Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Spatial metrics'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Spatial metrics.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Mirkarimi, Hamed, and hamed mirkarimi@student rmit edu au. "Landscape ecological planning for protected areas using spatial and temporal metrics." RMIT University. Mathematical and Geospatial Sciences, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080507.122506.
Full textVilmi, A. (Annika). "Assessing freshwater biodiversity:insights from different spatial contexts, taxonomic groups and response metrics." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2017. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526216669.
Full textTiivistelmä Makeanveden ekosysteemit ovat hyvin alttiita ihmistoiminnalle. Ekosysteemissä mahdollisesti tapahtuvien muutosten havaitseminen vaatii tehokkaita vesistöjen ekologisen tilan ja luonnon monimuotoisuuden arviointi- ja seurantamenetelmiä. Näiden menetelmien toimintaperiaatteen yleisenä tausta-ajatuksena on, että biologiset yhteisöt määräytyvät paikallisten ympäristöolojen mukaan. Tietyn paikan yhteisön oletetaan siis heijastavan kyseisen paikan ympäristön tilaa. Viime aikoina tausta-ajatus paikallisten ympäristöolojen merkityksestä ainoana eliöyhteisöjä muovaavana tekijänä on kuitenkin kohdannut kritiikkiä. Kriitikot painottavat, että biologisten yhteisöjen rakenteeseen vaikuttavat monet muutkin asiat kuin paikalliset ympäristöolosuhteet ja niissä tapahtuvat ihmisperäiset muutokset. Väitöskirjassani tutkin sisävesien luonnon monimuotoisuuteen vaikuttavia tekijöitä. Olin erityisen kiinnostunut siitä, näkyykö tutkituissa biologisissa parametreissa maantieteellisessä tilassa ilmeneviä spatiaalisia säännönmukaisuuksia. Saadakseni mahdollisimman laaja-alaisen käsityksen luonnon monimuotoisuudessa esiintyvistä spatiaalisista säännönmukaisuuksista, tutkin useaa spatiaalista kontekstia, eliöryhmää ja indeksiä. Tutkimuksessa selvisi, että paikalliset ympäristöolosuhteet eivät ole ainoita luonnon monimuotoisuuteen vaikuttavia tekijöitä. Erilaiset spatiaaliset säännönmukaisuudet, todennäköisesti eliöiden levittäytymiseen liittyvien seikkojen aiheuttamina, olivat yllättävän yleisiä makeiden vesien eliöyhteisöjen rakenteessa ja niihin perustuvien indeksien arvoissa. Tutkimussysteemien spatiaalinen konteksti (alueen laajuus ja paikkojen väliset spatiaaliset suhteet) selvästi vaikutti luonnon monimuotoisuutta kuvastavien indeksien arvojen vaihteluun. Lisäksi selvisi, että eri eliöryhmät ja indeksit olivat useimmiten liitoksissa hyvin erilaisiin selittäviin muuttujiin, osoittaen, että nämä mittarit kuvastavat eri asioita. Väitöskirjassa esitetyt havainnot on tärkeää huomioida vesistöjen ekologisen tilan ja luonnon monimuotoisuuden arviointi- ja seurantamenetelmiä kehitettäessä. Spatiaalisen kontekstin merkitys olisi hyvä huomioida myös nykyisten arviointi- ja seurantamenetelmien tuottamien tulosten tulkinnassa
Myrberg, Anton. "Spatial complexity metrics: : What is available and how they assess novice projects." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-21907.
Full textMcKenzie, Samuel John Paul. "Spatial metrics of land cover change in an agricultural landscape in Northern Ireland." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.529577.
Full textKrenz, Kimon. "Network centralities in polycentric urban regions : methods for the measurement of spatial metrics." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10052165/.
Full textRamotubei, Pheello. "Understanding landscape dynamics using spatial metrics: A case of Maseru City Council (MCC), Lesotho." Master's thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30018.
Full textSousa, F. Raquel R. F. de. "Exploratory spatial analysis of topographic surface metrics for the prediction of water table occurrence." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/12215.
Full textHai, Pham Minh, and Yasushi Yamaguchi. "CHARACTERIZING THE URBAN GROWTH OF HANOI, NAGOYA, AND SHANGHAI CITY USING REMOTE SENSING AND SPATIAL METRICS." IEEE, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/12105.
Full textNäkne, Henrik. "Video Quality Metric improvement using motion and spatial masking." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för visuell information och interaktion, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-275114.
Full textLoraamm, Rebecca Whitehead. "Road-based Landscape Metrics for Quantifying Habitat Fragmentation." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3214.
Full textOwens, Janna Yvonne Smithey. "Evalutation [i.e. Evaluation] of sediment-sensitive biological metrics as biomonitoring tools on varied spatial scales." Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2006. http://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2006p/owens.pdf.
Full textMania, Aikaterini Katerina. "Fidelity metrics for virtual environment simulations based on human judgements of spatial memory awareness states." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369799.
Full textAndersen, Hans-Erik. "Estimation of critical forest structure metrics through the spatial analysis of airborne laser scanner data /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5579.
Full textGillin, Cody Palmer. "Digital terrain analysis to predict soil spatial patterns at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50818.
Full textMaster of Science
Frank, Susanne. "Development and Validation of a Landscape Metrics Based Approach for Standardized Landscape Assessment Considering Spatial Patterns." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-150639.
Full textDie vorgelegte Dissertation mit dem Titel „Entwicklung und Validierung eines auf Landschaftsstrukturmaßen basierten Ansatzes zur standardisierten Landschaftsbewertung unter Berücksichtigung räumlicher Muster“ behandelt die drei Hauptfragen I. Welche Ökosystemdienstleistungen hängen von der Landschaftsstruktur ab? II. Wie können Landschaftsstrukturmaße genutzt werden, um ein standardisiertes Bewertungsverfahren dieser abhängigen Ökosystemdienstleistungen zu ermöglichen? III. Wie kann die Regionalplanung von der Berücksichtigung der Effekte von Landschaftsstruktur auf die Bereitstellung von Ökosystemdienstleistungen profitieren? Die Promotions-Studie wurde im Rahmen des Klimawandel-Anpassungs-Projektes REGKLAM (Förderkennzeichen 01 LR 0802) durchgeführt. Das Arbeitspaket „Landnutzung“ wurde am Institut für Bodenkunde und Standortslehre der TU Dresden unter Leitung von Prof. Dr. Makeschin bearbeitet. Die Promotions-Studie erfolgte im Rahmen des Teil-Arbeitstaktes „Integrierte Landnutzungsbewertung“. Ziel dieses Teil-Arbeitspaketes war die Bewertung von Klimawandel-Anpassungs-Strategien auf Landschaftsebene in Sektor-übergreifender Weise. Zu diesem Zweck wurde das Ökosystemdienstleistungskonzept als methodischer Rahmen gewählt. Der spezielle Anlass dieser Promotion-Studie war, dass landschaftsstrukturelle Aspekte in gebräuchlichen Ökosystemdienstleistungs-Bewertungsansätzen oft ungenügend berücksichtigt sind. Ein standardisiertes Bewertungsverfahren des Einflusses von Zusammensetzung und Anordnung von Landnutzungs-/Landbedeckungstypen existiert weder in aktuellen Planungsansätzen noch in Umweltverträglichkeitsprüfungen. In meiner Dissertation entwickelte ich im Zeitraum von 2010 bis 2014 eine methodische Grundlage, welche diese Herausforderung angeht. Meine Promotion wurde als kumulative Dissertation, welche aus drei Artikeln besteht, umgesetzt. Diese Artikel wurden in begutachteten, ISI-gelisteten, internationalen Journalen veröffentlicht, wobei sich das dritte aktuell im Druck befindet. Die kurze Einleitung im ersten Kapitel informiert über die Beweggründe und die Struktur der Dissertation. Im zweiten Kapitel ist die Forschungshypothese formuliert sowie Geltungsbereich und Zeile erläutert. Kapitel drei gibt einen Überblick über die Geschichte der Landschaftsstrukturmaße, den aktuellen Forschungsstand und aktuelle Forschungsfelder. Im vierten Kapitel sind die Modellregion, die Fallstudien-Gebiete, sowie methodische Grundlagen beschrieben. Das fünfte Kapitel fasst die Ergebnisse der drei Artikel (Frank et al. 2012, 2013, im Druck) zusammen. Diskussionen in Kapitel sechs reflektieren die Methodik kritisch und identifizieren ihre Grenzen und Stärken sowie den Beitrag der Ergebnisse zu Regionalplanung und Entscheidungsfindung. Darüber hinaus werden einige Empfehlungen zur Erweiterung des Ansatzes für weitere Ökosystemdienstleistungen, insbesondere regulierende Leistungen, getroffen und Perspektiven zur Anwendung für andere Forschungsfragen werden aufgezeigt. Kapitel sieben fasst schließlich die wichtigsten Ergebnisse der Promotions-Studie zusammen. Das zentrale Ergebnis der Dissertation ist eine Erweiterung des Entscheidungsunterstützungs-Werkzeuges GISCAME. Der auf Landschaftsstrukturmaßen basierende Ökosystemdienstleistungs-Bewertungsansatz ermöglicht die Berechnung, Kombination und Interpretation einer Auswahl von Landschaftsstrukturmaßen und somit die Bewertung des Einflusses von Zusammensetzung und Anordnung von Landnutzungsmustern auf Ökosystemdienstleistungen. Ich wählte elf Fokusgebiete in der Planungsregion „Oberes Elbtal/Osterzgebirge“ aus um die Anwendung und Validierung des auf Landschaftsstrukturmaßen basierenden Ansatzes, den ich in der Dissertation vorschlage, zu demonstrieren. Mittels dieser Anwendungsfälle zeige ich, dass die Landschaftsstruktur die Bereitstellung der Ökosystemdienstleistungen ökologische Integrität und Landschaftsästhetik erheblich beeinflusst. Im ersten Anwendungsfall konnte ich zeigen, dass die Aufforstungsplanung durch die Einbeziehung von Landschaftsstrukturmaßen in den Planungsprozess verbessert werden kann. Vorranggebiete für Waldmehrung in ihrer derzeitigen Form tragen nicht zur ökologischen Integrität auf der regionalen Ebene bei. Landschaftszerschneidung, Biotopverbund und Landschaftsdiversität müssen vermehrt beachtet werden, um Vorranggebiete für Waldmehrung für eine Verbesserung der ökologischen Intaktheit effizienter anzuordnen. Der zweite Anwendungsfall richtete sich auf die Frage, wie Landschaftsstruktur die Landschaftsästhetik beeinflusst. Mithilfe einer Befragung verglich ich den auf Landschaftsstrukurmaßen basierenden Ansatz mit der Landschaftswahrnehmung von 153 Befragten. Dieser Test untermauerte meine Annahme, dass das auf Landschaftsstrukurmaßen basierende Vorgehen Rückschlüsse auf den ästhetischen Wert einer Landschaft zulässt. Der dritte Anwendungsfall gibt praktische Hinweise bezüglich der aktuellen Planungs-Herausforderung, wie Erosionsschutzplanung im Kontext des Klimawandels verbesset werden kann. In diesem Fall konnte ich zeigen, dass nicht nur Landnutzungsänderungen in präferenziellen Abflussbahnen, sondern insbesondere eine Änderung der Bodenbearbeitungsstrategie in Kombination mit verbesserter Landschaftsstruktur das Potential hat, die potentielle Wassererosion um 92 % zu reduzieren. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass es von großer Bedeutung ist, landschaftsstrukturelle Aspekte in aktuellen und zukünftigen Planungsfragen zu berücksichtigen, da somit zusätzliche, maßgebliche Informationen greifbar werden. Der Vergleich der vorliegenden Methodik mit anderen Ansätzen, die Landschaftsstrukturmaße nutzen um Ökosystemdienstleistungen zu bewerten, zeigt, dass die automatisierte Interpretation der Landschaftsstrukturmaße mittels des neuen Moduls in GISCAME einen Schritt in Richtung Nützlichkeit für Planungsunterstützung geht: Transparenz, räumliche Übertragbarkeit und Flexibilität sind weitere Stärken des Ansatzes. Jedoch gibt es eindeutig den Bedarf den Einfluss von Landschaftsstruktur auf weitere Ökosystemdienstleistungen einzubeziehen
De, Camargo Rafael Xavier. "Ecological Responses of Avian Species to Land Cover Metrics at the Landscape-Level and Across Broad Spatial Extent." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37113.
Full textKolehmainen, Karoliina. "Monitoring and Analysis of Urban LandCover Changes over StockholmRegion between 1986 and 2004 usingRemote Sensing and Spatial Metrics." Thesis, KTH, Geodesi och satellitpositionering, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-199697.
Full textWatmough, Gary R. "Exploring the spatial associations between census based socioeconomic conditions and remotely sensed environmental metrics in Assam northeast India." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2011. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/340010/.
Full textHAO, YONGPING. "AN ANALYSIS OF THE SPATIAL SCALE EFFECTS ON LANDSCAPE PATTERN METRICS IN A DEFORESTED AREA OF RONDONIA, BRAZIL." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1070488160.
Full textZhang, Qian. "Spatial-Temporal Patterns of Urban Growth in Shanghai, China: Monitoring, Analysis, and Simulation." Licentiate thesis, Geoinformatics Division, Department of Urban Planning and Environment, ABE, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-11868.
Full textSupporting huge population, megacities are definitely the hot spots of production, consumption, and waste generation. Without careful investment and planning, megacities will be overwhelmed by burgeoning negative impacts on the environment, natural resources, and human health, as well as a host of social and economic issues. The unprecedented combination of economic and population growth since the Reform and Open Policy has led China into transition from a largely rural society to a predominantly urban one. Chinese cities, without question, have not escaped the danger of the series of problems during the rapid progress of urbanization. Therefore, monitoring the spatial-temporal patterns of urban sprawl and their impact on the environment is of critical importance for urban planning and sustainable development, especially in developing Chinese cities such as Shanghai.
To date, few studies have focused on the urban trajectories of Shanghai over the past 30 years from a remote sensing perspective. Most of the studies were concentrated on the technical issues of image processing and classification. Moreover, research on spatial metrics has focused on analyzing remote sensing classification results rather than on the use of interpreting, assessing, and verifying urban simulation results. Furthermore, many researches merely focused on baseline projection and very few studies took into consideration urban growth scenarios so far. As yet there have been no reported scenario simulations of future Shanghai growth with several land-use categories within urban areas.
The overall objective of this research is to investigate the integration of remote sensing, spatial metrics, and spatial-temporal models in the monitoring, analysis, and simulation of urban growth in Shanghai, China. The specific objectives are to: 1). monitor urban dynamics over time with multi-sensor remote sensing images; 2). quantify spatial-temporal properties of urban growth and representing the urban morphological structures by means of spatial metrics; and 3). simulate the geographic extent, patterns, and detailed catalogs of urban growth under different scenarios using Markov-Cellular Automata (Markov-CA) model to support decision making for a more sustainable Shanghai.
Through this study, the combined approach using remotely sensed data with change detection techniques, spatial metrics, and a scenarios-based simulation model proved to be effective to understand, represent, and predict the spatial-temporal dynamics of urban growth. In detail, the segmented-based hierarchy classification and visual interpretation were effective methods to extract urban and industrial land with high-resolution remotely sensed images. Direct change detection using variables derived from tasseled cap transformation was efficient for monitoring impervious surface sprawl. Spatial metrics is a quick and executable way to assessing the impact of urban sprawl on landscape dynamic. Markov-CA model is a useful tool to simulate the scenarios of future urban developments and therefore provides the policy options for sustainable urban planning.
The research results of urban trajectories and impervious surface sprawl showed that Shanghai experienced high-speed urban sprawl and the rate of urban expansion, however, was not homogeneous spatially and temporally. The general annual urban expansion speed was 34.8 km2 per year; nevertheless, it reached 80.2 km2 per year recent six years from 2001 to 2007, while it touched the bottom speed around 14.3 km2 per year during 1979-1989. The expanded area in the Puxi region was 5.23 times of its original area while that of Pudong region was 19.94 times of its original area during 1979-2007. The research results of landscape analysis demonstrated that greenbelt becomes fractured while infrastructural and commercial area is more and more aggregated in the central Shanghai area, and satellite images such as SPOT Pan, XS and Landsat TM with 10-30 meter resolution are sufficient for the landscape dynamic research in central Shanghai area. The results of scenarios-based simulation indicated that built-up areas in Shanghai will increase significantly in 2025 and Shanghai will experience less urban sprawl and retain a better environment in 2025 under service-oriented center (SOC) than under baseline (NS) or manufacturing-dominant center (MDC) scenario. If favorable policy for MDC scenario is adopted, however, there will be a lot of manufacturing industries gathering in Shanghai and more agricultural lands will be encroached.
The present research focused on the analysis of physical and morphological aspects of urban growth. Urban land-use dynamics are, however, intrinsically linked with socio-economic, political, or demographic drivers. Trying to fill in the missing link between traditional urban geography and urban remote sensing & urban simulation and to improve understanding of the interactions between human and natural aspects in the urban socio-ecosystem is the major focus in the next phase of the Ph.D. research.
Keywords: Urban growth, Spatial-temporal pattern, Remote sensing, Spatial metrics, Scenarios-based simulation, Shanghai
Nielsen, Niels Christian. "Spatial metrics of structure and diversity : calculation from Earth observation and map data, for use as indicators in environmental management." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.421848.
Full textSapena, Moll Marta. "Development and analysis of land-use/land-cover spatio-temporal metrics in urban environments: Exploring urban growth patterns and linkages to socio-economic factors." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/158626.
Full text[CAT] Aquesta tesi aborda el desenvolupament i l'anàlisi de noves ferramentes i mètodes per a monitorar i caracteritzar el creixement urbà utilitzant dades geogràfiques i bases de dades d'usos i cobertures del sòl (LULC), així com explorar les seues relacions amb factors socioeconòmics, i aportar noves evidències sobre la utilització de les dades LULC per a la caracterització urbana en diferents nivells mitjançant mètodes espacials i estadístics. En primer lloc, es van compilar i implementar mètriques espaciotemporals dins d'un programari, IndiFrag. A continuació, es presenta una metodologia basada en mètriques espaciotemporals i es proposa un nou índex que quantifica la desigualtat entre el creixement de la població i les zones edificades, i serveix per a analitzar i comparar els patrons de creixement urbà a diferents nivells. Això va permetre una distinció dels patrons de creixement, a més l'anàlisi a diversos nivells va contribuir a una millor comprensió dels patrons. En segon lloc, es van quantificar relacions bidireccionals entre l'estructura urbana de les ciutats i la seua situació socioeconòmica a partir de mètriques espacials extretes de mapes de zones climàtiques locals en 31 ciutats a Renània del Nord-Westfàlia (Alemanya). A partir d'aquestes dades es van quantificar relacions amb indicadors socioeconòmics mitjançant models de regressió lineal múltiple, explicant gran part de la seua variabilitat. El mètode proposat és transferible a altres conjunts de dades, nivells i regions. Seguidament, es va avaluar l'ús de les mètriques espaciotemporals derivades dels mapes LULC per a identificar patrons espacials de creixement urbà. Es van utilitzar models de canvi d'usos del sòl per a simular diferents escenaris de creixement urbà a llarg termini seguint diversos patrons espacials en diverses formes urbanes de partida. A continuació, es van calcular les mètriques espaciotemporals per als escenaris simulats, es van seleccionar les més explicatives aplicant anàlisi discriminant i es van classificar els patrons de creixement utilitzant mètodes estadístics d'agrupació. Finalment, es van identificar relacions empíriques entre indicadors socioeconòmics i la seua evolució al llarg del temps, amb l'estructura espacial dels elements construïts i naturals en fins a 600 àrees urbanes de 32 països. Es van aplicar models de regressió random forest i les mètriques van ser capaces d'explicar considerablement la variabilitat dels indicadors socioeconòmics, això confirma que els patrons espacials i els seus canvis estan vinculats als indicadors socioeconòmics. Aquest treball contribueix a una major comprensió dels patrons de creixement urbà i amplia el coneixement sobre les relacions entre l'estructura espacial urbana i els factors socioeconòmics. Es descriuen nous mètodes per a monitorar i avaluar la sostenibilitat urbana a partir de bases de dades LULC, que podrien ser utilitzades pels investigadors, planificadors urbans i responsables polítics per a garantir un futur sostenible en els entorns urbans.
[EN] This thesis addresses the development and analysis of new tools and methods for monitoring and characterizing urban growth using geo-data and land-use/land-cover (LULC) databases, as well as exploring their relationships with socio-economic factors, providing new evidences regarding the use of LULC data for urban characterization at different levels by means of spatial and statistical methods. First, the most common spatio-temporal metrics were compiled and implemented within a software tool, IndiFrag. Then, we present a methodology based on spatio-temporal metrics and propose a new index that quantifies the inequality of growth between population and built-up areas to analyze and compare urban growth patterns at different levels. This allowed for a differentiation of growing patterns, besides, the analysis at various levels contributed to a better understanding of such patterns. Second, we quantified the two-way relationship between the urban structure in cities and their socio-economic status by means of spatial metrics issued from a local climate zone map for 31 cities in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Based on these data, we quantified their relationship with socio-economic indicators by means of multiple linear regression models, explaining a significant part of their variability. The proposed method is transferable to other datasets, levels, and regions. Third, we assessed the use of spatio-temporal metrics derived from LULC maps to identify urban growth spatial patterns. We applied LULC change models to simulate different long-term scenarios of urban growth following various spatial patterns on diverse baseline urban forms. Then, we computed spatio-temporal metrics for the simulated scenarios, selected the most explanatory by applying a discriminant analysis and classified the growth patterns using clustering methods. Finally, we identified empirical relationships between socio-economic indicators and their change over time with the spatial structure of the built and natural elements in up to 600 urban areas from 32 countries. We employed random forest regression models and the spatio-temporal metrics were able to explain substantially the variability of socio-economic variables. This confirms that spatial patterns and their change are linked to socio-economic indicators. This work contributes to a better understanding of urban growth patterns and improves knowledge about the relationships between urban spatial structure and socio-economic factors, providing new methods for monitoring and assessing urban sustainability by means of LULC databases, which could be used by researchers, urban planners and decision-makers to ensure the sustainable future of urban environments.
Sapena Moll, M. (2020). Development and analysis of land-use/land-cover spatio-temporal metrics in urban environments: Exploring urban growth patterns and linkages to socio-economic factors [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/158626
TESIS
Jahan, Kazi Nusrat. "Spatial Analysis of Transect Zone and Land Surface Temperature: A Case Study on Hamilton County, Ohio." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1377873782.
Full textBaumstark, René Dieter. "Remote Sensing and Spatial Metrics for Quantifying Seagrass Landscape Changes: A Study on the 2011 Indian River Lagoon Florida Seagrass Die-off Event." Scholar Commons, 2018. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7124.
Full textPike, Moore Stephanie. "The Ecology of Choice: Translation of Landscape Metrics into the Assessment of the Food Environment Using Cleveland, Ohio as a Case Study." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1590493815871401.
Full textSchetter, Timothy Andrew. "A Multiscale Spatial Analysis of Oak Openings Plant Diversity with Implications for Conservation and Management." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1334089503.
Full textDunn, Shanna K. "Analyzing Spatial Patterns in Reefscape Ecology Via Remote Sensing, Benthic Habitat Mapping, and Morphometrics." NSUWorks, 2009. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/234.
Full textFrank, Susanne [Verfasser], Franz [Akademischer Betreuer] Makeschin, Christine [Akademischer Betreuer] Fürst, and Felix [Akademischer Betreuer] Müller. "Development and Validation of a Landscape Metrics Based Approach for Standardized Landscape Assessment Considering Spatial Patterns / Susanne Frank. Gutachter: Franz Makeschin ; Christine Fürst ; Felix Müller. Betreuer: Franz Makeschin ; Christine Fürst." Dresden : Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1068448121/34.
Full textCharpentier, Stanislas. "Du périurbain au périurbanisme : analyse des (bonnes et mauvaises) pratiques de lutte contre l'étalement urbain dans l'aire urbaine du Mans." Thesis, Le Mans, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LEMA3014.
Full textSuburbia is often criticized, especially because urban forms produced by urban sprawl and spatiophage multiforme. Since the laws Solidarity and Urban Renewal (2000) and Grenelle II (2010), the legislature has made the fight against urban sprawl a national priority. For the first time in France, the urban planning tools such as Plan Local d’Urbanisme (PLU) orSchémas de Cohérence Territoriale (SCoT) are "officially" in charge of the fight against the excessive consumption of agricultural land. Beyond the fight against urban sprawl is the question of the extent of the phenomenon. This thesis proposes to analyze urban morphology produced by the process of suburbanization from an original and reproduciblemethodology to other territories, based on remote sensing and photo interpretation and developed across the urban area Le Mans. This research uses two complementary approaches: spatial analysis - diachronic and multiscale - is used toquantify the phenomenon of urban sprawl; analysis of interviews with elected officials to compare the speech to urbanization practices identified through spatial analysis. Studies conducted at the municipal level show that the morphological delimitation of peri is a condition sine qua non to consider a recovery in hand urban space. As well as the accelerated evolution of the contemporary city gave birth to urban planning in the early twentieth century, we pose the hypothesis that the concept of périurbanisme might call the ordering of suburban necessary
Hesselbarth, Maximilian H. K. [Verfasser], Kerstin [Akademischer Betreuer] Wiegand, Holger [Gutachter] Kreft, and Uta [Gutachter] Berger. "Analysing and modelling spatial patterns to infer the influence of environmental heterogeneity using point pattern analysis, individual-based simulation modelling and landscape metrics / Maximilian H. K. Hesselbarth ; Gutachter: Holger Kreft, Uta Berger ; Betreuer: Kerstin Wiegand." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1210264641/34.
Full textMatiolli, João Antonio Camargo. "Relações entre características espaciais de cidades e a resiliência na mobilidade urbana /." Bauru, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/192220.
Full textResumo: O trabalho apresentado teve como objetivo principal avaliar as relações entre características espaciais das cidades e a resiliência em relação à mobilidade urbana, considerando os diferentes portes de municípios, em um estudo aplicado para o estado de São Paulo. Para atingir tal objetivo, foi proposto o desenvolvimento de um método de avaliação da resiliência na mobilidade urbana considerando viagens não motorizadas (caminhada e bicicleta), utilizando como inovação a Grade Estatística do IBGE. Em geral, para o modo a pé foi observado que cerca de 46% dos municípios analisados seriam totalmente resilientes, sendo que esta proporção é composta pelos munícipios de menor porte. Já os municípios que apresentaram uma baixa resiliência compreendem aproximadamente 11% do total de municípios e são caracterizados por aqueles de maior porte e mais populosos do estado. Para o modo bicicleta a situação é diferente, nota-se que apenas os municípios de São Paulo e Ilhabela apresentam baixa resiliência. Além disso, é observado que 91% dos municípios são totalmente resilientes em relação a esse modo de deslocamento. A partir dos resultados do método, buscou-se relacionar essa resiliência com métricas espaciais das cidades por meio de índices de forma urbana, a saber: Densidade, Concentração, Agrupamento e Centralidade. Dessa maneira, concluiu-se que a Densidade Domiciliar é o parâmetro que mais se destaca, uma vez que quanto maior o porte do município, maior foi o valor observado para essa mé... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the relationship between spatial characteristics of cities and the resilience in urban mobility, considering the different sizes of the municipalities, in a study applied to the state of São Paulo. To achieve this objective, we proposed the development of a method for assessing the resilience in urban mobility considering non-motorized trips (walking and cycling), using the Statistical Grid of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics as an innovation. In general, for walking, we observed that around 46% of the municipalities would be totally resilient, and this proportion corresponds to the smaller municipalities. On the other hand, the municipalities that show a lower resilience comprise approximately 11% of the total and are characterized by the largest and most populous municipalities in the state. For cycling the situation is different. We noted that only the municipalities of São Paulo and Ilhabela present a low resilience rate. In addition, we observed that 91% of the municipalities are totally resilient to this travel mode. In turn, we sought to establish a relationship between this resilience with spatial metrics of the cities through urban form indexes: Density, Concentration, Clustering and Centrality. Thus, we concluded that the household density is the parameter that stands out the most, since the larger the size of the municipality, the higher the value for this metric. For the other metrics (Concentration, Cl... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
Gurrapu, Chaitanya. "Human Action Recognition In Video Data For Surveillance Applications." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2004. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/15878/1/Chaitanya_Gurrapu_Thesis.pdf.
Full textGurrapu, Chaitanya. "Human Action Recognition In Video Data For Surveillance Applications." Queensland University of Technology, 2004. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15878/.
Full textDavis, Lloyd Eric. "Heavy vehicle suspensions : testing and analysis." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/34499/1/Lloyd_Davis_Thesis.pdf.
Full textGupta, Kishan. "Metric and non-metric inputs influence spatial and working memory processes of medial entorhinal neurons." Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12771.
Full textThe medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) contains spatial cell types including grid and head direction (HD) cells. Grid cells fire action potentials when animals pass through environmental locations that form vertices of tessellating triangles. HD cells fire when animals face a preferred direction along their azimuth. These cells have been widely studied for their potential metric role in spatial navigation, but considerably less is known about their non-metric functions. This thesis examines non-metric influences on the MEC during working memory maintenance, 'look-ahead' activity, and 'more familiar' or 'less familiar' environmental rotations. The first experiment tests the hypothesis that persistent spiking of MEC neurons could represent a sensory cue during a working memory task. Animals ran a T-Maze where an auditory stimulus cued rats to move toward left- or right-reward arms. Instead of the hypothesized increase in spike rate during the delay period between cue and reward, MEC spike rates were suppressed. Additionally, MEC ensemble firing at the choice point suggests that these cells encoded reward locations. This indicates the MEC displays forward activation of possible future locations ('look-ahead' activity). To model this experiment's look-ahead results, a recent model of goal-directed navigation was adapted to the previous T-Maze task. This adaptation trains a virtual rat to associate cues to reward cells and corresponding place cells, a difference from previous models where goal locations were not cueassociated. The rat reliably learns goal locations, performs look-ahead scans at the choice point, and simulated MEC activity decodes to reward locations, successfully modeling look-ahead behavior. The final experiment examines effects of environmental recency on spatial tuning of MEC neurons. Rats performed spatial alternation on a T-Maze rotated into 'more familiar' or 'less familiar' configurations as MEC units were recorded. Spatial cells oriented their firing fields in register with the T-Maze more often during less familiar rotations. This implies a shift in animals' reference frame with learned experience suggesting the MEC is comparing contexts in the same environment. In summary, these results highlight previously uninvestigated, non-metric influences over MEC activity with strong implications for goal-directed behavior and spatial navigation.
Marcel, Olivier. "Des horizons à la trace : géographie des mobilités de l'art à Nairobi." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BOR30061.
Full textThis Ph.D. thesis tackles the places and circulations involved in the making of art in a southern metropolis. It is situated at the crossroads of an urban geography concerned with the social and spatial layout through which this “ordinary” activity is organized, and a geographical approach of art that places actors’ trajectories at the heart of the analysis. Capital city in a postcolonial State, East African metropolis and periphery of the “global archipelagic economy”, Nairobi is a case of the encounter between metropolization and globalization. In the trail of the theories on the worlding of material geography, this study aims at documenting and mapping the reconfigurations of art space triggered by these dynamics. The novelty of this thesis is to assemble the entire range of art scenes and products of a city, using the common thread that is the spatial dimension of their circulations. The material studied (artists’ discourse and curriculum vitae; art centres activity and archive) takes on both the measureable circulations of artists while confronting them to their horizon of accomplishment. These are made up of the persistence of strong rural ties and the connectivity of a globally connected city. The method deployed relies on the notion of traceability and is based on a qualitative survey through observation. An exhibition, a performance, a mobility grant, a visiting curator, collector or benefactor, the daily circulations and socializing of an artist: all these individual, material, ideal or financial movements constitute the raw material of this research. The notion of art mobility is here understood as the articulation between artists’ agency and spatial tactics on the on hand, and the material and institutional means of dealing with distance on the other hand. Art mobility questions the conditions, directions and meanings of these movements as much as the growth of the actors engaged
Cai, Hui. "Making “invisible architecture” visible: a comparative study of nursing unit typologies in the United States and China." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/48972.
Full textBatista, Maria Teresa Folgôa. "Modelação geográfica em processos de caracterização e avaliação da paisagem numa perspetiva transfronteiriça." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/13095.
Full textYoussoufi, Samy. "Satisfaction résidentielle et configurations spatiales en milieu périurbain." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00903526.
Full textSPOSITO, AMBRA VALENTINA. "The spatial metric representation of body parts: behavioural and neuropsychological evidence." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/20101.
Full textMcinerney, Ciaran. "Determining spatio-temporal metrics that distinguish play outcomes in field hockey." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2017. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/16599/.
Full textNguyen, Van Tien. "Méthode d’extraction d’informations géographiques à des fins d’enrichissement d’une ontologie de domaine." Thesis, Pau, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PAUU3052/document.
Full textThis thesis is in the context of the ANR project GEONTO covering the constitution, alignment, comparison and exploitation of heterogeneous geographic ontologies. The goal is to automatically extract terms from topographic travelogues to enrich a geographical ontology originally designed by IGN. The proposed method allows identification and extraction of terms contained in a text with a topographical connotation. Our method is based on a model that relies on certain grammatical relations to locate these terms. The implementation of this model requires the use of methods or techniques of NLP (Processing of Language). Our model represents the relationships between terms to extract and other elements of the texts that can be identified by using external predefined resources, such as specific lexicons: verbs of travelogue (verbs of displacement, verbs of perceptions, topographical verbs), pre-positions (prepositions of place, adverbs, adjectives), place name, generic thesauri, ontologies of domain (in our case the geographical ontology originally designed by IGN). Once marked by linguistic patterns, the proposed relationships allow us to annotate and automatically retrieve terms. Then various indices help deduce whether the extracted terms evoke topographical concepts. It is through reasoning rules that deductions are made. These rules are based on intrinsic knowledge (evocation of space in the language) and external knowledge contained in external resources mentioned above, or their combination. The advantage of our approach is that the method can extract not only the terms related directly to place name but also those embedded in sentence structure in which other terms coexisted. Experiments on a corpus consisting of 12 travel stories (2419 pages, provided by the library of Pau) showed that our method is robust. As a result, it was used to extract 2173 distinct terms with 1191 valid terms, with a precision of 0.55. This demonstrates that the use of the proposed relationships is more effective than that of couples (term, place name) (which gives 733 distinct terms valid with an accuracy of 0.38). Our method can also be used for other applications such as geographic named entity recognition, spatial indexing of textual documents
Faustino, Bruno Filipe Fernandes Simões Salgueiro. "Implementation for spatial data of the shared nearest neighbour with metric data structures." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/8489.
Full textGupta, Upavan. "Utilitarian approaches for multi-metric optimization in VLSI circuit design and spatial clustering." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002584.
Full textSilva, Kmila Gomes da. "Avaliação da cobertura florestal da sub-bacia hidrográfica do rio Alegre, Sul do estado do Espírito Santo, utilizando geotecnologias." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/5824.
Full textThe analysis of the plant covering behavior on a temporal scale addresses practices that make forest remnant sustainability possible. The present study seeks to analyze the dynamics of the forest fragments in the hydrographic subbasin of the Alegre river, Espirito Santo state, based on the alterations of the plant covering and the structure of the forest landscape on a space-time scale, through two chapters. The first is based on the hypothesis that vegetation indexes can express similar vegetative or differentiated vigor of canopies of a specific area. To test the hypothesis, the objective was to to compare three vegetation indexes: TVI (Transformed Vegetation Index), CTVI (Corrected Transformed Vegetation Index) and RATIO (Ratio Vegetation Index), in relation to the behavior of NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), regarding the discrimination of the vegetative vigor, as well as the alterations in the forest cover between 1987 and 2010. Through the obtained results, it was verified that the vegetation indexes allowed to estimate the vegetative vigor of the plant covering. A 4.90% (NDVI) increase and one of 7.78% (TVI) of forest covering, a pasture reduction of 3.34% (NDVI) and 5.53% (TVI) and a reduction of nonvegetated areas of 5.93% (NDVI) and 3.35% (TVI), in the period between 1987 and 2010 were evidenced. The natural regeneration process might have been the decisive factor for the area increrease and the changes in the forest vegetation of the area. The second chapter was based on the hypotheses that:1) In the forest landscape the predominance of fragments of small area occured during the years studied (1975, 2002 and 2007); 2) there is a predominance of forest fragments with complex forms and with smaller central area; 3) The forest remnants are isolated and with a larger border area. Based on the above, the aim was to characterize the space and temporal evolution of the forest fragment structures using landscape ecology metrics applied in the years of 1975, 2002 and 2007; the structural analysis of the forest fragments was conducted contemplating area parameters, form, nucleus, border and proximity by size classes. Based on the obtained results, a 7% increase was verified in the total area of the forest covering with the appearance of 645 new fragments. The number of fragments increased and the area of contribution small, which implied in the high border/area ratio. The smallest fragments (< 1 ha.) presented simple geometric form in relation to the others. The largest forest fragments (> 20 ha.) were shown proximate, presenting a tendency towards reduction of the proximity measure values
A análise do comportamento da cobertura vegetal numa escala temporal direciona práticas que viabilizam a sustentabilidade dos remanescentes florestais. O presente estudo visa analisar a dinâmica dos fragmentos florestais na sub-bacia hidrográfica do rio Alegre-ES, com base nas alterações da cobertura vegetal e na estrutura da paisagem florestal em uma escala espaço temporal, por meio de dois capítulos. O primeiro deles com base na hipótese de que índices de vegetação podem expressar vigores vegetativos semelhantes ou diferenciados, de dosséis de uma determinada região. Para testar a hipótese, objetivou-se comparar três índices de vegetação: TVI (Transformed Vegetation Index), CTVI (Corrected Transformed Vegetation Index) e RATIO (Ratio Vegetation Index), em relação ao comportamento do NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Índex), quanto à discriminação do vigor vegetativo, bem como as alterações na cobertura florestal entre 1987 e 2010. Por meio dos resultados obtidos, verificou-se que os índices de vegetação permitiram estimar o vigor vegetativo da cobertura vegetal. Evidenciou-se o aumento da cobertura florestal de 4,90% (NDVI) e 7,78% (TVI), redução de pastagens de 3,34% (NDVI) e 5,53% (TVI), e redução de áreas não vegetadas de 5,93% (NDVI) e 3,35% (TVI), entre o período de 1987 e 2010. O processo de regeneração natural pode ter sido o fator determinante para o incremento de área e as mudanças na vegetação florestal da região. Já o segundo capítulo, baseou-se nas hipóteses de que: 1) Na paisagem florestal ocorre a predominância de fragmentos de pequena área durante os anos estudados (1975, 2002 e 2007); 2) Há predominância de fragmentos florestais com formas complexas e com menor área central; 3) Os remanescentes florestais estão isolados e com maior área de borda. Diante disso, objetivou-se caracterizar a evolução espacial e temporal das estruturas dos fragmentos florestais, utilizando as métricas da ecologia da paisagem aplicadas nos anos de 1975, 2002 e 2007; a análise estrutural dos fragmentos florestais foi realizada contemplando parâmetros de área, forma, núcleo, borda e proximidade em classes de tamanho. Com base nos resultados obtidos, verificou-se um aumento de 7% na área total da cobertura florestal com o surgimento de 645 novos fragmentos. O número de fragmentos foi elevado e a área de contribuição pequena, o que implicou na alta relação de borda/área. Os menores fragmentos (< 1 ha) apresentaram forma geométrica simples, em relação aos demais. Os maiores fragmentos florestais ( > 20 ha) mostraram-se próximos, apresentando uma tendência de redução nos valores da métrica de proximidade
D'Alessandro, Daniele. "From the traditional verification approach to the spatial methods: a study of applicability of the SAL metric in the framework of the WMO project MesoVICT." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/12026/.
Full textAslani, Pegah. "Active Control of Cylindrical Shells Using the Weighted Sum of Spatial Gradients (WSSG) Control Metric." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2017. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6454.
Full textParks, Robert E., and Michael T. Tuell. "The structure function as a metric for roughness and figure." SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622535.
Full textRodríguez, Pupo Luis Enrique. "An Analytics Platform for Integrating and Computing Spatio-Temporal Metrics in Location-aware Games." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Jaume I, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671588.
Full textEsta tesis presenta una plataforma de análisis para calcular métricas espacio-temporales en el contexto de geojuegos y aplicaciones basadas en el contexto. Se basa en un modelo conceptual para métricas espacio-temporales compuesto de dimensiones y variables para describir fenómenos con componentes espaciales y temporales, funciones de métricas para calcular información relevante para la aplicación, y acciones activadas cuando se cumplan ciertas condiciones. La implementación consiste en una aplicación distribuida basada en la nube que permite a los desarrolladores definir los requisitos de datos, recopilarlos en el cliente y ejecutar métricas espacio-temporales. Está diseñada para ser escalable en cuanto a los datos y al cómputo de las métricas. La plataforma está validada en dos experimentos: un geo-juego para recopilar datos de ruido en una ciudad y una aplicación móvil para tratamientos de salud mental basados en la ubicación, que muestra su usabilidad, versatilidad y viabilidad en escenarios del mundo real.
Silva, Normandes Matos da. "Dinâmica de uso das terras nos municípios de Bonito, Jardim e Bodoquena (MS) e o estado e conservação dos recursos biológicos do Parque Nacional da Serra da Bodoquena e de sua zona de amortecimento." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41134/tde-09062008-141526/.
Full textThe research approached the process of use and occupation of lands in the cities of Bonito, Bodoquena and Jardim, situated in the edge east of the National Park of the Serra da Bodoquena (NPSB), southwestern region of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Moreover, the conservation state was studied, in terms of structure and configuration of the landscape, of the contained remainders of cerrado and forest in the interior of the NPSB and its buffer zone. The objective was to analyze the dynamics of occupation of lands in the cities mentioned in last the 18 years, with sights to subsidizing strategies of planning of the use and ideal occupation for the region. Also, it was objectified to analyze the space-temporal dynamics of the landscape that composes the PNSB and its buffer zone, aiming at to the conservation of local biodiversity. For this, geographic information system (GIS) for the classification of images of satellite and elaboration of thematic maps was used. The determination of the NPSB conservation degree and its buffer zone occurred by means of the use and of metrics of landscape ecology and the adoption of Graph Theory. Chapter 1 demonstrated, by the maps generated for the cities of Bonito, Bodoquena and Jardim, of the years of 1986 and 2004, that it occurred a loss of native area and a consequent growth of the composed matrix for pastures (mainly) and agriculture. Only in Bodoquena the vegetal remainders had percentual had been bigger than the areas of pastures and agriculture. It can be observed that the studied region passes for a process of conversion of natural habitats, long ago continuous, for a composed landscape for patches of cerrado and forests in a matrix predominantly represented by planted pasture and agriculture. Chapter 2 showed that the forest and cerrado physiognomy, had been presented in better conservation in 1986 that in 2004. Moreover, it was possible to observe that the remainders of the vegetal formations above cited, had been presented in better conservation in the interior of the NPSB, that in its buffer zone. The map of relevance of the remainders of forest, considering the agreed area and shape notes metric of the spots, had indicated which the priority areas to be protecting, for possessing characteristics adjusted for the persistence of present forest biodiversity in the NPSB and its buffer zone. The north sector had detached for presenting remainders with high and extremely high values to the relevance. The same north sector posses a bigger number of points of sensitivity to the break of connectivity between the forest spots. In this region it can be observed that most of the points with high sensitivity deserves some strategy that delays or stop the conversion process of the forest for pasture or agriculture. Regard the standard of spelling of the vegetal remainders, had been concluded that: the remainders of cerrado and forest, in the interval of eighteen years, had been lesser, more irregular, more distant and more numerous, indicating a worsening in the state of conservation of the landscape between 1986 and 2004. This compromises the maintenance of biodiversity, the species persistence, diminishing its viable minimum populations. The diversification of the forms of use of lands in the matrix is recommended, with the introduction of forestry (mainly composed for native species), for example, also it will be able to assist in the maintenance/sprouting of the space heterogeneity and the structural complexity of the landscape. The Graph Theory, evaluated in this work, was presented as efficient tool to calculate the connectivity in heterogeneous landscapes.