Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Spectre de distance'
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Ellouze, Malek. "Propriétés de distance des codes polaires : théorie et applications." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0132.
Full textError-correcting codes are essential for ensuring reliable data transmission, especially in contexts where various interferences may compromise data integrity. Polar codes are one of the most competitive families of error-correcting codes. They can achieve Shannon channel capacity through efficient encoding and decoding for very large code lengths. For these reasons, polar codes have been included in the 5G standard. Additionally, they are the subject of several research efforts for the future 6G standard.However, polar codes, as originally designed for successive cancellation (SC) decoding, exhibit limited performance for moderate code lengths. This is in part due to their weak distance properties and partly to the nature of hard decision decoding. However, with the use of mainly list decoding and several other enhancements, including pre-transformation, polar codes are now competitive with LDPC and turbo codes.In this context, this thesis aims to study and analyze polar codes focusing on two fundamental aspects that influence their performance: their distance properties and their performance for list decoding.After a comprehensive review of polar code definition, various variants, decoding algorithms, and concepts related to their distance spectrum, a first contribution characterizes some distance properties of classical and pre-transformed polar codes. This method has the advantage of being entirely independent of code construction, making it applicable to different configurations. Moreover, the proposed approach distinguishes itself by having lower computational complexity than methods in the existing literature.Polar code puncturing and shortening techniques are introduced as variants to obtain polar codes whose sizes are not necessarily powers of two. A second contribution involves generalizing the developed approach within the thesis to punctured and shortened polar codes. It is noteworthy that this approach can be applied regardless of the puncturing and/or shortening technique used.Finally, the question of the list size necessary for list decoding (SCL) to achieve maximum likelihood performance is addressed. Since this depends on code construction, an algorithm is proposed to estimate the average list size required to achieve the best decoding performance. This constitutes a very useful contribution for constructing codes that offer a compromise between distance properties and list decoding with controlled computational complexity
Amaral, Souto Sérgio Paulo. "Ordre à moyenne distance dans les verres de borate ternaires." Paris 6, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA066300.
Full textBertrand, Jérôme. "Pincement spectral en courbure positive." Paris 11, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008705.
Full textOn the set of compact Riemannian manifolds with positive Ricci curvature (normalized by Ric ≥ (n-1)g), the first eigenvalue of the Laplacian acting on functions reaches its minimum only for the round sphere. In this thesis, we characterize, using the Gromov-Hausdorff distance, Riemannian manifolds with positive Ricci curvature whose first eigenvalues are close to those of the round sphere. This property of minimality of the spectrum of the round sphere has been extended by a symmetrization principle, to the Dirichlet spectrum of the geodesic balls of the round sphere among the domains of Riemannian manifolds with positive curvature. We study the domains of Riemannian manifolds with positive Ricci curvature whose first Dirichlet eigenvalue is almost minimal. In particular, we show that a domain whose first Dirichlet eigenvalue is close to the one of a hemisphere is Gromov-Hausdorff close to a hemisphere of a sine warped product
Cerocchi, Filippo. "Dynamical and Spectral applications of Gromov-Hausdorff Theory." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENM077/document.
Full textThis Ph.D. Thesis is divided into two parts. In the first part we present the barycenter method, a technique which has been introduced by G. Besson, G. Courtois and S. Gallot in 1995, in order to solve the Minimal Entropy conjecture. In Chapter 1 we are interested in the more recent developments of this method, more precisely in the recent extension of the method to the case of manifolds having sectional curvature of variable sign. In Chapters 2 and 3 we shall present some new results whose proofs make use of the barycenter method. The Conjugacy Rigidity problem is the theme of Chapter 2. First we show a general result which provide a comparison between the large scale geometry of the Riemannian universal coverings of two compact manifolds whose geodesic flows are conjugates. Then we shall show how we can apply the latter result and the barycenter method in curvature of variable sign in order to give a new proof of the conjugacy rigidity of flat manifolds. In Chapter 3 we shall give a proof of a spectra comparison theorem for a compact Riemannian manifold which admits a Gromov-Hausdorff-approximation of non zero absolute degree on a fixed compact manifold (X,g') and which has volume almost smaller than the one of the reference manifold. The proof relies on the barycenter method in curvature of variable sign and on iterated Sobolev inequalities. We underline that it is an approximation result (and not just a convergence result) and that no curvature assumptions are made or inferred on (Y,g). The second part of the Thesis consists of a single chapter. In this chapter we prove a Margulis Lemma without curvature assumptions for Riemannian manifolds having decomposable 2-torsionless fundamental group. We shall give also a proof of a universal lower bound for the homotopy systole of compact Riemannian manifolds having bounded volume entropy and diameter, and decomposable torsionless fundamental group. As a consequence of the latter result we shall deduce a Precompactness and Finiteness theorem and a Volume estimate without curvature assumptions
Stolle, Martin Tobias. "Vers le vol à voile longue distance pour drones autonomes." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ESAE0006.
Full textSmall fixed-wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) provide utility to research, military, and industrial sectors at comparablyreasonable cost, but still suffer from both limited operational ranges and payload capacities. Thermal soaring flight for UAVsoffers a significant potential to reduce the energy consumption. However, without remote sensing of updrafts, a glider UAVcan only benefit from an updraft when encountering it by chance. In this thesis, a new framework for autonomous cross-country soaring is elaborated, enabling a glider UAV to visually localize sub-cumulus thermal updrafts and to efficiently gain energy from them.Relying on the Unscented Kalman Filter, a monocular vision-based method is established, for remotely estimatingsub-cumulus updraft parameters. Its capability of providing convergent and consistent state estimates is assessed relyingon Monte Carlo Simulations. Model uncertainties, image processing noise, and poor observer trajectories can degrade theestimated updraft parameters. Therefore, a second focus of this thesis is the design of a robust probabilistic path plannerfor map-based autonomous cross-country soaring. The proposed path planner balances between the flight time and theoutlanding risk by taking into account the estimation uncertainties in the decision making process. The suggested updraftestimation and path planning algorithms are jointly assessed in a 6 Degrees Of Freedom simulator, highlighting significantperformance improvements with respect to state of the art approaches in autonomous cross-country soaring while it is alsoshown that the path planner is implementable on a low-cost computer platform
Bertrand, Jerome. "Pincement spectral en courbure positive." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008705.
Full textNader, Rafic. "A study concerning the positive semi-definite property for similarity matrices and for doubly stochastic matrices with some applications." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC210.
Full textMatrix theory has shown its importance by its wide range of applications in different fields such as statistics, machine learning, economics and signal processing. This thesis concerns three main axis related to two fundamental objects of study in matrix theory and that arise naturally in many applications, that are positive semi-definite matrices and doubly stochastic matrices.One concept which stems naturally from machine learning area and is related to the positive semi-definite property, is the one of similarity matrices. In fact, similarity matrices that are positive semi-definite are of particular importance because of their ability to define metric distances. This thesis will explore the latter desirable structure for a list of similarity matrices found in the literature. Moreover, we present new results concerning the strictly positive definite and the three positive semi-definite properties of particular similarity matrices. A detailed discussion of the many applications of all these properties in various fields is also established.On the other hand, an interesting research field in matrix analysis involves the study of roots of stochastic matrices which is important in Markov chain models in finance and healthcare. We extend the analysis of this problem to positive semi-definite doubly stochastic matrices.Our contributions include some geometrical properties of the set of all positive semi-definite doubly stochastic matrices of order n with nonnegative pth roots for a given integer p. We also present methods for finding classes of positive semi-definite doubly stochastic matrices that have doubly stochastic pth roots for all p, by making use of the theory of M-Matrices and the symmetric doubly stochastic inverse eigenvalue problem (SDIEP), which is also of independent interest.In the context of the SDIEP, which is the problem of characterising those lists of real numbers which are realisable as the spectrum of some symmetric doubly stochastic matrix, we present some new results along this line. In particular, we propose to use a recursive method on constructing doubly stochastic matrices from smaller size matrices with known spectra to obtain new independent sufficient conditions for SDIEP. Finally, we focus our attention on the realizability by a symmetric doubly stochastic matrix of normalised Suleimanova spectra which is a normalized variant of the spectra introduced by Suleimanova. In particular, we prove that such spectra is not always realizable for odd orders and we construct three families of sufficient conditions that make a refinement for previously known sufficient conditions for SDIEP in the particular case of normalized Suleimanova spectra
Fiori, Costantino. "Oxydation du silicium et modification de l'ordre à courte distance dans les oxydes de silicium induits par un rayonnement laser ultra violet." Grenoble 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986GRE10131.
Full textGodbout, Martin. "Mesures de distances et de spectres résolus en distance en utilisant les battements hétérodynes entre peignes de fréquences." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27451/27451.pdf.
Full textMourgela, Vasiliki. "Conception et implantation d'un dispositif de formation en ligne pour les parents d'enfants avec un trouble du spectre de l'autisme : adaptation en format à distance du programme psychoéducatif "l'A.B.C. du comportement d'enfant ayant un TSA : des parents en action"." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAG003/document.
Full textThe Internet has deeply influenced our personal and social life, as well as the educational field. The e-learning revolution refers to recent advances in the educational field and the usage of digital tools for teaching and the delivery of educational content. The field of health can profit by adapting to this new reality and by adopting digital tools suitable to offer online training. From this perspective, this research project describes the process of developing an online adaptation of a psycho-educational program targeted to parents of children with autism disorder. This thesis is a monograph describing the steps required to design and implement this training program in an online version. By adopting the method of Educational Design Research, we investigate relevant theories and concepts that are later used to guide our practical contribution : the instructional design and implementation of a prototype, that is implemented and tested with the first users
Taylor, Melinda Marie. "Analysis of Cepheid Spectra." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/388.
Full textTaylor, Melinda Marie. "Analysis of Cepheid Spectra." University of Sydney, Physics, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/388.
Full textHarrell, Dameon C. (Dameon Cartíer) 1976. "Effects of microphone type and distance upon the spectra of speech sounds." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80067.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (leaf 71).
by Dameon C. Harrell.
S.B.and M.Eng.
Fofana, Nezo Ibrahim. "Contribution aux architectures protocolaires pour un système de localisation dans un réseau de capteurs sans fil basé sur une couche physique 802.15.4a UWB." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU20049/document.
Full textIn recent years, Wireless Sensor Networks has gained an important interest in all fields of activity. One of the expected information is the sensor nodes localization; However, due to the sensors constraints in terms of memory and energy, it is not possible to equip the sensor with specific equipment dedicated to the localization as the GPS receiver. Thus, locating the sensor by using the communication signal is an interesting option. In contrast to Range-Free techniques which use assumptions of network connectivity, the Range-Based techniques are known to reach good localization accuracy and, in our case, they are based on the measurement of the time of flight of the radio signal UWB. Our contributions focus on the choice of an efficient physical layer, on the implementation of tools that promote a good temporal accuracy in radio exchanges, and the development of an original distance evaluation protocol. Research works presented in this manuscript aim to address the global general problem of indoor localization in wireless sensor networks, and particularly the ranging functionality which is the distance evaluation mechanism between nodes. At first we implemented and evaluated the well-known protocols encountered in the literature. Then, we identify and correct errors that may bias the Time of flight metric. We propose the 2M-TWR protocol (2 Messages - Two Way Ranging) as an improvement to the TWR reference protocol. Finally, we propose and implement the BB-TWR (Beacon Based-TWR) protocol, which is able to perform ranging, sequentially and non-sequentially, by including the necessary time information in any existing broadcast native traffic. The proofs of concept were prototyped and evaluated on a real testbed
Dougall, Rhiannon. "Critical exponents, the spectrum of group extended transfer operators and Kazhdan distance." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/95546/.
Full textDiego, Víctor. "On some spectral and combinatorial properties of distance-regular graphs and their generalizations." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/461632.
Full textEn este documento presentamos el estudio realizado en Teoría de Grafos. En los primeros capítulos de la tesis estudiamos las distinetas piezas de información que se pueden obtener de un grafo: el espectro de su matriz de adyacencia, los números de preintersección, los polinomios predistancia o la cantidad media de caminos cerrados. Algunos de estas piezas de información son generalizaciones directas de los números de intersección o los pollinomios distancia definidos en los grafos distancia-regulares. Demostramos que las múltiples propiedades que tienen estas piezas de información en los grafos distancia-regulares se mantienen también en sus generalizaciones, pudiendo aplicar estas propiedades a todo tipo de grafos. Demostramos también que las ditintas piezas de información (ya sean de naturaleza algebraica o combinatoria) son equivalentes. Es decir, podemos obtener cada una de estas piezas en términos de cada una de las otras; probando así que las propiedades del grafo derivadas de cada una de estas piezas puede ser obtenida en términos de cada una de las otras. Dedicamos uno de los capítulos de la tesis a describir cuáles son los procesos específicos completos mediante los cuales obtener cada pieza de información en función de las otras. En esta tesis introducimos también los grafos distance mean-regular. Estos grafos son una generalización de los grafos distancia-regulares. En esta ocasión, al grafo se le exigen propiedades combinatorias y generalizamos las propiedades algebraicas de los grafos distancia-regulares. Generalizamos el espectro de un grafo para introducir el "pseudo-espectro" y generalizamos el álgebra de Bose-Mesner en distintas álgebras de matrices. El estudio de estas generalizaciones, así cómo su relación entre ellas nos proporciona propiedades combinatorias y algebraicas del grafo. En la parte final de la tesis estudiamos el problema isoperimétrico de vértices en el Grafo de Johnson J(n,m). Solucionamos el problema completamente para varios casos particulares: J(n,1), J(n,2) y J(2m-2,m), así como sus simétricos J(n,n-2) y J(2m+2,m). La solución para estos casos son los segmentos iniciales del orden colexicográfico. Este orden es también la solución para cardinales pequeños en todos los grafos de esta familia, así como para el comportamiento asimptótico de los parámetros n y m. Sin embargo, esta solución no es la solución óptima en todos cardinales de todos los grafos J(n,m). Demostramos y damos una familia infinita de contraejemplos para los cuales el segmento inicial de orden colexicográfico no es óptimo en términos del problema isoperimétrico de vértices
Blondin, Stephane. "Optical Spectra of Thermonuclear Supernovae in the Local and Distant Universe." Diss., lmu, 2005. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-44178.
Full textDeborah, Hilda. "Towards spectral mathematical morphology." Thesis, Poitiers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016POIT2328/document.
Full textProviding not only spatial information but also spectral measure as a function of wavelength, hyperspectral imaging boasts a much greater gain in accuracy than the traditional color imaging. And for this capability, hyperspectral imaging has been employed for quality control, inspection of materials in various fields. However, to fully exploit this potential, it is important to process the spectral data as a measure. This induces the need of metrology where accuracy, uncertainty, and bias are managed at every level of processing.Aiming at developing a metrological image processing framework for spectral data, we select to develop a nonlinear approach using the mathematical morphology framework and extended it to the spectral domain by means of a distance-based ordering relation. A novel spectral distance function and spectral ordering relation are proposed, in addition of a new analysis tools based on spectral differences. To ensure the validity of the spectral mathematical morphology framework, rigorous theoretical validation and metrological assessment are carried out at each development stages. So, protocols for quality assessment of spectral image processing tools are developed. These protocols consist of artificial datasets to validate completely the theoretical requirements, datasets with known characteristics to assess the robustness and stability, and datasets from real cases to proof the usefulness of the framework on applicative context. The application tasks themselves are within the cultural heritage domain, where the target images come from pigments and paintings
Hyperspektral avbildning muliggjør mye mer nøyaktige målinger enn tradisjonelle gråskala og fargebilder, gjennom både høy romlig og spektral oppløsning (funksjon av bølgelengde). På grunn av dette har hyperspektral avbildning blitt anvendt i økende grad ulike applikasjoner som kvalitetskontroll og inspeksjon av materialer. Men for å fullt ut utnytte sitt potensiale, er det viktig å være i stand til å behandle spektrale bildedata som målinger på en gyldig måte. Dette induserer behovet for metrologi, der nøyaktighet, usikkerhet og skjevhet blir adressert og kontrollert på alle nivå av bildebehandlingen.Med sikte på å utvikle et metrologisk rammeverk for spektral bildebehandling valgte vi en ikke-lineær metodikk basert på det etablerte matematisk morfologi-rammeverket. Vi har utvidet dette rammeverket til det spektrale domenet ved hjelp av en avstandsbasert sorteringsrelasjon. En ny spektral avstandsfunksjon og nye spektrale sorteringsrelasjoner ble foreslått, samt nye verktøy for spektral bildeanalyse basert på histogrammer av spektrale forskjeller.For å sikre gyldigheten av det nye spektrale rammeverket for matematisk morfologi, har vi utført en grundig teoretisk validering og metrologisk vurde-ring på hvert trinn i utviklingen. Dermed er og-så nye protokoller for kvalitetsvurdering av spektrale bildebehandlingsverktøy utviklet. Disse protokollene består av kunstige datasett for å validere de teoretiske måletekniske kravene, bildedatasett med kjente egenskaper for å vurdere robustheten og stabiliteten, og datasett fra reelle anvendelser for å bevise nytten av rammeverket i en anvendt sammenheng. De valgte anvendelsene er innenfor kulturminnefeltet, hvor de analyserte bildene er av pigmenter og malerier
Entesar, Abdullah Ali. "Statistical analysis of truck loading on Swedish highways." Thesis, KTH, Transportvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-45980.
Full textChen, Brenden Chong. "Robust image hash functions using higher order spectra." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2012. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/61087/1/Brenden_Chen_Thesis.pdf.
Full textJINNO, Masahiko, Akira HIRANO, Yoshiaki SONE, Ken-ichi SATO, Hiroshi HASEGAWA, and Tatsumi TAKAGI. "Impact of Elastic Optical Paths That Adopt Distance Adaptive Modulation to Create Efficient Networks." 電子情報通信学会, 2012. https://search.ieice.org/.
Full textDobroc, Alexandre. "Etude et réalisation de dispositifs optiques à large couverture spectrale pour la détection multi-gaz à distance." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00959752.
Full textSmith, Jonathan Andrew. "Before dark, how distant the past." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1485801095348678.
Full textBody, Monique. "Détermination et modélisation des paramètres de résonance magnétique nucléaire de (19)F et (27)Al dans les fluoroaluminates : relation avec la structure à courte et moyenne distance." Le Mans, 2005. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2005/2005LEMA1008.pdf.
Full textThis work is divided into two parts. The first one, experimental, is related to the synthesis of crystallized and glassy fluoroaluminates (CaF2-AlF3 and BaF2-AlF3 binaries, and BaF2-CaF2-AlF3 ternary) as powder samples, and their study using 19F and 27Al high resolution solid state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. The most recent NMR experiments (MAS, SATRAS, MQ-MAS) have been worked out. Experimental spectra have been recorded for about eighty sites of F- fluorine ion and fifteen sites of Al3+ aluminium ion in the crystallized fluoroaluminates. The relevant spectroscopic parameters (isotropic chemical shift for 19F and 27Al, quadrupolar parameters for 27Al) have been determined by reconstruction of the crystallized and glassy samples spectra. The second part of this work is devoted to the modeling of these NMR parameters: 1/ 19F isotropic chemical shift using a semi-empirical method (“superposition model” developed in Le Mans) in the crystallized fluoroaluminates and using ab initio calculations (GAUSSIAN code) on a large number of crystallized inorganic fluorides; 2/ 27Al quadrupolar parameters using ab initio calculations (WIEN2k code) in crystallized fluoroaluminates. The comparison between the calculated and experimental parameters was generally satisfactory and allows us to discuss the NMR parameter values in term of chemical bond, connectivity of the network entities, and short and mean range order. Moreover, the network of fluoroaluminate glasses was also characterized
Tergiman, Yvette Suzanne. "Contribution à l'étude théorique de la dépendance en la distance internucléaire des constantes de structure diatomiques à partir des données spectroscopiques de vibration-rotation." Lyon 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985LYO10019.
Full textBen, Jamaa-Joussemet Salma. "Codage-décodage source-canal conjoint des codes arithmétiques : application au décodage robuste des vidéos codées H.264." Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA112331.
Full textThis thesis deals with joint source-channel coding and decoding (JSCC/JSCD) schemes involving arithmetic codes (AC). First, we develop a JSCD technique based on MAP estimation of CABAC encoded data. This estimator is considered to be exact as it is evaluated without approximations and with respect of the constraints imposed by an actual implementation of AC. The evaluation of the proposed MAP estimator is achieved using an improved sequential decoding technique, allowing to adjust the decoder complexity-efficiency trade-off. The purpose of the second part of this thesis is to provide analytical tools to predict and evaluate the effectiveness of the redundancy introduced by the JSCC schemes into AC. Integer binary AC is then modelled by a reduced-state automaton to obtain a bit-clock trellis. Distance spectra are then derived. The obtained distance properties provide an objective criteria that are then exploited to design efficient error-correcting arithmetic codes
Liang, Hongkang. "Statistics of nonlinear averaging spectral estimators and a novel distance measure for HMMs with application to speech quality estimation." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2005. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1031050291&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full textPapadimitriou, Panayiotis D. "Code design based on metric-spectrum and applications." Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1365.
Full textMénéxiadis, Géraldine. "Détection à grande distance et localisation du supersonique "Concorde" à partir de signaux infrasonores." Phd thesis, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille II, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00487912.
Full textLéget, Pierre-François. "Modélisation des spectres des Supernovas de Type Ia observés par la collaboration The Nearby Supernova Factory dans le but d’améliorer les mesures de distances extragalactiques." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF22730/document.
Full textAt the end of the 90s, two independent teams showed, based on distance measurements of type Ia supernovæ (SNIa), that expansion of our Universe is accelerating. Since then, one of the priorities of modern cosmology is to characterize this phenomenon and to understand its nature. The improvement of distance measurements of SNIa is one technique to improve the constraints on acceleration and to determine the physical nature of it. This document develops a new SNIa spectral energy distribution model, called the Supernova Useful Generator and Reconstructor (SUGAR), which improves distance measurement. This model is constructed from SNIa spectral properties and spectrophotometric data from The Nearby Supernova Factory collaboration. The main advancement proposed in SUGAR is the addition of two additional parameters to characterize the SNIa variability. The first depends on the properties of SNIa ejecta velocity, the second depends on their calcium lines. The addition of these parameters as well as the high quality of the data of The Nearby Supernova Factory collaboration make SUGAR the best model available to describe the spectral energy distribution of SNIa and improves distances measurements of the order of 15 % relative to the usual method. The performance of this model makes it an excellent candidate for preparing future experiments like LSST or WFIRST. In addition, this document presents an analysis of the effect of SNIa belonging to a galaxy cluster on its distance measurement. Galaxies of a cluster have a peculiar velocity much higher than the assumed value when measuring distances with SNIa. This has the effect of introducing a systematic error into the distance measurement. Failure to take into account this effect may degrade the distance measurement by 2.5% for SNIa belonging to a cluster. This analysis was carried out using data from the collaboration of the Nearby Supernova Factory and public catalogs of galaxy cluster
Wu, Haitao. "Conception et analyse d’algorithmes d’approximation dans les réseaux de communication de nouvelle génération." Thesis, Avignon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AVIG0231/document.
Full textWith the coming of intellectual era and Internet of Everything (IoE), the needs of worldwide communication and diverse applications have been explosively growing. This information revolution requires the future communication networks to be more efficient, intellectual, agile and scalable. Many technologies have emerged to meet the requirements of next generation communication networks such as Elastic Optical Networks (EONs) and networking virtualization. However, there are many challenges coming along with them, such as Routing and Spectrum Assignment (RSA) in EONs and Virtual Network Embedding (VNE) in network virtualization. This dissertation addresses the algorithm design and analysis for these challenging problems: the impacts of traffic distribution and network topology on lightpath routing, the distance spectrum assignment and the VNE problem for paths and cycles.For lightpath routing, the first subproblem of the RSA, there is always a pending issue that how the changes of the traffic distribution and EON topology affect it. As the lightpath routing plays a critical role in the overall performance of the RSA, this dissertation provides a thoroughly theoretical analysis on the impacts of the aforementioned two key factors. To this end, we propose two theoretical chains, and derive the optimal routing scheme taking into account two key factors. We then treat the second subproblem of RSA, namely spectrum assignment. Any two lightpaths sharing common fiber links might have to be isolated in the spectrum domain with a proper guard-band to prevent crosstalk and/or reduce physical-layer security threats. We consider the scenario with diverse guard-band sizes, and investigate how to assign the spectrum resources efficiently in such a situation. We provide the upper and lower bounds for the optimal solution of the DSA, and further devise an efficient algorithm which can guarantee approximation ratios in some graph classes.The topology heterogeneity of Virtual Network Requests (VNRs) is one important factor hampering the performance of the VNE. However, in many specialized applications, the VNRs are of some common structural features e.g., paths and cycles. To achieve better outcomes, it is thus critical to design dedicated algorithms for these applications by accounting for topology characteristics. We prove the NP-Harness of path and cycle embeddings. To solve them, we propose some efficient algorithms and analyze their approximation ratios
Taylor, Susanne Elizabeth. "Australian parent perspective of schooling choices and relationships for their child on the autism spectrum." Thesis, Griffith University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/377619.
Full textThesis (Masters)
Master of Education and Professional Studies Research (MEdProfStRes)
School Educ & Professional St
Arts, Education and Law
Full Text
Chen, Changlin. "The performance analysis and decoding of high dimensional trellis-coded modulation for spread spectrum communications." Ohio : Ohio University, 1997. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1174616331.
Full textBesombes, Lucien. "Spectroscopie optique de boîtes quantiques uniques de semiconducteurs II-VI." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00735555.
Full textBesombes, Lucien. "Spectroscopie optique de boîtes quantiques uniques de semiconducteurs II-VI." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001GRE10118.
Full textBittencourt, Thiago de Morais Gonçalves. "Pré-processamento digital de imagens obtidas na faixa espectral do infravermelho distante." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18152/tde-23102012-090741/.
Full textThis work aims to present the research and development of digital image processing algorithms for uncooled LWIR thermal camera in Brazil. The study of an infrared thermal camera is a strategic issue since that has more and more applications in military, judicature, rescue, industry, hospital and science areas. This work describes the design and implementation of all image-processing algorithms required to obtain high-performance images with low noise and high contrast, such as: functions for non-uniformity correction of sensor deficiencies, dead-pixel replacement algorithms, histogram generation, contrast enhancement methods and output pixel processing with frame rate of 30 frames per second based on 320 x 240 Uncooled Focal Plane Array (UFPA). In this work all algorithms was implemented in software to get results quickly and to facilitate the validation of computer codes. There are some results of electro-optical characterization on the assembled system, indicating the main figures of merit that guide the study of this technology, such as: 3D noise components, noise equivalent power (NEP), signal transfer function (SiTF) and noise equivalent temperature difference (NETD). The results indicate that the proposed imageprocessing algorithms increase the quality of the corrected image, and the test results through the digital video of the infrared camera show that all metrics are in accordance with its nominal value.
Balestra, I., A. Mercurio, B. Sartoris, M. Girardi, C. Grillo, M. Nonino, P. Rosati, et al. "CLASH-VLT: DISSECTING THE FRONTIER FIELDS GALAXY CLUSTER MACS J0416.1-2403 WITH ∼800 SPECTRA OF MEMBER GALAXIES." IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621406.
Full textSteiner, Rachel. "Effects of Atomoxetine and 7-NINA on Serotonin 1B-Induced Autism-like Non-Selective Attention Deficits in Mice: An Investigation of Novel Treatments." Wittenberg University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wuhonors1469116290.
Full textIyer, Balaji S. "Design of a Classifier for Bearing Health Prognostics using Time Series Data." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1543922781446885.
Full textLedoux, Audrey. "Vers des traitements morphologiques couleur et spectraux valides au sens perceptuel et physique : Méthodes et critères de sélection." Phd thesis, Université de Poitiers, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00965767.
Full textMachado, Daniel. "Improving automated redshift detection in the low signal-to-noise regime for Large Sky Surveys." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112427.
Full textSummary: Redshift is the primary measure by which astronomers can map the Universe in the radial direction. In order to test the assumptions of homogeneity and isotropy, accurate redshifts of galaxies are needed, and for a great many of them. Additionally different cosmological models can only be distinguished by careful observations of the large scale structure traced by these galaxies. Large sky surveys are the only mechanism by which redshifts for a large number of galaxies can be obtained. Accurate redshift estimation is additionally required for many other fields of astronomy including but not limited to: weak lensing, studies of dark matter haloes, galaxy morphology studies, chemical evolution studies, photometric calibration, and studies of large scale structure and galaxy clustering.Problems exist in all surveys at the dim limit of observation, which usually corresponds to the higher redshift objects in the survey, where noise becomes problematic. Magnitude or signal-to-noise ratio cuts are often employed in order to eliminate potentially troublesome objects; such a procedure is a blunt tool for separating good redshift candidates from ones likely to be inaccurate.In this thesis we develop an algorithm to tackle redshift estimation of galaxy spectra in the low signal-to-noise regime. The first part of this thesis introduces the concepts of denoising, particularly False Detection Rate denoising, wavelet transforms and redshift estimation algorithms. The second part details how these concepts are united into the Darth Fader (Denoised and Automatic Redshifts THresholded with a FAlse DEtection Rate) algorithm. The final parts of this thesis apply the algorithm both to idealised synthetic data generated from the COSMOS Mock Catalogue, and to a subset of real data from the WiggleZ survey.We show that Darth Fader can operate effectively at low signal-to-noise given an appropriate choice of FDR parameter for denoising, and an appropriate feature-counting criterion. We also show that Darth Fader can remove the continua of spectra effectively at low signal-to-noise for the purposes of redshift estimation by cross-correlation. Additionally we show from tests on spectra from the WiggleZ survey that our algorithm has the ability to process a substantial subset of that data without the need for visual inspection (to which the entire WiggleZ spectral survey has been subjected), and to a high degree of accuracy. We conclude that the Darth Fader algorithm has potential to be used in large-sky survey pipelines, particularly where signal-to-noise is expected to be poor
Demarco, Ricardo. "Propriétés physiques et évolution des Baryons dans les amas de galaxies proches et distants." Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA077241.
Full textCagnache, Eric. "Aspects différentiels et métriques de la géométrie non commutative : application à la physique." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA112115.
Full textNoncommutative geometry offers interesting prospects to gather the quantum field theory and relativity in one general framework because it allows one to generalize geometric objects algebraically. It can be approached from different points of view and two of them are presented in this PhD. The first, calculus based on derivations, allowed us to construct a Yang-Mills-Higgs action which appears in fields that can be interpreted as Higgs fields. With the second, spectral triples, we can generalize the notion of distance between states. We calculated the distance formulas in the case of the Moyal space and the noncommutative torus
Tujkovic, D. (Djordje). "Space-time turbo coded modulation for wireless communication systems." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2003. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514269977.
Full textShaikh, Shaunak Mehboob. "Light Harvesting and Energy Transfer in Metal-Organic Frameworks." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/104022.
Full textDoctor of Philosophy
The pigment−protein complexes in natural photosynthetic units (also known as light harvesting antennas) efficiently capture solar energy and transfer this energy to reaction centers that carry out water splitting reactions. The collective chromophoric behavior of antennas can be replicated by metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). MOFs are crystalline, self-assembled materials composed of metal clusters connected by organic molecules. In this dissertation, we study the factors that govern the energy transfer and light harvesting capabilities of MOFs. In chapter 2, we examined the role of 3D structure of MOFs in energy transfer. In chapter 3, we investigated the influence of pH and temperature on the photophysical properties of MOFs. In chapter 4, we explored the possibility of energy transfer in novel MOF-on-MOF composites. This work is intended to pave the way for the construction of highly efficient MOF-based materials that can serve as the light harvesting and energy-transfer components in solar energy conversion devices.
Rosenberger, Elke. "Asymptotic spectral analysis and tunnelling for a class of difference operators." Phd thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=98050368X.
Full textJouanneaux, Alain. "Etude par r. P. E. De diffraction de neutrons des composes mixtes rb : :(x)(nh::(4))::(1-x)alf::(4), desordre chimique, transition de phase, ordre local, verre de spin structural." Nantes, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NANT2044.
Full textKITAOKA, Norihide, Seiichi NAKAGAWA, and Longbiao WANG. "Robust Speech Recognition by Combining Short-Term and Long-Term Spectrum Based Position-Dependent CMN with Conventional CMN." Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/14966.
Full textBezek, Perit. "A Clustering Method For The Problem Of Protein Subcellular Localization." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607981/index.pdf.
Full texts functions. Function of a protein may be estimated from its sequence. Motifs or conserved subsequences are strong indicators of function. In a given sample set of protein sequences known to perform the same function, a certain subsequence or group of subsequences should be common
that is, occurrence (frequency) of common subsequences should be high. Our idea is to find the common subsequences through clustering and use these common groups (implicit motifs) to classify proteins. To calculate the distance between two subsequences, traditional string edit distance is modified so that only replacement is allowed and the cost of replacement is related to an amino acid substitution matrix. Based on the modified string edit distance, spectral clustering embeds the subsequences into some transformed space for which the clustering problem is expected to become easier to solve. For a given protein sequence, distribution of its subsequences over the clusters is the feature vector which is subsequently fed to a classifier. The most important aspect if this approach is the use of spectral clustering based on modified string edit distance.
Rodgers, Alexis D. "EXAMINING AN ASYNCHRONOUS GROUP DISCUSSION BOARD ADAPTATION OF A PARENT-MEDIATED BEHAVIOR INTERVENTION FOR CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/edp_etds/76.
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