Journal articles on the topic 'Speculation Case studies'
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Bhattacharyya, Debjani. "Speculation." Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 40, no. 1 (May 1, 2020): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/1089201x-8186038.
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Abstract From the beginning of the twentieth century, new urban housing forms, including social housing, land pooling, and building syndicates, began to emerge as products of housing rights and labor movements. Yet this emergence cannot simply be accounted for by a history of workers' rights and housing movements but must also take into consideration the political economy of land and housing created by new forms of real estate speculation. This article situates the history of urban speculation and the new fiduciary innovations pertaining to urban land and housing markets within the scholarship on the development of architectural and town-planning theories during the early decades of the twentieth century. Focusing on Calcutta and Bombay—two central cities of the British Empire—as case studies, I will trace the history of how the housing market became a tradeable object of speculation through colonial policies that disentangled housing from its singular history and abstracted it out of its nonmonetizable attachments. Indeed, it is by understanding how the land and housing market became a site for future investments and ultimately was structured through new social relations and values following World War I that we might get a fuller understanding of how we arrived at our contemporary “residential capitalism” and landscapes of accumulation and homelessness.
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Deacon, Leith, Kristof Van Assche, Jacob Papineau, and Monica Gruezmacher. "Speculation, planning, and resilience: Case studies from resource-based communities in Western Canada." Futures 104 (December 2018): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2018.06.008.
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Reed, Sada, and Guy Harrison. "“Insider Dope” and NBA Trade Coverage: A Case Study on Unnamed Sourcing in Sport Journalism." International Journal of Sport Communication 12, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 419–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsc.2019-0012.
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Past research has examined the use of anonymous sources in news content and its impact on perceived credibility. Studies applying these theories in the context of sport media consumption, however, are scant and outdated. This matters because sport media is consumed for different reasons from news and has a historically symbiotic relationship with the people and events it covers. The current case study explores sources in National Basketball Association (NBA) trade stories in both national news and sport-specific publications. The study found that about 82% of trade speculation was not credited to a source. Unnamed and named sources’ trade predictions were cross-referenced with the NBA transaction log to determine if the trades actually manifested before the trade deadline. Neither sources predicted trades well: Of the 95 unsourced, speculated trades, 14 actually took place. Of the 20 sourced speculations, four took place. There was no statistically significant difference between how well named and unnamed sources predicted trades.
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Forges Davanzati, Guglielmo, Andrea Pacella, and Angelo Salento. "Financialisation in context: the case of Italy." Cambridge Journal of Economics 43, no. 4 (June 5, 2019): 917–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cje/bez019.
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AbstractThis paper aims at analysing the causes and effects of increasing financial accumulation by Italian firms, within a radical Institutional theoretical framework. It will be argued that financialisation can be imputed to the fact that the biggest Italian companies aim to increase their profits through speculation after the cycle of class struggle of the 1970s. It will also be shown that financial accumulation has contributed to the reduction of economic growth and to the increase of income inequalities. Since very few research studies have dealt with the Italian case, this paper fills a gap.
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BUGYIS, KATIE ANN-MARIE. "The Author of the Life of Christina of Markyate: The Case for Robert de Gorron (d. 1166)." Journal of Ecclesiastical History 68, no. 4 (May 17, 2017): 719–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022046916002815.
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The authorship of the Life of the twelfth-century English holy woman, Christina of Markyate (c. 1096–after 1155), has inspired considerable scholarly speculation. Though the writer never once positively identifies himself in extant versions of the text, oblique references locate his activity at the Benedictine monastery of St Albans in Hertfordshire during the 1130s under the patronage of the reigning abbot, Geoffrey de Gorron (1119–46), and intimate the close connections that he enjoyed with his narrative's subjects. Building on these references, and incorporating clues from related sources from St Albans and Markyate, this article reconstructs the likeliest candidate for authorship – Robert de Gorron (d. 1166), Geoffrey's nephew, appointed sacristan and later abbatial successor – and assesses his eligibility.
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Lees-Haley, Paul R. "Methodology in Epidemiological Studies of Human Neurobehavioral Toxicity: A Case Study with Critical Review." Psychological Reports 86, no. 1 (February 2000): 85–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2000.86.1.85.
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Health care professionals and government decision makers concerned with neurotoxicity increasingly rely on neuropsychological research studies. An example is an article relied upon by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency that reported effects on neurobehavioral performance in a group of factory workers exposed to toluene by Foo, Jeyaratnam, and Koh in 1990, which is described as lacking reliability and as having implausible contents. A critical review can serve as an educational tool for neuropsychologists, to emphasize the need to design and document their research and interpret findings without speculation. For example, in the Foo, et al. study the implications of the findings for the general population cannot be interpreted. To conclude that this study has identified toluene as the cause of neurobehavioral deficits is a leap of inference far exceeding the power in their study. The review underscores the need for more critical reviews of research relied upon by decision makers and researchers.
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Lee, Tatia M. C., Crystal C. Y. Cheung, Esther Y. Y. Lau, Amanda Mak, and Leonard S. W. Li. "Cognitive and Emotional Dysfunction after Central Pontine Myelinolysis." Behavioural Neurology 14, no. 3-4 (2003): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2003/872916.
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The case of a 67-year-old right-handed Chinese man with Central Pontine Myelinolysis [CPM] is described to illustrate the resulting cognitive and emotional disturbances. A comparison of the data in this report with that in published studies suggests that ethnicity does not seem to have much effect on the symptoms of CPM. Possible underlying neural-pathological mechanisms are discussed. This case further substantiates the speculation that the brainstem plays a role in higher cognitive processes and emotional regulation.
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Inzulza-Contardo, Jorge, and Paulina Gatica-Araya. "Subsidiary displacement and empty plots: Dilemmas of original residents and newcomers in the reconstruction of Talca, Chile 2010–2016." Urban Studies 56, no. 10 (September 24, 2018): 2040–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098018787967.
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Throughout history people have been affected by disaster events such as earthquakes, tsunamis, floods and landslides, with devastating effects for cities and towns around the world. Since the 1990s, post-disaster reconstruction has often been seen as an opportunity to invest in new projects following market forces and property speculation rather than for implementing rehabilitation strategies to address physical, social and psychological effects. Housing subsidies provided by the government seem to be a new issue creating more social disparity in the case of Talca, Chile after the 2010 magnitude 8.8 earthquake. This paper explores the contemporary urban landscape of this intermediate city, shaped between 2010 and 2016, which shows a great number of empty plots being filled by gated community typologies. By using ethnography and semi-structured interviews of residents from four historic neighbourhoods, the results show key patterns of physical and social change such as displacement of original residents by newcomers and lack of social cohesion along with tensions among them. The case of the Talca, Chile reconstruction is educational for understanding the ways in which many inner cities are affected by reconstruction policies with property speculation and gentrification effects. This paper concludes with the criteria that are being applied to redesign historic neighbourhoods and provides reflections for improving urban planning mechanisms to include both original residents and newcomers who are sharing these historic neighbourhoods.
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Jafari, Hamid, Anna Nyberg, and Per Hilletofth. "Postponement and logistics flexibility in retailing: a multiple case study from Sweden." Industrial Management & Data Systems 116, no. 3 (April 11, 2016): 445–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-06-2015-0257.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore how postponement is applied in retailing and how such application is connected to logistics flexibility. Design/methodology/approach – An overview of the established typological classifications of postponement and logistics flexibility is presented followed by empirical results from three case studies of retailers of electronics, furniture, and grocery in Sweden. The study relies on primary qualitative data gathered on the retailers as well as secondary material on some suppliers including logistics providers for further insight. Findings – The results of the study show that retailers have different practices when it comes to postponement and speculation; however, there is a growing tendency toward postponement among retailers by exploring new means of applying postponement. The results reveal that retailers that have higher application of postponement seem to be more flexible in their logistics operations. Research limitations/implications – The paper provides direction for further empirical research of the topic, by indicating the application of postponement is not constrained to the point of purchase and could be extended by involving consumers as well as capitalizing on suppliers’ competences and capabilities. Especially, sales services, software, and upgrades could provide opportunity for further expanding the concept. Originality/value – The paper contributes to the existing literature on logistics practices of postponement and speculation, as well as logistics flexibility by focussing on retail firms in Sweden. Most of the prior scholarly work on postponement and flexibility is on the manufacturing context.
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Yang, Myungji. "The rise of ‘Gangnam style’: Manufacturing the urban middle class in Seoul, 1976–1996." Urban Studies 55, no. 15 (February 7, 2018): 3404–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098017748092.
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Focusing on the case of urban development in Gangnam, this article explores how middle-class identity based on residence in apartment complexes was created in South Korea beginning in the late 1970s. I argue that state policy, speculation, and exclusion were key ingredients in the making of the middle class in Gangnam. Many white-collar families became apartment owners through a government-subsidised apartment lottery programme, and subsequently climbed the economic ladder more rapidly than others because of skyrocketing housing prices. Their rise to middle-class status, facilitated by chance and furthered by their willingness to engage in real estate speculation, was seen by many as illegitimate. In the face of scepticism about their status, Gangnam residents strived to cultivate cultured, modernised, and Westernised middle-class lifestyles so as to distinguish themselves from non-Gangnam residents and justify their economic success. This paper emphasises the dialectical process – both top-down and bottom-up – of middle class formation during the Gangnam boom. Based on a year of field research conducted in Korea, I analyse the lives and experiences of the middle class and their strategies for upward social mobility in the housing market.
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Inam, Aseem. "Fits-and-Starts: The Changing Nature of the Material City." Urban Planning 7, no. 1 (January 11, 2022): 56–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v7i1.4501.
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How and why does the material city in the late 20th and early 21st century change? This article examines one type of prominent urban change, which is “fits-and-starts” and represents change that is concentrated in space and time and that nonetheless has longer term repercussions with high economic and environmental costs. Through a review of the literature and an illuminating case study in Las Vegas, this article reveals how human perception and decision-making via two interrelated phenomena, future speculation and manufactured obsolescence, drive such change. The case study in Las Vegas is particularly fascinating because as a city of apparent extremes, it not only reveals in clear relief phenomena that are present in the capitalist city but it also offers insights into basic patterns of decision-making that actually shape—or design—the contemporary city. The article concludes with more general insights into the nature of this type of urban change and implications for alternative types of urban practices.
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Moore, Steven A., and Barbara B. Wilson. "Contested Construction of Green Building Codes in North America: The Case of the Alley Flat Initiative." Urban Studies 46, no. 12 (October 16, 2009): 2617–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098009346327.
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Building codes are both an index of social values and a strategy to enforce those values. On these grounds an examination is made of the emergence of green building codes in North America as a category of building codes that is particularly important for sustainable development. The classical definition of sustainability proposes that multiple, competing frames of interpretation—economic development, environmental protection and social equity—can, in theory, be balanced. It is found, however, that in practice equity is generally ignored. Through historical and theoretical investigation, it is hypothesised that codes which are successful in incorporating equity as a criterion emerge from public talk and social learning, not abstract speculation. The paper concludes by articulating a change-oriented research design for an ongoing project to test this hypothesis.
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Linder, Peter S. "“An Immoral Speculation:” Indian Forced Labor on the Haciendas of Venezuela's Sur Del Lago Zuliano, 1880-1936." Americas 56, no. 2 (October 1999): 191–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1008112.
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On 15 August 1880, the Venezuelan military governor of the Venezuelan Territorio Federal de la Guajira complained to the president of the state of Zulia that a woman from the town of Sinamaica had recently taken a young Indian woman to Maracaibo for a visit. She then sold the girl to the owner of an hacienda south of Lake Maracaibo. The girl turned out to be the niece of a powerful leader of the Uriana lineage or clan of the Guayú, or Guajiro Indians, known to Creoles as “Jullachipar” or “Juya Chipara.” He threatened to attack nearby Venezuelan settlements unless she was returned. State authorities undertook an urgent search for the girl. She eventually reappeared on an hacienda near Encontrados, south of Lake Maracaibo. She was returned to her family. The man who purchased her was jailed in Maracaibo, as was her abductor, but the ultimate disposition of the case remains obscure.
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Pandya, Jigar V., and Vikram M. Patel. "Evaluating Critical Factors Impacting Real Estate Development Decisions." Real Estate Management and Valuation 28, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 112–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/remav-2020-0010.
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AbstractWe find that critical factors affecting real estate project decisions can vary while market changes in the city of Ahmedabad have led to the majority of landmark buildings facing obsolesce, redevelopment and spatial redundancy. Case studies can assist in data collection in the cultural context and accommodate indirect observations of the variables analyzed in the early stages of research (Teegavarapu & Summers, 2008; Rowley, 2002). Decisions have led to capital losses for some, while bringing about profitable opportunities for developers who take timely risks.We also find that the land pooling technique used by the State in city development has successfully promoted land banking for public purpose but has also contributed to speculative land price appreciation. AHP rankings show that the surveyed practicing developers prioritized location factors such as neighborhood character and availability of land above land use zones and land auctions. Among project factors, FAR (Floor Area Ratio), abutting road width and road frontage of the land ranked higher compared to building design. In the professional practice category, the availability of finance, the timing of project announcement and past project experience of the developers ranked higher compared to brand value and speculation.
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Claver, Juan, Amabel García-Domínguez, and Miguel A. Sebastián. "Multicriteria Decision Tool for Sustainable Reuse of Industrial Heritage into Its Urban and Social Environment. Case Studies." Sustainability 12, no. 18 (September 10, 2020): 7430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187430.
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Most of industrial heritage assets need new activities to ensure their survival. In addition, the collection of assets is very broad, many of their locations have now become central and are targets for speculation, and the nature of these sites displays great specialization. Consequently, processes for reusing these assets are necessary to conserve them, but they risk destroying features whose value has been inadequately identified. This work faces this multicriteria problem by adapting the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to create two independent criteria structures, one for heritage valuation and another for analyzing the spatial compatibility with new uses, and then connecting them considering the relations between criteria of both structures and the relevance of the heritage aspects involved. All this to select those activities that cause minimal harm to the heritage value to be conserved. This work analyses three case studies to evaluate the performance of a tool based on an adaptation of AHP. The results are exposed and some application guidelines are provided, since doubts in the way to applying and interpreting the criteria are in practice a common problem of this type of approaches and that is rarely addressed. Thus, this work shows the potential of the proposed tool as a resource for sustainable urban development strategies.
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Stafford, John K. "The Call Of Nathanael. John 1:49. A Rhetorical-Theological Study." Perichoresis 11, no. 2 (December 1, 2013): 50–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/perc-2013-0010.
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ABSTRACT Historicist approaches to the reading of sacred texts, rapidly attain a point where further research produces diminishing returns, resulting in more historical speculation rather than less. This is the opposite of the desired result. The cause of this impasse lies in a failure to discern the rhetorical techniques of the author as a basic reading strategy. Similarly, it is necessary to discern that the author has already made key determinations as to historicity. What is now required of the reader is a deepened appreciation of the intentional theological, ontological and existential implications of the narrative. This paper examines how a literary/rhetorical approach may yield positive results in the case of the call of Nathanael, a narrative fragment that poses intriguing critical questions, both theological and Christological. The results suggest a dominical encounter that supplies the reader with pre-emptive eschatological intensity through deliberate juxtaposition of Nathanael’s disbelief and Jesus’ selfawareness held together in a matrix of scriptural fulfilment
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Frisio, Dario Gianfranco, Giovanni Ferrazzi, and Federico Tesser. "La coopetizione: un modello strategico per le imprese agroalimentari? Il caso del comparto ortofrutticolo lombardo." ECONOMIA AGRO-ALIMENTARE, no. 1 (May 2012): 295–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/ecag2012-001014.
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The presence of hybrids in the agribusiness system as well as the growing interest showed by the economic side of businesses prompt speculation about the present role of such coordinating structures in agribusiness. Numerous studies have addressed separately on competition and on cooperation. In recent years this dichotomic perspective of reality was joined by an interpretation focused on the study of new strategic behaviours characterized by the simultaneous presence of cooperative and competitive attitudes, indicated by the neologism coopetition. Aim of this work is to verify the presence of coopetitive behaviours in the horticultural sector, chosen as a case study and to define the driving forces of these strategic models.
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Hayali, Ayca Sarialioglu. "The Role of Financial Derivative Instruments in the Emerging Market Financial Crises of the Late 1990s: The Mexican Case." Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos 30, no. 2 (2014): 479–521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/msem.2014.30.2.479.
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Although derivatives were developed for the treatment of some diseases, such as risks and volatilities, ironically, as experienced in the 1990s, they, themselves, created them as sometimes “adverse effects” of hedging or with deliberately harmful purposes of speculation. This paper aims to analyze the role of financial derivatives in the emerging markets financial crises of the 1990s. In this regard, it deals with the Mexican case through a VAR-GARCH approach. The paper found that financial derivatives had an increasing impact on the currency crises of Mexico. This was an immediate destabilizing effect on the volatility of the spot exchange rates. Si bien los derivados fueron desarrollados para tratar ciertas enfermedades como los riesgos y la volatilidad, irónicamente, como se vivió en la década de 1990, ellos mismos crearon en ocasiones esos problemas como “efectos secundarios” de la cobertura, o bien, con intenciones deliberadamente dañinas de especulación. Este artículo busca analizar el rol de los derivados financieros en las crisis de los noventa dentro de los mercados emergentes. Así pues, se trata el caso mexicano mediante un enfoque VaR-GARCH. El artículo encuentra que los derivados financieros tuvieron un impacto creciente en las crisis monetarias de México. Éste fue un efecto desestabilizador inmediato sobre la volatilidad de las tasas de cambio al contado.
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González-Torres, Rolando. "ALTERNATIVE OUTLINES OF IMMIGRATION: A CASE OF REPOPULATION OF EXISTING ABANDONED SPANISH TOWNS." Journal of Architecture and Urbanism 40, no. 1 (April 6, 2016): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20297955.2016.1150221.
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One of the most sensitive tragic situations today, in regards to human relations in Europe is the illegal immigrants’ issue. But it is no longer mainly a subject of borders’ transgression, obsolete sovereignties, or labor-hand marketing. Huge population masses without fixed course are driven by different urgent motives from their countries of origin – North Africa, sub-Saharan Africa, Middle East, Eastern Europe,– they have no choice but to move in search of places to settle and provide a decent home for their families. In the form of another drama in this case of heritage and environment, some old rural villages of Spain – as there are in other southern European countries – have been completely abandoned and their current status, in ruins, results of the economic, political and urban trends of the past 75 years. Connecting these issues, it could be considered a promising future for those homeless families as well as for those dying towns through integrated solutions of mutual benefit. This research examines the resurgence of human being’s value over any other concept of relative temporarily value, and where a town’s roots are more important than any commercial interest and real estate speculation.
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Goode, Peter. "World trends and innovations in production asset management—case studies from Australia and North America." APPEA Journal 50, no. 2 (2010): 689. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj09053.
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Australia is transitioning to become an energy superpower—the $43 billion Gorgon LNG project and the other comparably sized projects lining up behind the Gorgon project confirm this. There are predictions that around $80 billion of CAPEX on LNG projects will be approved for expenditure for the 2010 financial year with much more to be invested in the following years. And, we are on the cusp of further coal seam gas developments in Queensland, which could see annual production rise from 130 to more than 3,000 petajoules per annum once the infrastructure is in place. What are the skills needed to realise the true potential of these investments? An appropriate asset management plan is key. Asset management is more than the provision of maintenance services—it is about developing a systematic approach to managing an asset during its life and achieving the outputs required by the owner of the asset. Program and project management of brownfield capital works, maintenance services and infrastructure projects are also essential technical capabilities to help meet the demand of the burgeoning LNG and coal seam gas industries. These skills will determine who can deliver on schedule, or ahead of it. The other key capability will be mobilising, managing and retaining people. There is speculation that the Queensland coal seam gas industry alone will generate approximately 12,000 jobs. The industry needs to be prepared to be innovative in engaging, training and upskilling people. As the only true global resources and industrial provider in Australia, Transfield Services will share its key learnings on effectively managing assets, projects and people from its work with clients including Canada’s largest energy company, Suncor Energy.
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Schattschneider, David A. "A 250-Year-Old Mystery: the Disappearance of Johann Christian Erhardt in Labrador." Journal of Moravian History 2, no. 1 (2007): 76–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/41179826.
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Abstract The Moravian mission to Labrador began in 1752, but quickly stalled with the disappearance of one of the missionaries, Johann Christian Erhardt, and six companions while on a trading venture with some Labrador Inuit in September of that year. Erhardt's disappearance has never been fully explained, although several theories involving accident and murder have been proposed. Mission efforts ceased there for almost twenty years until 1771, and have continued ever since. The author examines the evidence and speculation surrounding Erhardt's disappearance in light of the political climate at the time and the changing stance of the Moravian Church towards linking trade with mission. Initially, Zinzendorf had advised against any practice which may bring mission work under moral scrutiny, such as forging political alliances or linking commerce with mission. After his death, however, the position of the church changed. The mystery surrounding Erhardt's disappearance serves as an interesting case study of these ethical dilemmas.
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Žajdlíková, Barbora, Josef Šach, Marta Ježová, Daniela Vysloužilová, Johana Glezgová, Pavel Diblík, Jarmila Heissigerová, et al. "Uveal Melanoma In A 15-Year-Old Girl. Case Report." Czech and Slovak Ophthalmology 77, no. 2 (May 1, 2021): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.31348/2021/13.
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Uveal melanoma is the most common intraocular tumour in adults, it is a form of cancer that affects mostly older adults, as the average age at detection of this tumour is 60 years, but it can occur in any age group with no significant gender difference. However, uveal melanoma is very rare in children compared to the adult population, accounting for 1 % of all cases. In pediatric patients, malignant uveal melanoma is more frequently manifested during puberty, leading to speculation of an association between uveal melanoma and growth hormone levels. Prognostic factors for uveal melanoma include tumour histology, chromosomal abnormalities, tumour size, extrascleral spread and tumour location. Risk factors for uveal melanoma include melanocytosis, neurofibromatosis type 1 and dysplastic naevus syndrome. Some studies point to a significantly lower risk of developing metastases in younger patients, but the prognosis of uveal melanoma in children is not yet fully known. Clinical signs and treatment options for malignant uveal melanoma in children are still under discussion. Differential diagnosis of uveal lesions in children can sometimes be very difficult, as evidenced by following case report in which authors describe a case of choroidal melanoma in a 15-year-old girl.
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Morgan, C., J. Kirkbride, G. Hutchinson, T. Craig, K. Morgan, P. Dazzan, J. Boydell, et al. "Cumulative social disadvantage, ethnicity and first-episode psychosis: a case-control study." Psychological Medicine 38, no. 12 (November 10, 2008): 1701–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291708004534.
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BackgroundNumerous studies have reported high rates of psychosis in the Black Caribbean population in the UK. Recent speculation about the reasons for these high rates has focused on social factors. However, there have been few empirical studies. We sought to compare the prevalence of specific indicators of social disadvantage and isolation, and variations by ethnicity, in subjects with a first episode of psychosis and a series of healthy controls.MethodAll cases with a first episode of psychosis who made contact with psychiatric services in defined catchment areas in London and Nottingham, UK and a series of community controls were recruited over a 3-year period. Data relating to clinical and social variables were collected from cases and controls.ResultsOn all indicators, cases were more socially disadvantaged and isolated than controls, after controlling for potential confounders. These associations held when the sample was restricted to those with an affective diagnosis and to those with a short prodrome and short duration of untreated psychosis. There was a clear linear relationship between concentrated disadvantage and odds of psychosis. Similar patterns were evident in the two main ethnic groups, White British and Black Caribbean. However, indicators of social disadvantage and isolation were more common in Black Caribbean subjects than White British subjects.ConclusionsWe found strong associations between indicators of disadvantage and psychosis. If these variables index exposure to factors that increase risk of psychosis, their greater prevalence in the Black Caribbean population may contribute to the reported high rates of psychosis in this population.
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Welch, A., S. Sachdeva, C. Chung, and A. Alao. "Medicating Malingerers: A Case Study of Feigned Sickle Cell Disease." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (January 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)71228-3.
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Speculation exists that bone pain crises among sickle cell disease (SCD) patients are not adequately treated. We counter this assertion with the case of a 17 year-old African American woman receiving narcotics while malingering SCD.There are various complications of SCD with the most common resulting from ischemia of the bone marrow. While depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder have been described, psychiatric complications are not well documented in SCD.A 17 year old African American female entered the emergency room (ER) with right tibia and fibula fractures. She admitted to having SCD with bone pain crises previously treated with Ketorolac and Meperidine.On this occasion, radiological studies did not confirm sickle cell changes. A subsequent immunoglobulin electrophoresis came back hemoglobin AA. After the patient received notification she did not have SCD, she attempted to leave against medical advice. Her fractures were treated and she was discharged.DSM IV defines malingering as “the intentional production of false or grossly exaggerated physical or psychological symptoms”. One previous report of malingering sickle cell crises exists.1 This case demonstrates that the motivation to gain narcotic analgesics is a determining factor for malingering vis-à-vis factitious disorder, in which the primary goal is to assume the sick role.1Clinicians may assume the validity of a self-reported SCD history. In this case, ER physicians prescribed narcotics without objective evidence of SCD pathology. We suggest verification of SCD diagnosis in order to prevent unnecessary prescription of narcotics.
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Yates, Donna, and Simon Mackenzie. "Heritage, Crisis, and Community Crime Prevention in Nepal." International Journal of Cultural Property 25, no. 2 (May 2018): 203–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739118000140.
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Abstract:Following Nepal’s 2015 earthquake, there was speculation that sacred art would be looted from the ruins of severely damaged temples due to a breakdown in formal security. Although pillage did not immediately occur, the months following the earthquake have seen the theft of sacred heritage items. As Nepali sacred art remains under threat of theft, we explore the processes by which government intervention can be destructive of the community dynamic that maintains local crime prevention on an informal and unofficial level. Based on fieldwork conducted in Nepal shortly before and after the earthquake, we ask: can situational crime prevention measures, when imposed in a top-down fashion upon communities by state actors, be corrosive of collective efficacy and, therefore, ultimately self-defeating in crime prevention terms? The case of post-quake Nepal seems to suggest that the answer to this question is, in some circumstances, yes.
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Tarrier, Nicholas, and Rachel Calam. "NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN COGNITIVE-BEHAVIOURAL CASE FORMULATION. EPIDEMIOLOGICAL, SYSTEMIC AND SOCIAL CONTEXT: AN INTEGRATIVE APPROACH." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 30, no. 3 (July 2002): 311–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465802003065.
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The historical origins of the case formulation approach to assessment and treatment are described and its role in clinical practice and research discussed. It is argued that treatment based on individual case formulations should not be precluded from clinical trials. The empirical evidence for the reliability and efficacy of case formulation is reviewed. The evidence that an idiosyncratic case formulation approach to treatment has any advantage over a standard protocol is equivocal; however, the studies that have been carried out are under powered and potentially suffer from a Type II error. The standard procedure for case formulation is briefly described and the argument advanced that this method of clinical assessment should be soundly based upon empirical evidence and hypothesis testing and not on speculation. Three modifications are suggested to the current practice of case formulation. These are: 1) the conceptualization of dysfunctional systems in the maintenance of clinical problems; 2) the historical background of a clinical problem should be described in terms of vulnerabilities and epidemiological evidence-base; and 3) the pivotal role of social behaviour and context should be emphasized and accommodated in a formulation. The advantages of a case formulation, in providing an understanding of the maintenance of clinical problems, in providing an integrated approach to intervention are outlined.
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LaCugna, C. M. "Re-conceiving the Trinity as the Mystery of Salvation." Scottish Journal of Theology 38, no. 1 (February 1985): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0036930600041594.
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We began by wondering what it might mean to speak of the immanent and economic threefoldness of God. Rahner's axiom provided leverage on the problem by showing that trinitarian theology is meant above all to be a truth about the mystery of salvation. That is, it is a way of both narrating and conceiving the God who saves and the God who saves.The correspondence between these two emphases presented a hermeneutical problem at two methodological levels, and so the second step was to examine the meaning of the copula in Rahner's axiom in order to decide how we might (a) link up our narrative of God's history with us with God's inner history, and, having answered that, how we might (b) link up our speculation about God's ‘inner’ life with the divine reality. We replied in the case of (a) that the axiom legislates speaking of God by drafting an equivalence between the temporal history of God-with-us and the eternal history of God, and vice versa: the economic trinity is the immanent trinity, and vice versa. In the case of (b) and building on the answer to (a), we proposed an understanding of the trinity as a theological model. The model (trinity of relations) is related to the ‘modeled’ (God-in-relation) both heuristically and ontologically. The theological model of trinity therefore must incorporate imagistic as well as discursive, indirect as well as direct modes of discourse.Finally, we indicated some of the theological and methodological consequences of understanding God as being the ‘God for us’, and of re-conceiving the doctrine of the trinity to be a theological model of salvation.
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ZANGER, P., W. HABSCHEID, P. G. KREMSNER, and H. H. DAHM. "Schistosoma japonicum infection and rectal carcinoid tumour: underreported coincidence or neglected association?" Epidemiology and Infection 138, no. 9 (January 8, 2010): 1289–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095026880999152x.
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SUMMARYSchistosoma japonicum infection associated with a rectal carcinoid in an asymptomatic 44-year-old female from the Philippines is described. A systematic review of the literature could not identify similar reports, suggesting a rare coincidence. However, epidemiological data on the frequency of both conditions as well as published results of a colorectal screening programme from China indicate that underreporting of this concurrence is likely. Moreover, several studies suggest a causal link between schistosomiasis caused by S. japonicum and more common gastrointestinal malignancies such as colorectal carcinoma. Hence the presented case and the apparent neglect of this observation in the current literature allow speculation on a role of S. japonicum in the pathogenesis of rare gastrointestinal neoplasms such as carcinoid tumours as well. Future reports on similar observations could help to determine the need for systematic investigations and are strongly encouraged.
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Seeger, Sean, and Daniel Davison-Vecchione. "Dystopian literature and the sociological imagination." Thesis Eleven 155, no. 1 (November 16, 2019): 45–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0725513619888664.
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This article argues that sociologists have much to gain from a fuller engagement with dystopian literature. This is because (i) the speculation in dystopian literature tends to be more grounded in empirical social reality than in the case of utopian literature, and (ii) the literary conventions of the dystopia more readily illustrate the relationship between the inner life of the individual and the greater whole of social-historical reality. These conventional features mean dystopian literature is especially attuned to how historically-conditioned social forces shape the inner life and personal experience of the individual, and how acts of individuals can, in turn, shape the social structures in which they are situated. In other words, dystopian literature is a potent exercise of what C. Wright Mills famously termed ‘the sociological imagination’.
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Guo, Yuxin, and Adrian Jit Hin Koh. "Needle Tract Seeding of Thyroid Follicular Carcinoma after Fine-Needle Aspiration." Case Reports in Otolaryngology 2020 (February 22, 2020): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7234864.
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Introduction. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsies are fundamental procedures in the diagnoses of thyroid tumours. Reports of needle tract tumour seeding, however, question its practice regarding patient safety and potentially jeopardizing its widespread usage. Case Report. We describe a case of a 50-year-old lady with known multinodular goitre, and previous fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsies of her thyroid nodules in 2010, who developed palpable right neck nodules 8 years after the initial FNA. Imaging and histological biopsies revealed suspicious right sternocleidomastoid (SCM) nodules that are likely needle tract tumour deposits. She underwent a total thyroidectomy with central compartment clearance and excision of the right SCM nodules and received radioactive iodine therapy thereafter. Discussion. Contrary to other forms of malignancies, needle tract seeding is an uncommon occurrence for thyroid cancers. Nevertheless, there is speculation regarding its potential in cutaneous spread of malignancy with studies investigating its optimal techniques and application. Conclusion. While FNA remains an indisputable tool in the management of thyroid tumours, precautions must be taken to safeguard patient safety and improve patient outcomes.
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Butler, Kevin. "A Hypothesis of Reading Instruction as a Cause of Dyslexia." Journal of Education and Learning 11, no. 2 (January 21, 2022): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jel.v11n2p54.
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Dyslexia is a reading disability affecting a large number of people worldwide. People with dyslexia have at least normal levels of intelligence, yet they nevertheless have significant difficulties with reading. Dyslexia is known to have genetic causes; however, some researchers believe that there are also environmental factors at play. Specifically, the way in which a child is taught to read can possibly influence whether or not that child ultimately ends up with dyslexia or other reading difficulties. This paper presents the hypothesis that the way a child is taught to read can be a major factor in the development of dyslexia. There has been speculation about this idea in previous literature, but that speculation has been based only on anecdotes and case studies; empirical research is added in this paper. This hypothesis is based on research showing that certain approaches to teaching reading can induce difficulties with phonetic skills (in other words, difficulty associating written letters with spoken sounds in a language that uses an alphabetic writing system) and fMRI-measurable brain patterns matching those of people with dyslexia. Additionally relevant is that those approaches are widespread in the English-speaking world—most specifically in the United States. Reading difficulties not related to phonetic skills would not be implicated in this hypothesis. The literature justifying this hypothesis is discussed, as well as the challenges to the hypothesis and a way that it can be tested. The importance of proposing this hypothesis is that if flawed reading instruction is indeed one primary cause of dyslexia, then reform in elementary schools is vital.
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Schnittker, Jason, Michael Massoglia, and Christopher Uggen. "INCARCERATION AND THE HEALTH OF THE AFRICAN AMERICAN COMMUNITY." Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race 8, no. 1 (2011): 133–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742058x11000026.
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AbstractThis article reviews evidence linking incarceration and health, with a particular focus on African Americans, who are disproportionately affected by the incarceration system. Although inmates generally suffer from worse health than comparable, non-institutionalized adults, this comparison is not uniformly the case, and some of the strongest negative effects of incarceration emerge after release, suggesting that the struggles of reintegration into society are as important as the conditions of incarceration. We review evidence for the basic relationship between incarceration and health from individual-level and aggregate-level studies, as well as from evidence and speculation regarding potential mediating mechanisms. Many questions remain regarding these mechanisms and, by extension, which policies are most promising for reducing incarceration's impact on health. Among other issues, the incarceration-health connection also raises fundamental questions regarding the level of harm society is willing to accept as part of routine punishment for criminal behavior.
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Broadhead, Alex. "The Romantics in Alternate History from Hawthorne to Clarke: Generic Edges and the Counterfactual Turn." Romanticism 24, no. 2 (July 2018): 203–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/rom.2018.0373.
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In 2009, Damian Walford Davies called for a counterfactual turn in Romantic studies, a move reflective of a wider growth of critical interest in the relationship between Romanticism and counterfactual historiography. In contrast to these more recent developments, the lives of the Romantics have provided a consistent source of speculation for authors of popular alternate history since the nineteenth century. Yet the aims of alternate history as a genre differ markedly from those of its more scholarly cousin, counterfactual historiography. How, then, might such works fit in to the proposed counterfactual turn? This article makes a case for the critical as well as the creative value of alternate histories featuring the Romantics. By exploring how these narratives differ from works of counterfactual historiography, it seeks to explain why the Romantics continue to inspire authors of alternate history and to illuminate the forking paths that Davies's counterfactual turn might take.
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Houlbrook, Ceri. "Ritual, Recycling and Recontextualization: Putting the Concealed Shoe into Context." Cambridge Archaeological Journal 23, no. 1 (February 2013): 99–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959774313000073.
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The concealed shoe is, possibly by design, shrouded in mystery. All that is known for certain on this subject is that a large number of shoes, usually old and damaged, were concealed in various, unconventional locations within buildings throughout England, and that this practice was particularly popular during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Other than these few facts, all other information on the subject is speculation. With no contemporaneous written sources on the practice of concealing shoes, this article will utilize the archaeological evidence in order to ascertain the motivations behind the act of concealment. An analysis of two case studies of concealed shoe caches from North Yorkshire, with a particular focus on their locations and conditions, will hopefully prove invaluable in the investigation into this unusual practice, together with an examination of the relevant folk beliefs and superstitions of the period. It will also be questioned where the concealed shoe stands in relation to our everyday classificatory systems. As a marginal, mutable object, the concealed shoe boasts a highly complex biography, calling into question the pertinence of such categories as valuable/rubbish, and particular attention will be given to the shoes’ numerous recontextualizations, from practical footwear, to apotropaic device, to archaeological artefact; transitions which I have dubbed ‘ritual recycling’.
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Zunshine, Lisa. "Who Is He to Speak of My Sorrow?" Poetics Today 41, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 223–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/03335372-8172542.
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This article suggests that comparative literature scholars may benefit from the awareness that different communities around the world subscribe to different models of mind and that works of fiction can thus be fruitfully analyzed in relation to those local ideologies of mind. Taking as her starting point the “opacity of mind” doctrine, found in the South Pacific and Melanesia, the author compares cultural practices originating in communities in which people think but do not talk publicly about others’ internal states, to those originating in communities in which people both think and talk about them, indeed, in which public speculation about other people’s intentions is (mostly) rewarded. While the immediate analysis centers on a very specific and limited set of case studies from English, Chinese, and Russian novels and Bosavi performance genres, the author’s larger goal is to begin to articulate opportunities and challenges of using research in theory of mind for the comparative study of literature.
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Fernandes, Adalberto. "The Problematic Scientificity of Psychology in the Media: How Mental Illness Coverage Could Lead to Criminality Prejudice." Tripodos, no. 52 (June 30, 2022): 71–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.51698/tripodos.2022.52p71-90.
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We analysed how psychologists in the media approached a recent case of mass murder “attempt” by a university student. Contrary to previous media studies focused on the relationship between crime and mental health, we do not take for granted the scientificity of psychology in order to understand how its trembling epistemic status affects its public discourse. The case was one of the first happening in Europe during the COVID-19 crisis, an event that is known for its impacts on mental health. Using Foucault’s genealogical-archaeological method we found that there was a prominent level of speculation that, dangerously, linked mental illness with criminal behaviour, especially when there was a lack of information about the student and his intentions. The pandemic context constituted a renewed opportunity for experts to talk about ‘collective mental illness’ in alarming terms. Interestingly, the experts presented naïve versions of the “magic bullet theory” to explain the power that media have on subjects with mental illness who engage in criminal behaviour. We also found that specialists proposed hypotheses that cannot be disproven, creating a dogmatic sense of a fearful inescapability from mental illness that can lead to criminal behaviour.
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Vernikov, A. V., and A. A. Kurysheva. "Household debt: An institutionalist perspective and empirical assessment." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 10 (October 9, 2022): 138–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2022-10-138-156.
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The paper deals with the empirical evidence on household borrowing behavior from an institutionalist perspective. Assuming close interconnections between the availability of credit and consumerist culture, we estimate the effects of precedence of consumption, status consumption, and “investment”-minded buying driven by debt pattern. We rely on official statistics on household debt, disposable income and spending since the early 2000s to 2020. The institution of precedence of consumption is measured through data on loans drawn by households, outstanding loans, loan payments, household consumption and disposable income. Corresponding metrics illustrate that debt-financed consumption has become a widespread scheme. Financialization rate is measured separately for retail sector and housing market. Households are becoming more dependent on loan payments, as we estimated for different income groups using the paymentto-income ratios. In case with car loans, these metrics serve as indirect evidence for the embeddedness of conspicuous motive. Evidence on housing loans suggests that “investment”-minded buying can hardly result in a short-term gain. Research findings show that the pattern of precedence of consumption feeds the socially induced motives of conspicuous waste and speculation. Causality can go the other way too. The novelty of our approach is that we integrate the discourse of financialization into the institutionalist perspective and combine the theoretical constructs of precedence of consumption, conspicuous waste and speculative motive, seen as the factors of debt dependence. We contribute to applied studies by introducing factual data on household debt and providing evidence of interplay between these factors. The research is relevant socially and economically in view of the connection between unsustainable household debt and consumerist culture.
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Suidarma, I. Made, Ni Wayan Tisya Widyari, I. Ketut Sudama, Ni Ketut Arniti, I. Dewa Nyoman Marsudiana, and I. Dewa Made Rai Mahaputra. "Analysis of the Determining Factors of Financial Distress (A Case Study at PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero)." International Business Research 15, no. 5 (April 18, 2022): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v15n5p21.
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Economic misery is a circumstance in which the debtor can not satisfy his/her duties to creditors after they fall due. economic distress is the country of the company experiencing economic problems and is threatened with financial ruin. The motive of this study become to decide the impact of Capital Adequacy Ratio (vehicle), Operational costs on working profits (BOPO), Non appearing Loans (NPL), loan to Deposite Ratio (LDR), and go back On belongings (ROA) on monetary distress. This studies changed into conducted at PT (restrained enterprise) bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. The number of samples is 32 with purposive sampling method. information became gathered using a documentation method, specifically through quarterly monetary document data from 2013-2020 posted at the monetary offerings Authority internet site, www.o.k.go.identity. The effects of speculation testing suggest that the Capital Adequacy Ratio (vehicle) variable has a positive impact on economic misery. Operational fees on running profits (BOPO) have a nice impact on economic distress. Non-appearing loan (NPL) has a terrible effect on financial misery. mortgage to deposit ratio (LDR) has a terrible impact on monetary distress. return on belongings (ROA) has a high quality impact on economic distress. therefore, Capital Adequacy Ratio (automobile), Operational price to operating profits (BOPO), Non acting mortgage (NPL), loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), and return On assets (ROA) simultaneously affect economic distress.
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Cumbers, Andrew, Danny Mackinnon, and Keith Chapman. "Innovation, Collaboration, and Learning in Regional Clusters: A Study of SMEs in the Aberdeen Oil Complex." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 35, no. 9 (September 2003): 1689–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a35259.
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Issues of regional innovation and learning have attracted growing interest from economic geographers and related specialists in recent years. The advantages to be gained from localised networks and learning are claimed to be particularly important for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in helping offset the size-related advantages of larger firms. Such claims are part of a wider rediscovery of the benefits of clustering and agglomeration in economic geography. Yet, to date, theoretical speculation about the renewed importance of geographical clustering for SMEs has run ahead of detailed empirical research. Beyond a few well-known case studies of high-technology clusters, there have been few attempts systematically to ‘test’ assertions made about the links between innovation, collaboration, and learning. The authors' purpose in this paper is to contribute new empirical evidence to this debate through a case study of SMEs in the Aberdeen oil complex. Although they find some evidence to support the role of localised forms of collaboration among the most innovative SMEs, the authors' results also indicate the importance of extralocal networks of knowledge transfer and the unequal power relations that underpin interfirm relations. These findings reinforce recent calls for a shift of focus from ‘regions’ to ‘networks’, raising some fundamental questions about the substantive basis of clusters policy.
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Sarafoglou, Nikias, Menas Kafatos, and John H. Beall. "Simultaneity in the Scientific Enterprise." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 9, no. 4 (April 14, 2022): 25–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.94.12113.
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In this article, we explore the concept of simultaneity in the scientific enterprise, defined herein as the near-coincident discovery of significant advances in the development of our scientific understanding of the world. We do this by examining two case studies of such coincident or near-coincident discoveries: the development of the so-called Lorentz transformation by H.A. Lorentz (1904) and A. Einstein (1905); and the Aharonov-Bohm effect discovered independently in chronological order by Franz(1939), Ehrenberg and Siday (1949) and Aharonov and Bohm (1959). It is now generally acknowledged that the Lorentz transformations were independently developed by both Lorentz and Einstein as they worked on different approaches to solve a similar problem – i.e., the preservation of the form of Maxwell's equations in coordinate systems moving relative to one another, while the relationship between the Ehrenberg-Siday and Aharonov-Bohm works is still controversial. In our view, these independent discoveries allow some speculation about the nature of human discovery and understanding of scientific truths as they progress through time.
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Molek-Kozakowska, Katarzyna. "Communicating environmental science beyond academia: Stylistic patterns of newsworthiness in popular science journalism." Discourse & Communication 11, no. 1 (January 6, 2017): 69–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1750481316683294.
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Science communication in online media is a discursive domain where science-related content is often expressed through styles characteristic of popular journalism. This article aims to characterize some dominant stylistic patterns in magazine articles devoted to environmental issues by identifying the devices used to enhance newsworthiness, given the fact that for some readers environmental topics may no longer seem engaging. The analytic perspective is an adaptation of the newsworthiness framework that has been applied in news discourse studies. The material is a sample of the 38 most-read environment-oriented articles in the online version of the international science magazine New Scientist collected between late 2013 and late 2014. The articles are analysed qualitatively to show the instantiations of such newsworthiness criteria as novelty and superlativeness, timeliness and impact, negativity and positivity as well as other strategies aimed at engaging the readers: rationalization and speculation, direct address and conversational style. The analysis reveals how, in this case study, science communication is turned into infotainment and considers the implications of this discursive shift for the public understanding of environmental science.
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Ozer, Erdener, Aydin Sanli, Serhat Erbayraktar, Cagnur Ulukus, and Ahmat Onen. "Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation Type 4 and Aneurysm of the Vein of Galen: A Rare Coincidence or Possibly Related Association." Pediatric and Developmental Pathology 7, no. 3 (May 2004): 268–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10024-003-2015-z.
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As far as the prognosis is concerned, it is important to diagnose the exact type of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM) in order to exclude associated anomalies, as well as the risk of development of malignancies in later life. The frequency of associated malformations of CCAM type 4 is unknown. We report a 4-month-old boy with CCAM type 4 and aneurysmal malformation of the vein of Galen (AVG). Although AVG is the most frequent arteriovenous malformation during childhood, this is the first case report, to our knowledge, of CCAM type 4 in association with an anomaly. In addition, we speculate that the relation between CCAM type 4 and AVG appears to be more likely a possibly related association rather than a rare coincidence, as both malformations develop at the same stages of embryonic life, and pathogenetically, apoptosis play a significant role in both entities. However, further studies are needed to validate this speculation placing emphasis on the association of the two anomalies, otherwise a rare coincidence cannot be excluded.
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Maiga, Fatoumata, Ibrahima Traore, and Hamadoun Traore. "Supply of urban centers with energy resources and the need to preserve the environment case of coal consumption at Baco-Djicoroni." International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology 8, no. 1 (2023): 001–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.81.1.
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In Mali, with strong population growth, forest resources are under multiple pressures, the most important of which are agricultural clearing, land speculation and the consumption of wood and/or charcoal as energy fuel. Studies have shown that this is a major problem. According to the FAO (2020, p 21), its production from 2010 to 2018 increased from 137,907 to 379,124 tons against 79,221 Qm to 334,454 Qm between 2008-2017 (MEADD, 2018, pp 41 and 73). The objective aims to demonstrate the challenges of charcoal consumption as fuel in the Baco-Djicoroni district of the Bamako district in order to raise the awareness of decision-makers. The sampling involved 190 people (160 randomly selected households, 24 traders/wholesalers and 6 technical service agents). The methodology was based on the exploitation of documents, the field survey and the analysis and processing of data using Word, Excel and SPSS software. The analysis of the results records 12 charcoal sales depot sites in Baco-Djicoroni with a sales capacity of 7750 bags per week whose households of 10 to 14 people are the biggest consumers, us 89 bags per month. In a context of climate change and forest preservation, the development of a strategy is necessary and alternatives to charcoal remains the promotion of renewable and/or alternative energies.
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Apke, Jason M., Daniel Nietfeld, and Mark R. Anderson. "Environmental Analysis of GOES-R Proving Ground Convection-Initiation Forecasting Algorithms." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 54, no. 7 (July 2015): 1637–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-14-0190.1.
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AbstractEnhanced temporal and spatial resolution of the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite–R Series (GOES-R) will allow for the use of cloud-top-cooling-based convection-initiation (CI) forecasting algorithms. Two such algorithms have been created on the current generation of GOES: the University of Wisconsin cloud-top-cooling algorithm (UWCTC) and the University of Alabama in Huntsville’s satellite convection analysis and tracking algorithm (SATCAST). Preliminary analyses of algorithm products have led to speculation over preconvective environmental influences on algorithm performance. An objective validation approach is developed to separate algorithm products into positive and false indications. Seventeen preconvective environmental variables are examined for the positive and false indications to improve algorithm output. The total dataset consists of two time periods in the late convective season of 2012 and the early convective season of 2013. Data are examined for environmental relationships using principal component analysis (PCA) and quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA). Data fusion by QDA is tested for SATCAST and UWCTC on five separate case-study days to determine whether application of environmental variables improves satellite-based CI forecasting. PCA and significance testing revealed that positive indications favored environments with greater vertically integrated instability (CAPE), less stability (CIN), and more low-level convergence. QDA improved both algorithms on all five case studies using significantly different variables. This study provides an examination of environmental influences on the performance of GOES-R Proving Ground CI forecasting algorithms and shows that integration of QDA in the cloud-top-cooling-based algorithms using environmental variables will ultimately generate a more skillful product.
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Souza, Tissiana De Almeida de, and Regina Célia de Oliveira. "MODIFICAÇÕES DO USO DA TERRA EM PAISAGENS COSTEIRAS: A ILHA COMPRIDA (SP) COMO ESTUDO DE CASO / Land Use Modifications in Coastal Landscapes: Comprida Island (São Paulo State) as Case Study." Geographia Meridionalis 2, no. 1 (June 29, 2016): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15210/gm.v2i1.7621.
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As pesquisas sobre uso da terra revelam informações sobre a dinâmica socioeconômica e sobre a organização espacial atual e passada. Em áreas litorâneas, a aplicação de estudos temporais sobre o uso da terra é de suma importância, visto que são setores do território brasileiro associados ao processo de colonização e que se encontram sobre pressão antrópica ligada à especulação imobiliária e ao turismo. Neste contexto se enquadra o município de Ilha Comprida, localizado no litoral Sul do estado de São Paulo. Os objetivos do trabalho foram analisar as alterações de uso da terra no município nos cenários de 1962, 1981 e 2011-2012, a partir de cartas elaboradas na escala original de 1:10.000; e relacionar as modificações temporais do uso da terra com a legislação municipal e com a legislação ambiental referente às Unidades de Conservação da Natureza (UCs) existentes na ilha desde a década de 1980. Os resultados destacam modificações na cobertura vegetal natural associadas ao crescimento urbano e à especulação imobiliária, que se intensificaram durante a década de 1980. A instituição de UCs resultaram na sobreposição de zonas destinadas a objetivos diferenciados de proteção ambiental e de uso das terras.AbstractStudies on land use have provided information on the socioeconomic dynamics and the current and past spatial organization. The application of temporal studies on land use in coastal areas is of utmost importance, once these areas of the Brazilian territory are associated with the colonization process and are under anthropic pressure due to tourism and property speculation. The municipality of Comprida Island, located in the South coast of São Paulo state, is inserted in this context. The objectives of this study were to analyze the land use alterations in this municipality in the scenarios of 1962, 1981 and 2011-2012, using maps elaborated in the original scale of 1:10.000 and relate the temporal land use modifications with the municipal legislation and the environmental legislation regarding the Conservation Units existing in the island since the 1980s. The results highlight modifications in the natural vegetation cover associated with urban growth and property speculation, intensified in the 1980s. The creation of the Conservation Units resulted in the overlay of zones intended to distinct objectives; i.e., environmental conservation and land use.Keywords:Coastal areas; Land use; Conservation Units; Urban growth
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Murphy, Andrew J. "(Re)Solving Space and Time: Fulfilment Issues in Online Grocery Retailing." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 35, no. 7 (July 2003): 1173–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a35102.
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There has been much hype and speculation in the media and in academe on the vitality and future of the ‘Internet economy’. In this paper the author uses case studies from Britain, Canada, New Zealand and the United States to assess the strengths and weaknesses of online grocery retailers, from national chain stores pursuing a ‘bricks and clicks' strategy to ‘pure-play’ startups. He argues that delivering groceries via the Internet to customer doorsteps requires ways of solving space and time that are markedly different from previous trends in food retail logistics. He holds that solving problems of space management creates problems in the management of time and vice versa. In particular, ‘e-tailers’ struggle with fulfilment costs and logistics, and have attempted to manage customers' time and locations to reduce these costs. Store-based operations may be best suited for short-term profitability (or loss minimisation), whereas warehouse-based fulfilment may hold future promise of greater efficiency and flexibility. The author suggests that online organic home delivery may be the most successful type of online food retailer, for its size, given greater customer commitment and problems with store-based supply of organic food.
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Chen, Zihui, Yuanyuan Guo, and Zihui Wang. "The Future Trends of NFT: Evidence from Art and Brand Industries." BCP Business & Management 28 (October 14, 2022): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpbm.v28i.2216.
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Non-Fungible Token (NFT) is a relatively new concept that has been a hot topic in the development of the field. The artwork generated in the form of NFT has made it an increasingly lucrative market, while there is also a lot of interest in the application of NFT to games, the metaverse and the financial economy. Therefore, this research paper will investigate the market development trend of NFT in the context of metaverse and the future outlook, especially to make a more detailed analysis of several important fields, taking art and branding industry as examples. Based on case studies and data analysis, NFT’s high pricing is attributed to a variety of factors, where the company's marketing approach is mostly creative and cross-pollinated to appeal to a wide audience. NFT has the ability to grow in the cultural sector as a whole, but it is challenging to sustain long-term prosperity due to the lack of NFT artworks and the likelihood of excessive speculation. Overall, this paper explores the value and potential of NFT using current research and accurate statistics, particularly in the areas of branding and the arts. These results shed light on guiding further exploration of NFT's market prospect and its own value realization.
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Bao, Haijun, Alain Yee-Loong Chong, Hongdi Wang, Liyuan Wang, and Yikun Huang. "QUANTITATIVE DECISION MAKING IN LAND BANKING: A MONTE CARLO SIMULATION FOR CHINA'S REAL ESTATE DEVELOPERS." International Journal of Strategic Property Management 16, no. 4 (December 19, 2012): 355–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1648715x.2012.735272.
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The real estate industry is one of the fast growing industries in many developing countries such as China and India. The Chinese real estate industry has gone through many reforms from offering housing as part of its social welfare system, to the current capitalist model based on demand and supply. Due to these reforms and the shortage of lands for development in China's urban cities, many Chinese property firms have resorted to land banking in order to secure land property for future developments. However, in China, land speculation is considered illegal, while failure to purchase the suitable land for future developments will hinder the real estate developers’ future business and growth. The purpose of this paper is to develop a decision making model for property developments in their land banking decisions and strategies. The paper employed mathematical modeling and Monte Carlo simulation to examine our decision model, and further validated our results by conducting the simulation by using China Vanke Co. Ltd as a case study. This study is one of the first few studies that develop a decision model for land banking in China. It also helps real estate enterprises to make rational and dynamic decision in the current dynamic property market.
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Sundaram, Leelesh, and Selva Muthu. "Impact on the Sales of Cultural Sarees due to Imports from Inbound Mergers in the South India by Product Interrelations." Journal La Bisecoman 3, no. 2 (March 31, 2022): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.37899/journallabisecoman.v3i2.586.
Full textAbstract:
Existing studies have demonstrated the negativity of cultural distance in international investments more particularly in the case of inbound mergers across the globe. It is famous speculation that the increasing import of foreign products would certainly affect the use and value of cultural goods of the particular state or nation, due to various influencing factors like consumer temperaments, choice and arousals. In this hypothetical situation, various governments across the globe have started imposing restrictions and authoritative conditions on Inbound Mergers thereby curtailing the scope of further business. When a closer study in respect of Indian trade and culture is carried out, it is quite interesting to note that there are no significant findings on the impact of cross-border inbound mergers on cultural sarees in India. This existing ambiguity appears even more substantial in the case of Southern States as this part of the country is often known for their cultural values and existing cultural sarees at the same time the Inbound Mergers in the said geographical jurisdiction is also increasing. Hence in order to address this ambiguity, this study is carried out so as to find out the Impact of cultural sarees on Inbound mergers in the Southern States of India as it is necessary to identify if there is an adverse impact on sales rate of cultural sarees. Further, this impact might be due to various factors, in order to bring in a regulation or change in law, it is essential to figure out if there is product interrelations.
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Stauffer, Andrew M. "“THE KING IS COLD,” BY STODDARD, NOT BROWNING." Victorian Literature and Culture 36, no. 2 (September 2008): 361–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150308080224.
Full textAbstract:
About a decade ago, I discovered an unknown poem attributed to Robert Browning in two New York abolitionist periodicals, and published an article about it here in Victorian Literature and Culture. I made the case that the poem, a dramatic monologue entitled “The King is Cold,” sounds like Browning in ways that suggest either its authenticity or the early familiarity of an American audience with Browning's style; and I closed the article with the statement, “By bringing ‘The King is Cold’ to light, I hope to encourage further speculation and inquiry as to its place either among Browning's collected works, or within the larger field of Browning scholarship that includes the study of his American reputation” (469). Since then, electronic databases have automated broad, sweeping searches of periodicals, and now the relevant information is easily discovered: the poem was in fact written by Richard Henry Stoddard, the American poet and man of letters. It was first published under Browning's name in the New York News sometime late in 1857, and was correctly ascribed to Stoddard in Russell's Magazine in December of that year; I found this information by searching in the American Periodicals Series Online, 1740–1900. The abolitionist reprintings (in the National Anti-Slavery Standard and the Liberator) apparently followed the version in the New York News, and the misattribution was perpetuated. Indeed, the poem reappeared in another New York periodical, Munsey's Scrap Book, in 1909, where it was still being given out as Robert Browning's. “The King is Cold” was also included as Browning's in William Cullen Bryant's oft-reprinted New Library of Poetry and Song.