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Journal articles on the topic 'Spectrometry'

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Spectrometry.

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 27 July 2024

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1

Curran, Paul J. "Imaging spectrometry." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 18, no. 2 (June 1994): 247–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030913339401800204.

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A basic aim of remote sensing is to identify and characterize objects on the Earth's surface by means of radiation that has interacted with that surface. In the optical region of the spectrum this could best be achieved using an imaging spectrometer that records a finely sampled and continuous spectrum of radiation over the entire 400 nm to 2400 nm wavelength range. This article outlines the airborne imaging spectrometers of today and the space-borne imaging spectrometers of tomorrow, the techniques for processing data from imaging spectrometers and the roles that imaging spectrometry is finding in those areas of geological, aquatic, ecological and atmospheric research which are of interest to physical geographers.

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2

Zhang, Xin Jie, Xiao Xu Yang, and Wen Fang Wang. "Calculations on Optical Path Difference of a Reflecting Scanning Fourier Transform Spectrometry Based on Cube Reflector." Applied Mechanics and Materials 226-228 (November 2012): 1951–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.226-228.1951.

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Compared with normal reflecting scanning transform Spectrometry, cube-based Spectrometr is a key component in the time-based modulation interference spectrometer, it have more compact structure ,using less accessory , easy to fix up , more steadily and more practicality . Calculations on optical path difference (OPD) of spectrometry play an important role in analyzing and improving of the structure. Following the law of Malus and the geometrical relationship of model, get the formula of OPD and the affective factors .The calculation results demonstrate that OPD is closely related to the tilted angel of rotating reflector , the size of cube reflector and the refractive index of reflector. And this kind of spectrometry has the character of high resolution, especial in some spectrum.

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3

Lund, Mark W. "More Than One Ever Wanted To Know About X-ray Detectors Part V: Wavelength - The "Other" Spectroscopy." Microscopy Today 3, no. 4 (May 1995): 8–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929500063537.

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The use of x-ray spectrometry in electron microscopy has been a powerful market driver not only for electron microscopes but also for x-ray spectrometers. More x-ray spectrometers are sold with electron microscopes than in any other configuration. A general name for the combination is AEM, or analytical electron microscope, though in modern times AEM can include other instrumentation such as electron energy loss spectroscopy and visible light spectroscopy. In previous articies I have discussed energy dispersive spectrometers (EDS). These use semiconductor crystals to detect the x-rays and measure the energy deposited in the crystal. A second type of x-ray spectrometer measures the wavelength of the x-rays, and so is called "wavelength dispersive spectrometry" (WDS).

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4

Termopoli, Veronica, Maurizio Piergiovanni, Davide Ballabio, Viviana Consonni, Emmanuel Cruz Muñoz, and Fabio Gosetti. "Condensed Phase Membrane Introduction Mass Spectrometry: A Direct Alternative to Fully Exploit the Mass Spectrometry Potential in Environmental Sample Analysis." Separations 10, no. 2 (February 17, 2023): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations10020139.

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Membrane introduction mass spectrometry (MIMS) is a direct mass spectrometry technique used to monitor online chemical systems or quickly quantify trace levels of different groups of compounds in complex matrices without extensive sample preparation steps and chromatographic separation. MIMS utilizes a thin, semi-permeable, and selective membrane that directly connects the sample and the mass spectrometer. The analytes in the sample are pre-concentrated by the membrane depending on their physicochemical properties and directly transferred, using different acceptor phases (gas, liquid or vacuum) to the mass spectrometer. Condensed phase (CP) MIMS use a liquid as a medium, extending the range to new applications to less-volatile compounds that are challenging or unsuitable to gas-phase MIMS. It directly allows the rapid quantification of selected compounds in complex matrices, the online monitoring of chemical reactions (in real-time), as well as in situ measurements. CP-MIMS has expanded beyond the measurement of several organic compounds because of the use of different types of liquid acceptor phases, geometries, dimensions, and mass spectrometers. This review surveys advancements of CP-MIMS and its applications to several molecules and matrices over the past 15 years.

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5

Lawrence, A. H., and A. A. Nanji. "Ion mobility spectrometry and ion mobility spectrometry/mass spectrometric characterization of dimenhydrinate." Biological Mass Spectrometry 16, no. 1-12 (October 1988): 345–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200160167.

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6

KASAMA, Takeshi. "Biological Mass Spectrometry. Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer." Journal of the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan 44, no. 3 (1996): 393–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.5702/massspec.44.393.

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7

Florek, Stefan, and Helmut Becker-Ross. "High-resolution spectrometer for atomic spectrometry." Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 10, no. 2 (1995): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/ja9951000145.

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8

Du, G. X., S. Saito, and M. Takahashi. "Fast magneto-optical spectrometry by spectrometer." Review of Scientific Instruments 83, no. 1 (January 2012): 013103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3673638.

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9

Sauvage, François-Ludovic, Franck Saint-marcoux, Bénédicte Duretz, Didier Deporte, Gérard Lachatre, and Pierre Marquet. "Screening of Drugs and Toxic Compounds with Liquid Chromatography-Linear Ion Trap Tandem Mass Spectrometry." Clinical Chemistry 52, no. 9 (September 1, 2006): 1735–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2006.067116.

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Abstract Background: In clinical and forensic toxicology, general unknown screening is used to detect and identify exogenous compounds. In this study, we aimed to develop a comprehensive general unknown screening method based on liquid chromatography coupled with a hybrid triple-quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometer. Methods: After solid-phase extraction, separation was performed using gradient reversed-phase chromatography. The mass spectrometer was operated in the information-dependent acquisition mode, switching between a survey scan acquired in the Enhanced Mass Spectrometry mode with dynamic subtraction of background noise and a dependent scan obtained in the enhanced product ion scan mode. The complete cycle time was 1.36 s. A library of 1000 enhanced product ion–tandem mass spectrometry spectra in positive mode and 250 in negative mode, generated using 3 alternated collision tensions during each scan, was created by injecting pure solutions of drugs and toxic compounds. Results: Comparison with HPLC-diode array detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the analysis of 36 clinical samples showed that linear ion trap tandem mass spectrometry could identify most of the compounds (94% of the total). Some compounds were detected only by 1 of the other 2 techniques. Specific clinical cases highlighted the advantages and limitations of the method. Conclusion: A unique combination of new operating modes provided by hybrid triple-quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometers and new software features allowed development of a comprehensive and efficient method for the general unknown screening of drugs and toxic compounds in blood or urine.

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10

Sukhorukov, B. L., and A. M. Nikanorov. "New possibilities of remote spectrometry of surface water bodies." Доклады Академии наук 484, no. 6 (May 23, 2019): 750–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0869-56524846750-754.

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Article presents a new approach to the analysis of spectrometric data obtained by modern spectrometers in the visible range of wavelengths for surveys of surface water bodies. The efficiency of the new approach in the interpretation of spectrometric data in the visible range is shown with the use, proposed by us, of the space of optical images (SOI) formed by a combination of experimental and model ranges of the remote sensing reflectance (RS). The RS ranges calculated parallel to measuring the absorbance indexes in particular hydrological seasons with a known structural composition of phytoplankton permit us to gradate the SOI with respect to the structural composition of phytoplankton. The curve of the status of the ecosystem of the Don River constructed by the data of remote spectrometry shows changes in the structure of phytoplankton during the observation period.

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11

Roberts, Norman B., Brian N. Green, and Michael Morris. "Potential of electrospray mass spectrometry for quantifying glycohemoglobin." Clinical Chemistry 43, no. 5 (May 1, 1997): 771–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/43.5.771.

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Abstract An electrospray ionization–mass spectrometric procedure has been developed for determining glycohemoglobin. Whole-blood samples from 78 diabetic and 50 nondiabetic subjects (glycation range 3–15%, as determined by electrospray mass spectrometry) were diluted 500-fold in an acidic denaturing solvent and introduced directly into a mass spectrometer. The resulting mass spectra were then processed to estimate the percentage of glycohemoglobin present in the sample. Total analysis time, including plotting the spectra and computing the percentage of glycation, was ∼3 min. The imprecision (CV) of the method was <5.1% for inter- and intrabatch analyses for total glycohemoglobin in the range 3.6–14%. Comparison of the mass spectrometric results with those from established affinity chromatographic procedures showed good overall agreement. The relative glycation of the α- and β-chains was determined directly and was shown to be constant (0.64:1) over the glycation range measured. Only single glucose attachment to both the α- and β-chains was observed.

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12

Konstantinov, M. A., D. D. Zhdanov, and I. Yu Toropygin. "Quantitative mass spectrometry with <sup>18</sup>O labelling as an alternative approach for determining protease activity: an example of trypsin." Biological Products. Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment 24, no. 1 (February 6, 2024): 46–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.30895/2221-996x-2024-24-1-46-60.

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SCIENTIFIC RELEVANCE. In the quality control of proteolytic enzyme components of medicinal products, the activity of proteases is determined by spectrophotometry, which involves measuring the amidase or esterase activity using a synthetic substrate and the proteolytic activity using the Anson method. These methods require special substrates and have low sensitivity; their specificity may be insufficient, which may lead to serious errors. Quantitative mass spectrometry is an alternative approach to protease activity assays, which involves adding an isotope-labelled peptide to hydrolysates of the test enzyme. This approach allows determining the activity of proteases, notably, by the hydrolysis of specific peptide bonds, while simultaneously confirming the identity and specificity of the test sample. Quantitative mass spectrometry has high sensitivity and does not require special substrates.AIM. This study aimed to investigate the possibility of enzymatic activity assay and enzyme identification by quantitative mass spectrometry with 18O labelling through an example of trypsin with casein.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study used trypsin, casein, and H218O (Izotop, Russia). Peptide separation was performed using an Agilent 1100 HPLC system; mass spectra were obtained using a Bruker Ultraflex II MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometer. Quantitative mass spectrometry was performed using a standard peptide, which was obtained from casein by tryptic digestion and HPLC purification. For 18O labelling, the authors dried the peptide and incubated it in H218О water. The quantitative analysis of the product was carried out using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The authors used quantitative mass spectrometry with 18O labelling to determine enzymatic activity and calculate the Michaelis constant (KM).RESULTS. Following the tryptic digestion of casein, the authors identified the fragments corresponding to casein chains. The authors produced the isotope-labelled standard peptide and calculated its concentration using mass spectrometry. The authors determined the rate of casein digestion by trypsin and calculated the KM for trypsin, which was 13.65±0.60 μM. The standard deviation for repeated measurements showed that the mass-spectrometric method had a lower error of measurement than the spectrophotometric method. The sensitivity threshold for the mass-spectrometric method was 0.50±0.08 μM.CONCLUSIONS. The results obtained with trypsin confirm the possibility of enzymatic activity determination by the proposed method of quantitative mass spectrometry with 18O labelling. According to the sensitivity evaluation results, this method can be used for the simultaneous determination of enzyme activity, identity, and specificity. The proposed mass spectrometry approach is universal, it does not require expensive materials and reagents, and it can be easily adapted to determine the activity of virtually any protease.

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13

Guerrera, Ida Chiara, and Oliver Kleiner. "Application of Mass Spectrometry in Proteomics." Bioscience Reports 25, no. 1-2 (February 4, 2005): 71–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10540-005-2849-x.

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Mass spectrometry has arguably become the core technology in proteomics. The application of mass spectrometry based techniques for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of global proteome samples derived from complex mixtures has had a big impact in the understanding of cellular function. Here, we give a brief introduction to principles of mass spectrometry and instrumentation currently used in proteomics experiments. In addition, recent developments in the application of mass spectrometry in proteomics are summarised. Strategies allowing high-throughput identification of proteins from highly complex mixtures include accurate mass measurement of peptides derived from total proteome digests and multidimensional peptide separations coupled with mass spectrometry. Mass spectrometric analysis of intact proteins permits the characterisation of protein isoforms. Recent developments in stable isotope labelling techniques and chemical tagging allow the mass spectrometry based differential display and quantitation of proteins, and newly established affinity procedures enable the targeted characterisation of post-translationally modified proteins. Finally, advances in mass spectrometric imaging allow the gathering of specific information on the local molecular composition, relative abundance and spatial distribution of peptides and proteins in thin tissue sections.

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14

Dogra, Akshay. "A Thorough Examination of the Recent Advances in Mass Spectrometry." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 7 (July 31, 2023): 1731–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.54964.

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Abstract: Mass spectrometry has become an essential tool in pharmaceutical analysis, revolutionizing drug development, quality assurance, and our understanding of complex biological systems. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in mass spectrometry for pharmaceutical analysis. We discuss the fundamentals of mass spectrometry, including ionization and mass analysis principles, as well as the various types of mass spectrometers used in pharmaceutical analysis. We explore high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), ambient ionization mass spectrometry, and mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), highlighting their applications in drug characterization, quantification, imaging, and biomarker discovery. Furthermore, we examine the challenges faced by mass spectrometry, such as matrix effects and data interpretation, and discuss emerging trends and future perspectives. By understanding the recent advancements and addressing the challenges, mass spectrometry can continue to drive advancements in pharmaceutical analysis and quality assurance

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15

Falconi, Rita, Stefania Sorbino, Roberto Pani, and Luca Indovina. "A Novel Method for Spectrometry Based on Imaging Systems." Applied Sciences 12, no. 3 (February 5, 2022): 1657. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12031657.

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γ-ray spectrometry is a well-known technique in environmental radioactivity measurements where easily handled systems are needed. Scintillators coupled to a photomultiplier tube (PMT), are typically favoured over solid-state detectors as mobile spectrometers. Replacing PMT with position sensitive devices represents an innovative solution that provides the evaluation of the interaction point of the incident radiation. The knowledge of spectrometry as a function of the depth of interaction (DoI) assures a better understanding of the spectrum and a more reliable identification of the source. In this paper, the efficiency of a simple DoI estimator has been studied using a CRY018 monolithic crystal coupled to a multi-anode photomultiplier tube. The DoI estimator has been evaluated studying charge distributions and the dependency of spectrometric properties on the DoI has been qualitatively analyzed. The estimator has shown to be highly sensitive to the DoI, enabling a better understanding of the internal interaction processes of light and an efficient rejection of the background component on the spectra. The novelty of this work lies in the application of the DoI selection in spectrometry made available by the use of MAPMT. The proposed method is practical since it does not require complicated hardware solutions or complex computational procedures.

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16

Abdelhameed, Ali S., Adnan A. Kadi, Hatem A. Abdel-Aziz, Rihab F. Angawi, Mohamed W. Attwa, and Khalid A. Al-Rashood. "Multistage Fragmentation of Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry System and Pseudo-MS3of Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry Characterize Certain (E)-3-(Dimethylamino)-1-arylprop-2-en-1-ones: A Comparative Study." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/702819.

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A new approach was recently introduced to improve the structure elucidation power of tandem mass spectrometry simulating the MS3of ion trap mass spectrometry system overcoming the different drawbacks of the latter. The fact that collision induced dissociation in the triple quadrupole mass spectrometer system provides richer fragment ions compared to those achieved in the ion trap mass spectrometer system utilizing resonance excitation. Moreover, extracting comprehensive spectra in the ion trap needs multistage fragmentation, whereas similar fragment ions may be acquired from one stage product ion scan using the triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. The new strategy was proven to enhance the qualitative performance of tandem mass spectrometry for structural elucidation of different chemical entities. In the current study we are endeavoring to prove our hypothesis of the efficiency of the new pseudo-MS3technique via its comparison with the MS3mode of ion trap mass spectrometry system. Ten pharmacologically and synthetically important (E)-3-(dimethylamino)-1-arylprop-2-en-1-ones (enaminones4a–j) were chosen as model compounds for this study. This strategy permitted rigorous identification of all fragment ions using triple quadrupole mass spectrometer with sufficient specificity. It can be used to elucidate structures of different unknown components. The data presented in this paper provide clear evidence that our new pseudo-MS3may simulate the MS3of ion trap spectrometry system.

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17

Griffiths, Peter R. "The Early Days of Commercial FT-IR Spectrometry: A Personal Perspective." Applied Spectroscopy 71, no. 3 (March 2017): 329–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003702816683529.

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The development of Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometers in the mid-1960s followed along three lines. Interferometers for far-infrared FT spectrometry typically had a slow scan speed and the beam of radiation was modulated by a rotating chopper. Several instruments based on this system were developed commercially. Very high-resolution near-infrared FT spectrometers were based on cats-eye retroreflectors mounted in a step-scan interferometer; the beam of radiation was usually modulated by dithering one of the cats-eyes (phase modulation). No commercial instruments based on this principle were developed. In the third type of FT spectrometer, the beam was modulated by rapidly scanning one of the mirrors of a Michelson interferometer. While the early instruments based on this principle only gave rise to low-resolution spectra, the incorporation of laser fringe referencing at the end of the decade led to instruments that were the fore-runners of contemporary FT-IR spectrometers. In this article, the author’s experiences with instruments of the first and third category are described.

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18

Alevra, A. V., and D. J. Thomas. "Neutron spectrometry in mixed fields: multisphere spectrometers." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 107, no. 1-3 (November 1, 2003): 37–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006388.

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19

Ichihara, Chikara, Akira Kobayashi, Ken-ichi Inoue, and Kenji Kimura. "A new spectrometer for Rutherford backscattering spectrometry." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 229, no. 3-4 (April 2005): 527–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2004.12.132.

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20

Glish, Gary L., and David J. Burinsky. "Hybrid mass spectrometers for tandem mass spectrometry." Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry 19, no. 2 (February 2008): 161–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasms.2007.11.013.

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21

Behrends, André, Matthias Graeser, and Thorsten M. Buzug. "Introducing a frequency-tunable magnetic particle spectrometer." Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 1, no. 1 (September 1, 2015): 249–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2015-0062.

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AbstractImage quality in the new imaging modality magnetic particle imaging (MPI) heavily relies on the quality of the magnetic nanoparticles in use. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the behaviour of such particles. A common technique to analyze the behaviour of the particles is magnetic particle spectrometry (MPS). However, most spectrometers are limited to measurements at a single or multiple discrete excitation frequencies. This paper introduces a frequency-tunable spectrometer, able to perform measurements in the range of 100 Hz - 24kHz.

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22

Lin, Cheng-Huang, Masami Hozumi, Totaro Imasaka, and Nobuhiko Ishibashi. "Simultaneous comparison of fluorescence spectrometry with multiphoton ionization spectrometry using a supersonic jet spectrometer." Analyst 116, no. 10 (1991): 1037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/an9911601037.

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23

Evans, E. Hywel, Jorge Pisonero, Clare M. M. Smith, and Rex N. Taylor. "Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in atomic spectrometry and related techniques." Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 36, no. 5 (2021): 868–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ja90016a.

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This review covers advances in atomic spectrometric techniques, including atomic emission, absorption, fluorescence and mass spectrometry. Material on speciation and coupled techniques is not covered as this is included in a separate ASU review.

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24

Evans, E. Hywel, Jorge Pisonero, Clare M. M. Smith, and Rex N. Taylor. "Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in atomic spectrometry and related techniques." Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 31, no. 5 (2016): 1057–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ja90020h.

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This review covers advances in atomic spectrometric techniques, including atomic emission, absorption, fluorescence and mass spectrometry. Material on speciation and coupled techniques is not covered as this is included in a separate ASU review.

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25

Evans, E. Hywel, Jorge Pisonero, Clare M. M. Smith, and Rex N. Taylor. "Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in atomic spectrometry and related techniques." Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 35, no. 5 (2020): 830–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ja90015j.

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This review covers advances in atomic spectrometric techniques, including atomic emission, absorption, fluorescence and mass spectrometry. Material on speciation and coupled techniques is not covered as this is included in a separate ASU review.

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Evans, E. Hywel, Jorge Pisonero, Clare M. M. Smith, and Rex N. Taylor. "Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in atomic spectrometry and related techniques." Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 32, no. 5 (2017): 869–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ja90015e.

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This review covers advances in atomic spectrometric techniques, including atomic emission, absorption, fluorescence and mass spectrometry. Material on speciation and coupled techniques is not covered as this is included in a separate ASU review.

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27

Evans, E. Hywel, Jorge Pisonero, Clare M. M. Smith, and Rex N. Taylor. "Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in atomic spectrometry and related techniques." Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 34, no. 5 (2019): 803–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ja90018g.

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This review covers advances in atomic spectrometric techniques, including atomic emission, absorption, fluorescence and mass spectrometry. Material on speciation and coupled techniques is not covered as this is included in a separate ASU review.

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28

Evans, E. Hywel, Jorge Pisonero, Clare M. M. Smith, and Rex N. Taylor. "Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in atomic spectrometry and related techniques." Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 33, no. 5 (2018): 684–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ja90012d.

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This review covers advances in atomic spectrometric techniques, including atomic emission, absorption, fluorescence and mass spectrometry. Material on speciation and coupled techniques is not covered as this is included in a separate ASU review.

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29

Evans, E. Hywel, Jorge Pisonero, Clare M. M. Smith, and Rex N. Taylor. "Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in atomic spectrometry and related techniques." Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 30, no. 5 (2015): 1017–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ja90017d.

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This review covers advances in atomic spectrometric techniques, including atomic emission, absorption, fluorescence and mass spectrometry in 2014. Material on speciation and coupled techniques is not covered as this is included in a separate ASU review.

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30

Bellamy, M. K., A. N. Mortensen, R. M. Hammaker, and W. G. Fateley. "Chemical Mapping in the Mid- and Near-IR Spectral Regions by Hadamard Transform/FT-IR Spectrometry." Applied Spectroscopy 51, no. 4 (April 1997): 477–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702971940747.

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A movable two-dimensional (2D) Hadamard encoding mask is obtained and combined with conventional FT-IR spectrometers for use in both the mid- and near-infrared spectral regions. Chemical maps and spectra of individual pixels of the maps can be obtained from heterogeneous samples by using this combination of a move-able 2D Hadamard encoding mask and an FT-IR spectrometer. We call the procedure Hadamard transform/FT-IR spectrometry. Spectra of usable signal-to-noise ratio and reliable chemical maps are obtained in reasonable data acquisition and processing time.

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31

Shin, Hyunjin, Miray Mutlu, John M. Koomen, and Mia K. Markey. "Parametric Power Spectral Density Analysis of Noise from Instrumentation in MALDI TOF Mass Spectrometry." Cancer Informatics 3 (January 2007): 117693510700300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/117693510700300019.

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Noise in mass spectrometry can interfere with identification of the biochemical substances in the sample. For example, the electric motors and circuits inside the mass spectrometer or in nearby equipment generate random noise that may distort the true shape of mass spectra. This paper presents a stochastic signal processing approach to analyzing noise from electrical noise sources (i.e., noise from instrumentation) in MALDI TOF mass spectrometry. Noise from instrumentation was hypothesized to be a mixture of thermal noise, 1/f noise, and electric or magnetic interference in the instrument. Parametric power spectral density estimation was conducted to derive the power distribution of noise from instrumentation with respect to frequencies. As expected, the experimental results show that noise from instrumentation contains 1/f noise and prominent periodic components in addition to thermal noise. These periodic components imply that the mass spectrometers used in this study may not be completely shielded from the internal or external electrical noise sources. However, according to a simulation study of human plasma mass spectra, noise from instrumentation does not seem to affect mass spectra significantly. In conclusion, analysis of noise from instrumentation using stochastic signal processing here provides an intuitive perspective on how to quantify noise in mass spectrometry through spectral modeling.

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32

Pollard, Matthew J., Christopher K. Hilton, Hongli Li, Kimberly Kaplan, Richard A. Yost, and Herbert H. Hill. "Ion mobility spectrometer—field asymmetric ion mobility spectrometer-mass spectrometry." International Journal for Ion Mobility Spectrometry 14, no. 1 (March 9, 2011): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12127-011-0058-9.

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33

Gao, Yin Han, Jing Zhou, Wei Wang, and Bao Jun Wu. "Data Acquisition and High Speed Storage by FPGA Implementation in the Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry." Applied Mechanics and Materials 239-240 (December 2012): 901–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.239-240.901.

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A design method of data acquisition and data storage buffer control logic in the quadrupole mass spectrometry was proposed. The control logic builds a high-speed built-in FIFO memory on FPGA to buffer of mass spectrometry data. FIFO storage capacity of 16K bytes and simultaneous reading and writing speed of 60Mbps were realized by control logic system. The data acquisition and storage buffer system had been used on the Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry and Quadrupole Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry to reduce the single scanning time of MS analysis. A higher sensitivity had been obtained by increasing the scanning rate of mass spectrometer.

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Kataev, S. S., O. N. Dvorskaya, M. A. Gofenberg, A. V. Labutin, and A. B. Melentyev. "ANALYTICAL FEATURES OF SYNTHETIC MDMB(N)-073F CANNABIMIMETICS AND ITS MARKERS IN BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL." Pharmacy & Pharmacology 7, no. 4 (September 10, 2019): 184–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.19163/2307-9266-2019-7-4-184-197.

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The aim of the research is to study both analytical features of synthetic MDMB(N)-073F cannabimimetics of indazole carboxamides group by gas chromatography methods combined with tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-HRMS) as well as characteristics of the major MDMB(N)-073F metabolite, its glucuronide and derivatives, using gas chromatography with mass-spectrometric (GC-MS) detection and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with MS/MS mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) in urine samples to be applied in expert practice, chemical-toxicological and forensic and chemical analyses.Materials and methods. To carry out the study, the following materials were used: plant-based objects with narcotic drugs withdrawn from illegal trafficking and applied to them;. urine samples to be studied under chemical-toxicological and forensic and chemical analyses. For solid-phase epitaxy, SampliQ EVIDEX TFE cartridges – 200 mg – 3 ml (Agilent, USA) were used for sample preparation; β-glucuronidase, Type HP-2, From Helix Pomatia, 100000 UA/ml (Sigma-ALDRICH CHEMI, Germany) was used for enzymatic hydrolysis. GC-MS/MS analysis was made using Agilent 7890 gas chromatograph with a tandem quadrupolar mass-spectrometer Agilent 7000 (Agilent, США); GC-MS analysis was carrid out using gas chromatograph Agilent 7820 with mass-selective detector Agilent 5975 (Agilent, USA); HPLC-HRMS research was made on liquid chromatograph Agilent 1260 with tandem hybrid high-resolution quadrupole-time-of-flight detector Agilent 6540 (Agilent, США); liquid chromatograph Agilent 1260 with Agilent 6460 (Agilent, USA) with tandem mass-spectrometer were used for making HPLC-MS/MS research.Results. The structure of MDMB(N)-073F compound has been confirmed and an exact mass of the protonated molecule corresponding to the chemical formula C19H27FN3O3 fixed by GC-MS/MS and HPLC-HRMS methods. Spectral characteristics of MDMB(N)-073F have been given. One of the branches in MDMB(N)-073F biotransformation in the human body found out by GC-MS and HPLC-MS/MS methods, is the ester decomposition with further conjugation of the resulting acid. The product interacting with glucuronic acid, is found to be the conjugate of major MDMB(N)-073F metabolite of the Ist phase in biotransformation. Metabolites appearing due to the ester decomposition and its conjugate with glucuronic acid, are recommended to be used as markers for synthetic MDMB(N)-073F cannabimimetics in the analysis by chromatographic methods; they can be used for regular screening of biological samples.Conclusion. The research results presented here, are the following: the analytical features characteristic for synthetic MDMB(N)-073F cannabimimetics found out by gas chromatography methods combined with tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/ MS) and liquid chromatography of hybrid high-resolution quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-HRMS), as well as characteristics of major MDMB(N)-073F metabolite, its glucuronide and derivatives with the use of gas chromatography with mass-spectrometric detection (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) in urine samples to be applied in expert practice, chemical-toxicological, forensic and chemical analyses.

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Chun, Sechul, Manikandan Muthu, and Judy Gopal. "Mass Spectrometry as an Analytical Tool for Detection of Microplastics in the Environment." Chemosensors 10, no. 12 (December 12, 2022): 530. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10120530.

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Plastic particles smaller than 5 mm accumulate in aqueous, terrestrial, and atmospheric environments and their discovery has been a serious concern when it comes to eco-toxicology and human health risk assessment. In the following review, the potential of mass spectrometry (MS) for the detection of microplastic (MP) pollutants has been elaborately reviewed. The use of various mass spectrometric techniques ranging from gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), liquid chromatographic mass spectrometric (LC-MS) to matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), including their variants, have been reviewed. The lapses in the detection system have been addressed and future recommendations proposed. The challenges facing microplastics and their detection have been discussed and future directions, including mitigation methods, have been presented.

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Dorozhkin, I. P., Yu V. Baklanova, and Ye V. Mustafina. "DEVELOPMENT OF FIELD SPECTROMETRY DATABASE." NNC RK Bulletin, no. 2 (October 17, 2021): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.52676/1729-7885-2021-2-19-24.

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The paper considers the issues in design and development of databases for storage and processing gamma-spectrometric information. A model is presented that allows one to describe the conceptual schemes for storing and processing data obtained during field gamma-spectrometric surveys in principle and, in particular, on the territory of the Semipalatinsk test site. The possibilities of the database of field spectrometry are described. The interface for interaction between the user and the database management system has been implemented.

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Woehlck, Harvey J., Marshall Dunning, Kasem Nithipatikom, Alexander H. Kulier, and Daniel W. Henry. "Mass Spectrometry Provides Warning of Carbon Monoxide Exposure Via Trifluoromethane." Anesthesiology 84, no. 6 (June 1, 1996): 1489–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199606000-00026.

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Background The chemical breakdown of isoflurane, enflurane, or desflurane in dried carbon dioxide absorbents may produce carbon monoxide. Some mass spectrometers can give false indications of enflurane during anesthetic breakdown. Methods During clinical anesthesia with isoflurane or desflurane, the presence of carbon monoxide in respiratory gas was confirmed when enflurane was inappropriately indicated by a clinical mass spectrometer that identified enflurane at mass to charge ratio = 69. In vitro, isoflurane, enflurane, or desflurane in oxygen was passed through dried carbon dioxide absorbents at 35, 45, and 55 degrees C. Gases were analyzed by gas chromatography and by mass spectrometry. Results Mass spectrometry identified several clinical incidents in which 30-410 ppm carbon monoxide was measured in respiratory gas. Trifluoromethane was produced during in vitro breakdown of isoflurane or desflurane. Although these inappropriately indicated quantities of "enflurane" correlated (r2 > 0.95) to carbon monoxide concentrations under a variety of conditions, this ratio varied with temperature, anesthetic agent, absorbent type, and water content. Conclusions Trifluoromethane causes the inappropriate indication of enflurane by mass spectrometry, and indicates isoflurane and desflurane breakdown. Because the ratio of carbon monoxide to trifluoromethane varies with conditions, this technique cannot be used to quantitatively determine the amount of carbon monoxide to which a patient is exposed. If any warning of anesthetic breakdown results from this technique then remedial steps should be taken immediately to stop patient exposure to carbon monoxide. No warning can be provided for the breakdown of enflurane by this technique.

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Tagziria, H., and W. Hansen. "Neutron spectrometry in mixed fields: proportional counter spectrometers." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 107, no. 1-3 (November 1, 2003): 73–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006389.

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Wingerd, Mark A., and Raymond E. Dessy. "A Multi-Mode Spectrometer for Atomic Emission Spectrometry." Applied Spectroscopy 44, no. 9 (November 1990): 1444–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702904417670.

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Robinson, Carol V. "Mass spectrometry: From plasma proteins to mitochondrial membranes." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 8 (February 4, 2019): 2814–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1820450116.

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In this Inaugural Article, I trace some key steps that have enabled the development of mass spectrometry for the study of intact protein complexes from a variety of cellular environments. Beginning with the preservation of the first soluble complexes from plasma, I describe our early experiments that capitalize on the heterogeneity of subunit composition during assembly and exchange reactions. During these investigations, we observed many assemblies and intermediates with different subunit stoichiometries, and were keen to ascertain whether or not their overall topology was preserved in the mass spectrometer. Adapting ion mobility and soft-landing methodologies, we showed how ring-shaped complexes could survive the phase transition. The next logical progression from soluble complexes was to membrane protein assemblies but this was not straightforward. We encountered many pitfalls along the way, largely due to the use of detergent micelles to protect and stabilize complexes. Further obstacles presented when we attempted to distinguish lipids that copurify from those that are important for function. Developing new experimental protocols, we have subsequently defined lipids that change protein conformation, mediate oligomeric states, and facilitate downstream coupling of G protein-coupled receptors. Very recently, using a radical method—ejecting protein complexes directly from native membranes into mass spectrometers—we provided insights into associations within membranes and mitochondria. Together, these developments suggest the beginnings of mass spectrometry meeting with cell biology.

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McComb, Mark E., Lynda J. Donald, and Hélène Perreault. "Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and on-line capillary zone electrophoresis - mass spectrometry for the characterization of citrate synthase." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 77, no. 11 (November 1, 1999): 1752–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v99-138.

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The enzyme citrate synthase from E. coli is a protein with a molecular weight (Mr) of 47 885 Da (wild type). This enzyme has been studied extensively, and its amino acid sequence has been characterized. This model protein has been used in this work for development and validation of methods involving capillary electrophoresis (CE) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The Mr determinations were conducted using sample infusion ESI-MS, and the tryptic digestion products of wild-type citrate synthase were characterized by on-line CE-ESI-MS coupled with a sheathless interface. On-line experiments were conducted on two different mass spectrometers, a Quattro-LC triple quadrupole instrument equipped with a Z-SprayTM source (Micromass), and a reflecting time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer built in-house in the Time-of-Flight Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Manitoba. This is the first article to be written on the interfacing of a Z-SprayTM source with CE. Unmodified fused silica capillaries gold-coated sheathless interfaces were used. The on-line CE separations yielded theoretical plate numbers greater than 104 on average. Selected ion electrophorograms (SIE) of the tryptic peptides recorded on the Quattro-LC displayed S/N ratios ranging from ca. 14 to 120 on raw data. These SIE enabled identification of each peptide. The use of reflecting time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) afforded mass resolution values of ca. 6000 (m/deltamFWHM), which enabled isotopic resolution of the peptide components. CE-ESI-MS and CE-ESI-TOFMS experiments enabled the generation of a complete tryptic map of citrate synthase.Key words: capillary electrophoresis, electrospray ionization, mass spectrometry, citrate synthase, tryptic digestion, triple quadrupole analyzer, time-of-flight analyzer.

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Ingham, Mark N., and Bruno A. R. Vrebos. "High Productivity Geochemical XRF Analysis." Advances in X-ray Analysis 37 (1993): 717–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/s0376030800016281.

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XRF has become over the years a method of choice when dealing with elemental analysis of large quantities of samples. Geochemical analysis pushes the technique to its limits because of the large number of samples to be analysed as well as the lower limits of detection required for many trace elements of geochemical and economic importance. The Analytical Geochemistry Group at the British Geological Survey (BGS) has access to a wide variety of methods for instrumental analysis. Instrumental methods for inorganic analysis include x-ray fluorescence as well as DC arc emission spectrometry, atomic absorption spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). X-ray fluorescence, however, is the technique of choice when it comes to the routine analysis of large numbers of solid samples. The XRF section at BGS currently runs three sequential spectrometers (one PW1480 and two PW2400s made by Philips Analytical X-Ray). In this paper, some aspects of the method of sample preparation and the calibration of the spectrometers for the analysis of the trace elements are discussed.

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Povinec, P., M. Betti, A. Jull, and P. Vojtyla. "New isotope technologies in environmental physics." Acta Physica Slovaca. Reviews and Tutorials 58, no. 1 (February 1, 2008): 1–154. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10155-010-0088-6.

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New isotope technologies in environmental physicsAs the levels of radionuclides observed at present in the environment are very low, high sensitive analytical systems are required for carrying out environmental investigations. We review recent progress which has been done in low-level counting techniques in both radiometrics and mass spectrometry sectors, with emphasis on underground laboratories, Monte Carlo (GEANT) simulation of background of HPGe detectors operating in various configurations, secondary ionisation mass spectrometry, and accelerator mass spectrometry. Applications of radiometrics and mass spectrometry techniques in radioecology and climate change studies are presented and discussed as well. The review should help readers in better orientation on recent developments in the field of low-level counting and spectrometry, and to advice on construction principles of underground laboratories, as well as on criteria how to choose low or high energy mass spectrometers for environmental investigations.

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Makarov, V. A., and T. K. Savosteenko. "Determination of phosphorus mass fraction in steels of plasma atomic emission spectrometry." Litiyo i Metallurgiya (FOUNDRY PRODUCTION AND METALLURGY), no. 1 (March 26, 2021): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1683-6065-2021-1-86-90.

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A method for measuring the mass fraction of phosphorus in steels by atomic emission spectrometry with the inductively coupled plasma (AES-ICP) has been developed. Possibilities of atomic emission spectrometers of iCAP series for determination of phosphorus in steels allowing to reduce considerably duration of the analysis and to increase its profitability in comparison with chemical methods of the analysis are investigated. A method of decomposition of steel for the complete transfer of phosphorus into solution is proposed. The possibility of software spectrometers “iTeva” in the analysis by the method of relative concentrations. Calibration of the spectrometer was carried out on aqueous solutions with a known concentration of phosphorus using the method of relative concentrations. For the preparation of calibration solutions, chemically pure salt was used. The analytical line free from spectral overlays is selected. A good correlation of the calibration graph is obtained. The correctness of the determination is confirmed by the analysis of standard samples and comparison with the results of the determination in accordance with the chemical method. The developed technique is used in determining the mass fraction of phosphorus in steels. Validation of the methodology was carried out. iCAP spectrometers can be used to determine the mass fraction of phosphorus in steels.

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Miraliakbari, A., M. Hahn, and H. G. Maas. "Development of a Multi-Sensor System for Road Condition Mapping." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-1 (November 7, 2014): 265–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-1-265-2014.

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We present a concept for a vehicle based road condition mapping system using infrared spectrometers, high resolution RGB cameras and a laser scanner. Infrared spectrometry is employed to monitor the deterioration of the surface material and pavement condition, in particular by aging. High resolution RGB imaging enables automatic asphalt crack detection and provides base images for spectrometry spots. Laser scanning aims at the detection of geometrical road irregularities and pavement failures such as potholes and ruts. These three major recordings contribute to the analysis of the pavements condition. All mapping sensors are synchronised with a navigation sensor to collect geo-referenced data. The concept of road condition mapping relies on a separate analysis of the different sensor data which are related to road sections. Processing results like the percentage of the road section area related to cracks, pot holes, ruts etc. are merged to achieve an assessment for the road section. The processes for assessing deterioration from the spectrometer data, the detection of ruts from the laser data and cracks from the images are discussed in detail and outlined with some experiments.

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Monsandl, Thomas, Graham Macfarlane, Robert Flammang, and Curt Wentrup. "Mass Spectrometry of Benzyne and Cyclopentadienylideneketene." Australian Journal of Chemistry 63, no. 7 (2010): 1076. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch09640.

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The formation of cyclopentadienylideneketene 2 and benzyne 1 in flash vacuum thermolysis reactions is investigated by on-line mass spectrometry. Compounds 13, 14, and 15 all afford ketene 2, which decomposes to benzyne and CO in the high-temperature regime. Cyclopentadienylideneketene 2 is stable on the microsecond time-scale of neutralization-reionization experiments. Collisional activation mass spectrometry of m/z 76 from 14, 15, and 5 indicates that the C6H4•+ ions most likely undergo ring opening in the mass spectrometer.

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Honour, John W. "Benchtop mass spectrometry in clinical biochemistry." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 40, no. 6 (November 1, 2003): 628–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/000456303770367216.

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Mass spectrometry has for many years enabled us to rapidly identify and quantify many different compounds in biological samples. The equipment is currently available in specialist centres investigating metabolic disorders and in toxicology laboratories. Improvements in sample introduction and refinements in the mass spectrometry hardware now allow higher sample throughput without extensive sample purification. Many mass spectrometers are compact and operated by computers that also assist data handling. Mass spectrometry has the potential to change hospital laboratory operations generally. Consideration of the practical and financial aspects of its application may reveal cost-effective means of improving the specificity of analyte assay. Considerable advantages are expected in the analysis of metabolites and drugs and in proteomics.

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Dabhi, Ranjitsinh C., Unnati P. Patel, Vaibhavi B. Rathod, Siddharth N. Shah, and Jayesh J. Maru. "Process optimization for acid-amine coupling: a catalytic approach." Current Chemistry Letters 12, no. 1 (2023): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.ccl.2022.8.010.

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Proficient routes were devised for coupling different aromatic/aliphatic acids with amines to form amide linkage using various catalysts. Under the optimized reaction conditions, highest conversion was possible without formation of any by-products. All synthesized compounds were purified using column chromatography and characterized by mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis.

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Hale, John E. "Advantageous Uses of Mass Spectrometry for the Quantification of Proteins." International Journal of Proteomics 2013 (January 8, 2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/219452.

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Quantitative protein measurements by mass spectrometry have gained wide acceptance in research settings. However, clinical uptake of mass spectrometric protein assays has not followed suit. In part, this is due to the long-standing acceptance by regulatory agencies of immunological assays such as ELISA assays. In most cases, ELISAs provide highly accurate, sensitive, relatively inexpensive, and simple assays for many analytes. The barrier to acceptance of mass spectrometry in these situations will remain high. However, mass spectrometry provides solutions to certain protein measurements that are difficult, if not impossible, to accomplish by immunological methods. Cases where mass spectrometry can provide solutions to difficult assay development include distinguishing between very closely related protein species and monitoring biological and analytical variability due to sample handling and very high multiplexing capacity. This paper will highlight several examples where mass spectrometry has made certain protein measurements possible where immunological techniques have had a great difficulty.

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Rogowska, Agnieszka, Małgorzata Szultka-Młyńska, Basem Kanawati, Paweł Pomastowski, Adrian Arendowski, Adrian Gołębiowski, Phillipe Schmitt-Kopplin, et al. "Advanced Mass Spectrometric Techniques for the Comprehensive Study of Synthesized Silicon-Based Silyl Organic Compounds: Identifying Fragmentation Pathways and Characterization." Materials 16, no. 9 (May 6, 2023): 3563. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16093563.

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The primary objective of this study was to synthesize and characterize novel silicon-based silyl organic compounds in order to gain a deeper understanding of their potential applications and interactions with other compounds. Four new artificial silyl organic compounds were successfully synthesized: 1-O-(Trimethylsilyl)-2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-d-glucopyranose (compound 1), 1-[(1,1-dimethylehtyl)diphenylsilyl]-1H-indole (compound 2), O-tert-butyldiphenylsilyl-(3-hydroxypropyl)oleate (compound 3), and 1-O-tert-Butyldiphenylsilyl-myo-inositol (compound 4). To thoroughly characterize these synthesized compounds, a combination of advanced mass spectrometric techniques was employed, including nanoparticle-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (NALDI-MS), Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), and triple quadrupole electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (QqQ ESI-MS/MS). These analytical methods enabled the accurate identification and characterization of the synthesized silyl organic compounds, providing valuable insights into their properties and potential applications. Furthermore, the electrospray ionization–Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance–tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-FT-ICR-MS/MS) technique facilitated the proposal of fragmentation pathways for the ionized silyl organic compounds, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of their behavior during mass spectrometric analysis. These findings suggest that mass spectrometric techniques offer a highly effective means of investigating and characterizing naturally occurring silicon-based silyl organic compounds, with potential implications for advancing research in various fields and applications in different industries.

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