Journal articles: 'Spatial redistribution'

1

Rossi-Hansberg, Esteban, Pierre-Daniel Sarte, and Felipe Schwartzman. "Cognitive Hubs and Spatial Redistribution." Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond Working Papers 19, no. 16 (September 25, 2019): 1–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21144/wp19-16.

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Arcalean, Calin, Gerhard Glomm, and Ioana Schiopu. "Growth effects of spatial redistribution policies." Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control 36, no. 7 (July 2012): 988–1008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jedc.2012.01.004.

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Holthoff, Knut, and Otto W. Witte. "Directed spatial potassium redistribution in rat neocortex." Glia 29, no. 3 (February 1, 2000): 288–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-1136(20000201)29:3<288::aid-glia10>3.0.co;2-8.

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Pavía, Jose M., and Antonio López-Quílez. "Spatial vote redistribution in redrawn polling units." Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A (Statistics in Society) 176, no. 3 (July 27, 2012): 655–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-985x.2012.01055.x.

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Belanger, Alain, and Andrei Rogers. "The Internal Migration and Spatial Redistribution of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States: 1965–70 and 1975–80." International Migration Review 26, no. 4 (December 1992): 1342–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791839202600412.

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This article examines the importance of place of birth on the internal migration and spatial redistribution patterns of the foreign-born population in the United States during the 1965–70 and the 1975–80 periods, relying principally on the Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS) files for our input data. The diverse nationalities are aggregated into eight different regions of origin: Mexico, Puerto Rico, Rest of South and Central America, Europe, Asia, Africa and Oceania, Canada and the Rest of the World. First, the regional distribution of these eight groups at the 1970 and 1980 censuses are examined. Next, the spatial redistribution of the foreign-born population and its changes over time are studied. The age patterns of migration for the different foreign-born groups are analyzed, and the article concludes by examining decadal changes in redistributional tendencies using multiregional life table analyses.

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Gabrieli, Tommaso. "Spatial Segregation, Redistribution and Welfare: A Theoretical Model." Urban Planning 1, no. 1 (March 24, 2016): 68–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v1i1.537.

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This paper develops a theoretical model focusing on the effect that different neighborhood compositions can have on the formation of individual beliefs about economic opportunities. Specifically we highlight two effects that spatial segregation may have: (1) it can efficiently separate the individual effort choices of highly and low productive individuals, (2) it may imply that the median voter imposes a level of redistribution that is inefficient from the aggregate point of view. The trade-off implies that segregated and non-segregated cities may present very similar levels of aggregate welfare. We employ this framework to discuss how the structure of cities can play a role in the determination of US-type and Europe-type politico-economic equilibria and the implications for planning policies.

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Manz, P., M. Xu, N. Fedorczak, S. C. Thakur, and G. R. Tynan. "Spatial redistribution of turbulent and mean kinetic energy." Physics of Plasmas 19, no. 1 (January 2012): 012309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3676634.

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Hu, W., and B. C. Si. "Soil water content evaluation considering time-invariant spatial pattern and space-variant temporal change." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 10, no. 10 (October 28, 2013): 12829–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-12829-2013.

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Abstract. Soil water content (SWC) varies in space and time. The objective of this study was to evaluate soil water content distribution using a statistical model. The model divides spatial SWC series into time-invariant spatial patterns, space-invariant temporal changes, and space- and time-dependent redistribution terms. The redistribution term is responsible for the temporal changes in spatial patterns of SWC. An empirical orthogonal function was used to separate the total variations of redistribution terms into the sum of the product of spatial structures (EOFs) and temporally-varying coefficients (ECs). Model performance was evaluated using SWC data of near-surface (0–0.2 m) and root-zone (0–1.0 m) from a Canadian Prairie landscape. Three significant EOFs were identified for redistribution term for both soil layers. EOF1 dominated the variations of redistribution terms and it resulted in more changes (recharge or discharge) in SWC at wetter locations. Depth to CaCO3 layer and organic carbon were the two most important controlling factors of EOF1, and together, they explained over 80% of the variations in EOF1. Weak correlation existed between either EOF2 or EOF3 and the observed factors. A reasonable prediction of SWC distribution was obtained with this model using cross validation. The model performed better in the root zone than in the near surface, and it outperformed conventional EOF method in case soil moisture deviated from the average conditions.

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Hurst, Erik, Benjamin J. Keys, Amit Seru, and Joseph Vavra. "Regional Redistribution through the US Mortgage Market." American Economic Review 106, no. 10 (October 1, 2016): 2982–3028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20151052.

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Regional shocks are an important feature of the US economy. Households' ability to self-insure against these shocks depends on how they affect local interest rates. In the United States, most borrowing occurs through the mortgage market and is influenced by the presence of government-sponsored enterprises (GSE). We establish that despite large regional variation in predictable default risk, GSE mortgage rates for otherwise identical loans do not vary spatially. In contrast, the private market does set interest rates which vary with local risk. We use a spatial model of collateralized borrowing to show that the national interest rate policy substantially affects welfare by redistributing resources across regions. (JEL E32, E43, G21, G28, L32, R11, R31)

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Augustine, David J., Daniel G. Milchunas, and Justin D. Derner. "Spatial Redistribution of Nitrogen by Cattle in Semiarid Rangeland." Rangeland Ecology & Management 66, no. 1 (January 2013): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2111/rem-d-11-00228.1.

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Ryu, Hojin, Kangmin Kim, and Ildoo Hwang. "Spatial redistribution of key transcriptional regulators in brassinosteroid signaling." Plant Signaling & Behavior 3, no. 4 (April 2008): 278–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/psb.3.4.5240.

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Silvers, Arthur L., and Vera K. Pavlakovich. "Maquila Industry impacts on the spatial redistribution of employment." Journal of Borderlands Studies 9, no. 2 (September 1994): 47–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08865655.1994.9695457.

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Lambert, G., D. Liao, S. Vyawahare, and R. H. Austin. "Anomalous Spatial Redistribution of Competing Bacteria under Starvation Conditions." Journal of Bacteriology 193, no. 8 (February 11, 2011): 1878–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01430-10.

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Minkoff, Scott L. "Minding Your Neighborhood: The Spatial Context of Local Redistribution." Social Science Quarterly 90, no. 3 (September 2009): 516–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6237.2009.00629.x.

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Bomba, A. Ya, and S. V. Baranovsky. "MODELING SMALL-SCALE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTED INFLUENCES ON THE DYNAMICS OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE ON CONDITION OF PHARMACOTHERAPY." Journal of Numerical and Applied Mathematics, no. 1 (133) (2020): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2706-9699.2020.1.01.

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This paper proposes modification of the simplest model of the infectious disease in the conditions of pharmacotherapy taking into account influence of small-scale spatial distributed diffusion influences. The singular disturbed model problem with time-delay is reduced to a sequence of problems without time-delay for which the corresponding representations of the asymptotic expansions of solutions are constructed. We present the results of numerical experiments that characterize the influence of spatial distributed diffusion «redistributions» of infectious disease factors on the development of the process on condition of pharmacotherapy. The decrease in the maximum level of concentration of pathogenic antigens in the locus of infection due to their diffusion «redistribution» is illustrated.

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Zhao, Si-yuan, Yang-wen Jia, Jia-guo Gong, Cun-wen Niu, Hui-dong Su, Yong-de Gan, and Huan Liu. "Spatial Variability of Preferential Flow and Infiltration Redistribution along a Rocky-Mountain Hillslope, Northern China." Water 12, no. 4 (April 13, 2020): 1102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12041102.

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Rock fragments in soil strongly increase the complexity of hydrological processes. Spatial variability of preferential flow and infiltration characteristics, especially along a rocky-mountain hillslope are poorly understood. In this study, five rainfall–dye tracer experiments were performed in the rocky Taihang Mountains, northern China, to investigate the spatial variability of preferential flow and infiltration redistribution on different hillslope positions. Tracers were used to distinguish macropore flow and actual water flow patterns, and preferential flow indices and spatial non–uniformity of the infiltration redistribution were calculated using image analysis. Results showed increasing trends in the dye coverage, maximum infiltration depth, and steady infiltration rate with increased hillslope position, with a preferential flow fraction of 0.10, 0.11, 0.15, 0.29, and 0.26 for the bottom–, down–, mid–, upper–, and top–slope positions, respectively. With increased hillslope position, the spatial non–uniformity of the infiltration redistribution gradually increased in orthogonal and parallel directions to the stained section, and was supported by the fractal dimensions. Positive (gravel mass ratio, saturated water content, altitude, hydraulic conductivity and roots) and negative (bulk density and clay content) impacts on preferential flow and infiltration redistribution were quantitatively emphasized. The characteristic and mechanism of infiltration process were further identified along a rocky-mountain hillslope.

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Moreira, Lorena, Anny Cazenave, Anne Barnoud, and Jianli Chen. "Sea-Level Fingerprints Due to Present-Day Water Mass Redistribution in Observed Sea-Level Data." Remote Sensing 13, no. 22 (November 19, 2021): 4667. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13224667.

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Satellite altimetry over the oceans shows that the rate of sea-level rise is far from uniform, with reported regional rates up to two to three times the global mean rate of rise of ~3.3 mm/year during the altimeter era. The mechanisms causing the regional variations in sea-level trends are dominated by ocean temperature and salinity changes, and other processes such as ocean mass redistribution as well as solid Earth’s deformations and gravitational changes in response to past and ongoing mass redistributions caused by land ice melt and terrestrial water storage changes (respectively known as Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) and sea-level fingerprints). Here, we attempt to detect the spatial trend patterns of the fingerprints associated with present-day land ice melt and terrestrial water mass changes, using satellite altimetry-based sea-level grids corrected for the steric component. Although the signal-to-noise ratio is still very low, a statistically significant correlation between altimetry-based sea-level and modelled fingerprints is detected in some ocean regions. We also examine spatial trend patterns in observed GRACE ocean mass corrected for atmospheric and oceanic loading and find that some oceanic regions are dominated by the fingerprints of present-day water mass redistribution.

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Henne, Don C., and Jenita Thinakaran. "Spatially Explicit Changes in Potato Psyllid (Hemiptera: Triozidae) Populations in Three South Texas Potato Fields." Journal of Economic Entomology 113, no. 2 (December 13, 2019): 988–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toz339.

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Abstract Insect abundance is commonly recorded in the form of discrete counts taken from plants. Analyses of these counts provide information about spatial distributions and population structure. A study was conducted in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas during April and May 2014 to determine how populations of potato psyllids [Bactericera cockerelli (Šulc)] within three potato fields change over time. It was found that potato psyllid populations in these potato fields frequently changed both spatially and temporally. Chi-square goodness of fit tests and Akaike’s Information Criterion indicated that the frequency distributions of potato psyllid counts conformed to a negative binomial distribution, implying an aggregated spatial pattern. Variance–mean ratios were always much larger than one, also implying spatially clumped populations. However, with a few exceptions, a Spatial Analysis by Distance IndicEs analysis showed that potato psyllid counts were mostly random in space, the clumping generally occurring on individual potato plants and rarely involving groups of potato plants in close proximity. Trends in proportions of plants infested by at least one potato psyllid and the clumping parameter k were similar for all three potato fields. Potato psyllid spatial population structure is a dynamic process that involves continuous adult movements leading to substantial redistribution of potato psyllids over limited time spans of 2 to 3 d. By capturing elements of their spatial and temporal patterns of redistribution, the study reported here is a step towards a better understanding of the population dynamics and movement of potato psyllids.

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Agee, Ernest, Jennifer Larson, Samuel Childs, and Alexandra Marmo. "Spatial Redistribution of U.S. Tornado Activity between 1954 and 2013." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 55, no. 8 (August 2016): 1681–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-15-0342.1.

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AbstractClimate change over the past several decades prompted this preliminary investigation into the possible effects of global warming on the climatological behavior of U.S. tornadoes for the domain bounded by 30°–50°N and 80°–105°W. On the basis of a warming trend over the past 30 years, the modern tornado record can be divided into a cold “Period I” from 1954 to 1983 and a subsequent 30-year warm “Period II” from 1984 to 2013. Tornado counts and days for (E)F1–(E)F5, significant, and the most violent tornadoes across a 2.5° × 2.5° gridded domain indicate a general decrease in tornado activity from Period I to Period II concentrated in Texas/Oklahoma and increases concentrated in Tennessee/Alabama. These changes show a new geographical distribution of tornado activity for Period II when compared with Period I. Statistical analysis that is based on field significance testing and the bootstrapping method provides proof for the observed decrease in annual tornado activity in the traditional “Tornado Alley” and the emergence of a new maximum center of tornado activity. Seasonal analyses of both counts and days for tornadoes and significant tornadoes show similar results in the spring, summer, and winter seasons, with a substantial decrease in the central plains during summer. The autumn season displays substantial increases in both tornado counts and significant-tornado counts in the region stretching from Mississippi into Indiana. Similar results are found from the seasonal analysis of both tornado days and significant-tornado days. This temporal change of spatial patterns in tornado activity for successive cold and warm periods may be suggestive of climate change effects yet warrants the climatological study of meteorological parameters responsible for tornado formation.

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Gómez-Moutón, Concepción, Rosa Ana Lacalle, Emilia Mira, Sonia Jiménez-Baranda, Domingo F. Barber, Ana C. Carrera, Carlos Martínez-A., and Santos Mañes. "Dynamic redistribution of raft domains as an organizing platform for signaling during cell chemotaxis." Journal of Cell Biology 164, no. 5 (February 23, 2004): 759–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200309101.

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Spatially restricted activation of signaling molecules governs critical aspects of cell migration; the mechanism by which this is achieved nonetheless remains unknown. Using time-lapse confocal microscopy, we analyzed dynamic redistribution of lipid rafts in chemoattractant-stimulated leukocytes expressing glycosyl phosphatidylinositol–anchored green fluorescent protein (GFP-GPI). Chemoattractants induced persistent GFP-GPI redistribution to the leading edge raft (L raft) and uropod rafts of Jurkat, HL60, and dimethyl sulfoxide–differentiated HL60 cells in a pertussis toxin–sensitive, actin-dependent manner. A transmembrane, nonraft GFP protein was distributed homogeneously in moving cells. A GFP-CCR5 chimera, which partitions in L rafts, accumulated at the leading edge, and CCR5 redistribution coincided with recruitment and activation of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase γ in L rafts in polarized, moving cells. Membrane cholesterol depletion impeded raft redistribution and asymmetric recruitment of PI3K to the cell side facing the chemoattractant source. This is the first direct evidence that lipid rafts order spatial signaling in moving mammalian cells, by concentrating the gradient sensing machinery at the leading edge.

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Grabiec, Mariusz, Dariusz Puczko, Tomasz Budzik, and Grzegorz Gajek. "Snow distribution patterns on Svalbard glaciers derived from radio-echo soundings." Polish Polar Research 32, no. 4 (January 1, 2011): 393–421. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10183-011-0026-4.

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Snow distribution patterns on Svalbard glaciers derived from radio-echo soundings The spatial distribution of snow thickness on glaciers is driven by a set of climatological, meteorological, topographical and orographic conditions. This work presents results of snow accumulation studies carried out from 2006 to 2009 on glaciers of different types: valley glacier, ice plateau and ice cap. In order to determine snow depth, a shallow radio echo-sounding method was used. Based on the results, the following snow distribution patterns on Svalbard glaciers have been distinguished: precipitation pattern, precipitation-redistribution pattern, redistribution pattern and complex pattern. The precipitation pattern assumes that the snow distribution on glaciers follows the altitudinal gradient. If the accumulation gradient is significantly modified by local factors like wind erosion and redeposition, or local variability of precipitation, the accumulation pattern turns into the precipitation-redistribution pattern. In the redistribution pattern, local factors play a crucial role in the spatial variability of snow depth. The complex pattern, however, demonstrates the co-existence of different snow distribution patterns on a single glacial object (glacier/icecap/ice field).

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Mizumori, Sheri J. Y., Annette M. Lavoie, and Anjali Kalyani. "Redistribution of spatial representation in the hippocampus of aged rats performing a spatial memory task." Behavioral Neuroscience 110, no. 5 (1996): 1006–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0735-7044.110.5.1006.

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Rouholahnejad Freund, Elham, and James W. Kirchner. "A Budyko framework for estimating how spatial heterogeneity and lateral moisture redistribution affect average evapotranspiration rates as seen from the atmosphere." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 21, no. 1 (January 11, 2017): 217–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-217-2017.

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Abstract. Most Earth system models are based on grid-averaged soil columns that do not communicate with one another, and that average over considerable sub-grid heterogeneity in land surface properties, precipitation (P), and potential evapotranspiration (PET). These models also typically ignore topographically driven lateral redistribution of water (either as groundwater or surface flows), both within and between model grid cells. Here, we present a first attempt to quantify the effects of spatial heterogeneity and lateral redistribution on grid-cell-averaged evapotranspiration (ET) as seen from the atmosphere over heterogeneous landscapes. Our approach uses Budyko curves, as a simple model of ET as a function of atmospheric forcing by P and PET. From these Budyko curves, we derive a simple sub-grid closure relation that quantifies how spatial heterogeneity affects average ET as seen from the atmosphere. We show that averaging over sub-grid heterogeneity in P and PET, as typical Earth system models do, leads to overestimations of average ET. For a sample high-relief grid cell in the Himalayas, this overestimation bias is shown to be roughly 12 %; for adjacent lower-relief grid cells, it is substantially smaller. We use a similar approach to derive sub-grid closure relations that quantify how lateral redistribution of water could alter average ET as seen from the atmosphere. We derive expressions for the maximum possible effect of lateral redistribution on average ET, and the amount of lateral redistribution required to achieve this effect, using only estimates of P and PET in possible source and recipient locations as inputs. We show that where the aridity index P/PET increases with altitude, gravitationally driven lateral redistribution will increase average ET (and models that overlook lateral redistribution will underestimate average ET). Conversely, where the aridity index P/PET decreases with altitude, gravitationally driven lateral redistribution will decrease average ET. The effects of both sub-grid heterogeneity and lateral redistribution will be most pronounced where P is inversely correlated with PET across the landscape. Our analysis provides first-order estimates of the magnitudes of these sub-grid effects, as a guide for more detailed modeling and analysis.

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Liang, Xinfeng, Carl Wunsch, Patrick Heimbach, and Gael Forget. "Vertical Redistribution of Oceanic Heat Content." Journal of Climate 28, no. 9 (May 1, 2015): 3821–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-14-00550.1.

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Abstract Estimated values of recent oceanic heat uptake are on the order of a few tenths of a W m−2, and are a very small residual of air–sea exchanges, with annual average regional magnitudes of hundreds of W m−2. Using a dynamically consistent state estimate, the redistribution of heat within the ocean is calculated over a 20-yr period. The 20-yr mean vertical heat flux shows strong variations in both the lateral and vertical directions, consistent with the ocean being a dynamically active and spatially complex heat exchanger. Between mixing and advection, the two processes determining the vertical heat transport in the deep ocean, advection plays a more important role in setting the spatial patterns of vertical heat exchange and its temporal variations. The global integral of vertical heat flux shows an upward heat transport in the deep ocean, suggesting a cooling trend in the deep ocean. These results support an inference that the near-surface thermal properties of the ocean are a consequence, at least in part, of internal redistributions of heat, some of which must reflect water that has undergone long trajectories since last exposure to the atmosphere. The small residual heat exchange with the atmosphere today is unlikely to represent the interaction with an ocean that was in thermal equilibrium at the start of global warming. An analogy is drawn with carbon-14 “reservoir ages,” which range from over hundreds to a thousand years.

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Bystryakov, Igor, and Dmitry Klynovyi. "FUNCTIONAL DECOMPOSITION OF SPATIAL BUSINESS ECOSYSTEMS." Environmental Economics and Sustainable Development, no. 6(25) (2019): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.37100/2616-7689/2019/6(25)/1.

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The purpose of the article is functional decomposition of the main stages of the algorithm of providing strategic management of business ecosystem development. It is determined that it includes the assessment of the resource potential of the territory; defining its core competencies; locomotive industries, industries and spheres of management; creation of drivers of development of spatial systems; formation of points and zones of economic growth; cross-sectoral redistribution of investment flows, internal balancing of territorial development; creating a system of sustainable finance and ensuring system-wide sustainability of territorial formation. An appropriate scheme of sequential decomposition of the business ecosystem is proposed. The functional role of the natural resource space as a source of production, raw material, energy resources and the basis for the organization of business ecosystems have been determined here. The role of key competences for the functioning of a sustainable competitive economy has been determined also. The leading role of economic drivers and locomotive industries, which are able to build powerful chains of production, supply and sale in ensuring the sustainable development of business ecosystems, has been established. Also there is established the need to create growth points as spatially-localized territorial-economic entities, wich are provided with the necessary growth drivers and focused on the production of locomotive industries. The functional role of the sustainable finance system in the extraction, redistribution, accumulation and capitalization of rental income from environmental management is characterized.

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Moore, P., Q. Zhang, and A. Alothman. "Recent results on modelling the spatial and temporal structure of the Earth's gravity field." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 364, no. 1841 (February 22, 2006): 1009–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2006.1751.

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The Earth's gravity field plays a central role in sea-level change. In the simplest application a precise gravity field will enable oceanographers to capitalize fully on the altimetric datasets collected over the past decade or more by providing a geoid from which absolute sea-level topography can be recovered. However, the concept of a static gravity field is now redundant as we can observe temporal variability in the geoid due to mass redistribution in or on the total Earth system. Temporal variability, associated with interactions between the land, oceans and atmosphere, can be investigated through mass redistributions with, for example, flow of water from the land being balanced by an increase in ocean mass. Furthermore, as ocean transport is an important contributor to the mass redistribution the time varying gravity field can also be used to validate Global Ocean Circulation models. This paper will review the recent history of static and temporal gravity field recovery, from the 1980s to the present day. In particular, mention will be made of the role of satellite laser ranging and other space tracking techniques, satellite altimetry and in situ gravity which formed the basis of gravity field determination until the last few years. With the launch of Challenging Microsatellite Payload and Gravity and Circulation Experiment (GRACE) our knowledge of the spatial distribution of the Earth's gravity field is taking a leap forward. Furthermore, GRACE is now providing insight into temporal variability through ‘monthly’ gravity field solutions. Prior to this data we relied on satellite tracking, Global Positioning System and geophysical models to give us insight into the temporal variability. We will consider results from these methodologies and compare them to preliminary results from the GRACE mission.

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Han, Xuefei, Wenbo Mi, and Xiaocha Wang. "Spin polarization and magnetic properties at the C60/Fe4N(001) spinterface." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 7, no. 27 (2019): 8325–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9tc02342a.

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Ondarse-Alvarez, D., N. Oldani, A. E. Roitberg, V. Kleiman, S. Tretiak, and S. Fernandez-Alberti. "Energy transfer and spatial scrambling of an exciton in a conjugated dendrimer." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 20, no. 47 (2018): 29648–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cp05852k.

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Photoexcitation of multichromophoric light harvesting molecules induces a number of intramolecular electronic energy relaxation and redistribution pathways that can ultimately lead to ultrafast exciton self-trapping on a single chromophore unit.

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Xu, Zhihua, and Anthony Yeh. "Origin Effects, Spatial Dynamics and Redistribution of FDI In Guangdong, China." Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie 104, no. 4 (May 8, 2013): 439–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tesg.12025.

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PENNOCK, D. J., and E. DE JONG. "SPATIAL PATTERN OF SOIL REDISTRIBUTION IN BOROLL LANDSCAPES, SOUTHERN SASKATCHEWAN, CANADA1." Soil Science 150, no. 6 (December 1990): 867–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00010694-199012000-00006.

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Glenny, Robb W., Susan L. Bernard, Daniel L. Luchtel, Blazej Neradilek, and Nayak L. Polissar. "The spatial-temporal redistribution of pulmonary blood flow with postnatal growth." Journal of Applied Physiology 102, no. 3 (March 2007): 1281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00632.2006.

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The pulmonary vascular tree undergoes remarkable postnatal development and remodeling. While a number of studies have characterized longitudinal changes in vascular function with growth, none have explored regional patterns of vascular remodeling. We therefore studied six neonatal pigs to see how regional blood flow changes with growth. We selected pigs because of their rapid growth and their similarities to human development with respect to the pulmonary vascular tree. Fluorescent microspheres of varying colors were injected into the pulmonary circulation to mark regional blood on days 3, 12, 27, 43, and 71 after birth. The animals were awake and in the prone posture for all injections. The lungs were subsequently removed, air dried, and sectioned into ∼2-cm3 pieces. Flow on each injection day was determined for each piece. Despite the increase in the hydrostatic gradient in the lung with growth, there was a strong correlation between blood flow to the same lung piece when compared on days 3 and 71 (0.73 ± 0.12). Although a dorsal-ventral gradient of perfusion did not exist on day 3, blood flow increased more in the dorsal region by day 12 and then gradually became more uniform by day 71. Although most of the lung pieces did not show any discernable pattern of blood flow redistribution, there were spatial patterns of blood flow redistribution that were similar across animals. Our findings suggest that local mechanisms, shared across animals, guide regional changes in vascular resistance or vasoregulation during postnatal development. In the pig, these mechanisms act to produce more uniform flow in the normal posture for an ambulating quadruped. The stimuli for these changes have not yet been identified.

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Taylor, J., and W. S. Arthur. "Spatial redistribution of the Torres Strait Islander population: a preliminary analysis." Australian Geographer 24, no. 2 (November 1993): 26–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00049189308703085.

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Taskin, A. A., B. A. Zaitsev, V. I. Obodnikov, and E. G. Tishkovskii. "Special features of spatial redistribution of selenium atoms implanted in silicon." Semiconductors 34, no. 3 (March 2000): 312–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.1187978.

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Du, Jinming. "Redistribution promotes cooperation in spatial public goods games under aspiration dynamics." Applied Mathematics and Computation 363 (December 2019): 124629. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2019.124629.

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Gutiérrez, David, and Diana I. Escalona-Vargas. "EEG data classification through signal spatial redistribution and optimized linear discriminants." Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine 97, no. 1 (January 2010): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2009.05.005.

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Cugerone, Alexandre, Bénédicte Cenki-Tok, Emilien Oliot, Manuel Muñoz, Fabrice Barou, Vincent Motto-Ros, and Elisabeth Le Goff. "Redistribution of germanium during dynamic recrystallization of sphalerite." Geology 48, no. 3 (December 17, 2019): 236–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g46791.1.

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Abstract Rare metals are essential to the development of the “green” technologies that are at the core of low-carbon societies. In nature, these metals are frequently present in trace amounts scattered in base metal ore deposits, but the physico-chemical processes that are responsible for their concentration into strategic minerals are still poorly understood. Based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), coupled with electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) analysis, this study shows that plastic deformation and subsequent syntectonic recrystallization of sphalerite (zinc sulfide, ZnS) led to the spatial redistribution of germanium (Ge): from a background level of a few hundreds of parts per million in undeformed primary sphalerite to tens of weight-percent in neocrystallized Ge minerals. During dynamic recrystallization, Ge is likely released from the crystal lattice of parent sphalerite and subsequently concentrated in Ge minerals, leaving behind a Ge-depleted, recrystallized sphalerite matrix. Identifying how rare metals concentrate through deformation and syntectonic recrystallization at the mineral scale is essential to understand the spatial redistribution and localization at the deposit scale. This study highlights the importance of coupling in situ chemical mapping analysis with macro- and microstructural characterization when targeting rare metals in deformed ore.

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Kübler, Daniel, and Philippe E. Rochat. "Fragmented Governance and Spatial Equity in Metropolitan Areas: The Role of Intergovernmental Cooperation and Revenue-Sharing." Urban Affairs Review 55, no. 5 (January 23, 2018): 1247–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078087417753079.

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This article focuses on policies seeking to address social inequalities in metropolitan areas, where the allocation of resources to places with needs often clashes with the politics of redistribution in fragmented local government systems. Scholarship on metropolitan governance has yet to overcome the opposition between proponents of consolidation and defenders of polycentrism. The crucial open question is whether and how intergovernmental cooperation and revenue-sharing can redress spatial equity in institutionally fragmented metropolitan areas. This article addresses this question by exploring the determinants of social expenditures in the 630 municipalities of seven major metropolitan areas in Switzerland, where revenue-sharing systems are common. The analysis shows that intergovernmental grants make a significant but limited contribution to reducing the mismatch between needs and resources in fragmented and decentralized metropolitan areas, depending on the redistributive efforts made by higher state levels.

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Song, Wenwen, Carsten Drouven, and Enrique Galindo-Nava. "Carbon Redistribution in Martensite in High-C Steel: Atomic-Scale Characterization and Modelling." Metals 8, no. 8 (July 25, 2018): 577. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met8080577.

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The microstructure of the as-quenched plate martensite in a high-C steel 100Cr6 was characterized by means of electron microscopy and atom probe tomography. The carbon redistribution behavior was investigated at the atomic scale, which revealed the nature of the transformation dynamics influenced by carbon and other substitutional alloying elements. A model was proposed to predict the carbon redistribution at twins and dislocations in martensite, which was based on their spatial arrangements.

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Juwet, Griet, and Laura Deruytter. "Territorial and institutional obduracy in regional transition: politicising the case of Flanders’ energy distribution system." Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society 14, no. 2 (June 23, 2021): 301–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsab005.

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Abstract This case study unravels the ambiguous position of public energy distributor Fluvius in dealing with strategic regional transition challenges. It enriches current understandings of spatial transition dimensions and of public regime actors’ role in transitions, by unravelling the territorial and institutional embeddedness of regional energy distribution systems. We disentangle three controversies in Flemish energy distribution, centred around the spatial concepts of density, spatial selectivity and socio-spatial redistribution. This spatial lens reveals the implicit spatial logics and inherently political character of transforming regional distribution systems. We conclude that a fundamental energy transition requires more inclusive governance, and an ambitious spatial transition vision.

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Walters, Carl J., and Ramón Bonfil. "Multispecies spatial assessment models for the British Columbia groundfish trawl fishery." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56, no. 4 (April 1, 1999): 601–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f98-205.

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A multispecies spatial model is proposed for evaluation of trawl management strategies and tested with data from British Columbia groundfish. Minimum stock sizes are estimated for 16 species using spatial catch per unit effort data; these data indicate that only small proportions of most stocks are exposed to fishing at any time and that exchange rates of fish between the grounds and other habitats are rapid. A gravity model for spatial effort allocation predicts substantial side effects of marine protected areas or discarding of particular species on nontarget species/grounds due to redistribution of fishing effort. Multispecies, multiground delay-difference models are used in conjunction with the gravity model for spatial effort distribution to predict long-term population responses to various regulatory strategies. This simulation suggests that species composition and spatial structure of the fishery are changing slowly due to reduction in abundance of long-lived species, but rapid collapses of target stocks are unlikely due to spatial redistribution of effort in response to local declines. We question whether quota management (individual vessel quotas) can be safely implemented due to extreme uncertainty about current stock sizes and suggest that a better strategy may be to simply denominate fishing rights as individual effort quotas while providing protection for sensitive stocks through carefully placed marine protected areas.

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Schenk, Elaine B., Frederic A. Meunier, and Dietmar B. Oelz. "Spatial redistribution of neurosecretory vesicles upon stimulation accelerates their directed transport to the plasma membrane." PLOS ONE 17, no. 3 (March 16, 2022): e0264521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264521.

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Through the integration of results from an imaging analysis of intracellular trafficking of labelled neurosecretory vesicles in chromaffin cells, we develop a Markov state model to describe their transport and binding kinetics. Our simulation results indicate that a spatial redistribution of neurosecretory vesicles occurs upon secretagogue stimulation leading vesicles to the plasma membrane where they undergo fusion thereby releasing adrenaline and noradrenaline. Furthermore, we find that this redistribution alone can explain the observed up-regulation of vesicle transport upon stimulation and its directional bias towards the plasma membrane. Parameter fitting indicates that in the deeper compartment within the cell, vesicle transport is asymmetric and characterised by a bias towards the plasma membrane.

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Malashevskyi, Mykola, and Olena Malashevska. "THE AIMS AND TRENDS OF THE SUSTAINABLE LAND TENURE FORMATION IN UKRAINE: THE SPATIAL ASPECT." Geodesy and cartography 47, no. 3 (November 9, 2021): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/gac.2021.12791.

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The spatial aspect of the challenge of the sustainable land tenure formation has been scrutinized in the article. There is a set of unresolved issues at the point where interests of land owners, land users and the government clash, that witnesses the absence of effective mechanisms of the formed land tenure system improvement. At the transition to the market relations, with the private land property environment, new effective approaches to land redistribution and rational land use support are necessary. The research objective is the development of a complex approach to the land tenure spatial improvement for the sustainable development. Substantiation is carried out for the transition economy with Ukraine as an example. Land redistribution aiming at urban settlement area optimization and agricultural land tenure in the context of the social environment and economic benefit has been substantiated. The effectiveness of the spatial land improvement in the context of the national and local budget land fee revenues has been substantiated.

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Sultanboevich, Tursunov Narimonjon. "Development Of Spatial Metal Wooden Bar Constructions Of Coatings, From Composition Wooden Elements." American Journal of Applied sciences 02, no. 12 (December 27, 2020): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajas/volume02issue12-17.

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Metal wooden spatial core structure, including upper and lower grids, braces, combining the nodes of the upper and lower grids, and vertical strands, characterized in that, in order to ensure redistribution of forces and uniform load of structural elements and giving additional stiffness compressive composite small-sized boards of the upper belt and the lower metal belt with a special tensile nut to give the building a structural lift, are displaced in plan relative to each other by 45 °, while the braces in the nodes of the grids are located mutually perpendicular and in one direction they are made descending, and in the other ascending, through one node.

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Madara, J. L., S. Carlson, and J. M. Anderson. "ZO-1 maintains its spatial distribution but dissociates from junctional fibrils during tight junction regulation." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 264, no. 5 (May 1, 1993): C1096—C1101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1993.264.5.c1096.

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Tight junctions restrict diffusion of hydrophilic solutes through the paracellular pathways of columnar epithelia. It is now apparent that the barrier function of tight junctions is physiologically regulated. Current models of the tight junction envisage junctional subunits consisting of extracellular "kisses" between plasma membranes of adjacent cells, intramembrane components represented by freeze-fracture fibrils, and cytoplasmic elements of the cytoskeleton. Insights into functional relationships between these various components of tight junctions should be provided by mapping component interrelationships in states of altered junctional permeability. Here we define the spatial distribution of ZO-1 during a state of physiological regulation of intestinal absorptive cell tight junctions. Enhanced permeation of absorptive cell junctions in response to activation of apical membrane Na(+)-solute cotransporters does not lead to redistribution of the ZO-1 pool, as judged from quantitative ultrastructural immunolocalization studies employing two different ZO-1 antibodies. Surprisingly, ZO-1, which normally localizes under junctional kisses/fibrils, focally persists at sites where junctional kisses/fibrils are cleared. These findings suggest that 1) spatial redistribution of ZO-1 does not contribute to physiological regulation of junctions elicited by activation of Na(+)-solute cotransport and 2) ZO-1 and junctional fibrils may spatially dissociate during such regulated states.

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Wu, Shuai, Nail Fatkhutdinov, Leah Rosin, Jennifer M. Luppino, Osamu Iwasaki, Hideki Tanizawa, Hsin-Yao Tang, et al. "ARID1A spatially partitions interphase chromosomes." Science Advances 5, no. 5 (May 2019): eaaw5294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaw5294.

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ARID1A, a subunit of the SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable (SWI/SNF) chromatin-remodeling complex, localizes to both promoters and enhancers to influence transcription. However, the role of ARID1A in higher-order spatial chromosome partitioning and genome organization is unknown. Here, we show that ARID1A spatially partitions interphase chromosomes and regulates higher-order genome organization. The SWI/SNF complex interacts with condensin II, and they display significant colocalizations at enhancers. ARID1A knockout drives the redistribution of condensin II preferentially at enhancers, which positively correlates with changes in transcription. ARID1A and condensin II contribute to transcriptionally inactive B-compartment formation, while ARID1A weakens the border strength of topologically associated domains. Condensin II redistribution induced by ARID1A knockout positively correlates with chromosome sizes, which negatively correlates with interchromosomal interactions. ARID1A loss increases the trans interactions of small chromosomes, which was validated by three-dimensional interphase chromosome painting. These results demonstrate that ARID1A is important for large-scale genome folding and spatially partitions interphase chromosomes.

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Dornes, Pablo F., John W. Pomeroy, Alain Pietroniro, and Diana L. Verseghy. "Effects of Spatial Aggregation of Initial Conditions and Forcing Data on Modeling Snowmelt Using a Land Surface Scheme." Journal of Hydrometeorology 9, no. 4 (August 1, 2008): 789–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007jhm958.1.

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Abstract Small-scale topography and snow redistribution have important effects on snow-cover heterogeneity and the timing, rate, and duration of spring snowmelt in mountain tundra environments. However, land surface schemes (LSSs) are usually applied as a means to provide large-scale surface states and vertical fluxes to atmospheric models and do not normally incorporate topographic effects or horizontal fluxes in their calculations A study was conducted in Granger Creek, an 8-km2 catchment within Wolf Creek Research Basin in the Yukon Territory, Canada, to examine whether inclusion of the effects of wind redistribution of snow between landscape units, and slope and aspect in snowmelt calculations for tiles, could improve the simulation of snowmelt by an LSS. Measured snow accumulation, reflecting overwinter wind redistribution of snow, was used to provide initial conditions for the melt simulation, and physically based algorithms from a small-scale hydrological model were used to calculate radiation on slopes during melt. Based on consideration of the spatial distribution of snow accumulation, topography, and shrub cover in the basin, it was divided into five landscapes units (tiles) for simulation of mass and energy balance using an LSS during melt. Effects of averaging initial conditions and forcing data on LSS model performance were contrasted against distributed simulations. Results showed that, in most of the cases, simulations using aggregated initial conditions and forcing data gave unsuccessful descriptions of snow ablation whereas the incorporation of both snow-cover redistribution and slope and aspect effects in an LSS improved the prediction of snowmelt rate, timing, and duration.

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Тарабукина, Лена, Lena Tarabukina, Владимир Козлов, and Vladimir Kozlov. "Spatial and temporal distribution of lightning strokes over North Asia and its comparison with solar activity variations in 2009–2016." Solar-Terrestrial Physics 3, no. 2 (August 9, 2017): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/stp-32201711.

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We analyze variations of lightning activity presented by the lightning stroke number obtained by the World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) within the territory with boundaries 40–80° N and 60–180° E in 2009–2016. There are two regions with high lightning activity: western (48–60° N, 60–90° E) and eastern (40–55° N, 110–140° E). The lightning stroke density in these regions is 10–100 times higher than that in surrounding areas. The comparison between daily variations of lightning stroke number and the 10.7 cm solar radio flux shows no correlation: the linear cor-relation coefficient varied from –0.55 to 0.86 in the western region and from –0.78 to 0.39 in the eastern region during all summer seasons. During the ascending phase of solar cycle 24, there was a spatial lightning redistribution between the western and eastern regions of high lightning activity. During peaks of the solar cy-cle and its descending phase, the redistribution was not so pronounced as that during the ascending

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Bernard, Claude, and Marc R. Laverdière. "Spatial redistribution of Cs-137 and soil erosion on Orléans Island, Québec." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 72, no. 4 (November 1, 1992): 543–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss92-045.

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Cs-137 redistribution data have been used to estimate the extent and the pattern of long-term soil erosion in the Québec City area. Mean annual net soil movements ranging from a deposition of 10.8 t ha−1 yr−1 to a loss of 31.8 t ha−1 yr−1 were estimated. The slope steepness and the land use significantly influenced the estimated rates of soil movement, while soil texture was less important, probably because of the soils’ sandy texture or the high content of organic carbon, which kept their erodibility low. The net soil losses estimated from Cs-137 data were consistently higher than those predicted by the USLE. Besides net soil losses, it was possible to estimate separately the magnitude of soil detachment and soil deposition. Two–thirds of the stations sampled experienced net soil loss while the remaining third showed evidence of soil accumulation. These data suggest that the small net soil losses measured for low erosive conditions (flat slopes, dairy farming) result from important soil redeposition rates as much as from small soil detachment rates. Cs-137 redistribution data not only produce reliable estimates of soil movement rates, but also allow enhanced estimates of the agronomic and environmental impacts of soil erosion.Key words: Cs-137, erosion, sedimentation, USLE, sediment delivery ratio

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Demetriou, Demetris, Linda See, and John Stillwell. "A Spatial Multi-Criteria Model for the Evaluation of Land Redistribution Plans." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 1, no. 3 (November 9, 2012): 272–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi1030272.

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Vanek, Francis M. "Analysis of the potential for spatial redistribution of freight using mathematical programming." European Journal of Operational Research 131, no. 1 (May 2001): 62–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-2217(99)00444-0.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Spatial redistribution'

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