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Journal articles on the topic 'Spectroscoping imaging'

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Spectroscoping imaging.

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Zhu Jiacheng, 朱嘉诚, 陆伟奇 Lu Weiqi, 赵知诚 Zhao Zhicheng, 陈新华 Chen Xinhua, and 沈为民 Shen Weimin. "静止轨道中波红外成像光谱仪分光成像系统." Acta Optica Sinica 41, no. 11 (2021): 1122001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/aos202141.1122001.

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2

Lewis, E. Neil, and Ira W. Levin. "Vibrational Spectroscopic Microscopy: Raman, Near-Infrared and Mid-Infrared Imaging Techniques." Microscopy and Microanalysis 1, no. 1 (February 1995): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927695110351.

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New instrumental approaches for performing vibrational Raman, near-infrared and mid-infrared spectroscopic imaging microscopy are described. The instruments integrate imaging quality filters such as acousto-optic tunable filters (AOTFs), with visible charge-coupled device (CCD) and infrared focal-plane array detectors. These systems are used in conjunction with infinity-corrected, refractive microscopes for operation in the visible and near-infrared spectral regions and with Cassegrainian reflective optics for operation in the mid-infrared spectral interval. Chemically specific images at moderate spectral resolution (2 nm) and high spatial resolution (1 μm) can be collected rapidly and noninvasively. Image data are presented containing 128 × 128 pixels, although significantly larger format images can be collected in approximately the same time. The instruments can be readily configured for both absorption and reflectance spectroscopies. We present Raman emission images of polystyrene microspheres and a lipid/amino acid mixture and near-infrared images of onion epidermis and a hydrated phospholipid dispersion. Images generated from mid-infrared spectral data are presented for a KBr disk containing nonhomogeneous domains of lipid and for 50-μm slices of monkey cerebellum. These are the first results illustrating the use of infrared focal-plane array detectors as chemically specific spectroscopic imaging devices and demonstrating their application in biomolecular areas. Extensions and future applications of the various vibrational spectroscopic imaging techniques are discussed.

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3

P. Engler, R. L. Barbour, J. H. Gibson, M. S. Hazle, D. G. Cameron, and R. H. Duff. "Imaging With Spectroscopic Data." Advances in X-ray Analysis 31 (1987): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/s0376030800021856.

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Spectroscopic data from a var iety of analyt ical techniques such as x-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared (IR) and Raman spectroscopies, secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) can be obtained from small areas of samples (< 1 mm2) through the use of microscope sampling accessories. If provisions are made to scan or translate the sample, then a spectrum that is characteristic of each region of interest can be obtained. Alternatively, selective area detectors eliminate the requirement for scanning the sample. Extract ion of information about a specific energy band from each spectrum allows elucidat ion of the spatial distribution of the feature giving rise to that band. For example, the distribution of a compound could be imaged by extracting the intensity of an IR band or XRD peak due to that compound. Peak posit ion and peak width are other parameters that can be extracted as a function of posit ion. Similarly, elemental distributions could be obtained using SIMS and EDX.

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4

Catala, Claude, Jacques Baudrand, Torsten Böhm, and Bernard H. Foing. "The Musicos Project: Multi-Site Continuous Spectroscopy." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 137 (1993): 662–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100018601.

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Many scientific programs, most of them linked to stellar physics (such as asteroseismology, stellar rotational modulation, surface structures, Doppler imaging, Zeeman-Doppler imaging, variable stellar winds) require a continuous spectroscopic coverage during several days.MUSICOS (for MUlti-SIte COntinuous Spectroscopy) is an international project for setting up a network of high resolution spectrometers coupled to telescopes of the 2m class, well distributed around the world, and partly dedicated to continuous spectroscopy.The strategy to reach this objective was defined during two workshops organized at Paris-Meudon Observatory in 1988 and 1990, and consists of three steps: 1) organize multi-site spectroscopie campaigns using resident instruments on various telescopes around the world and transportable fiber-fed spectrographs where adequate spectroscopie equipment is not available; 2) design and develop a cross-dispersed echelle spectrograph, well suited for the scientific programs that require multi-site observations; 3) propose this MUSICOS spectrograph for duplication at several collaborating sites.

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5

Voronine, Dmitri V., Zhenrong Zhang, Alexei V. Sokolov, and Marlan O. Scully. "Surface-enhanced FAST CARS: en route to quantum nano-biophotonics." Nanophotonics 7, no. 3 (February 23, 2018): 523–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2017-0066.

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AbstractQuantum nano-biophotonics as the science of nanoscale light-matter interactions in biological systems requires developing new spectroscopic tools for addressing the challenges of detecting and disentangling weak congested optical signals. Nanoscale bio-imaging addresses the challenge of the detection of weak resonant signals from a few target biomolecules in the presence of the nonresonant background from many undesired molecules. In addition, the imaging must be performed rapidly to capture the dynamics of biological processes in living cells and tissues. Label-free non-invasive spectroscopic techniques are required to minimize the external perturbation effects on biological systems. Various approaches were developed to satisfy these requirements by increasing the selectivity and sensitivity of biomolecular detection. Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopies provide many orders of magnitude enhancement of chemically specific Raman signals. Femtosecond adaptive spectroscopic techniques for CARS (FAST CARS) were developed to suppress the nonresonant background and optimize the efficiency of the coherent optical signals. This perspective focuses on the application of these techniques to nanoscale bio-imaging, discussing their advantages and limitations as well as the promising opportunities and challenges of the combined coherence and surface enhancements in surface-enhanced coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (SECARS) and tip-enhanced coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (TECARS) and the corresponding surface-enhanced FAST CARS techniques. Laser pulse shaping of near-field excitations plays an important role in achieving these goals and increasing the signal enhancement.

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6

Pazin, Wallance M., Leonardo N. Furini, Vita Solovyeva, Tibebe Lemma, Rafael J. G. Rubira, Bjarke Jørgensen, Carlos J. L. Constantino, and Jonathan R. Brewer. "Vibrational Spectroscopic Characterization and Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy (CARS) Imaging of Artepillin C." Applied Spectroscopy 74, no. 7 (April 30, 2020): 751–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003702820904456.

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In the following work, the vibrational spectroscopic characteristics of artepillin C are reported by means of Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and Raman spectroscopies, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy. Artepillin C is an interesting compound due to its pharmacological properties, including antitumor activity. It is found as the major component of Brazilian green propolis, a resinous mixture produced by bees to protect their hives against intruders. Vibrational spectroscopic techniques have shown a strong peak at 1599 cm−1, assigned to C=C stretching vibrations from the aromatic ring of artepillin C. From these data, direct visualization of artepillin C could be assessed by means of CARS microscopy, showing differences in the film hydration obtained for its neutral and deprotonated states. Raman-based methods show potential to visualize the uptake and action of artepillin C in biological systems, triggering its interaction with biological systems that are needed to understand its mechanism of action.

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7

Simon, G. T. "Electron Spectroscopic Imaging." Ultrastructural Pathology 11, no. 5-6 (January 1987): 705–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/01913128709048457.

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8

Meininger, M., P. M. Jakob, M. von Kienlin, D. Koppler, G. Bringmann, and A. Haase. "Radial Spectroscopic Imaging." Journal of Magnetic Resonance 125, no. 2 (April 1997): 325–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmre.1997.1124.

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9

Jansen, J., and B. Blümich. "Stochastic spectroscopic imaging." Journal of Magnetic Resonance (1969) 99, no. 3 (October 1992): 525–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-2364(92)90207-n.

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10

Czank, Michael, Joachim Mayer, and Ulrich Klein. "Electron Spectroscopic Imaging (ESI): A new method to reveal the existence of nm-scale exsolution lamellae." European Journal of Mineralogy 9, no. 6 (December 2, 1997): 1199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/ejm/9/6/1199.

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11

Haase, Axel, and Dieter Matthaei. "Spectroscopic FLASH NMR imaging (SPLASH imaging)." Journal of Magnetic Resonance (1969) 71, no. 3 (February 1987): 550–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-2364(87)90255-1.

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12

Puc, Uroš, Andreja Abina, Anton Jeglič, Aleksander Zidanšek, Irmantas Kašalynas, Rimvydas Venckevičius, and Gintaras Valušis. "Spectroscopic Analysis of Melatonin in the Terahertz Frequency Range." Sensors 18, no. 12 (November 23, 2018): 4098. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18124098.

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There is a need for fast and reliable quality and authenticity control tools of pharmaceutical ingredients. Among others, hormone containing drugs and foods are subject to scrutiny. In this study, terahertz (THz) spectroscopy and THz imaging are applied for the first time to analyze melatonin and its pharmaceutical product Circadin. Melatonin is a hormone found naturally in the human body, which is responsible for the regulation of sleep-wake cycles. In the THz frequency region between 1.5 THz and 4.5 THz, characteristic melatonin spectral features at 3.21 THz, and a weaker one at 4.20 THz, are observed allowing for a quantitative analysis within the final products. Spectroscopic THz imaging of different concentrations of Circadin and melatonin as an active pharmaceutical ingredient in prepared pellets is also performed, which permits spatial recognition of these different substances. These results indicate that THz spectroscopy and imaging can be an indispensable tool, complementing Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies, in order to provide quality control of dietary supplements and other pharmaceutical products.

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13

Kelley, Michael J. "Imaging with Surface Spectroscopies." MRS Bulletin 16, no. 3 (March 1991): 46–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400057407.

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A little more than 20 years ago we learned how to direct photons, electrons, or ions a few keV or lower energy onto a surface and measure the energy or mass distribution of backscattered or emitted species. By arranging conditions so that the bombarding or detected species is strongly attenuated by matter, the information obtained is restricted to not more than the outermost several atomic layers. We then learned how to infer the composition, chemical state, and (sometimes) the molecular structure of the surface from these spectra. So began the era of “alphabet soup.” The ensuing decades brought several things:■ The commercial availability of major surface spectroscopies. Even if not totally user friendly, they aren't outright hostile and work for most people on most days. Instrument makers seeking increased sales volume will continue to improve their ease of operation and reliability.■ The scrutiny of most materials and structures. There is reliable literature about the very large majority of applications. We know where to begin interpretation and what are the major pitfalls. We have little excuse for the egregious errors we sometimes still make.■ Many good research groups. When something really new comes along (e.g., the high temperature superconductors), the correct understanding of the data is worked out quickly enough to use it as a tool, guiding research and development.■ The seeming reluctance, outside certain specialized areas, of the materials community to integrate surface spectroscopies into other than basic research. Expense is often cited as a barrier, but this is hardly credible when the daily cost of top-notch spectroscopy isn't more than twice typical industrial researcher internal billine rates.

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14

Van Den Broek, W. H. A. M., D. Wienke, W. J. Melssen, R. Feldhoff, T. Huth-Fehre, T. Kantimm, and L. M. C. Buydens. "Application of a Spectroscopic Infrared Focal Plane Array Sensor for On-Line Identification of Plastic Waste." Applied Spectroscopy 51, no. 6 (June 1997): 856–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702971941142.

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A spectroscopic near-infrared imaging system, using a focal plane array (FPA) detector, is presented for remote and on-line measurements on a macroscopic scale. On-line spectroscopic imaging requires high-speed sensors and short image processing steps. Therefore, the use of a focal plane array detector in combination with fast chemometric software is investigated. As these new spectroscopic imaging systems generate so much data, multivariate statistical techniques are needed to extract the important information from the multidimensional spectroscopic images. These techniques include principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) for supervised classification of spectroscopic image data. Supervised classification is a tedious task in spectroscopic imaging, but a procedure is presented to facilitate this task and to provide more insight into and control over the composition of the datasets. The identification system is constructed, implemented, and tested for a real-world application of plastic identification in municipal solid waste.

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15

Nelson, S. J. "Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging." IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine 23, no. 5 (September 2004): 30–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/memb.2004.1360406.

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16

Marcott, Curtis, and Robert C. Reeder. "Infrared spectroscopic chemical imaging." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 54 (August 11, 1996): 260–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100163769.

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Infrared (IR) spectroscopy is a powerful, widely used technique for identifying materials or chemical compounds. An IR spectrum often provides a specific fingerprint for a given molecular component or species. IR frequencies, intensities, and line widths are also extremely sensitive to environmental perturbations and changes in molecular structure. Infrared spectroscopic images recorded through a Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) microscope attachment have traditionally been constructed by translating a mapping stage a single pixel at a time through the sample area of interest; this is a very tedious and time-consuming procedure. Recently, a technique for rapidly performing high-fidelity FT-IR imaging spectroscopy using an indium antimonide (InSb) focal-plane array (FPA) detector coupled to an IR microscope and a step-scanning FT-IR spectrometer has been developed. These multichannel IR detectors were originally developed for thermal-imaging applications (mainly in the military), but they have tremendous potential as chemical imaging detectors when used as part of a spectrometer. The multiple detector elements enable images from all pixels to be collected simultaneously for each mirror retardation position of the interferometer. Use of an interferometer allows the entire IR spectrum over some wavelength range to be measured. The combination of a step-scanning FT-IR microscope and an InSb FPA detector provides unprecedented speed and image quality, limited only by the diffraction limit and/or the number of detector elements on the array.

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17

Mulkern, Robert V., and Lawrence P. Panych. "Echo planar spectroscopic imaging." Concepts in Magnetic Resonance 13, no. 4 (2001): 213–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cmr.1011.

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18

Dydak, Ulrike, Markus Weiger, Klaas P. Pruessmann, Dieter Meier, and Peter Boesiger. "Sensitivity-encoded spectroscopic imaging." Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 46, no. 4 (October 2001): 713–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.1250.

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19

Skoch, Antonin, Filip Jiru, and Jürgen Bunke. "Spectroscopic imaging: Basic principles." European Journal of Radiology 67, no. 2 (August 2008): 230–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2008.03.003.

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20

Schirda, Claudiu V., Costin Tanase, and Fernando E. Boada. "Rosette spectroscopic imaging: Optimal parameters for alias-free, high sensitivity spectroscopic imaging." Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging 29, no. 6 (June 2009): 1375–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmri.21760.

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21

Treado, Patrick J., Ira W. Levin, and E. Neil Lewis. "Near-Infrared Acousto-Optic Filtered Spectroscopic Microscopy: A Solid-State Approach to Chemical Imaging." Applied Spectroscopy 46, no. 4 (April 1992): 553–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702924125032.

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A new instrumental approach for performing spectroscopic imaging microscopy is described. The instrument integrates an acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) and charge-coupled-device (CCD) detector with an infinity-corrected microscope for operation in the visible and near-infrared (NIR) spectral regions. Images at moderate spectral resolution (2 nm) and high spatial resolution (1 μim) can be collected rapidly. Data are presented containing 128 × 128 pixels, although images with significantly larger formats can be collected in approximately the same time. In operation, the CCD is used as a true imaging detector, while wavelength selectivity is provided by using the AOTF and quartz tungsten halogen lamp to create a tunable source. The instrument is entirely solid state, containing no moving parts, and can be readily configured for both absorption and reflectance spectroscopies. We present visible absorption spectral images of human epithelial cells, as well as NIR vibrational absorption images of a hydrated phospholipid suspension, to demonstrate the potential of the technique in the study of biological materials. Extensions and future applications of this work are discussed.

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22

YAMAZAKI, Ryo, Mikiya KATO, Kosuke MURATE, Kazuki IMAYAMA, and Kodo KAWASE. "Spectroscopic Imaging Using Terahertz Waves." Journal of the Japan Society of Colour Material 88, no. 12 (2015): 428–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4011/shikizai.88.428.

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23

Pennycook, Stephen J., and Christian Colliex. "Spectroscopic imaging in electron microscopy." MRS Bulletin 37, no. 1 (January 2012): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs.2011.332.

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24

Yakovlev, S., S. Shi, M. Misra, and M. Libera. "Spectroscopic Imaging of Soft Materials." Microscopy and Microanalysis 14, S2 (August 2008): 690–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927608085036.

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25

Meyerhoff, D. J. "Spectroscopic imaging of human disease." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 54 (August 11, 1996): 884–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100166889.

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Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) observes tissue water in the presence of a magnetic field gradient to study morphological changes such as tissue volume loss and signal hyperintensities in human disease. These changes are mostly non-specific and do not appear to be correlated with the range of severity of a certain disease. In contrast, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS), which measures many different chemicals and tissue metabolites in the millimolar concentration range in the absence of a magnetic field gradient, has been shown to reveal characteristic metabolite patterns which are often correlated with the severity of a disease. In-vivo MRS studies are performed on widely available MRI scanners without any “sample preparation” or invasive procedures and are therefore widely used in clinical research. Hydrogen (H) MRS and MR Spectroscopic Imaging (MRSI, conceptionally a combination of MRI and MRS) measure N-acetylaspartate (a putative marker of neurons), creatine-containing metabolites (involved in energy processes in the cell), choline-containing metabolites (involved in membrane metabolism and, possibly, inflammatory processes),

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26

Rühle, M., J. Mayer, J. C. H. Spence, J. Bihr, W. Probst, and E. Weimer. "Electron spectroscopic imaging and diffraction." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 49 (August 1991): 706–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100087847.

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A new Zeiss TEM with an imaging Omega filter is a fully digitized, side-entry, 120 kV TEM/STEM instrument for materials science. The machine possesses an Omega magnetic imaging energy filter (see Fig. 1) placed between the third and fourth projector lens. Lanio designed the filter and a prototype was built at the Fritz-Haber-Institut in Berlin, Germany. The imaging magnetic filter allows energy-filtered images or diffraction patterns to be recorded without scanning using efficient area detection. The energy dispersion at the exit slit (Fig. 1) results in ∼ 1.5 μm/eV which allows imaging with energy windows of ≤ 10 eV. The smallest probe size of the microscope is 1.6 nm and the Koehler illumination system is used for the first time in a TEM. Serial recording of EELS spectra with a resolution < 1 eV is possible. The digital control allows X,Y,Z coordinates and tilt settings to be stored and later recalled.

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27

Jian, Xiaohua, Yaoyao Cui, Yongjia Xiang, Zhile Han, Tianming Gu, and Tiejun Lv. "Adaptive optics photoacoustic spectroscopic imaging." Optics Communications 286 (January 2013): 383–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2012.08.052.

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28

Treado, Patrick J., and Michael D. Morris. "Infrared and Raman Spectroscopic Imaging." Applied Spectroscopy Reviews 29, no. 1 (February 1994): 1–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/05704929408000896.

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29

Adams, Freddy. "Spectroscopic imaging: a spatial Odyssey." J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 29, no. 7 (2014): 1197–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ja00050a.

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Analytical methods were developed or refined to link the composition and structure of man-made and natural materials down to the nanoscale dimensions to their functional behaviour at the macroscopic scale.

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30

O'Donnell, K. P., C. Trager Cowan, S. Pereira, A. Bangura, C. Young, M. E. White, and M. J. Tobin. "Spectroscopic Imaging of InGaN Epilayers." physica status solidi (b) 216, no. 1 (November 1999): 157–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1521-3951(199911)216:1<157::aid-pssb157>3.0.co;2-k.

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31

Bazett-Jones, David P., and Michael J. Hendzel. "Electron Spectroscopic Imaging of Chromatin." Methods 17, no. 2 (February 1999): 188–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/meth.1998.0729.

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32

Goelman, G. "Fast Hadamard Spectroscopic Imaging Techniques." Journal of Magnetic Resonance, Series B 104, no. 3 (July 1994): 212–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmrb.1994.1078.

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33

Bito, Yoshitaka, Satoshi Hirata, Takayuki Nabeshima, and Etsuji Yamamoto. "Echo-Planar Diffusion Spectroscopic Imaging." Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 33, no. 1 (January 1995): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.1910330110.

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34

Spielman, Daniel, Peter Webb, and Albert Macovski. "Water referencing for spectroscopic imaging." Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 12, no. 1 (October 1989): 38–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.1910120105.

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35

Sijens, P. E., and M. D. Dorrius. "Spectroscopic Imaging of Breast Cancer." Imaging Decisions MRI 13, no. 3-4 (September 2009): 122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1617-0830.2009.01135.x.

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36

Reddy, Rohith K., Michael J. Walsh, Matthew V. Schulmerich, P. Scott Carney, and Rohit Bhargava. "High-Definition Infrared Spectroscopic Imaging." Applied Spectroscopy 67, no. 1 (January 2013): 93–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/11-06568.

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37

Funke, S., B. Miller, E. Parzinger, P. Thiesen, A. W. Holleitner, and U. Wurstbauer. "Imaging spectroscopic ellipsometry of MoS2." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 28, no. 38 (July 27, 2016): 385301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/28/38/385301.

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38

Maudsley, A. A., E. Lin, and M. W. Weiner. "Spectroscopic imaging display and analysis." Magnetic Resonance Imaging 10, no. 3 (January 1992): 471–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0730-725x(92)90520-a.

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39

Goelman, Gadi, V. Harihara Subramanian, and John S. Leigh. "Transverse Hadamard spectroscopic imaging technique." Journal of Magnetic Resonance (1969) 89, no. 3 (October 1990): 437–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-2364(90)90327-6.

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40

Bazett-Jones, D. P., L. Locklear, and J. B. Rattner. "Electron spectroscopic imaging of DNA." Journal of Ultrastructure and Molecular Structure Research 99, no. 1 (April 1988): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0889-1605(88)90032-8.

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41

Moore, David J. "Infrared spectroscopic imaging of skin." Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 50, no. 3 (March 2004): P32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2003.10.133.

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42

Ma, Gege, and Manuchehr Soleimani. "A New Label-Free and Contactless Bio-Tomographic Imaging with Miniaturized Capacitively-Coupled Spectroscopy Measurements." Sensors 20, no. 11 (June 11, 2020): 3327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20113327.

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A new bio-imaging method has been developed by introducing an experimental verification of capacitively coupled resistivity imaging in a small scale. This paper focuses on the 2D circular array imaging sensor as well as a 3D planar array imaging sensor with spectroscopic measurements in a wide range from low frequency to radiofrequency. Both these two setups are well suited for standard containers used in cell and culture biological studies, allowing for fully non-invasive testing. This is true as the capacitive based imaging sensor can extract dielectric spectroscopic images from the sample without direct contact with the medium. The paper shows the concept by deriving a wide range of spectroscopic information from biological test samples. We drive both spectra of electrical conductivity and the change rate of electrical conductivity with frequency as a piece of fundamentally important information. The high-frequency excitation allows the interrogation of critical properties that arise from the cell nucleus.

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43

Vohland, Michael, and András Jung. "Hyperspectral Imaging for Fine to Medium Scale Applications in Environmental Sciences." Remote Sensing 12, no. 18 (September 11, 2020): 2962. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12182962.

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44

Wichtendahl, R., R. Fink, H. Kuhlenbeck, D. Preikszas, H. Rose, R. Spehr, P. Hartel, et al. "SMART: An Aberration-Corrected XPEEM/LEEM with Energy Filter." Surface Review and Letters 05, no. 06 (December 1998): 1249–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x98001584.

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A new UHV spectroscopic X-ray photoelectron emission and low energy electron microscope is presently under construction for the installation at the PM-6 soft X-ray undulator beamline at BESSY II. Using a combination of a sophisticated magnetic beam splitter and an electrostatic tetrode mirror, the spherical and chromatic aberrations of the objective lens are corrected and thus the lateral resolution and sensitivity of the instrument improved. In addition a corrected imaging energy filter (a so-called omega filter) allows high spectral resolution (ΔE=0.1 eV ) in the photoemission modes and back-ground suppression in LEEM and small-spot LEED modes. The theoretical prediction for the lateral resolution is 5 Å; a realistic goal is about 2 nm. Thus, a variety of electron spectroscopies (XAS, XPS, UPS, XAES) and electron diffraction (LEED, LEEM) or reflection techniques (MEM) will be available with spatial resolution unreached so far.

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45

Rajesh, Arumugam, and Fergus V. Coakley. "MR imaging and MR spectroscopic imaging of prostate cancer." Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America 12, no. 3 (August 2004): 557–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mric.2004.03.011.

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Swanson, Mark G., Daniel B. Vigneron, Tuan-Khanh C. Tran, and John Kurhanewicz. "Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopic Imaging of Prostate Cancer." Cancer Investigation 19, no. 5 (January 2001): 510–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/cnv-100103849.

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Dong, Zhengchao, Feng Liu, Alayar Kangarlu, and Bradley S. Peterson. "Metabolite Mapping with Extended Brain Coverage Using a Fast Multisection MRSI Pulse Sequence and a Multichannel Coil." International Journal of Biomedical Imaging 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/247161.

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Abstract:

Multisection magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging is a widely used pulse sequence that has distinct advantages over other spectroscopic imaging sequences, such as dynamic shimming, large region-of-interest coverage within slices, and rapid data acquisition. It has limitations, however, in the number of slices that can be acquired in realistic scan times and information loss from spacing between slices. In this paper, we synergize the multi-section spectroscopic imaging pulse sequence with multichannel coil technology to overcome these limitations. These combined techniques now permit elimination of the gaps between slices and acquisition of a larger number of slices to realize the whole brain metabolite mapping without incurring the penalties of longer repetition times (and therefore longer acquisition times) or lower signal-to-noise ratios.

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Harauz, G., D. H. Evans, D. R. Beniac, A. L. Arsenault, B. Rutherford, and F. P. Ottensmeyer. "Electron spectroscopic imaging of encapsidated DNA in vaccinia virus." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 41, no. 10 (October 1, 1995): 889–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m95-122.

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We have used electron spectroscopic imaging to locate the phosphorus in vaccinia DNA in situ in unstained, ultrathin sections of virions. The phosphorus of the DNA backbone appeared to form a halo on the core periphery surrounding a phosphorus-impoverished central element. These results constrain models for how DNA could be packaged into mature vaccinia particles.Key words: vaccinia, electron spectroscopic imaging, DNA.

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Feldman, Rebecca E., and Priti Balchandani. "A semiadiabatic spectral-spatial spectroscopic imaging (SASSI) sequence for improved high-field MR spectroscopic imaging." Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 76, no. 4 (October 31, 2015): 1071–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.26025.

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Hartwig, Valentina, Martina Marinelli, Luna Gargani, Tatiana Barskova, Maria Giovanna Trivella, Marco Matucci Cerinic, and Antonio L'Abbate. "Two-Dimensional near Infrared Spectroscopic Imaging of the Hand to Assess Microvascular Abnormalities in Systemic Sclerosis: A Pilot Study." Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy 23, no. 2 (January 1, 2015): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1255/jnirs.1152.

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Patients affected by systemic sclerosis (SSc) develop functional and structural microvascular alterations and progressive fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. Evaluation of skin microcirculation is an important clinical step in the workup of SSc patients. Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is a well-established non-invasive technique to assess haemoglobin oxygen saturation (StO2) in the illuminated tissue. The recent development of NIR spectroscopic two-dimensional (2D) imaging offers the possibility of visualising StO2 distribution in large tissue areas. This is particularly important in SSc characterised by a very heterogeneous spatial distribution of the microvascular abnormalities. In addition, the short acquisition time of NIR spectroscopic images allows microvascular “dynamic” conditions, such as the vascular response to physical or pharmacological stimuli, to be evaluated. The present study reports the results of the test application of NIR spectroscopic 2D imaging of the palmar whole-hand surface for the evaluation of peripheral microcirculatory dysfunction in one patient with SSc, as compared with a healthy control, both in “static” (resting) and in “dynamic” (ischaemia-reperfusion) conditions. Spatial heterogeneity of microvascular alterations associated with temporal heterogeneity in vascular reactivity to ischaemic challenge make 2D NIR spectroscopic imaging a promising tool in the assessment of SSc, as compared with the current available techniques. A NIR spectroscopic camera by Kent Imaging Inc, Calgary, Canada was used.

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