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Journal articles on the topic 'Specral linewidth'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

Wenzel, Hans, Markus Kantner, Mindaugas Radziunas, and Uwe Bandelow. "Semiconductor Laser Linewidth Theory Revisited." Applied Sciences 11, no. 13 (June 28, 2021): 6004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11136004.

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More and more applications require semiconductor lasers distinguished not only by large modulation bandwidths or high output powers, but also by small spectral linewidths. The theoretical understanding of the root causes limiting the linewidth is therefore of great practical relevance. In this paper, we derive a general expression for the calculation of the spectral linewidth step by step in a self-contained manner. We build on the linewidth theory developed in the 1980s and 1990s but look from a modern perspective, in the sense that we choose as our starting points the time-dependent coupled-wave equations for the forward and backward propagating fields and an expansion of the fields in terms of the stationary longitudinal modes of the open cavity. As a result, we obtain rather general expressions for the longitudinal excess factor of spontaneous emission (K-factor) and the effective α-factor including the effects of nonlinear gain (gain compression) and refractive index (Kerr effect), gain dispersion, and longitudinal spatial hole burning in multi-section cavity structures. The effect of linewidth narrowing due to feedback from an external cavity often described by the so-called chirp reduction factor is also automatically included. We propose a new analytical formula for the dependence of the spontaneous emission on the carrier density avoiding the use of the population inversion factor. The presented theoretical framework is applied to a numerical study of a two-section distributed Bragg reflector laser.

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2

Boller, Klaus-J., Albert van Rees, Youwen Fan, Jesse Mak, Rob Lammerink, Cornelis Franken, Peter van der Slot, et al. "Hybrid Integrated Semiconductor Lasers with Silicon Nitride Feedback Circuits." Photonics 7, no. 1 (December 21, 2019): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics7010004.

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Hybrid integrated semiconductor laser sources offering extremely narrow spectral linewidth, as well as compatibility for embedding into integrated photonic circuits, are of high importance for a wide range of applications. We present an overview on our recently developed hybrid-integrated diode lasers with feedback from low-loss silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 in SiO 2 ) circuits, to provide sub-100-Hz-level intrinsic linewidths, up to 120 nm spectral coverage around a 1.55 μ m wavelength, and an output power above 100 mW. We show dual-wavelength operation, dual-gain operation, laser frequency comb generation, and present work towards realizing a visible-light hybrid integrated diode laser.

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3

LIN, JIE-LI, YU-YAN LIU, HONG-PING LIU, YUAN-QING QUO, XIAO-YONG LIU, FENG-YAN LI, and JIN-RUI LI. "MEASUREMENT OF PRESSURE-BROADENING LINEWIDTHS OF NO FROM THE FITTING OF LMR SPECTRA WITH CORRECTIONS OF INSTRUMENTAL BROADENING." Modern Physics Letters B 14, no. 11 (May 10, 2000): 401–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984900000537.

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For absorption lines, the distortion of spectral lines by experimental spectrometers must be considered in measuring linewidth which has been investigated by many authors. While in the derivative spectrum, we managed to give the corrections of instrumental broadening and distortion to obtain accurate linewidths. We developed a universal fitting program which was explored together with the method of correction in the fundamental band spectra of LMR of NO. The uncorrected halfwidths were compared with the corrected values, which were obtained from the program. The results of comparison are very satisfactory and demonstrate their useful application to analyze experimental spectra.

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4

Anikushina, T. A., M. G. Gladush, A. A. Gorshelev, and A. V. Naumov. "Single-molecule spectromicroscopy: a route towards sub-wavelength refractometry." Faraday Discussions 184 (2015): 263–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5fd00086f.

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We suggest a novel approach for spatially resolved probing of local fluctuations of the refractive index n in solids by means of single-molecule (SM) spectroscopy. It is based on the dependence T₁(n) of the effective radiative lifetime T₁ of dye centres in solids on n due to the local-field effects. Detection of SM zero-phonon lines at low temperatures gives the values of the SM natural spectral linewidth (which is inversely proportional to T₁) and makes it possible to reveal the distribution of the local n values in solids. Here we demonstrate this possibility on the example of amorphous polyethylene and polycrystalline naphthalene doped with terrylene. In particular, we show that the obtained distributions of lifetime limited spectral linewidths of terrylene molecules embedded into these matrices are due to the spatial fluctuations of the refractive index local values.

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5

MENON, P. SUSTHITHA, KUMARAJAH KANDIAH, and SAHBUDIN SHAARI. "VARIATION OF MQW DESIGN PARAMETERS IN A GaAs/InP-BASED LW-VCSEL AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE SPECTRAL LINEWIDTH." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 19, no. 02 (June 2010): 209–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863510005273.

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This paper reports on the simulative and comparative study on the effects of multi quantum well (MQW) design parameters on the spectral linewidth of a wafer-bonded GaAs/InP -based, 1.5 μm long-wavelength vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (LW-VCSEL). The device employs InGaAsP MQWs sandwiched between GaAs/AlGaAs and GaAs/AlAs distributed Bragg reflectors (DBR) and utilizes a bottom-emitting, air-post design for current confinement. Among the modeled LW-VCSEL devices, the best linewidth achieved was 41.29 MHz at a peak wavelength of 1.57 μm for 8 MQWs with well thicknesses of 5.5 nm each and barrier thicknesses of 8 nm; equivalent to the experimental device developed in the past. Comparison of linewidth values calculated using developed analytical equations that link the MQW parameters to the spectral linewidth versus the actual linewidth from fabricated devices yields error ratios of ~ 6% proving a robust approximation has been achieved.

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6

Gao, W., Z. W. Lu, W. M. He, Y. K. Dong, and W. L. J. Hasi. "Characteristics of amplified spectrum of a weak frequency-detuned signal in a Brillouin amplifier." Laser and Particle Beams 27, no. 3 (June 24, 2009): 465–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034609990164.

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AbstractWe will theoretically and experimentally study the effect of the linewidth and the frequency of a weak detuned signal on its amplified spectrum in the Brillouin amplifier. We will show that the spectral profile of the input signal is preserved during amplification only when the signal linewidth is much narrower than the Brillouin linewidth of the amplifier. If the signal linewidth is near or above the Brillouin linewidth, the frequency shift of the amplified signal with respect to the pump will be close to the Brillouin shift of the amplifier, and will be independent of the frequency shift of the input signal.

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7

Nguyen, Thanh-Phuong, Hans Wenzel, Olaf Brox, Frank Bugge, Peter Ressel, Max Schiemangk, Andreas Wicht, Tran Quoc Tien, and Günther Tränkle. "Spectral Linewidth vs. Front Facet Reflectivity of 780 nm DFB Diode Lasers at High Optical Output Power." Applied Sciences 8, no. 7 (July 9, 2018): 1104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8071104.

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The influence of the front facet reflectivity on the spectral linewidth of high power DFB (distributed feedback) diode lasers emitting at 780 nm has been investigated theoretically and experimentally. Characterization of lasers at various front facet reflections showed substantial reduction of the linewidth. This behavior is in reasonable agreement with simulation results. A minimum linewidth of 8 kHz was achieved at an output power of 85 mW with the laser featuring a front facet reflectivity of 30%. The device with a front facet reflectivity of 5% reached the same linewidth value at an output power of 290 mW.

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8

Kunii, T., and Y. Matsui. "Narrow spectral linewidth semiconductor lasers." Optical and Quantum Electronics 24, no. 7 (July 1992): 719–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00620152.

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9

TADA, K., A. YAMANAKA, and N. KARASAWA. "BROADBAND COHERENT ANTI-STOKES RAMAN SCATTERING MICROSPECTROSCOPY USING THE SOLITON PULSES FROM A PHOTONIC CRYSTAL FIBER — OBSERVATION OF RAMAN LINE IN DIAMOND POWDERS." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 19, no. 04 (December 2010): 723–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863510005649.

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We have investigated broadband coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microspectroscopy using the soliton pulses from a photonic crystal fiber. CARS spectrum shows a dispersive shape due to the contributions from a frequency-independent nonresonant component and from a resonant component that corresponds to spontaneous Raman scattering. To extract the resonant component from the CARS spectrum, the functional form of this component was commonly assumed to be a simple Lorentzian function and a nonlinear fitting procedure was used previously. In this study, we derived a CARS spectral function that takes into account the finite spectral width of a pump pulse and the CARS spectrum of diamond powders was fitted using the derived spectral function. It was found that the linewidth obtained using this function agreed with the linewidth of spontaneous Raman scattering much better than the linewidth obtained using a CARS spectral function commonly used previously.

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10

Weng, Hai-Zhong, Yong-Zhen Huang, Xiu-Wen Ma, Fu-Li Wang, Ming-Long Liao, Yue-De Yang, and Jin-Long Xiao. "Spectral Linewidth Analysis for Square Microlasers." IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 29, no. 22 (November 15, 2017): 1931–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lpt.2017.2752232.

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11

Antsiferov, P. S. "Linewidth measurement under poor spectral resolution." Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer 55, no. 1 (January 1996): 149–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-4073(96)81784-5.

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12

Salerno, M., M. R. Samuelsen, and A. V. Yulin. "Spectral Linewidths of Josephson Oscillators." Physical Review Letters 86, no. 23 (June 4, 2001): 5397–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.86.5397.

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13

Wang, Guangshun, Paul A. Keifer, and Alan Peterkofsky. "Short‒chain diacyl phosphatidylglycerols: which one to choose for the NMR structural determination of a membrane‒associated peptide fromEscherichia coli?" Spectroscopy 18, no. 2 (2004): 257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2004/719137.

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Diacyl phosphatidylglycerols (PG) are the major anionic lipids in theEscherichia colimembrane. Short‒chain dihexanoyl phosphatidylglycerol (DHPG) was previously utilized for the structural determination, by NMR spectroscopy, of the peptide corresponding to the N-terminal membrane anchor of the glucose‒specific enzyme IIA (IIAGlc) fromE. coli. This study explores the possible use of lipid micelles of dioctanoyl phosphatidylglycerol (DOPG) and didecanoyl phosphatidylglycerol (DDPG) as alternatives to DHPG. At a peptide concentration of 1 mM, the minimum peptide/lipid molar ratios required for the formation of the lipid‒binding amphipathic helix are approximately 1 :40, 1 :5, and 1 :5 for DHPG, DOPG, and DDPG, respectively. Based on the lipid titration, the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of DHPG was estimated to be ~50 mM. The1H spectral linewidths of the peptide bound to a variety of lipid micelles decrease in the following order: DDPG > DOPG > DHPG. The helical regions of the peptide in different anionic lipids were elucidated based on chemical shift indexes (CSI). Residues Leu2‒Leu9, Leu2‒Val10, and Leu2‒Val10 were found to be helical in DHPG, DOPG, and DDPG, respectively, indicating that the lipid chain length had only a subtle effect on the amphipathic helix of the peptide. In light of the minimum peptide/lipid ratio and the spectral linewidth, and the CSI‒derived peptide structure, DOPG is proposed as a good compromise for structural studies of this membrane‒associated peptide by solution NMR spectroscopy.

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14

Merwin, Lawrence H., Curtis E. Johnson, and Wayne A. Weimer. "13C NMR investigation of CVD diamond: Correlation of NMR and Raman spectral linewidths." Journal of Materials Research 9, no. 3 (March 1994): 631–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1994.0631.

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Six CVD diamond thin films were examined by magic angle spinning (MAS) 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Raman, and electron spin resonance spectroscopy. The use of film samples cut to the diameter of the magic-angle spinning rotor provided ease of spinning and the opportunity to obtain good signal-to-noise spectra in 4 to 16 h. MAS NMR linewidths exhibit a linear correlation with Raman linewidths and reflect the optical quality of the material. Residual MAS NMR linewidths most likely arise from a combination of crystal defect sites and paramagnetic effects.

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15

Thomsen, Volker B. E. "Why Do Spectral Lines Have a Linewidth?" Journal of Chemical Education 72, no. 7 (July 1995): 616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed072p616.

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16

Vurgaftman, Igor, and Jasprit Singh. "Spectral linewidth in microcavity surface‐emitting lasers." Journal of Applied Physics 76, no. 10 (November 15, 1994): 5636–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.357069.

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17

Khutsishvili, D., E. Khutsishvili, T. Kvernadze, V. Kulidzanishvili, V. Kakhiani, and M. Sikharulidze. "Spectral Linewidth Variations in the Solar Chromosphere." Astrophysics 58, no. 4 (November 9, 2015): 567–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10511-015-9408-3.

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18

Jiang, Ting, Yu Chen, Lu Mao, Alan G. Marshall, and Wei Xu. "Extracting biomolecule collision cross sections from the high-resolution FT-ICR mass spectral linewidths." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 18, no. 2 (2016): 713–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cp02987b.

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19

Pollnau, Markus, and Marc Eichhorn. "Spectral coherence, Part I: Passive-resonator linewidth, fundamental laser linewidth, and Schawlow-Townes approximation." Progress in Quantum Electronics 72 (August 2020): 100255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pquantelec.2020.100255.

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20

Mawatari, Hiroyasu, Fumiyoshi Kano, Norio Yamamoto, Yasuhiro Kondo, Yuichi Tohmori, and Yuzo Yoshikuni. "Spectral Linewidth and Linewidth Enhancement Factor in1.5-µmModulation-Doped Strained Multiple-Quantum-Well Lasers." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 33, Part 1, No. 1B (January 30, 1994): 811–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.33.811.

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21

Kim, Geun Wan, and Ji Won Ha. "Single-particle study: effects of oxygen plasma treatment on structural and spectral changes of anisotropic gold nanorods." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 22, no. 21 (2020): 11767–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cp00996b.

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22

Chen, Yu-Cheng, Qiushu Chen, Xiaoqin Wu, Xiaotian Tan, Juanhong Wang, and Xudong Fan. "A robust tissue laser platform for analysis of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded biopsies." Lab on a Chip 18, no. 7 (2018): 1057–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8lc00084k.

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Laser emission-based detection and imaging technology has attracted significant interest in biomedical research due to its high sensitivity, narrow linewidth, and superior spectral and spatial resolution.

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23

Cui, Jian, Andrew P. Beyler, Igor Coropceanu, Liam Cleary, Thomas R. Avila, Yue Chen, José M. Cordero, et al. "Evolution of the Single-Nanocrystal Photoluminescence Linewidth with Size and Shell: Implications for Exciton–Phonon Coupling and the Optimization of Spectral Linewidths." Nano Letters 16, no. 1 (December 4, 2015): 289–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b03790.

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24

Pappas, Dimitri, Tiffany L. Correll, Nathan C. Pixley, Benjamin W. Smith, and J. D. Winefordner. "Detection of Mie Scattering Using a Resonance Fluorescence Monochromator." Applied Spectroscopy 56, no. 9 (September 2002): 1237–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/000370202760295502.

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The use of a resonance fluorescence monochromator (RFM) is described as a method for detecting Mie scatter. The detector has a spectral resolution limited by the atomic vapor used in the system (400 MHz for cesium). The RFM is used to detect Mie scatter from a particulate suspension, and deconvolution methods are used to extract the Mie scatter spectrum from the instrument response. The Mie scattering linewidth (140 MHz) is close to the literature value (100 MHz for air). Methods to reduce the linewidth of atomic vapor filters are briefly described.

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25

Eshel, Dan, and Zvi Priel. "Spectral characterization of ciliary beating Biological meaning of the spectral linewidth." Biophysical Chemistry 23, no. 3-4 (March 1986): 261–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-4622(86)85012-8.

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26

Litvik, Jan, Michal Kuba, Daniel Benedikovic, Jozef Dubovan, and Milan Dado. "Numerical Estimation of Spectral Properties of Laser Based on Rate Equations." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4152895.

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Laser spectral properties are essential to evaluate the performance of optical communication systems. In general, the power spectral density of the phase noise has a crucial impact on spectral properties of the unmodulated laser signal. Here the white Gaussian noise and1/f-noise are taken into the consideration. By utilizing the time-dependent realizations of the instantaneous optical power and the phase simultaneously, it is possible to estimate the power spectral density or alternatively the power spectrum of an unmodulated laser signal shifted to the baseband and thus estimate the laser linewidth. In this work, we report on the theoretical approach to analyse unmodulated real-valued high-frequency stationary random passband signal of laser, followed by presenting the numerical model of the distributed feedback laser to emulate the time-dependent optical power and the instantaneous phase, as two important time domain laser attributes. The laser model is based on numerical solving the rate equations using fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. This way, we show the direct estimation of the power spectral density and the laser linewidth, when time-dependent laser characteristics are known.

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27

Liu Hanchen, 刘汉臣, 王庆飞 Wang Qingfei, 唐远河 Tang Yuanhe, and 严祥安 Yan Xiangan. "Spectral Linewidth Measurement Enhancement by Two United Spectrometers." Acta Optica Sinica 28, no. 4 (2008): 710–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/aos20082804.0710.

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28

Tanobe, H., F. Koyama, and K. Iga. "Spectral linewidth of AlGaAs/GaAs surface-emitting laser." Electronics Letters 25, no. 21 (1989): 1444. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19890965.

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29

Tai, Shuichi, Keisuke Kojima, Susumu Noda, Kazuo Kyuma, Koichi Hamanaka, and Takashi Nakayama. "Narrow spectral linewidth semiconductor optical‐fiber ring laser." Applied Physics Letters 49, no. 20 (November 17, 1986): 1328–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.97367.

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30

Okai, M., and T. Tsuchiya. "Tunable DFB lasers with ultra-narrow spectral linewidth." Electronics Letters 29, no. 4 (1993): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19930236.

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31

Thiel, Charles W., Rufus L. Cone, and Thomas Böttger. "Laser linewidth narrowing using transient spectral hole burning." Journal of Luminescence 152 (August 2014): 84–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlumin.2013.11.038.

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32

Abel, Mark R., Samuel Graham, Justin R. Serrano, Sean P. Kearney, and Leslie M. Phinney. "Raman Thermometry of Polysilicon Microelectro-mechanical Systems in the Presence of an Evolving Stress." Journal of Heat Transfer 129, no. 3 (May 31, 2006): 329–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2409996.

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In this work, the use of Raman Stokes peak location and linewidth broadening methods were evaluated for thermometry applications of polysilicon microheaters subjected to evolving thermal stresses. Calibrations were performed using the temperature dependence of each spectral characteristic separately, and the uncertainty of each method quantified. It was determined that the Stokes linewidth was independent of stress variation allowing for temperature determination, irrespective of stress state. However, the linewidth method is subject to greater uncertainty than the Stokes shift determination. The uncertainties for each method are observed to decrease with decreasing temperature and increasing integration times. The techniques were applied to mechanically constrained electrically active polysilicon microheaters. Results revealed temperatures in excess of 500°C could be achieved in these devices. Using the peak location method resulted in an underprediction of temperature due to the development of a relative compressive thermal stress with increasing power dissipation.

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33

Li, Zhanguo, Gaohang He, Mingming Jiang, Jiaolong Ji, Chongxin Shan, and Dezhen Shen. "Electrical-pumping spasing action from cross-stacked microwires." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 7, no. 35 (2019): 10933–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9tc03537k.

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Electrically pumped spasing action was achieved on account of a single ZnO:Ga microwire crossed with an AuNPs@ZnO:Ga microwire. The dominant emission wavelengths are centered at 550 nm, accompanied by the spectral linewidth narrowing to 2 nm.

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34

Yang, Xuyong, Fei Huang, Zhenwei Huang, Fan Cao, and Jianhua Zhang. "Small-size and monodispersed red-emitting Pr3+ doped barium molybdate nanocrystals with ultrahigh color purity." RSC Advances 6, no. 70 (2016): 65311–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra14222b.

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Small-size and monodispersed BaMoO₄:Pr³⁺ nanocrystals (NCs) have been prepared by a simple and efficient liquid–solid–solution method. These NCs exhibit narrow-linewidth emission (only ∼4 nm) with high spectral purity in red.

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35

Gao, Min, Yonglin He, Ying Chen, Tien-Mo Shih, Weimin Yang, Jingyu Wang, Feng Zhao, Ming-De Li, Huanyang Chen, and Zhilin Yang. "Tunable surface plasmon polaritons and ultrafast dynamics in 2D nanohole arrays." Nanoscale 11, no. 35 (2019): 16428–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nr03478a.

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We have effectively tuned SPP modes across a broad spectral range and achieved a very narrow linewidth down to 8 nm. The contribution of conduction-band electron distribution to the SPP intensity has been explored by ultrafast fs-TA spectroscopy.

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36

Choe, J. W., O. Byungsung, K. M. S. V. Bandara, and D. D. Coon. "Spectral linewidths of quantum well intersubband transitions." Superlattices and Microstructures 10, no. 1 (January 1991): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0749-6036(91)90138-h.

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37

Farwell, S. O., and C. T. Kagel. "Detection of Spectral Overlap Interference in ICP-AES with an Empirical Linewidth Ratio Technique." Applied Spectroscopy 40, no. 7 (September 1986): 944–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702864508043.

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ICP-AES line intensity data were fitted to a minimum-curvature smooth curve generated with the aid of a cubic semispline algorithm. These spline-fitted curves were used to obtain linewidth ratios which can provide accurate indication of spectral overlap with the use of only sample and standard spectra.

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38

Elsasser, W., and E. Gobel. "Multimode effects in the spectral linewidth of semiconductor lasers." IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 21, no. 6 (June 1985): 687–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jqe.1985.1072697.

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39

Sato, H., and Jun Ohya. "Theory of spectral linewidth of external cavity semiconductor lasers." IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 22, no. 7 (July 1986): 1060–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jqe.1986.1073086.

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40

Burks, Scott R., Mallory A. Makowsky, Zachary A. Yaffe, Chad Hoggle, Pei Tsai, Sukumaran Muralidharan, Michael K. Bowman, Joseph P. Y. Kao, and Gerald M. Rosen. "The Effect of Structure on Nitroxide EPR Spectral Linewidth." Journal of Organic Chemistry 75, no. 14 (July 16, 2010): 4737–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo1005747.

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41

Tanobe, H., F. Koyama, and K. Iga. "Erratum: Spectral linewidth of AlGaAs/GaAs surface-emitting laser." Electronics Letters 25, no. 23 (1989): 1613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19891082.

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42

Huang, Hui, Yongqing Huang, and Xiaomin Ren. "Ultra-narrow spectral linewidth photodetector based on taper cavity." Electronics Letters 39, no. 1 (2003): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20030109.

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43

Voitovich, A. P., O. E. Kostik, V. V. Mashko, and L. P. Runets. "Spectral-linewidth measurement with intracavity compensation for selective losses." Journal of Applied Spectroscopy 67, no. 3 (May 2000): 387–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02683848.

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44

Bychek, Anna, Christoph Hotter, David Plankensteiner, and Helmut Ritsch. "Superradiant lasing in inhomogeneously broadened ensembles with spatially varying coupling." Open Research Europe 1 (June 25, 2021): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.13781.1.

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Background: Theoretical studies of superradiant lasing on optical clock transitions predict a superb frequency accuracy and precision closely tied to the bare atomic linewidth. Such a superradiant laser is also robust against cavity fluctuations when the spectral width of the lasing mode is much larger than that of the atomic medium. Recent predictions suggest that this unique feature persists even for a hot and thus strongly broadened ensemble, provided the effective atom number is large enough. Methods: Here we use a second-order cumulant expansion approach to study the power, linewidth and lineshifts of such a superradiant laser as a function of the inhomogeneous width of the ensemble including variations of the spatial atom-field coupling within the resonator. Results: We present conditions on the atom numbers, the pump and coupling strengths required to reach the buildup of collective atomic coherence as well as scaling and limitations for the achievable laser linewidth. Conclusions: We show how sufficiently large numbers of atoms subject to strong optical pumping can induce synchronization of the atomic dipoles over a large bandwidth. This generates collective stimulated emission of light into the cavity mode leading to narrow-band laser emission at the average of the atomic frequency distribution. The linewidth is orders of magnitudes smaller than that of the cavity as well as the inhomogeneous gain broadening and exhibits reduced sensitivity to cavity frequency noise.

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45

Bychek, Anna, Christoph Hotter, David Plankensteiner, and Helmut Ritsch. "Superradiant lasing in inhomogeneously broadened ensembles with spatially varying coupling." Open Research Europe 1 (September 22, 2021): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.13781.2.

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Background: Theoretical studies of superradiant lasing on optical clock transitions predict a superb frequency accuracy and precision closely tied to the bare atomic linewidth. Such a superradiant laser is also robust against cavity fluctuations when the spectral width of the lasing mode is much larger than that of the atomic medium. Recent predictions suggest that this unique feature persists even for a hot and thus strongly broadened ensemble, provided the effective atom number is large enough. Methods: Here we use a second-order cumulant expansion approach to study the power, linewidth and lineshifts of such a superradiant laser as a function of the inhomogeneous width of the ensemble including variations of the spatial atom-field coupling within the resonator. Results: We present conditions on the atom numbers, the pump and coupling strengths required to reach the buildup of collective atomic coherence as well as scaling and limitations for the achievable laser linewidth. Conclusions: We show how sufficiently large numbers of atoms subject to strong optical pumping can induce synchronization of the atomic dipoles over a large bandwidth. This generates collective stimulated emission of light into the cavity mode leading to narrow-band laser emission at the average of the atomic frequency distribution. The linewidth is orders of magnitudes smaller than that of the cavity as well as the inhomogeneous gain broadening and exhibits reduced sensitivity to cavity frequency noise.

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Zhu, Lianqing, Wei He, Mingli Dong, Xiaoping Lou, and Fei Luo. "Tunable multi-wavelength thulium-doped fiber laser incorporating two-stage cascaded Sagnac loop comb filter." Modern Physics Letters B 30, no. 21 (August 10, 2016): 1650292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984916502924.

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A tunable multi-wavelength narrow-linewidth thulium-doped fiber laser employing two-stage cascaded Sagnac loop mirrors is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The designed fiber laser is composed of a pump source, wavelength division multiplex, circulator, thulium-doped fiber, polarization controllers (PCs), couplers and polarization-maintaining fibers (PMFs). Two cascaded Sagnac loops are used as the cavity reflector and filter, and the proposed filter is fabricated using two sections of PMFs with 2-m and 1-m lengths, respectively. In the experiment, the laser threshold is 110 mW, and laser can emit single, double, triple, quadruple and quintuple wavelengths in the spectral range of 1873–1901 nm through the simultaneous adjustment of the two PCs. The power fluctuations and 3-dB linewidth are less than 2.1 dB and 0.2 nm, respectively, over 10 min at room temperature, and the side-mode suppression ratio is greater than 20 dB. The proposed laser will be useful in various fields, such as spectral analysis, fiber sensing and optical communication.

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Okamura, H., and K. Iwatsuki. "Spectral linewidth broadening in Er-doped-fibre amplifiers measured with less than 1.4 kHz linewidth light source." Electronics Letters 26, no. 23 (1990): 1965. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19901271.

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Chao Yang, Chao Yang, Youlun Ju Youlun Ju, Baoquan Yao Baoquan Yao, Zhenguo Zhang Zhenguo Zhang, Tongyu Dai Tongyu Dai, and and Xiaoming Duan and Xiaoming Duan. "High-power Tm3+-doped all-fiber laser operating at 1908 nm by a master oscillator power amplifier configuration with narrow spectral linewidth." Chinese Optics Letters 14, no. 6 (2016): 061403–61406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201614.061403.

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Maniloff, Eric S., Alan E. Johnson, and Thomas W. Mossberg. "Spectral Data Storage Using Rare-Earth-Doped Crystals." MRS Bulletin 24, no. 9 (September 1999): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400053069.

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Conventional optical data-storage techniques, such as magneto-optic disks and CD-ROMs, record a single bit of information at each particular substrate location. In order to produce the gigabyte-class storage substrates demanded by today's computers using such conventional technologies, access to tens of billions of individual material locations is required. This brute-force approach to optical data storage has produced impressive results. However, there is increasing interest in methods for more efficiently accessing storage materials. One approach is to record multiple bits at a single storage-material location. This can be accomplished by multiplexing the bits spectrally, using differing optical frequencies to record data bits. It has been realized for over 20 years that when certain materials are cooled to appropriate temperatures, typically below 20 K, the possibility of spectrally multiplexing large numbers of bits in a single material location arises. Although this approach, known as spectral hole-burning, has been proposed as a data-storage mechanism, to date it has primarily been used as a tool to study material properties. Rare-earth-doped crystals have been demonstrated to have properties that lend themselves to a variety of different spectral hole-burning-based data-storage applications. In this article, we will review the principles of spectral hole-burning, discuss some specific material systems in which spectral hole-burning is of particular interest, and describe methods for producing high-capacity, high-data-rate spectral memories.Spectral hole-burning, and spectral memories based on spectral hole-burning, depend on a material property referred to as inhomogeneous absorption line broadening. Materials exhibiting this property contain active atoms or molecules that individually respond to (absorb) very specific frequencies of light, but the collective response of all of the material's active atoms or molecules covers a spectral region that is broad compared with the response of a particular active atom or molecule. Inhomogeneous absorption line broadening is caused by local variations in the structure of the host, which in turn lead to variations in the electronic levels of the active atoms or molecules. The absorption linewidth of an individual absorber is referred to as the homogeneous linewidth Γh, and the absorption width of a collection of inhomogeneously broadened absorption centers is referred to as the inhomogeneous linewidth Γi. Application of monochromatic light to such a material has the effect of exciting only a very small subset of active absorbing atoms—those residing in the illuminated spatial volume within a homogeneous width of the exciting light's specific frequency. If the frequency of the imposed light is shifted, a different subset of active absorbing atoms in the illuminated volume responds.

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Deng, Shikai, Ran Li, Jeong-Eun Park, Jun Guan, Priscilla Choo, Jingtian Hu, Paul J. M. Smeets, and Teri W. Odom. "Ultranarrow plasmon resonances from annealed nanoparticle lattices." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 38 (September 8, 2020): 23380–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2008818117.

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This paper reports how the spectral linewidths of plasmon resonances can be narrowed down to a few nanometers by optimizing the morphology, surface roughness, and crystallinity of metal nanoparticles (NPs) in two-dimensional (2D) lattices. We developed thermal annealing procedures to achieve ultranarrow surface lattice resonances (SLRs) with full-width at half-maxima linewidths as narrow as 4 nm from arrays of Au, Ag, Al, and Cu NPs. Besides annealing, we developed a chemical vapor deposition process to use Cu NPs as catalytic substrates for graphene growth. Graphene-encapsulated Cu NPs showed the narrowest SLR linewidths (2 nm) and were stable for months. These ultranarrow SLR nanocavity modes supported even narrower lasing emission spectra and high nonlinearity in the input–output light–light curves.

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