability, speech production ability, nonverbal IQ, and receptive vocabulary. Overall, only speech production ability and receptive vocabulary accounted for significant variance in number of different words. Receptive vocabulary significantly predicted number of different words only in Groups 1 and 2, while speech production ability significantly predicted number of different words only in Groups 3 and 4. Conclusions and implications If replicated, our findings have important implications for developing much-needed spoken language interventions in minimally verbal individuals with autism spectrum disorder.
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Terband, Hayo, Manon Spruit, and Ben Maassen. "Speech Impairment in Boys With Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 27, no. 4 (November 21, 2018): 1405–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_ajslp-17-0013.

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BackgroundFetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are a highly prevalent spectrum of patterns of congenital defects resulting from prenatal exposure to alcohol. Approximately 90% of the cases involve speech impairment. Yet, to date, no detailed symptom profiles nor dedicated treatment plans are available for this population.PurposeThis study set out to chart the speech and speech motor characteristics in boys with FASD to profile the concomitant speech impairment and identify possible underlying mechanisms.MethodTen boys with FASD (4.5–10.3 years old) and 26 typically developing children (4.1–8.7 years old; 14 boys, 12 girls) participated in the study. Speech production and perception, and oral motor data were collected by standardized tests.ResultsThe boys with FASD showed reduced scores on all tasks as well as a deviant pattern of correlations between production and perception tasks and intelligibility compared with the typically developing children. Speech motor profiles showed specific problems with nonword repetition and tongue control.ConclusionsFindings indicate that the speech impairment in boys with FASD results from a combination of deficits in multiple subsystems and should be approached as a disorder rather than a developmental delay. The results suggest that reduced speech motor planning/programming, auditory discrimination, and oral motor abilities should be considered in long-term, individually tailored treatment.
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Hustad, Katherine C., Ashley Sakash, Aimee Teo Broman, and Paul J. Rathouz. "Differentiating Typical From Atypical Speech Production in 5-Year-Old Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Comparative Analysis." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 28, no. 2S (July 15, 2019): 807–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_ajslp-msc18-18-0108.

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Objective Early diagnosis of speech disorders in children with cerebral palsy (CP) is of critical importance. A key problem is differentiating those with borderline or mild speech motor deficits from those who are within an age-appropriate range of variability. We sought to quantify how well functional speech measures differentiated typically developing (TD) children from children with CP. Method We studied speech production in 45 children with CP (26 with clinical speech motor impairment [SMI] and 19 with no evidence of speech motor impairment [NSMI]) and in 29 TD children of the same age. Speech elicitation tasks were used. Intelligibility, speech rate, and intelligible words per minute were examined. Results All measures differentiated between all 3 groups of children with considerable precision based on area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) data. AUC was highest for overall intelligibility, which ranged from .88 to .99. Intelligible words per minute also yielded very strong AUCs, ranging from .81 to .99. In each of the receiver operating characteristic models, discrimination between groups was highest for children with speech motor impairment versus TD children. Data indicated that 90% of TD children had overall intelligibility above 87% at 5 years of age, but that no child was 100% intelligible. Furthermore, 90% children with SMI had intelligibility below 72%. Conclusion Findings suggest that functional speech measures differentiate very clearly between children with and without CP and that even children who do not show evidence of speech motor impairment have functional differences in their speech production ability relative to TD peers.
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Hustad, Katherine C., Tristan J. Mahr, Aimee Teo Broman, and Paul J. Rathouz. "Longitudinal Growth in Single-Word Intelligibility Among Children With Cerebral Palsy From 24 to 96 Months of Age: Effects of Speech-Language Profile Group Membership on Outcomes." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 63, no. 1 (January 22, 2020): 32–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2019_jslhr-19-00033.

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Purpose We examined whether there were differences among speech-language profile groups of children with cerebral palsy (CP) in age of crossing 25%, 50%, and 75% intelligibility thresholds; age of greatest intelligibility growth; rate of intelligibility growth; maximum attained intelligibility at 8 years; and how well intelligibility at 36 months predicts intelligibility at 96 months when group membership is accounted for. Profile groups were children with no speech motor impairment (NSMI), those with speech motor impairment and language comprehension that is typically developing (SMI-LCT), and those with speech motor impairment and language comprehension impairment (SMI-LCI). Method Sixty-eight children with CP were followed longitudinally between 24 and 96 months of age. A total of 564 time points were examined across children ( M = 8.3 time points per child, SD = 2.6). We fitted a nonlinear random effects model for longitudinal observations, allowing for differences between profile groups. We used the fitted model trajectories to generate descriptive analyses of intelligibility growth by group and to generate simulations to analyze how well 36-month intelligibility data predicted 96-month data accounting for profile groups. Results Children with CP who have NSMI have different growth and better intelligibility outcomes than those with speech motor impairment. Children with SMI-LCT tend to have better outcomes but similar intelligibility growth as children with SMI-LCI. There may be a subset of children that cut across SMI-LCI and SMI-LCT groups who have severe speech motor involvement and show limited growth in intelligibility. Conclusions Intelligibility outcomes for children with CP are affected by profile group membership. Intelligibility growth tends to be delayed in children with speech motor impairment. Intelligibility at 3 years is highly predictive of later outcomes regardless of profile group. Intervention decision making should include consideration of early intelligibility, and treatment directions should include consideration of augmentative and alternative communication.
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Balažinec, Marijana, Ljiljana Širić, Lana Maljković, and Katarina Marijan. "Acquired non-specific stuttering in Parkinson’s disease." Logopedija 12, no. 1 (July 10, 2022): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31299/log.12.1.4.

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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease predominantly characterized by tremor, bradykinesia, and rigor. In addition to motor and non-motor manifestations of Parkinson’s disease, there are a number of symptoms, including speech disorders and other cognitive impairments. The most common speech symptoms are bradylalia, dysarthria, hypophonia and impaired prosody. Cognitive changes that occur in the prodromal phase of PD include impairment in executive functions and working memory, followed by impairment in attention and verbal fluency, and that is before the motor characteristics of PD become visible. The aim of the study is to present the case of a 74-year-old patient with Parkinson’s disease who has speech and language difficulties and atypical speech disfluency. Diagnostic processing was performed using a clinical battery of tests for speech – language assessment and neuropsychological assessment. The results of the speech – language assessment indicate significantly reduced intelligence due to non-specific speech disfluency and inaccurate articulation, difficulty in organizing spontaneous expression and understanding grammatical structures, impaired phonemic verbal fluency and difficulties in receptive vocabulary. Neuropsychological processing indicated diffuse deterioration of the examined cognitive functioning to be larger than expected when taking ito consideration the age and probably good premorbid abilities of this person.
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Cunningham, Barbara Jane, and Janis Oram Cardy. "Reliability of Speech-Language Pathologists' Categorizations of Preschoolers' Communication Impairments in Practice." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 30, no. 2 (March 26, 2021): 734–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_ajslp-20-00239.

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Purpose An efficient and reliable way to categorize children's communication impairments based on routine clinical assessments is needed to inform research and clinical decisions. This preliminary study assessed interrater reliability of speech-language pathologists' categorization of preschoolers' speech, language, and communication impairments using a clinical consensus document. Method Six speech-language pathologists at three community sites worked in pairs to assess 38 children aged 1–5 years, then used the clinical consensus document to categorize children's communication impairments broadly. Identified language and speech sound impairments were further subcategorized. Results Speech-language pathologists had substantial to almost perfect agreement for three broadly focused impairment categories. Agreement for whether language difficulties/disorders were developmental or associated with a biomedical condition was almost perfect, but moderate for whether difficulties impacted receptive or expressive language, or social communication skills. Agreement was fair for rule-based speech delays/disorders, but low for motor-based and mixed speech impairments. Conclusions Results support use of the clinical consensus document to collect data for reliable categories. Additional work is needed to confirm reliability for some broadly focused impairment categories and for subcategorization of speech impairments.
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Kronenbuerger, Martin, Jürgen Konczak, Wolfram Ziegler, Paul Buderath, Benedikt Frank, Volker A. Coenen, Karl Kiening, Peter Reinacher, Johannes Noth, and Dagmar Timmann. "Balance and Motor Speech Impairment in Essential Tremor." Cerebellum 8, no. 3 (May 19, 2009): 389–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12311-009-0111-y.

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Babajić, Mirela, Emira Švraka, and Dijana Avdić. "Frequency of joined disabilities of children with cerebral palsy in Tuzla canton." Journal of Health Sciences 3, no. 3 (December 15, 2013): 222–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17532/jhsci.2013.111.

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Introduction: Cerebral palsy (CP) connotes a group of non-progressive, but often variable symptoms of motor impairment of movement and posture, as well as other impairments which are a consequenceof anomalies or brain impairment in different phases of its development. CP is a pathological condition characterised in the fi rst place by motor function impairment to which other disorders such as: visual andhearing impairment, intellectual defi cit, emotional problems, behaviour disorder, speech disorder, epileptic seizure and similar can join. The aim of this study is to determine frequency of joined disabilities ofchildren with cerebral palsy in Tuzla Canton.Methods: The research covers a total sample of 48 examinees, chronological age from 2-19 years, in Tuzla Canton. Research instrument was a Structural Questionnaire for the parents of children and adolescentswith cerebral palsy. Research data were processed by nonparametric statistics method. Basic statistical parameters of frequency and percentages were calculated, and tabular presentation was made.Results: After classification of examinees as per frequency of joined disabilities was done, work results have shown that speech impairment occurred with 35.4 % of children, visual impairment 33.3 %, epilepsy29.3 %, whereas hearing impairment occurred with 2 % of children.Conclusion: In research of frequency of joined disabilities of children with cerebral palsy in Tuzla Canton, most expressed are speech and visual disorders with children, then epilepsy, whereas a small percentageof children are with hearing disorder.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Speech and Motor Impairment"

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Rewaj, Phillipa Jane. "Nature of language impairment in motor neurone disease." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9744.

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Background: Language impairment associated with Motor Neurone Disease (MND) has been documented since the late 19th century, yet little is understood about the pervasiveness or nature of these deficits. The common clinical view among healthcare professionals is that communication difficulties can be attributed solely to the motor speech disorder dysarthria. Recent literature raises the possibility of more central processing deficits. Impairments in naming ability and comprehension of complex grammatical constructs have been frequently reported in some patients with MND. However, there is now growing evidence of spelling impairment, which could suggest the contribution of a more phonologically based deficit. In addition, the close relationship between MND and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) raises questions about the connection between the language impairments seen in MND patients and those documented in patients with the primary progressive aphasia (PPA) syndromes associated with FTD. Aims: This thesis examines the nature of speech and language deficits in people with MND and the extent to which expressive communication impairment can occur above and beyond dysarthria. In particular, the study explores: i) to what extent these language impairments can be attributed to deficits in working memory, executive functioning and/or disease severity; ii) what spelling errors can reveal about the integrity of lexical, phonological and orthographic processing; iii) whether similar patterns of impairment can be seen in PPA syndromes; iv) the relationship between language impairment and bulbar onset; and v) the impact these findings have on clinical management of MND patients. Methods: MND patients from across Scotland with changes in speech and/or language were tested using a neuropsychological battery of experimental and standardised tests of naming, spelling, syntactic comprehension, prosody and phonological and orthographical awareness. Patients were also screened for levels of dysarthria, executive functioning and working memory deficits, and results compared to those of matched controls. Findings: As a group, MND participants performed significantly worse than matched controls on measures of naming, spelling, orthographical awareness, grammatical comprehension, affective prosody and verbal fluency, but not working memory. However, based on patterns of individual impairment, of which spelling impairment formed a distinctive marker, the patient group divided into dichotomous subgroups, with 44% of participants categorised as ‘linguistically impaired’, while the remainder displayed little to no impairment. Those participants identified as linguistically impaired did not differ significantly from other MND participants on measures of disease severity, disease duration or dysarthria severity, although significantly more bulbar onset than limb onset participants were linguistically impaired. Spelling error patterns were suggestive of deficits at both a lexical and sublexical level, and were comparable to those reported in PPA literature. These findings suggest that dysarthria may be masking linguistic deficits in almost half of dysarthric MND patients, and highlight the importance of multidimensional assessment of language for effective clinical management.
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Braddock, Barbara. "Links between gesture, speech, and motor skill in children with clinical characteristics of specific language impairment /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1418007.

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Roy, David Michael. "Gestural human-machine interaction using neural networks for people with severe speech and motor impairment due to cerebral palsy." Thesis, City University London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307917.

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Ferreira, Janna. "Sounds of silence : Phonological awareness and written language in children with and without speech." Doctoral thesis, Linköping : Örebro : Faculty of Arts and Science, Linköping University ; The Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Örebro University, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-10184.

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Wilson, W. R. "Speech motor control." Thesis, University of Essex, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376738.

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Kaipa, Ramesh. "Evaluation of principles of motor learning in speech and non-speech-motor learning tasks." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Communication Disorders, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/10349.

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Principles of motor learning (PMLs) refer to a set of concepts which are considered to facilitate the process of motor learning. PMLs can be broadly grouped into principles based on (1) the structure of practice/treatment, and (2) the nature of feedback provided during practice/treatment. Application of PMLs is most evident in studies involving non-speech- motor tasks (e.g., limb movement). However, only a few studies have investigated the application of PMLs in speech-motor tasks. Previous studies relating to speech-motor function have highlighted two primary limitations: (1) Failure to consider whether various PMLs contribute equally to learning in both non-speech and speech-motor tasks, (2) Failure to consider whether PMLs can be effective in a clinical cohort in comparison to a healthy group. The present research was designed to shed light on whether selected PMLs can indeed facilitate learning in both non-speech and speech-motor tasks and also to examine their efficacy in a clinical group with Parkinson’s disease (PD) in comparison to a healthy group. Eighty healthy subjects with no history of sensory, cognitive, or neurological abnormalities, ranging 40-80 years of age, and 16 patients with PD, ranging 58-78 years of age, were recruited as participants for the current study. Four practice conditions and one feedback condition were considered in the training of a speech-motor task and a non-speech- motor task. The four practice conditions were (1) constant practice, (2) variable practice, (3) blocked practice, and (4) random practice. The feedback was a combination of low-frequency, knowledge of results, knowledge of performance, and delayed feedback conditions, and was paired with each of the four practice conditions. The participants in the clinical and non-clinical groups were required to practise a speech and a non-speech-motor learning task. Each participant was randomly and equally assigned to one of the four practice groups. The speech-motor task involved production of a meaningless and temporally modified phrase, and the non-speech-motor task involved practising a 12-note musical sequence using a portable piano keyboard. Each participant was seen on three consecutive days: the first two days served as the acquisition phase and the third day was the retention phase. During the acquisition phase, the participants practised 50 trials of the speech phrase and another 50 trials of the musical tune each day, and each session lasted for 60-90 min. Performance on the speech and non-speech tasks was preceded by an orthographic model of the target phrase/musical sequence displayed on a computer monitor along with an auditory model. The participants were instructed to match their performance to the target phrase/musical sequence exactly. Feedback on performance was provided after every 10th trial. The nature of practice differed among the four practice groups. The participants returned on the third day for the retention phase and produced 10 trials of the target phrase and another 10 trials of the musical sequence. Feedback was not provided during or after the retention trials. These final trials were recorded for later acoustic analyses. The analyses focused on spatial and temporal parameters of the speech and non-speech tasks. Spatial analysis involved evaluating the production accuracy of target phrase/tune by calculating the percentage of phonemes/keystrokes correct (PPC/PKC). The temporal analysis involved calculating the temporal synchrony of the participant productions (speech phrase & tune) during the retention trials with the target phrase and tune, respectively, through the phi correlation. The PPC/PKC and phi correlation values were subjected to a series of mixed model ANOVAs. In the healthy subjects, the results of the spatial learning revealed that the participants learned the speech task better than the non-speech (keyboard) task. In terms of temporal learning, there was no difference in learning between the speech and non-speech tasks. On an overall note, the participants performed better on the spatial domain, rather than on the temporal domain, indicating a spatial-temporal trade-off. Across spatial as well as temporal learning, participants in the constant practice condition learned the speech and non-speech tasks better than participants in the other practice conditions. Another interesting finding was that there was an age effect, with the younger participants demonstrating superior spatial and temporal learning to that of the older participants, except for temporal learning on the keyboard task for which there was no difference. In contrast, the PD group showed no significant differences on spatial or temporal learning between any of the four practice conditions. Furthermore, although the PD patients had poorer performances than the healthy subjects on both the speech and keyboard tasks, they showed very similar pattern of learning across all four practice conditions to that of the healthy subjects. The findings in the current study tend to have potential applications in speech-language therapy, and are as follows: (1) a constant practice regime could be beneficial in developing speech therapy protocols to treat motor-based communication disorders (e.g., dysarthria), (2) speech therapists need to exercise caution in designing speech therapy goals incorporating similar PMLs for younger and older adults, as the application of similar PMLs in younger and older adults may bring about different learning outcomes, (3) and finally, it could be beneficial for patients to practise speech tasks which would require them to focus either on the spatial or temporal aspect, rather than focussing on both the aspects simultaneously.
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Alcock, Katherine Jane. "Motor dysphasia : a comparative study." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308710.

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Mailend, Marja-Liisa, and Marja-Liisa Mailend. "Speech Motor Planning in Apraxia of Speech and Aphasia." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625882.

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Apraxia of speech (AOS) is a motor speech disorder that poses significant obstacles to a person's ability to communicate and take part in everyday life. Agreement exists between current theories of AOS that the impairment affects the speech motor planning stage, where linguistic representations are transformed into speech movements, but they disagree on the specific nature of the breakdown at this processing level. A more detailed understanding of this impairment is essential for developing targeted, effective treatment approaches and for identifying the appropriate candidates for these treatments. The study of AOS is complicated by the fact that this disorder rarely occurs in isolation but is commonly accompanied by various degrees of aphasia (a language impairment) and/or dysarthria (a neuromuscular impairment of speech motor control). In addition, the behavioral similarities of AOS and its closest clinical neighbor, aphasia with phonemic paraphasias, undermine the usefulness of traditional methods, such as perceptual error analysis, in the study of both disorders. The purpose of this dissertation was to test three competing hypotheses about the specific nature of the speech motor planning impairment in AOS in a systematic sequence of three reaction time experiments. This research was formulated in the context of a well-established theoretical framework of speech production and it combines psycholinguistic reaction time paradigms with a cognitive neuropsychological approach. The results of the three experiments provide evidence that one component of the speech motor planning impairment in AOS involves difficulty with selecting the intended motor program for articulation. Furthermore, this difficulty appears to be intensified by simultaneously activated alternative speech motor programs that compete with the target program for selection. These findings may prove useful as a theoretically-motivated basis for improving diagnostic tools and treatment protocols for people with AOS and aphasia, thus enhancing clinical decision-making. Such translational and clinical research aimed at developing sensitive and specific diagnostic tools and improving treatment approaches is the ultimate long-term objective of this research program.
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Butler, Rebecca R. "Motor impairment in children's literature : perceptions and pedagogy." Thesis, University of Roehampton, 2014. https://pure.roehampton.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/motor-impairment-in-children’s-literature(83b3a2a0-a718-4640-9bfc-2721099b651a).html.

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This project explores how pupils respond to disabled characters encountered in two fictional stories and considers the potential implications such reactions hold for teaching and learning in schools. The project reviewed three streams of literature, namely books for children in which disabled characters play a part, the literature of disability studies, and literature linked to inclusive education. The research data set was gathered at group sessions held with a total of 41 pupils in four mainstream primary schools and two schools for SEN pupils. The sessions were recorded on DVD. This data set was analysed using a cluster coding convention and grounded theory model. The pupils discussed issues raised by two excerpts from works of fiction in which motor impaired characters play a significant role. The pupils responded actively, coming to grips with complex issues, presenting their own views, discussing the views of others and completing a brief written exercise. The views expressed by the pupils were often supportive of disabled people but critical where the behaviour of the disabled people in the stories warranted criticism. They rarely used prejudicial language about disabled people and they appeared to be almost unaffected by anti- disabled prejudices. One group session was held with disabled pupils at a part-boarding, part-day school for disabled pupils from age 7 to 19. These pupils showed a greater awareness of the day to day realities of life for a motor impaired person. They also showed enthusiasm or the use of books to familiarise non-disabled people with disability. The project also demonstrated that fictional texts featuring motor impaired characters can be used to teach pupils about motor impairment and to encourage them to think about what it means to be thus disabled. It identified key characteristics of the methods used for research with children. It also identified an opportunity for improved teaching in the area of disability. The KS2 curriculum for Personal, Social and Health Education (PSHE) makes only one mention of disability. Disability could feature more prominently in the curriculum taught by schools and individual teachers.
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Highman, Chantelle D. "Early speech motor and language skills in childhood apraxia of speech: evidence for a core deficit in speech motor control?" Thesis, Curtin University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1634.

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Children with childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) present with significant speech production deficits, the effects of which often persist well into late childhood (American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 2007; Lewis, Freebairn, Hansen, Iyengar, & Taylor, 2004). Debate has historically surrounded whether the features of CAS are the result of an impairment in linguistic or speech motor systems, or both (American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 2007). Most research, however, has failed to explicitly consider a developmental perspective of the disorder, arguably limiting the associated interpretations that often (implicitly) assume an established underlying system (Maassen, 2002). One of the key tenets of such a developmental perspective is the possibility of an original core deficit in one system, with negative consequences for aspects of the system that subsequently develop.A mixed-methodology paradigm was employed in the present research in order to explore the core deficit in CAS. Similar paradigms have been applied to the study of dyslexia (Koster et al., 2005; Lyytinen et al., 2001; Viholainen et al., 2006) and autism spectrum disorders (Coonrod & Stone, 2004; Dawson, Osterling, Meltzoff, & Kuhl, 2000; Iverson & Wozniak, 2007), but have yet to be applied to CAS.Study 1 sought to quantify parental report of vocalisation behaviours in children with a clinical diagnosis of CAS. The parents of 20 children with suspected CAS (sCAS) completed a questionnaire focussing on the prelinguistic development of their children as infants. Responses were compared to those from parents of 20 children with Specific Language Impairment (SLI) and 20 children with typically developing (TD) speech and language development. The sCAS children were reported to be significantly less vocal, less likely to have babbled, later in the emergence of first words and later in the emergence of two-word combinations than the TD children. However, the SLI children were reported similarly on many (but not all) items. Despite this similarity, the sCAS group were unique in terms of the presence of reported babbling (35% were reported not to have babbled at all, compared to the TD and SLI children who were all recalled as having babbled in infancy), and the emergence of two word combinations (significantly later than both the TD and SLI groups). In addition, the motor milestones of age of crawling and age of walking were significantly correlated with age of emergence of two-word combinations in the sCAS group, suggesting commonly constrained speech and motor development. Overall, the results provided preliminary support for the notion of atypical prelinguistic vocal development in children with sCAS, and highlighted the importance of further research on the topic.Study 2 applied a retrospective data paradigm in exploring the prelinguistic vocal development of children with CAS. Nine clinically-ascertained children, aged 3 to 4 years and presenting with a range of speech and language profiles (including 3 with suspected CAS), were characterised in terms of operationally-defined CAS characteristics in the first stage (2A) of this study. The battery of tasks included standardised speech and language assessments as well as non-standardised tasks targeting speech production ability. A group of 21 age-matched children with typically developing speech and language skills provided comparison data for the non-standardised tasks. This phase of the study documented CAS characteristics in five of the nine clinical sample participants, with two of these children showing all five of the features investigated. Study 2B examined the early speech, language and motor development of the clinical sample children, via analysis of data available retrospectively for this unique group of children.Their infant profiles were compared to those of 205 infants who had been part of the same community program that the clinical sample had been involved in (and thus had infant data available) but who did not have identified ongoing speech and language issues. Single case comparisons (Crawford & Garthwaite, 2005) revealed that the child with the greatest number and severity of CAS features at preschool age demonstrated significantly poorer expressive skills and a significant dissociation in receptive-expressive abilities in infancy, compared to the typically developing children. Profiles for the other clinical sample children varied considerably.In the third study (Study 3), the development of infants with a family history of CAS (n = 8) was compared to that of infants with no such familial risk (n =8) to further examine the proposed core deficit in CAS. Early speech, language and motor development was tracked at 9, 12, 15, 18 and 24 months. The siblings as a group demonstrated significantly poorer expressive language, speech sound development and fine motor ability than the comparison group, consistent with the notion of a verbal trait deficit (Lewis, Freebairn, Hansen, Taylor et al., 2004). At two years of age, two siblings (and none of the comparison infants) showed clinically-important delays in speech and language development. Inspection of their profiles suggested one infant (SIB2) to present with features consistent with putative early features of CAS (Davis & Velleman, 2000); the other (SIB1) to present with language difficulties not suggestive of CAS.Analysis of their vocalisation samples revealed that while SIB2’s rate of vocalisations at 9 months was not different to that of the comparison group, the nature of the vocalisations were different. While all comparison infants were using canonical syllables at 9 months, SIB2 had not entered this important stage until 12 months, and showed a significantly reduced proportion of canonical syllables at this age (2.5% compared to the comparison infants, who averaged 17%, with none producing less than 6%). Acoustic analyses performed on prelinguistic canonical syllables showed that while duration did not differ, a restricted use of the F1:F2 planar space was noted for SIB2 compared to the typically developing infants, suggesting limited vowel production. Furthermore, a particularly strong correlation between F1 and F2 was observed, suggesting stronger coupling of the articulators. Importantly, the vocalisation data, together with data from standardised assessments, showed a dissociation between speech motor and conceptualiser areas, with a deficit in speech motor control evident in the context of intact conceptual skills for this infant. In contrast, SIB1 (who showed a language delayed profile at 2 years, with no CAS features) did not evidence the types of anomalies identified for SIB2.Taken together, the results of the present research provide support for the viability of a speech motor control deficit account of CAS, when interpreted in a developmental context. As such, they highlight the importance of the prelinguistic period and longitudinal investigations in examining the underlying core deficit in CAS, and suggest important implications for theoretical and clinical conceptualisations of the disorder.
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Books on the topic "Speech and Motor Impairment"

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Perkins, Michael R. Pragmatic impairment. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.

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Perkins, Michael R. Pragmatic impairment. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.

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Butler, Penelope Barbara. The physiotherapy management of motor impairment. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1993.

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Miller, Nick, and Anja Lowit, eds. Motor Speech Disorders. Bristol, Blue Ridge Summit: Multilingual Matters, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21832/9781783092338.

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Stewart, Sheila. Finding my voice: Kids with speech impairment. Broomall, Pa: Mason Crest Publishers, 2010.

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Crary, Michael A. Developmental motor speech disorders. San Diego, Calif: Singular Pub. Group, 1993.

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Developmental motor speech disorders. San Diego: Whurr, 1993.

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Love, Russell J. Childhood motor speech disability. New York: Merrill, 1992.

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T, Pelligrino Lucian, ed. Handbook of motor skills: Development, impairment, and therapy. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2009.

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W, Mullennix John, and Stern Steven 1966-, eds. Computer synthesized speech technologies: Tools for aiding impairment. Hershey, PA: Medical Information Science Reference, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Speech and Motor Impairment"

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Garcia, N., J. C. Vásquez-Correa, J. R. Orozco-Arroyave, N. Dehak, and E. Nöth. "Language Independent Assessment of Motor Impairments of Patients with Parkinson’s Disease Using i-Vectors." In Text, Speech, and Dialogue, 147–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64206-2_17.

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Agarwal, Ayush, DV JeevithaShree, Kamalpreet Singh Saluja, Atul Sahay, Pullikonda Mounika, Anshuman Sahu, Rahul Bhaumik, Vinodh Kumar Rajendran, and Pradipta Biswas. "Comparing Two Webcam-Based Eye Gaze Trackers for Users with Severe Speech and Motor Impairment." In Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, 641–52. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-5977-4_54.

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Hsieh, Yu-Hsin, Mats Granlund, Ai-Wen Hwang, and Helena Hemmingsson. "Impact of Using an Eye-Gaze Technology by a Young Adult with Severe Cerebral Palsy Without Speech." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 347–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08648-9_40.

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AbstractThis case study explores an eye-gaze technology intervention for a young adult with severe physical and speech difficulties and visual impairments. Data were collected over a six-month intervention period encompassing measures on pupil’s occupational performance of computer activities and psychosocial impact, and interviews with the user, the parents, and the teacher on the technology acceptability. The results showed that the six-month intervention enhanced the pupil’s performance in three computer activities and led to a positive psychosocial impact. The parent and teacher described the intervention as appropriate to increase the pupil’s self-expression and interaction with others, and there was no adverse event during the study period. The pupil demonstrated motivation to use the eye-gaze technology after the intervention continuously. In conclusion, this study shows that a young adult with severe motor impairments and visual problems can benefit from using eye-gaze technology to increase participation in leisure activities, communication, and social interactions.
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Jafri, Rabia, Ameera Masoud Almasoud, Reema Mohammed Taj Alshammari, Shahad Eid Mohammed Alosaimi, Raghad Talal Mohammed Alhamad, and Amzan Abdullah Saleh Aldowighri. "A Low-Cost Gaze-Based Arabic Augmentative and Alternative Communication System for People with Severe Speech and Motor Impairments." In HCI International 2020 – Late Breaking Papers: Universal Access and Inclusive Design, 279–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60149-2_22.

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Keller, Eric. "Speech Motor Timing." In Speech Production and Speech Modelling, 343–64. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2037-8_14.

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McGinley, Vicki A. "Speech or Language Impairment." In The Special Educator’s Guide to Assessment: A Comprehensive Summary by IDEA Disability Category, 265–90. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks California 91320: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781544344256.n14.

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MacNeilage, Peter F. "Speech, Motor Control." In Speech and Language, 39–40. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-6774-9_15.

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Tatham, Mark, and Katherine Morton. "Speech Motor Control." In Speech Production and Perception, 99–120. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230513969_4.

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Perkins, Michael R. "Pragmatic Impairment." In The Handbook of Language and Speech Disorders, 227–46. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444318975.ch10.

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Martinez-Martin, Pablo, Carmen Rodriguez-Blazquez, Maria João Forjaz, and Kallol Ray Chaudhuri. "Motor Impairment and Disability Scales." In Guide to Assessment Scales in Parkinson’s Disease, 31–42. Tarporley: Springer Healthcare Ltd., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-907673-88-7_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Speech and Motor Impairment"

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Agurto, Carla, Omar Ahmad, Guillermo A. Cecchi, Raquel Norel, Mary Pietrowicz, Elif K. Eyigoz, Elizabeth Mosmiller, et al. "Analyzing progression of motor and speech impairment in ALS." In 2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2019.8857300.

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Dasgupta, Tirthankar, Manjira Sinha, and Anupam Basu. "Web browsing interface for people with severe speech and motor impairment in India." In the 16th international ACM SIGACCESS conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2661334.2661396.

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Krishna Sharma, Vinay, Kamalpreet Saluja, Vimal Mollyn, and Pradipta Biswas. "Eye Gaze Controlled Robotic Arm for Persons with Severe Speech and Motor Impairment." In ETRA '20: 2020 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3379155.3391324.

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Roy, David M., Marilyn Panayi, Roman Erenshteyn, Richard Foulds, and Robert Fawcus. "Gestural human-machine interaction for people with severe speech and motor impairment due to cerebral palsy." In Conference companion. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/259963.260375.

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Wolniak, Radoslaw. "THE PERCEPTION OF ARCHITECTURAL BARRIERS IN SOSNOWIEC MUNICIPIAL OFFICE FROM DISABLE PERSON POINT OF VIEW." In GEOLINKS International Conference. SAIMA Consult Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2020/b2/v2/37.

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The paper concentrate on problems connected with problems of peoples with disability. The main aims of the paper is to measure the level of quality of service in the case of architectural barriers in municipal offices by peoples in disability. We made following hypothesis: the types of disability significantly affects the perception of quality of services in municipal office regarding architectural barrier. The problem of satisfaction of people with disability in the case of architectural barriers in municipal office in Sosnowiec was analyzed from type of disability point of view. We distinguished five main types of disability in the paper: sensory impairment – a lack, damage or disorder of sensory analysers’ function (this category includes the blind, the visually impaired, the deaf, hard of hearing persons and people with visual and auditory perception disorders); intellectual impairment – mental retardation; social functioning impairment – disorders of neural and emotional balance; communication impairment – hindered verbal contact (speech impediments, autism, stammering); motor impairment – people with motor organ dysfunction. On the basis of that are discussed in this publication the research, we can conclude that the overall assessment of architectural barriers for people with disabilities is as in the case of the Municipal Office in Sosnowiec at an average level. The problems focus mainly on matters of specialized service selected groups of customers with disabilities who require further elaboration. Another type of problem is to issue a limited number of parking spaces for the disabled, but for objective reasons, it will be difficult to solve. Also we can say that the assessment of the architectural barriers by peoples with various types of disability vary significantly. The architectural barriers are the problem especially for people with motor disabilities – those persons are going to municipal office often and because of type of their disability barriers within the office and near the office is the big problem for them. The results are supporting the hypothesis that the type of disability affects perception of architectural barriers by peoples with disabilities.
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"Mintzatek, Text-to-Speech Conversion Tool Adapted to Users with Motor Impairments." In 16th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems. SCITEPRESS - Science and and Technology Publications, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0004897701120119.

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Rowe, Hannah P., and Jordan R. Green. "Profiling Speech Motor Impairments in Persons with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: An Acoustic-Based Approach." In Interspeech 2019. ISCA: ISCA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2019-2911.

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Kirshenbaum, Ari, Chris Lewis, and Andy Kaplan. "Mobile app detection of THC-related cognitive impairment in heavy users." In 2021 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2022.01.000.10.

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The degree to which frequent users of cannabis experience cognitive impairment from acute self-administration has been questioned on the basis of behavioral tolerance to THC. "Indicator" is a downloadable mobile software app that assesses cognitive, perceptual, and motor skills using a variety of brief videogames. In the course of one month (April 2021), the app was used by 199 adult users who self-identified as either use cannabis "frequently" or "continuously." Sixty-one of these heavy users played at least two of the videogames available in the app while sober, and this was on the first occasion of using the app. Ninety-six used the app while intoxicated by cannabis, and also on their first instance of using the app. Independent-samples t-test was performed to compare sober-versus-intoxicated performance on each of two separate videogames, and these videogames specifically assessed (a) time perception and (b) reaction speed and accuracy. Clear evidence of cannabis-related impairment was evident for both videogames (p < 0.05) for this heavy-using population. This evidence suggests that neurocognitive performance-related deficits are apparent in a population of users who are well-accustomed to the psychopharmacological influence of THC.
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Rocha, Isadora Souza, Paola Nabhan Leonel dos Santos, João Guilherme Bochnia Küster, Maria Angélica Vieira Lizama, Vinícius Riegel Giugno, Hélio Afonso Ghizoni Teive, and Salmo Raskin. "Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease with Novel Variant: Case Report." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.672.

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Context: Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease (PMD) is a rare X-linked recessive hypomyelinating leukodystrophy caused by mutations in the proteolipid protein 1 (PLP1) gene, associated with myelin sheath development and stability. The result is a broad spectrum of clinical phenotypes. Diagnosis is confirmed by genetic testing. Clinical features include hypotonia followed by progressive spasticity, nystagmus, ataxia and cognitive impairment. Males are more affected. Females are asymptomatic or present milder symptoms. Most cases arise from duplications, point and null mutations. Null mutations are associated with milder phenotypes. Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) may reveal hypomyelination. There is no disease modifying treatment for PMD. We aim to present the case of a woman with a novel variant of the PLP1 gene. Case report: A 38-year-old female presented with 23 years of progression of upper limb tremor, speech impairment, lower limb rigidity and urinary incontinence. She reported abnormal development of reading and writing skills. She had a brother with cognitive impairment, delayed motor development, gait disorder and generalized tonic-clonic seizures; and a sister with upper limb tremor, dysarthria and behavioral disorder. Hypomyelination was detected on brain MRI. Complete exome sequencing detected a novel likely pathogenic variant of PLP1 gene: ChrX(GRCh37):NC_000023.10:g.103041651del:NM _000533.3:c449del, p.Asp150AlafsTer10, heterozygous. Conclusions: The patient’s case resembles a milder form of PMD. This is supported by literature linking deletions and female sex to milder phenotypes. In 20 to 40% of cases with suggestive clinical findings, no PLP1 mutation is found. New studies are needed to identify other variants associated with PMD.
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Cai, Shanqing, Lisie Lillianfeld, Katie Seaver, Jordan R. Green, Michael P. Brenner, Philip C. Nelson, and D. Sculley. "A Voice-Activated Switch for Persons with Motor and Speech Impairments: Isolated-Vowel Spotting Using Neural Networks." In Interspeech 2021. ISCA: ISCA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2021-330.

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Reports on the topic "Speech and Motor Impairment"

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Pulugurtha, Srinivas S., Sarvani Duvvuri, and Sonu Mathew. Risk Factors Associated with Crash Injury Severity Involving Trucks. Mineta Transportation Institute, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2117.

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Nearly 499,000 motor vehicle crashes involving trucks were reported across the United States in 2018, out of which 22% resulted in fatalities and injuries. Given the growing economy and demand for trucking in the future, it is crucial to identify the risk factors to understand where, when, and why the likelihood of getting involved in a severe or moderate injury crash with a truck is higher. This research, therefore, focuses on capturing and exploring risk factors associated with surrounding land use and demographic characteristics in addition to crash, driver, and on-network characteristics by modeling injury severity of crashes involving trucks. Crash data for Mecklenburg County in North Carolina from 2013 to 2017 was used to develop partial proportionality odds model and identify risk factors influencing injury severity of crashes involving trucks. The findings from this research indicate that dark lighting condition, inclement weather condition, the presence of double yellow or no-passing zone, road sections with speed limit >40 mph and curves, and driver fatigue, impairment, and inattention have a significant influence on injury severity of crashes involving trucks. These outcomes indicate the need for effective geometric design and improved visibility to reduce the injury severity of crashes involving trucks. The likelihood of getting involved in a crash with a truck is also high in areas with high employment, government, light commercial, and light industrial land uses. The findings can be used to proactively plan and prioritize the allocation of resources to improve safety of transportation system users in these areas.
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Alharthi, Hanadi, and Muneera Almurdi. Association between cognitive impairment and motor dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis: A cross-sectional study. Peeref, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54985/peeref.2306p9886438.

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Tang, Xian, Yamei Feng, Yuan Xing, Jun Xing, and Shujuan Tian. Treatment of Cathodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on upper extremity motor impairment of Patients after stroke:A Systematic Review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.5.0061.

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Luo, Xiaqin, and Luyao Chen. Speech and language features applied to the identification of patients with cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.3.0022.

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LI, Na, Xia AI, Xinrong Guo, Juan Liu, Rongchao Zhang, and Ruihui Wang. Effect of acupuncture treatment on cognitive impairment after traumatic brain injury in adults: A systematic review protocol. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.11.0113.

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Review question / Objective: Are acupuncture more effective than control interventions (i.e. treatment as sham acupuncture or placebo) in the treatment of motor and cognitive impairment after traumatic brain injury in adults? Information sources: search database:The following electronic databases will be searched for relevant literature: the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Springer, the Chinese Science Citation Database (CSCD), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM),Wanfang, and. the Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP). Time limit: the searches will be conducted from the inception of each database to November 30, 2021. Protocol of Systematic review and Meta analysis of acupuncture in the treatment of cognitive impairment after traumatic brain injury and the included literatures were all RCTS with English and Chinese on language.
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Gutierrez-Arias, Ruvistay, Camila González-Mondaca, Vinka Marinkovic-Riffo, Marietta Ortiz-Puebla, Fernanda Paillán-Reyes, and Pamela Seron. Considerations for ensuring safety during telerehabilitation of people with stroke. A protocol for a scoping review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.9.0104.

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Review question / Objective: To summarise measures or aspects targeted at reducing the incidence of adverse events during the delivery of exercise interventions through telerehabilitation in patients after stroke. Background: The sequelae in people with stroke are diverse. Regarding physical function post-stroke, functional impairment of the upper and lower extremities is common, which may be due to weakness or paralysis, sensory loss, spasticity, and abnormal motor synergies. In addition, a near 15% prevalence of sarcopenia has been found in people with stroke. Gait impairment has been observed in a high percentage of people with stroke, a dysfunction that may persist despite rehabilitation. More than 50% of people with stroke may experience limitations in activities such as shopping, housework, and difficulty reintegrating into community life within 6 months. These restrictions can result in a diminished health-related quality of life.
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WU, Jingyi, Jiaqi LI, Ananda Sidarta, and Patrick Wai Hang Kwong. Neural mechanisms of bimanual coordination in humans and application of neuromodulation therapy: a scoping review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.5.0080.

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Background: Bimanual coordination deficits are one of the most common characteristics of people with stroke, which have an adverse influence on their independence of activities daily living and other occupational activities. Existing studies and reviews mainly focused on how to improve motor impairment of the affected limb and cortical activation and functional connectivity in the impaired brain hemisphere by a series of rehabilitation strategies, e.g., non-invasive brain stimulation and rehabilitation robotics. It should be noted that functional bilateral abilities are not a simple compound and a combination of one-handed skills. Therefore, the bimanual coordination dysfunctions still need to be explored and addressed in clinical practice. Better understandings of the neural mechanisms underlying bilateral cooperative tasks in healthy subjects and changes in neural activities in stroke patients help foster the development of effective rehabilitation strategies, such as TMS and tDCS, and enhance the bimanual coordination through stimulating altered cortical areas, which is essential for boosting the independence and quality of daily life in stroke individuals.
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Early speech sound disorder alone confers a low risk on reading difficulties. Acamh, October 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.13056/acamh.10542.

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Early speech sound disorder (SSD) combined with other risk factors, such as language impairment (LI) and dyslexia, can have negative consequences on literacy development, according to new research from Marianna Hayiou-Thomas and colleagues.
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