Academic literature on the topic 'Spatially open system'
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Journal articles on the topic "Spatially open system"
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Hennig, D., A. D. Burbanks, A. H. Osbaldestin, and C. Mulhern. "Transient-chaos induced directed transport in a spatially-open Hamiltonian system." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 43, no. 34 (July 21, 2010): 345101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/43/34/345101.
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Schlienger, Dominik, and Victor Khashchanskiy. "Immersive Spatial Interactivity in Sonic Arts: The Acoustic Localization Positioning System." Computer Music Journal 45, no. 2 (2021): 24–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/comj_a_00605.
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Abstract The Acoustic Localization Positioning System is the outcome of several years of participatory development with musicians and artists having a stake in sonic arts, collaboratively aiming for nonobtrusive tracking and indoors positioning technology that facilitates spatial interaction and immersion. Based on previous work on application scenarios for spatial reproduction of moving sound sources and the conception of the kinaesthetic interface, a tracking system for spatially interactive sonic arts is presented here. It is an open-source implementation in the form of a stand-alone application and associated Max patches. The implementation uses off-the-shelf, ubiquitous technology. Based on the findings of tests and experiments conducted in extensive creative workshops, we show how the approach addresses several technical problems and overcomes some typical obstacles to immersion in spatially interactive applications in sonic arts.
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Ackermann, Jörg, Thomas Kirner, and H. L. Klapp. "Complex Pattern Formation of Simple Biochemical Amplification Reactions in Micro-Structured Flow Reactors." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 61, no. 1-2 (February 1, 2006): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2006-1-209.
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We have studied the dynamics of a simple amplification reaction in micro-structured flow reactors. The autocatalytic amplification reaction A+R → 2A serves as a model to describe the fundamental properties of amplification systems in an open reaction chamber. A constant inflow of resources R feeds the reaction and an outflow keeps the total mass constant. A characterization of the system in a well stirred reaction chamber is presented by discussing the steady states of the system and their bifurcation properties. In the non-stirred case, where the species diffuse freely in a spatially extended chamber, numerical solutions of a reaction-diffusion equation describe the dynamic behavior of the system. It turns out that inhibition reactions and death terms, which are unavoidable in micro-structured reaction chambers, play an essential role in the behavior of the system. The rich dynamical behavior shows three fundamental properties of non-variational nonlinear open systems: temporal order, such as limit cycle oscillation, spatially periodic order, and complex spatial-temporal pattern formation. The results are of special interest for recent experiments with evolutionary molecular ecosystems in micro-structured flow reactors.
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Chang, Albert, Mei Si, Samuel Chabot, Jonathan Mathews, Tomek Strzalkowski, and Jonas Braasch. "A spatially-aware dialogue system for immersive classrooms." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 151, no. 4 (April 2022): A132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0010883.
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Dialogue systems have become a popular research medium as recent advances in task-oriented and open-domain systems combined with deep learning technologies have increased the potential for practical applications across many disciplines. One such vein of applications involves multi-modal dialogue systems deployed in interactive spaces that seek to provide an immersive experience for participants. This project proposes a combination of spatial awareness with a multi-modal, immersive dialogue system as a potential interactive medium to provide an additional layer of immersion. The system employs an array of audio/visual sensors that tracks participants within the interactive space. It responds contextually depending on the application and information domain, for example, by displaying and sonifying conversational agents at accurate spatial locations. The current application of this system involves Mandarin language learning in which the system will act as both a learning medium and conversation augmentation system to provide students with an immersive environment to learn a language and provide real-time feedback during the learning process. This project aims to provide insight into interactive spaces for education and general conversation applications, and demonstrate the capabilities of combining spatial awareness with a multi-modal dialogue system. [Work supported by NSF IIS-1909229, IBM GATOR, and CISL.]
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Deissler, Robert J. "Spatially growing waves, intermittency, and convective chaos in an open-flow system." Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena 25, no. 1-3 (March 1987): 233–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2789(87)90103-5.
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Yu, J., L. Wu, Y. Yang, X. Lei, and W. He. "Global Data Spatially Interrelate System for Scientific Big Data Spatial-Seamless Sharing." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-6 (April 23, 2014): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-6-125-2014.
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A good data sharing system with spatial-seamless services will prevent the scientists from tedious, boring, and time consuming work of spatial transformation, and hence encourage the usage of the scientific data, and increase the scientific innovation. Having been adopted as the framework of Earth datasets by Group on Earth Observation (GEO), Earth System Spatial Grid (ESSG) is potential to be the spatial reference of the Earth datasets. Based on the implementation of ESSG, SDOG-ESSG, a data sharing system named global data spatially interrelate system (GASE) was design to make the data sharing spatial-seamless. The architecture of GASE was introduced. The implementation of the two key components, V-Pools, and interrelating engine, and the prototype is presented. Any dataset is firstly resampled into SDOG-ESSG, and is divided into small blocks, and then are mapped into hierarchical system of the distributed file system in V-Pools, which together makes the data serving at a uniform spatial reference and at a high efficiency. Besides, the datasets from different data centres are interrelated by the interrelating engine at the uniform spatial reference of SDOGESSG, which enables the system to sharing the open datasets in the internet spatial-seamless.
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Duncan, J., K. P. Davies, A. Saipai, L. Vainikolo, N. Wales, R. Varea, E. Bruce, and B. Boruff. "AN OPEN-SOURCE MOBILE GEOSPATIAL PLATFORM FOR AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE MAPPING: A CASE STUDY OF WALL-TO-WALL FARM SYSTEMS MAPPING IN TONGA." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVIII-4/W1-2022 (August 5, 2022): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlviii-4-w1-2022-119-2022.
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Abstract. Pacific Island Countries (PICs) such as Tonga rely on services provided by agricultural landscapes to support livelihoods, economic activity, and food security. At the same time these landscapes face numerous pressures and risks from factors such as environmental, climate, and market changes. Accurate, spatially explicit, and timely datasets on agricultural systems is required for an array of land and agricultural management tasks. Here, the development of an open-source ICT system providing geospatial tools for landscape monitoring, developed in collaboration between geospatial researchers and Tonga’s Ministry of Agriculture, Food, and Forests (MAFF), is presented. The agile and iterative ICT for Development (ICT4D) framework used to elicit MAFF’s requirements for the ICT system is presented alongside the system architecture and case studies demonstrating its impact. A key goal of the ICT4D development process was to develop an ICT system to support MAFF from transitioning from infrequent, paper-based farm surveys to coordinated, large-team, spatially explicit digital surveying augmented by tools for analysis and reporting. The mature system architecture which includes QField and QFieldCloud, and new open-source geospatial components for spatial visualisation, analysis, and reporting is presented. Case studies where the mature tool was used by MAFF’s are presented and include: (1) how a large survey team captured spatial data for >11,000 farms for country-wide farm monitoring; and (2) how the tool informed MAFF’s landscape decision making including recovery efforts after the 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai volcano explosion. The success of the tool demonstrates the importance of stakeholder engagement and the great potential for open-source geospatial tools for landscape management and disaster response in PICs.
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Mattivi, Pietro, Salvatore Eugenio Pappalardo, Nebojša Nikolić, Luca Mandolesi, Antonio Persichetti, Massimo De Marchi, and Roberta Masin. "Can Commercial Low-Cost Drones and Open-Source GIS Technologies Be Suitable for Semi-Automatic Weed Mapping for Smart Farming? A Case Study in NE Italy." Remote Sensing 13, no. 10 (May 11, 2021): 1869. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13101869.
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Weed management is a crucial issue in agriculture, resulting in environmental in-field and off-field impacts. Within Agriculture 4.0, adoption of UASs combined with spatially explicit approaches may drastically reduce doses of herbicides, increasing sustainability in weed management. However, Agriculture 4.0 technologies are barely adopted in small-medium size farms. Recently, small and low-cost UASs, together with open-source software packages, may represent a low-cost spatially explicit system to map weed distribution in crop fields. The general aim is to map weed distribution by a low-cost UASs and a replicable workflow, completely based on open GIS software and algorithms: OpenDroneMap, QGIS, SAGA and OpenCV classification algorithms. Specific objectives are: (i) testing a low-cost UAS for weed mapping; (ii) assessing open-source packages for semi-automatic weed classification; (iii) performing a sustainable management scenario by prescription maps. Results showed high performances along the whole process: in orthomosaic generation at very high spatial resolution (0.01 m/pixel), in testing weed detection (Matthews Correlation Coefficient: 0.67–0.74), and in the production of prescription maps, reducing herbicide treatment to only 3.47% of the entire field. This study reveals the feasibility of low-cost UASs combined with open-source software, enabling a spatially explicit approach for weed management in small-medium size farmlands.
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Heinz, Carsten, Jaco Hofmann, Jens Korinth, Lukas Sommer, Lukas Weber, and Andreas Koch. "The TaPaSCo Open-Source Toolflow." Journal of Signal Processing Systems 93, no. 5 (May 2021): 545–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11265-021-01640-8.
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AbstractThe integration of FPGA-based accelerators into a complete heterogeneous system is a challenging task faced by many researchers and engineers, especially now that FPGAs enjoy increasing popularity as implementation platforms for efficient, application-specific accelerators for domains such as signal processing, machine learning and intelligent storage. To lighten the burden of system integration from the developers of accelerators, the open-source TaPaSCo framework presented in this work provides an automated toolflow for the construction of heterogeneous many-core architectures from custom processing elements, and a simple, uniform programming interface to utilize spatially distributed, parallel computation on FPGAs. TaPaSCo aims to increase the scalability and portability of FPGA designs through automated design space exploration, greatly simplifying the scaling of hardware designs and facilitating iterative growth and portability across FPGA devices and families. This work describes TaPaSCo with its primary design abstractions and shows how TaPaSCo addresses portability and extensibility of FPGA hardware designs for systems-on-chip. A study of successful projects using TaPaSCo shows its versatility and can serve as inspiration and reference for future users, with more details on the usage of TaPaSCo presented in an in-depth case study and a short overview of the workflow.
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Fleischer, Christian Etienne. "A data processing approach with built-in spatial resolution reduction methods to construct energy system models." Open Research Europe 1 (February 10, 2022): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.13420.2.
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Introduction: Data processing is a crucial step in energy system modelling which prepares input data from various sources into a format needed to formulate a model. Multiple open-source web-hosted databases offer pre-processed input data within the European context. However, the number of documented open-source data processing workflows that allow for the construction of energy system models with specified spatial resolution reduction methods is still limited. Methods: The first step of the data-processing method builds a dataset using web-hosted pre-processed data and open-source software. The second step aggregates the dataset using a specified spatial aggregation method. The spatially aggregated dataset is used as input data to construct sector-coupled energy system models. Results: To demonstrate the application of the data processing process, three power and heat optimisation models of Germany were constructed using the proposed data processing approach. Significant variation in generation, transmission and storage capacity of electricity were observed between the optimisation results of the energy system models. Conclusions: This paper presents a novel data processing approach to construct sector-coupled energy system models with integrated spatial aggregations methods.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Spatially open system"
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McCutcheon, D. P. S. "Open quantum systems in spatially correlated regimes." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2010. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/773234/.
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Almost all quantum systems are open; interactions with the surrounding environment generally lead to complex dissipative behaviour with a sensitive dependence on the details of the system-environment coupling. This thesis presents results from theoretical investigations into such behaviour in single and two-site quantum systems with a particular emphasis on strong system-environment coupling regimes, and also the effects of spatial correlations in the environment fluctuations. Within a weak system-environment coupling framework, it is found that an increased level of correlation is able to protect coherence shared between two spatially separated two-level quantum systems. Moreover, it is found that these correlations are in fact able to generate coherence between the two systems, and in certain regimes, cause the systems to become entangled. Using a polaron transform strong coupling master equation technique, the discussion is extended to the strong system-environment coupling or high temperature regime. To assess the validity of this approach in an experimentally relevant system, it is applied to the description of excitonic Rabi oscillations in a resonantly driven quantum dot. For most of the parameters of interest, the strong coupling theory is found to be valid over a far greater range of temperatures and coupling strengths than the standard weak-coupling theory. The coherent or incoherent nature of energy transfer dynamics is then studied by applying the strong coupling theory to a donor-acceptor pair model. Increased spatial correlations are found to extend the range of temperatures which allow coherent energy transfer to take place. Finally, a variational theory is introduced which allows for exploration of certain parameter regimes where both the weak-coupling and strong coupling theories become invalid. The variational theory is then used to investigate the ground state properties of a double two-level impurity model. High levels of spatial correlation are found to suppress the tunnelling amplitude within each impurity.
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ROSATI, ROBERTO. "Microscopic modeling of energy dissipation and decoherence in nanoscale materials and devices." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2599755.
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Primary goal of this thesis work is to develop and implement microscopic modeling strategies able to describe semiconductor-based nanomaterials and nanodevices, overcoming both the intrinsic limits of the semiclassical transport theory and the huge computational costs of non Markovian approaches.
The progressive reduction of modern optoelectronic devices space-scales, triggered by the evolution on semiconductor heterostructures at the nanoscale, together with the decrease of the typical time-scales involved, pushes device miniaturization toward limits where the application of the traditional Boltzmann transport theory becomes questionable, and a comparison with more rigorous quantum transport approaches is imperative. In spite of the quantum-mechanical nature of electron and photon dynamics in the core region of typical solid-state nanodevices, the overall behavior of such quantum systems is often governed by a highly non-trivial interplay between phase coherence and dissipation/dephasing. To this aim, the crucial step is to adopt a quantum mechanical description of the carrier subsystem; this can be performed at different levels, ranging from phenomenological dissipation/decoherence models to quantum-kinetic treatments. However, due to their high computational cost, non-Markovian Green’ s-function as well as density-matrix approaches like quantum Monte Carlo techniques or quantum-kinetics are currently unsuitable for the design and optimization of new-generation nanodevices. On the other end, the Wigner-function technique is a widely used approach which, in principle, is well suited to describe an interplay between coherence and dissipation: in fact it can be regarded both as a phase space formulation of the electronic density matrix and a quantum equivalent of the classical distribution function. The evolution of this quasi-distribution function is governed by the Wigner-equation, which is usually solved by applying local spatial boundary conditions. However, such a scheme has recently shown some intrinsic limits. In this thesis work we analyze both the reasons for these unphysical features –pointing out the needing of different and purely quantum approaches– and the limits in which they should not appear, thus justifying why these problems had not been encountered in numerous quantum-transport simulations based on this procedure.
For these reasons here we present a novel single-particle simulation strategy able to describe the interplay between coherence and dissipation/dephasing. In the presence of one- as well as two-body scattering mechanisms, we apply the mean-field approximation to the many-body Lindblad-type (hence, positive-definite) scattering superoperators provided by a recently proposed Markov approach, and we derive a closed equation of motion for the electronic single-particle density matrix. Although the resulting scattering superoperator turns out to be, at finite or high carrier densities, nonlinear and non-Lindblad, we prove that it is able to guarantee the positivity of the evolution (in striking contrast with conventional Markov approaches) independently of the scattering mechanisms, an essential prerequisite of any reliable kinetic treatment of semiconductor quantum devices; furthermore, it may be extended to the cases of quantum systems with open spatial boundaries (in this regard, it provides a formal derivation of a recently proposed Lindblad-like device-reservoir scattering superoperator). The proposed theoretical scheme is able, one the one hand, to recover the space-dependent Boltzmann equation and, on the other, to point out the regimes where a relevant role may be played by scattering-nonlocality effects, e.g. scattering-induced variations of the spatial charge-density which may not be provided by semiclassical treatments. Supplementing our analytical investigation with a number of simulated experiments in homogeneous as well as inhomogeneous GaN-based systems, we provide a rigorous treatment of scattering nonlocality in semiconductor nanostructures: in particular, we show how the scattering-nonlocality effects (i) are particularly significant in the presence of a carrier localization on the nanometric space scale, (ii) cause a speedup of the diffusion and (iii) in superlattice structures induce, with respect to scattering-free evolutions, a suppression of coherent oscillations between adjacent wells. These genuine quantum effects may be predicted also by other simplified treatments of the dissipation/decoherence like, e.g., the Relaxation Time Approximation: the latter however turns out to be, contrary to the proposed microscopic theoretical scheme, totally nonlocal, e.g. it is unable to recover the local character of the Boltzmann collision term in the semiclassical limit and it leads, especially for the case of quasielastic dissipation processes, to a significant overestimation of the diffusion speedup.
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Kuhl, Ellen. "Theory and numerics of open system continuum thermodynamics spatial and material settings /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=971440492.
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Kepoglu, Volkan Osman. "Development Of Free/libre And Open Source Spatial Data Analysis System Fully Coupled With Geographic Information System." Phd thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613163/index.pdf.
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Spatial Data Analysis (SDA) is relatively narrower and constitutes one of the areas of Spatial Analysis. Geographic Information System (GIS) offers a potentially valuable platform for supporting SDA techniques. Integration of SDA with GIS helps SDA to benefit from the data input, storage, retrieval, data manipulation and display capabilities of GIS. Also, GIS can benefit from SDA techniques in which the integration of these techniques can increase the analysis capabilities of GIS. This integration serves for disseminating and facilitating improved understanding of spatial phenomena.
How SDA techniques should be integrated with GIS arise the coupling problem. The complete integration of SDA techniques in GIS can be applied without the support of GIS vendor when the free/libre and open source software (FLOSS) development methodology is properly followed. This approach causes to interpret the coupling problem in a new way. This thesis aims to develop a fully coupled SDA with GIS in FLOSS environment. A fully coupled SDA in free GIS software as FLOSS system is developed by writing nearly 13,000 line Python code in 2.5 years. Usage of this system has reached to nearly 1600 unique visitors, 3000 visits and 8600 page views in two years.
As the current status of development in GIS is considered, it is unlikely in commercial market to have full coupled SDA techniques in GIS software. However, it is expected to have more SDA developments in proprietary GIS software in the near future as there is an increasing trend for requesting more sophisticated SDA tools.
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Mangiameli, Michele. "Navigation systems for autonomous robots based on open source gis technologies." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/1302.
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Man has always dreamed of building artificial beings, which take over tedious or dangerous tasks, with abilities of entertainment and subject to human commands. In everyday language, these artificial beings are called robots . Robots are characterized for the capability to act in the environment using a mechanical locomotion system and to interact with the objects present in the environment using a handling system , or a perceptive capacity to measure parameters relating to their internal state using proprioceptive sensors, and to measure external parameters, using exteroceptive sensors, and the capability to establish an intelligent link between perceptions and actions, using a control system that works taking into account the mechanical constraints of the robot with respect to those inside the environment.There are two fundamental aspects for mobile robotics: the estimation of the robot position in the operating environment and the robotic mapping to acquire spatial models of the physical environment.This aspect is very serious when the operating environment of the robot is unknown. The mapping problem is generally considered as one of the most important challenges in the pursuit of building truly autonomous mobile robots, because it requires the integration of information gathered by the robots sensors into a given representation. So the two central aspects in mapping are the representation of the environment and the interpretation of sensor data. To acquire a map and to estimate its position, a robot should be equipped with sensors that enable it to perceive the outside world. Common sensors usable for this task include cameras, range finders using sonar, laser, and infrared technologies, radar, tactile sensors, compasses, laser scanner and GPS for outdoor applications.The navigation of a robot in an environment for reaching a goal requires the solution of three tasks: mapping, localization, and path planning. In this PhD thesis is the management of the navigation for autonomous mobile robots in outdoor environments using geographic information systems. This technology can be seen as an extension of classical topography but uses advanced functionality for the management of any type of information as a reference spatial and temporal in software environment.The GIS environment has a layered architecture where the raster layer represents the cartographic base georeferenced with topographic algorithms. On the raster base, different vector layers are overlapped as sets of geometric primitives (points, lines, areas, surfaces and volumes) for the representation of real-world phenomena.
For this reason, the core of this PhD thesis is the development of a navigation system for autonomous robots based on the GIS technology using cartography and maps geo-referenced with the rigorous approach of geomatics to analyze the satellite positioning data detected by the robot and to manage its navigation accurately. In particular the thesis exploited desktop GIS platforms and developed webGis platforms using free and open source software for optimizing and customizing these platforms. For managing the navigation of the robot and the spatial data, an external spatial DBMS (DataBase Management System) was also developed with free and open source technologies.This PhD thesis aims at developing a navigation system for autonomous robots based on the GIS technology using cartography and maps geo-referenced with the rigorous approach of geomatics to analyze the satellite positioning data detected by the robot and to manage its navigation accurately. In particular, the thesis exploits desktop GIS platforms and develops webGis platforms using free and open source software for optimizing and customizing these platforms. For managing the navigation of the robot and the spatial data, an external spatial DBMS (DataBase Management System) has been also developed with free and open source technologies.
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Vladimir, Bulatović. "Model distribuiranja geopodataka u komunalnim sistemima." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Fakultet tehničkih nauka u Novom Sadu, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/NS20110514BULATOVIC.
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U radu su prikazani Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) web servisi, iz aspekta serverskih i klijentskih aplikacija. Analizirani su problemi razmene prostornih podataka u složenim sistemima sa naglaskom na komunalne službe gradova. Na osnovu analize razmene podataka, predložen je model koji unapređuje komunikaciju i pospešuje napredak celokupnog sistema implementacijom distribuiranih OGC web servisa. Predloženi model distribucije prostornih podataka može se primenjivati na sve složene sisteme, ali i unutar manjih sistema kao što su kompanije koje se sastoje iz više sektora ili podsistemaThe short review of the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) web services have been given in this work from the perspective of server and client applications. The problems of the exchange of spatial data in the complex systems as municipal service have been analysed. Based on analysis of data exchange, the model has been proposed to improve communication and progress of the whole system by implementing OGC web services. Described model of spatial data distribution can be applied to all complex systems, but also within smaller systems such as companies which consist of more sectors or subsystems.
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Manawadu, Erandika Oshan. "Development of the rural statistical sustainability framework tool." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2011. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/46257/1/Erandika_Manawadu_Thesis.pdf.
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It is important to promote a sustainable development approach to ensure that economic, environmental and social developments are maintained in balance. Sustainable development and its implications are not just a global concern, it also affects Australia. In particular, rural Australian communities are facing various economic, environmental and social challenges. Thus, the need for sustainable development in rural regions is becoming increasingly important. To promote sustainable development, proper frameworks along with the associated tools optimised for the specific regions, need to be developed. This will ensure that the decisions made for sustainable development are evidence based, instead of subjective opinions.
To address these issues, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), through an Australian Research Council (ARC) linkage grant, has initiated research into the development of a Rural Statistical Sustainability Framework (RSSF) to aid sustainable decision making in rural Queensland.
This particular branch of the research developed a decision support tool that will become the integrating component of the RSSF. This tool is developed on the web-based platform to allow easy dissemination, quick maintenance and to minimise compatibility issues. The tool is developed based on MapGuide Open Source and it follows the three-tier architecture: Client tier, Web tier and the Server tier. The developed tool is interactive and behaves similar to a familiar desktop-based application. It has the capability to handle and display vector-based spatial data and can give further visual outputs using charts and tables. The data used in this tool is obtained from the QUT research team. Overall the tool implements four tasks to help in the decision-making process. These are the Locality Classification, Trend Display, Impact Assessment and Data Entry and Update. The developed tool utilises open source and freely available software and accounts for easy extensibility and long-term sustainability.
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Gros, Jean-Baptiste. "Statistiques spatiales des cavités chaotiques ouvertes : applications aux cavités électromagnétiques." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE4150.
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Les chambres réverbérantes à brassage de modes (CRBM) utilisées dans l'industrie pour tester l'immunité ou la susceptibilité des systèmes électroniques embarqués (avion, automobile , smartphone,...) vis-à-vis des ondes électromagnétiques (EM) présentes dans leur environnement. Les CRBM doivent toutes répondre à un certain nombre de critères statistiques fixés par une norme internationale. Le critère principale étant l'obtention d'un champ statistiquement uniforme et isotrope autour de l'objet sous test. Afin améliorer et de mieux maîtriser les propriétés statistiques de ces systèmes pour des fréquences proches de leur fréquence minimale d'utilisation, nous proposons de les rendre chaotiques afin de profiter des propriétés statistiques universelles des résonances des cavités chaotiques. Nous commencerons par montrer comment rendre chaotique, par des modifications simples, des chambres réverbérantes conventionnelles, et comment étendre les prédictions de la théorie des matrices aléatoire appliquée (TMA) à l'hamiltonien effectif, permettant de décrire les systèmes chaotiques ouverts, au cas de systèmes décrits par des champs vectoriels. Ensuite, nous comparerons, au moyen de simulations et d’expériences, les distributions d'intensité et les fluctuations des maxima du champ EM dans une CRBM conventionnelle et dans une CR chaotique au voisinage de la fréquence minimale d’utilisation. Ce travail illustre que les propriétés statistiques spectrales et spatiales universelles des CR chaotiques permettent de mieux répondre aux critères exigés par la norme internationale pour réaliser des tests de compatibilité électromagnétiquesMode-stirred reverberation chambers (RC) are used in the industry to test the immunity or the susceptibility of on-board electronic systems (plane, automobile, smartphone) towards the electromagnetic waves present in their environment. Mode-stirred RCs have to comply with a number of statistical criteria fixed by international standards. The chief criterion relies on a statistically uniform and isotropic field around the object under test. In order to improve and master the statistical properties of these systems for frequencies close to their lowest useable frequency, we suggest making them chaotic to take advantage of universal statistical properties of the resonances of chaotic cavities. We first show how to make chaotic RCs by simple modifications of a conventional RC and how to extend the predictions of the random matrix theory applied to the effective hamiltonien describing the open chaotic systems, to the case of vectorial fields. Then, we compare, by means of simulations and experiments, the distributions of intensity and the fluctuations of the maxima of the field in a conventional RC and in a chaotic RC close to the lowest useable frequency. This work illustrates that the universal spectral and spatial statistical properties of chaotic RCs allow to better comply with the criteria required by the international standards
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Dyess, William W. Jr, Benjamin M. Shirley, and Wiley J. Robinson. "THE NEXT GENERATION OF TELEMETERING REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AIR FORCE SEEK EAGLE PROGRAM." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/607291.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 25-28, 1999 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaThe Air Force SEEK EAGLE Office (AFSEO) was chartered by the Secretary of the Air Force in December 1987. The mission of the AFSEO is to provide the United States Air Force increased combat capability through central management of the aircraft-stores certification process and provide in-house engineering and operations research capabilities. Additionally, the AFSEO is required to ensure the future viability of the aircraft-stores organic in-house capability with the insertion of evolving technologies. To accomplish this mission, the AFSEO employs all phases of the test process; from Digital Model and Simulation (DMS) to Open Air Range (OAR) flight tests. The AFSEO desires to prepare for the future DoD environment, and minimize the cost of developing its products that require advanced sensors and telemetry capability. For a number of years, a mainstay in the process has been instrumented aircraft. These aircraft were specially instrumented to support the mission of AFSEO. Similarly, stores were instrumented to obtain environmental data such as loads and vibration. With the rising cost of instrumentation and the national DoD trend to reduce the cost of development and maintenance of instrumentation, a new method will need to be found. Several advanced concepts in ground and airborne instrumentation at Eglin AFB are needed to support the mission of the AFSEO. These include a new generation of telemetry devices, sensors, and data acquisition components to provide rapid and cost effective instrumentation of test aircraft, stores, and suspension equipment. The new generation telemetry will provide integrated circuitry with “peel and stick” subminiature telemetry sensors. These telemetry sensors will provide flutter and structural loads data for aircraft-stores combinations. In conjunction with the telemetry sensors, advanced aircraft platform instrumentation will be needed to match precision flight mechanics to the spatial telemetry measurements for stress, strain, and dynamic activity of stores.
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Brivio, D. "A NOVEL SOURCE OF ENTANGLED STATES FOR QUANTUM INFORMATION APPLICATIONS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/168722.
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Photonic entanglement sources are nowadays of central interest in the scientific landscape for their demonstrated applications in quantum information, computation and communication. Required features for a real implementation are obviously high brigthness and purity, but also a precise control of decoherence processes during propagation and the use of many degrees of freedom to enhance the amount of information carried.
We developed a new photonic entangled source based on parametric down-conversion within two type-I crystals in a non collinear configuration.
A first peculiarity of such source is the very broad angular and spectral distribution exploited. In this way we obtained high brightness even using low pump power. A second peculiarity is the coupling of the source with a Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) allowing the compensation of intrinsic phase term which naturally reduces the state purity till about 0.5. Coupling 10 mrad on both channel, we obtained a purity of about 0.97 with a spectrum
of 10 nm, and a purity around 0.90 with more than 60 nm.
Starting from such purified source we also realized multi-qubit cluster states exploiting the angular degree of freedom (d.o.f.) of the photons. Here the SLM acts as a C-phase gate entangling polarization and momentum qubits. Furthermore we exploited signal-idler angular correlation to demonstrate the ghost imaging of a pure phase object and we realized a new cryptographic protocol based on non-local phase objects superposition.
Our source has also paved the way in simulating system-environment interaction since the SLM allows precise decoherence control. We observed
different dynamics of the system entanglement (polarization d.o.f.) modulating the environment spectrum (angular distribution). Then studying the trace distance evolution we demonstrated initial system-environment correlation.
Books on the topic "Spatially open system"
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1963-, Dragićević Suzana, Hall, G. Brent (George Brent), Leahy Michael G, and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Open Source Approaches in Spatial Data Handling. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2008.
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Kuhl, Ellen. Theory and numerics of open system continuum thermodynamics: Spatial and material settings. Kaiserslautern: Techn. Univ., 2004.
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Standardization, International Organization for. Space data and information transfer systems--: Open archival information system-- reference model = Syst`emes de transfert des informations et données spatiales-- système ouvert d'archivage de l'information-- modèle de référence. Geneva: ISO, 2003.
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Saiz, Francisco Javier Marcos. La Prehistoria Reciente del entorno de la Sierra de Atapuerca (Burgos, España):: Catálogo de sitios del VI al II milenio cal. BC, análisis tecno-tipológico de las industrias líticas y cerámicas, y organización funcional del poblamiento. BAR International Series 2798. Oxford (England, U.K.): British Archaeological Reports, 2016.
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Sáiz, Francisco Javier Marcos. La Sierra de Atapuerca y el Valle del Arlanzón. Patrones de asentamiento prehistóricos. Burgos (Spain): Editorial Dossoles, 2006.
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Hall, Brent, Various, and Michael G. Leahy. Open Source Approaches in Spatial Data Handling. Springer, 2010.
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Harris, Norman Rex. Spatial patterns of tree effects on pasture production in open canopied agroforests. 1998.
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Saha, Kakoli, and Yngve K. øyen. Learning GIS Using Open Source Software: An Applied Guide for Geo-Spatial Analysis. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.
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Saha, Kakoli, and Yngve K. Frøyen. Learning GIS Using Open Source Software: An Applied Guide for Geo-Spatial Analysis. Routledge, 2021.
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Saha, Kakoli, and Yngve K. øyen. Learning GIS Using Open Source Software: An Applied Guide for Geo-Spatial Analysis. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Spatially open system"
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Saha, Kakoli, and Yngve K. Frøyen. "Spatial referencing system." In Learning GIS Using Open Source Software, 26–42. London: Routledge India, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003056928-3.
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Liggett, Thomas M. "Nearest particle systems: Results and open problems." In Stochastic Spatial Processes, 200–215. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0076250.
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Di, Liping, and Eugene G. Yu. "Spatial Search." In Urban Informatics, 683–99. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8983-6_37.
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AbstractUrban studies concern the evolution of spatial structure in cities, where information is often tied to location. The discovery of information is in a high-dimensional space based on spatial and temporal dimensions, where the spatial relationships of components play roles in studying urban evolution. Spatial search in urban studies has to deal with diverse aspects of data structures (structured versus unstructured), data spatial context (implicit versus explicit), data spatial relationships (containment versus intersection), data volume (large volume versus large variety), spatial search speed (speed against different requirements), and spatial search accuracy (exactness versus relevance). This chapter reviews the technology in mining and extracting spatial information into urban geographic information systems, spatially indexing the urban information for effective spatially aware search, spatial relationships and their search algorithms, improving spatial relevance with different spatial similarity measures and algorithms, and open standards and interoperability in spatial search in the Web environment. Emerging technologies for spatial search in urban studies are also reviewed. Applications of spatial search in urban studies are exemplified and evaluated.
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Commendatore, Pasquale, Christoph Hammer, Ingrid Kubin, and Carmelo Petraglia. "Policy Issues in NEG Models: Established Results and Open Questions." In The Economy as a Complex Spatial System, 13–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65627-4_2.
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de Fernandes Vasconcelos, Pedro Arthur, Wensttay de Sousa Alencar, Victor Hugo da Silva Ribeiro, Natarajan Ferreira Rodrigues, and Fabio de Gomes Andrade. "Enabling Spatial Queries in Open Government Data Portals." In Electronic Government and the Information Systems Perspective, 64–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64248-2_6.
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Kintu, Ingrid M., and Henry N. N. Bulley. "Youth Engagement and Participation in Mitigating Perennial Flooding in Kampala, Uganda Using Open Geospatial Data." In Sustainable Development Goals Series, 209–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05182-1_18.
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AbstractIngraining spatial thinking for problem-solving is critical for future decision makers and leaders. We argue that the use of open geospatial data and technology makes it easier to understand the interconnections between places and many socioecological issues facing communities. This facilitates openness to adopt the methods and strategies needed to make our communities and the world at large a better place as envisaged by UN-SDG 11. This case of two informal human settlements Uganda features low-lying areas with mostly slum conditions and urban poor migrants who settled there from rural communities in search of better livelihoods. YouthMappers documented conditions of drainage systems that impact flood vulnerability. We highlight important lessons in collaborating with local humanitarian organizations to spatially conceptualize development-related activities for underprivileged communities in a context that resonates with local people.
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Skubalska-Rafajłowicz, Ewa. "Open-Set Face Classification for Access Monitoring Using Spatially-Organized Random Projections." In Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management, 166–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99954-8_15.
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Picinali, Lorenzo, and Brian F. G. Katz. "System-to-User and User-to-System Adaptations in Binaural Audio." In Sonic Interactions in Virtual Environments, 115–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04021-4_4.
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AbstractThis chapter concerns concepts of adaption in a binaural audio context (i.e. headphone-based three-dimensional audio rendering and associated spatial hearing aspects), considering first the adaptation of the rendering system to the acoustic and perceptual properties of the user, and second the adaptation of the user to the rendering quality of the system. We start with an overview of the basic mechanisms of human sound source localisation, introducing expressions such as localisation cues and interaural differences, and the concept of the Head-Related Transfer Function (HRTF), which is the basis of most 3D spatialisation systems in VR. The chapter then moves to more complex concepts and processes, such as HRTF selection (system-to-user adaptation) and HRTF accommodation (user-to-system adaptation). State-of-the-art HRTF modelling and selection methods are presented, looking at various approaches and at how these have been evaluated. Similarly, the process of HRTF accommodation is detailed, with a case study employed as an example. Finally, the potential of these two approaches are discussed, considering their combined use in a practical context, as well as introducing a few open challenges for future research.
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Vancauwenberghe, Glenn, and Bastiaan van Loenen. "Exploring the Emergence of Open Spatial Data Infrastructures: Analysis of Recent Developments and Trends in Europe." In Integrated Series in Information Systems, 23–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59442-2_2.
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Feitosa, Fillipe Oliveira, Jan-Hendrik Wolf, and João Lourenço Marques. "Spatial Justice Models: An Exploratory Analysis on Fair Distribution of Opportunities." In Computational Science and Its Applications – ICCSA 2021, 674–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86960-1_51.
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AbstractEquity, fairness, and justice are related concepts widely discussed in several areas of study but remain an open field in terms of spatial justice and support decision systems application. Uneven spatial development have shown a tendency to amplify social inequalities alongside territories. To better understand the spatial configuration and spatial distribution of resources for different social groups, multiple objective criteria can be used to formulate optimal resource allocation. This work discusses spatial justice by utilitarianism and Rawlsian difference principle perspectives to formulate two models based on facility location problem (FLP) framework. Assuming the proximity to a desired opportunity (service or resource) as a measure of wellbeing and satisfaction, we weight the distances to the nearest facility by a social factor based on exponential function. Optimization results tend to favor outliers for weighted FLP, while the regular distances FLP formulation tend to favor heavy urban areas. We found that results are heavy context based, as the distribution of social groups are determinant in optimization process.
Conference papers on the topic "Spatially open system"
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Jelenković, B. M., D. Arsenović, Z. Grujić, M. Radonjić, and M. Mijailović. "Open system CPT with spatially separated pump and probe beams." In 15th International School on Quantum Electronics: Laser Physics and Applications, edited by Tanja Dreischuh, Elena Taskova, Ekaterina Borisova, and Alexander Serafetinides. SPIE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.822450.
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Ibanga, Obot, and Otabo-Olubo Ehiane. "Geospatial Assessment of e-Learning Preparedness in Nigerian Educational System: A Case of Secondary Schools." In Tenth Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning. Commonwealth of Learning, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/pcf10.9534.
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This paper deployed geospatial techniques in mapping e-learning preparedness index (EPI) of Secondary Schools across 37 States in Nigeria. Dataset of three e-learning factors (EFs) specifically technology, infrastructure and human capital disaggregated into six indicators namely: teachers’ computer literacy (TCL), teachers’ educational qualification (TEQ), power availability (PA), computer access (CA), laboratory availability (ALab) and library availability (ALib) were sourced from Nigeria Bureau of Statistics’ archive. Simple percentages and map algebraic algorithm in ArcGIS 10.8 Software with weights of 0.226 for CA, PA (0.225), TCL (0.220), TEQ (0.218), ALab (0.192) and ALib (0.008) generated from principal component analysis varimax rotation component score coefficients in SPSS 22 constituted the main analytical frameworks. The finding showed that about 70.89% variations in EFs were explained by the first component. Spatially, 8 States were ranked Very High (EPI = 0.78 - 0.92) and 10 States ranked High (EPI = 0.71 - 0.78). Besides, 6 States ranked Moderate (EPI = 0.64 - 0.71); 7 States ranked Low (EPI = 0.56 - 0.64) while; 6 States ranked Very Low (EPI = 0.42 - 0.56) as seen in the attached model. The findings offer stakeholders priceless opportunities for knowledgeable policy decisions to heighten e-learning in the country.
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Ebrahimi, M., and R. Whalley. "Power Transmission System Modeling." In ASME 2005 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2005-84307.
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The modeling of mechanical power transmission systems comprising rotors, shafts and bearing assemblies will be considered. Spatially dispersed elements, with significant distributed inertia and stiffness characteristics, will be included in the system descriptions. Relatively concentrated units will be modeled using conventional lumped parameter techniques. Compact, accurate analytical models in impedance and admittance form will be derived enabling the investigation of the combined distributed-lumped system’s, torsional response dynamics. The performance of the system under open and closed -loop conditions will be illustrated via computer studies. Typical mechanical drive application will be presented.
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Otsuka, Kenju, and Kensuke Ikeda. "Global Chaos in a Discrete Time-Dependent Complex Ginzburg-Landau Equation." In Nonlinear Dynamics in Optical Systems. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nldos.1990.oc570.
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Spatiotemporal behavior of spatially distributed nonequilibrium systems is a crucial problem in complex dynamics. In particular, in high-dimensional chaotic systems, different solutions (spatial structures) coexist in the stationary state. The important fundamental question then arises: What kind of spatiotemporal behavior takes place when coexisting equilibria (patterns) become dynamically unstable? We have investigated this general issue for years, and recently discovered self-induced switching between coexisting attractor ruins by an internally created chaotic force, i.e., chaotic itinerancy, in some high-dimensional chaotic systems including a coupled bistable chain1, multimode Maxwell-Bloch2 and spatially-coupled laser systems.3 The essential common requirements for this phenomenon have been found to be ’coupling’ between elements and ’on-site nonlinearity’. This fact inspired us to investigate a simple model system, the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau (TDGL) equation system, which includes complex coupling and nonlinearity in a general fashion.4 TDGL has been extensively investigated to understand turbulent phenomena in spatially extended nonequilibrium systems. However, attention has been focused on the behavior around the localized equilibrium, and interplay between coexisting equilibria has been left an open question. In this paper, we discuss a discrete TDGL equation with complex coupling coefficients under the periodic boundary condition, which expresses spatiotemporal dynamics of a one- dimensional looped nonlinear oscillator chain, e.g., lasers. We investigate its spatiotemporal dynamics, paying special attention to the interplay between local chaos around coexisting equilibria and the scenario leading to global chaos, which is expected to result from the connection between local chaotic orbits.
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Memeti, Vali, Calvin Barnes, Kevin Werts, Louis Oppenheim, Melissa Chambers, and Katie Ardill. "AS OPEN-SYSTEM AS IT GETS: LONG-LIVED AND SPATIALLY EXTENSIVE MAGMA MIXING, FRACTIONAL CRYSTALLIZATION, AND MELT LOSS DURING MAGMA FOCUSING IN THE TUOLUMNE INTRUSION, SIERRA NEVADA BATHOLITH, CA." In GSA Connects 2021 in Portland, Oregon. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2021am-371273.
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Fries, Clemens, and Bernhard Manhartsgruber. "Dynamics of Transmission Line Junctions: Comparison of CFD Results Against Measurements." In 8th FPNI Ph.D Symposium on Fluid Power. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fpni2014-7812.
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Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has become a valuable tool in the development of fluid power components due to its ability to model flows in complex geometries where simple analytical models are difficult to apply. The downside of CFD is the high computational cost of the method which prevents the application to whole fluid power systems. However, large parts of such systems can usually be modelled by more simple approaches like transmission line modelling. A coupled approach for a simple transmission line system is shown in this paper: Cylindrical parts of the flow domain are modelled with a spatially one-dimensional transmission line model augmented with frequency-dependent friction. The geometrically more complex intersections of cylindrical geometries like elbow joints and T-junctions are treated with a CFD solver in the Open-FOAM system. The simulation results from this coupled model are compared against a set of measurements from a test rig for elbow joints where cylindrical transmission line sections are connected at an angle of 90 degrees.
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Pelosi, Antony W. "Model Command – Spatial Comprehension of 3D Digital Environments." In CAADRIA 2013: Open Systems. CAADRIA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2013.417.
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Coorey, Benjamin P., and Julie R. Jupp. "A Schema for Capturing and Comparing Parametric Spatial Data." In CAADRIA 2013: Open Systems. CAADRIA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2013.509.
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Bhattacharjee, Biddut, and Homayoun Najjaran. "Modeling and Simulation of Unequal Droplet Splitting in Electrowetting Based Digital Microfluidics." In ASME 2011 9th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2011-58260.
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Electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) is a highly efficient technology to perform biological and medical analyses through the manipulation of pico- to nano-liter droplets on digital microfluidic systems (DMS). Droplet splitting is one of the basic fluidic operations that play a vital role in microscale mixing and concentration control. This paper presents the results of numerical investigation of unequal droplet splitting. In order to gain insight into the mechanism of droplet splitting, a three-electrode splitting system is simulated in FLOW-3D® for given geometry and material properties. When unequal voltages are applied to the adjacent electrodes on both sides of a droplet the distribution of electric field exerts spatially varying stress causing the deformation of the interface. The resulting unequal fluid flow rates towards the activated electrodes are determined by the coupled electro-hydrodynamics. The results of multiple simulation runs in terms of liquid flow rates with different ratios of the applied voltage will be very useful in developing the open-loop model of droplet splitting that can be later adopted to design a controller for unequal splitting in DMS.
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Lively, Jeffrey W. "The Art and Power of Data Imaging." In ASME 2013 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2013-96256.
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Data imaging and visual data assessment are veritable gold mines in the scientist’s quest to understand and accurately interpret numerical data. Graphical displays of various aspects of a dataset offer the analyst insight to the data that no mathematical computation or statistic can provide. It is difficult, at best, for even a skilled and observant statistician to understand the underlying structure of a dataset. Often, there is either too little data to get a good “picture” of the structure that might be present or there is so much data that one cannot readily assimilate it. Of course, the latter problem (too much data) is, in reality, no problem at all given the abilities of modern computers and software systems to manage large amounts of data. Advances in computer technology and the advent of the global positioning satellite system have enabled scientists from many fields of endeavor to collect and view data in its spatial context. Visual images constructed from spatially referenced data reveal the inherent richness and structure in the data and lead to more informed conclusions. So powerful is data collected with spatial context that a relatively new branch of mathematical statistics, geospatial statistics, has emerged. Geospatial statistics seek to exploit this context rich data form to better understand the spatial and co-relationships that might exist, but would be otherwise hidden in tabular data or obscured with classic statistical approaches. This paper (and accompanying presentation) will show the power that visual data assessment possesses to understand radiological scanning data and to make confident and accurate decisions based on the data images. It will challenge the traditional mathematical concept of detection limits for scanning. It will demonstrate that more data, even if the individual datum comprising the dataset is of “poorer quality” (i.e., has a larger uncertainty and, thus, a larger calculated minimum detection value), is significantly more powerful than a smaller dataset comprised of higher quality measurements. This presentation will cause the open-minded health physicist to rethink how they prescribe, collect, evaluate, and make decisions based upon radiological scan data.
Reports on the topic "Spatially open system"
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Cowell, Chandler, Michael P. Gallaher, Justin Larson, and Aaron Schwartz. The Potential for SolarPowered Groundwater Irrigation in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Exploratory Analysis. RTI Press, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2022.op.0079.2211.
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This study considers existing off-grid initiatives that are being implemented in support of more rapid electrification in sub-Saharan Africa. After first reviewing the successes and obstacles of commonly implemented off-grid solutions, we suggest groundwater irrigation powered via off-grid solar (OGS) systems as a productivity-focused electrification solution that could be valuable to off-grid development initiatives moving forward. This solution encourages the establishment of OGS pumping infrastructure in unelectrified areas in proximity to nonirrigated agriculture that have promising and sustainable groundwater abstraction potential. Using open-access spatial data to estimate the alignment of these resources is an important first step in determining potential study sites for on-the-ground research and pilot projects. This study focuses on applying the above approach to Ethiopia to produce a spatial layer representing areas that are recommended for further assessment of their OGS groundwater irrigation viability. We follow the spatial analysis with a projection of potential gains from investment in OGS groundwater pumping systems under different scenarios to highlight the solution’s viability with regional context. This assessment provides an initial methodology for identifying, examining, and expanding upon potential markets where OGS irrigation can become an economically viable solution.
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O'Neill, H. B., S. A. Wolfe, and C. Duchesne. Ground ice map of Canada. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/330294.
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This Open File presents national-scale mapping of ground ice conditions in Canada. The mapping depicts a first-order estimate of the combined volumetric percentage of excess ice in the top 5 m of permafrost from segregated, wedge, and relict ice. The estimates for the three ice types are based on modelling by O'Neill et al. (2019) (https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-753-2019), and informed by available published values of ground ice content and expert knowledge. The mapping offers an improved depiction of ground ice in Canada at a broad scale, incorporating current knowledge on the associations between geological and environmental conditions and ground ice type and abundance. It provides a foundation for hypothesis testing related to broad-scale controls on ground ice formation, preservation, and melt. Additional compilation of quantitative field data on ground ice and improvements to national-scale surficial geology mapping will allow further assessment and refinement of the representation of ground ice in Canada. Continued research will focus on improving the lateral and vertical representation of ground ice required for incorporation into Earth system models and decision-making. Spatial data files of the mapping are available as downloads with this Open File.
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Mort, A. Controls on the distribution and composition of gas and condensate in the Montney resource play. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329790.
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The Montney resource play has evolved from a peripheral conventional play to one of the most important hydrocarbon-producing unconventional resource plays in North America and has remained resilient throughout the economic challenges of recent years. Despite maturing as a resource play as a result of more than 15 years of unconventional development and research there are still aspects of the play that are not fully de-risked and prediction of fluid quality remains haphazard due to the complex interplay of geological and engineering factors. Among these are the delineation of structural and stratigraphic barriers and conduits, identification of enigmatic source rocks, which defy traditional methods, evaluating effects of fluid migration and the difficulty in predicting phase behavior in a tight, but open system. This study uses a combined approach leveraging geochemical tools combined with spatial and stratigraphic analysis in an attempt to improve current understanding of these issues.
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Huntley, D., D. Rotheram-Clarke, R. Cocking, J. Joseph, and P. Bobrowsky. Current research on slow-moving landslides in the Thompson River valley, British Columbia (IMOU 5170 annual report). Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331175.
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Interdepartmental Memorandum of Understanding (IMOU) 5170 between Natural Resources Canada (NRCAN), the Geological Survey of Canada (GSC) and Transport Canada Innovation Centre (TC-IC) aims to gain new insight into slow-moving landslides, and the influence of climate change, through testing conventional and emerging monitoring technologies. IMOU 5107 focuses on strategically important sections of the national railway network in the Thompson River valley, British Columbia (BC), and the Assiniboine River valley along the borders of Manitoba (MN) and Saskatchewan (SK). Results of this research are applicable elsewhere in Canada (e.g., the urban-rural-industrial landscapes of the Okanagan Valley, BC), and around the world where slow-moving landslides and climate change are adversely affecting critical socio-economic infrastructure. Open File 8931 outlines landslide mapping and changedetection monitoring protocols based on the successes of IMOU 5170 and ICL-IPL Project 202 in BC. In this region, ice sheets, glaciers, permafrost, rivers and oceans, high relief, and biogeoclimatic characteristics contribute to produce distinctive rapid and slow-moving landslide assemblages that have the potential to impact railway infrastructure and operations. Bedrock and drift-covered slopes along the transportation corridors are prone to mass wasting when favourable conditions exist. In high-relief mountainous areas, rapidly moving landslides include rock and debris avalanches, rock and debris falls, debris flows and torrents, and lahars. In areas with moderate to low relief, rapid to slow mass movements include rockslides and slumps, debris or earth slides and slumps, and earth flows. Slow-moving landslides include rock glaciers, rock and soil creep, solifluction, and lateral spreads in bedrock and surficial deposits. Research efforts lead to a better understanding of how geological conditions, extreme weather events and climate change influence landslide activity along the national railway corridor. Combining field-based landslide investigation with multi-year geospatial and in-situ time-series monitoring leads to a more resilient railway national transportation network able to meet Canada's future socioeconomic needs, while ensuring protection of the environment and resource-based communities from landslides related to extreme weather events and climate change. InSAR only measures displacement in the east-west orientation, whereas UAV and RTK-GNSS change-detection surveys capture full displacement vectors. RTK-GNSS do not provide spatial coverage, whereas InSAR and UAV surveys do. In addition, InSAR and UAV photogrammetry cannot map underwater, whereas boat-mounted bathymetric surveys reveal information on channel morphology and riverbed composition. Remote sensing datasets, consolidated in a geographic information system, capture the spatial relationships between landslide distribution and specific terrain features, at-risk infrastructure, and the environmental conditions expected to correlate with landslide incidence and magnitude. Reliable real-time monitoring solutions for critical railway infrastructure (e.g., ballast, tracks, retaining walls, tunnels, and bridges) able to withstand the harsh environmental conditions of Canada are highlighted. The provision of fundamental geoscience and baseline geospatial monitoring allows stakeholders to develop robust risk tolerance, remediation, and mitigation strategies to maintain the resilience and accessibility of critical transportation infrastructure, while also protecting the natural environment, community stakeholders, and Canadian economy. We propose a best-practice solution involving three levels of investigation to describe the form and function of the wide range of rapid and slow-moving landslides occurring across Canada that is also applicable elsewhere. Research activities for 2022 to 2025 are presented by way of conclusion.