Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Specie ornamentali'
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Toscano, Stefania. "Risposta di specie ornamentali allo stress idrico." Thesis, Università degli Studi di Catania, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/232.
Full textIn the areas characterized by Mediterranean climate, long periods of water deficit during the spring-summer season together with high temperatures, could determine severe water stress in many ornamental species utilized for urban landscape. Moreover, it is not always possible or convenient to satisfy plant water requirements, both in the nursery and in the following growth stages. Therefore, the growth and survival of these species is linked to their capacity to increase the water use efficiency. Nevertheless the importance of these issues, little investigation has been done on water stress of ornamental shrubs, and especially in the ones utilized for landscape. However the new trends on â sustainable landscapingâ have paid the attention on the individuation of biological and technical tools for a better valorization of water resources. In this frame, the general aim of the PhD thesis was to study, on several ornamental species, the effect of water stress determined by solutions with different osmotic potential during germination and by different restitution of water loss with evapotranspiration during growth cycle. The experimental trials concerned: A) The effects on water stress on germination and seedling growth in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). B) Morpho-physiological response of ornamental shrubs in different water stress conditions. C) Morpho-physiological mechanisms of water stress recovery in ornamental shrubs. The specific aim for each trial was: A) Study on six sunflower cultivars the effects of different water stress conditions on germination rate and seedling growth rate; B) Analyze the behavior of several ornamental shrubs subjected in the first period of growth cycle to water stress to individuate the tolerance on water deficit in the substrate. Moreover the main mechanisms morpho-biometrical and physiological have been investigated. C) Evaluate on five ornamental shrubs largely used in the landscape, the recovery capacity to water stress after periodical cycles of suspension/recovery of irrigation. In the trial on the evaluation of water stress imposed with different osmotic potentials on sunflower germination, different results were obtained: a) the osmotic potential threshold (below this value germination does not start); b) different behavior of the studied cultivars in relation to water stress and germination; c) the possibility to enhance the germination trough the adoption of solutions with low osmotic potentials. The different results in relation to the cultivars in the two steps (seed and seedling growth stages) need further investigation considering the noticeable interest to effectuate a quick and easy screening for evaluation of genotypes to water stress. The response of ornamental shrub seedlings to water stress has considered the plant changes to different water content in the substrate for the whole cultivation period and to frequent cycles of suspension/recovery of irrigation. Results showed that species seemed to be available in environments characterized by scarce water resources, and exhibited a different capacity to increase water efficiency. The tolerance to water stress is linked to morpho-biometrical and physiological changes, which have involved the photosynthesis and stomatal conductivity. In low water availability less tolerant species showed a reduction in leaf area, while the tolerant ones have increased the root systems. Among the physiological mechanisms, the modification of stomatal conductivity appears to be the main strategy to avoid water loss. However, as showed by the many physiological processes investigated, species showed a certain capability (different among the species) to recover their functional efficiency at the end of unfavorable period.
Farieri, Elisa. "Risposta di specie ornamentali a stress abiotici." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/3862.
Full textDi, Gregorio Rosa. "Studi e ricerche sull'impiego di specie erbacee autoctone della flora siciliana a fini ornamentali." Thesis, Università degli Studi di Catania, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/230.
Full textIn the last decade, the interest in herbaceous native plants for landscape purpose has grown, due to their potential use in a low-maintenance landscapes. The establishment of a native wildflower meadow could reduce the costs due to the lower levels of management practices. Some herbaceous native species represent a valid alternative for their rapid growth and ability to stabilize roadside soils. Many botanical species, especially shrubs and trees, have been reintroduced in the Mediterranean area for environmental purpose, but little attention has been paid to native herbaceous plants. The specific traits of species native of Southern Italy, and their morph-biometric characteristics, seed germination ecology, cultivation techniques have not been investigated yet. Despite the impact of urbanization on biodiversity, many herbaceous species are able to grow in the urban ecosystem. In the last years, various researches have been carried out to investigate the urban flora of different Italian and European cities, finding an high number of species. Most of these species could assume interest for a possible use in naturalistic green areas. In this frame, the current PhD thesis analyzed the Sicilian flora potentiality in view to use some native species like wildflowers. For this purpose various trials were carried out with the aims to: A) identify the taxa of Sicilian flora which could be used like wildflowers for aesthetic traits and life form characteristics (annual, biennial and perennial herbaceous plants); B) analyze the morph-biometric characteristics, mainly linked to specific use and environmental requirements of the most interesting species of the first trial; C) define the characteristics of seed and germination process. The survey conducted in the trial A showed an high number of Sicilian species. At the end of the investigation 2106 species were individuated, belonging to 76 families and 652 botanical genera. Every species reported in the list showed useful traits to be used as wildflowers, although further experiments are required to determine the possible use. As expected, the most representative family corresponded to Asteraceae (with 278 species and 99 genera), followed by Poaceae (255 species and 114 genera). These families are the most widespread botanical families of Italian flora, characterized by different pollination modalities: mainly through insects in the first taxa and through wind in the second one. Different is the possible use: Asteraceae better suit in anthropized landscape, both rural and/or urban environments, due to their attractive and beautiful flowers, while the Poaceae could be better utilized in degraded ecosystems for their adaptability to infertile soils. Good represented are the families of Fabaceae (212 species and 27 genera) and Caryophyllaceae (121 species and 26 genera). Despite the low number of species of Ranunculaceae, Boraginaceae, Malvaceae, Schrophulariaceae and Violaceae, these families could be very interesting for flower characteristics. The more common life form is the herbaceous perennial, with the 51% of the species; the more diffused habitats are the degraded ecosystems, both rural or urban area. This indicates that these species could be used in low-maintenance landscape. The analysis of morph-biometric characteristics (trial B) was effectuated on 138 species belonging to 36 botanical families; for 34 species the descriptive statistics of flower, leaf and fruit characteristics are summarized. Many of them can be considered an ornamental plant alternative to the traditional ones in Mediterranean environments. The most representative families are Fabaceae (25 species) and Asteraceae (24 species). About the 50% of the species is found in urban area on disturbed soils or in completely man-made soils, characterized by low organic content. The showiness of different colors of the flowers (white, pink, red, blue, and mainly yellow) and the wide range of plant height allow these plants to be suitable for aesthetic use. In the trial C, the seed weight of 59 species belonging to 22 botanical families is determined. The 1000 seed weight ranged from 2 to 40000 mg. This is an useful information because the seed size often affects the light requirements during germination. Therefore the different sizes can influence the possibility to realize a meadow with a blend of species. The four germination trials, which have involved 42 species of 18 botanical families, showed the possibility to obtain for 25 species more than the 40% of germinated seeds, an high value in relation to the peculiar characteristics of native species germination. However the mechanisms that influenced the seed dormancy were not always clear. In some species, characterized especially by small seeds, the germination process was enhanced by the light. The difference in the T50 value, that ranged from 3-5 to 20 days, remarks the need to consider the length of germination process when a mixture of species is adopted. The results achieved in our trials highlight the potentiality of Sicilian flora as source of species to realize semi-natural herbaceous communities in low-maintenance landscapes. Frequent seed dormancy is clearly an agronomical problem; however, the appropriate light conditions and physiological and/or mechanical treatments, may improve the germination rate and enable these species to be used for ornamental purpose, especially in urban area. In this case, native species could give a contribution to improve biodiversity in anthropized landscapes.
Diliberto, Giuseppe. "Impiego di tecniche innovative per la valorizzazione e caratterizzazione molecolare di specie vegetali ornamentali." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/3853.
Full textWatson, Victoria Anne. "Genetic manipulation of ornamental species." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.422742.
Full textPatel, Deval U. "Genetic Manipulation of Ornamental Nicotiana Species." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.523657.
Full textHayden, Jason. "A multi-species mariculturesystem : a holistic approach to ornamental culture." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2034.
Full textCoral reefs are in a worldwide state of crisis due to overexploitation. One of the factors contributing to the over exploitation is the marine ornamental industry. This industry utilises a diversity of organisms, comprising approximately 1470 species of fish and more than 300 species of invertebrates. Between April and December 2007, five of the 18 companies who had import permits for South Africa, imported a total of 359 different ornamental species, 252 of these were fish species while the remaining 107 species were invertebrates. During these nine months a total of 32 005 individual organisms were imported into South Africa by the five companies. There were two groups of fish that represented the highest import volumes. These were Amphiprion spp. and Pomacentradae spp., as well as the Gobidae spp. These groups represented 38% and 19% respectively of the total number of fish imported" Aquaculture has the potential to substantially reduce the harvesting pressure on coral reef organisms globally. A small-scale multi-species mariculture system was designed and constructed for benthic egg-laying species of fish (brood stock), corals, and ornamental algae. The system was designed to be low cost and easy to operate. The total capital costs for the system was R15 680.70. In order to estimate the potential yield of an aquaculture facility it is important to know the growth rate of the proposed species under pilot conditions. The use of artificial lighting regimes in aquaculture comes at a financial cost. It is for this reason that it is important to know what lighting scenario yields the highest growth rate of corals. The effects of photoperiod were tested on Sinularia sp. of coral. Two photoperiods were tested, namely: Groups (8:16 h Iight:dark cycle) and Group12 (12:12 h light:dark cycle). No significant difference in weight was found between Group8 and Group12 (p = 0.975). There was however a significant increase (p = 0.002) in Surface-area Pixel Value (SPV) for Groups (1996.73 millipixels pixel-1 day -1) compared to Group12 (983.73 millipixels pixel-1 day -1). The use of a 8:16 h lightdark cycle can thus yield coral of a larger size but not necessarily a higher mass.
Miller, W. B., D. A. Bailey, and D. A. Palzkill. "Propogation and Nursery Production Studies With New Arid Land Species." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/215862.
Full textDomenghini, Jacob Cody. "Water use and drought resistance of turfgrass and ornamental landscape plant species." Diss., Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13517.
Full textDepartment of Horticulture, Forestry, and Recreation Resources
Dale Bremer
Greg Davis
In 2005, turfgrass was estimated to cover approximately 20 million ha of urbanized land. That area is increasing with rapid urbanization, stressing the importance of water conservation in the lawn and landscape industry. Turfgrasses have been identified for replacement by presumably more water-efficient ornamental plant species to conserve water. However, research comparing drought resistance and evapotranspiration (ET) of turfgrasses with ornamental landscape plants is limited. Two studies were conducted to evaluate water use and performance under drought stress of several ornamental and turfgrass species. An online course was developed to educate students about critical water issues related to irrigation in urbanizing watersheds. In a field study, ET was measured using lysimeters and plant water status was evaluated under deficit irrigation (100%, 60%, and 20% ET) in Festuca arundinacea Schreb., Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm. ‘Sharps Improved’, and Ajuga reptans L. ‘Bronze Beauty’. Evapotranspiration was similar between A. reptans and F. arundinacea, and was 32 and 35% greater than ET of B. dactyloides. In a greenhouse study, the performance of one turfgrass (Poa pratensis L. ‘Apollo’) and eight landscape species (Achillea millifolium L., Ajuga reptans L. ‘Bronze Beauty’, Liriope muscari Decne., Pachysandra terminalis Siebold and Zucc., Sedum album L., Thymus serpyllum L., Vinca major L., and Vinca minor L.) was evaluated during a severe dry down and subsequent recovery. S. album, L. muscari, and P. terminalis performed the best, requiring 86 to 254 d to decline to a quality rating of one (1-9 scale: 1=dead/dormant, 9=best quality). The remaining species required 52 to 63 d. The only species to recover were P. pratensis [46% pot cover (PC) after 60 days], S. album (38% PC), and V. major (35% PC). A survey was developed to measure student learning as it relates to the level of sense and meaning present in the content of a new online course entitled “Water Issues in the Lawn and Landscape.” Survey results were compared with student learning as measured through a post-test. Post-test scores declined as the difference between sense and meaning increased (r =-0.82; P=0.03), indicating student learning is higher when both sense and meaning are present.
Go, Jeffrey. "Megalocytiviruses of freshwater ornamental fish and pathogenicity in marine and euryhaline species." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/14118.
Full textDiaz, Alexander P. "Effect of Diaprepes root weevil on leaf gas exchange and growth of select ornamental tree species." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0011363.
Full textHo, Chi-fai, and 何志輝. "Ecological risk assessment and management of invasive freshwater fish species from aquarium and ornamental trades in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/194580.
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Environmental Management
Master
Master of Science in Environmental Management
Schuch, Ursula K., and Margaret Norem. "Growth of Legume Tree Species Growing in the Southwestern United States." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/216550.
Full textLeopold, Jennifer Hrach. "The evaluation of cuphea pulchra and cuphea schumannii as potential new ornamental crops for introduction into the Floriculture industry." The Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1092587225.
Full textKingsbury, Noel. "An investigation into the performance of species in ecologically based ornamental herbaceous vegetation, with particular reference to competition in productive environments." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.500172.
Full textCatara, Stefania. "Conservazione e valorizzazione di germoplasma nativo della regione mediterranea. Caratterizzazione morfo-ecologica di specie della flora sicula per usi sostenibili." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/1639.
Full textPerotti, Adriano Antônio. "Morfologia da planta, inflorescência, fruto, semente e plântula de nandina domestica thunb." Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2007. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/1457.
Full textThe work aimed to describe and to illustrate morphologic aspects of the plant, inflorescence, fruit, seed and seedling of Nandina domestica Thunb. In the accomplished tests, were evaluated twenty head offices installed in the production area of the Floricultura Oeste Ltda, in the metropolitan area of Cascavel - PR. Were observed in the plants the following aspects: root, stem and leaves. In the inflorescences were described: the kind, color and the reproductive structures. In the fruits, the following aspects were observed: color, mass and diameter. In the seeds, were verified forms, size and mass. In the seedling, were observed the protrusion of the primary root, hipocótilo, epicotyls, plúmula and cotyledons. The observations were accomplished with aid of table magnifying glass and the measures were taken with digital pachymeter. The flower is diclamídea, with superior ovary, the fruit is an impermeable red berry, containing two seeds, which possess elliptic format, with homócromo embryo and epigeous germination.
O trabalho objetivou descrever e ilustrar aspectos morfológicos da planta, inflorescência, fruto, semente e plântula de Nandina domestica Thunb. Avaliaram-se vinte matrizes instaladas na área de produção da Floricultura Oeste Ltda, na região metropolitana de Cascavel PR. Foram observados, nas plantas, os seguintes aspectos: raiz, caule e folhas. Nas inflorescências foram descritos: o tipo, cor e as estruturas reprodutivas. Nos frutos, observaram-se os seguintes aspectos: cor, massa e diâmetro. Nas sementes, verificou-se forma, tamanho e determinou-se a massa, nas plântulas, foram observadas a protrusão da raiz primária, o hipocótilo, epicótilo, plúmula e os cotilédones. As observações foram realizadas com auxílio de lupa de mesa e as medidas foram tomadas com paquímetro digital. A flor de Nandina domestica é diclamídea, com ovário súpero, e o fruto é uma baga vermelha impermeável, contendo duas sementes, as quais possuem formato elíptico, com embrião homócromo e germinação epígea.
Martin, Cliff G. "Effects of herbivory by Diaprepes abbreviatus (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and flooding on the physiology and growth of select ornamental plant species in south Florida." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0024747.
Full textMartin, Dana. "Investigation of the Biocontrol Activity in vitro and in planta of Different Pseudomonas Species Against Important Crown, Stem, Foliar and Root Pathogens of Ornamental Crops." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1503063395390704.
Full textOlsen, Richard Thomas. "Utilizing Polyploidy for Developing Improved Nursery Crops: Restoring Fertility in Wide Hybrids, Limiting Fertility of Invasive Species, Embryo Culture of Triploids, Pest Resistance, and Inheritance of Ornamental Traits." NCSU, 2006. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04052006-131144/.
Full textSandberg, Marcus. "Pilot study: Is it possible to get Clown loach, Chromobotia macracanthus, ready to spawn in aquariums?" Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-30604.
Full textTrapani, Claudia. "VALUTAZIONI DELLE POTENZIALITA’ AGRONOMICHE, ORNAMENTALI E MORFO-FUNZIONALI DI ALCUNE SPECIE RUPICOLE DELLA FLORA SICILIANA." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10447/94898.
Full textUGOLINI, FRANCESCA. "Risposte allo stress idrico di due specie arbustive ornamentali: Photinia x fraseri var. Red Robin e Viburnum opulus L." Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/797881.
Full textRange, Inês Lages 1990. "Applicability of Fisk Risk Assessment (FISK) to ornamental species." Master's thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/10335.
Full textA third of the world’s worst aquatic invasive species are ornamental species, with about 90% being freshwater fishes. It is thus important to identify undesirable ornamental species before they can spread and become established in natural environments. This study analyses the applicability of the Fish Invasiveness Screening Kit (FISK) in assessing the invasion risk of the 40 freshwater ornamental fishes most commonly sold in Lisbon and explores whether FISK can be used in conservation management. The response rate to FISK questions and the certainty of answers were high, evaluations performed by independent assessors were largely consistent, and there was little variation between FISK and IRI. The certainty level was positively correlated with FISK scores, indicating that FISK may perform better when there is more information available to support the assessment. Also FISK can be superior to IRI as it produces an immediate score which makes it easy to read by managers. FISK scores ranged between 0 and 38, covering all risk categories. Nine species were considered to have a high risk of invasiveness in Iberian Peninsula, namely C. auratus, C. carpio, H. plecostomus, P. reticulata, X. helleri, X. maculatus, T. trichopterus, P. sphenops and D. rerio. Moreover there was a positive correlation between FISK scores and the Frequency of Occurrence (FO%) and the Numeric Frequency (FN%) in the aquarium stores in Lisbon, indicating that species most popular in stores tended to have the highest FISK scores. FISK assessments should be repeated through time for strengthening species assessment, with multiple evaluations allowing the identification and filling of current gaps. This tool should be integrated in environmental programs for non-native species because is very easy to apply, has a low cost and is also very effective even when low amount of species information is available.
Os peixes estão entre os vertebrados mais introduzidos no mundo. A aquariofilia é actualmente um dos principais vectores para a introdução de peixes não-nativos na Europa. Um terço das espécies aquáticas invasoras são espécies de aquariofilia sendo 90 a 96% dos indivíduos desta indústria peixes dulçaquícolas. Os impactos potenciais causados por estas espécies não-nativas são enormes, quer em termos ecológicos e quer em termos económicos. A Bacia Mediterrânica é um hotspot de biodiversidade, e em particular a Península Ibérica, estando a fauna piscícola desta região entre as mais ameaçadas globalmente, com mais de 70% das espécies listadas com algum nível de ameaça, devido aos impactos causados pelas espécies não-nativas. Actualmente, cerca de 19% das introduções de peixes dulçaquícolas na Península Ibérica estão associadas à aquariofilia, por exemplo, espécies como Poecilia reticulata, Astronotus ocellatus e Xiphophorus helleri foram introduzidas na Península Ibérica devido a este vector humano. A introdução de espécies não-nativas pode ser reduzida através de três ações essenciais: erradicação, controlo ou prevenção. A prevenção parece ser a mais efectiva pois apresenta um menor custo comparativamente à erradicação ou ao controlo de espécies já existentes. Uma medida de prevenção passa por usar ferramentas de avaliação de risco como o Fish Invasiveness Screening Kit (FISK), de forma a identificar espécies não-desejáveis (ex. “listas negras”) antes que estas sejam importadas e se estabeleçam na área recipiente. Apesar do FISK ter sido usado para avaliar o risco de invasão de espécies de peixes não-nativas em várias regiões geográficas (ex. Austrália, Florida, Japão, Belarússia, UK) nunca foi aplicado em espécies de um vector tão importante como a aquariofilia. Avaliações anteriores do risco de invasão de espécies não-nativas na Penínusa Ibérica focaram-se também em espécies já introduzidas, negligenciando espécies actualmente vendidas em aquariofilia. Este estudo analisa a aplicabilidade do FISK como ferramenta para avaliar o risco de invasão das 40 espécies de peixes dulçaquícolas de aquariofilia mais vendidas nas lojas de aquariofilia em Lisboa (Portugal) considerados num trabalho anterior e explica de que forma o FISK pode ser usado na gestão da conservação. A taxa de resposta às questões do FISK e a certeza das respostas foram elevadas, as avaliações efectuadas por avaliadores independentes foram em grande parte consistentes e houve pouca variação entre o FISK e o Iberian Risk Index (IRI). O nível de certeza apresentou-se positivamente correlacionado com os valores de FISK, indicando que quanto maior o valor de FISK maior o nível de certeza associado. Isto pode ser atribuído ao facto das espécies com baixos valores de FISK (valores entre -15 e 18) terem menos estudos e bibliografia disponíveis, o que significa menor confiança na resposta dada, contrariamente a espécies com valores mais elevados de FISK que apresentam um maior leque de informação, o que resulta em respostas mais completas e com maior certeza. Desta forma, o FISK pode ser mais eficazmente executado se houver mais informação disponível para suportar a avaliação das espécies. O FISK parece ser também superior ao IRI pois produz um valor imediato de risco de invasão, o que faz com que seja de fácil interpretação por gestores. Os valores de FISK variaram entre 0 e 38 (dentro de um universo entre -15 e 57) e abrangeram todas as categorias de risco de invasão desde a categoria de baixo risco (LR) até à categoria de risco muito elevado (VHR). Apesar da maioria das espécies avaliadas (77.5%) pertencer às categoria de risco mais baixas, nove espécies foram consideradas como tendo um elevado risco de invasão na PenínsuIa Ibérica, nomeadamente C. auratus, C. carpio, H. plecostomus, P. reticulata, X. helleri, X. maculatus, T. trichopterus, P. sphenops e D. rerio. As espécies para as quais se obtiveram os maiores valores de FISK para a categoria de risco mais elevada (C. auratus e C. carpio) são também já consideradas espécies invasoras na Península Ibérica, causando perturbações elevadas no ambiente recipiente. Apesar de algumas espécies com risco elevado de invasão não estarem estabelecidas com sucesso na Península Ibérica (ex. H. plecostomus, X. maculatus, T. trichopterus, P. sphenops e D. rerio) o seu controlo deve ser tido em conta de forma a evitar o seu estabelecimento pois apresentaram algumas características biológicas propícias à sua invasão, por exemplo são capazes de se reproduzir em climas semelhantes aos encontrados na Penísula Ibérica. Além disso, houve uma correlação positiva entre os valores de FISK e a Frequência de Ocorrência (FO%) e a Frequência Numérica (FN%) nas lojas de aquariofilia em Lisboa, indicando que as espécies mais populares nas lojas tendem a ter os valores mais elevados de FISK. As relações foram particularmente evidentes para as espécies mais frequentes nas lojas (FO>80%) classificadas dentro das categorias de risco mais elevadas no FISK, como C. auratus, P. reticulata, X. helleri, X. maculatus, P. sphenops e D. rerio. Desta forma, as espécies que têm uma elevada probabilidade de se estabelecer com sucesso na Península Ibérica são também as espécies que são mais frequentemente vendidas em grandes quantidades nas lojas, o que pode resultar numa elevada pressão de propágulo e colocar maiores riscos de impacto no ecosistema recipiente. Uma vez que o risco de introdução destas espécies através do descarte humano é elevado nestas espécies, é essencial o controlo do seu comércio para evitar futuras introduções não-desejáveis na Península Ibérica. Este controlo deve também ser extendido a C. carpio, H. plecostomus e T. trichopterus pois pois apesar de apresentarem um baixo risco de libertação nos ecossistemas (FO% <0.80%), tiveram um elevado risco de invasão de FISK. As avaliações do FISK são essenciais na avaliação de risco de invasão das espécies e devem ser repetidas ao longo tempo de forma a fortalecer estas avaliações, com avaliações múltiplas (pelo menos dois avaliadores) permitindo a identificação e o preenchimento de lacunas existentes. Um elevado nível de questões não-respondidas e um aumento da incerteza para uma espécie deverá motivar decisores ambientais a adoptarem uma abordagem preventiva devido ao baixo nível de confiança na avaliação, devendo esta ser uma prioridade. Avaliações futuras devem também ter em atenção a avaliação de espécies que toleram temperaturas mais quentes de forma a identificar possíveis espécies com um elevado risco de invasão, tendo em conta os cenários futuros actuamente previstos para o clima na Península Ibérica (ex. H. plecostomus, T. trichopterus, P. sphenops e D. rerio). A alteração de habitats ribeirinhos através da construção de barragens poderá contribuir para um aumento do risco de invasão uma vez que os regimes térmicos da água são alterados. Apenas espécies com um baixo risco de invasão deverão ser incluídas numa “lista-branca” de espécies, desta forma autorizando a comercialização em lojas de aquariofilia. Estratégias para a prevenção da introdução de novas espécies não-nativas, como a preparação de listas de espécies com elevado risco de invasão utilizando o FISK, a implementação de métodos alternativos de descarte de espécies não-desejáveis e a educação das pessoas envolvidas na aquariofilia são as ações potencialmente mais eficazes. O FISK deverá ser integrado em programas de avaliação de risco para espécies não-nativas pois a sua aplicação é bastante fácil, tem um custo baixo, sendo muito eficiente mesmo quando está disponível pouca informação sobre as espécies ornamentais.
Swart, Pierre Andre. "Propagation of Romulea species." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/8324.
Full textThesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2012.
Yang, Man-Ni, and 楊曼旎. "Screening Native Woody Species of Taiwan for Indoor Ornamental Usage by Using Growth and Physiological Performances." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67544554400209966017.
Full text國立屏東科技大學
森林系所
103
There are 588 trees and 420 shrubs native to Taiwan. Yet only a few of them have been selected for the usage of indoor ornamental purpose. The aim of this study is to select suitable native woody plants for indoor usage based on their growth and physiological performances. Nineteen shade-tolerant native woody species and 4 shade-intolerant species which served as control were tested in this study. Tested plants were placed in indoor, outdoor-low-light, and outdoor-medium-light experimental sites. Indoor environment was maintained at a room temperature of 26℃ with light intensity around 7~9 µmol photon m-2 s-1. Three months after the treatment, we calculated three indexes, including leaf growth index, survival and mortality index, and photosynthesis index, for each species. A final quantitative score was calculated by integrating the above three indexes. Results showed that, 15 out of the 19 tested species did not have any dead seedlings, but seedlings of Ardisia chinensis were all dead. Seedlings of Hernandia nymphiifolia, Liodendron formosanum, and Nageia nagi had higher rate in newly formed leaves and lower rate in defoliate leaves, so that they had higher value for this index. Seedlings of Garcinia subelliptiva did not grow any new leaves and shed any old leaves. Seedlings of Acmena acuminatissima, Ardisia villosa, and Lithocarpus glabra, grew less new leaves and shed more old leaves, so they had a negative value for this index. As for the 4 control shade-intolerant species, only Broussonetia papyrifera showed positive, while the other 3 species were all negative for this index. After 3-month treatment, there were 13 tested species showed positive net photosynthetic rates (0.07 ~ 0.28 µmol m-2 s-1), while Acm. acuminatissima, Antidesma pentandrum, Ard. villosa, Illicium arborescens, and Lit. glabra showed negative photosynthetic rates (-0.05 ~ -0.18 µmol m-2 s-1). Summarized from the growth and physiological performances of each species, we found that Barringtonia asiatica, Diospyros eriantha, Dio. ferrea, Dio. Philippensis, Drypetes littoralis, Euonymus tashiroi, G. subelliptiva, H. nymphiifolia, Lio. formosanum, Murraya paniculata, N. nagi, and Podocarpus macrophyllus var. maki all had potential to be indoor ornamental plants since their final quantitative scores were all positive. On the other hand, Acm. acuminatissima, Ard. chinensis, Ant. Pentandrum, Ard. villosa, Cinnamomum kotoense, I. arborescens, and Lit. glabra had severely defoliated in indoor environment, and their net photosynthetic rates were mostly negative. Their final quantitative scores were all negative, so these species were not suitable as indoor ornamental plants. Among the 12 species with positive final quantitative scores, 11 of them (except E. tashiroi) also showed positive scores under outdoor-low-light environment, a consistent result with that of indoor environment. Thus, we suggest that an outdoor-low-light experimental site can be considered for screening indoor ornamental plants if experimental space is a concern. Among the 12 potential candidates for indoor ornamental plants, 7 species, including Dio. ferrea, Dry. littoralis, G. subelliptiva, H. nymphiifolia, Lio. formosanum, N. nagi, and P. macrophyllus var. maki, were the most recommended native species, because they had little pest infestation and diseases during the experiment, and showed excellent appearances in leaf forms and tree shape. Keywords: leaf growth index, indoor ornamental plants, native woody species of Taiwan, net photosynthetic rates, shade tolerance.
Chu, Pei-Yun, and 朱珮云. "Establishment of the transcriptome database and the functional gene-based markers certain species color traits in the ornamental shrimp (Neocaridina denticulate)." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00852822950630004553.
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