Relevant bibliographies by topics / Special libraries

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Special libraries'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Special libraries"

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Crumpton, Breanne Erin, and Emily Porter-Fyke. "The special library: applicability and usefulness of the MLIS in non-traditional library settings." Bottom Line 29, no. 3 (November 14, 2016): 151–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bl-04-2016-0017.

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Purpose The aim of this paper is to examine the versatility of the MLIS degree through the lens of special libraries in terms of education, core competencies and benefits. Special libraries show the value of the Master of Library and Information Science (MLIS) degree in preparing professionals to work across institutional boundaries in non-library and non-educational organizations and bring their services to the populace in sometimes unexpected places. Design/methodology/approach The authors first conducted a literature review of special librarians and their skillsets, as well as how to properly define “special library”. They then examined different MLIS programs geared toward special libraries and how library schools prepare special librarians to benefit their organizations. Findings The conclusion drawn is that possession of an MLIS degree lends a special librarian more credence in the execution of their duties because they have been educated in how to best benefit their institution. While additional subject expertise is an advantage to the special librarian, the skills learned in MLIS degree programs provide an essential foundation. Originality/value This is a collaborative view that brings together outside research regarding various types of special libraries and the librarians that work in them in an effort to illustrate the value of the MLIS degree in an original way.
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Khan, Shakeel Ahmad, and Abida Parveen. "Professional competencies for librarians working in special libraries: the case of Pakistan." Electronic Library 38, no. 5/6 (December 7, 2020): 1135–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/el-02-2020-0030.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to identify the core competencies for librarians working in special libraries. It also measures the competencies of librarians working in special libraries of the Punjab Province against the checklist developed by the Special Library Association (SLA) Task Force. The study also identifies the training needs of librarians working in special libraries and the problems they face in acquiring SLA competencies. Design/methodology/approach A peer-reviewed questionnaire based on the list of competencies for special librarians prepared by the SLA Task Force was used to collect quantitative data from a targeted population. An online survey was administered to approach the population working in special libraries of Punjab Province. Collected data was analyzed statistically through SPSS software. Findings A review of literature highlighted the various competencies for librarians working in special libraries (Figure 1). The findings of the study showed that the competencies identified by SLA Task Force are imperative for librarians working in special libraries of Punjab Province. The results showed that librarians working in special libraries of Punjab possessed an intermediate level of competencies identified by the SLA. However, they had a good level of basic professional and interpersonal skills. The study highlights the training needs of librarians working in special libraries to enable them in acquiring relevant competencies. Research limitations/implications The study measures the competencies of librarians in special libraries of the Punjab Province. During the data collection phase, it was observed that there were some libraries where the non-professional/supporting staff was deputed, and due to this, data could not be collected from these libraries. Practical implications This study has practical implications for librarians and information professionals working in special libraries to acquire the relevant competencies identified by the SLA. This study has identified various competencies areas that are essential for librarians working in special libraries. Social implications Librarians working in any special library can use the results of this study as a checklist to improve their competencies level and work efficiently. Originality/value In contrast to other studies conducted on professional competencies of library professionals working in academic libraries, this study particularly identifies and measures the competencies of librarians working in special libraries.
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Grove, Tara Murray. "Vivian Davidson Hewitt: A Special Librarian’s Advocacy." Libraries: Culture, History, and Society 7, no. 2 (September 2023): 111–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/libraries.7.2.0111.

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ABSTRACT Vivian Davidson Hewitt was the first Black librarian in the city of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and the first Black president of the Special Libraries Association (SLA). Despite these accomplishments and the recognition she received during her lifetime, her story, like those of many special librarians, has not been considered in the context of the broader movement for greater rights and representation for Black librarians. This article explores Hewitt’s path to library leadership, providing context for her autobiography and adding details gleaned from oral histories, unpublished papers, newspaper articles, and her own contributions to the library literature. The resulting narrative shows how she leveraged the successes of her career to open doors for other Black librarians. Hewitt’s biography demonstrates that, far from existing in a separate sphere from pioneers in public and academic libraries, special librarians contribute to the larger profession and their stories are part of library history.
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Bahrudin, Muhammad, and Nursidik Fadillah. "Mendefinisikan ulang keterampilan dan kompetensi pustakawan untuk mendukung ekosistem investasi di Indonesia: studi kasus di perpustakaan BSN." Informatio: Journal of Library and Information Science 1, no. 3 (December 29, 2021): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/inf.v1i3.36001.

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The Indonesian Government has made various efforts to increase investment, mainly through deregulation. One of the implementations of these deregulation efforts is the development of the One-Stop Service Center (PTSP) at the Ministry of Investment/BKPM as an integrated service center for licensing and non-licensing activities related to investment, Foreign Investment (PMA), and Domestic Investment (PMDN). Badan Standardisasi Nasional (BSN) took part in providing service counters at the Central PTSP to provide services in the field of Standardization and Conformity Assessment (SPK). The implication is that BSN requires competent human resources to support these services. Currently, the personnel assigned to the Central PTSP is a librarian. This study aims to identify the skills and competencies needed by librarians to support the investment ecosystem in Indonesia through Central PTSP services. This study was designed by qualitative research with a case study method. Data collection methods using literature study and in-depth interview. This paper focused on the case of a BSN librarian as an informant who was assigned as a liaison officer at the Central PTSP. Data analysis was carried out using a descriptive method. Findings in this study highlight that librarians in special libraries need to improve and adopt 11 (eleven) skills and competencies that are relevant to the duties and functions of the institution, as well as an investment ecosystem to produce optimal librarian performance for the parent institution and society in general. The conclusions of the study include; First, special libraries have different resource tendencies from one institution to another which have an impact on different needs for skills and competencies. Second, special libraries can synergize with institutions outside the parent institution to meet the information needs of segmented users. Third, librarians in special libraries are very important to be subject specialists in their institutional environment. Fourth, the skills and competencies experienced by librarians in special libraries can be overcome by various strategic steps.
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Embry, Allison. "Book Review: Collaborating for Impact: Special Collections and Liaison Librarian Partnerships." Reference & User Services Quarterly 57, no. 1 (October 9, 2017): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rusq.57.1.6446.

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As academic libraries restructure their services to meet the needs of 21st-century users, librarians and library administrators look to collaborative partnerships as a way increase library usage and visibility. Numerous successful collaborative partnerships between librarians and faculty and other campus stakeholders have been documented in scholarly research, and such partnerships are now commonplace among academic libraries of all sizes. Although these partnerships are undoubtedly beneficial, it is easy to overlook the need for collaborative partnerships within the library. Collaborating for Impact: Special Collection and Liaison Librarian Partnerships makes a strong case for partnerships between public services and special collections departments.
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Calvert, Philip J. "Special Libraries." Library Collections, Acquisitions, & Technical Services 24, no. 4 (December 2000): 518–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14649055.2000.10765737.

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Stevens, Kerrie. "Especially Special: Why Theological Libraries and Librarians Are So Special." ANZTLA EJournal, no. 11 (July 21, 2014): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31046/anztla.vi11.272.

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N. Rakshikar, Nidhi. "ACCESSIBILITY FOR PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES IN LIBRARIES: A SURVEY OF UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES IN MUMBAI." International Journal of Advanced Research 11, no. 08 (August 31, 2023): 986–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/17479.

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Purpose: Disabled population is also a part of our society. Libraries, being public spaces, have a responsibility to ensure that all patrons may utilize their services without encountering any barriers, as required by integrated and inclusive special education policies. The university library serves a diverse population of readers and researchers, making it an essential resource for the dissemination of information and the dissemination of knowledge. Patrons of academic libraries span a wide range of ages, socioeconomic statuses, and degrees of education. The present article assesses and evaluates the provision of universal access in university libraries in Mumbai through a survey of university librarians in Mumbai. Design/methodology/approach: A survey was conducted using Google Forms as well as printed questionnaire for the university librarians in Mumbai. Findings: According to librarian responses, university libraries in Mumbai do not have enough of the necessary access tools, alternative information sources, and learning aids to meet the demands of their students. It has a detrimental effect on the quantity of special users enrolling at universities and their libraries. Originality value: This paper utilizes a survey of Mumbai academic librarians to examine and evaluate the extent to which universal access is provided in Mumbai academic libraries. This study is an integral aspect of a larger investigation of human orientation at Mumbai, Indias university libraries.
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Poltavskaya, Elena. "Musical libraries - what kind of librarians do they need?" Scientific and Technical Libraries, no. 12 (December 1, 2017): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.33186/1027-3689-2017-12-97-108.

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The author characterizes musical libraries through ‘ type and variety’ correspondence method. On account of ‘satisfying user professional information needs’, ‘special libraries’ and ‘musical libraries’ correlate as a type and a variety , correspondingly, which means that the former comprises the latter. On account of ‘collection social availability’, musical libraries are seen as a type comprising the following varieties: ‘public musical libraries’ and ‘private musical libraries’. The author rejects the idea that all special libraries make scientific libraries. Specific professional standards of musical librarians are examined in detail.
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Shrivastava, Rakesh K. "Law Librarianship in India with Special Reference to the Judicial Library System." International Journal of Legal Information 36, no. 2 (2008): 275–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0731126500003061.

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Law librarianship, especially the librarianship in judicial institutions, is different from librarianship in any other discipline. This aspect is more appropriately explained by Prof. Igor I. Kavass, when he says that “the reason for law libraries being different from other types of libraries is that they serve a profession which is literally unable to exercise its work without the use of books.” While Librarians in other organizations may convince their users to give them some time for catering to their information requirements, a court librarian has to furnish the desired information at once because the case is being argued in the Court and desired information is needed in the course of the argument. So a law librarian has to provide the information instantly without any excuse. Because of this reason, a law librarian has to be a very alert professional and must develop his or her own tools and expertise to provide the desired information instantly.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Special libraries"

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Coleman, Anita Sundaram, and Maliaca Oxnam. "Interactional Digital Libraries: introduction to a special issue on Interactivity in Digital Libraries." IAM Research Group, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105812.

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Advances in Internet technologies have made it seemingly possible and easy to create digital collections, repositories and libraries. However, supporting diverse information uses that facilitate interaction beyond searching and browsing is in the early stages. Interactive digital libraries, or interactional digital libraries as we prefer to call them, are still evolving. This special issue tries to bring together work that is being done to incorporate interactivity in digital libraries.
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Syphus, Matthew. "The marketing of university libraries, with special reference to South African university libraries." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8365.

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Bibliography: leaves 251-262.
The investigation was undertaken to establish, in the first place, whether it is correct to assume that university library managers in South Africa do understand the main tenets of marketing. Secondly, the investigation was undertaken to determine whether these librarians actually do implement some or all of the principles of marketing in the management of their libraries. The study was carried out in two parts: a literature survey and an empirical investigation. The investigation was confined to university libraries in South Africa. The literature survey of the relevant marketing literature had a twofold purpose. In the first place, the marketing of libraries could only be properly appreciated within the context of understanding what is meant by marketing. Secondly, it was an underlying assumption of the investigation that in order to determine whether the management of South African university libraries did understand and apply the principles of marketing, the questions posed to them in the survey would of necessity have to reflect the principles, concepts, terminology and techniques of marketing, as established in the literature survey. The survey of marketing literature therefore endeavoured to establish clearly the main tenets of marketing and the techniques of marketing planning, the broadened marketing concept which has extended marketing to non-profit organizations, and, the significance of the interactive relationship of services marketing. A survey of the relevant literature of librarianship was undertaken to gain an insight into how marketing was perceived by the Anglo-American library world. It was against this broader background of the literature of librarianship that the South African experience was considered. As part of the empirical investigation a questionnaire was constructed and mailed to the respondents in order to determine whether the principles of marketing are understood and implemented by university libraries in South Africa. The analysis of the data obtained from the questionnaire indicated that the management of South African university libraries have a general understanding of the principles of marketing, although at present only a small minority have an in-depth knowledge of it. From the analysis of the data it is also apparent that South African university library managers to a greater or lesser extent do carry out some of the main activities of marketing, although, for the present, they do not necessarily consider that they are implementing formal marketing planning in their libraries. Only a small minority of university libraries are actually engaged in some formal marketing activities.
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Borbinha, José Luís 1963. "Digital libraries-The future through the traditional library." Phd thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UTL-Universidade Técnica de Lisboa -- IST-Instituto Superior Técnico, 2000. http://dited.bn.pt:80/6562.

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This dissertation addresses the problem of the «Digital Library» from the point of view of the «Traditional Library». The work comprises an analytical approach to the problem, being proposed a model for the «Digital Library» according to the perspective and requirements of the «Traditional Library» in face of the new emerging technological paradigm. This model is analysed for the cases of the specialized library and the deposit library, when facing the problem of the digital publishing. As a result, it is proposed a strategy for the deposit library based on the identification of scenarios and publication genres. As a consequence of this process, there were also identified and analysed new problem, such as the new concept of agent, the relationship of the concept URN identifiers? space with the problem, and the problem of the metadata. Metadata is now a new concern for the «Digital Library», from which results new requirements and scenarios raising the problem of the interoperability.
O trabalho desenvolvido nesta dissertação gira em torno do termo «Biblioteca Digital» e daquilo que ele poderá significar quando considerado segundo os requisitos da «Biblioteca Tradicional». O resultado consistiu numa abordagem analítica ao problema, propondo-se um modelo para a «Biblioteca Digital» gerado segundo a perspectiva da «Biblioteca Tradicional» quando confrontada com o novo paradigma tecnológico emergente. Este modelo é analisado para os casos da biblioteca especializada e da biblioteca de depósito quando posta perante o problema do depósito de publicações digitais, propondo-se ainda uma estratégia para a mesma baseada na identificação de cenários e géneros de publicações. Como consequência são ainda identificados e analisados novos problemas, especialmente os do agente enquanto novo conceito, a relação do problema com o caso do espaço de identificadores URN, e o problema da metadata. Conclui-se ainda ser esta agora uma nova preocupação na «Biblioteca Digital», de onde resultam novos requisitos e cenários que nos conduzem ao problema da inter-operação.
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Skepastianou, Maria. "Promotion of preservation and conservation in Greek libraries with special reference to the education of Greek librarians." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327354.

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Halsban, Megan. "Stereographs as Scholarly Resources in American Academic Libraries and Special Collections." Thesis, School of Information and Library Science, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1901/543.

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This paper examines stereographic images as scholarly resources, and begins with a brief history of the stereograph. A discussion and review of the literature related to the stereograph as well as the preservation of photographic objects follows the introduction. In addition to the literature review, collections of stereographs at four repositories were evaluated for usability: The Keystone-Mast Archive at the University of California, Riverside; The Eliot Elisofon Archive at the Smithsonian Institution; the George Eastman House; the Library of Congress. The paper ends with suggestions for future work with the stereograph, in order to facilitate access and use by researchers.
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Kelley, Robert E. (Robert Emmett). "An analysis of factors in the adoption or non-adoption of videodisc technology in North American academic and special libraries." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc935670/.

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The study addressed the problem of the relationships between adoption or non-adoption of a technology in libraries and factors such as budget, personnel, number of clientele served, size of collection, type of library, and concerns about a possible successor technology "waiting in the wings."
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Mayekiso, Nozibele. "Knowledge sharing practices in academic libraries with special reference to the Unisa Library." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11685.

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Includes abstract.
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In recent years it has been acknowledged that the practice of knowledge management can play an important role to ensure an organisation’s competitive edge within an industry. This study focuses on knowledge sharing practices in university libraries with special reference to the Unisa Library. The aim of the research project was therefore to establish whether the Unisa Library is receptive to knowledge sharing practices,whether there is a need for knowledge management and more specifically for a knowledge sharing strategy. Thus the objective was to establish the extent to which knowledge sharing practices occur among professional library staff, albeit unknowingly, in their daily activities.The study employed both quantitative and qualitative research approaches. A questionnaire was delivered in person to professional librarians while interviews were conducted with managers from the various directorates of the library. The questions explored the knowledge sharing practices, including challenges within the library. They were based on internationally accepted knowledge management themes which include the role of leadership, organisational structure, organisational culture,technology, processes in enabling the effective practice of knowledge management.
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Majal, Sulaiman. "Redesigning academic library spaces for 21st century users with special reference to CPUT Libraries." University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5540.

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Magister Bibliothecologiae - MBibl
The use and design of library spaces in higher education is a theme that has come to the forefront of user needs in the past few years. Academic libraries are redesigning their spaces to accommodate the 21st century user. The 21st century user is often labeled as Generation Y and requires a different set of knowledge and skills. In today’s knowledge economy, core skills include creativity, problem solving and collaboration. Libraries are creating space to accommodate the needs of these new users. They are developing group work areas, relaxation or pause areas, technology hubs and discussion rooms. This study has investigated how to redesign academic libraries, using Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT) Cape Town branch as a pilot study. The researcher used the concept of library "as place" or "3ʳᵈ place" as a theory. The framework interrogated the ten qualities of a good library space. The researcher used a mixed method research design to conduct this study. A questionnaire of which multiple copies were made, interviews and internal statistics were used to gather data. The results of the study reflected that the library is functional, can be adapted, the space is accessible and varied, it is conducive to motivating and inspiring people, it does promote interactivity between users and library services, and is environmentally suitable, flexible and has a wow factor. All of these characteristics conform to McDonald’s ten qualities of a good library space.
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Rutledge, Hazel. "Public library provision of resources for dyslexic individuals." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2000. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7373.

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"Dyslexia is best described as a specific difficulty in learning, in one or more of reading, spelling and written language which may be accompanied by difficulty in number work, short term memory, sequencing auditory and/or visual perception, and motor skills." (British Dyslexia Association) This thesis aims to investigate the extent to which public libraries attempt to meet the needs of the dyslexic community. Libraries are key resource centres for reading and accessing the written language and should aim to meet the needs of their various user communities. Libraries should, therefore, be in the forefront in assisting users in overcoming this disability. Although much is written on the subject of dyslexia and most libraries have descriptive material on the subject, public libraries do not appear particularly proactive in providing material for use by dyslexic individuals. There is a tendency for dyslexia to be seen primarily as an educational issue. However, iflibraries are to continue to have a role in self improvement, literacy and life long learning, they should be addressing areas such as dyslexia. A survey of the literature revealed that little has been written in the professional literature about public library resource provision for dyslexic users. A questionnaire was sent 152 Public Library authorities in the United Kingdom (excluding Scotland) to ascertain the range of services and initiatives offered to people with dyslexia. The results indicate that a modest number of authorities have dedicated collections for people with dyslexia as well as material on the subject aimed towards parents, teachers and carers. The findings suggest that although interest in the potential role of libraries in serving the needs of the dyslexic community is high, relatively little is being done to address the issue in a structured way. Library authorities with dedicated collections for people with dyslexia have been investigated as comparative case studies covering themes such as composition and funding of collections, involvement with other agencies, methods of communication, location and lessons learned. Other case studies explore user needs and actions undertaken by a specialist resource centre. Supporting studies include a survey of resources available from specialist publishers. The thesis concludes witl a summary of findings ancLrecommendations for public libraries on the way ahead in terms of best practice to meet. the needs of dyslexic individuals.
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Dasgupta, Arjun, and Jatindra Nath Satpathi. "Continuing education programmes of Library & Information Science (LIS) professionals in the Universities of West Bengal (India) with special reference to the University of Calcutta." School of Communication & Information, Nanyang Technological University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105941.

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The paper starts with the need of Continuing Education for the LIS professionals in this modern era of information and technology. It narrates the activities of Continuing Education and Professional Development (CEPD) in different developed and developing countries of the world. It enumerates the role of various associations and institutions of India such as ILA, IASLIC, BLA IIMs, ICSSR, AIIMS, which are actively connected with programmes of continuing education. The authors highlight some of the universities and academic institutions of our country which have centres and departments of continu-ing education & critically analyze the work and activities of eight universities of West Bengal based on survey work. The paper suggests some measures to improve the existing conditions and status of con-tinuing education programmes for the university-library professionals of West Bengal.
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Books on the topic "Special libraries"

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Association, Special Libraries, ed. Targeting your market: Characteristics of the SLA membership. Washington, DC: Special Libraries Association, 1992.

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1941-, Matarazzo James M., and Connolly Suzanne D, eds. Knowledge and special libraries. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1999.

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Paul, Meg. Strategies for special libraries. New York: SMR International, 1995.

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J, Ladner Sharyn, and Special Libraries Association, eds. Networking and special libraries. Washington, D.C: Special Libraries Association, 1990.

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E, King David, and Ahrensfeld Janet L, eds. Special libraries: A guide for management. 3rd ed. Washington, D.C: Special Libraries Association, 1991.

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Watson, Mark. Digital libraries: Special libraries and social work practitioners. Boston Spa: British Library Research and Innovation Centre, 1998.

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Chapter, Special Libraries Association Toronto. 1990 Directory of special libraries. Toronto: Toronto Chapter, Special Libraries Association, 1990.

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Intner, Sheila S. Special libraries: A cataloging guide. Englewood, Colo: Libraries Unlimited, 1998.

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der, Meer Willemina van, and Opitz Helmut, eds. World guide to special libraries. 4th ed. München: K.G. Saur, 1998.

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Special Libraries Association. Kentucky Chapter., ed. Special libraries of the Bluegrass. Lexington, Ky: The Chapter, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Special libraries"

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Savage, Ernest A. "3. Special Libraries." In Manual of Book Classification and Display, 133–49. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003227991-7.

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Semertzaki, Eva. "Special libraries." In Special Libraries as Knowledge Management Centres, 1–56. Elsevier, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-84334-613-5.50001-7.

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"Special Libraries." In Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science, Fourth Edition, 4361–69. CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/e-elis4-120044555.

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"SPECIAL LIBRARIES." In Global Library and Information Science, 514–31. K. G. Saur, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783598441349.514.

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"Special Libraries." In Encyclopedia of Library and Information Sciences, Third Edition, 4966–74. CRC Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/e-elis3-120044555.

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"10. Special Libraries." In Global Library and Information Science, 227–71. De Gruyter Saur, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110413120-010.

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"15. Special Libraries." In Global Library and Information Science, 355–74. De Gruyter Saur, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110413120-015.

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"31. Special Libraries." In Global Library and Information Science, 639–57. De Gruyter Saur, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110413120-031.

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Yap, Joseph M., and Mila M. Ramos. "Special Library Standards." In Library Science and Administration, 1560–78. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3914-8.ch073.

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This chapter will provide an overview of the existing standards being observed in the Philippines. With the fractionalization of various special library associations, how does the Philippine Board for Librarians (BFL) coordinate and monitor special libraries with regard to the application and tracking of the standards? The chapter will also talk about various library associations catering to special librarianship in the country. In addition, it will mention some consortia particularly established for networking and resource-sharing of special libraries which can address part nine of the revised draft standards of 2013.
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Yap, Joseph M., and Mila M. Ramos. "Special Library Standards." In Advances in Library and Information Science, 1–24. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9542-9.ch001.

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This chapter will provide an overview of the existing standards being observed in the Philippines. With the fractionalization of various special library associations, how does the Philippine Board for Librarians (BFL) coordinate and monitor special libraries with regard to the application and tracking of the standards? The chapter will also talk about various library associations catering to special librarianship in the country. In addition, it will mention some consortia particularly established for networking and resource-sharing of special libraries which can address part nine of the revised draft standards of 2013.
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Conference papers on the topic "Special libraries"

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Rukmana, Evi Nursanti, Kusnandar Kusnandar, Wina Erwina, and Samson CMS. "Open Access (OA) Folklor Lisan di Perpustakaan Khusus." In International Conference on Documentation and Information. Pusat Data dan Dokumentasi Ilmiah, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/icdi.v3i.34.

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Open Access (OA) is a digital library service concept that distributes a whole library collection. A special library of oral folklore can provide oral folklore collections through OA services to the community or society. The purpose of this research is to know how the application of oral folklore OA in special libraries. The research method uses descriptive qualitative through literature studies. The author collects, sorts, and analyzes references according to oral folklore studies and OA that come from books, journals, and the internet. The results showed that librarians in special libraries can look for oral folklore in the community or society through cultural documentation and research activities. Cultural documentation is the activity of searching, collecting data, recording, and storing in various media, while research is a structured observation process in oral folklore. The results of cultural documentation and oral folklore then become a special collection of special libraries that can be shared openly to the community or society. So, librarians design Library Management Systems (LMS) and formulate policies in implementing OA. In addition, librarians also organize activities to share information on oral folklore through social media settings, the internet, library websites, and organize Search Engine Optimization (SEO). The conclusion of this research is that OA services can be implemented in special libraries through good cooperation between librarians and the community or society.
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Krysin, Ivan A., Tatiana A. Onufrieva, and Ilya O. Shutov. "The virtual tours of special libraries." In Fourth scientific and practical conference «The letter and digit: The libraries on the way to digitalization». Russian National Public Library for Science and Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.33186/978-5-85638-267-8-44-49.

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While the printed arrays are falling into decline both in the volume and content, advanced and ever-improving software systems process the increasing and dynamical digital data flows much more faster and efficiently. The author suggests that the solution lies in libraries’ expanding functionality. Today, the libraries, including special libraries, have the space available for educational and cultural events, displays, publishing, kids games, well-equipped computer classes and special equipment for the disabled. The authors address the task of website optimization through designing the virtual tour unit.
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Sparks, Jillian, Kimberley Bell, and Alvan Bregman. "From Handpress to Handheld: Rare Book and Special Collections Libraries Forming the Libraries of Instagram." In Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24251/hicss.2020.355.

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Moldovanu, Anastasia. "The Scientific Value of the Collection of “Tudor Arghezi” art Library. Heritage Documents." In Simpozionul Național de Studii Culturale, Ediția a 2-a. Institute of Cultural Heritage, Republic of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52603/9789975352147.01.

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The written culture of a people is impressive in terms of heritage documents. These include books, the press, old prints and manuscripts, maps. According to their scientific importance, the Library’s collection includes current books, old books, books that, regardless of the year of publication, have special graphic qualities of the cover, title page, valuable content, atypical format, illustrations by well-known artists, and books with special bibliophile value with the signature or autograph of the author/donor. In libraries, such documents come from private donations and libraries; they are collected by professional people who activated in a certain period of time. These donations are managed in the form of special collections at the Arts Branch. In this context, the question of managing this special fund appears, i.e. the inventory, cataloging and preservation of the fund, the elaboration of a common Bibliography for all branches of “B. P. Hasdeu” Municipal Library, which would be permanently completed and therefore become everybody’s common good.
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Ramos-Vidal, Delfina, Alejandro Cortiñas, Miguel Luaces, Oscar Pedreira, and Angeles Places. "A Software Product Line for Digital Libraries." In 5th International Special Session on Advanced Practices in Model-Driven Web Engineering. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0010214903810389.

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Jett, Jacob, Timothy W. Cole, Myung-Ja K. Han, and Caroline Szylowicz. "Linked Open Data (LOD) for Library Special Collections." In 2017 ACM/IEEE Joint Conference on Digital Libraries (JCDL). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jcdl.2017.7991604.

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Stepanova, Anna Yu. "Ecological education in Bashkortostan Republican M. Kh. Tukhvatshin Special Library for the Blind." In The libraries and ecological education: Theory and practice. Russian National Public Library for Science and Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33186/978-5-85638-255-5-2022-198-200.

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The experience of Bashkortostan Republican Special Library for the Blind in ecological education is discussed. Diverse related activities, e.g. contests, publishing, exhibitions, lectures, etc., are described.
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Pirogova, O. V. "DIGITAL COMPETENCIES OF SPECIALISTS OF SCIENTIFIC LIBRARIES." In LIBRARIES IN THE INFORMATION SOCIETY: PRESERVING TRADITIONS AND DEVELOPING NEW TECHNOLOGIES. УП «ИВЦ Минфина», 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47612/978-985-880-283-7-2022-167-173.

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The article analyzes approaches to the definition of the concept of «digital competencies», considers basic and special digital competencies. Attention is paid to the development of digital competencies of specialists of scientific libraries in the context of intensive digitalization of all spheres of public life.
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Moseeva, Darya. "Scientific and methodological heritage of the Russian National Public Library for Science and Technology: The background." In Sixth World Professional Forum "The Book. Culture. Education. Innovations". Russian National Public Library for Science and Technology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33186/978-5-85638-236-4-2021-178-183.

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Being the all-Union coordination center for bibliography in technologies and the methodological center for USSR’s scientific and special libraries, the State Public Scientific and Technical Library of the USSR issued reference bibliographic publications, special periodicals, serials and manuals based on the research accomplished by the Library. It developed the system of learning materials in every area of library services and functions (user services, collection development and organization, reference aids, bibliographic work, etc.). All materials were highly demanded by scientific and technical libraries of the country and were of great importance for the advance of scientific, technical and special libraries and national librarianship on the whole. The author reviews the key reference bibliographic and methodological materials produced by the State Public Scientific and Technical Library of the USSR in 1958–1980.
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Schramm, Kimberly, and William Seng. "Using SciVal and Scopus to Analyze Research Impact at a National Lab." In Proposed for presentation at the Special Libraries Association Annual Conference. US DOE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1830979.

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Reports on the topic "Special libraries"

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Burri, Margaret, Joshua Everett, Heidi Herr, and Jessica Keyes. Library Impact Practice Brief: Freshman Fellows: Implementing and Assessing a First-Year Primary-Source Research Program. Association of Research Libraries, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29242/brief.jhu2021.

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This practice brief describes the assessment project undertaken by the Sheridan Libraries at Johns Hopkins University as part of the library’s participation in ARL’s Research Library Impact Framework initiative to address the question “(How) do the library’s special collections specifically support and promote teaching, learning, and research?” The research team investigated how the Freshman Fellows experience impacted the fellows’ studies and co-curricular activities at the university. Freshmen Fellows, established in 2016, is a signature opportunity to expose students to primary-source collections early in their college career by pairing four fellows with four curators on individual research projects. The program graduated its first cohort of fellows in spring 2020. The brief includes a semi-structured interview guide, program guidelines, and a primary research rubric.
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Cooper, Danielle, and Katherine Klosek. Copyright and Streaming Audiovisual Content in the US Context. Ithaka S+R, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18665/sr.318118.

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Copyright law includes special rights for research and teaching, including the fair use right, which can help address gaps between the educational activities that technology facilitates and the exclusive rights copyright grants to authors. In this brief, we review how US copyright law currently applies to streaming content for educational and research purposes and explore the opportunities for academic libraries.
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Jacobson, C. E. Japanese Scientific and Technical Information Session -- Special Libraries Association Annual Conference (78th) Held in Anaheim, California on 10 June 1987: Selected Papers. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada188950.

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Keahava, N. Distance Metrics and Band Selection in Hyperspectral Processing with Applications to Material Identification and Spectral Libraries. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada409023.

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Zamir, Dani, and Steven Tanksley. Fine Mapping and Genetic Interactions of Nearly-Isogenic Allelic Series Representing Yield and Quality QTLs Derived from Wild Tomato Species. United States Department of Agriculture, July 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7586460.bard.

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Wild germplasm represents a rich source of QTLs capable of enhancing productivity of crop plants. Using the molecular linkage map of tomato in conjunction with novel population structures, we have identified QTLs from five Lycopersicon species that improve key yield and quality associated traits of processing tomatoes. In this research we employed multi-testing sites for fine mapping analysis of the different components of the affected traits combined with genetic interaction studies. Our results demonstrate that 'exotic libraries', which comprise of marker-defined genomic regions taken from wild species and introgressed onto the background of elite crop lines, provide an important opportunity for improving of the agricultural performance of modem crop varieties. Furthermore, we showed that these genetic resources can also serve as reagents for the discovery and characterization of genes that underlie traits of agricultural value. The results set the stage for using the QTLs in marker assisted programs and for applying map-based cloning of the targeted QTL/genes. The cloning of QTLs revealed genes that control pathways for agricultural yield in tomato that may be common for other crop species.
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Zhang, Hongbin, Shahal Abbo, Weidong Chen, Amir Sherman, Dani Shtienberg, and Frederick Muehlbauer. Integrative Physical and Genetic Mapping of the Chickpea Genome for Fine Mapping and Analysis of Agronomic Traits. United States Department of Agriculture, March 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7592122.bard.

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Chickpea is the third most important pulse crop in the world and ranks first in the Middle East; however, it has been subjected to only limited research in modern genomics. In the first period of this project (US-3034-98R) we constructed two large-insert BAC and BIBAC libraries, developed 325 SSR markers and mapped QTLs controlling ascochyta blight resistance (ABR) and days to first flower (DTF). Nevertheless, the utilities of these tools and results in gene discovery and marker-assisted breeding are limited due to the absence of an essential platform. The goals of this period of the project were to use the resources and tools developed in the first period of the project to develop a BAC/BIBAC physical map for chickpea and using it to identify BAC/BIBACcontigs containing agronomic genes of interest, with an emphasis on ABR and DTF, and develop DNA markers suitable for marker-assisted breeding. Toward these goals, we proposed: 1) Fingerprint ~50,000 (10x) BACs from the BAC and BIBAC libraries, assemble the clones into a genome-wide BAC/BIBAC physical map, and integrate the BAC/BIBAC map with the existing chickpea genetic maps (Zhang, USA); 2) fine-map ABR and DTFQTLs and enhance molecular tools for chickpea genetics and breeding (Shahal, Sherman and DaniShtienberg, Israel; Chen and Muehlbauer; USA); and 3) integrate the BAC/BIBAC map with the existing chickpea genetic maps (Sherman, Israel; Zhang and Chen, USA). For these objectives, a total of $460,000 was requested originally, but a total of $300,000 was awarded to the project. We first developed two new BAC and BIBAC libraries, Chickpea-CME and Chickpea- CHV. The chickpea-CMEBAC library contains 22,272 clones, with an average insert size of 130 kb and equivalent to 4.0 fold of the chickpea genome. The chickpea-CHVBIBAC library contains 38,400 clones, with an average insert size of 140 kb and equivalent to 7.5 fold of the chickpea genome. The two new libraries (11.5 x), along with the two BAC (Chickpea-CHI) and BIBAC (Chickpea-CBV) libraries (7.1 x) constructed in the first period of the project, provide libraries essential for chickpea genome physical mapping and many other genomics researches. Using these four libraries we then developed the proposed BAC/BIBAC physical map of chickpea. A total of 67,584 clones were fingerprinted, and 64,211 (~11.6 x) of the fingerprints validated and used in the physical map assembly. The physical map consists of 1,945 BAC/BIBACcontigs, with each containing an average of 39.2 clones and having an average physical length of 559 kb. The contigs collectively span ~1,088 Mb, being 1.49 fold of the 740- Mb chickpea genome. Third, we integrated the physical map with the two existing chickpea genetic maps using a total of 172 (124 + 48) SSR markers. Fourth, we identified tightly linked markers for ABR-QTL1, increased marker density at ABR-QTL2 and studied the genetic basis of resistance to pod abortion, a major problem in the east Mediterranean, caused by heat stress. Finally, we, using the integrated map, isolated the BAC/BIBACcontigs containing or closely linked to QTL4.1, QTL4.2 and QTL8 for ABR and QTL8 for DTF. The integrated BAC/BIBAC map resulted from the project will provide a powerful platform and tools essential for many aspects of advanced genomics and genetics research of this crop and related species. These includes, but are not limited to, targeted development of SNP, InDel and SSR markers, high-resolution mapping of the chickpea genome and its agronomic genes and QTLs, sequencing and decoding of all genes of the genome using the next-generation sequencing technology, and comparative genome analysis of chickpea versus other legumes. The DNA markers and BAC/BIBACcontigs containing or closely linked to ABR and DTF provide essential tools to develop SSR and SNP markers well-suited for marker-assisted breeding of the traits and clone their corresponding genes. The development of the tools and knowledge will thus promote enhanced and substantial genetic improvement of the crop and related legumes.
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Withers, Clare, Diana Dill, Jeanann Haas, Kathy Haines, and Berenika Webster. Library Impact Research Report: A Toolkit for Demonstrating and Measuring Impact of Primary Sources in Teaching and Learning. Association of Research Libraries, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29242/report.pitt2022b.

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As part of ARL’s Research Library Impact Framework initiative, a team from the University of Pittsburgh Library System addressed how special collections support teaching, learning, and research. This project developed a toolkit that allows measurement of impact of engagement with primary sources. The University of Pittsburgh (Pitt) initially worked with University of California, Irvine (UCI) to develop student learning outcomes based on the ACRL/RBMS–SAA Guidelines for Primary Source Literacy and used a logic model framework to identify three types of outcomes: initial (attainment of new skills and knowledge), intermediate (behavioral change), and long-term (change in status). Pitt studied two successive cohorts of their Archival Scholars Research Awards (ASRA), a semester-long undergraduate scholarship program that matches each student with a University of Pittsburgh Library System (ULS) librarian/archivist and a Pitt faculty mentor to engage in an in-depth research project. Next, Pitt refined, expanded, and tested the toolkit for use in class visits to assess student learning and archivist/librarian performance in supporting instructor learning goals. The mapping and assessment toolkit Pitt developed may be applied to teaching with primary sources across different disciplines and institutional settings.
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Morin, Shai, Gregory Walker, Linda Walling, and Asaph Aharoni. Identifying Arabidopsis thaliana Defense Genes to Phloem-feeding Insects. United States Department of Agriculture, February 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7699836.bard.

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The whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) is a serious agricultural pest that afflicts a wide variety of ornamental and vegetable crop species. To enable survival on a great diversity of host plants, whiteflies must have the ability to avoid or detoxify numerous different plant defensive chemicals. Such toxins include a group of insect-deterrent molecules called glucosinolates (GSs), which also provide the pungent taste of Brassica vegetables such as radish and cabbage. In our BARD grant, we used the whitefly B. tabaci and Arabidopsis (a Brassica plant model) defense mutants and transgenic lines, to gain comprehensive understanding both on plant defense pathways against whiteflies and whitefly defense strategies against plants. Our major focus was on GSs. We produced transgenic Arabidopsis plants accumulating high levels of GSs. At the first step, we examined how exposure to high levels of GSs affects decision making and performance of whiteflies when provided plants with normal levels or high levels of GSs. Our major conclusions can be divided into three: (I) exposure to plants accumulating high levels of GSs, negatively affected the performance of both whitefly adult females and immature; (II) whitefly adult females are likely to be capable of sensing different levels of GSs in their host plants and are able to choose, for oviposition, the host plant on which their offspring survive and develop better (preference-performance relationship); (III) the dual presence of plants with normal levels and high levels of GSs, confused whitefly adult females, and led to difficulties in making a choice between the different host plants. These findings have an applicative perspective. Whiteflies are known as a serious pest of Brassica cropping systems. If the differences found here on adjacent small plants translate to field situations, intercropping with closely-related Brassica cultivars could negatively influence whitefly population build-up. At the second step, we characterized the defensive mechanisms whiteflies use to detoxify GSs and other plant toxins. We identified five detoxification genes, which can be considered as putative "key" general induced detoxifiers because their expression-levels responded to several unrelated plant toxic compounds. This knowledge is currently used (using new funding) to develop a new technology that will allow the production of pestresistant crops capable of protecting themselves from whiteflies by silencing insect detoxification genes without which successful host utilization can not occur. Finally, we made an effort to identify defense genes that deter whitefly performance, by infesting with whiteflies, wild-type and defense mutated Arabidopsis plants. The infested plants were used to construct deep-sequencing expression libraries. The 30- 50 million sequence reads per library, provide an unbiased and quantitative assessment of gene expression and contain sequences from both Arabidopsis and whiteflies. Therefore, the libraries give us sequence data that can be mined for both the plant and insect gene expression responses. An intensive analysis of these datasets is underway. We also conducted electrical penetration graph (EPG) recordings of whiteflies feeding on Arabidopsis wild-type and defense mutant plants in order to determine the time-point and feeding behavior in which plant-defense genes are expressed. We are in the process of analyzing the recordings and calculating 125 feeding behavior parameters for each whitefly. From the analyses conducted so far we conclude that the Arabidopsis defense mutants do not affect adult feeding behavior in the same manner that they affect immatures development. Analysis of the immatures feeding behavior is not yet completed, but if it shows the same disconnect between feeding behavior data and developmental rate data, we would conclude that the differences in the defense mutants are due to a qualitative effect based on the chemical constituency of the phloem sap.
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Altstein, Miriam, and Ronald Nachman. Rationally designed insect neuropeptide agonists and antagonists: application for the characterization of the pyrokinin/Pban mechanisms of action in insects. United States Department of Agriculture, October 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7587235.bard.

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The general objective of this BARD project focused on rationally designed insect neuropeptide (NP) agonists and antagonists, their application for the characterization of the mechanisms of action of the pyrokinin/PBAN (PK-PBAN) family and the development of biostable, bioavailable versions that can provide the basis for development of novel, environmentally-friendly pest insect control agents. The specific objectives of the study, as originally proposed, were to: (i) Test stimulatory potencies of rationally designed backbone cyclic (BBC) peptides on pheromonotropic, melanotropic, myotropic and pupariation activities; (ii) Test the inhibitory potencies of the BBC compounds on the above activities evoked either by synthetic peptides (PBAN, LPK, myotropin and pheromonotropin) or by the natural endogenous mechanism; (iii) Determine the bioavailability of the most potent BBC compounds that will be found in (ii); (iv) Design, synthesize and examine novel PK/PBAN analogs with enhanced bioavailability and receptor binding; (v) Design and synthesize ‘magic bullet’ analogs and examine their ability to selectively kill cells expressing the PK/PBAN receptor. To achieve these goals the agonistic and antagonistic activities/properties of rationally designed linear and BBC neuropeptide (NP) were thoroughly studied and the information obtained was further used for the design and synthesis of improved compounds toward the design of an insecticide prototype. The study revealed important information on the structure activity relationship (SAR) of agonistic/antagonistic peptides, including definitive identification of the orientation of the Pro residue as trans for agonist activity in 4 PK/PBANbioassays (pheromonotropic, pupariation, melanotropic, & hindgut contractile) and a PK-related CAP₂b bioassay (diuretic); indications that led to the identification of a novel scaffold to develop biostbiostable, bioavailable peptidomimetic PK/PBANagonists/antagonists. The work led to the development of an arsenal of PK/PBAN antagonists with a variety of selectivity profiles; whether between different PKbioassays, or within the same bioassay between different natural elicitors. Examples include selective and non-selective BBC and novel amphiphilic PK pheromonotropic and melanotropic antagonists some of which are capable of penetrating the moth cuticle in efficacious quantities. One of the latter analog group demonstrated unprecedented versatility in its ability to antagonize a broad spectrum of pheromonotropic elicitors. A novel, transPro mimetic motif was proposed & used to develop a strong, selective PK agonist of the melanotropic bioassay in moths. The first antagonist (pure) of PK-related CAP₂b diuresis in flies was developed using a cisPro mimetic motif; an indication that while a transPro orientation is associated with receptor agonism, a cisPro orientation is linked with an antagonist interaction. A novel, biostablePK analog, incorporating β-amino acids at key peptidase-susceptible sites, exhibited in vivo pheromonotropic activity that by far exceeded that of PBAN when applied topically. Direct analysis of neural tissue by state-of-the-art MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry was used to identify specific PK/PK-related peptides native to eight arthropod pest species [house (M. domestica), stable (S. calcitrans), horn (H. irritans) & flesh (N. bullata) flies; Southern cattle fever tick (B. microplus), European tick (I. ricinus), yellow fever mosquito (A. aegypti), & Southern Green Stink Bug (N. viridula)]; including the unprecedented identification of mass-identical Leu/Ile residues and the first identification of NPs from a tick or the CNS of Hemiptera. Evidence was obtained for the selection of Neb-PK-2 as the primary pupariation factor of the flesh fly (N. bullata) among native PK/PK-related candidates. The peptidomic techniques were also used to map the location of PK/PK-related NP in the nervous system of the model fly D. melanogaster. Knowledge of specific PK sequences can aid in the future design of species specific (or non-specific) NP agonists/antagonists. In addition, the study led to the first cloning of a PK/PBAN receptor from insect larvae (S. littoralis), providing the basis for SAR analysis for the future design of 2ⁿᵈgeneration selective and/or nonselective agonists/antagonists. Development of a microplate ligand binding assay using the PK/PBAN pheromone gland receptor was also carried out. The assay will enable screening, including high throughput, of various libraries (chemical, molecular & natural product) for the discovery of receptor specific agonists/antagonists. In summary, the body of work achieves several key milestones and brings us significantly closer to the development of novel, environmentally friendly pest insect management agents based on insect PK/PBANNPs capable of disrupting critical NP-regulated functions.
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Chamovitz, Daniel, and Albrecht Von Arnim. Translational regulation and light signal transduction in plants: the link between eIF3 and the COP9 signalosome. United States Department of Agriculture, November 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7696515.bard.

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The COP9 signalosome (CSN) is an eight-subunit protein complex that is highly conserved among eukaryotes. Genetic analysis of the signalosome in the plant model species Arabidopsis thaliana has shown that the signalosome is a repressor of light dependent seedling development as mutant Arabidopsis seedlings that lack this complex develop in complete darkness as if exposed to light. These mutant plants die following the seedling stage, even when exposed to light, indicating that the COP9 signalosome also has a central role in the regulation of normal photomorphogenic development. The biochemical mode of action of the signalosome and its position in eukaryotic cell signaling pathways is a matter of controversy and ongoing investigation, and recent results place the CSN at the juncture of kinase signaling pathways and ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation. We have shown that one of the many CSN functions may relate to the regulation of translation through the interaction of the CSN with its related complex, eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF3). While we have established a physical connection between eIF3 subunits and CSN subunits, the physiological and developmental significance of this interaction is still unknown. In an effort to understand the biochemical activity of the signalosome, and its role in regulating translation, we originally proposed to dissect the contribution of "h" subunit of eIF3 (eIF3h) along the following specific aims: (i) Isolation and phenotypic characterization of an Arabidopsis loss-of-function allele for eIF3h from insertional mutagenesis libraries; (ii) Creation of designed gain and loss of function alleles for eIF3h on the basis of its nucleocytoplasmic distribution and its yeast-two-hybrid interactions with other eIF3 and signalosome partner proteins; (iii) Determining the contribution of eIF3h and its interaction with the signalosome by expressing specific mutants of eIF3h in the eIF3h- loss-of function background. During the course of the research, these goals were modified to include examining the genetic interaction between csn and eif3h mutations. More importantly, we extended our effort toward the genetic analysis of mutations in the eIF3e subunit, which also interacts with the CSN. Through the course of this research program we have made several critical scientific discoveries, all concerned with the apparent diametrically opposed roles of eIF3h and eIF3e. We showed that: 1) While eIF3e is essential for growth and development, eIF3h is not essential for growth or basal translation; 2) While eIF3e has a negative role in translational regulation, eIF3h is positively required for efficient translation of transcripts with complex 5' UTR sequences; 3) Over-accumulation of eIF3e and loss-of-function of eIF3h both lead to cop phenotypes in dark-grown seedlings. These results were published in one publication (Kim et al., Plant Cell 2004) and in a second manuscript currently in revision for Embo J. Are results have led to a paradigm shift in translation research – eIF3 is now viewed in all systems as a dynamic entity that contains regulatory subuits that affect translational efficiency. In the long-term agronomic outlook, the proposed research has implications that may be far reaching. Many important plant processes, including developmental and physiological responses to light, abiotic stress, photosynthate, and hormones operate in part by modulating protein translation [23, 24, 40, 75]. Translational regulation is slowly coming of age as a mechanism for regulating foreign gene expression in plants, beginning with translational enhancers [84, 85] and more recently, coordinating the expression of multiple transgenes using internal ribosome entry sites. Our contribution to understanding the molecular mode of action of a protein complex as fundamental as eIF3 is likely to lead to advances that will be applicable in the foreseeable future.
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