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1
Angular momentum: Understanding spatial aspects in chemistry and physics. New York: Wiley, 1988.
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2
Nikolaevskiĭ, V. N. Angular momentum in geophysical turbulence: Continuum spatial averaging method. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2003.
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3
Nikolaevskiy, Victor N. Angular Momentum in Geophysical Turbulence: Continuum Spatial Averaging Method. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003.
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4
Forgetta, Emanuela. La città e la casa Spazi urbani e domestici in Maria Aurèlia Capmany, Natalia Ginzburg, Elsa Morante e Mercè Rodoreda. Venice: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-586-5.
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This research work aims at the reconstruction of literary spaces created by four great female authors of the twentieth century. Analysed individually or from a comparative perspective, the texts solicit a reflection on the representation of space in literature produced by women. The focus of the investigation is the dynamic contrast that, at the moment of perception, is established between the ‘internal’, and therefore subjective, dimension and the ‘external’ dimension, regulated by the social context in which the subject moves. The work consists of three parts: the first part establishes the parameters within which the research is organised; the second part investigates the process of reappropriation of the city – a place of almost exclusive male prerogative – by the protagonists of the proposed novels and their “walking down the street” as a device of spatial organisation. In the third and last part, the female perception of the domestic space is analysed. A place of female confinement par excellence, it shows, even in literature, an ambivalent character, as an expression of abuse and affection at the same time. From the ‘spatial’ reinterpretation of the proposed works, therefore, both the intimate representation of space and the historical-social evaluation of the context in which the protagonists, and their own authors, move, emerge.
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Wikle, Christopher K. Spatial Statistics. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.710.
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The climate system consists of interactions between physical, biological, chemical, and human processes across a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. Characterizing the behavior of components of this system is crucial for scientists and decision makers. There is substantial uncertainty associated with observations of this system as well as our understanding of various system components and their interaction. Thus, inference and prediction in climate science should accommodate uncertainty in order to facilitate the decision-making process. Statistical science is designed to provide the tools to perform inference and prediction in the presence of uncertainty. In particular, the field of spatial statistics considers inference and prediction for uncertain processes that exhibit dependence in space and/or time. Traditionally, this is done descriptively through the characterization of the first two moments of the process, one expressing the mean structure and one accounting for dependence through covariability.Historically, there are three primary areas of methodological development in spatial statistics: geostatistics, which considers processes that vary continuously over space; areal or lattice processes, which considers processes that are defined on a countable discrete domain (e.g., political units); and, spatial point patterns (or point processes), which consider the locations of events in space to be a random process. All of these methods have been used in the climate sciences, but the most prominent has been the geostatistical methodology. This methodology was simultaneously discovered in geology and in meteorology and provides a way to do optimal prediction (interpolation) in space and can facilitate parameter inference for spatial data. These methods rely strongly on Gaussian process theory, which is increasingly of interest in machine learning. These methods are common in the spatial statistics literature, but much development is still being done in the area to accommodate more complex processes and “big data” applications. Newer approaches are based on restricting models to neighbor-based representations or reformulating the random spatial process in terms of a basis expansion. There are many computational and flexibility advantages to these approaches, depending on the specific implementation. Complexity is also increasingly being accommodated through the use of the hierarchical modeling paradigm, which provides a probabilistically consistent way to decompose the data, process, and parameters corresponding to the spatial or spatio-temporal process.Perhaps the biggest challenge in modern applications of spatial and spatio-temporal statistics is to develop methods that are flexible yet can account for the complex dependencies between and across processes, account for uncertainty in all aspects of the problem, and still be computationally tractable. These are daunting challenges, yet it is a very active area of research, and new solutions are constantly being developed. New methods are also being rapidly developed in the machine learning community, and these methods are increasingly more applicable to dependent processes. The interaction and cross-fertilization between the machine learning and spatial statistics community is growing, which will likely lead to a new generation of spatial statistical methods that are applicable to climate science.
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Spentzou, Efrossini. Propertius’ Aberrant Itineraries. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198768098.003.0002.
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Can we find the flâneur in ancient Rome? This is not a narrow question of whether this modern French literary figure has a Classical prehistory, but whether there is a parallel relationship at Rome between large urban centres, literary production, and individualism. This chapter suggests there are instances in Latin love elegy that offer a layered response to spatial forms. Observing the rhythms of the everyday in Rome, we discover shared spaces of erotic and imperial power. Propertius and Ovid are as much constructors of the eternal city as its monumental imperial builders. It is in fleeting and intense moments of escape that we become aware of the inflexibility of everyday life in Rome. In the moments when the citizen may (or may not) give way to the lover, the limitations of set scripts are revealed, and the implacable logic of imperial space softens in the undecidability of the moment.
7
Zare, Richard N. Angular Momentum: Understanding Spatial Aspects in Chemistry and Physics. Dover Publications, 2007.
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8
Mattens, Filip. From the Origin of Spatiality to a Variety of Spaces. Edited by Dan Zahavi. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198755340.013.38.
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How can a spatial world appear to a non-extended mind? This chapter focuses on two moments in which this question steered the development of phenomenology. The first part explains how Husserl’s understanding of perception took shape against the background of nineteenth-century debates on the psychological origin of spatial presentations. It is in his phenomenological reconsideration of this matter that the subject comes to be understood as a subject of bodily capacities, engaged in a primal form of praxis. The second part focuses on Straus’s crusade against the dominant, praxis-based understanding of spatiality. Radically rejecting the question itself as originating in a Cartesian misconception of sense-perception, Straus introduced a plurality of spaces by revealing different “forms of spatiality” flowing from the affective dimension underlying all perception.
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Manchon, A., and S. Zhang. Theory of Rashba Torques. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198787075.003.0024.
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This chapter focuses on the theory of current-driven Rashba torque, a special type of spin–orbit mediated spin torque that requires broken spatial-inversion symmetry. This specific form of spin-orbit interaction enables the electrical generation of a non-equilibrium spin density that yields both damping-like and field-like torques on the local magnetic moments. We review the recent results obtained in (ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic) two-dimensional electron gases, bulk magnetic semiconductors, and at the surface of topological insulators. We conclude by summarizing recent experimental results that support the emergence of Rashba torques in magnets lacking inversion symmetry.
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Angular Momentum in Geophysical Turbulence: Continuum Spatial Averaging Method. Springer, 2003.
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11
Zare. Angular Momentum: Understanding Spatial Aspects in Chemistry & Physics. John Wiley & Sons, 2002.
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12
Ali, Christopher. The Political Economy of Localism. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040726.003.0007.
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In Chapter 6, the case studies are analyzed through the frameworks of critical regionalism and critical political economy. The first section describes how a political economy of localism has come to exist within media policy discourse. This system favors the status quo over alternatives, tethers local media exclusively to specific places, and impedes our ability to think through ways to bridge the spatial and social divides of localism. The second section reintroduces critical regionalism as an approach that tempers this political economy. The chapter argues that while the political economy of localism works to stifle policy alternatives, there are policy windows – “moments of critical regionalism” – that require our attention. The chapter offers a definition of media localism based on critical regionalism and the case studies.
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Zare, Richard N., Robert J. Gordon, Valeria D. Kleiman, and Hongkun Park. Angular Momentum: Understanding Spatial Aspects in Chemistry and Physics and Companion to Angular Momentum. John Wiley & Sons, 1998.
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14
Robolin, Stéphane. Introduction. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039478.003.0001.
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This introductory chapter provides an overview of the book's main themes. This book explores the literary relationships between black South Africans and African Americans during the years of South African apartheid (formally, 1948–1994). It offers a literary history informed by spatial and cultural theory. On the one hand, it advances a mode of cultural analysis that foregrounds the geographic in black lives and cultural imaginaries and, in doing so, models a way of reading black South African and African American writing attuned to the relevance of race, space, and place. On the other hand, this study interprets the two literary traditions in relation to one another. Bringing attention to underaccounted-for cultural traffic that has shaped both traditions in the latter half of the twentieth century, it develops a literary history based on defining moments of cross-cultural engagement.
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Bozio, Andrew. Thinking Through Place on the Early Modern English Stage. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198846567.001.0001.
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Thinking Through Place on the Early Modern English Stage traces the way that characters think through their surroundings in early modern drama—not only how these characters orient themselves within unfamiliar or otherwise strange locations but also how their locations function as the scaffolding for perception, memory, and other forms of embodied thought. Such moments of thinking through place stage a process that both resembles and parallels the cognitive work that early modern playgoers undertook as they reimagined the stage as the settings of the dramatic fiction. The book traces the vexed relationship between these two registers of thought in works by Marlowe, Shakespeare, Beaumont, and Jonson. In doing so, it counters a critical tradition that figures drama as a form of spatial abstraction and demonstrates, instead, that theatrical performance constituted a sophisticated and self-reflexive mode of thinking through place in the early modern period.
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Smith, Christen A. The Paradox of Black Citizenship. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039935.003.0005.
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This chapter discusses the politics of citizenship, blackness, and exclusion in Bahia, taking up the question of Afro-nationalism. It argues that black people confront visible and invisible human walls in their everyday attempts to access resources and dignity in the city, and these walls are often subtle, elusive, and guileful. The police and other residents tasked with maintaining security act as a border patrol that delineates the boundaries of the moral racial social order. Spatial practices of race performatively and theatrically press the black body to the margins of national belonging. Through these embodied practices, the state produces national frontiers of belonging along the cartographic lines of a racial hierarchy. The maintenance of racial democracy as a national ideology depends on the diffuse, mundane repetitions of violence in states, cities, and neighborhoods as well as the more spectacular moments of state terror that we associate with police violence.
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Vigdor, Steven E. Where’s the Antimatter Gone, Long Time Passing? Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198814825.003.0002.
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Chapter 2 describes experiments searching for CP symmetry violations that might account for the matter–antimatter imbalance in our universe. It describes the historical discovery of mesons and quantum-mechanical oscillations between particle and antiparticle (i.e., particle–antiparticle oscillations) in the neutral K meson and heavier meson systems. It introduces quarks and quark flavor. The chapter relates CP violation to violations of time reversal invariance that might be revealed by a spatial separation of positive and negative electric charge within or around the fundamental constituent particles of matter. It describes a halfcentury of experimental searches, including ongoing projects, for the particle electric dipole moments that would characterize such a charge separation. Technological advances (such as ultra-cold neutron beams) and theoretical concepts (such as vacuum polarization) relevant to these searches are introduced. While some CP violation has been clearly observed, its extent remains insufficient to account for the universe’s matter–antimatter imbalance.
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Whitehead, Mark, Rhys Jones, and Martin Jones. The Nature of the State. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199271894.001.0001.
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The twin categories of the state and nature collectively embody some of the most fundamental reference points around which our lives and thinking are organized. Despite their combined significance, however, the complex relationships that exist between modern states and nature remain under-theorized and are relatively unexplored. Through a detailed study of different sites, moments, and framing strategies The Nature of the State challenges the ways in which geographers and social scientists approach the study of state-nature relations. The authors analyse different instances of state-nature interaction from all over the world, considering the geo-politics of resource conflicts, the operation of natural history museums, the organizational practices of environmental departments and ministries, the regulation of genetic science, and contemporary forms of state intervention within issues of climate change. Introducing original research into the different institutional, spatial, and temporal strategies used by states to frame the natural world this book provides a critical overview of the latest political and ecological theories and addresses a wide range of pressing socio-environmental debates.
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Young, Emma. Motherhood. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474427739.003.0003.
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This chapter commences by contextualising the politics of motherhood in light of the feminist writings of Shulamith Firestone, Adrienne Rich and Julia Kristeva. The literary analysis focuses on the control of women’s bodies and societal expectations in the work of Roberts and how the critique of motherhood apparent in these narratives reflects a tendency of much second-wave feminist thought. The second section considers the writings of Simpson and how she invokes the narrative brevity of the short story to heighten the sense of spatial constraint the female protagonist’s, who are mothers, experience; but also the temporal constraints felt by those without a child, who are aware of their ageing bodies. ‘Maternal Loss’ explores the ambivalence at the heart of motherhood and feminism while questioning how understandings of the maternal contain broader meanings and significance across cultures and in the context of migration narratives. The concluding commentary engages with the topic of feminist generations and reflects on the ways in which motherhood has been explored and re-worked as a central feminist motif across various cultural moments since the 1980s.
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Cavanagh, Patrick, Lorella Battelli, and Alex Holcombe. Dynamic Attention. Edited by Anna C. (Kia) Nobre and Sabine Kastner. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199675111.013.016.
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The authors review how attention helps track and process dynamic events, selecting and integrating information across time and space to produce a continuing identity for a moving, changing target. Rather than a fixed ‘spotlight’ that helps identify a static target, attention needs a mobile window or ‘pointer’ to track a moving target, picking up pieces of evidence along the way to determine not just what the target is, but what it is doing. Behavioural studies show that this dynamic version of attention is model-based, using familiar trajectories to help identify a target and to guide encoding of continuing input from its path. Attention has very coarse temporal resolution for both static and moving targets. However, when the focus of selection is on the move, a given location on a moving target’s path can be selected for extremely brief instants, as little as 50 ms, compared to the typical ‘dwell time’ or minimum duration of attention selection at a fixed location, of 200 ms or more. To determine the path of a moving object, attention must accurately process and sort the onsets and offsets in order to match an offset to the subsequent onset. This aspect of dynamic attention has been called the ‘when’ pathway and patient studies show that it is a qualitatively different system from spatial attention, being completely based in the right parietal lobe for events in both hemifields. Finally, like the salience map of spatial attention, temporal attention may have its own map that guides allocation to upcoming, current, and recent moments to select information at the appropriate time, changing the experience of time as it does so.
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Pattison, George. The Whole Self. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813507.003.0005.
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This chapter addresses the question as to how the Christian devout life is related to contemporary holistic spirituality, taking C. G. Jung as representative of holistic spirituality’s quest to balance the binary elements of the self. By way of contrast, Christian spirituality might seem to require the hierarchical subordination of one part of the self to another, reinforcing suspicions as to its essentially heteronomous nature. Nevertheless, the devout life can be shown to be a life involving the coordination of ‘body, mind, and spirit’. Where contemporary holism emphasizes the spatial balancing of the self the devout life integrates spatial and temporal dimensions of selfhood seeking to be focused on the sacrament of the present moment as it moves forward in tranquillity and equanimity.
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Callender, Craig. Looking at the World Sideways. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198797302.003.0008.
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When physics tells its story of the world, it writes on spatial pages and we flip pages in the temporal directions. The present moment contains the seeds of what happens next. Relativity challenges many of our pre-theoretical thoughts about time, yet even this would-be destroyer of time adheres to the idea that production or determination runs along the set of temporal directions. We might think of this fact as one of the last remnants left of manifest time in physics. Is even this residue of manifest time safe from physics? Looking at the world sideways, can we march “initial” data from “east” to “west” as well as from earlier to later? Or put even more loosely: can physics tell its stories if we write on non-spatial pages and read in non-temporal directions?
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Arnold, Felix. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190624552.003.0007.
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On the evidence of the 75 palaces discussed in the book’s previous chapters, the conclusion distills four major concepts of space in the palatial architecture of the Islamic West and synthesizes their development from the arrival of Islam in in the region through the Early Modern Period. Planar, view-framing, linear, and interior understandings of space reflect answers to evolving questions about the nature of rulership during a span of history marked by dramatic shifts in power. Each concept of space makes a distinct statement about how rulers relate to society. Within the same palace, the seemingly incoherent combination of spatial concepts may articulate the political and ideological tensions of the moment. All four spatial concepts can, nevertheless, be understood as variations on the idea that space is infinite, which may be considered the uniting characteristic of Islamic palatial architecture in the western Mediterranean.
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Sioli, Angeliki, and Elisavet Kiourtsoglou, eds. The Sound of Architecture. Leuven University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.11116/9789461664563.
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Acoustic atmospheres can be fleeting, elusive, or short-lived. Sometimes they are constant, but more often they change from one moment to the next, forming distinct impressions each time we visit certain places. Stable or dynamic, acoustic atmospheres have a powerful effect on our spatial experience, sometimes even more so than architecture itself. This book explores the acoustic atmospheres of diverse architectural environments, in terms of scale, function, location, or historic period—providing an overview of how acoustic atmospheres are created, perceived, experienced, and visualized. Contributors explore how sound and its atmospheres transform architecture and space. Their essays demonstrate that sound is a tangible element in the design and staging of atmospheres and that it should become a central part of the spatial explorations of architects, designers, and urban planners. The Sound of Architecture will be of interest to architectural historians, theorists, students, and practicing architects, who will discover how acoustic atmospheres can be created without complex and specialized engineering. It will also be of value to scholars working in the field of history of emotions, as it offers evocative descriptions of acoustic atmospheres from diverse cultures and time periods.
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Shamma, Yasmine. Ron Padgett’s Inner-Outer Spaces. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808725.003.0005.
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This chapter examines a range of poems by Ron Padgett which muse on lived-in spaces. Accordingly, this chapter illuminates the “nuts and bolts” of Padgett’s poems through close readings, coupling formal criticism with “gossip” of interview material to pursue more decisive statements regarding the distinct ways in which this form is unique in the way that it registers sought or actual lived in space. This becomes particularly possible within this close examination of Padgett’s poetry. As Padgett utilizes a particularly supple sense of poetic form, exhibiting a control on the page that reflects a control of thought, over and above the rigid limitations of urban space and structures of inherited form, he constructs metaphors that pursue the explosion of structural constraints. This chapter resists shying away from the ramifications of such explosions, ending this study of spatial poetics in the contemporary moment.
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Barrett, Chris. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198816874.003.0005.
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While Chapters 1–3 examine early modern texts that take the work of spatial representation as an opportunity to consider the labor, dangers, and possibilities of representation, the Conclusion (which takes its title from remarks by Richard Hakluyt in describing how as a child he became fascinated by maps) considers three contemporary objects: a mug, a Mapparium, and recent revisions to the famous boot-shaped silhouette of Louisiana. Each of these objects represents a global or regional area in some novel way: foregrounding their artifice in order to exploit the same cartographic anxieties of representation articulated in works by Spenser, Drayton, and Milton, these objects suggest that the contemporary moment’s efforts to reimagine the space of the world in rhetorically affecting if overtly non-mimetic ways reflects the triumph of an early modern poetics of anxiety, a poetics that might be generative still, in the Anthropocene.
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Deruelle, Nathalie, and Jean-Philippe Uzan. Matter in curved spacetime. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786399.003.0043.
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This chapter is concerned with the laws of motion of matter—particles, fluids, or fields—in the presence of an external gravitational field. In accordance with the equivalence principle, this motion will be ‘free’. That is, it is constrained only by the geometry of the spacetime whose curvature represents the gravitation. The concepts of energy, momentum, and angular momentum follow from the invariance of the solutions of the equations of motion under spatio-temporal translations or rotations. The chapter shows how the action is transformed, no longer under a modification of the field configuration, but instead under a displacement or, in the ‘passive’ version, under a translation of the coordinate grid in the opposite direction.
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Womack, Peter. Off-stage. Edited by Henry S. Turner. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199641352.013.4.
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This chapter examines the dynamic construction of the off-stage space and the ways in which it renders the stage radically incomplete. More specifically, it considers how early modern performance replaces the absolute, sacred, and cosmic space of medieval performance with a newly secularized space of representation that could become fictional in a way that the medieval stage could not. To highlight the moment when the stage is empty and the audience is listening to an off-stage sound effect, the chapter offers a reading of the tragedyThe Insatiate Countess. It shows that the playhouse stage is not an ‘absolute space’, but is irreducibly relational: a space-between, a threshold. It explains how this threshold might work in theatrical practice through an analysis ofRichard III. It also discussesArden of Favershamto demonstrate that the domestic version of ‘within’ has one spatial signification in particular: it is the woman’s place. Finally, it looks at the tiring-house as domestic chamber to illustrate the doctrine that certain things are withdrawn from view because they are forbidden.
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Mercati, Flavio. York’s Solution to the Initial-Value Problem. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789475.003.0008.
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In this chapter I briefly review York’s method (or the conformal method) for solving the initial value problem of (GR). This method, developed initially by Lichnerowicz and then generalized by Choquet-Bruhat and York, allows to find solutions of the constraints of (GR) (in particular the Hamiltonian, or refoliation constraint) by scanning the conformal equivalence class of spatial metrics for a solution of the Hamiltonian constraint, exploiting the fact that, in a particular foliation (CMC), the transverse nature of the momentum field is preserved under conformal transformations. This method allows to transform the initial value problem into an elliptic problem for the solution for which good existence and uniqueness theorems are available. Moreover this method allows to identify the reduced phase space of (GR) with the cotangent bundle to conformal superspace (the space of conformal 3-geometries), when the CMC foliation is valid. SD essentially amounts to taking this phase space as fundamental and renouncing the spacetime description when the CMC foliation is not available.
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Chilton, Paul, and David Cram. Hoc est corpus. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190636647.003.0016.
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This chapter, which has both a historical and an analytic dimension, concerns the ritual of the ‘Eucharist’ or ‘mass’, best known in the Catholic variant of Christianity. The first part of the paper outlines the part of the ritual’s complex history that is concerned with various theological attempts to explain or justify particular interpretations of the ritual that have been the subject of conflict. In particular, it outlines the intellectual history of efforts to apply sophisticated theories of language developed in the medieval period and the early modern period. These approaches already involved a theory of deixis that foreshadows modern theories in linguistics that are entirely non-theological. It is a recent linguistic theory, Deictic Space Theory, that is outlined and applied in second part of the paper. This is a cognitive approach to core aspects of linguistic meaning that are grounded in spatial cognition. The overall aim is to investigate, in context, the possible cognitive and emotional effects that may be brought about by the interaction among linguistic formulae and other features of the ritual. Close linguistic and multimodal analysis of the crucial and most controversial moment of the Eucharist is speculatively linked with known psychological, cognitive, and neural processes.
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Keller, Catherine. Of Symbolism: Climate Concreteness, Causal Efficacy and the Whiteheadian Cosmopolis. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474429566.003.0012.
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Does Whitehead help us rethink strategies for public education about global warming and ecology? That Whitehead’s radical relationalism never washes out difference but intensifies it, that the singular subject happens—if only for a moment—may actually make his theory of symbolism useable and useful in shifting the individualism of the U.S public. The vision of the world as a community of organisms is no longer a matter of aesthetic preference or scientific debate but of urgent necessity—for the survival not of mere individuals but of the life-systems in which they ‘dividually’ happen. In this world which is an interplay of functional activity, and as such a community of communities of communities, we find ourselves “amid a democracy of fellow creatures” (PR, 50). To be sure, our species has failed to evolve an ecosocial format for such a democracy. So the threatened space and shrinking time of our century will expose our participation in temporal forcefields and spatial entanglements that until now have only haunted the spiritual margins. That exposition can serve as revelation of needed lures, beacons to our better instincts. Is there time to actualize their promise? Or will the ‘unsuitable characters’ sabotage our best efforts?
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Fickle, Tara. The Race Card. NYU Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479868551.001.0001.
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This book uncovers popular games’ key role in the cultural construction of modern racial fictions. It argues that gaming provides the lens, language, and logic—in short, the authority—behind racial boundary making, reinforcing and at times subverting beliefs about where people racially and spatially belong. It focuses specifically on the experience of Asian Americans and the longer history of ludo-Orientalism, wherein play, the creation of games, and the use of game theory shape how East-West relations are imagined and reinforce notions of foreignness and perceptions of racial difference. Drawing from literary and critical texts, analog and digital games, journalistic accounts, marketing campaigns, and archival material, The Race Cardshows how ludo-Orientalism informs a range of historical events and social processes which readers may not even think of as related to play, from Chinese exclusion and the Japanese American internment to Cold War strategies, the model minority myth, and the globalization of Asian labor. Interrogating key moments in the formation of modern U.S. race relations, The Race Cardintroduces a new set of critical terms for engaging the literature as well as the legislation that emerged from these agonistic struggles.
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El Refaie, Elisabeth. Visual Metaphor and Embodiment in Graphic Illness Narratives. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190678173.001.0001.
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This study uses the analysis of visual metaphor in 35 graphic illness narratives—book-length stories about disease in the comics medium—in order to re-examine embodiment in traditional Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) and propose the more nuanced notion of “dynamic embodiment.” Building on recent strands of research within CMT, and drawing on relevant concepts and findings from other disciplines, including psychology, phenomenology, social semiotics, and media theory, the book develops the argument that the experience of one’s own body is constantly adjusting to changes in one’s individual state of health, sociocultural practices, and the activities in which one is engaged at any given moment, including the modes and media that are being used to communicate. This leads to a more fluid and variable relationship between physicality and metaphor use than many CMT scholars assume. For example, representing the experience of cancer through the graphic illness narrative genre draws attention to the unfathomable processes going on beneath the body’s visible surface, particularly now that digital imaging technologies play such a central role in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. This may lead to a reversal of conventional conceptualizations of knowing and understanding in terms of seeing, so that vision itself becomes the target of metaphorical representations. A novel classification system of visual metaphor, based on a three-way distinction between pictorial, spatial, and stylistic metaphors, is also proposed.
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Müller, Anna. If the Walls Could Speak. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190499860.001.0001.
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This book is a collective history about imprisoned women in post-1945 Poland. It focuses on how these women adapted to confinement and remade their lives in a prison cell through words during interrogations; through their senses, by which they oriented themselves in the prison’s spatial organization and created a feeling of security; and through their physicality as a confirmation of their gender identity and a means of exerting pressure on authorities. Their creativity helped them rebuild a semblance of normal life in a cell despite confinement and the abuses that they encountered from interrogation officers and guards. The sense of normalcy was based on a return to traditional women’s roles and political passivity, which was a reversal from their prewar activism. The underlying question is whether Communist ideology had any impact on these women. In oral interviews, they denied Communism had any impact on them. However, the prisons do not appear to be a school of resistance either. The women remained disengaged from prison reality, instead withdrawing into a world they created in their cells. In general, they did not reject, nor did they accept the system. Their disengagement continued after their release. They began reconstructing stories and creating circles of former prisoners in the 1980s during the time of Solidarity, but during this moment of growing opposition in Poland, these female prisoners did not participate in the outburst of independent activism.
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Blevins, Cameron. Paper Trails. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190053673.001.0001.
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Paper Trails presents a new history of the American state and its efforts to conquer, occupy, and integrate the western United States between the 1860s and early 1900s. The success of this project depended on an unassuming government institution: the US Post. As millions of settlers rushed into remote corners of the region, they relied on the mail to stay connected to the wider world. Letters and newspapers, magazines and pamphlets, petitions and money orders, all traveled across the most expansive communications network on earth. Paper Trails maps the year-by-year spread of this infrastructure using a dataset of more than one hundred thousand post offices, revealing a new and unfamiliar picture of the federal government in the West. Despite its size, the US Post was both nimble and ephemeral, rapidly spinning out its infrastructure to distant places before melting away at a moment’s notice. The administration of this network bore little resemblance to the civil service bureaucracies typically associated with government institutions today. Instead, the US Post grafted public mail service onto the private operations of thousands of local businesses, contracting with stagecoach companies to carry bags of mail and paying local merchants to distribute letters from their stores. The postal network’s sprawling geography and localized operations force a reconsideration of the American state, its history, and the ways in which it exercised power. This book tells the story of one of the most dramatic reorganizations of people, land, and resources in American history and the underlying spatial circuitry that wove this project together.
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Roller, Michael P. An Archaeology of Structural Violence. University Press of Florida, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813056081.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Using evidence of historical changes in landscape, community life, and material culture from a coal mining company town in the Anthracite Coal Region of Northeast Pennsylvania, Michael Roller introduces an archaeological approach to the structural violence on workers, citizens, and consumers that developed across the twentieth century. The study begins with an analysis of a moment of explicit violence at the end of the nineteenth century, an event known as the Lattimer Massacre, in which as many as nineteen immigrant miners were shot by a posse of local businessmen. From this touchstone, material history and theoretical contexts across the twentieth century are documented in a manner both locally specific and broadly generalizable. Historical archaeology is used strategically, opportunistically, and dialectically, supported, amplified, and illuminated by archival and ethnographic research, spatial analysis, and social theory. In the process, attention is brought to contradictions, ironies, and absences in our understandings of this formative era in labor history. This study illuminates the development of systematized violence and soft forms of social control enacted by the collusion of state and capital through materialities such as infrastructure, urban redevelopment, mass consumerism, governmentality, biopolitics, and the shifting boundaries of sovereign power. Varied in its use of sources, the study returns again and again to the material life and the shifting landscapes of the company towns and shanty enclaves of the region, as well as the violence of the Massacre. This archaeology of the recent past shows us the unconscious material foundations for present social troubles.
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Anderson, David. Landscape and Subjectivity in the Work of Patrick Keiller, W.G. Sebald, and Iain Sinclair. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198847199.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Situating Keiller, Sebald, and Sinclair as the three leading voices in ‘English psychogeography’, this book examines what, apart from a shared interest in English landscape and townscape, connects their work; it discovers this in the cultivation of a certain ‘affective’ mode or sensibility especially attuned to the cultural anxieties of the twentieth century’s closing decades. As it goes on, the book explores motifs including ‘essayism’, the reconciliation of creativity with ‘market forces’, and the foregrounding of an often agonised or melancholic subjectivity. It wonders whether the work it looks at can, collectively, be seen to constitute a ‘critical theory of contemporary space’. In the process, it suggests that Keiller, Sebald, and Sinclair represent a highly significant moment in English culture’s engagement with landscape, environment, and itself. There are six chapters in all, with two devoted to each subject: one to their early years and less well-known work; and another to their more famous later contributions, including important works such as Patrick Keiller’s London (1994), W.G. Sebald’s The Rings of Saturn (1995), and Iain Sinclair’s Lights Out for the Territory (1997). The book’s analyses are fuelled by archival and topographical research carried out in London and Germany and are responsive to various interdisciplinary contexts, including the tradition of the ‘English Journey’, the set of ideas associated with the ‘spatial turn’, critical theory, the so-called ‘heritage debate’ in Britain, and more recent theorization of the ‘anthropocene’. In all, the book suggests the various ways that a dialectical relationship between dwelling and displacement has been exploited as a means to attempt subjective reorientation within the axiomatically disorientating conditions of contemporary modernity.
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Ferris, Natalie. Abstraction in Post-War British Literature 1945-1980. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198852698.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
This book traces a line of literary experimentation in post-war British literature that was prompted by the aesthetic, philosophical, and theoretical demands of abstraction. Spanning the period 1945 to 1980, it observes the ways in which certain aesthetic advancements initiated new forms of literary expression to posit a new genealogy of interdisciplinary practice in Britain. It is the first sustained chronological study to consider the ways in which a select number of British poets, authors, and critics challenged the received views of their post-war moment in the discovery of the imaginative and idealizing potential of abstraction. At a time in which Britain became conscious of its evolving identity within an increasingly globalized context, this study accounts for the range of Continental and Transatlantic influences in order to more accurately locate the networks at play. Exploring the contributions made by individuals, such as Herbert Read, Ian Hamilton Finlay, and Christine Brooke-Rose, as well as by groups of practitioners, such as the British concrete poetry movement, small press initiatives, and Art & Language, and bringing a wide range of previously unexplored archival material into the public domain, this book offers a comprehensive account of the evolving status of abstraction across cultural, institutional, and literary contexts. The discussions build a vision of an era that increasingly jettisons the predetermined critical lexicon of abstraction to generate works of a more pragmatic abstract inspiration: the spatial demands of concrete poetry, language as medium in the conceptual artwork, the absence of linear plot in the new novel. The post-war period, this book suggests, was witness to the intensification of the meeting between spatiality and visuality in literature.