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Snyder, Heidi Ghent. "Fiber type-specific desmin content in human single muscle fibers /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2006. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1253.pdf.
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Ghent, Heidi. "Fiber Type-specific Desmin Content in Human Single Muscle Fibers." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2006. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/381.
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Contractile and cytoskeletal protein concentrations have been shown to differ on the basis of fiber type in whole muscle homogenates. The purpose of this study was to compare the content of the intermediate filament protein, desmin, between type I and type IIa single muscle fibers from a mixed muscle in human subjects. Biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis of six recreationally active males. Approximately 150 single muscle fibers were dissected from each sample and analyzed using SDS-PAGE to determine myosin heavy chain (MHC) composition. Following identification, muscle fibers were pooled into two groups (MHC I and MHC IIa). Desmin and actin content within the pooled samples was determined via immunoblotting. On average, muscle samples were composed of 51 ± 7 % type I, 2 ± 1% type I/IIa, 27 ± 5% type IIa, 19 ± 4% type IIa/IIx and 1 ± 1% type IIx MHC single fibers. Desmin and actin contents were 40% and 34% higher in type I fibers compared to type IIa fibers, respectively (P < 0.05). However the desmin to actin ratio was similar between pooled type I and IIa single muscle fibers within the vastus lateralis. These data suggest that desmin and actin content is a function of muscle fiber type. These differences in cytoskeletal protein content may have implications for differences in contractile function and eccentric damage characteristics between fiber types.
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Shin, Hyeon Ung. "Catalytic property of fiber media supported palladium containing alloy nanoparticles and electrospun ceramic fibers biodurability study." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1458404276.
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Papponen, H. (Hinni). "The muscle specific chloride channel ClC-1 and myotonia congenita in Northern Finland." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2008. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514286926.
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Abstract Functional defects in the muscle specific chloride channel ClC-1 result in reduced chloride conductance and electrical hyperexcitability, which in turn impairs muscle relaxation and leads to myotonia. The gene CLCN 1 codes for ClC-1 in humans, and mutations in CLCN 1 cause the disease known as myotonia congenita. Worldwide over 80 mutations in CLCN1 have been described, but only three were found in patients in Northern Finland. These included two missense mutations and a nonsense mutation. The behavior and localization of the normal and mutated ClC-1 mRNA and protein were analyzed in muscle cell cultures. In intact muscle the ClC-1 protein was seen in the sarcolemma, but after myofiber isolation the protein was located intracellularly. Sarcolemmal localization was restored when myofibers were electrically stimulated or treated with a protein kinase C inhibitor. When mutated ClC-1 proteins were examined in a myofiber cell culture system, retardation in the ER was observed with the two missense mutations. The nonsense mutation did not have an effect on the transport from the ER to the Golgi elements, but the mutated ClC-1 was degraded more rapidly than the wild type ClC-1, at least in myotubes. Both retardation and degradation of the mutated ClC-1 are likely to result in too few channels present at the plasma membrane of the muscle cell to maintain normal physiological function. A very strict quality control in muscle cells was observed. The behavior and survival of multinuclear skeletal muscle cells is dependent on innervation and muscle activity, and the balance between the phosphorylation and dephosphorylation pathways modulates the function of muscle chloride channelsTiivistelmä Lihasspesifisen kloridikanavan ClC-1:n toiminnalliset virheet johtavat alentuneeseen kloridin johtumiseen solukalvon läpi ja lihassolun ylieksitoitumiseen. Tämän seurauksena lihaksen rentoutuminen vaikeutuu ja havaitaan myotoniaa, lihasjäykkyyttä. Pohjoissuomalaisesta potilasmateriaalista tautiin johtavia geenimutaatioita löytyi kolme erilaista. Poikkeuksellista havainnoissa on erilaisten mutaatioiden vähyys, mikä on tyypillistä suomalaiselle tautiperinnölle. Yhteensä tämän kloridikanavan mutaatioita on julkaistu yli 80 erilaista. Tutkiessamme normaalin ja mutatoidun ClC-1 lRNA:n ja proteiinin käyttäytymistä ja sijaintia lihassoluviljelmissä. Havaitsimme eron lihasleikkeiden ja eristettyjen myofiibereiden välillä. Lihasleikkeissä ClC-1 paikantui solun pinnalle sarkolemmalle, mutta eristetyissä myofiibereissä lähinnä solun sisälle. Stimuloimalla eristettyjä myofiibereitä sähkövirralla tai käsittelemällä proteiini kinaasi C inhibiittorilla, saimme kloridikanava-proteiinin siirtymään takaisin solun pinnalle. Proteiinitasolla kuljetuksessa on havaittavissa eroja. Aminohappomuutokseen johtavat pistemutaatiot aiheuttivat proteiinin jäämisen endoplasmiseen kalvostoon, kun taas ennenaikaisen stop-kodonin johdosta lyhentynyt proteiini kuljetetaan eteenpäin Golgin laitteeseen. Myotuubeissa tämä lyhentynyt proteiini kuitenkin hajotettiin nopeammin kuin normaali kloridikanavaproteiini. Sekä kuljetuksen hidastuminen että nopeampi hajotus johtavat tilanteeseen, jossa lihassolun solukalvolla on liian vähän kloridikanavia ylläpitämään lihaksen normaalia fysiologista toimintaa. Monitumaisten lihassolujen laaduntarkkailu havaittiin vielä monitahoisemmaksi kuin yksitumaisilla. Monitumainen lihassolu on riippuvainen hermoärsytyksestä ja lihasaktiivisuudesta. Lisäksi fosforylaatioon liittyvä signalointi on tärkeää ClC-1 proteiinin oikealle paikantumiselle lihassolussa
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Luo, Yuheng, Ling Zhang, Hua Li, Hauke Smidt, Andre-Denis G. Wright, Keying Zhang, Xuemei Ding, et al. "Different Types of Dietary Fibers Trigger Specific Alterations in Composition and Predicted Functions of Colonic Bacterial Communities in BALB/c Mice." FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624217.
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Soluble dietary fibers (SDF) are fermented more than insoluble dietary fibers (IDF), but their effect on colonic bacterial community structure and function remains unclear. Thus, bacterial community composition and function in the colon of BALB/c mice (n = 7) fed with a high level (approximately 20%) of typical SDF, oat-derived beta-glucan (G), microcrystalline cellulose (M) as IDF, or their mixture (GM), were compared. Mice in group G showed a lowest average feed intake (p < 0.05) but no change on the average body weight gain (p > 0.05) compared to other groups, which may be associated with the highest concentration of colonic propionate (p < 0.05) in these mice. The bacterial alpha-diversity of group G was significantly lower than other groups (p < 0.01). In group G, the relative abundance of bacteria belonging to the phylum Bacteroidetes was significantly increased, whereas bacteria from the phylum Firmicutes were significantly decreased (p < 0.01). The core bacteria for different treatments showed distinct differences. Bacteroides, Dehalobacterium, and Prevotella, including known acetogens and carbohydrate fermenting organisms, were significantly increased in relative abundance in group G. In contrast, Adlercreutzia, Odoribacter, and Coprococcus were significantly more abundant in group M, whereas Oscillospira, Desulfovibrio, and Ruminoccaceae, typical hydrogenotrophs equipped with multiple carbohydrate active enzymes, were remarkably enriched in group GM (p < 0.05). The relative abundance of bacteria from the three classes of Proteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria (including Enterobacteriaceae) and Deltaproteobacteria, were significantly more abundant in group G, indicating a higher ratio of conditional pathogenic bacteria in mice fed dietary beta-glucan in current study. The predicted colonic microbial function showed an enrichment of "Energy metabolism" and "Carbohydrate metabolism" pathways in mice from group G and M, suggesting that the altered bacterial community in the colon of mice with the two dietary fibers probably resulted in a more efficient degradation of dietary polysaccharides. Our result suggests that the influence of dietary beta-glucan (SDF) on colonic bacterial community of mice was more extensively than MCC (IDF). Co-supplementation of the two fibers may help to increase the bacterial diversity and reduce the conditional pathogens in the colon of mice.
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Niogi, Sumit Narayan. "Quantification of white matter integrity accounts for differences in specific cognitive function in adults with and without traumatic brain injury /." Access full-text from WCMC:, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1432771681&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=8424&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Barančíková, Miriama. "Vysoce porézní keramické materiály připravené metodou Spark Plasma Sintering." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442603.
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Porous ceramic materials are an interesting group of materials due to a wide range of physical properties, low density, and good permeability. Production of a monolith with a shape stability that would also have a high specific surface area and high porosity is a common problem with porous ceramics. The goal of this work was to maintain the high specific surface area and to produce a monolith with a shape stability. Two forms of porous silica nanofibers (as prepared and milled) were used and partially sintered using the Spark Plasma Sintering method (SPS). Different sintering times and temperatures for SPS were tested. The findings revealed that the best SPS conditions were as follows: temperature: 600 °C, sintering time: 5 minutes, pressure: 3 MPa, and the heating rate: 144 °C/min. These sintering conditions resulted in a stable silica based machinable monolith made from fibers or milled fibers. The monoliths have the specific surface area of up to 470 m^2/g and porosity of 72 %, or the specific surface area of up to 422 m^2/g and porosity of 69 % for as prepared fibers and milled fibers, respectively.
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Mo, Wing Yin. "Food wastes as feeds incorporated with Chinese herbs and prebiotic fibers on growth and non-specific immunity of grass carp, bighead, mud carp and Nile tilapia." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2014. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/91.
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Food waste accounts for about 1/3 of the municipal waste generated in Hong Kong. Using food waste as major ingredients to produce fish feed pellets could ease part of the disposal pressure on the existing landfill sites. The present study focused on the use of food wastes and feed supplements (prebiotic fibres and Chinese herbs) for rearing freshwater fish (grass carp, bighead, mud carp and Nile tilapia) in Hong Kong. Two isonitrogenous formulations, Food Waste Diet A (FWA), consisted of 53% cereal, 10% fruit and vegetables, 8% bone meal, 4% other food waste, 10% fishmeal, 15% corn meal and Food Waste Diet B (FWB), consisted of 25% meat, 28% cereal, 10% fruit and vegetables, 8% bone meal, 4% other food waste, 10% fishmeal, 15% corn meal were manufactured by Kowloon Biotechnology Ltd, were used as feeds for rearing grass carp, bighead, mud carp and Nile tilapia. The essential amino acid profiles and proximate compositions (crude protein, crude lipid and total phosphorous) of the two food waste based feed pellets were compared with other common feed items, including Napier grass, rice bran, breads, noodles, soybean dreg (remains of soybean after juicing for soybean milk) and the commercial feed pellets (Jiefeng® 613). Jiefeng® 613, FWA and FWB possessed 5.83%, 5.76% 5.79% (% protein) of lysine, which could satisfy the dietary requirements of both grass carp and Nile tilapia. Results indicated all the fish feed pellets possessed sufficient essential amino acids and suitable proximate compositions (crude lipid, crude protein, crude fibre and non-fibrous carbohydrate) for both grass carp and Nile tilapia. A field trial was conducted using the three feed pellets (Jiefeng® 613, FWA and FWB) to study their effects on fish growth (grass carp, bighead and mud carp) as well as water quality. FWA that possessing a higher P content (2770 μg/g feed, while control= 967 μg/g feed and FWB= 1942 μg/g feed) favoured the growth of plankton and led to better growth of bighead carp (in terms of length gain, wet weight gain and productivity), while grass carp fed with FWB showed significant better growth (in terms of length gain, wet weight gain, productivity, feed conversion ratio, specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio), probably due to the relatively lower amount of carbohydrate (24.2%) and CHO:L ratio (1.83) than Control and FWA. Mud carp grew equally well in ponds fed with the three diets. FWB was subsequentially selected for further feeding experiments. A laboratory feeding trial was conducted to study the effects of feeding grass carp and Nile tilapia with FWB on their growth performance in terms of relative weight gain (RWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), specific growth rate (SGR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER), and protein digestibility. Both fish fed with FWB showed similar growth performances to groups fed with control diet (Jiefeng® 613), while grass carp showed impaired protein digestibility when compared to group fed with control diet. FWB supplemented with 0.3% of vitamin-mineral premix (VMP) significantly improved the growth performance of both fish species and protein digestibility for grass carp. Results suggested that FWB incorporation with VMP would be necessary as it significantly enhanced growth of the fish. Four dietary supplements (inulin, mannan-oligosacharride, huangqi and goji, at the rates of 0.2% or 2%, w/w) were incorporated into FWB for further enhancing fish growth as well as non-specific immunity of grass carp and Nile tilapia. Grass carp fed with 0.2% and 2% inulin, 2% MOS and 0.2% goji, and Nile tilapia fed with 0.2% goji had significantly enhanced growth (RWG, FCR, SGR and PER). Both prebiotic fibres and Chinese herbs boosted the tested non-specific immune parameters (total serum immunoglobin, serum bactericidal activity and anti-protease activity) of both species. Among all the dietary supplements, 0.2% goji appeared to be the best supplement for both grass carp and Nile tilapia as it significantly enhanced the growth among all experimental diets. Grass carp and Nile tilapia fed with 0.2% showed about 10% and 30% higher RWG, 10% and 30% lower FCR value, respectively, than groups fed with other experimental diets. Moreover, all the tested non-specific immune parameters (total serum immunoglobin, serum bactericidal activity and anti-protease activity) were significantly enhanced when compared with the groups fed with control diets (Control and FWB without supplementation) . The present study demonstrated the feasibilities of using food wastes incorporated with feed supplements (prebiotic fibres and Chinese herbs) to enhance fish growth and immunity, for the sustainable development of Hong Kong inland aquaculture.
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Kalakoutis, Michaeljohn. "Specific force in human single muscle fibres with specific reference to ageing." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2017. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/specific-force-in-human-single-muscle-fibres-with-specific-reference-to-ageing(99224606-619b-46f8-87d4-a175a2ade014).html.
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The loss of muscle strength in the elderly is greater than the loss of muscle mass, termed specific force (SF) loss, and indicates that a decrease in muscle quality contributes to age-related muscular weakness. The present PhD thesis has studied age-related SF loss in human skeletal muscle using a skinned single muscle fibre model. A large variation in published skinned fibre SF measurements was found to exist in the literature. Therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to identify factors causing this variability. The majority of publications were objectively divided into four research groups based on shared authorship. Methodological differences between research groups contributed to ~30% of the variance in the literature, suggesting that they are an important contributor to the variance in published SF values. Different research groups use different activating solutions to study skinned fibres, and were assessed experimentally. Skinned fibres were exposed to different, but commonly used activating solutions (termed A and B). A significantly higher SF and a shorter time to half peak tension (t50) was measured from the same fibres in solution B compared with solution A. The use of TES in solution B instead of Imidazole as a pH buffer largely caused the SF difference, and a lower Cl- concentration and the use of Glutathione in solution B partly caused the faster t50. These findings indicate that the use of different activating solutions likely affects the variance of published SF values. The final study in this thesis compared SF between skinned fibres from physically active and comparatively frail elderly cohorts to a young, healthy group. MHC I fibre SF was significantly higher in solution B than A within all groups. No significant differences in SF, myosin content (SDS PAGE) or order (X-ray diffraction) were observed between groups. These findings suggest that physical activity does not affect age-related skinned fibre SF loss and that SF is related to skinned fibre myosin content.
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Vafaee, Maedeh. "Conception, développement et caractérisation des fibres spécifiques activées (composite nanoweb) pour le traitement des rejets de l'industrie textile." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MULH3062.
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Dans cette recherche, dans un premier temps, un nouveau catalyseur a été synthétisé par une nouvelle méthode de combustion et il a été également caractérisé et mis en oeuvre dans un réacteur photo catalytique afin de dégrader les composés organiques. Puis, ces photo-catalyseurs ont été immobilisés sur la surface de non-tissés de nano fibres polyamide obtenues par le procédé d'électro-filage (electro-spinning) en utilisant une machine semi-industrielle. Ensuite, les comportements mécaniques de non tissés de nano-fibre de polyamide (PA) ont été étudiés à court et à long terme par test de traction et de fluage. Ceci a permis d'une part d'évaluer finement les propriétés des non tissés et d'autre part de modéliser leur comportement au moyen de modèles analogiques. Le modèle de Kelvin-Voigt généralisé a montré sa robustesse. Ces non tissés de nanofibres ont été installés sur 1a paroi du réacteur afin d'avoir un réacteur en inox à lit fixe et d'éviter des inconvénients d'un système hétérogène. Les résultats d'analyse des solutions, nous ont montré une dégradation favorable des composés organiques et les produits intermédiaires dans un système de circulation fermée. La mise sous pression du réacteur a confirmé, comme montré dans les essais mécaniques, que les propriétés mécaniques des fibres dopées étaient suffisantes pour supporter les contraintes mécaniques liées au flux du liquideIn this research, at first, a new catalyst was synthesized by a new combustion method and it was also characterized and applied in a photo-catalytic reactor to degrade the organic compounds. Then, these photocatalysts were immobilized on the surface of nonwovens of polyamide nano fibers obtained by the electro-spinning process using a semi-industrial machine. Then, the mechanical behaviors of polyamide (PA) nano-fiber nonwovens were studied in the short and long term by tensile and creep test. This allowed on the one hand to evaluate finely the properties of nonwovens and on the other hand to model their behavior on average of analog models. The generalized Kelvin-Voigt model has shown its robustness. They were installed on the reactor wall in order to have a stainless steel fixed bed reactor and to avoid the disadvantages of a heterogencous system. The solution analysis results showed us a favorable degradation of organic compounds and intermediate products in a closed circulation system. Pressurizing the reactor confirmed, as shown in the mechanical tests, that the mechanical properties of the doped fibers were sufficient to withstand the mechanical stresses associated with the flow of the Jiquid
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Wang, Rui. "Site-specific prediction and measurement of cotton fiber quality." Diss., Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2004. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-10122004-220250.
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Escobar, Claudia Patricia. "Fiber type-specific effect of contractile activity on HSP70 expression." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ43380.pdf.
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Kenney, Floyd E. "Biosensor Production By Conjugation Of HSA-Specific Peptide To Functionalized Nanotube Fiber." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1525360589515967.
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Nakhaei, Mohsen. "Layer-specific multiscale mechanical modeling of arterial structures with evolving fiber configurations." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEM014.
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Les tissus artériels sont constitués de réseaux de collagène et d'élastine diversement organisés et présentent un comportement anisotrope hautement non linéaire ainsi que la capacité de supporter de grandes déformations réversibles. Ces dernières s'accompagnent d'un réarrangement progressif des réseaux de fibres induit parle chargement. Dans cette thèse, l'important couplage entre la morphologie de la microstructure artérielle et sa réponse mécanique nous a motivé à développer un modèle multi-échelle détaillé de la paroi artérielle. Le cadre de la micromécanique des milieux continus a été utilisé dans une approche incrémentale pour calculer la contrainte, la déformation et les réorientations de fibres. Les extensions du problème d'inclusion de la matrice d'Eshelby permettent d'obtenir des expressions analytiques pour les tenseurs de concentration, qui relient le tenseur de vitesse de déformation macroscopique à la vitesse de déformation et à la vorticité moyennés sur les phases. Nous avons modélisé séparément le comportement de l'adventice et de la média, avant de proposer un modèle complet pour l'artère. De plus, le modèle de comportement multi-échelle a été implémenté dans une formulation éléments finis non linéaire, afin de réaliser des calculs de structure sur l'artère. Le modèle a été validé par différents ensembles de données expérimentales sur des échantillons artériels de différentes espèces. Les résultats montrent que le modèle est capable d'estimer la contribution de chaque tunique dans la réponse macroscopique du tissu pour différents chargements et peut prédire avec précision à la fois la réponse macroscopique et la cinématique microscopique des fibresArterial tissues are made of variously organized collagen and elastin networks and exhibit a highly nonlinear anisotropic behavior with the ability to sustain large reversible strains and to undergo a load-induced progressive morphological rearrangement of the microstructure. In the present study motivated by these specificities of arterial mechanics, we developed a detailed multi-scale model of the arterial wall. The framework of finite strain continuum micromechanics was employed in an incremental approach to compute stress, strain, and fiber reorientations. The extensions of Eshelby’s matrix-inclusion problem allowed for deriving analytical expressions for the concentration tensors, which relate the macroscopic strain rate tensor to phase-averaged strain rate and vorticity. The model accounts for the universal patterns across different scales in the two mechanically significant layers of arteries, namely the adventitia and the media. Furthermore, the multi-scale constitutive model was implemented in a non-linear finite element formulation to solve the structural model of the artery. The model was validated against different experimental data sets on arterial samples from different species. The results show that the model is able to estimate the contribution of each component into the macroscopic response of the tissue for different loading and can predict both the macroscopic response and microscopic fiber kinematics accurately. We submit that such model would help in predicting the evolution of the mechanical tissue response overtime during, for instance, remodeling and growth or damage
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Geesin, Frances. "The chemical and structural manipulation of fabrics and fibres through stiffening techniques with specific emphasis on electrodeposition." Thesis, Online version, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.262192.
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Hildén, Lars. "The characterization of wood and wood fibre ultrastructure using specific enzymes /." Uppsala : Dept. of Wood Science, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2004. http://epsilon.slu.se/s328.pdf.
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Jones, Simon W. "Fibre-type specific expression of the calpain proteolytic system in skeletal muscle." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312237.
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Cui, Xiaojiang. "Identification of cotton fiber stage-specific genes and characterization of a potential plant callose synthase subunit CFL1 /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Ulrich, Robert M. "Development of a Sensitive and Specific Biosensor Assay to Detect Vibrio vulnificus in Estuarine Waters." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000532.
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Clemente, Adam. "Fibre-specific white matter in chronic traumatic brain injury patients : Towards single-subject profiles." Phd thesis, Australian Catholic University, 2021. https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/download/9b395d078ab2723066c3643d308093662cf0bd64fdddd41b646f39d7a0114753/26511759/Adam_Clemente_2021_Fibre_specific_white_matter_in_chronic_%5BREDACTED%5D.pdf.
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Aims and Background: Moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (m-sTBI) leads to poor functional outcomes due to chronic deficits in cognitive and motor functions. These long-term functional outcomes are often difficult to treat and predict. The overarching aim of this thesis was to develop a science-led and principled paradigm to help better understand and potentially improve functional outcomes in chronic m-sTBI patients. m-sTBI patients are highly heterogeneous due to the nature and location of injuries, which is an important predictor of functional outcomes. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides quantitative measurements of macroscopic (i.e., anatomical MRI) and microscopic (i.e., diffusion MRI; dMRI) characteristics of these injuries. Imaging-based characterisation when combined with training can help identify behaviourally relevant biomarkers (i.e., neurological metrics that are associated with aspects of behaviour), which are notable indicators of one’s response to training or therapy. Therefore, the current thesis attempted to address the overarching aim by incorporating relevant structural neuroimaging and behaviourally relevant biomarkers in response to training.
Method and Results: This overarching aim of this thesis was addressed across three studies. Study 1 was designed to summarise the recent findings on training-induced structural neuroplasticity research in acquired brain injury (ABI) populations following cognitive and/or motor training (i.e., targeting the most prevalent chronic symptoms) due to scarce research in m-sTBI. The critical review revealed that most studies have used (1) dMRI as the primary structural MRI modality, which may be more sensitive to training-related changes; (2) non-biologically specific dMRI tensor-based metrics; and (3) non-intensive single-modality training protocols (i.e., cognitive/motor training alone, not combined). It was also argued that developing robust longitudinal single-subject profiling designs (i.e., 1 patient vs X controls), shifting away from group-comparisons, may be necessary in m-sTBI patients to control for excessive heterogeneity in their injuries. Given these findings, the overarching aim of the thesis was addressed in the empirical studies through a two-part paradigm. This was to first develop behaviourally relevant biomarkers in a healthy cohort (i.e., as those developed in m-sTBI patients are limited by excessive heterogeneity); then develop and present a preliminary, longitudinal single-subject profiling framework utilising fibre-specific white matter which may potentially be interpreted with the developed behaviourally relevant biomarkers. This was conducted in order to understand our knowledge of neurocognitive function in m-sTBI and how functional outcomes change due to the effects of different training regimes, at the individual-subject level.
Two empirical studies were conducted to present (1) how to develop a behaviourally relevant biomarker using fibre-specific dMRI metrics in a healthy cohort (Study 2); and (2) a proof-of-concept longitudinal single-subject profiling approach for individual m-sTBI subjects (Study 3). To demonstrate the paradigm, Study 2 aimed to develop a robust behaviourally relevant biomarker for attentional lapses in a healthy cohort; a common yet under-studied symptom of m-sTBI which may precipitate other cognitive deficits and certain motor deficits. The novel findings were that decreased white matter fibre-density of the superior longitudinal fasciculus-I is associated with greater susceptibility to attentional lapses in healthy controls, and may be a behaviourally relevant biomarker that can be targeted in m-sTBI patients. The aim of Study 3 was to develop and present a clinically specific longitudinal single-subject profiling framework for chronic m-sTBI patients which incorporates (1) subject and tract specific characterisations of white matter microstructure; and (2) attention (e.g., attentional lapses) and motor (e.g., fine motor skills) behaviours following a combined cognitive and motor training. These novel longitudinal single-subject profiles may be compared to putative behaviourally relevant biomarkers for further interpretations, such as those discovered in Study 2. These novel profiles await further validation and extensions, but ultimately may assist with diagnostic and/or treatment decisions made to individual m-sTBI patients.
Conclusion: The current thesis presents a principled, case-based neuroimaging paradigm that may help better understand and potentially improve functional outcomes in chronic m-sTBI patients. This novel paradigm provides an important stepping stone for future research to further expand upon single-subject profiling and by developing comprehensive behaviourally relevant biomarkers targeting m-sTBI deficits for in-depth interpretations. With further validations and extensions of this approach, the case-based paradigm developed in this thesis may assist with conventional care options and continued work may lead to neuroimaging-guided training to help better understand, predict and assist recovery with outcomes in chronic m-sTBI patients.
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Nilsson, Saga. "More than meets the dye : a textile design exploration of combining fibre-specific dyeing and structural weaving to create a multidimensional fabric." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-208.
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This project explores the combination of a woven structure consisting of different fibers with dyeing to create a multidimensional woven textile capable of altering in expression. This project aims to show how a designer can work with fibre-specific dyeing and multiple fibers in a woven textile and the many possibilities this lends in a design process. With a sustainable approach to the matter used in the project, creating more with less, a suggestion is made of an alternative method of creating multidimensional fabrics. The chemical reaction between pigment and fiber is explored to show a greater appreciation for the textile material and to create fabrics capable of multiple expressions. One woven fabric, in individual pieces, is dyed in reactive-, acid- and disperse-dye. The cellulose-, wool- and synthetic yarns in the fabric absorb their intended pigment but also show how they react to another category of dye. A series of dyed samples, all originating from the same woven material with an abstract pattern, show the varied expression the treatment can achieve. The fabric and method presented in the project show an example of how one can compose a series of textiles with less matter but with more expression.
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Qaisar, Rizwan. "Myonuclear Organization and Regulation of Muscle Contraction in Single Muscle Fibres : Effects of Ageing, Gender, Species, Endocrine Factors and Muscle Size." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Klinisk neurofysiologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-167723.
Full textAbstract:
The skeletal muscle fibre is a syncitium where each myonucleus regulates the gene products in a finite volume of cytoplasm i.e., the myonuclear domain (MND). A novel image analysis algorithm applied to confocal images, analyzing MND size and myonuclear spatial distribution in 3-dimensions in single skeletal muscle fibres has been used in this project. The goal was to explore the modulation of myonuclei count and MND size in response to muscle adaptation processes. The effects of ageing, gender, hormones, muscle hypertrophy and body size were investigated on MND size. A strong linear relationship was found between MND size and body size in the muscle fibres from mammals representing a 100,000-fold difference in body size. Independent of species, MND size was highly dependent on MyHC isoform type and mitochondrial contents of skeletal muscle fibres. In hypertrophic mice, a significant effect of MND size on specific force and myosin content was observed. This effect was muscle fibre type-specific and shows that the bigger MNDs in fast-twitch EDL muscle fibres are optimally tuned for force production while smaller MNDs in slow-twitch soleus muscle fibres have a much more dynamic range of hypertrophy without functional compromise. This indicates a critical volume individual myonuclei can support efficiently for a proportional gain in muscle fibre force and size. In human muscle fibres, spatial organization of myonuclei was affected by both ageing and MyHC isoform expression. In fibres expressing type I MyHC isoform, an increased MND size variability and myonuclear aggregates were observed in old age although average MND size was unchanged. In contrast, in type IIa fibres, the average MND size was smaller reflecting smaller size of muscle fibres. Those changes may influence the transcriptional activity per myonucleus and/or local cooperatively of myonuclei in a gender and muscle fibre-type specific manner. Finally, hormone replacement therapy was shown to negate menopause-related functional impairment in skeletal muscle fibres. The positive effect on force was due to quantitative effect in fibres expressing fast myosin isoform while the effect was both quantitative and qualitative in fibres expressing slow myosin isoform. The effect on MND size was fibre type dependent and was achieved by significantly reducing domain size in slow- but not the fast-twitch muscle fibres. Together, our data suggest that modulation of myonuclei count and MND size is a mechanism contributing to remodelling of skeletal muscle in muscle adaptation process. These findings should be considered when developing therapeutic approaches towards restoring muscle mass and strength in muscle wasting conditions.
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Zhao, Haotian. "Exploring the role of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling in mouse lens fiber differentiation through tissue-specific disruption of FGF receptor gene family." Connect to this title online, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1072722841.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 203 p.; also includes graphics (some col.) Includes bibliographical references (p. 179-203). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
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Awad, Lamia. "A 49 base-pair region of the IRE enhancer directs fast skeletal muscle fiber-type-specific expression of the troponin I (fast) gene." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=18454.
Full textAbstract:
The troponin I fast (TnIfast) gene, a member of a differentially-expressed three-member TnI multigene family is expressed specifically in fast skeletal muscle fibers. The tissue and fiber type specificity of the TnIfast gene is driven by an Intronic Regulatory Element (IRE) in the first intron. The IRE is a 148 bp transcriptional enhancer, that contains four known or suspected cis regulatory elements; E-box, MEF2, CCAC, and CAGG elements. A previous study in this lab suggested that fast-fiber type specificity is driven by elements that reside in the 5'-most 30 bp of the IRE, a region that includes the E-box motif. My initial goal was to further localize the hypothetical fast fiber type specific element(s) within this region. The experimental approach was to make IRE partial deletions and mutations in reporter gene constructs in which IRE derivatives were cloned upstream of an enhancer-dependent TnI fast minimal promoter driving the reporter gene LacZ. The transcriptional activity of these constructs in fast and slow muscle fibers was evaluated by direct gene transfer into adult mouse skeletal muscle followed by histochemical analysis of LacZ reporter expression. My results showed that the E-box was not required for IRE fast-fiber specificity or high-level expression in adult skeletal muscles. Moreover, additional deletion constructs indicated, in contrast with the previous study, that the 5'-most 30 bp segment is not required for fast-fiber-specificity. I was able to show that a 49 bp IRE segment, not including the 5'-most 30 bp, but including MEF2 and CCAC elements, is sufficient to drive fast-fiber specific expression in adult mouse skeletal muscles. I discuss possible causes for the discordant results between the two studies, and the implications of my findings for the regulatory mechanisms of the IRE.Le gène troponin I rapide (TnIfast) est un member d'une famille de gènes multiple don't les members s'expriment d'une façons differente celon le type de fibre du muscle squelettique. La spécificité pour le type de tissue et le type de fibre du gène TnIfast est due a un "intronic regulatory element" (IRE) situé dans le premier intron. Le IRE est un enhancer de 148 bp qui contient quatre éléments-cis connus; E-box, MEF2, CCAC et le CAGG elements. Une étude précédente dans notre laboratoire a suggeré que la spécificité du gène troponin I rapide pour le type de fibre est due a des éléments résidant dans les 30 pair de bases situé dans l'éxtrimité gauche du IRE, une région qui contient le site "E-box". Mon but initial était de localise cet élément hypothétique dans ces 30 pairs de bases de l' IRE. Mon approche experimental était de préparer des versions du IRE mutées ou tronquées partiellement. Ces derives de IRE ont été couplés a un gène signal consistant en un promoter TnI fast minimal lié avec le gène LacZ. L'activité transcriptionnelle de ces construits été evalué par transfert de gène in vivo dans le muscle squelettique de souris adults. Cela été suivit par l'analyse histochimique de l'expression du gène signal, le LacZ. Mes resultats ont montre que le E-box n'était pas essentielle pour l'expression ou la spécificité pour les fibre rapide de l' IRE dans les muscle squelettique. De plus, des experiences additionelle ont indique que les 30 bp sont pas essentiel pour la spécificité pour le type de fibre rapide et cela en contradiction avec l'étude précédant. Dans des études additionelles j'ai pu montrer qu'un sègment de 49 bp de l' IRE, inclue les éléments MEF2 et CCAC, est suffisant pour causée l'expression de la spécificité pour le fibre rapide.
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Rajendran, Vijayalakshmi. "Development of Organ-Specific Progenitor Cell Cultures as Efficacy Test Platforms for Electron-Spun Fibre Meshes in Regenerative Medicine Applications." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för fysik, kemi och biologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-74232.
Full textAbstract:
The nervous and cardiovascular system plays the most complex and vital role in all organisms. Any damage or injury to these essential organs in our body results in long term irreversible impairment or death. The main goal of the regenerative medicine is to repair or recreate tissues using stem cells to restore the vital function of the targeted organ. Along with organ specific stem/progenitor cells, non-toxic, biodegradable synthetic polymers are also needed for an effective reparative therapy. The effect of PCL materials and surface modified (PEDOT coated) PCL materials of different topology with neural progenitor cells as test platforms are evaluated for cytotoxicity and neuron differentiation. The stem cells from heart are isolated and characterized as cardiac stem cells by Fluorescence activated cell sorting through specific antigen expression. The cardiac stem cells are used to establish effective proliferation and differentiation system. Hence, developing cardiac and neural progenitor cell cultures as an efficacy test platforms for biomaterials of different diameter and orientation benefits respective tissue engineering with proper restoration of function. Further, the nerve and cardiac tissue rejuvenation would serve as a regenerative therapy for numerous neurodegenerative disorders and cardiovascular disorders like myocardial infarction respectively.
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Doste, Beltrán Rubén. "Computational models of the heart for planning and treatment of outflow tract ventricular arrhythmias." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668034.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this thesis was to develop personalised cardiovascular therapy guided by multimodal noninvasive imaging and simulations, combined with artificial intelligence tools, for the management of the outflow tract ventricular arrhythmias. The main contributions of this thesis are twofold:
-We propose a pipeline to build heart computational models for simulation of ventricular tachycardia that incorporates a new specific rule-base method for fiber generation, including the ventricular outflow tracts. The pipeline allows carrying out multiscale simulations, obtaining the patient ECG for different scenarios.
-We exploit the simulated data in two different ways. First, we analyse the patient's ECG preoperatively and compare it with the simulated ECGs to find the most probable site of origin of the tachycardia. In cases in which we do not have patient imaging data, we classify the patient ECG by machine learning techniques to predict the site of origin, using the simulated ECGs for training.El objetivo principal de esta tesis fue el desarrollo de una terapia cardiovascular personalizada guiada por información multimodal no invasiva y simulaciones, combinadas con herramientas de inteligencia artificial, para el manejo de taquicardias ventriculares idiopáticas originadas en los tractos de salida del ventrículo. Las principales contribuciones de esta tesis son dos: -Desarrollo de un método de creación de modelos computacionales del corazón con el fin de simular taquicardias ventriculares, que incluye un nuevo modelo específico para calcular la orientación de las fibras en los tractos de salida del corazón. Este método permite realizar simulaciones multiescala, obteniendo el ECG virtual de cada paciente para diferentes escenarios. -Tratamiento de los resultados de las simulaciones. Primero, los ECG reales de los pacientes fueron comparados con ECGs simulados para encontrar el sitio de origen más probable de la taquicardia. En los casos en los que no se disponía de datos de imagen del paciente, el ECG del paciente fue clasificado mediante técnicas de aprendizaje automático, entrenadas con los datos simulados, para predecir el sitio de origen.
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Funkquist, John. "Att hitta och släppa kontroll : Hantverk i teori och praktik." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Malmstens Linköpings universitet, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-157411.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this thesis is to explore how theoretical studies on handicrafts may be rewarding and usefull for a craftsman. The aim is also to explore how quality is defined within crafts and to explore different aesthetic qualities that can be achieved within the craft of cabinetmaking. In addition, the aim is also to broaden the view on how skillfullnes may be expressed within the craft of cabinetmaking. The work begins with theoretical studies of two craft philosophers - David Pye and Soetsu Yanagi. Then, their ideas are applied practically through the making of two pieces of furniture. Aesthetic expressions characterized by randomness, imperfection and irregularity is specially sought after. The conclusions of the thesis shows that theoretical studies may be benefiting and rewarding for a craftsman.Syftet med detta arbete är att visa hur teoretiska studier om hantverk är utvecklande och användbara för en praktiserande hantverkare. Syftet är också att undersöka vad som definierar gott hantverk samt att undersöka vilka olika estetiska kvalitéer som kan åstadkommas inom snickerihantverket. Dessutom vill arbetet bredda synen på hur skicklighet och förståelse för materialet trä kan uttryckas. Arbetet inleds med teoretiska studier av två hantverksfilosofer - David Pye och Soetsu Yanagi. Därefter tillämpas deras idéer praktiskt genom tillverkningen av två möbler. Särskilt fokus läggs på att åstadkomma estetiska uttryck som präglas av slump, imperfektion och irregularitet. Slutsatserna visar att ett teoretiska studier kan bredda en praktiserande hantverkares syn på vad som är möjligt att åstadkomma inom snickerihantverket samt att materialet trä tillåter en bredd av uttryck.
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Berger, Gregory L. "Diallel analysis and heritability estimates of fiber traits for ELS, Gossypium hirsutum L., progeny." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2009-05-280.
Full textAbstract:
With a demand for high-quality cotton fiber in international markets,
improvement of fiber quality in U.S. grown commercial cultivars is necessary. Smith,
Hague, Thaxton, and Jones developed a group of experimental lines in 2008 that
produced extra-long staple fiber (>35.6 mm). This study determined general combining
ability (GCA), and specific combining ability (SCA) of four experimental ELS lines and
four commercial cultivars utilizing biplot and conventional diallel analysis, determined
performance of F2 progeny, calculated broad-sense (H2) heritability estimates for F2
progeny, and verified the ability of selected parental combinations to produce variable
segregating populations with variability of fiber traits. Initial crosses were made in 2007,
with additional crosses being made in the field and in a greenhouse in 2008. F1 progeny
and parents were grown in a replicated trial near College Station, TX, in 2007 and 2008.
F2 progeny lines and parents were grown in replicated trials at two locations in 2008.
Due to a significant GxY interaction for all F1 fiber traits, data were reported by years.
Experimental ELS lines showed positive GCA effects for fiber length, strength, and length uniformity, while the majority of commercial lines showed negative effects.
These findings suggest experimental ELS lines contain alleles for fiber length and
strength not present in this particular set of commercial cultivars. Experimental ELS
lines exhibited negative GCA effects for lint percent, which suggests further selection is
needed for these lines to be commercially competitive. Performances of F2 lines suggest
differences in fiber traits are predominantly due to additive gene action. Furthermore,
data suggests alleles for fiber length and strength is present in the experimental ELS
lines not present in the commercial cultivars. F2 progeny exhibited moderate heritability
for all fiber traits. Sufficient variability exists within selected F2 progeny to select for
phenotypes exhibiting improved fiber quality over commercial cultivar potential with
similar agronomic qualities of commercial cultivars. The ELS lines are a useful source
of germplasm for plant breeders looking to improve fiber qualities in their programs.
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Huang, Lu-kai, and 黃律凱. "Ultradrawing and Ultimate Tenacity Properties of Novel Ultra-high Molecular Weight Polyethylene Composite Fibers Filled with Nanosilica Particles with varying specific surface areas." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77665818151392068361.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
材料科學與工程系
101
Systemic investigation of the influence of the original and modified nanosilica contents on the ultradrawing properties of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)/nanosilica (F100Sy) and UHMWPE/ modified nanosilica (F100Smx-y) as-prepared fibers are reported. In a way similar to those found for the orientation factor values, the achievable draw ratios (Dra) of F100Sy and F100Smx-y as-prepared fibers approached a maximum value as their nanosilica and/or modified nanosilica contents reached their corresponding optimum values at 0.0625 and 0.0375 phr, respectively. The maximum Dra values obtained for F100Smx-0.0375 as-prepared fiber specimens prepared at varying maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene (PE-g-MAH)/nanosilica weight ratios were significantly higher that of the F100S0.0625 as-prepared fiber specimen prepared at the optimum nanosilica content. Tensile property analyses further suggested that excellent orientation and tensile properties of the drawn F100Sy and F100Smx-y fibers can be obtained by ultradrawing the fibers prepared at their optimum original nanosilica and/or modified nanosilica contents, respectively. To understand the interesting orientation, ultradrawing and tensile properties of F100Sy and F100Smx-y fiber specimens, FTIR and specific surface area analyses of the original and modified nanosilica particles were performed in this study.
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Tsai, Chih-Chen, and 蔡志宸. "Investigation of Specific Surface Areas of nanosilica particles on Ultradrawing and Ultimate tensile Properties of Ultra-high Molecular Weight Polyethylene /Nanosilica Composite Fibers." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/90656937596461560678.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
材料科學與工程系
103
ystemic investigation of the influence of original and modified nanosilica particles with varying specific surface areas on the ultradrawing properties of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)/nanosilic (F100Sxz) and UHMWPE/ modified nanosilica (F100Sxmy-z) as-prepared fibers are reported. The achievable draw ratios (Dra) of F100Sxz and F100Sxmy-z as-prepared fibers approached a maximum value as their nanosilica and/or modified nanosilica contents reached their corresponding optimum values, respectively.
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Wang, Chuen-Kai, and 王俊凱. "Investigation of the Influence of Specific Surface Areas of nanoparticles on Ultradrawing and Ultimate Tensile Properties of Ultra-high Molecular Weight Polyethylene Nanocomposite Fibers." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13267096812863445495.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立臺灣科技大學
材料科學與工程系
103
Systemic investigation of the influence of specific surface areas of bacterial cellulose (BC), acid treated activated nanocarbon (ATANC), nanosilica (NSIx) and functionalized bacterial cellulose (FBCmx), functionalized activated nanocarbon (FANCmx), functionalized nanosilica (FNSIxmy) nanoparticles on the ultradrawing and ultimate tensile properties of ultrahigh molecular polyetheylenes (UHMWPE), UHMWPE/bacterial cellulose (F100BCy), UHMWPE/acid treated activated nanocarbon (F100ATANCy), UHMWPE/nanosilica (F100NSIxz), UHMWPE/ functionalized bacterial cellulose (F100FBCmxy), UHMWPE/ functionalized activated nanocarbon (F100FANCmxy) and UHMWPE/ functionalized nanosilica (F100FNSIxmy-z) as-prepared and/or drawn fibers are reported. The achievable draw ratios (Dra) of F100FBCmxy, F100FANCmxy, F100FNSI100my-z, F100FNSI300my-z and F100FNSI600my-z as-prepared fibers approached a maximal value as their modified nanoparticles contents reached a corresponding optimal value, respectively. In which, Dra values of F100FBCmxy, F100FANCmxy, F100FNSI100my-z, F100FNSI300my-z and F100FNSI600my-z as-prepared fibers prepared at the optimal functionalized nanoparticle contents at 0.075, 0.0625, 0.075, 0.05 and 0.0375 phr, respectively, exhibited a maximal Dra value. Moreover, F100FBCmx0.075, F100FANCmx0.0625, F100FNSI100my-0.075, F100FNSI300my-0.05 and F100FNSI600my-0.0375 as-prepared fibers prepared at the optimal nanoparticle contents, exhibited another maximal Dra values, respectively, as their NSI100, NSI300, BC, NSI600 and ATANC nanoparticles were modified using an optimal weight ratio of PEg-MAH to NSI100, NSI300, BC, NSI600 and ATANC at 3, 6, 10, 10.5 and12.5, respectively. In fact, the maximal Dra values obtained for the best prepared F100FNSI100m3-0.075, F100FNSI300m6-0.05, F100FBCm100.075, F100FNSI600m10.5-0.0375 and F100FANCm120.0625 as-prepared fibers increased significantly as the specific surface areas of functionalized nanoparticles increased. Similar to those found for their orientation factor (fo) values, the tensile strength (f) and modulus (E) values of drawn F100FBCmxy, F100FANCmxy, F100FNSI100my-z, F100FNSI300my-z and F100FNSI600my-z fiber specimens reached a maximal value as their functionalized nanoparticle contents approach the optimal value, respectively. In which, f and E values of drawn F100FBCmxy, F100FANCmxy, F100FNSI100my-z, F100FNSI300my-z and F100FNSI600my-z fiber specimens prepared at a fixed draw ratio and the optimal functionalized nanoparticle contents at 0.075, 0.0625, 0.075, 0.05 and 0.0375 phr, respectively, exhibited a maximal f and E value. Moreover, at a fixed draw ratio, drawn F100FBCmx0.075, F100FANCmx0.0625, F100FNSI100my-0.075, F100FNSI300my-0.05 and F100FNSI600my-0.0375 fiber specimens prepared at the optimal nanoparticle contents, exhibited another maximal f and E values, respectively, as their NSI100, NSI300, BC, NSI600 and ATANC nanoparticles were modified using an optimal weight ratio of PEg-MAH to NSI100, NSI300, BC, NSI600 and ATANC at 3, 6, 10, 10.5 and12.5, respectively. In fact, the highest f and E values obtained for drawn F100FNSI100m3-0.075, F100FNSI300m6-0.05, F100FBCm100.075, F100FNSI600m10.5-0.0375 and F100FANCm120.0625 fibers specimens increased significantly as the specific surface areas of their functionalized nanoparticles increased. For instance, the ultimate f values of best prepared F100FNSI100m3-0.075, F100FNSI300m6-0.05, F100FBCm100.075, F100FNSI600m10.5-0.0375 and F100FANCm120.0625 fibers reached 4.4 , 7.1, 7.3 7.6 and 7.8 GPa, respectively, as the specific surface areas of FNSI100m3, FNSI300m6, FBCm10 , FNSI600m10.5 and FANCm12.5 particles increased from 129.8 to 335.8, 439.7, 630.7 and 1098.6 m2/g, respectively. Possible reasons accounting for the above interesting ultradrawing and tensile properties of F100FBCmxy, F100FANCmxy, F100FNSI100my-z, F100FNSI300my-z and F100FNSI600my-z fibers are proposed in this study.
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LIN, YUNG-CHE, and 林詠哲. "Specific protein concentration sensing by S-shape Long Period Fiber Grating." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9gjgq6.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
機械與精密工程研究所
104
In this study, by adopting lithography and collecting SU-8 3050 thick-film photoresist and optical fiber etched by Hydrofluoric acid (BOE), produced a S-Shape Long Period Fiber Grating (SLPFG), which used as an specific protein sensor. During the research, different concentrations of protein were sensed by S-Shape Long Period Fiber Grating (SLPFG).First of all, the sensor was dipped in sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to generate hydroxyl group (O-H), and then soaked in (3-Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) to generate the bonding of amine group (N-H) with O-H, After that, the silylated surface could make the optical fiber bonded with HDAC6 antibodies. After processing, there is no wavelength shift amount and the maximum transmission loss is 0.15 dB when using HDAC6 antibodies against the total proteins of Mahlavu cells, while the minimum concentration is 1.363ng/L , transmission loss is 2.42dB, and wavelength shift achieve 17.83nm, when using HDAC6 antibodies against the total proteins of SK-Hep1 cells. From this result, it shows that using S-LPFG to detect the specific protein is feasible and the minimum concentration achieve 1.363ng/L, which could be proved by western blot.
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Galpin, Andrew J. "A novel method of assessing human skeletal muscle fiber type specific protein content." 2011. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1652231.
Full textAbstract:
Little is known about protein profiles in slow-twitch (MHC I) and fast-twitch (MHC IIa and MHC IIx) human skeletal muscle fibers. Therefore we developed a method of assessing fiber type specific protein content across the continuum of human skeletal muscle fiber types. The method presented here combines the advantages of SDS-PAGE for fiber typing with the common Western Blot (WB) technique. Individual vastus lateralis muscle fibers (n = 264) were isolated and clipped into two portions, one for fiber-typing and one for protein identification. Following fiber type determination, WB destined fiber segments were combined into fiber type specific pools (20 fibers/pool) and assessed for GAPDH, actin, Citrate Synthase, and total p38 content. GAPDH expression was 69%, 92%, 159%, and 200% more abundant in MHC I/IIa, MHC IIa, MHC IIa/IIx, and MHC IIx pools when compared to MHC I, respectively. Inversely, Citrate synthase content was 526%, 497%, 316%, and 47% more abundant in MHC I, MHC I/IIa, MHC IIa, and MHC IIa/IIx when compared to MHC IIx, respectively. Similar to GAPDH, total p38 expression was 67% greater in MHC IIa versus MHC I fibers. These data establish a novel application of WB combined with SDS-PAGE for fiber type
specific protein analysis in human skeletal muscle. These initial results show content of particular proteins exist in a hierarchal fashion throughout the continuum of human skeletal muscle fiber types. Application of these methods will enhance our understanding of skeletal muscle health profiles among physically active and clinically based populations.Access to thesis permanently restricted to Ball State community only
School of Physical Education, Sport, and Exercise Science
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Lai, Chih-Wei, and 賴志瑋. "Simultaneous Measurement of Liquid Level and Specific Gravity Based on Optical Fiber Sensors." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89572034487602688822.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
奈米科技暨微系統工程研究所
97
In this study, the optical fiber liquid level sensor based on fiber Bragg grating and the optical fiber pressure sensor based on Faby-Perot interferometer have been designed and fabricated. The liquid level sensor makes use of the fiber Bragg grating that glued onto the centric surface of uniform strength cantilever beam. The liquid level sensor can measure the range from 0.45m to 0.78m with the sensitivity of 0.01491nm/cm and it exhibits an approximately linear response. The design and fabrication of the pressure sensor based on Fabry-Perot interferometer utilize the MEMS technique and only needs a few of simple procedures. The pressure sensing membrane consists of a base polyimide layer, a metal reflective layer, and a SU-8 layer covered on the metal layer. The measurement range of the pressure sensor is from 0.98kPa to 6.86kPa with the sensitivity of 0.1569μm/kPa. The simultaneous measurement systems of liquid level and specific gravity have also developed in this study. Any two sensor elements in this thesis can be combined to a simultaneous measurement system of liquid level and specific gravity. The system can reduce the error to minimum by way of calibration of the sensor elements. The average errors of these systems for specific gravity are 0.0153, 0.0247 and 0.0357, respectively. And the average errors of these systems for liquid level are 0.0120m, 0.0144m and 0.0273m, respectively.
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Delaney, Sven K. "Molecular regulation of fibre-specific gene expression in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)." 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/59206.
Full textAbstract:
Title page, table of contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University of Adelaide Library.Cotton fibre growth and development are regulated by the expression of several thousand genes in the fibre cell. These genes are often expressed in both cotton fibres and other plant tissues, although a proportion are 'fibre-specific' (expressed predominantly or exclusively in the fibre). Many fibre-specific genes have important functions in fibre development, and their expression is generally regulated at the level of transcription. However, the mechanisms that restrict gene expression to the cotton fibre have not been well characterised. An understanding of these mechanisms is central to a molecular model of fibre development, and may be important in the generation of improved cotton varieties with fibre-specific trans gene expression. The aim of this project was to identify the promoter sequences and transcription factors involved in regulating the fibre-specific expression of FSltp6, a gene encoding a cotton lipid transfer protein (LTP). The FSltp6 gene is abundantly and specifically transcribed in elongating cotton fibres. In this project, the fibre-specificity of the FSltp6 promoter was analysed using constructs containing the FSltp6 promoter sequence driving expression of the reporter gene -glucuronidase (GUS). Cotton fibres and other cotton tissues were transiently transformed with an FSltp6::GUS construct and analysed for GUS expression. The FSltp6 promoter restricted GUS expression primarily to the cotton fibre. Successive 5' deletions of the FSltp6 promoter were then used to isolate the regions necessary for fibre-specific expression. An 84 bp fibre-specificity region (FSR) was found to be essential for GUS expression exclusively in the cotton fibre, while a 49 bp region was necessary for expression in any of the tissues tested. The fibre-specificity of the FSltp6 promoter was also analysed by the stable transformation of tobacco with FSltp6::GUS. The transgenic tobacco plants demonstrated strong GUS expression in the leaf trichomes. This result provided further support for the fibre-specificity of the FSltp6 promoter and (in line with previous studies) suggested the utility of tobacco trichomes as a model for cotton fibre development. A yeast one-hybrid assay was used to identify transcription factors that may regulate fibre-specific expression by interacting with the FSR. This experiment identified three novel classes of cotton protein with potential roles in fibre specificity: HMGA-like proteins, Mutator transposase-like proteins and an AT -hook protein. The full-length cDNA of the AT -hook protein was isolated and analysed for its potential function as a transcription factor and regulator of fibre-specificity. This project has identified a promoter region and several novel transcription factors with a potential role in the regulation of fibre-specific gene expression. These results provide further insight into the molecular regulation of gene transcription in cotton fibres. Application of these results in the generation of transgenic cotton may produce varieties with enhanced gene expression in the cotton fibre.
http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1188821
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, 2005
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Howley, Sinéad. "Cloning and characterization of zebrafish Lengsin a lens-specific gene expressed in differentiating secondary fiber cells /." 2006. http://etd.nd.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-11302006-083849/.
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Chen, Xiang-Ling, and 陳湘玲. "Effect of psyllium husk fiber on risk factor of cardiovascular disease: anthropometric data and specific biomarkers." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79826617688162081703.
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碩士中山醫學大學
營養學研究所
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The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics had demonstrated the benefits of dietary fiber in health maintenance, disease prevention and as a component for medical nutrition. There are evidences showed that soluble fiber might reduce the risk factors predicting cardiovascular disease and beneficial in weight control. The greater the solubility of a dietary fiber will perform greater viscosity and show a good effect in lowering serum cholesterol. Psyllium husk contains about 70% soluble fiber. The purpose of this study is to observe the effect of psyllium husk on the risk factor of cardiovascular disease: the value of biomarkers and body weight. This is a parallel, single-blinded randomized controlled trial by adding high purity psyllium husk into the normal diet of the overweight people (BMI≥24) for twelve weeks. Seventeen subjects are categorized into psyllium group and 16 subjects into placebo group while 7 gram of psyllium or placebo was included in their daily diet. Intake of psyllium for 12 weeks resulted a significant decrease in calorie intake, body weight, BMI and waist length (P<0.05); a significant decline in the level of total serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Moreover, the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was elevated (P<0.05) and the ratio of TC/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C showed significant decrease (P<0.05). In conclusion, intake of 7 gram of psyllium husk will reduce the body weight, waist length and BMI and it help in controlling the level of serum cholesterol. In addition, the loss of body weight and good control of lipid profile can help in reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.
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Bachir, Vanessa. "The relationship between retinal nerve fiber layer, visual function and vision-specific quality of life in multiple sclerosis." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/23985.
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La sclérose en plaques est une maladie dégénérative qui peut affecter la vision ainsi que différentes structures du système visuel afférent. La partie de l'oeil plus souvent affectée par la sclérose en plaques est le nerf optique, sous forme de névrite optique. Une technologie, nommée TCO (tomographie par cohérence optique), permet de prendre une image du nerf optique et de ses fibres nerveuses qui s'étendent sur la rétine. Dans cette thèse, la TCO a permis d’obtenir une épaisseur des fibres nerveuses autour du nerf optique, ainsi qu’une épaisseur totale de la macula et de la couche de cellules ganglionnaires chez les patients atteints de sclérose en plaques, avec et sans histoire de nérite optique, et chez un groupe de patients contrôle. Les résultats démontrent que seule l’épaisseur de la couche de cellules ganglionnaires permet de différentier les patients avec sclérose en plaques sans histoire de névrite optique des patients contrôle. Une deuxième étude a évalué la qualité visuelle en mesurant la sensibilité aux contrastes ainsi que la qualité de vie reliée à la vision avec un questionnaire de qualité de vie. Les résultats démontrent qu’une nouvelle charte de sensibilité aux contrastes, plus facile à administrer en clinique, permet aussi de différentier les patients sans névrite optique du groupe contrôle. De plus, la qualité de vie des patients ayant eu un épisode de névrite optique semble significativement affectée, même si le pronostic est considéré très favorable et que l’acuité visuelle est « bonne » suite à une névrite optique. En conclusion, l’utilisation de l’OCT en plus de mesures sensibles de fonction visuelle, telle la sensibilité aux contrastes, et de qualité de vié peuvent contribuer à mieux détecter des dysfonctions oculo-visuelles subtiles, mais importantes chez les patients atteints de sclérose en plaques.Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common neurological condition causing disability in working-age adults. The hallmark of MS related disability is axonal loss. Through new technologies, such as optical coherence tomography (OCT), the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL), composed of ganglion cell axons, can be visualized and studied non-invasively in cross-section. Furthermore, recent OCT advances allow precise retinal layer segmentation and macular imaging of the ganglion cell layer. In this thesis, these different OCT parameters were measured to see which layers would be most affected in MS patients without previous optic neuritis. Results show that macular ganglion cell layer thickness is the only OCT parameter that can differentiate this sub-group of patients from healthy controls. Visual function was then assessed using a newly available, easy to use contrast sensitivity chart that can be self-administered by patients. Results show that this chart is also capable of differentiating MS patients without optic neuritis from controls, but usually gives better contrast sensitivity scores than the Mars chart. Lastly, vision-specific quality of life was assessed and proved to be reduced in MS patients with prior optic neuritis, despite supposed favorable recovery and good visual acuity in patients with this diagnosis. In sum, the use of OCT imaging, as well as sensitive visual function and quality of life measures, could help detect subtle, yet important structural or functional visual changes in patients with MS. This could ultimately help better screen, manage and counsel this subset of patients.
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Stanislav, Scott Michael. "A Field-Scale Assessment of Soil-Specific Seeding Rates to Optimize Yield Factors and Water Use in Cotton." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8201.
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Precision management of cotton production can increase profitability by decreasing inputs. The overall objective of this project is to improve cotton production by minimizing seeding rates while still maximizing yields and lint quality in water-limited soils. The research for this study was conducted at the Texas AgriLife Research IMPACT Center located in the Brazos River floodplain. In 2008 and 2009, 27 measurement locations were selected in production-sized center-pivot irrigated fields and planted in cotton variety Deltapine 164 roundup ready flex / bollgard II. Sites were selected based on soil apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) values, in a low, medium, and high ECa zones. Three seeding rates (74,100; 98,800; and 123,500 seeds ha-1) were established in each of the three ECa zones with three replications. In 2009, an additional seeding rate was added at 49,400 seeds ha-1. At each measurement location, soil texture, soil moisture (weekly), lint quantity and quality (High Volume Instrument) were measured. An additional replication for each ECa zone and seeding rate was selected for lint quantity and quality (HVI) measurements. Results indicated that cotton lint yield increased as ECa values, clay content, and water holding capacity of the soil increased. The seeding rates did not consistently affect cotton lint yield or quality. Seeding rates of 74,100 and 49,400 seeds ha-1 in a low and medium ECa zone for IMPACT-08 and -09 yielded more lint (300 kg ha-1), respectively. HVI lint quality parameters, such as, micronaire, fiber length, strength, uniformity, and elongation were significantly better in ECa zone 3.
While the seeding rates did not affect the amount of soil water used throughout the season, lint yield variations between ECa zones can be explained by the rate at which soil water was used. Lower rates at which soil water was used within ECa zone 3 resulted in higher lint yields when compared to ECa zones 1 and 2, which used soil water faster and at greater depths.
The findings suggest that irrigation applied to the low ECa zone was not sufficient to meet the plants demand, while in a high ECa zone, irrigation could have been reduced, resulting in cost savings through reduced inputs.
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Praveen, R. S. "Thermal Behaviour Of Mono-Fibre Composites And Hybrid Composites At Cryogenic Temperatures." Thesis, 2010. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/handle/2005/1910.
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Hybrid composites forms an important field of research in the area of composite science and engineering as it gives the advantage of avoiding complex lay-up designs and provides better tuning compatibility to get desired properties in comparison with their mono-fiber counterpart.
Further, utilization of composites for low temperature structures has been hindered by inconsistency of material property data and not much is reported on thermal characteristics of hybrid composites at cryogenic temperatures.
This research work is focused on development of carbon-glass epoxy hybrid composite and to study the thermal behavior of these materials in comparison to its mono-fiber counterparts especially at cryogenic temperatures. The objectives are classified into the following three parts:
Development of a hybrid composite with urethane modified epoxy matrix system (toughening agent used is Propyltrimethoxysilane (PTMO) and Toluene Di-Isocyanate (TDI) is added to get the polyurethane structure), for cryogenic applications.
Study and understand the limitations and complexities of the experimental methodologies involved in evaluating the thermal properties of these materials namely thermal conductivity, coefficient of thermal expansion and specific heat.
Finally to look into the appropriate theoretical calculations and experimental results to understand the variations, if any, for these materials.
Specifically the following contributions are reported in this thesis:
Evaluated the modified matrix system for its physical and mechanical properties at 20K. Specimens were prepared with D638 ASTM standard, modified to suit pin loading configuration in the cryostat/Instron machine.
After assessing the suitability of the matrix system, mono fibre composites of different types were made and evaluated their thermal properties viz, coefficient of thermal expansion, thermal conductivity and specific heat down to 20K.
Based on the results of the above, a hybrid composite configuration was evolved which exhibits optimal thermal characteristics at low temperatures and its characterization for various thermal properties at cryogenic temperatures was carried out.
Comparisons of the experimental results were made with macro-mechanical model and micro-mechanical model (rule of mixtures) of composite materials.
The present work throws light to the fact that hybrid polymer matrix composites can very well be considered for cryogenic applications where the combination or trade off between properties like strength to conductivity ratio, modulus to conductivity ratio and low cost is to be made. The mechanical properties of hybrid composites also need to be studied to complement the study on thermal properties reported in this thesis. It is essential to have a complete understanding of behaviour of these materials at cryogenic temperatures with respect to both thermal and mechanical properties as it is evident from the available literature that the emerging demands are multi-disciplinary in nature.
The present research work is aimed at highlighting the use of hybrid composites to achieve the desirable thermal properties and thereby inviting the attention of scientists and engineers who are engaged in the design of cost effective structures and appliances for cryogenic environments to focus on further research to develop