Journal articles on the topic 'Specie ornamentali'
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1
Minuto, Luigi, and Gaudenzio Paola. "Annotazioni Su Alcune Rare Specie Ornamentali in Tre Note Localita' Turistiche Della Liguria." Giornale botanico italiano 128, no. 1 (January 1994): 379. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11263509409437199.
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Paola, Gaudenzio, and Luigi Minuto. "Indagine Floristica Sulle Specie Ornamentali Nel Verde Pubblico Della Fascia Costiera Franco Ligure." Giornale botanico italiano 128, no. 1 (January 1994): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11263509409437201.
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Zappalà, Lucia. "L'impatto di insetti esotici invasivi negli agro-ecosistemi." Bullettin of the Gioenia Academy of Natural Sciences of Catania 52, no. 382/SFE (December 22, 2019): DECA29—DECA36. http://dx.doi.org/10.35352/gioenia.v52i382/sfe.83.
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Le introduzioni accidentali di insetti esotici nei sistemi agricoli e forestali, nonché sulle piante ornamentali anche in ambito urbano, sono aumentate in maniera rilevante in tutto il mondo negli ultimi tre decenni, spesso con gravi conseguenze economiche e ambientali nelle aree recentemente invase. Verranno qui presentati alcuni aspetti di fitofagi di recente o recentissima introduzione in Sicilia. In particolare, saranno prese in esame le strategie di controllo sostenibile di Drosophila suzukii (Moscerino dei piccoli frutti), specie polifaga che attacca frutti a buccia sottile, e l’ancora più polifaga Halyomorpha halys (Cimice asiatica).
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YU, Shujun. "INVESTIGATION OF NATIVE ORNAMENTAL RESOURCES IN MOUNT HUANGSHAN (EASTERN CHINA)." HortScience 27, no. 6 (June 1992): 681b—681. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.681b.
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The author investigated, recorded, observed and analyzed the major wildflowers in Mount Huangshan---the natural and cultural heritages listed by the ESC0 of UN for the first time. On the basis of their desirable characteristics, more than 300 wild ornamental species are divided into 8 categories -–-historical old trees, rare and endangered species, evergreen ornamentals, blooming trees and shrubs, plants with colored foliage and fruit in fall, vines, herbaceous ornamentals and ground covers, and ornamental ferns. Mount Huangshan is one of the richest regions of native ornamentals in Eastern China and the most famous natural beauty in Pan-China. There are about 1500 wild landscape plants in and around it. Finally the paper puts forth some proposals and methods for introduction and utilization of wild ornamental plants. That is, investigation, classification,acclimatization and cultivation of them, and building a sort-out botanical garden for the germplasmic preservation and the flourishing landscape tourism.
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Groover, Elizabeth M., Matt DiMaggio, and Eric J. Cassiano. "Overview of Commonly Cultured Marine Ornamental Fish." EDIS 2020, no. 3 (May 29, 2020): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-fa224-2020.
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The production of freshwater ornamental fish dominates the ornamental aquaculture industry, yet the small marine ornamentals sector has grown substantially in recent years. This 7-page fact sheet written by Elizabeth M. Groover, Matthew A. DiMaggio, and Eric J. Cassiano and published by the UF/IFAS Program in Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, School of Forest Resources and Conservation briefly reviews the more common groups of marine ornamental fishes cultured in the United States. As we learn more about marine ornamentals and as aquaculture protocols for marine ornamentals develop and improve, it is possible that more species may become economically feasible to produce and more cultured marine fish may begin to supplement wild-caught stocks in the marine aquarium trade.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fa224
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Kumar, T. T. Ajith, and Kuldeep K. Lal. "Management strategies to regulate the introduction of exotic ornamental fish, the silent invaders of freshwater ecosystems in India." Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management 24, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14321/aehm.024.02.14.
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Abstract Ornamental fish culture and aquarium keeping have become a booming sector worldwide. It has been observed that a number of stakeholders are involved in introducing exotic ornamentals in India as well, as the takers are interested on variants and new species. Most of the exotic ornamental fishes are also being domesticated in India, since the demand is readily fulfilled through adequate supply to the hobbyists. This sector provides livelihood option to many people and helps to earn millions of dollars to our country every year, however, the invasion of exotic ornamentals in our natural water bodies needs to be assessed, monitored and controlled with due attention as it is a staid menace to our biodiversity. Around 400 species / variants of exotic freshwater ornamentals and around 100 exotic marine ornamental species including invertebrates are found to have introduced in the trade. It is significant to note that an apparent violation in the trade is taking place by concealing the Government of India approval, which is given only for 92 species / variants of fishes for import. Further, as some of the freshwater ornamental fishes currently available in the aquarium trade have invaded through natural water bodies, their impacts need to be studied in detail. To deal with the situation, the proper precautionary approach should be implemented by adopting measures after having proper quarantine, meticulous risk analysis and strategic prevention methods as well. Combined efforts of industry stakeholders with different government agencies, academic and research institutions is required and a suitable protocol has to be formulated for permissible import, sustainable production, supply and management.
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Milosevic, Snezana, Aleksandar Cingel, and Angelina Subotic. "Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of ornamental species: A review." Genetika 47, no. 3 (2015): 1149–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr1503149m.
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Integration of desirable traits into commercial ornamentals using genetic engineering techniques is a powerful tool in contemporary biotechnology. However, these techniques have had a limited impact in the domain of ornamental horticulture, particularly floriculture. Modifications of the color, architecture or fragrance of the flowers as well as an improvement of the plant tolerance/resistance against abiotic and biotic stresses using plant transformation techniques, is still in its infancy. This review focuses on the application of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, a major plant genetic engineering approach to ornamental plant breeding and the impact it has had to date.
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Beeson, R. C. "Scheduling Woody Plants for Production and Harvest." HortTechnology 1, no. 1 (October 1991): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.1.1.30.
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Growth characteristics and marketing of woody ornamentals prevent crop scheduling common in floriculture crops. However, many tasks in the production of woody ornamentals require coordination with the season and/or physiological state of the species. Since most woody ornamental nurseries produce many species or cultivars, a variety of tasks occur concurrently. This review highlights the major tasks required during production for most species of woody plants. The physiological and environmental factors that dictate or influence scheduling are discussed.
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Anjaneyulu, Paradesi, and Boyina Rao. "Potential wild ornamental flowering plants of Andhra Pradesh, India." Indian Journal of Forestry 43, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 328–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2021-rvt0d2.
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A total of 258 angiosperm taxa representing 75 families were evaluated as potential wild ornamentals in Andhra Pradesh, out of the total 845 wild ornamental taxa recorded from a five-year field study. The largest family is Fabaceae with 23 species and the largest genus is Ficus with nine species. Present paper deals with the critical analysis and systematic enumeration of all the 258 taxa in a tabulated form with their botanical names, habitat, habit form, ornamental category, longevity, district-wise distribution and voucher specimens.
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Saha, Subhrajit K., Laurie E. Trenholm, and J. Bryan Unruh. "Effect of Fertilizer Source on Nitrate Leaching and St. Augustinegrass Turfgrass Quality." HortScience 42, no. 6 (October 2007): 1478–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.42.6.1478.
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As a result of the coexistence of turfgrass and ornamentals in traditional landscapes, it is often impractical to separate fertilization and irrigation management among species. Furthermore, limited information is available on effects of turfgrass fertilizer on ornamental plants and vice versa. This research studied effects of two quick-release fertilizers (QRF) and one slow-release fertilizer (SRF) on quality and growth of turfgrass and ornamental plants and nutrient leaching. ‘Floratam’ St. Augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum Walt. Kuntze) was compared with a mix of common Florida ornamentals, including canna (Canna generalis L.H. Bailey), nandina (Nandina domestica Thunb.), ligustrum (Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.), and allamanda (Allamanda cathartica L.). All plants were grown in 300-L plastic pots in Arredondo fine sand. Less nitrate (NO3 −) was leached from turfgrass than from ornamentals and more NO3 − leached from QRF 16N–1.7P–6.6K than from SRF 8N–1.7P–9.9K. Quick-release fertilizers produced higher plant quality. This controlled environment research provides preliminary data on which in situ research may be modeled. Further research is required to verify how nutrient release rate affects turfgrass and ornamental quality and nitrate leaching in an urban landscape.
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Lee, Sang Deok, Soon Jae Kim, Seung Il Jung, Ki-Cheol Son, and Stanley J. Kays. "Diurnal CO2 Assimilation Patterns in Nine Species of CAM-Type Succulent Plants." HortScience 41, no. 6 (October 2006): 1373–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.6.1373.
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CO2 assimilation rate of Crassula hybrid `Himaturi', a succulent ornamental species with the crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) photosynthetic pathway, was affected by light intensity (50, 100, 300 μmol·m–2·s–1), photoperiod (16/8, 8/16 h day/night), and temperature (30/25, 25/20 °C day/night). Maximum assimilation of CO2 occurred at 300 μmol·m–2·s–1 of diurnal irradiance, 16/8 h day/night photoperiod, and a day/night temperature of 30/25 °C. Diurnal CO2 assimilation patterns of nine succulent ornamental CAM species were evaluated (300 μmol·m–2 s–1, 35/25 °C day/night and a 16/8-h day/night photoperiod) for CO2 fixation. Of the nine ornamentals, Crassula `Himaturi' had the highest and Echeveria derembergii the lowest maximum CO2 absorption rate (13.0 vs 2.4 μmol kg–1·s–1), total nighttime (179.3 vs 13.4 mmol·kg–1), and 24 h total (200.6 vs 19.0 mmol·kg–1) absorption. Based on the CO2 assimilation patterns, the nine ornamentals were separated into two groups: 1) full CAM (Faucaria tigrina, Gasteria gracilis var. minima, Haworthia cymbiformis, and Haworthia fasciata); and 2) weakly CAM (Adromischus clarifolius, Crassula hybrids `Moonglow' and `Himaturi', E. derembergii, and Haworthia retusa).
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Sousa, Renata Paschoal da Silva, Wendelo Silva Costa, Paula e. Silva Matos, Andréa Siqueira Carvalho, Frederico Drumond Martins, and Kátia Ribeiro Torres. "Ornamental potential of species from the ferruginous Campo rupestre of the Carajás National Forest, Brazilian Amazon." Comunicata Scientiae 12 (December 29, 2020): e3260. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/cs.v12.3260.
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The flora of the ferruginous Campo rupestre that occur over the immense iron deposits of the Carajás National Forest is very unique, with several endemic and rare species. This vegetation is directly affected by mining activity, as a result of vegetation suppression and the profound disfigurement of habitats. The objective of this work was to identify the ornamental potential of the flora of the ferruginous Campo rupestre, as a strategy for ex situ conservation of ecosystem species. The species present in ten plots of 5 x 5 m were surveyed in different areas of the ferruginous Campo rupestre on the N1 plateau and the ornamental potential of each species was evaluated following a characterization key, considering morphology and habitat of occurrence. Subsequently, the species were compared with those already present on the market, as ornamental, based on the literature and on sites specialized in the sale of ornamental plants in Brazil. A total of 33 species with ornamental potential were found, distributed in 32 genera and 19 families. Most species showed high functionality for ornamentation and similarity with nationally consolidated ornamentals. Catasetum planiceps, Cyrtopodium andersonii, Epidendrum nocturnum, Mandevilla scabra, Norantea guianensis and Sobralia liliastrum have a consolidated ornamental market. The data collected support ex situ conservation strategies of the flora of the ferruginous Campo rupestre, such as its valorization, local commercialization and income generation for small extractivists in the region.
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Hubbard, Joanna, and Ted Whitwell. "TOLERANCE OF ORNAMENTAL GRASSES TO POSTEMERGENCE GRASS HERBICIDES." HortScience 25, no. 9 (September 1990): 1104G—1104. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1104.
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Ornamental grasses are popular landscape plants and often encounter turf encroachment or other grass weed problems. Several postemergence grass herbicides are available for use in turf and ornamentals and herbicide tolerance information is needed for ornamental grass species. Fifteen ornamental grasses including species from the genera Calamagrostis, Cortaderia, Eragrostis, Erianthus, Miscanthus, Sorghastrum, Spartina, Panicum and Pennisetum were field planted in Clemson, SC in May 1989 and Festuca species in November, 1989. Herbicide treatments were fenoxaprop-ethyl, fluazifop-P and sethoxydim at 0.4 kg a.i.·ha-1 applied 4 weeks after planting and an untreated control. Height and injury evaluations were taken at weekly intervals and plants were harvested 10 weeks after treatment. Fenoxaprop-ethyl treated Calamagrostis and Festuca species treated with all herbicides were the only treatments that were the same as untreated controls in terms of % injury, height and dry weight. Three ornamental Calamagrostis species were evaluated in a greenhouse study to determine the level of tolerance to fenoxaprop-ethyl at 0.4, 0.8, 1.6 and 3.2 kg a.i.·ha-1. No visual injury symptoms were seen on any treatments as compared to untreated controls but growth rates of the youngest leaves did vary among species shortly after treatment.
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Hubbard, Joanna, and Ted Whitwell. "TOLERANCE OF ORNAMENTAL GRASSES TO POSTEMERGENCE GRASS HERBICIDES." HortScience 25, no. 9 (September 1990): 1104g—1104. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1104g.
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Ornamental grasses are popular landscape plants and often encounter turf encroachment or other grass weed problems. Several postemergence grass herbicides are available for use in turf and ornamentals and herbicide tolerance information is needed for ornamental grass species. Fifteen ornamental grasses including species from the genera Calamagrostis, Cortaderia, Eragrostis, Erianthus, Miscanthus, Sorghastrum, Spartina, Panicum and Pennisetum were field planted in Clemson, SC in May 1989 and Festuca species in November, 1989. Herbicide treatments were fenoxaprop-ethyl, fluazifop-P and sethoxydim at 0.4 kg a.i.·ha-1 applied 4 weeks after planting and an untreated control. Height and injury evaluations were taken at weekly intervals and plants were harvested 10 weeks after treatment. Fenoxaprop-ethyl treated Calamagrostis and Festuca species treated with all herbicides were the only treatments that were the same as untreated controls in terms of % injury, height and dry weight. Three ornamental Calamagrostis species were evaluated in a greenhouse study to determine the level of tolerance to fenoxaprop-ethyl at 0.4, 0.8, 1.6 and 3.2 kg a.i.·ha-1. No visual injury symptoms were seen on any treatments as compared to untreated controls but growth rates of the youngest leaves did vary among species shortly after treatment.
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Babkova, A. S. "BUILDING UP THE COLLECTION HOLDINGS OF PERENNIAL ORNAMENTAL PLANTS FROM THE FAMILY ROSACEAE AT THE POLAR EXPERIMENT STATION OF VIR." VAVILOVIA 2, no. 1 (August 8, 2019): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.30901/2658-3860-2019-1-57-62.
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The article discusses the prospects of building up a collection of ornamental plants belonging to the rose family (Rosaceae Juss.) from local cultivated and wild plant forms in order to expand the zonal assortment of ornamentals for urban landscape gardening in Murmansk Province. Since 2017, the Polar Experiment Station of the Vavilov Institute (VIR) has been engaged in systematic research activities aimed at introduction of ornamental perennial ornamental herbs and shrubs. A promising collection stock has been formed of ornamental plants, currently totaling 198 accessions (160 species) from 40 plant families, including 132 accessions of perennial herbaceous plants (77 genera), 58 of ornamental shrubs (10 genera), and 8 of woody plants (4 genera). Representatives of the family Rosaceae make up 25% of the total number of accessions. The Polar Experiment Station maintains wild and cultivated perennial plants of the genera Geum L., Filipendula L., Potentilla L., Sanguisorba L., Alchimilla L., Dryas L., Spiraea L., Rosa L., Sorbus L., Dasifora Rafin., etc., having ornamental qualities, characterized by high winter hardiness, and not requiring high expenditures for their maintenance. Further expansion of the Rosaceae collection is going to be based on the introduction of ornamentals from the rose family identified in the local vegetation of the Kola Peninsula as well as through the acquisition of accessions from botanical gardens and nurseries located in the areas with climate conditions close to those of the Polar Experiment Station of VIR.
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Orosz, Szilvia, Dávid Éliás, Emese Balog, and Ferenc Tóth. "Investigation of thysanoptera populations in Hungarian greenhouses." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Agriculture and Environment 9, no. 1 (December 1, 2017): 140–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ausae-2017-0013.
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Abstract Studies were performed on sweet pepper and on weeds in their surroundings from 2005 to 2007 in the Jászság region, on different vegetables and ornamentals from 2015 to 2016 throughout Hungary, and on some indoor ornamental plants in Budapest and Kecskemét in 2017. These studies were carried out in greenhouses. The main objectives of this work was to clarify the consistency of Thysanoptera populations in these greenhouses and, secondly, as part of the official monitoring of Thrips palmi Karny and Thrips setosus Moulton, the study also focused on the first appearance of these pests in Hungary. An important additional aim was to determine which reservoirs were significant in the risk of Thysanoptera species transmitting tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). Regarding the surveys conducted, the most frequent Thysanoptera species present in large numbers during the investigation period in every greenhouse was Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande. Also, a significant amount of Echinothrips americanus Morgan was found on ornamentals in southern Hungary, whereas on indoor ornamental plants only Hercinothrips femoralis O. M. Reuter was found.
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Erickson, E., S. Adam, L. Russo, V. Wojcik, H. M. Patch, and C. M. Grozinger. "More Than Meets the Eye? The Role of Annual Ornamental Flowers in Supporting Pollinators." Environmental Entomology 49, no. 1 (November 22, 2019): 178–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvz133.
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Abstract Ornamental flowers are commonly planted in urban and suburban areas to provide foraging resources for pollinator populations. However, their role in supporting broad pollinator biodiversity is not well established as previous studies have been conducted in urban landscapes with pollinator communities that are distinct from those in natural systems. We observed pollinator visitation patterns to five ornamental annual plant genera and their cultivars over multiple years at two semi-natural sites in Pennsylvania to understand their potential for supporting diverse pollinator communities. There was significant variation in visitor abundance and diversity by season and year for many annual ornamental cultivars. Within some genera, cultivars had similar visitor abundance, diversity, and main visitor taxa, while cultivars in other genera varied greatly in these measures. We observed only polylectic (pollen generalist) bee species visiting annual ornamentals, despite the presence of oligolectic (pollen specialist) bee species in the background population. We conclude that the attractiveness of annual ornamental plants likely depends on both cultivar characteristics and environmental context. While their role in supporting complex pollinator populations is limited both based on the number of and dietary breadth of the species they support, ornamental plants may nonetheless provide long-lasting supplemental foraging resources for the generalist pollinator communities characteristic of urban and suburban environments.
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Prameela, R., M. Venkaiah, J. Swamy, and J. Prakasarao. "Amaryllids of Andhra Pradesh, India." Tropical Plant Research 7, no. 3 (December 31, 2020): 594–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.22271/tpr.2020.v7.i3.073.
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Amaryllidaceae plants are collectively called as Amaryllids, majority are ornamentals, beyond beauty they also boon for perfume, vegetables and medicine. They are playing a key role in horticulture as ornamental plants, used for decoration in all kinds of ceremonies and florists often used in bouquets. The present paper deals with 19 species belonging to 10 genera and key to the species, brief description, Flowering and fruiting period, locality, economic importance, photographs etc. were provided.
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S, Jamuna, Subhasree R, Karthika K, Paulsamy S, and Thenmozhi K. "SPECIES DIVERSITY, UTILIZATION AND CONSERVATION IN HOME GARDENS OF SOME RESIDENTIAL AREAS, COIMBATORE, INDIA." Kongunadu Research Journal 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2015): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/krj71.
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The present study was aimed at documenting species composition, utilization and conservation of plant species growing in home gardens of 10 residential areas of Coimbatore city, India. Household interviews and home garden surveys revealed that all the 109 plant species included in 60 families included have someeconomic uses or with ornamental significance. Higher number of species was herbs followed by shrubs, trees, climbers, succulent herbs, vines and sub-shrubs. The families viz., Asteraceae, Apocynaceae and Acanthaceae contributed higher number of plant species than the other families to the home gardens. Thespecies namely, Celosia cristata, Chrysanthemum odoratum and Ocimum basilicum have registered 50% frequency among the home gardens sampled which indicates that these species have distributed and maintained in comparatively higher number of home gardens. The home garden species are mainly under thecategories of vegetables, fruits, ornamentals, economic important species and medicinal. These results further report revealed that homegardens satisfy various household needs like food, ornamentals, medicines, building material, religious and ceremonial uses.
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Donahoo, Ryan S., and Kurt H. Lamour. "Characterization of Phytophthora Species from Leaves of Nursery Woody Ornamentals in Tennessee." HortScience 43, no. 6 (October 2008): 1833–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.43.6.1833.
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Species of Phytophthora are ubiquitous in ornamental production resulting in significant crop losses. In Tennessee, national surveys for the sudden oak death pathogen Phytophthora ramorum in 2004 and 2005 led to the isolation of Phytophthora species causing disease in nursery-grown or handled woody ornamentals or both. Isolates recovered were identified to species using direct sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer and examination of morphological characters. Six known species (P. cactorum, P. citricola, P. citrophthora, P. nicotianae, P. palmivora, P. tropicalis) and one newly described species (P. foliorum) were recovered from ericaceous hosts. The most common species recovered were P. citricola and P. citrophthora. Genetic analysis using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers revealed intraspecific genotypic diversity as well as isolates with identical AFLP genotypes from multiple locations across multiple years. This work provides evidence for species and genotypic diversity of Phytophthora recovered in Tennessee as well as insight into the movement of individual genotypes in woody ornamental production.
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Akmal, Surya G., Brigitta P. D. Zámečníková-Wanma, Romanus E. Prabowo, Aulia M. Khatami, Jindřich Novák, Miloslav Petrtýl, Lukáš Kalous, and Jiří Patoka. "Marine ornamental trade in Indonesia." Aquatic Living Resources 33 (2020): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/alr/2020026.
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Trade with marine species as ornamentals is an important sector of the international pet trade. The vast majority of these species are collected from the wild and one of the top supplying countries is Indonesia. Detailed evidence on trade with marine resources in Indonesia is lacking or it is hardly accessible. Moreover, the exploitation of ornamental species seems to be mostly uncontrolled. This study presents detailed characteristics of such trade for Indonesia, including the offered species, their sizes, prices, and conservation status, based on data and information obtained from wholesalers in 2018. The main provinces of marine wildlife collecting are also identified. In total, 777 marine vertebrate and invertebrate species were traded, belonging to 174 families including two species classified as endangered: Banggai cardinal fish (Pterapogon kauderni) and zebra shark (Stegostoma fasciatum). Commonly traded was red lionfish (Pterois volitans), known to be a successful invader. The volume of ornamental marine fish exported from Indonesia in period 2015–2019 was 3 353 983 kgs sold for 33 123 218 USD. The province of Bali was identified as the main exporter of ornamental marine fish within Indonesia. These findings should help to establish sustainable exploitation of marine resources in relation to conservation and wildlife management.
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Teixeira Da Silva, Jaime A. "A Review of the in Vitro Propagation of Bauhinia Spp." Journal of Horticultural Research 21, no. 1 (June 1, 2013): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/johr-2013-0006.
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Abstract Bauhinia species (including B. acuminata, B. variegata, B. purpurea, B. monandra, B. galpinii, B. blakeana and B. acuminata) are popular ornamental plants, usually woody ornamentals or herbaceous lianas, with attractive flowers typical of the Leguminosae of arid, temperate, sub-tropical and tropical zones. Bauhinia species also serve as fodder and many have multiple medicinal and biological properties. There is an interest in commerce and amongst collectors to clonally propagate species from this genus. This review highlights protocols that currently exist for the in vitro culture of Bauhinia species as a means to clonally propagate material.
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Kitajima, Elliot Watanabe, José Carlos Verle Rodrigues, and Juliana Freitas-Astua. "An annotated list of ornamentals naturally found infected by Brevipalpus mite-transmitted viruses." Scientia Agricola 67, no. 3 (2010): 348–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162010000300014.
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The first cases of ornamental plants found infected by Brevipalpus transmitted viruses (BTV) were described in the 1990's from the region of Piracicaba, State of São Paulo, Brazil; subsequent cases were from other regions in the country and other American countries. Currently, 37 ornamental plant species (for the sake of simplicity, orchids being considered as a single species), belonging to 18 families of dicotyledons, have been reported hosting BTV. Because of the non systemic type of infection of these viruses, the localized diseases they cause are unimportant usually, but they have the potential to cause economic losses if severe outbreaks of Brevipalpus mite populations occur. Some ornamentals may serve as reservoirs to BTV known to cause serious damage to food crops as Citrus leprosis virus- cytoplasmic type (CiLV-C), passion fruit green spot virus (PFGSV) and Coffee ringspot virus (CoRSV).
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Matić, Slavica, Giulia Tabone, Angelo Garibaldi, and Maria Lodovica Gullino. "Alternaria Leaf Spot Caused by Alternaria Species: An Emerging Problem on Ornamental Plants in Italy." Plant Disease 104, no. 8 (August 2020): 2275–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-02-20-0399-re.
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Serious outbreaks of Alternaria leaf spot and plant decay have recently been recorded on several ornamental plants in the Biella Province (Northern Italy). Twenty-two fungal isolates were obtained from Alternaria infected plant tissues from 13 ornamental hosts. All the isolates were identified morphologically as small-spored Alternaria species. Multilocus sequence typing, carried out by means of ITS, rpb2, tef1, endoPG, Alt a 1, and OPA10-2, assigned 19 isolates as Alternaria alternata, two isolates as belonging to the Alternaria arborescens species complex, and one isolate as an unknown Alternaria sp. Haplotype analyses of ornamental and reference A. alternata isolates from 12 countries identified 14 OPA10-2 and 11 endoPG haplotypes showing a relatively high haplotype diversity. A lack of host specialization or geographic distribution was observed. The host range of the studied A. alternata isolates expanded in cross-pathogenicity assays, and more aggressiveness was frequently observed on the experimental plants than on the host plants from which the fungal isolates were originally isolated. High disease severity, population expansion, intraspecies diversity, and increased range of experimental hosts were seen in the emergence of Alternaria disease on ornamentals. More epidemiological and molecular studies should be performed to better understand these diseases, taking into consideration factors such as seed transmission and ongoing climate changes.
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Stommel, John R., and Robert J. Griesbach. "072 New Pepper Germplasm for Ornamental and Ornamental/Culinary Applications." HortScience 35, no. 3 (June 2000): 401A—401. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.3.401a.
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Ornamental peppers are a novel and growing segment of the ornamentals industry. Currently available varieties are utilized as pot plants and in bedding plant applications. Utilizing unimproved populations developed from initial crosses with Indian Capsicum land races, germplasm lines with unique gene combinations for multiple fruiting, fruit orientation, leaf pigmentation and leaf variegation were developed and released by USDA-ARS. Via introgression of diverse Capsicum species accessions and heirloom varieties into these populations, more recent efforts seek to exploit abundant genetic variation for fruit shape, size, color and pungency, foliar attributes, and plant growth habit to develop new pepper germplasm for ornamental and dual ornamental/culinary applications. Fruit pungency of selected material may range from mild to extremely pungent. Fruit shape may be round, conical, or lobed. Whereas small fruit size is generally well suited for ornamental applications, ornamental/culinary types exploit larger upright conical or small bell-shaped fruit. Plant foliage may be uniformly green in color, exhibit varying degrees of anthocyanin accumulation, or display variegation. Inheritance of selected attributes, potential barriers to development of select recombinants, and examples of representative advanced selections in the breeding program will be presented.
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Leonhardt, Kenneth W. "Polyploidy as a Management Strategy for Invasive Species." HortTechnology 29, no. 5 (October 2019): 554–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech04324-19.
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Most invasive species are prolific seed-producing landscape ornamental plants that have been introduced to non-native habitats with limited or no natural controls on their reproduction and spread. Techniques for converting prolific seed-producing landscape ornamentals into sterile or nearly sterile forms are available. Oryzalin and colchicine have been used to double chromosomes, resulting in autotetraploids with reduced fertility and potential parent plants of sterile triploids. Guard cell measurements and flow cytometry have been used to determine ploidy conversion and identify polyploids. Complete sterility has been achieved in three species of shower trees (Cassia sp.), and up to a 95% reduction in seed production has been achieved in royal poinciana (Delonix regia) and african tulip tree (Spathodea campanulata). Monkey pod (Albizia saman) crosses have produced triploid progeny to evaluate for sterility.
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Mascarenhas, André Luiz Santos, Silvia Marisa Jesien Pinent, and Juvenal Cordeiro Silva Junior. "Tisanopterofauna Associada à Plantas Ornamentais e Cultivadas no Sudoeste Baiano." EntomoBrasilis 9, no. 1 (April 29, 2016): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.12741/ebrasilis.v9i1.536.
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Resumo: Os tripes são insetos diminutos pertencentes à ordem Thysanoptera, sendo em sua maioria fitófagos. Poucos são os estudos sobre a fauna de tripes no Brasil, especialmente no nordeste do Brasil. Assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo realizar um inventário da tisanopterofauna associada à plantas ornamentais e cultivadas da região Sudoeste da Bahia. Os insetos foram coletados em ramos e flores de diversas espécies vegetais entre janeiro de 2006 e janeiro de 2007. Em laboratório, os tripes foram triados, montados em lâminas de microscopia e identificados. Doze espécies de tripes pertencentes a seis gêneros e duas famílias foram obtidos, sendo três novos registros para a Bahia. Foram identificadas 28 espécies de plantas hospedeiras pertencentes a 16 famílias. Os resultados obtidos nesse trabalho indicam uma rica tisanopterofauna.Thysanopterofauna Associated with Ornamental and Crop Plants in Southwest BahiaAbstract: Thrips are tiny insects belonging to the order Thysanoptera, being mostly phytophagous. There are few studies on the thrips fauna in Brazil, especially in northeastern Brazil. This work aims to conduct an inventory of Thysanopterofauna associated with ornamentals and crops of Bahia Southwest region. The insects were collected in branches and flowers of several plant species between January 2006 and January 2007. In the laboratory, the thrips were screened, mounted on microscope slides and identified. Twelve thrips species belonging to six genera and two families were obtained, and three new records for Bahia. 28 species of host plants belonging to 16 families were identified. The results of this study indicate a rich Thysanopterofauna.
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Czarnota, M. A. "Tolerance of Three Juniper Species to Glyphosate." HortTechnology 18, no. 2 (January 2008): 239–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.18.2.239.
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Glyphosate traditionally has been used by growers and landscapers as a nonselective herbicide; however, selective uses do exist. The use of glyphosate to control weeds in dormant and actively growing bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) is an example of selective weed control. Several ornamentals, including conifer species, have been known to exhibit good tolerance to over-the-top applications of glyphosate. Unfortunately, little published information exists on rates of glyphosate that may be used on specific ornamental species. The objective of this research was to determine the tolerance levels of three juniper species [‘Blue Pacific’ shore juniper (Juniperus conferta), ‘Blue Star’ juniper (Juniperus squamata), and ‘Parsoni’ juniper (Juniperus davurica)] to various rates of glyphosate. Research conducted in 2004 and 2005 indicated that injury to three juniper species did not exceed 23% with glyphosate rates up to 2.5 lb/acre.
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Marble, Chris, Shawn Steed, and Nathan S. Boyd. "Biology and Management of Hairy Bittercress (Cardamine hirsuta) in Ornamental Crop Production." EDIS 2015, no. 1 (February 3, 2015): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-ep511-2014.
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Bittercress commonly grows in the potting media of container-grown ornamentals and often through drainage holes in nursery containers. It also can be a problem in propagation houses, greenhouses, and in the field. This 6-page fact sheet provides species description, plant biology, and management recommendations. Written by Chris Marble, Shawn Steed, and Nathan S. Boyd, and published by the UF Department of Environmental Horticulture, December 2014. ENH1250/EP511: Biology and Management of Hairy Bittercress (Cardamine hirsuta) in Ornamental Crop Production (ufl.edu)
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Kutlvašr, Josef, Adam Baroš, Petr Pyšek, and Jan Pergl. "Changes in assemblages of native and alien plants in perennial plantations: prairie species stabilize the community composition." NeoBiota 63 (November 13, 2020): 39–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.63.51109.
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Ornamental plantations are characteristic of a wide range of man-made habitats such as gardens, parks or urban spaces. Nowadays, low-maintenance perennial beds are becoming popular in horticulture and urban planning. Due to low levels of management and good records of initial plantation, perennial beds are suitable for studying vegetation processes such as competition amongst garden ornamentals and succession. We studied perennial flowerbeds in the Czech Republic that had a known initial composition at the time of establishment in 2006–2010 and we compared this with their state in 2016. We aimed to assess (i) how planted ornamental assemblages changed during 10 years of succession, and (ii) whether initial assemblage composition determined the pattern of change. We observed a decrease in biodiversity from initial plantation to the recent state across all flowerbeds in the experimental garden. In terms of diversity and stability, species-rich assemblages, mostly composed of taxa native to prairies, were the most stable. The most successful taxa (i.e. reaching high abundances with good persistence) originated from North American and Mediterranean regions.
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Bozsik, András. "Host plant preference of Metcalfa pruinosa (Say, 1830) (Hemiptera: Flatidae) in the north of Hungary." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 66 (June 2, 2015): 84–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/66/1897.
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Citrus flatid planthopper, a native insect to North America had for a long time a scarce economic importance there. However, being polyphagous made little damage on citrus trees and some ornamentals. In 1979 it was introduced to Italy where it established and spread quickly. It is now an invasive alien species continually spreading in South and Central Europe causing considerable damage in fruit crops and various ornamentals. Present study shows the results of a series of observations carried out from 2011 to 2015 at a number of habitats in north of Hungary. The pest could be found at each habitat but the hedge, the tree row, the gardens and the orchard/vineyard were the most infested. Frequency and population density of Metcalfa pruinosa were considerable on Asteraceae, Cannabaceae, Fabaceae, Juglandaceae, Lamiaceae, Rosaceae and Sapindaceae. Typical vegetation could be functionally classified as ornamental plants, trees/shrubs, fruit plants, weeds and feral plants. Feral plants – some of them also invasive alien species – were found at each habitat. Plant species native to America were among them the most populated. As the hedgerows were neglected, and most gardens, orchards and vineyards abandoned, these are excellent conditions for the quick and long-lasting establishment of the pest as well as they may be reservoirs to infest cultivated fruit crops and ornamentals. The hedgerow was situated along a railway line. The length of similar hedges can be merely in Pest county several hundred km, which means M. pruinosa has plenty of opportunity for spreading along the railway and infest agricultural and ornamental cultures. On the surveyed alfalfa and maize fields, accidentally very few nymphs and adults were observed. Although, the population density of M. pruinosa was considerable on many hostplants, economic damage or yield losses could not be detected. Economic or significant damage was observed only on roses, raspberries and stinging nettle. This later is cultivated in Germany and Finland. The applied horticultural oil was efficient.
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Seburanga, Jean Leonard. "Purpose of Introduction as a Predictor of Invasiveness among Introduced Shrubs in Rwanda." Journal of Botany 2015 (January 28, 2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/167186.
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The introduced shrub flora in Rwanda was analyzed and the risk of invasion was assessed based on the species’ purposes of introduction. The results showed that more than half of invasive alien shrubs in Rwanda were introduced as ornamentals. They include Agave americana L., Bryophyllum proliferum Bowie ex Hook., Caesalpinia decapetala (Roth) Alston, Lantana camara L., and Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsley) A. Gray. However, these represented only 3.16% of the total number of introduced ornamental shrubs. At the time when the study was conducted, no introduced food crop had become invasive. Species introduced for purposes other than food or culinary use showed higher likelihood of becoming invasive.
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Conn, Jeffery S., Casie A. Stockdale, and Jenny C. Morgan. "Characterizing Pathways of Invasive Plant Spread to Alaska: I. Propagules from Container-Grown Ornamentals." Invasive Plant Science and Management 1, no. 4 (October 2008): 331–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ipsm-08-063.1.
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AbstractTo determine the extent and nature of container-grown plant soil as a pathway for introduction of exotic plant species to Alaska, soil from container-grown ornamentals was obtained from vendors and was incubated in the greenhouse. Fifty-four plant species were identified growing in containers or germinating from the soil, and included Canada thistle—a prohibited weed in Alaska—and nine other species listed as invasive in Alaska. The number of species and estimated seed bank were very low for soil from vegetable starts/herbs and herbaceous bedding plants (< 2 seedlings/L soil), but was greater for soil from containers containing woody plants, especially balled and burlapped ornamentals (20 seedlings/L soil). Container alien plant seed bank size was strongly related to type of soil. Potting (soil-less) soil contained 1.2 germinating seeds/L, soil-based soil 5.5 seeds/L, and mineral soil 18.7 seeds/L. Growers and vendors were variables that also influenced the size of the container seed bank, suggesting that weed management practiced during production and at the point of sale can greatly influence seed banks of ornamental containers.
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Thetford, Mack, Shibu Jose, and Edward H. Fletcher. "(36) Evaluating an Agroforestry Approach to Woody Cuts Production in Florida." HortScience 41, no. 4 (July 2006): 1026A—1026. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.4.1026a.
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The demand for special forest products used in the floral industry has a rapidly expanding market. Woody cuts come from perennial shrubs, trees, or woody vines, and are used as floral design materials for the flowering branches, foliage, fruits, or stems. Evaluation of specialty and woody cut production is needed to determine if these plants may be adapted to sustainable agroforestry production systems. An agroforestry approach to woody cuts production for longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) producers in Florida is a natural approach given the relatively open canopy of this timber species and the occurrence of several native species with ornamental characteristics that are currently utilized on a small scale for woody cuts production. The present approach to evaluating the suitability of these systems utilizes the following objectives: 1) Evaluate the production potential of ornamental species in monoculture and agroforestry silviculture systems and determine the biophysical interactions between system components. This objective will assess system design and its role on system productivity; determine time to ornamental yield. 2) Quantify the cost of establishing ornamentals for woody cuts production in both monoculture and agroforestry systems. This objective will identify and track overhead/fixed costs and variable costs associated with the ornamental cuts and timber crops for monoculture and agroforestry production systems over a 3-year period. 3) Investigate potential markets for the distribution and sale of cut foliage, flowers or stems. This objective will lead to consultations with florists and cut foliage wholesalers about potential market volume, price, and specifications for products produced within the longleaf pine agroforestry production system.
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Spiler, Carla, Maria de Fatima Barbosa Coelho, Vanessa Damasceno Gonçalves, Ludmila Porto Piton, and Elisangela Clarete Camili. "Estudo etnobotânico em quintais agroflorestais em bairro na Cidade de Cuiabá, Mato Grosso." Revista Verde de Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Sustentável 11, no. 5 (December 30, 2016): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.18378/rvads.v11i5.3832.
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<p>Os quintais são espaços de uso, manejo e conservação de diferentes espécies vegetais contribuindo para a renda familiar e segurança alimentar das famílias. O objetivo no presente estudo foi fazer um levantamento das espécies em quintais do Bairro Jardim Florianópolis em Cuiabá, Mato Grosso. A pesquisa foi conduzida através de entrevistas semiestruturadas, associadas às técnicas de “bola de neve” e turnê-guiada. Foram registradas 58 espécies pertencentes a 52 gêneros e 27 famílias, destacando-se as famílias Arecaceae (7 spp.), Araceae (5 spp.), Liliaceae (5 spp.) Myrtaceae (4 spp.) e Rubiaceae (4 spp.). A maior parte das espécies são exóticas (75,86%). As plantas são classificadas pelos moradores em ornamentais, alimentícias e medicinais. O uso ornamental representou 62,5%, o medicinal 21,5% e o alimentício apenas 16%. As espécies ornamentais de hábito herbáceo são as mais importantes com predominância da família Arecaceae.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>Ethnobotanical study in agroforestry homegardens in a neighborhood in the City of Cuiabá, Mato Grosso</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong>Homegardens are spaces for the use, management and conservation of different plant species contributing to family income and household food security. The aim of this study was to survey the species in homegardens of Jardim Florianópolis neighborhood in Cuiabá, Mato Grosso. The research was conducted through semi-structured interviews, associated with snowball and tour-guided techniques. A total of 58 species belonging to 52 genera and 27 families were recorded, including the families Arecaceae (7 spp.), Araceae (5 spp.), Liliaceae (5 spp.) Myrtaceae (4 spp.) and Rubiaceae. Most species are exotic (75.86%). The ornamental use represented 62.5%, the medicinal 21.5% and the food only 16%. The ornamental species of herbaceous habit are the most important with predominance of the family Arecaceae.</p>
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Rojas-Sandoval, Julissa, and James D. Ackerman. "Ornamentals lead the way: global influences on plant invasions in the Caribbean." NeoBiota 64 (April 2, 2021): 177–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.64.62939.
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Understanding the historical factors associated with the invasion success of alien species in a region may help us to identify sources, vectors, and pathways that are more likely to originate new invaders. Here, we gather data for traits related to the history of introduction (e.g., continent of origin, reason for introduction, and date of introduction) of 616 alien plant species listed as invasive on 18 island groups across the Caribbean region. We used these data to evaluate how human activity has influenced plant invasions on Caribbean islands over time and whether invasion success could be driven by traits of the introduction process. We found that significantly more invasive plants (54%) were intentionally introduced for ornamental reasons than for any other purpose. Most invaders in the Caribbean are native to Asia, South America, and Africa and the cumulative number of invasive species in this region has been steadily increasing during the last 200 years, but since 1850, this trend has been led by species introduced as ornamentals. We also found a significant association between continent of origin and reason of introduction, with more invaders than expected being ornamentals from Asia and America, and forage species from Africa. Our results show that introduced ornamentals are successfully invading all major habitats across the Caribbean, exacerbating conservation issues and threatening native biodiversity. Armed with knowledge of origins and reasons for introductions, effective biosecurity actions as well as control and management strategies can be better targeted to address the problem of invasive species in the region.
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Sigariova, D. D., and V. G. Karpliyk. "Parasitic Nematodes in Flowering and Ornamental Plants: Effect of Parasites on the Plants and Response of the Plants to the Presence of Nematodes." Vestnik Zoologii 49, no. 5 (October 1, 2015): 427–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/vzoo-2015-0049.
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We studied the composition of the parasitic nematodes in the flowering and ornamental plants cultivated at the greenhouse facilities in the city of Kyiv. We found 9 species from the genera Meloidogyne Goeldi, 1887, Ditylenchus Filipjev, 1936, Pratylenchus Filipjev, 1934, Rotylenchus Filipjev, 1936, Tylenchorhynchus Cobb, 1913, Helicotylenchus Steiner, 1945, Paratylenchus Micoletzky, 1922, and Heterodera Schmidt, 1871. We also discovered the nature of the external manifestations of the nematodes’ effect on the plants and the plants’ response to the infection. Special attention was paid to the loss of the ornamental properties. In order to rank the loss of the ornamental properties of the plants under nematode infection, the scale (ranking system) was suggested. It includes 5 grades applicable to the exterior appearance of the plants, where “5” stands for “excellent”; “4” stands for “good” “3” stands for “satisfactory”; “2” stands for “unsatisfactory”; and “1” stands for “bad”. Th e joint parasitic activity of two nematode species (D. dipsaciі and R. robustus in asparagus, and D. dipsaciі and M. incognita in begonia) caused the highest level of infection progress observed (4 points), and this resulted in worsening of the exterior appearance of plants and in decrease of their ornamentality/ornamental properties down to “bad” (1 point). Th e parasitic activity of P. penetrans in coleus coincided with a high degree of the infection progress (3 to 3.5 points) while the ornamental properties of the plants corresponded to the gradations identified as “unsatisfactory” (2 points) and “bad” (1 point).
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Winfield, Ian J. "MARINE ORNAMENTAL SPECIES AQUACULTURE." Journal of Fish Biology 91, no. 4 (October 2017): 1250–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jfb.13409.
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Lauterer, P. "Citrus flatid planthopper – Metcalfa pruinosa (Hemiptera: Flatidae), a new pest of ornamental horticulture in the Czech Republic." Plant Protection Science 38, No. 4 (February 6, 2012): 145–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4870-pps.
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In late August of 2001 a population of Metcalfa pruinosa (Say, 1830) consisting of several dozens of adults and larvae was observed in a nursery of ornamentals at Brno-Bystrc. The species occurred mostly on young twigs of cultivars of Thuja occidentalis L., Juniperus communis L. and Sorbus aucuparia L. but also Lilium spp. and singly on other various wood and herbal ornamental plants. The damage was rather of an aesthetic kind: young twigs were covered by 5–10 cm long spots of waxy fluff produced by the larvae. The pest is native to North America and was introduced in the late 1970’s to Italy, from where it spread to southern France, Slovenia and southern Austria. The Brno population might have been imported, in the egg stage, on ornamental shrubs from Italy. The polyphagous pest is very common in Southern Europe, causing damage especially on fruit trees by the secretion of honeydew that, being colonised by Capnodiaceae moulds, inhibits the transpiration. The species could stay permanently in theCzechRepublic or could be repeatedly imported again.
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Skroch, W. A., C. J. Catanzaro, and M. R. Yonce. "Response of Nine Herbaceous Flowering Perennials to Selected Herbicides." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 8, no. 1 (March 1, 1990): 26–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-8.1.26.
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Abstract Nine herbicides registered for use on turf and ornamentals were applied semiannually for 2 years to 9 species of field grown herbaceous flowering perennials. The herbicides used were Balan (benefin), Betasan (bensulide), Dacthal (DCPA), Devrinol (napropamide), Fusilade (fluazifop), Ornamental Herbicide 2 (oxyfluorfen + pendimethalin), Pennant (metolachlor), Poast (sethoxydim), and Ronstar (oxadiazon). The perennials included fernleaf yarrow, shasta daisy, coreopsis, dianthus, daylily, candytuft, red hot poker, statice, and phlox. Betasan produced no visual phytotoxicity. All other treatments, excluding Ornamental Herbicide 2 (OH-2), caused less than 20% injury to all species tested. OH-2 caused 40%, 39%, and 30% injury to daylily, yarrow, and red hot poker, respectively. Economically tolerable (less than 25%) injury was exhibited by phlox and shasta daisy treated with OH-2, by daylily treated with Pennant, and by phlox treated with Ronstar. OH-2 increased flowering of coreopsis and statice by 97% and 235%, respectively, while it reduced plant area of phlox by 53% and flowering of phlox by 34%. Both Pennant and OH-2 reduced flowering of dianthus by nearly 30%.
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ARGOLO, POLIANE SÁ, RENATA M. VITAL SANTOS, MARIA A. LEÃO BITTENCOURT, ALOYSÉIA C. DA SILVA NORONHA, GILBERTO J. DE MORAES, and ANIBAL RAMADAN OLIVEIRA. "Phytoseiid mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae) associated with tropical ornamental plants, with a checklist and a key to the species of Bahia, Brazil." Zootaxa 4258, no. 4 (May 1, 2017): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4258.4.3.
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Twenty-four papers refer to phytoseiid mites from different plant species in the state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil, but none of those refer to taxonomic surveys on ornamental plants. The aim of this study was to determine phytoseiids from tropical ornamentals in the southern coastal region of Bahia state, as well as to present a checklist and an identification key to the species recorded in that state. Samples were collected at eight localities of five municipalities. A total of seventeen species in nine genera was found on fifteen plant species of the families Costaceae, Heliconiaceae, Musaceae and Zingiberaceae. The most frequent and abundant phytoseiid species were Iphiseiodes metapodalis (El-Banhawy), Amblyseius operculatus De Leon and Iphiseiodes zuluagai Denmark & Muma, respectively. The checklist and the identification key to the Phytoseiidae species of Bahia were prepared based on the published literature.
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Rogers, Owen M. "LILACS AND OTHER WOODY ORNAMENTAL FOR ALL SEASONS." HortScience 25, no. 9 (September 1990): 1177b—1177. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1177b.
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Current lilac breeding programs at the University of New Hampshire focus on the later (June) blooming species of Syringa with goals of extending the season of bloom selecting slower growing forms and developing lines with double flowers. Progress toward these goals and others, e.g., true dwarfs, will be discussed and illustrated.Every university in the northeast includes woody ornamentals in its program to some degree. The University of New Hampshire is an official test site for ornamental from NE-9 and NC-7 germplasm programs and the National Arboretum's new introduction program. The value of these programs and their future direction will be discussed.
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Zona, Scott. "The correct gender of Schinus (Anacardiaceae)." Phytotaxa 222, no. 1 (August 7, 2015): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.222.1.9.
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Species of the genus Schinus Linnaeus (1753) (Anacardiaceae) are native to the Americas but are found in many tropical and subtropical parts of the world, where they are cultivated as ornamentals or crops (“pink peppercorns”) or they are invasive weeds. Schinus molle L. (1753: 388) is a cultivated ornamental tree in Australia, California, Mexico, the Canary Islands, the Mediterranean, and elsewhere (US Forest Service 2015). In Hawaii, Florida, South Africa, Mascarene Islands, and Australia, Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi (1820: 399) is an aggressively invasive pest plant, costing governments millions of dollars in damages and control (Ferriter 1997).
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Bechtloff, Allison, Dr Carrie Reinhardt Adams, Dr Sandra Wilson, Dr Zhanao Deng, and Christine Wiese. "Insights from Southeastern US Nursery Growers Guide Research for Sterile Ornamental Cultivars 1." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 37, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-37.1.9.
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Abstract Some ornamental plants important to the nursery and landscape industries escape cultivation, spread to natural areas, and become invasive, outcompeting native plants in those ecosystems. Development of sterile cultivars of these problematic species can be one way to continue their sales yet limit their invasive potential and protect natural areas. To maximize the economic (and ecological) impact of this approach, sterile cultivar research and development should directly address grower needs. We conducted a survey of southeastern US growers to quantify sales of five popular yet invasive ornamentals (Coral ardisia, Chinese privet, Japanese honeysuckle, Heavenly bamboo, and Mexican petunia). Firms ranged from small businesses to large operations with up to $30M in gross annual sales. Respondents expressed a largely positive opinion of sterile cultivar research (74%) and a willingness to sell the sterile cultivars once created. Most (40%) recommended that sterile cultivar research on Heavenly bamboo was most critical, while 30% suggested that Chinese privet was the most important research target of the five species. The industry's willingness to adopt sterile cultivars documented in this survey positions the southeastern US to lead development of sterile cultivars and reduce invasiveness of economically important plants; research and development will be most effective if guided by industry input revealed here. Index words: Invasive species, invasive ornamental, sterile cultivar, ornamental plants, non-invasive, non-native, survey, nursery production, economic impacts. Species used in this study: Coral ardisia (Ardisia crenata Sims); Chinese privet (Ligustrum sinense Lour.); Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica Thunb.); Heavenly bamboo (Nandina domestica Thunb.); Mexican petunia (Ruellia simplex C.Wright).
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Zheljazkov, V. D., K. Patterson, K. J. Parsons, and G. Sampson. "Tolerance of bare-root ornamental perennials to selected herbicides." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 87, no. 2 (April 1, 2007): 439–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p06-093.
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The market for ornamental perennials astilbe [[Astilbe japonica (Morr. & Dcne.) Gray], A. × arendsii, A. chinensis (Maxim.) Franch. & Savat.], stonecrop [Sedum roseum (L.) Scop.], hosta (Hosta fortunei Baker.), and daylily (Hemerocallis fulva L.) has expanded in Canada. We evaluated the tolerance of these ornamental species to selected herbicides applied preemergence and postemergence in Nova Scotia in 2002 and 2003. Napropamide, linuron, metribuzin, pendimethalin, metolachlor, pronamide, and oxyfluorfen may be used preemergence in hosta. Napropamide, pendimethalin, metolachlor, pronamide, and oxyfluorfen may be applied preemergence in all astilbe species. Linuron could be used preemergence in astilbe species japonica and arendsii, but not in chinensis. Napropamide, linuron, pendimethalin, metolachlor, pronamide, and oxyfluorfen may be suitable preemergence in both daylily and stonecrop. Bentazon, fluazifop-P, pendimethalin, pronamide, thifensulfuron, rimsulfuron, dithiopyr, and isoxaben can be used postemergence in hosta. Fluazifop-P, pendimethalin, pronamide, chlorimuron, thifensulfuron, rimsulfuron, dithiopyr, and isoxaben can be used postemergence in all three astilbe species. Bentazon, fluazifop-P, pendimethalin, pronamide, chlorimuron, rimsulfuron, dithiopyr, and isoxaben can be used postemergence in daylily. Bentazon, pendimethalin, pronamide, chlorimuron, nicosulfuron, nico-rimsulfuron, thifensulfuron, dithiopyr, and isoxaben can be used postemergence in stonecrop. Key words: Bare root perennials, herbicide efficacy, Astilbe, Sedum, Hosta, Hemerocallis, ornamentals, nursery crops
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Bračić, Živa, Natalija Hočevar, and Nina Šajna. "Allelopathic potential of Helleborus dumetorum and its prospects for conservation with gardening." Glasilo Future 5, no. 5-6 (December 31, 2022): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.32779/gf.5.5-6.2.
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To tackle global biodiversity loss, we will need to sustain biodiversity beyond protected areas. Here we present a case study of a rare and threatened native species Helleborus dumetorum. First, we assessed by laboratory experiments if H. dumetorum has a competitive advantage over weeds because of its allelopathic potential; secondly, we reviewed the literature to discuss if this threatened species could be conserved as an ornamental species for gardening while at the same time its cultivation would benefit local biodiversity. Using bioassays, we tested the allelopathic potential of aqueous extracts of H. dumetorum leaves and of soil samples, collected at or away from H. dumetorum plants, on garden cress Lepidium sativum germination and seedling development. The results confirmed the presence of H. dumetorum aqueous allelochemicals in leaves as well as allelopathic effects of the soil where H. dumetorum was growing, supporting the competitive advantage of H. dumetorum. Literature review combined with our observations in the field indicated more characteristics of H. dumetorum suitability for ornamental purposes and species’ conservational opportunities: easy and successful transplanting, survival in various habitats, no invasive potential, flowering in early spring, long-lived leaves. Our study shows, that considering threatened native plants for ornamentals could have a multitude of benefits for local biodiversity.
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Anderson, Neil O., and Richard T. Olsen. "A Vast Array of Beauty: The Accomplishments of the Father of American Ornamental Breeding, Luther Burbank." HortScience 50, no. 2 (February 2015): 161–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.50.2.161.
Full textAbstract:
Luther Burbank (1849–1926) was a prolific ornamental plant breeder, who worked with 91 genera of ornamentals, from Abutilon to Zinnia, and released nearly 1000 cultivars to the industry. His innovative work included both herbaceous and woody plant materials as well as ornamental vegetables such as corn, tomatoes, and spineless cacti. His most popular ornamental release, the shasta daisy hybrids—first released in 1901, is still on the global market. This article focuses on Luther Burbank’s breeding techniques with ornamental plants and how both the germplasms that he developed and his methodologies used permeate modern flower breeding. Genera with the highest number of cultivars bred and released by Burbank include Amaryllis, Hippeastrum, and Crinum followed by Lilium, Hemerocallis, Watsonia, Papaver, Gladiolus, Dahlia, and Rosa. With Lilium, he pioneered breeding the North American native lily species, particularly those from the Pacific coastal region, producing the eponymous Lilium ×burbankii. Burbank’s breeding enterprise was designed to be self-sustaining based on profits from selling the entire product line of a new cultivar or crop only to wholesale firms, who then held exclusives for propagation and selling, although financial hardships necessitated selling retail occasionally. Entire lots of selected seedlings were sold to the highest bidder with Burbank setting the price in his annual catalogs such as the Burbank Hybrid Lilies lot for U.S. $250,000 or some of the “very handsome, hardy ones” for U.S. $250 to U.S. $10,000 each. Other flower cultivars also commanded high prices such as seedling Giant Amaryllis that sold for U.S. $1.55/bulb in 1909. Cacti were another area of emphasis (he released more than 63 cultivars) from the spineless fruiting and forage types (Opuntia ficus-indica, O. tuna, O. vulgaris) to flowering ornamentals such as O. basilaris, Cereus chilensis, and Echinopsis mulleri. Interest in cacti during 1909–15 rivaled the Dutch Tulip mania with exorbitant fees for a single “slab” of a cultivar, speculative investments, controversy with noted cacti specialists (particularly David Griffiths), and lawsuits by The Burbank Company. Although most cultivars have been lost, Burbank’s reputation as the Father of American Ornamental Breeding remains admirable from critics and devotees alike.
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Pope, Torin O., and Caula A. Beyl. "Agrobacterium rhizogenes Influences in Vitro Morphogenesis in Stem Segments of Woody Plants." HortScience 30, no. 4 (July 1995): 913E—913. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.913e.
Full textAbstract:
Agrobacterium rhizogenes is a valuable new tool for inducing adventitious roots in difficult-to-root ornamentals To evaluate species and strain interactions, three ornamental species were chosen: Hydrangea quercifolia, Pyrus calleryana, and Photinia × fraserii. Terminal shoots (2.5 cm long) were collected at bud swelling and then immersed in bleach (20% v/v) for 10 min with stirring. They were rinsed three times in sterile distilled water and cultured individually in test tubes containing 15 ml of Murashige and Skoog medium. After 3 weeks, the uncontaminated shoots were divided into five groups: four strains of A. rhizogenes and a control. There was a significant effect of strain and species in the production of callus and organs from the shoot tips. The presence of strain by host interaction was observed In the morphogenic response of explants.
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Latham, L. J., and R. A. C. Jones. "Occurrence of tomato spotted wilt tospovirus in native flora, weeds, and horticultural crops." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 48, no. 3 (1997): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/a96084.
Full textAbstract:
Surveys to determine the incidence of tomato spotted wilt tospovirus (TSWV) in native plants, weeds, vegetables, and flowering ornamentals were done within or near horticultural properties in the Perth metropolitan area. Leaf or petal samples were tested for TSWV by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Samples from native plants and flowering ornamentals were also tested for impatiens necrotic spot tospovirus (INSV). Forty-two species of native plants were sampled from 17 sites. Of the 1590 plants sampled, only 1 plant of Calectasia cyanea (blue tinsel lily) was found to be infected. Weeds were sampled from 24 sites, and samples from 5543 plants in 45 species were tested. TSWV was found in 59 samples belonging to 16 different species from 8 sites. Among these, the highest virus infection levels at individual locations were in Arctotheca calendula (capeweed; 15%) and Sonchus asper (sowthistle; 32%). Vegetables were sampled from 28 sites, and samples from 3864 plants in 9 species were tested. TSWV was found in 309 samples from 22 sites. Those found to be infected were broad bean, capsicum, celery, chilli, eggplant, globe artichoke, lettuce, paprika, potato, and tomato. At individual locations, capsicum and tomato crops were sometimes 100% infected. Flowering ornamentals were sampled from 6 sites, and samples from 2698 plants in 16 species were tested. TSWV was found in 296 samples from 3 sites. Those found to be infected with TSWV were alstroemeria, calendula, Chinese aster, chrysanthemum, cosmos, dahlia, delphinium, gladiolus, snapdragon, statice, and zinnia. Highest incidences were in alstroemeria (32%), asters (81%), calendula (65%), chrysanthemum (30%), dahlia (28%), and statice (57%). No INSV was detected. In an infected calendula crop, TSWV infection declined sharply with distance from an aster infection source. Eight isolates of TSWV obtained from different weeds, vegetables, and flowering ornamentals differed widely in the severity of symptoms they induced in Nicotiana glutinosa, capsicum, and tomato. High incidences of TSWV were commonly associated with the presence of Frankliniella occidentalis (western flower thrips). Reservoirs of TSWV infection identified during the survey included infected planting stock and volunteer plants of vegetatively propagated flowering ornamentals, seedlings of vegetables previously infected in nurseries, old infected vegetable and flowering ornamental crops growing next to subsequently planted crops, and weeds. A control strategy involving the removal or avoidance of TSWV sources and vigilance to limit introduction of INSV on imported flowering ornamentals is discussed.
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Reichert, Nancy A., and Brian S. Baldwin. "POTENTIAL FOR HIBISCUS CANNABINUS IMPROVEMENT VIA SOMACLONAL VARIATION." HortScience 30, no. 3 (June 1995): 435c—435. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.3.435c.
Full textAbstract:
Adventitious regeneration protocols were developed for kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) using leaf tissue. Regenerants (R0) of three cultivars and R1 progeny from one cultivar were grown in greenhouse and field trials for assessment of various growth characteristics. R0 regenerants differed from control plants in the variety of stem colors displayed. On germination, a proportion of R1 seedlings were chlorophyll-deficient (albinos), whereas no control seedlings contained that mutation. Flowering date also was earlier in the R1 plants. The kenaf regeneration protocol also has been successful on H. syriacus (Althea, rose of Sharon), and other ornamental species are currently being evaluated. With kenaf data, the adventitious regeneration protocol potentially could be a useful tool for inducing mutations in various species of Hibiscus, including ornamentals.