Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Spatial regulations'
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Toriro, Percy M. "Food production, processing and retailing through the lens of spatial planning legislation and regulations in Zimbabwe: evidence from Epworth." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Science, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30336.
Full textRamblado, Carcenac Carole. "Reponses choroidiennes en microgravite reelle (vol spatial), simulee (suspension anti-orthostatique) et en hypergravite : regulations impliquant le recepteur 5-ht 2 c." Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066206.
Full textEriksson, Sara. "Landsbygdsutveckling i strandnära lägen : En studie av LIS som planeringsverktyg i Norrbotten." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för geografi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-185813.
Full textPeyker, Anna. "Spatial regulation of Ras activity." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=980142636.
Full textSmith, Elizabeth M. "Spatial and temporal regulation of IL4Rα expression." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3117.
Full textIn this study, we generated a new mouse model, which allows both inducible and cell-specific deletion and reconstitution of IL-IL4Rα expression. This model has the potential to add a new dimension to our understanding of IL4Rα biology. This has been achieved by using the established Tet System (Goosen and Bujard, 1992) where the crossing of two complementary transgenic mouse lines enable the generation of the final double transgenic model. The first line expresses the transactivator, tTA, from the Tet-Off expression cassette driven by the Vav hemapoeitic specific promoter (Wiesner et al., 2005).
Margrain, Thomas Hengist. "Recovery of spatial vision following intense light adaptation." Thesis, City University London, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.264755.
Full textBird, Sarah Anne. "Spatial Regulation of MT1-MMP in Epithelial Cells." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.487203.
Full textWilfling, Florian. "The spatial organization and regulation of triacylglycerol synthesis." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-170796.
Full textZhang, Yang. "A visualization interface for spatial pathway regulation data." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-237741.
Full textDatavisualisering är en viktig del av bioinformatik. Spatial transkriptomik (ST) är en metod som mäter transkriptom, samtidigt som den behåller spatial information. Biologiskapathways å andrasidan fokuserar på biokemiska reaktioner som sker inom organismer. Dessa studier genererar mycket data, och denna avhandling försöker att kombinera ST-data med pathway information och få en intuitiv visualisering av det integrerade datat.I avhandlingen användes Python för att integrera datat och JavaScript bibliotek för attbygga visualiseringsverktyget. Avhandlingen resulterade i en metod för att integrera STdata och pathway information, samt ett visualiseringsverktyg för ovan nämnda information.Verktyget kan visa pathway regulationer i ST data och kan användas i moderna webbläsare.Forskningen resulterade i ett verktyg som kan hjälpa forskare att förstå ST och pathwaydata.
Turaga, Rama Mohana Rao. "Spatial Resolution, Costs, and Equity in Air Toxics Regulation." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16236.
Full textForster, Rebecca Claire. "Spatial and temporal regulation of ER-to-Golgi transport." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.404311.
Full textGrimsey, Neil Justin. "Temporal and spatial regulation of lipin 1 and 2." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611174.
Full textIozzi, Alberto. "Essays on regulation : theory and practice." Thesis, University of York, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313959.
Full textCooper, Timothy J. "Investigating the spatial regulation of meiotic recombination in S. cerevisiae." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2018. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/74309/.
Full textZhang, Yong. "Spatial regulation of motility in the social bacterium Myxococcus xanthus." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX22110.
Full textAll organisms, animals, plants and microbes, are composed of polarized cells, displaying asymmetric positioning of sub-cellular organelles or structures. Polarity control has been studied in eukaryotes for a long time, and has been shown to be involved in many physiological processes, such as embryogenesis, cancer metastasis and neuron degenerative diseases. In prokaryotes, polarity studies only emerged recently with the development of sensitive fluorescent microscopy. These studies revealed that prokaryotic cells are in fact highly organized and a growing body of literature has shown that bacterial cells also use lipid rafts, membrane curvature, the cell wall and a complex cytoskeleton to direct the specific positioning of subcellular structures.Small GTPases of the Ras superfamily are widespread polarization regulatory elements in eukaryotes. Despite the long known existence of such small GTPases in prokaryotic genomes, their function has never been studied. During this thesis work, we found, for the first time, that a small GTPase, MglA and its cognate GTPase Activating Protein (GAP) MglB, direct a dynamic anterior- posterior axis to direct motility of the rod-shaped deltaproteobacterium Myxococcus xanthus. In this process, MglA accumulates in its GTP-bound state at the leading cell pole, activating the motility machineries. This localization pattern is maintained by MglB, which localizes at the opposite pole, blocking MglA accumulation at this pole through its GAP activity. Remarkably, both proteins switch their localization synchronously, which correlates with a dramatic change in the direction of cell movement (reversal). This switch is regulated by a chemosensory-like system, Frz. In a second part of this work, we identified a response regulator protein, RomR which is essential for the polar clustering of MglA. Intricate localization interdependencies between Romr, MglA and MglB indicate that these proteins might constitute a dynamic three-protein polarity complex that receives Frz-signaling to switch the polarity axis. In conclusion, the results from this thesis work suggest that M. xanthus integrated a eukaryotic-like polarity module (MglAB) into a prokaryotic- specific (Frz) signaling network to regulate its motility. Such regulation is distinct form small G- protein regulations, which are generally coupled to G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) in eukaryotes. Finally, this work paves the way to understand how single cell motility regulations are integrated to generate ordered multicellular behaviors giving rise to primitive developmental structures, for example fruiting body morphogenesis. On the other hand, this work also provides an example to analyze the evolutionary steps giving rise to signaling networks
Brasebin, Mickaël. "Les données géographiques 3D pour simuler l’impact de la réglementation urbaine sur la morphologie du bâti." Thesis, Paris Est, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PEST1006/document.
Full text3D geographic data are very frequent and represent territories in various ways. Such data are often used to better understand cities and their underlying phenomena by integrating different information (environmental, economic, etc.) to support urban planning. On a local scale, the French Local Urban Plan (PLU) describes constraints that regulate the urban development, notably through tri-dimensional constraints (for example by defining a maximal height or by limiting built area) that new buildings must respect. These constraints are compiled in a textual format. They are difficult to understand for non experts and their impact for a given territory is complex to assess. The aim of this thesis is to demonstrate how 3D geographic data enable the exploitation of local urban regulation constraints through two different uses: the verification of the respect of constraints and the generation of building configurations. Our method relies on a model of the urban environment, representing relevant objects according to regulations. This model supports the formulation of the constraints with the OCL language. The generation of building configurations is processed by an optimization method based on a trans-dimensional simulated annealing relying on a rule checker
Elineni, Kranthi Kumar. "Regulation of Cell Adhesion Strength by Spatial Organization of Focal Adhesions." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3088.
Full textGurd, Amy M. "Imagined ruralities and the spatial regulation of sex work in Queensland." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/115070/1/115070_6336272_amy_gurd_thesis.pdf.
Full textOfori, Benjamin O. "The Urban Street Commons Problem: Spatial Regulation in the Urban Informal Economy." Ohio : Ohio University, 2007. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1180940316.
Full textShaik̲h̲, Naṣīruddīn. "Spatial regulation of carbohydrate metabolism in a monocotyledonous leaf (Hordeum vulgare L.)." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301274.
Full textWeston, Cathryn A. "The spatial and temporal regulation of the monomeric G protein, Ras 1." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2013. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/57576/.
Full textMohan, Abhinav. "ROLE OF E-CADHERIN FORCE IN THE SPATIAL REGULATION OF CELL PROLIFERATION." VCU Scholars Compass, 2016. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4659.
Full textDun, Alison. "Spatial and temporal control of regulated exocytosis by protein and lipid interactions." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8087.
Full textWilfling, Florian [Verfasser], and Stefan [Akademischer Betreuer] Jentsch. "The spatial organization and regulation of triacylglycerol synthesis / Florian Wilfling. Betreuer: Stefan Jentsch." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1052779557/34.
Full textMackin, Nancy A. "The spatial and temporal regulation of morphogenesis in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU0NWQmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=3739.
Full textRogers, Louisa Ann. "Exploring the spatial and temporal regulation of lignification in three ectopic lignification mutants." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.401106.
Full textGeorgala, Petrina A. "Spatial and temporal regulation of cerebral cortex development by the transcription factor pax6." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4816.
Full textMüller, Paul Markus [Verfasser]. "Temporal and Spatial Regulation of Rho GTPase Activity and Specificity / Paul Markus Müller." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1196803080/34.
Full textReichert, S. "The dynamic temporal and spatial regulation of BMP signalling during early vertebrate development." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2014. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1420539/.
Full textCox, Carissa. "Spatial Patterns in Development Regulation: Tree Preservation Ordinances of the DFW Metropolitan Area." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc84194/.
Full textNguedam, Ntouko Clarisse. "Gouvernance et institutions dans les décisions d'investissement privé dans les pays en développement." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CLF10383.
Full textThis thesis analyzes the impact of governance and institutions on private investment in developing countries. "Good governance" and institutional quality especially in developing countries are of great concern to the international community. However, there is no unique and optimal institutional framework and governance system which can be set up in all countries independently to their cultural, historical and anthropological characteristics. Indeed, if all countries can share a common objective which consists of an institutional framework, able to ensure the sustainability and credibility of the investment climate, they will all start from different points with specific characteristics. These factors lead us to favor a non normative approach of the quality of institutions and governance. However, some institutional framework increases uncertainty and irreversibility ofinvestment. In this thesis, we consider weak institutions and poor governance as the main sources of uncertainty and irreversibility of investment indeveloping countries. We use a macroeconometric approach which analyses the investment behavior at the aggregate level, and a microeconometric approach which takes into account the heterogeneity of the investment behavior of firms. An emphasis is put on sub-Saharan African countries that have the lowest private investment rate
Dantas, Ney de Brito. "Chaos in the drawing room : image making and image breaking in the experience of urban regulation in Recife." Thesis, Open University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298988.
Full textLi, Deyu. "Spatial and temporal regulation of mitotic progression by the spindle checkpoint in Drosophila melanogaster." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.491836.
Full textFenstermacher, Sara. "From nucleus to axon: Spatial regulation of bclw mRNA promotes neurotrophin-dependent axon survival." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:17467330.
Full textMedical Sciences
Drummond, Mike. "Spatial Regulation of the Polarity Protein aPKC During Asymmetric Cell Division of Drosophila Neuroblasts." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/19225.
Full textHueschen, Christina Lynn. "Building the Mitotic Spindle| Spatial Regulation and Function of Force at Microtubule Minus-Ends." Thesis, University of California, San Francisco, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13423508.
Full textEach time a cell divides, the microtubule cytoskeleton self-organizes into the metaphase spindle: an ellipsoidal steady-state structure that holds its stereotyped shape despite microtubule turnover and internal stresses. This ellipsoidal architecture, in which microtubule minus-ends are focused into two poles, is essential to the spindle’s function of accurately segregating chromosomes. In this work, I ask how the spindle forms and holds its steady-state shape. I report that the molecular motor dynein and the microtubule binding-protein NuMA are essential for mammalian spindles to reach and hold a steady-state geometry. In their absence, the kinesin-5 Eg5 powers a turbulent microtubule network that can drive flow of cytoplasmic organelles and whole-cell movement. Dynein and NuMA were previously known to be essential for spindle pole formation, but we did not know their contribution to shape stabilization at the whole-spindle scale—nor did we know how and where they pull on microtubules to build poles. Using quantitative live imaging and laser ablation, I show that dynein pulls specifically on microtubule minus-ends, rapidly transporting them towards poles. Dynein localization to microtubule minus- ends depends on NuMA, which recruits the dynein adaptor dynactin to minus-ends. Contrary to previous models, NuMA localization to minus-ends is independent of dynein and involves a C-terminal region outside its canonical microtubule-binding domain. Thus, NuMA serves as a mitosis-specific minus-end cargo adaptor, targeting dynein activity to minus-ends to cluster spindle microtubules into poles. This microtubule end-clustering compacts the spindle microtubule network to a defined geometry and suppresses network turbulence, maintaining a steady-state spindle shape over long timescales.
Groocock, Lynda M. "Role of mto2 in temporal and spatial regulation of cytoplasmic microtubule nucleation in Schizosaccharomyces pombe." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/3970.
Full textHui, Wing-sze. "Spatial and temporal regulation of three collagen genes during sensory ray morphogenesis of caenorhabditis elegans /." View abstract or full-text, 2006. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?BIOL%202006%20HUI.
Full textKnight, Chad P. "Convex Model-Based Synthetic Aperture Radar Processing." DigitalCommons@USU, 2014. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2340.
Full textBornheimer, Scott Joseph. "Spatial and temporal regulation of G-protein signaling elucidated by computational modeling and live cell FRET imaging." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2008. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3308008.
Full textTitle from first page of PDF file (viewed June 12, 2008). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
Dilruba, Shahana [Verfasser]. "Impact of ERK signaling and its spatial regulation on cisplatin sensitivity in ovarian cancer cells / Shahana Dilruba." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1220912638/34.
Full textZwickl, Klara, and Mathias Moser. "Informal environmental regulation of industrial air pollution: Does neighborhood inequality matter?" WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2014. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4420/1/EcolEcon_WorkingPaper_2015_1.pdf.
Full textSeries: Ecological Economic Papers
Gidoin, Cynthia. "Relations entre structures de peuplement végétal et bioagresseurs de la culture principale dans les agroforêts tropicales. Application aux agroforêts à cacaoyers et à 3 bioagresseurs : la moniliose (Moniliophthora roreri) au Costa Rica, la pourriture brune (Phytophthora megakarya) et les mirides (Sahlbergellasingularis) au Cameroun." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NSAM0027/document.
Full textThe potential value of tropical agroforests as a model for ecological intensification of agriculture is a subject of increasing interest. Tropical agroforests are agroecosystems characterized by high plant diversity and a complex spatial structure of individuals. With their forest-like structures, agroforests are close to natural ecosystems. The complex structure of agroforests would seem to improve the provision of numerous ecosystem services.This work concerned natural pest and disease regulation services in complex agroecosystems. Our hypothesis was that complex agroforest structures (composition and spatial structure) influence the pest and disease attack intensity on the main crop. Indeed, an increase in plant diversity in agroecosystems is known to reduce specialized pest and disease attack intensity due to a decrease in resource abundance and density on a plot scale. Conversely, plant diversity could increase the generalist pest and disease attack intensity due to the potential introduction of alternative hosts. Moreover, diversity in plant spatial structure has an impact on microclimatic conditions and, thereby, on the pest and disease attack intensity. However, the relative importance of host composition effects on pest and disease intensity, due to resource dilution or amplification, and plant spatial structure effects, due to microclimatic alteration, is still unknown.Our objective was to quantify interactions between the composition and spatial structure characteristics of agroforests and the pest and disease attack intensity on a plot scale.This work was applied to cacao agroforests in Costa Rica and Cameroon. Indeed, cacao is one of the last crops still to be grown in traditional agroforests in the majority of producing countries. The study was conducted on two cacao diseases and one pest chosen for their contrasting spread and development characteristics: in Costa Rica, Frosty Pod Rot (FPR) intensity was studied in cacao agroforests in the Talamanca region; in Cameroon, Black Pod (BP) intensity and mirid density were studied in cacao agroforests in the Centre region.Firstly, we established shade tree spatial structure typologies for cacao agroforests in Costa Rica and Cameroon, in order to identify spatial structure diversity in the same region. A diversity of spatial structures was identified ranging from significant regularity to significant aggregation, depending on the shade tree stand and country studied.Secondly, we identified and classified the host composition, amount of sensitive tissue and the spatial structure characteristics of the associated plants, according to their explanatory power in explaining FPR intensity, BP intensity and mirid density in cacao agroforests. The spatial structure of the associated plants was a crucial characteristic of agroforests in explaining FPR and BP intensity and mirid density. Indeed, forest tree regularity decreased FPR intensity in Costa Rica and mirid density in Cameroon. The BP intensity was reduced by a decrease in the density of individuals belonging to strata lower than or equal to the cacao tree stratum. Lastly, the amount of sensitive tissue rather than the host composition variables explained the increase in FPR intensity in Costa Rica and the mirid density in Cameroon. Our results are discussed in line with several mechanisms that explain plant diversity and pest and disease relationships.Our work provides a precise description of complex tropical agroecosystem structures. We quantified the relationship between observed plant structures and the pest and disease regulation ecosystem service. In the context of agroecology, this work opens up prospects for identifying and understanding ecological mechanisms involved in natural pest and disease regulation in cacao agroforests on a plot scale
Phillips, Jennifer Barber. "Spatio-temporal regulation of microtubule stability in the Caenorhabditis elegans zygote /." view abstract or download file of text, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3113023.
Full textTypescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 75-80). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
Lim, Kean Fan. "State rescaling, experimental reforms and institutional continuity : the shifting spatial logics of socioeconomic regulation in post-1949 China." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/50669.
Full textArts, Faculty of
Geography, Department of
Graduate
Maheshwari, Gargi 1972. "Biophysical regulation of cell motility by adhesion ligands and growth factors : effect of spatial presentation of the ligand." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9112.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references.
A key problem in biomedical engineering today is in understanding the mechanisms which control cellular functions such as cell proliferation, migration and differentiation. The ability to engineer tissue replacements requires understanding of the interactions between the cell and its environment - the surface with which it interfaces and the fluid medium surrounding it. We are interested in designing a biologically inspired substrata which controls mammalian cell migration based on principles of receptor/ligand interactions involved in its regulation. Recent studies have shown that integrin cell surface receptors for the extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins initiate signaling cascades, some of which are in common with those initiated by growth factors. We have quantitatively investigated the potential synergy between growth factors and ECM ligands in governance of cell motility. In initial experiments using a model system of the ECM protein fibronectin and epidermal growth factor (EGF), we found that locomotion speed of a mouse fibroblast cell line is affected by combinations of EGF and fibronectin in diverse ways that can be accounted for by a biophysical model for migration. Following on these finding, we have designed a minimalistic artificial matrix using the linear peptide sequence, arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (ROD), derived from fibronectin as the adhesion ligand, conjugated to a protein resistant poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) surface. With this system, we have identified a role for the micro-level spatial presentation of the ROD peptide integrin ligand in stimulating migration. In addition, we have investigated the role of presentation of EGF as a soluble ligand in its governance of cell motility. We find that presentation of EGF in an autocrine manner in human mammary epithelial cells, where the cell simultaneously synthesizes the receptor and the ligand, results in the regulation of the directionality of cell motion. Formation of cell surface EGF/EGFR complexes in an autocrine manner causes an increased persistence of cell motion which is abrogated upon addition of EGF into the bulk extracellular media. These studies highlight the importance of quantitative deconstruction of a biological problem and have important ramifications for the rational design of cell receptor/ligand interactions to control cell behavior.
by Gargi Maheshwari.
Ph.D.
Fengler, Sven [Verfasser], Philippe [Akademischer Betreuer] Bastiaens, and Hernán E. [Gutachter] Grecco. "Spatial-temporal regulation of EGFR phosporylation by protein tyrosine phosphatases / Sven Fengler ; Gutachter: Hernán E. Grecco ; Betreuer: Philippe Bastiaens." Dortmund : Universitätsbibliothek Dortmund, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1136131981/34.
Full textPeoples, Brandon Kevin. "Applying ecological models to positive interactions among lotic fishes: implications for population and community regulation at multiple spatial scales." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73340.
Full textPh. D.
Heinelt, Kaatje Friederike [Verfasser], Philippe [Akademischer Betreuer] Bastiaens, and Leif [Gutachter] Dehmelt. "Systems analysis of the spatial regulation of oncogenic Ras signalling / Kaatje Friederike Heinelt ; Gutachter: Leif Dehmelt ; Betreuer: Philippe Bastiaens." Dortmund : Universitätsbibliothek Dortmund, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1136471596/34.
Full textLucas, Tanguy. "Spatio-temporal regulation of hunchback during the zygotic genome activation in Drosophila." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066707.
Full textMorphogen gradients provide concentration-dependent positional information along polarity axes. Although the dynamics of these gradients is well described, precision and noise in the activation processes acting downstream remain unclear. To address this question, we study the response to the Bicoid gradient that elicits very rapidly a robust transcriptional response in young fly embryos. This robustness occurs despite the challenge imposed by frequent mitoses during which transcription is interrupted suggesting that nuclei measure the Bicoid concentration during the 5-6 mn interphases. Modeling using statistical mechanics and Bicoid physical parameters do not account for accurate measurement of Bicoid concentration in such a short period. It was proposed that rapid robustness of the Bicoid response relies on a memorization process allowing nuclei to recall Bicoid concentration from previous cycles. To understand how the Bicoid system resists to the challenge imposed by mitosis, I have adapted the MS2 RNA-tagging approach to fly embryos and shown that it can be used to quantify transcription dynamics in a living multicellular organism. Unexpectedly, the MS2 reporter was also expressed in the posterior of the embryo making it impossible to directly test the memorization hypothesis. I have shown that this posterior expression is due to binding sites for the transcription factor Zelda unexpectedly localized in the MS2 cassette. A newly engineered MS2 reporter removing those sites faithfully reproduces the endogenous expression providing a powerful tool to test the memory hypothesis. This work opens new avenue to decipher the transcription dynamics underlying pattern formation