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Journal articles on the topic 'Spatial potentialities'
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1
Elarji, Dalal. "Minor Spatial Tactics from the Floating University Berlin and Agrocité Paris." SAGE Open 12, no. 4 (October 2022): 215824402211418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440221141875.
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Emboldened by the economic crisis of 2007 to 2008, a growing rhizome of socially and politically engaged spatial practices have resorted to alternative modes of producing architecture that focus more on its societal aspirations. Aiming to uncover some of the potentialities of the projects that emerged from this growing rhizome to introduce other modes of making architecture while resisting dominant ones, this paper considers the Deleuzian-Guattarian concept of the “minor” to propose an alternative reading of such projects as “minor architectures,” that is, critical practices that resist the canon and act in the crevices of the mainstream. Using ethnographic research methods on two empirical cases, namely the Floating Berlin designed by Raumlabor and Agrocité Paris designed by Atelier d’Architecture Autogérée, the paper identifies “minor” spatial tactics of making architecture that go beyond the limit(ation)s of the practice: (1) resisting the architectural object as a static entity, (2) fostering collective expression, (3) exploring potentialities by reterritorializing interstitial spaces, and (4) creating haptic and affective experiences. The paper reflects on the concept of the minor as an operational tool that could help break away from dominant systems of architectural production.
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Staricco, Luca, and Elisabetta Vitale Brovarone. "Implementing TOD around suburban and rural stations: an exploration of spatial potentialities and constraints." Urban Research & Practice 13, no. 3 (November 3, 2018): 276–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17535069.2018.1541475.
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Luisa Maffini, Ana, and Clarice Maraschin. "Urban Segregation and Socio-Spatial Interactions: A Configurational Approach." Urban Science 2, no. 3 (July 12, 2018): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci2030055.
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Urban segregation is an inherent feature of cities and becomes a problem when excluding or hindering certain groups from accessing services, activities and spaces. In Brazil, segregation by social class is dominant in the structure of cities and public policies rarely address urban configuration as part of the segregation problem. This work addresses segregation with a shift in emphasis from traditional housing segregation to segregation as the restraint of socio-spatial interactions, thus including other facets of the phenomenon that have not yet been properly explored and seeking new spatially relevant metrics. This paper aims to present a methodology of segregation analysis based on configurational models and develop an empirical application in a Brazilian city. Representing the probabilities of interaction between different socio-economic groups in public spaces, a configurational model was used, addressing retail-residence spatial relationship. The attributes of population size, household income and number of retail establishments were considered. The results allowed identifying the probabilistic residence-retail trajectories for high and low income groups, providing a first measure of spatial segregation. The conclusions seek to highlight the importance of configurational approaches for segregation studies, as well as to show potentialities and limits of this methodology.
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Correia, Virginia Ragoni de Moraes, Marilia Sá Carvalho, Paulo Chagastelles Sabroza, and Cíntia Honório Vasconcelos. "Remote sensing as a tool to survey endemic diseases in Brazil." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 20, no. 4 (August 2004): 891–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-311x2004000400003.
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The objective of this study, based on a systematic literature review, is to present the characteristics and potentialities of remote sensing as a useful environmental surveillance tool for applied research in the control of endemics in Brazil. Onboard satellite sensors allow for monitoring the territory, furnishing spatial and temporal information on various scales and regions in the electromagnetic spectrum. Based on the literature review on the application of this technology to the study of endemics and the identification of the potential of new sensors with better spectral, spatial, and temporal resolutions, this study highlights perspectives for the use of remote sensing in the study of important endemics for Brazil.
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Oxx, Katie, Allan Brimicombe, and Johnathan Rush. "Envisioning Deep Maps: Exploring the Spatial Navigation Metaphor in Deep Mapping." International Journal of Humanities and Arts Computing 7, no. 1-2 (October 2013): 201–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ijhac.2013.0090.
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The spatial turn within the humanities and need for data richness has led to the re-conceptualisation and exploration of maps as ‘deep maps.’ Building narratives of place is becoming increasingly contingent on data landscapes as opposed to the physical landscapes within which they are situated. To make the assumption that GIS can form the basis for deep maps is to privilege the spatial dimension (and spatial data) over all others. We have sought in our experimentation to take a more open, balanced approach as to how a deep map might be organised as a way of learning/reflecting on what elements a framework should contain. Our subject matter here necessitated attention to the challenges and potentialities of deep mapping ‘things deemed religious.’ We found spatial navigation to be useful for visualizing physical and metaphysical linkages, integrating the geographical portions of our spatial narrative as well as organizing thoughts off the map.
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Protsyuk, Marina V. "COMBINED STRUCTURES AS A BASIS OF CHILDREN'S PLAYING OBJECT FORMS." Architecton: Proceedings of Higher Education, no. 2(70) (June 29, 2020): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.47055/1990-4126-2020-2(70)-17.
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The article considers combined structures, a new principle of form development in spatial design. The characteristics and potentialities of this method for designing children's play environments are reviewed. A correlation analysis of modular and structural principles of form design as a basis for the creation of more complex structures is carried out. Similar approaches and treatments available in the theory are identified. It is emphasized that this approach to form could help diversify children's play environments and fill them with new meanings.
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Ghannadi, M. A., M. Saadatseresht, and M. Motagh. "SENTINEL-1 IMAGE MATCHING USING STRONG SCATTERS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-1-W5 (December 11, 2015): 233–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-1-w5-233-2015.
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The availability of new radar spaceborne sensors offers new interesting potentialities for the geomatics application: spatial and temporal change detection, generation of Digital Elevation Model(DEM) using radargrametry and interferometry. Since the start of the sentinel-1 mission to take images from different regions all over the world, the ability to use these images in variety domains has been treasured. This paper suggests a method for image matching using strong scatters. all the experiments are done on sentinel-1 stereo images from Jam, Bushehr, Iran.
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Dal Sasso, Silvano Fortunato, Alonso Pizarro, and Salvatore Manfreda. "Recent Advancements and Perspectives in UAS-Based Image Velocimetry." Drones 5, no. 3 (August 22, 2021): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones5030081.
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Videos acquired from Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) allow for monitoring river systems at high spatial and temporal resolutions providing unprecedented datasets for hydrological and hydraulic applications. The cost-effectiveness of these measurement methods stimulated the diffusion of image-based frameworks and approaches at scientific and operational levels. Moreover, their application in different environmental contexts gives us the opportunity to explore their reliability, potentialities and limitations, and future perspectives and developments. This paper analyses the recent progress on this topic, with a special focus on the main challenges to foster future research studies.
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Ogaryov, E. V., and A. K. Morozov. "Diagnostic Potentialities of Multispiral Computed Tomography for Hip Joint Evaluation in Children and Adolescents." N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics 20, no. 4 (December 15, 2013): 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vto20130468-75.
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Multispiral computed tomography (MSCT) is a method of choice for evaluation of bone structure condition, as well as for visualization of growth zones, main and additional ossific nuclea of the articular elements. Besides, MSCT provides precise evaluation of spatial orientation of hip joint components, pattern of bone fragments displacement in traumatic injuries, localization of pathologic focus in bone pathology and degree of adjacent anatomic structures involvement. Contrast enhancement (double-contrast technique) markedly widens potentialities of this method as it enables to evaluate the condition of articular cartilage and soft tissue structures that is the most actual in young children.
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Guimarães, Nathalie, Luís Pádua, Pedro Marques, Nuno Silva, Emanuel Peres, and Joaquim J. Sousa. "Forestry Remote Sensing from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: A Review Focusing on the Data, Processing and Potentialities." Remote Sensing 12, no. 6 (March 24, 2020): 1046. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12061046.
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Currently, climate change poses a global threat, which may compromise the sustainability of agriculture, forestry and other land surface systems. In a changing world scenario, the economic importance of Remote Sensing (RS) to monitor forests and agricultural resources is imperative to the development of agroforestry systems. Traditional RS technologies encompass satellite and manned aircraft platforms. These platforms are continuously improving in terms of spatial, spectral, and temporal resolutions. The high spatial and temporal resolutions, flexibility and lower operational costs make Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) a good alternative to traditional RS platforms. In the management process of forests resources, UAVs are one of the most suitable options to consider, mainly due to: (1) low operational costs and high-intensity data collection; (2) its capacity to host a wide range of sensors that could be adapted to be task-oriented; (3) its ability to plan data acquisition campaigns, avoiding inadequate weather conditions and providing data availability on-demand; and (4) the possibility to be used in real-time operations. This review aims to present the most significant UAV applications in forestry, identifying the appropriate sensors to be used in each situation as well as the data processing techniques commonly implemented.
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Perles, María-Jesús, Juan F. Sortino, and Matías F. Mérida. "The Neighborhood Contagion Focus as a Spatial Unit for Diagnosis and Epidemiological Action against COVID-19 Contagion in Urban Spaces: A Methodological Proposal for Its Detection and Delimitation." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 6 (March 18, 2021): 3145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063145.
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The concept of neighborhood contagion focus is defined and justified as a basic spatial unit for epidemiological diagnosis and action, and a specific methodological procedure is provided to detect and map focuses and micro-focuses of contagion without using regular or artificial spatial units. The starting hypothesis is that the contagion in urban spaces manifests unevenly in the form of clusters of cases that are generated and developed by neighborhood contagion. Methodologically, the spatial distribution of those infected in the study area, the city of Málaga (Spain), is firstly analyzed from the disaggregated and anonymous address information. After defining the concept of neighborhood contagion focus and justifying its morphological parameters, a method to detect and map neighborhood contagion focus in urban settings is proposed and applied to the study case. As the main results, the existence of focuses and micro-focuses in the spatial pattern of contagion is verified. Focuses are considered as an ideal spatial analysis unit, and the advantages and potentialities of the use of mapping focus as a useful tool for health and territorial management in different phases of the epidemic are shown.
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Ferraris, Sara, Silvia Spriano, Alessandro Calogero Scalia, Andrea Cochis, Lia Rimondini, Iriczalli Cruz-Maya, Vincenzo Guarino, Alessio Varesano, and Claudia Vineis. "Topographical and Biomechanical Guidance of Electrospun Fibers for Biomedical Applications." Polymers 12, no. 12 (December 3, 2020): 2896. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12122896.
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Electrospinning is gaining increasing interest in the biomedical field as an eco-friendly and economic technique for production of random and oriented polymeric fibers. The aim of this review was to give an overview of electrospinning potentialities in the production of fibers for biomedical applications with a focus on the possibility to combine biomechanical and topographical stimuli. In fact, selection of the polymer and the eventual surface modification of the fibers allow selection of the proper chemical/biological signal to be administered to the cells. Moreover, a proper design of fiber orientation, dimension, and topography can give the opportunity to drive cell growth also from a spatial standpoint. At this purpose, the review contains a first introduction on potentialities of electrospinning for the obtainment of random and oriented fibers both with synthetic and natural polymers. The biological phenomena which can be guided and promoted by fibers composition and topography are in depth investigated and discussed in the second section of the paper. Finally, the recent strategies developed in the scientific community for the realization of electrospun fibers and for their surface modification for biomedical application are presented and discussed in the last section.
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Alves, Susana. "Affordances of Historic Urban Landscapes: An Ecological Understanding of Human Interaction with the Past." European Spatial Research and Policy 21, no. 2 (January 27, 2015): 13–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/esrp-2015-0002.
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Heritage has been defined differently in European contexts. Despite differences, a common challenge for historic urban landscape management is the integration of tangible and intangible heritage. Integration demands an active view of perception and human-landscape interaction where intangible values are linked to specific places and meanings are attached to particular cultural practices and socio-spatial organisation. Tangible and intangible values can be examined as part of a system of affordances (potentialities) a place, artefact or cultural practice has to offer. This paper discusses how an ‘affordance analysis’ may serve as a useful tool for the management of historic urban landscapes.
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Nóbrega, M. T., E. Serra, H. Silveira, P. M. B. Terassi, and C. M. Bonifácio. "Landscape structure in the Pirapó, Paranapanema 3 and 4 Hydrographic Unit, in the state of Paraná, Brazil." Brazilian Journal of Biology 75, no. 4 suppl 2 (November 27, 2015): 107–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.00913suppl.
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The aim of this study is to characterize the Pirapó, Paranapanema 3 and 4 Hydrographic Unit, emphasizing its physical attributes and processes of use and occupation, responsible for the structure of the current landscape and the state of its water resources. The recognition of the landscape’s spatial structure in the hydrographic unit and its drainage basins was obtained by integrated analysis of the main elements that compose it: geology, landforms (hypsometric and slope), soils, climate and land use. Analysis revealed that within each drainage basin several variations in the spatial structure of the landscape occur which produce an internal compartmentalization. Each compartment is defined by its own geo-ecological structure, physiognomic standards and dynamics, reflected in its potentialities and vulnerabilities and in the conditions of water resources in the wake of occupation and use over time.
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Thierion, Vincent, Samuel Alleaume, Christine Jacqueminet, Christelle Vigneau, Kristell Michel, and Sandra Luque. "The potential of Pléiades imagery for vegetation mapping: an example of grasslands and pastoral environments." Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection, no. 208 (October 23, 2014): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.52638/rfpt.2014.124.
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Nowadays the use of remote sensing for vegetation mapping over large areas is becoming progressively common, with the increase of satellites providing a good trade-off between metric spatial resolution and large swath (e.g. Spot 5, RapidEye). In France, the government launched an ambitious project to map all terrestrial habitats of the national territory. — Thus, CarHAB project uses remote sensing technology to support field work and ground observations for vegetation mapping in support to the 11 National Botanical Conservatories working on the whole of French territory. For this purpose, a physiognomic typology has been produced. This typology captures the intrinsic structure of vegetation and potentially its land use. In order to improve semantic and geometric accuracy of the vegetation cover, the use of infra-metric imagery, such as the ones provided by Pléiades constellation offer valuable insights. This imagery offers visual and geometric potentialities closed to aerial photos but with the advantage of better spectral information. Results presented in this research focus on physiognomic mapping of natural and semi-natural vegetation of pasture, grasslands and farmland areas in Isere Department in France. The potentialities of Pléiades imagery are demonstrated by evaluating separability capabilities of textural analysis of woody and herbaceous habitats and vegetation associated to screes.
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Mironov, S. P., N. P. Omel’Yanenko, I. N. Karpov, A. V. Ivanov, and A. V. Khlystova. "Initial Steps of Distraction Osteosynthesis." Vestnik travmatologii i ortopedii imeni N.N. Priorova, no. 1 (March 30, 2015): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.32414/0869-8678-2015-1-6-11.
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Analysis of literature data dedicated to the study of distraction osteosynthesis is presented. In accordance with the ideas of the mechanisms of reparative regeneration in distraction osteosynthesis, the main factors responsible for the triggering of reparative regeneration are artificially created tissue “deficit” and tension-stress effect on the vascular network that was formed during the latent period. Consecutive local effect of growth factors and other peptide regulators provides sufficient level of reparative osteogenesis within the whole distraction period. The volume and quality of newly formed bone tissue depend upon the spatial and temporal characteristics of distraction as well as on the potentialities of concrete individual.
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Mironov, S. P., N. P. Omel’yanenko, I. N. Karpov, A. V. Ivanov, and A. V. Khlystova. "Nachal'nye etapy distraktsionnogo osteogeneza." N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics 22, no. 1 (March 15, 2015): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vto20152216-11.
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Analysis of literature data dedicated to the study of distraction osteosynthesis is presented. In accordance with the ideas of the mechanisms of reparative regeneration in distraction osteosynthesis, the main factors responsible for the triggering of reparative regeneration are artificially created tissue “deficit” and tension-stress effect on the vascular network that was formed during the latent period. Consecutive local effect of growth factors and other peptide regulators provides sufficient level of reparative osteogenesis within the whole distraction period. The volume and quality of newly formed bone tissue depend upon the spatial and temporal characteristics of distraction as well as on the potentialities of concrete individual.
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Billionnet, Alain. "Spatial Optimization of Wildlife Populations with Probabilistic Habitat Connections." Forest Science 57, no. 4 (August 1, 2011): 336–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/57.4.336.
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Abstract I consider a land area divided into cells and the problem that consists of determining the cells that must be harvested and the cells that must be left in old-growth to maximize the size of wildlife populations that depend on amounts of young- and old-growth forest. In each old-growth cell, the size of the old-growth-dependent population depends on the spatial arrangement of the old-growth cells, specifically of the probability that the cell is connected to at least one other old-growth cell. This problem suggested by Hof and Bevers can be easily formulated by a difficult nonlinear 0-1 program. These authors proposed a linear approximation of a special case of the pairwise connection probabilities. The aim of this article was to show that the problem can be solved simply and efficiently with any set of connection probabilities by using standard 0-1 linear programming software. The key feature to transform the nonlinear program into a linear program is an approximation of the logarithmic function curve by some of its tangents. Computational results on hypothetical grid forests with up to 900 cells are presented to illustrate potentialities of the approach. Near-optimal solutions guaranteed to be within 0.5% of the optimal solution are obtained in less than 10 minutes of computing time.
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Ralevic, Miodrag, Tatjana Mrdjenovic, and Esad Muminović. "Conjunction of Local and Global Processes Towards Qualitative Integrated Urban Development of Danube Region." Architecture and Urban Planning 15, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aup-2019-0012.
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AbstractWe are witnesses of continuous and turbulent complexity process of urban development at every spatial level. The presence of information and communication technologies in every aspect of our life leads to the fact that there is no more “delay” in between global and local changes. This conjunction changes the paradigm of urban development, which is now in networking, communication and integration. This paper discusses these relations described as hypothesis within Castells’ paradigm of network society and project identity that should be developed on local level in order to be a part of – a node of global network, and to survive and develop its potentialities and capacities. This paradigm is discussed in relation to C. Alexander’s, E. Howard’s, and P. Geeds’ approach in order to define principles and steps of integration of different spatial levels toward more coherent, harmonized urban development. The research applies theoretical approaches of networking towards integrated development of Danube region.
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Trujillo-Torres, Sebastián. "Learning from (In)Constant Infrastructures." Dearq, no. 38 (January 31, 2024): 24–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.18389/dearq38.2024.03.
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As part of a larger research endeavour, this article operates in the context of current conditions and potentialities of street vending in India, as a city-making constant. It begins by examining frequent, yet, questionable tropes utilised to justify their exclusion from urban planning and design narratives as a main issue to debate: tropes that are then debunked and disproven, after methodically mapping and unpacking the design and infrastructural features of selected case studies. Street vending is therefore explored as a distinct type of infrastructural system in itself, one which is simultaneously a constant factor, and an inconstant array of procedures and processes. It possesses distinct temporal and spatial features seemingly incompatible with conventional planning and design understandings. This article is therefore intended to attempt not only to legitimize the spatial-systemic practices of these infrastructures as a developmental asset, but to outline clues for designers to reimagine urban futures that can lead to more equitable city-making practices.
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Pompeu, João, Luciana Soler, and Jean Ometto. "Modelling Land Sharing and Land Sparing Relationship with Rural Population in the Cerrado." Land 7, no. 3 (July 21, 2018): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land7030088.
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Agricultural expansion and intensification enabled growth of food production but resulted in serious environmental changes. In light of that, debates concerning sustainability in agriculture arises on scientific literature. Land sharing and land sparing are two opposite models for framing agricultural sustainability. The first aims to integrate agricultural activities with biodiversity conservation by means of enhancing the quality of the agricultural matrix in the landscape towards a wildlife friendly matrix. The other model aims to spare natural habitats from agriculture for conservation. This work aimed to explore spatial evidences of land sharing/sparing and its relationship with rural population in the Brazilian Cerrado. A Land Sharing/Sparing Index based on TerraClass Cerrado map was proposed. Spatial analysis based on Global and Local Moran statistics and Geographically Weighted Regression were made in order to explore the influence of local rural population on the probability of spatial land sharing/sparing clusters occurrence. Spatial patterns of land sharing were found in the Cerrado and a positive association with rural population was found in some regions, such as in its northern portion. Land use policies should consider regional infrastructural and participative governance potentialities. The results suggests possible areas where joint agricultural activities and human presence may be favourable for biodiversity conservation.
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Santos Júnior, Edvaldo Pereira, Elias Gabriel Magalhães Silva, Maria Helena de Sousa, Emmanuel Damilano Dutra, Antonio Samuel Alves da Silva, Aldo Torres Sales, Everardo Valadares de Sa Barretto Sampaio, Luiz Moreira Coelho Junior, and Rômulo Simões Cezar Menezes. "Potentialities and Impacts of Biomass Energy in the Brazilian Northeast Region." Energies 16, no. 9 (May 5, 2023): 3903. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16093903.
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In Northeast Brazil, the use of biomass for energy generation is settled on traditional productive arrangements, such as a sugarcane production system in the humid Atlantic coastal area and firewood extraction from native tropical dry forests in the west. In parallel, substantial amounts of other biomass sources, such as residues from agricultural or urban processes, are still little used or wholly wasted, fudging the opportunity to generate new value chains based on these biomass sources. We hypothesize that using these non-traditional biomass sources to produce biofuels would significantly increase the regional bioenergy supply. In this context, this article discusses the potential for the production and use of biofuels and bioenergy in Northeast Brazil and its effects on regional development, which may be useful for both private actors and policymakers in the energy sector. The use of biomass sources for energy in the region is significant, reaching approximately 8.8 million tons of oil equivalent (toe) per year, emphasizing the already consolidated production of sugarcane and its derivatives. The use of all biomass resources in the Northeast region could supply around 4% of the Brazilian national electrical energy demand, with an environmental footprint of 0.055 tCO2eq per toe, which would contribute to reducing emissions from the Brazilian energy matrix generation. Regarding the spatial distribution of biomass sources, sugarcane prevails on the coast, firewood and livestock manure in the dryland area towards the west, and municipal solid waste is distributed throughout the region within urban areas. Different from what we expected, the potential energy recovery from municipal waste and animal manure would increase by only 17% the current bioenergy supply. In the future, since the majority of the region presents a semi-arid climate with limited rainfall, to increase the use of biomass as an energy source, there is a need to increase the supply of biomass sources with high efficiency in water use and good yields in drylands. For this, the cultivation and use of cacti and agave, for example, could contribute to making biorefineries viable in the region. Above all, public policies for harnessing bioenergy in NE Brazil must seek opportunities associated with the carbon/decarbonization economy, with studies being needed to assess the technical, economic, social, and environmental viability of future productive arrangements.
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Baup, F., E. Mougin, P. de Rosnay, P. Hiernaux, F. Frappart, P. L. Frison, M. Zribi, and J. Viarre. "Mapping surface soil moisture over the Gourma mesoscale site (Mali) by using ENVISAT ASAR data." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 15, no. 2 (February 18, 2011): 603–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-603-2011.
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Abstract. The potentialities of ENVISAT ASAR (Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar) multi-angle data for mapping surface soil moisture (SSM) in Sahelian rangelands are investigated at medium scale (30 000 km2). The Wide Swath data are selected to take advantage of their high temporal repetitivity (about 8 days at the considered scale) associated to a moderate spatial resolution (150 m). In the continuity of previous studies conducted at a local scale in the same region, SSM maps are here processed over the whole AMMA Gourma mesoscale site at 1 km resolution scale. Overall, the generated maps are found to be in good agreement with field data, EPSAT-SG (Estimation des Pluies par SATellite – Second Generation) rainfall estimates and ERS (European Remote Sensing) Wind Scatterometer (WSC) SSM products. The present study shows that the spatial pattern of SSM can be realistically estimated at a kilometric scale. The resulting SSM maps are expected to provide valuable information for initialisation of land surface models and the estimation of the spatial distribution of radiative fluxes. Particularly, SSM maps could help to desaggregate low-resolution products such as those derived from WSC data.
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Baup, F., E. Mougin, P. de Rosnay, P. Hiernaux, F. Frappart, P. L. Frison, and M. Zribi. "Mapping surface soil moisture over the Gourma mesoscale site (Mali) by using ENVISAT ASAR data." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 7, no. 5 (September 28, 2010): 7417–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-7-7417-2010.
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Abstract. The potentialities of ENVISAT ASAR (Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar) multi-angle data for mapping surface soil moisture (SSM) in Sahelian rangelands are investigated at medium scale (30 000 km2). The Wide Swath data are selected to take advantage of their high temporal repetitivity (about 8 days at the considered scale) associated to a moderate spatial resolution (150 m). In the continuity of previous studies conducted at a local scale in the same region, SSM maps are here processed over the whole AMMA Gourma mesoscale site at 1 km resolution scale. Overall, the generated maps are found to be in good agreement with field data, EPSAT-SG (Estimation des Pluies par SATellite – Second Generation) rainfall estimates and ERS (European Remote Sensing) Wind Scatterometer (WSC) SSM products. The present study shows that the spatial pattern of SSM can be realistically estimated at a kilometric scale. The resulting SSM maps are expected to provide valuable information for initialisation of land surface models and the estimation of the spatial distribution of radiative fluxes. Particularly, SSM maps could help to desaggregate low-resolution products such as those derived from WSC data.
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Papale, Lorenzo Giuliano, Giorgia Guerrisi, Davide De Santis, Giovanni Schiavon, and Fabio Del Frate. "Satellite Data Potentialities in Solid Waste Landfill Monitoring: Review and Case Studies." Sensors 23, no. 8 (April 12, 2023): 3917. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23083917.
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Remote sensing can represent an important instrument for monitoring landfills and their evolution over time. In general, remote sensing can offer a global and rapid view of the Earth’s surface. Thanks to a wide variety of heterogeneous sensors, it can provide high-level information, making it a useful technology for many applications. The main purpose of this paper is to provide a review of relevant methods based on remote sensing for landfill identification and monitoring. The methods found in the literature make use of measurements acquired from both multi-spectral and radar sensors and exploit vegetation indexes, land surface temperature, and backscatter information, either separately or in combination. Moreover, additional information can be provided by atmospheric sounders able to detect gas emissions (e.g., methane) and hyperspectral sensors. In order to provide a comprehensive overview of the full potential of Earth observation data for landfill monitoring, this article also provides applications of the main procedures presented to selected test sites. These applications highlight the potentialities of satellite-borne sensors for improving the detection and delimitation of landfills and enhancing the evaluation of waste disposal effects on environmental health. The results revealed that a single-sensor-based analysis can provide significant information on the landfill evolution. However, a data fusion approach that incorporates data acquired from heterogeneous sensors, including visible/near infrared, thermal infrared, and synthetic aperture radar (SAR), can result in a more effective instrument to fully support the monitoring of landfills and their effect on the surrounding area. In particular, the results show that a synergistic use of multispectral indexes, land surface temperature, and the backscatter coefficient retrieved from SAR sensors can improve the sensitivity to changes in the spatial geometry of the considered site.
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Oukawa, Carolina. "Potentialities of drawing from observation in architectural analysis based on an analysis of the Copan building." Estoa, no. 15 (2019): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.18537/est.v008.n015.a05.
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Observation drawing can be a central tool in architectural analysis. The starting point for reflection was the analytical path of Copan Building, icon of the architecture of São Paulo, designed in the 1950 by Oscar Niemeyer. One of the motivations of that research was the lack of architectural analysis as a discipline. In music, for example, structural disciplines (Harmony, Counterpoint and Musical Perception) lead to Musical Analysis discipline, which combines reading sheet music, listening to recordings and executing the play itself. Similarly, in architecture, observation drawing made in loco can be a tool of recognition of space. In Copan analysis, besides graphical analysis (the closest one still can get from an architectural analysis procedure) successive visits to the building were made. Observation drawing proved to increase spatial perception and, above all, led to discoveries about the work.
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Lamker, Christian. "Planning in uncharted waters: spatial transformations, planning transitions and role-reflexive planning." Raumforschung und Raumordnung Spatial Research and Planning 77, no. 2 (April 30, 2019): 199–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rara-2019-0012.
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AbstractFor planners, processes of complex spatial transformations today are comparable to uncharted land and an uncertain voyage. Many possible role images overlap and contrast to traditional and established ways of thinking and acting. The focus here is on navigating instead of controlling, about supporting instead of enforcing. Planning lacks tools to think and act when facing uncertainty. This paper proposes role-reflexive planning as an educational and experimental approach to thinking through different potentialities. It offers groundwork from the boundary between planning and transition studies, using role-based ideas as a bridge. It offers an overview about different roles that are relevant to working towards transformations as spatial planners. It develops an account of role-reflexive planning that connects between contexts, actions and back to individual modes of behaviour in planning processes. As a basis, this paper condenses experiences of a role-playing pilot workshop and discussions about potential elements of a transition towards 'post-growth planning'. It outlines how role-playing challenges the individual roles of actors beyond the game situations themselves. Conceptual ideas foster a renewed role-based debate on thinking and acting in the face of uncertainty and ways to navigate through the stormy waters of transformation.
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Mury, Antoine, Antoine Collin, and Dorothée James. "Morpho–Sedimentary Monitoring in a Coastal Area, from 1D to 2.5D, Using Airborne Drone Imagery." Drones 3, no. 3 (August 14, 2019): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones3030062.
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Coastal areas are among the most endangered places in the world, due to their exposure to both marine and terrestrial hazards. Coastal areas host more than two-thirds of the world’s population, and will become increasingly affected by global changes, in particular, rising sea levels. Monitoring and protecting the coastlines have impelled scientists to develop adequate tools and methods to spatially monitor morpho-sedimentary coastal areas. This paper presents the capabilities of the aerial drone, as an “all-in-one” technology, to drive accurate morpho-sedimentary investigations in 1D, 2D and 2.5D at very high resolution. Our results show that drone-related fine-resolution, high accuracies and point density outperform the state-of-the-science manned airborne passive and active methods for shoreline position tracking, digital elevation model as well as point cloud creation. We further discuss the reduced costs per acquisition campaign, the increased spatial and temporal resolution, and demonstrate the potentialities to carry out diachronic and volumetric analyses, bringing new perspectives for coastal scientists and managers.
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Panchenko, Tamara. "EVOLUTION OF SCIENTIFIC AND THEORETICAL CONTENT OF TERMINOLOGY ELEMENTS "RESORT-RECREATION-TOURISM"." Urban development and spatial planning, no. 77 (May 24, 2021): 378–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2076-815x.2021.77.378-387.
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Experience of territorial organization resort, recreational and tourism zones in Ukraine has been generalized. Problems of terminology and classification different territory-spatial objects have been characterized.
The article content embraces investigations in both theoretical and applied aspects in the field of geographic and town-building sciences. The publication purpose is to present the basic knowledge in the field of potentialities, main trends and prospects of regional development, creation of really comfortable infrastructure for rest and cultural development of the people.
The forming of architecture-landscape environment for rest and tourism is a result a complicated process of integration the unique natural and material objects using functional, organizational and transport-pedestrian relations and creation of various subject-spatial forms for performing the cultural, cognitive, ecological, recreational and other kinds of management.
The problems of development of the system «resort-recreation-tourism» as the branch of economy prove to be urgent. Basing on the main principles of «sustainable development» - ecologic, social, cultural and economic stability, the first-turn arrangements should consist in transformation rest and tourism enterprises with market mechanisms of functioning.
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Yao, Muller Y., Koffi Kouamé, Germain M. Adja, Serge Loua, Jean K. Kouame, and Roger P. J. Jourda. "Spatial Characterization of Groundwater Potential in the Complex Basement Zone (Dabakala Department, North-Central Côte d’Ivoire): A Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCD) Approach." European Journal of Environment and Earth Sciences 3, no. 4 (July 7, 2022): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejgeo.2022.3.4.273.
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The present hydrogeological study was carried out in the complex basement zone (Dabakala department, North-Central Côte d'Ivoire). Indeed, in this area, the population faces a real problem with the drinking water supply during the dry season. The aim of this study is to carry out a spatial characterization of groundwater potentialities in order to establish productive boreholes in the division. Ten decision criteria were developed and then aggregated. The methodology consisted in building a database based on these criteria, using remote sensing and GIS techniques. These criteria applied multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) using the Hierarchical Analytical Process (HAP) for their weighting. The resulting groundwater potential map was validated using the sensitivity trend curve technique. Ultimately, the results indicate that approximately 35% of the division’s area has strong to very strong groundwater potential.
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Soares, Delfim. "Coupled Numerical Methods to Analyze Interacting Acoustic-Dynamic Models by Multidomain Decomposition Techniques." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2011 (2011): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/245170.
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In this work, coupled numerical analysis of interacting acoustic and dynamic models is focused. In this context, several numerical methods, such as the finite difference method, the finite element method, the boundary element method, meshless methods, and so forth, are considered to model each subdomain of the coupled model, and multidomain decomposition techniques are applied to deal with the coupling relations. Two basic coupling algorithms are discussed here, namely the explicit direct coupling approach and the implicit iterative coupling approach, which are formulated based on explicit/implicit time-marching techniques. Completely independent spatial and temporal discretizations among the interacting subdomains are permitted, allowing optimal discretization for each sub-domain of the model to be considered. At the end of the paper, numerical results are presented, illustrating the performance and potentialities of the discussed methodologies.
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Baratto, Jakeline, Paulo Miguel de Bodas Terassi, Cássio Arthur Wollmann, José Francisco de Oliveira-Júnior, and Emerson Galvani. "Análise de agrupamento e tendências de mudanças em séries temporais pluviométricas na bacia hidrográfica do Alto Jacuí, Rio Grande do Sul." Geography Department University of Sao Paulo 43 (December 22, 2023): e191738. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/eissn.2236-2878.rdg.2023.191738.
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Climate studies in watersheds are very important for the water resources planning and management because they indicate climate extremes potentialities and risks. This paper aimed to identify homogeneous rainfall sectors associated with the evaluation of possible changes trends in rainfall series in the Alto Jacuí Watershed (AJW), Rio Grande do Sul State. Were used annual, monthly, and seasonal data from 27 rainfall with a historical series equivalent to 31 years, between the period from 1980 to 2010. The two main methodologies applied in this research corresponded to Cluster Analysis and the Mann-Kendall (MK) test to identify the spatial-temporal rainfall variability. The cluster analysis dendrogram was generated by the Statistica 7.0 software and the MK test and the climate extreme indicators of precipitation were obtained using the R software. Was verified that the orography conditions the rainfall spatial distribution in the AJW. Was identified the most significant trends were identified for the decrease in rainfall during autumn and winter and for the central-southern region of the study area. These results are important to AJW because they can warn to future water scarcity problems for study area.
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Foucher, P., P. Charbonnier, T. Noël, Y. Fosse, and J. F. Hébert. "SCANNING TUNNELS WITH TWO VERY HIGH-RESOLUTION LASER DEVICES AND A STACKER." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W18 (November 29, 2019): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w18-39-2019.
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Abstract. In this paper, we analyse the potentialities of the LCMS (Laser Crack Measurement System) sensors for tunnel inspection. Two of these sensors have been integrated into a flexible prototype developed by Cerema, allowing data from the entire tunnel to be recorded dynamically in a few passes. Thanks to this system, we were able to acquire, in a limited time, range and intensity images of the complete vaults of four tunnel tubes, with high spatial resolution, during experimental campaigns. We present image processing methods to take advantage of this type of image. These approaches initially involve improving data visualization and reconstructing a local 3D model. We propose some preliminary approaches to correct the distance image in order to better highlight local variations in depth. These data are currently being deployed for learning neural networks for defect detection.
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Biagetti, Stefano, Francesca Merighi, and Savino di Lernia. "DECODING AN EARLY HOLOCENE SAHARAN STRATIFIED SITE. CERAMIC DISPERSION AND SITE FORMATION PROCESSES IN THE TAKARKORI ROCK-SHELTER, ACACUS MOUNTAINS, LIBYA." Journal of African Archaeology 2, no. 1 (October 25, 2004): 3–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3213/1612-1651-10016.
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The surface pottery from a well-preserved Holocene archaeological site in south-western Libya is analysed. The collection suggests a long and protracted human occupation of the shelter, from Late Acacus (Mesolithic) hunter-gatherers to Late Pastoral (Neolithic) herders. Aim of the work is to decode the dynamic history of the site via the study of its surface elements, both artefacts and ecofacts, and the way they interacted over the millennia. To do this, traditional ceramic analysis is combined with recently developed methods of description imported from sedimentology, stressing the potentialities of surface archaeological material. In this framework, spatial analysis of scattered potsherds, in connection with their quantitative and qualitative features and chronological attribution, appears of main relevance in the analysis of site formation processes and postdepositional events that altered the archaeological deposit, transforming its present surface.
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GIGLIETTO, N. "STATUS AND PERSPECTIVES OF GLAST GAMMA RAY EXPERIMENT." International Journal of Modern Physics A 20, no. 29 (November 20, 2005): 7009–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x05030703.
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GLAST, the Gamma-ray Large Area Telescope, is a satellite-based experiment able to measure the cosmic gamma-ray flux in the energy range between 20 MeV and 300 GeV or above. The sensitivity is more than 30 times respect to EGRET and the good spatial and time resolution over a large field of view let us to cover a large variety of high energy phenomena. In particular GLAST will be able to study both diffuse emission and point-like gamma ray sources, including active galactic nuclei, gamma ray bursts, pulsars and supernova remnants. In addition, the potentialities of GLAST to explore rare or exotic phenomena like supersymmetric dark matter annihilations will be shown. The present knowledge of the science opportunities that the GLAST experiment can explore will be completed with the detector description and the current status of the experiment.
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Mulas, Marco, Giuseppe Ciccarese, Giovanni Truffelli, and Alessandro Corsini. "Integration of Digital Image Correlation of Sentinel-2 Data and Continuous GNSS for Long-Term Slope Movements Monitoring in Moderately Rapid Landslides." Remote Sensing 12, no. 16 (August 12, 2020): 2605. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12162605.
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This work explores the advantages and drawbacks of the application of Digital Image Correlation (DIC) to Sentinel-2 Multi Spectral Instrument (MSI) data in conjunction with continuous Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) monitoring. The goal is to retrieve a spatially distributed and long-term time-series of slope movements in large-scale moderately rapid landslides. The short revisit time of Sentinel-2 satellites (5 days since March 2017 and 10 days before) increases the availability of cloud and snow free satellite acquisitions of the area of interest, which is a prerequisite for the extrapolation of slope movement time-series using DIC techniques. Despite the Sentinel-2 limited spatial resolution, the derived long time-series can be integrated with—and validated by—continuous GNSS monitoring data. This allows to effectively monitor landslide movements that are too fast for the application of interferometric approaches. In this study, we used the Normalized Cross Correlation (NCC) digital image correlation technique by 51 Sentinel-2 MSI scenes (band 4 with 10 m spatial resolution), acquired between 19 February 2016 and 16 July 2019, to derive the slope movement time-series of the Ca’ Lita earthslide-earthflow in the northern Apennines (Italy). During the period considered, the landslide experienced two to three months-long phases of moderately rapid velocity (around 10 m/month) and, in between, prolonged periods of slow movements (approx. 10 cm/month). NCC results have been integrated with, and are compared to, time series from three continuous GNSS devices located in different geomorphic zones of the landslide. On this basis, the errors and limitations associated to NCC time series are analysed and discussed together with their advantages and potentialities for assessing the spatial distribution and monitoring slope movements during moderately rapid reactivation events.
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Flipo, Aurore, Patricia Lejoux, and Nicolas Ovtracht. "Remote and connected." REGION 9, no. 2 (September 27, 2022): 87–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.18335/region.v9i2.405.
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Originally associated to big cities' centres, coworking spaces and «third-places» have been blooming in rural regions and small towns over the past five years. The development of those places has been critically supported by local and national authorities, with a growing interest from rural localities. Indeed, those places are supposed to provide answers to numerous contemporary territorial challenges, and to tackle several dimensions or rural vulnerability. They are supposed to enhance sustainability by reducing the need to commute and car-dependence, by bringing both workplaces and services closer from home. They are also mobilised to tackle the issue of the digital gap between centres and peripheries, providing digital infrastructures and hardware. Finally, they are supposed to reduce territorial inequalities by strenghtening rural entrepreneurship, safeguarding local jobs, facilitating professional retraining and attract new residents by providing an easier access to telework.
Conducted between 2018 and 2020 in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, our study provides some elements to evaluate the effects of those places on territorial vulnerability and marginality. Based on the study of 17 coworking spaces situated in rural areas, their funders’ trajectories and their users’ profiles, we discuss the motives and the expected returns of those places, and their actual potentialities and limits.
We first present the definitions of coworking spaces and third-places, the origin of their recent spread in the rural areas and the main features of their geographical locations. Then, we present the rationales behind the creation and attendance to those places, by analysing funders and users’ trajectories and motives. We then present the potentialities and limits of third-places on territorial vulnerability. In the discussion, we interrogate the notion of marginality at the light of those places, that can be defined essentially as spatial and social networks. Indeed, our study enlights the diversity of lifestyles in the rural areas. Coworkers display particular spatial anchorages, with local resources being valued, though combined with forms of plural and multilocalized belongings. Their relationship with the margin is chosen, controlled and reversible, sometimes even yearned for. Their connectedness is not so much defined by where they live rather than by who they know, embodying the predominantly social dimension of marginality.
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Wolf, Garrett, and Nathan Mahaffey. "Designing Difference: Co-Production of Spaces of Potentiality." Urban Planning 1, no. 1 (March 22, 2016): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v1i1.540.
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Design and Planning professionals have long been influenced by the belief in physically and spatially deterministic power over people and the environment, a belief that their representations of space become space. As a result the goal of design often becomes “fixing” or directing behavior and culture instead of letting culture happen. This outlook often prevents designers from engaging critically with culture, through representational space and spatial practice, as a crucial, possibly the most crucial, aspect in the design process. Just as human cultures interact to constantly reproduce and co-produce hybrid cultures, the professional designer and those users and experiencers of design (at whatever scale) must interact to co-produce spaces and places of activity. Through a critique of the practice of placemaking, we highlight the need to differentiate between participation and co-production. Understanding participation as one element of the design process and the role of design at larger scales of co-productive processes can help designers have a better understanding of how spaces are produced, and the role of designers in the creation of spaces of potentiality. Agamben’s writing on<em> potentialities </em>and Lefebvre’s spatial triad offer a theoretical framework to investigate the ethical role of professional designers in society while taking a critical stance against the singular solutions of modernist urban transformation. Spaces of Potentiality are seen here as a designer’s simultaneous withdrawal from rational problem solving and deterministic solutions, and an engagement with open source strategies for the co-production of urban space.
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BAUMGARTNER, Wendel H. "The expansion of the Brazilian Federal Universities Network as a vehicle for urban and regional sustainable development." European Journal of Geography 12, no. 2 (October 13, 2021): 74–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.48088/ejg.w.bau.12.2.074.089.
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The present research paper aims to analyze the spatial results of the expansion that Brazilian Federal Universities Network have presented between 2003 and 2018, looking forward the impacts and possibilities towards the achievement of urban and regional sustainable development. In economically obsolete or marginalized areas or in those with strong industrial dynamism or agribusiness production, these new campuses also can be understood as vehicles to promote economic security/growth, social equity and assure environmental integrity. Focusing in two empirical studies, based in qualitative and quantitative methodologies, besides the theoretical approach, in cities and regions of Bahia state which received two new universities, we present the economic contribution of the new campuses, the challenges and strategies to socially develop places with high amount of vulnerable population, and the environmental potentialities to build green campus, understood as a nature-based solution, and to implement the Sustainable Developing Goals.
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Ceccato, Vania. "Eyes and Apps on the Streets: From Surveillance to Sousveillance Using Smartphones." Criminal Justice Review 44, no. 1 (January 6, 2019): 25–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734016818818696.
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This article explores the concept of surveillance by assessing the nature of data gathered by users of a smartphone-based tool (app) developed in Sweden to assist citizens in reporting incidents in public spaces. This article first illustrates spatial and temporal patterns of records gathered over 9 months in Stockholm County using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to exemplify the process of sousveillance via app. Then, the experiences of user group members, collected using an app-based survey, are analyzed. Findings show that the incident reporting app is more often used to report an incident and less often to prevent it. Preexistent social networks in neighborhoods are fundamental for widespread adoption of the app, often used as a tool in Neighborhood Watch schemes in high-crime areas. Although the potentialities of using app data are open, these results call for more in-depth evaluations of smartphone data for safety interventions.
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Champagne, Yves, and Nathalie McCarthy. "Analysis of the stability of multiple-phase-shift distributed-feedback semiconductor lasers." Canadian Journal of Physics 71, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1993): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p93-006.
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The effects of the longitudinal spatial hole burning on the static lasing characteristics of a specific configuration of distributed-feedback semiconductor laser with three phase-shift regions are investigated using a numerical approach. A serious degradation of the stability of the optimum design, having the flattest axial intensity distribution at low output power, is predicted for drive levels beyond a critical value. The lasing wavelength exhibits a sudden shift (wavelength chirping), along with a significant degradation of the single-mode character of the longitudinal-mode spectrum. Thus, the potentialities of this multiple-phase-shift structure to provide a stable narrow-linewidth emission at high output power appear to be less than expected from results calculated for the near-threshold regime. Nevertheless, it is found that a multiple-phase-shift configuration that departs slightly from the optimum case suffices to recover most of the promises expected from this distributed-feedback laser design.
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Cenci, Luca, Luca Pulvirenti, Giorgio Boni, and Nazzareno Pierdicca. "Defining a Trade-off Between Spatial and Temporal Resolution of a Geosynchronous SAR Mission for Soil Moisture Monitoring." Remote Sensing 10, no. 12 (December 4, 2018): 1950. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10121950.
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The next generation of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems could foresee satellite missions based on a geosynchronous orbit (GEO SAR). These systems are able to provide radar images with an unprecedented combination of spatial (≤1 km) and temporal (≤12 h) resolutions. This paper investigates the GEO SAR potentialities for soil moisture (SM) mapping finalized to hydrological applications, and defines the best compromise, in terms of image spatio-temporal resolution, for SM monitoring. A synthetic soil moisture–data assimilation (SM-DA) experiment was thus set up to evaluate the impact of the hydrological assimilation of different GEO SAR-like SM products, characterized by diverse spatio-temporal resolutions. The experiment was also designed to understand if GEO SAR-like SM maps could provide an added value with respect to SM products retrieved from SAR images acquired from satellites flying on a quasi-polar orbit, like Sentinel-1 (POLAR SAR). Findings showed that GEO SAR systems provide a valuable contribution for hydrological applications, especially if the possibility to generate many sub-daily observations is sacrificed in favor of higher spatial resolution. In the experiment, it was found that the assimilation of two GEO SAR-like observations a day, with a spatial resolution of 100 m, maximized the performances of the hydrological predictions, for both streamflow and SM state forecasts. Such improvements of the model performances were found to be 45% higher than the ones obtained by assimilating POLAR SAR-like SM maps.
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Priyanga, K., and M. Nancy. "Career Ability Placement Survey for High School Students." Shanlax International Journal of Education 7, no. 3 (June 2, 2019): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/education.v7i3.427.
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Background: A job is undertaken for a particular period of an individual’s life and with chances for progress. The constructive way to know about the individual’s inner strength. Career ability for high school students is essential to identify their capabilities in different career choices and choose the appropriate one, which helps in reaching great heights. Career ability placement survey helps in identifying the propensity of the students using seven different potentialities which would help in performing better based on their abilities, which would minimise the failures.Aim: The present study aimed is to find out career abilities among the high school students and plan for their future. Methods: Career ability placement survey was developed by Lila Knapp, Robert R Knapp, and Lisa Knapp –Lee. This questionnaire is used to assess the career abilities of individuals using seven different dimensions. The scale was administered to 55 high school students based on stratified random sampling. Results: No significant difference between the career abilities among males and females. Conclusion: Both males and females have the expertise in spatial relations were they can visualise in three dimensions and can perform well in jobs related in spatial intelligence, and both have the least capacity in language usage where they cannot deliver well in careers related to oral and written communication.
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Michels, Christoph, and Chris Steyaert. "By accident and by design: Composing affective atmospheres in an urban art intervention." Organization 24, no. 1 (January 2017): 79–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350508416668190.
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This article argues that the notion of affective atmosphere provides a privileged access to the study of organizational affect as it relates to a spatial ontology of ‘being-together-in-a-sphere’. Drawing on the study of affective atmospheres in philosophy and cultural geography, we develop a conceptual positioning from which to analyze a musical intervention in the streets and squares of Berlin. The study traces the preparation and enactment of a 2-day music event that breaks with the emotional experience of a ‘mainstream’ classical concert, and instead intervenes in urban atmospheres by mingling music performances with everyday urban life in an attempt to affect chance spectators. Tracing how the concert’s atmospheres emerged through a series of encounters between various bodies and their specific affective capacities, the analysis emphasizes the tension between the possibility of designing and crafting atmospheres and its emergence in erratic, ephemeral, and excessive ways. Therefore, we propose that affective atmospheres make perceptible the potentialities of organizational space and give scope to our feelings as we experience their spatial recomposition. In the conclusion, we emphasize affective atmospheres as a key concept for the critical study of affect, as it advances a politics that attends to new possibilities of feeling and acting collectively in spaces of organizing.
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Rovai, Massimo, Tommaso Trinchetti, Francesco Monacci, and Maria Andreoli. "Mapping Ecosystem Services Bundles for Spatial Planning with the AHP Technique: A Case Study in Tuscany (Italy)." Land 12, no. 6 (May 24, 2023): 1123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12061123.
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Agricultural and forest ecosystems provide multiple ecosystem services (ESs) fundamental to the well-being and quality of life of citizens. However, in the European context, these ecosystems are often threatened by processes of urban development, around cities, or abandonment, in mountainous or remote areas. Faced with the need for solutions oriented towards greater sustainability and resilience of socio-ecological systems, planning should contribute to rebuilding more integrated and mutually beneficial relationships between urban and rural areas, ensuring the effective production of multiple ESs. The regulation and management of ESs are complex and require scientifically sound and widely understandable policies and governance models, based on detailed assessment methods. This paper proposes a method for mapping and bundling the supply of five ESs produced in agricultural and forest areas, based on the processing of open source territorial data through the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and tailored for the Tuscany region (Italy). The method integrates the land use and land cover map with other data to obtain a comprehensive ESs assessment, and then uses cluster analysis to identify bundles of ESs. Based on a first trial, the method seems to show high potentialities as a Decision Support System to promote innovative governance models for ES management.
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Salata, Stefano, Sıla Özkavaf-Şenalp, and Koray Velibeyoğlu. "Integrating Ecosystem Vulnerability in the Environmental Regulation Plan of Izmir (Turkey)—What Are the Limits and Potentialities?" Urban Science 6, no. 1 (March 8, 2022): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci6010019.
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The land-use regulatory framework in Turkey is composed of several hierarchical plans. The Environmental Regulation Plan pursues comprehensive planning management, which ranges between 1/100,000 and 1/25,000 and defines the framework for local master plans. Unfortunately, there is scarce knowledge of how these plans effectively protect the environment. Besides, these plans have poor consideration of socio-economic dynamics and the ecosystem vulnerability, while evaluating the actual conflicts or synergies within the localization of ecological conservation and settlement expansion areas. In this work, an ecosystem-based geodatabase was created for the western Izmir area (Turkey). The dataset has been created by employing a supervised classification sampling of Sentinel-2 images acquired on 28 March 2021, while accessing ONDA-DIAS services to L2C products. Then, the InVEST software was used to map the Habitat Quality and the Habitat Decay, while the ArcMap raster analysis tool was employed to generate the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index. The results were used to classify the ecosystem vulnerability of the western metropolitan area of Izmir and then superimposed to the Environmental Regulation Plan of the city of Izmir (2021), thus evaluating synergies and conflicts. Although integration of the ecosystem services approach into spatial planning is lacking in the planning practice of Turkey, the paper provides an operative methodology to integrate ecosystem evaluation in environmental planning as a basic strategy to support sustainable development.
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Abu Al Haija, Ahmed. "Alienation of Traditional Habitats and Shelters in Jordanian Villages." Open House International 37, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-01-2012-b0008.
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Hundreds of Jordanian traditional villages are facing the serious risk of being demolished due to the shortage of basic public services and their resulting abandoned state. Important occurrences of vernacular architecture in these villages necessitate a national strategy to conserve the tangible and intangible heritage they offer, despite the economic difficulties that impede the local community in their efforts to protect or rehabilitate their long-established habitat and traditions. The case of Dana is a relevant example of these villages that are abandoned in spite of their considerable human and material potentialities. Therefore, analyses of place-oriented conceptual meaning, which affect man's belonging to the place, and building typologies are developed in order to comprehend the traditional spatial composition and the interrogatives of conserving the original habitat for tourism purposes. Appropriate scenarios of administrative and technical approaches could better offer the local communities the conservation of memories, place identity and sustainable economic development, hopefully extendible to other situations in traditional villages.
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Mokoena, B. T., T. Moyo, E. N. Makoni, and W. Musakwa. "SPATIO-TEMPORAL MODELLING & THE NEW URBAN AGENDA IN POST-APARTHEID SOUTH AFRICA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W13 (June 5, 2019): 1327–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w13-1327-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> This paper presents the potentialities of spatio-temporal modelling in transforming South Africa’s previously marginalised townships. Using the Katlehong township in Ekurhuleni as a case study, the paper argues that the hitherto marginalised townships can benefit from a localised implementation of smart-city concepts as articulated in the Integrated Urban Development Framework. Instead of viewing townships as spaces of perpetual despair and hopelessness, the paper appreciates these areas as having the potential to benefit from new smart innovative planning approaches that form part of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. So, the discussion identifies smart transportation modes such as bicycle-sharing, as well as Bus Rapid Transit Networks as critical in promoting mobility in and beyond townships, while contributing to spatial integration and transformation. Using geolocation data, the paper concludes that formerly marginalised townships such as Katlehong can and must form part of the emergent smart cities in South Africa.</p>
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Magna, Gabriele, Donato Monti, Corrado Di Natale, Roberto Paolesse, and Manuela Stefanelli. "The Assembly of Porphyrin Systems in Well-Defined Nanostructures: An Update." Molecules 24, no. 23 (November 26, 2019): 4307. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24234307.
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The interest in assembling porphyrin derivatives is widespread and is accounted by the impressive impact of these suprastructures of controlled size and shapes in many applications from nanomedicine and sensors to photocatalysis and optoelectronics. The massive use of porphyrin dyes as molecular building blocks of functional materials at different length scales relies on the interdependent pair properties, consisting of their chemical stability/synthetic versatility and their quite unique physicochemical properties. Remarkably, the driven spatial arrangement of these platforms in well-defined suprastructures can synergically amplify the already excellent properties of the individual monomers, improving conjugation and enlarging the intensity of the absorption range of visible light, or forming an internal electric field exploitable in light-harvesting and charge-and energy-transport processes. The countless potentialities offered by these systems means that self-assembly concepts and tools are constantly explored, as confirmed by the significant number of published articles related to porphyrin assemblies in the 2015–2019 period, which is the focus of this review.
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Berrone, Stefano, Francesco Della Santa, Antonio Mastropietro, Sandra Pieraccini, and Francesco Vaccarino. "Graph-Informed Neural Networks for Regressions on Graph-Structured Data." Mathematics 10, no. 5 (March 1, 2022): 786. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10050786.
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In this work, we extend the formulation of the spatial-based graph convolutional networks with a new architecture, called the graph-informed neural network (GINN). This new architecture is specifically designed for regression tasks on graph-structured data that are not suitable for the well-known graph neural networks, such as the regression of functions with the domain and codomain defined on two sets of values for the vertices of a graph. In particular, we formulate a new graph-informed (GI) layer that exploits the adjacent matrix of a given graph to define the unit connections in the neural network architecture, describing a new convolution operation for inputs associated with the vertices of the graph. We study the new GINN models with respect to two maximum-flow test problems of stochastic flow networks. GINNs show very good regression abilities and interesting potentialities. Moreover, we conclude by describing a real-world application of the GINNs to a flux regression problem in underground networks of fractures.