Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Spatial Intelligence'
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Martin, Romain. "Encodage spatial et intelligence." Nancy 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN21014.
Full textThe dissertation is organized in two parts. The first part presents the literature concerning the study of spatial cognition. This representation adopts an interdisciplinary approach (psychology, neurophysiology, information sciences, ethology, philosophy). Of special interest are interindividual differences in spatial cognition as described by these disciplines. Particular attention is payed to qualitative processing differences, i. E. Different strategies for processing of visuo-spatial information. Individual differences in the quality of representations constructed from navigation in a threedimensional space are also analysed. The attempt is made to create an integrative framework of interpretation for the described differences on the basis of the neurologically plausible theory of Kosslyn introducing the distinction between categorical and metric spatial relations encoding. The hypothesis is made that the efficiency of these subsystems may represent an important element in the explanation of interindividual differences in spatial cognition. In the second part, 4 experiences are presented which imply the measurement of the quality of spatial relations encoding with computer-assisted tests. One of these tests measures specifically the precision of spatial relations encoding and shows stability of individual differences, as well as the relation between spatial relations encoding precision and performance on paper and pencil tests. This relation seems important, especially with the spatial and general factors of intelligence. A navigation test in a virtual environment furthermore permits to evaluate the influence of spatial relations encoding precision on wayfinding performance. Results are interpreted in the framework of Kosslyn's neurologically plausible theory of visuo-spatial information processing
Sandhu, Raghbir Singh. "Intelligent spatial decision support systems." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1998. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1317911/.
Full textKempster, Kurt A. "Frame rate effects on human spatial perception in video intelligence." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2000. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA382287.
Full text"September 2000." Thesis advisor(s): Darken, Rudolph P.; Brady, Terrance C. Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-78). Also available online.
Heil, Phillip J. "Spatial based learning force controller for a robotic manipulator." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16612.
Full textStocky, Thomas A. (Thomas August) 1978. "Conveying routes : multimodal generation and spatial intelligence in embodied conversational agents." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/87833.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 38-40).
by Thomas A. Stocky.
M.Eng.
Hong, Tao. "Long-Term Spatial Load Forecasting Using Human-Machine Co-construct Intelligence Framework." NCSU, 2008. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-10212008-105450/.
Full textPapadopoulos, Georgios. "Towards a 3D building reconstruction using spatial multisource data and computational intelligence techniques." Thesis, Limoges, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIMO0084/document.
Full textBuilding reconstruction from aerial photographs and other multi-source urban spatial data is a task endeavored using a plethora of automated and semi-automated methods ranging from point processes, classic image processing and laser scanning. In this thesis, an iterative relaxation system is developed based on the examination of the local context of each edge according to multiple spatial input sources (optical, elevation, shadow & foliage masks as well as other pre-processed data as elaborated in Chapter 6). All these multisource and multiresolution data are fused so that probable line segments or edges are extracted that correspond to prominent building boundaries.Two novel sub-systems have also been developed in this thesis. They were designed with the purpose to provide additional, more reliable, information regarding building contours in a future version of the proposed relaxation system. The first is a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) method for the detection of building borders. In particular, the network is based on the state of the art super-resolution model SRCNN (Dong C. L., 2015). It accepts aerial photographs depicting densely populated urban area data as well as their corresponding digital elevation maps (DEM). Training is performed using three variations of this urban data set and aims at detecting building contours through a novel super-resolved heteroassociative mapping. Another innovation of this approach is the design of a modified custom loss layer named Top-N. In this variation, the mean square error (MSE) between the reconstructed output image and the provided ground truth (GT) image of building contours is computed on the 2N image pixels with highest values . Assuming that most of the N contour pixels of the GT image are also in the top 2N pixels of the re-construction, this modification balances the two pixel categories and improves the generalization behavior of the CNN model. It is shown in the experiments, that the Top-N cost function offers performance gains in comparison to standard MSE. Further improvement in generalization ability of the network is achieved by using dropout.The second sub-system is a super-resolution deep convolutional network, which performs an enhanced-input associative mapping between input low-resolution and high-resolution images. This network has been trained with low-resolution elevation data and the corresponding high-resolution optical urban photographs. Such a resolution discrepancy between optical aerial/satellite images and elevation data is often the case in real world applications. More specifically, low-resolution elevation data augmented by high-resolution optical aerial photographs are used with the aim of augmenting the resolution of the elevation data. This is a unique super-resolution problem where it was found that many of -the proposed general-image SR propositions do not perform as well. The network aptly named building super resolution CNN (BSRCNN) is trained using patches extracted from the aforementioned data. Results show that in comparison with a classic bicubic upscale of the elevation data the proposed implementation offers important improvement as attested by a modified PSNR and SSIM metric. In comparison, other proposed general-image SR methods performed poorer than a standard bicubic up-scaler.Finally, the relaxation system fuses together all these multisource data sources comprising of pre-processed optical data, elevation data, foliage masks, shadow masks and other pre-processed data in an attempt to assign confidence values to each pixel belonging to a building contour. Confidence is augmented or decremented iteratively until the MSE error fails below a specified threshold or a maximum number of iterations have been executed. The confidence matrix can then be used to extract the true building contours via thresholding
Brennan, Jane Computer Science & Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "A framework for modelling spatial proximity." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Computer Science & Engineering, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43311.
Full textAlmeida, Dominique D'. "Etude de systèmes de contraintes pour le raisonnement qualitatif temporel et spatial." Thesis, Artois, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ARTO0411/document.
Full textModelling and solving constraints problems is a major domain in Artificial Intelligence. By the various natures of the constraints, different formalisms were proposed to express them in a simple andcompact way while guaranteeing the effectiveness of the associated solution tools. Propositional formulae, discrete constraint networks (DCNs), and qualitative constraint networks (QCNs) are the well known frameworks that guaranty these requirements. For temporal or space information, QCNs constitute a model of choice with many real world applications such as scheduling, temporal or spatial planning and geographic information systems. Our contributions aim at studying the links between QCNs, DCNs and propositional formulas, in order to adapt the tools developed in these fields and to propose new approaches. First of all, we focus on the structural aspects of QCNs, by transforming weak composition within the various frameworks. In order to define a transformation towards propositional logic we then exploit the properties of tractable classes of some qualitative formalism. Exploiting the transformation towards DCNs, we propose an incomplete method simplifying the proof of the inconsistency for QCNs by relaxing the weak composition property. Then, we propose a complete approach thanks to tractable classes. Finally, these studies lead us to propose a new form of local substitutability, whose static and dynamic detections significantly improve search algorithms for DCNs
Rogers, Judith Ann. "Understanding spatial intelligence through problem-solving in art: An analysis of behaviors, processes, and products." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186422.
Full textBelouaer, Lamia. "Représentation de la connaissance spatiale pour la planification." Caen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CAEN2070.
Full textWe are interested in the integration of spatial information for representation and reasoning to plan a mission in the human-robot interaction case. The first part of our work is for representation and spatial reasoning. We propose a spatial ontology: SpaceOntology qualitative and quantitative representation and reasonning. Based on this spatial modeling we have implemented a planner with two modules: a module for symbolic reasoning supported by a task planner and a module for spatial reasoning supported by the path planning and SpaceOntology. The third part of our contributions is the extension of the PDDL planning language to spatial information. This extension permits to express spatial planning problems
Stone, Erik E. Skubic Marge. "Adaptive temporal difference learning of spatial memory in the water maze task." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6586.
Full textTassinari, Tomas. "Progettazione di un sistema di Location Intelligence per una multiutility." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/11552/.
Full textMaculet, Robert, and JEAN-FRANCOIS PERROT. "Archipel : Intelligence artificielle et conception assistee par ordinateur en architecture. representation des connaissances spatiales,algebre de manhattan, et raisonnement spatial avec contraintes." Paris 6, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA066564.
Full textLeung, Sem Tsuen Henri Gerard. "Self-organized Construction of Spatial Structures by Swarms of Autonomous Mobile Agents." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1061232445.
Full textNeille, Stephen Robert, and s. neille@curtin edu au. "SPEED_SPACE Architecture, Landscape and Perceptual Horizons." RMIT University. Architecture & Design, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20090219.142507.
Full textBailey, David Thomas. "Development of an optimal spatial decision-making system using approximate reasoning." Queensland University of Technology, 2005. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16202/.
Full textDelaye, Adrien. "Méta-modèles de positionnement spatial pour la reconnaissance de tracé manuscrits." Rennes, INSA, 2011. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00651446.
Full textSpatial meta-models are introduced for a generic description of spatial relations between handwritten objetcs. The models are trainable from data and offer an increased precision thanks to the consideration of objetcs shapes. The fuzzy definition allows to deal with imprecision and provides an intuitive modeling. Meta-models have a predictive ability which enables the description of the modeled relation in the image space, relatively to a reference object. It allows the model visualization and provide a tool for context-driven object segmentation. We proporse a resentation of structured handwritten symbols based only on the description of their spatial information with meta-models. Segmentation of objetcs into primitives is driven by the models prediction ability. Results confirme the importance of spatial information and validate the quality of the proposed models
Pounds, Michael S. "Using spatial analogy to determine musical parameters in algorithmic composition." Virtual Press, 1995. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/958778.
Full textSchool of Music
Jurečka, Jan. "Analýza BI dat pomocí geografického systému." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-197063.
Full textFaienza, Antonio. "Progettazione ed Implementazione di una Dashboard di Location Intelligence in Ambito Retail." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/19607/.
Full textTashfeen, Asheer I. "The Presentation of Spatial Design using Autonomous Characters in Virtual Environments." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1243612250.
Full textInkaya, Tulin. "A Methodology Of Swarm Intelligence Application In Clustering Based On Neighborhood Construction." Phd thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613232/index.pdf.
Full textívarsson, Óli. "Improved Combat Tactics of AI Agents in Real-Time Strategy Games Using Qualitative Spatial Reasoning." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Humanities and Informatics, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-956.
Full textReal-time strategy (RTS) games constitute one of the largest game genres today and have done so for the past decade. A central feature of real-time strategy games is opponent AI which is suggestively the “last frontier” of game development because the focus of research has primarily been on other components, graphics in particular. This has led to AI research being largely ignored within the commercial game industry but several methods have recently been suggested for improving the strategic ability of AI agents in real-time strategy games.
The aim of this project is to evaluate how a method called qualitative spatial reasoning can improve AI on a tactical level in a selected RTS game. An implementation of an AI agent that uses qualitative spatial reasoning has been obtained and an evaluation of its performance in an RTS game example monitored and analysed.
The study has shown that qualitative spatial reasoning affects AI agent’s behaviour significantly and indicates that it can be used to deduce a rule-base that increases the unpredictability and performance of the agent.
Lee, Hyangsook. "The brain and learning| Examining the connection between brain activity, spatial intelligence, and learning outcomes in online visual instruction." Thesis, Kent State University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3618876.
Full textThe purpose of the study was to compare 2D and 3D visual presentation styles, both still frame and animation, on subjects' brain activity measured by the amplitude of EEG alpha wave and on their recall to see if alpha power and recall differ significantly by depth and movement of visual presentation style and by spatial intelligence. In addition, the study sought to determine whether there is any significant interaction between spatial intelligence and visual presentation style on alpha power and recall, and to determine whether any relationship exists between alpha power and recall.
The subjects in the present study were one hundred and twenty three undergraduate students at a university in the Midwest. After taking Vandenberg & Kuse's Mental Rotations Test, subjects were divided into low and high spatial intelligence groups, and subjects in each spatial intelligence group were evenly assigned to four different types of visual presentation style (2D still frame, 2D animation, 3D still frame, and 3D animation), receiving an instruction on LASIK eye surgical procedure in its respective visual presentation style. During the one-minute visual instruction, subjects' brain activity was measured and recorded using a wireless EEG headset. Upon completion of the instruction, subjects were given a 10-item multiple-choice test to measure their recall of the material presented during the instruction.
Two 2 (spatial intelligence) x 2 (depth) x 2 (movement) factorial Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were conducted, one with alpha power as a dependent variable and the other with recall as a dependent variable, to determine whether there is a significant difference in alpha power and recall by spatial intelligence and visual presentation style, as well as whether there is an interaction between these variables that affects alpha power and recall. The Pearson Correlation Coefficient was calculated to examine relationship between alpha power and recall.
The present study found (a) EEG alpha power did not differ by the difference in depth and movement, (b) 2D and animation were found to be more effective on recall, (c) alpha power did not differ by spatial intelligence, (d) recall did not differ by spatial intelligence, (e) there was a significant interaction between spatial intelligence and movement that affected alpha power; still frame resulted in higher alpha power for low spatial learners, and animation resulted in higher alpha power for high spatial learners, (f) there was a significant interaction between spatial intelligence, depth and movement on recall; for low spatial learners, 2D animation resulted in significantly higher recall than both 2D still frame and 3D animation, and for high spatial learners, 3D animation resulted in significantly higher recall than 3D still frame, and both 2D still frame and 2D animation resulted in close to significantly higher recall than 3D still frame, and (g) there was a mildly inverse relationship between alpha power and recall, brought on by a strong inverse relationship in 2D still frame revealing a 'higher alpha power-lower recall connection' for low spatial learners and a 'lower alpha power-higher recall connection' for high spatial learners.
Lee, Hyangsook. "The Brain and Learning: Examining the Connection between Brain Activity, Spatial Intelligence, and Learning Outcomes in Online Visual Instruction." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1380667253.
Full textLarson, Gerald E. "Frontiers of personnel assessment /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9904727.
Full textCastillo, Rosas Juan Daniel. "Análisis espacial colectivo como soporte a las decisiones espaciales : el sistema geoespacial de inteligencia colectiva = Collective spatial analysis as spatial decision-making support : the geospatial system of collective intelligence." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/386474.
Full textEl proceso de toma de decisiones espaciales con fines de planificación, políticas, planes o programas territoriales, está estrechamente vinculado con el concepto de la localización en el espacio geográfico respectivo, principalmente porque en base a las ubicaciones espaciales se pueden determinar y relacionar directa e indirectamente, muchos otros aspectos como son los recursos naturales, las materias primas, la infraestructura, la proximidad al mercado, el clima, la cultura, las áreas estratégicas y de seguridad, entre otros. Por esta razón, y asumiendo que el espacio geográfico constituye un sistema complejo, es necesario que la toma de decisiones espaciales destinada a lograr aspectos de localización de bienes servicios y/o eventos para lo fines antes mencionados, se efectúe interdisciplinarmente, preferentemente a través de la participación y consenso de los actores involucrados.En esta tesis se presenta una investigación aplicada que tuvo como propósito aportar un arquetipo para coadyuvar en el proceso de toma de decisiones espaciales por medio del consenso espacial entre diversos actores sociales, primordialmente con respecto a la localización de bienes, servicios y/o eventos. El arquetipo, basado en la versión espacial del Método Delphi modificado, tiene como característica principal el uso de las opiniones de un grupo de expertos para resolver un problema en el contexto de toma de decisiones y/o marco de previsión considerando el aspecto geográfico, con el objetivo de llegar a un consenso respecto a la identificación de una ubicación óptima en una parte limitada del territorio.Siguiendo la metodología de Investigación en Ciencia del Diseño (DSR por su acrónimo en Inglés) y adoptando como métodos auxiliares la Investigación Documental y el Desarrollo de Software Basado en la Reutilización, se ideó el artefacto llamado Sistema Geoespacial de Inteligencia Colectiva (SIGIC), con el cual se logró inducir y coordinar un comportamiento de inteligencia colectiva en grupos multidisciplinares no experimentados en el uso de geotecnologías, con el propósito de localizar bienes, servicios y/o eventos mediante el consenso espacial de los participantes. Este artefacto se evaluó en cinco situaciones diferentes de decisión espacial: dos en Italia, para la ubicación de una estación de monitoreo de calidad del aire y para la zonificación del proceso de prostitución de calle; dos en Ecuador, para determinar el lugar de instalación de un puesto para pruebas de tamizaje de VIH y para establecer las ubicaciones de puestos para la campaña anual de colecta de sangre; y una en la Antártida, Isla de Greenwich, para determinar la ubicación de bienes y servicios con fines de planificación de actividades de la Estación Científica Pedro Vicente Maldonado.Los principales resultados exhiben que grupos multidisciplinares sin práctica en el uso de geotecnologías pueden interactuar con estas herramientas para estudiar y determinar a través del consenso de sus opiniones espaciales, la probable localización de bienes, servicios y/o eventos en un territorio determinado, conformando de esta manera un proceso de Análisis Espacial Colectivo como soporte a las decisiones espaciales principalmente, para aspectos de planificación, organización y empleo de recursos en el territorio o bien para la evaluación, preparación o adopción de políticas, planes y programas correspondientes.
El procés de presa de decisions espacials amb fins de planificació, polítiques, plans o programes territorials, esta íntimament vinculat amb el concepte de la localització en l’espai geogràfic respectiu, principalment perquè en base a las ubicacions espacials es pot determinar i relacionar directament i indirecta, molts altres aspectes com són els recursos naturals, les matèries primeres, la infraestructura, la proximitat al mercat, el clima, la cultura, les àrees estratègiques i de seguretat, entre d´altres. Per aquesta raó, i assolint que el espai geogràfic constitueix un sistema complex, és necessari que la presa de decisions espacials destinada a aconseguir aspectes de localització de béns serveis i/o esdeveniments per els fins anteriorment esmentats, s’efectui interdisciplinariament, de manera preferent mitjançant la participació i consens dels actors involucrats.A aquesta tesi es presenta una investigació aplicada que va tenir com a propòsit aportar un arquetip per coadjuvar en el procés de presa de decisions espacials mitjançant el consens espacial entre diversos actors socials, primordialment respecte de la localització de béns, serveis i/o esdeveniments. L'arquetip, basat en la versió espacial del Mètode Delphi modificat, té com a característica principal l'ús de les opinions d'un grup d'experts per resoldre un problema en el context de presa de decisions i/o marc de previsió considerant l'aspecte geogràfic, amb el objectiu d'arribar a un consens respecte a la identificació d'una ubicació òptima en una part limitada del territori.Tot seguint la metodologia d´Investigació en Ciència del Disseny (DSR per el seu acrònim en anglès) i adoptant com a mètodes auxiliars la Investigació Documental i el Desenvolupament de Software Fonamentat en la Reutilització, es va idear l’artefacte anomenat Sistema Geoespacial d’Intel·ligència Col·lectiva (SIGIC), mitjançant del qual es va aconseguir induir i coordinar un comportament d’intel·ligència col·lectiva en grups multidisciplinaris no experimentats en l’ús de geotecnologíes, amb el propòsit de localitzar béns, serveis i/o esdeveniments mitjançant el consens espacial dels participants. Aquest artefacte es va avaluar en cinc situacions diferents de decisió espacial: dos a Itàlia, per a la ubicació d'una estació de monitorització de qualitat de l'aire i per a la zonificació del procés de prostitució del carrer; dos a Equador, per determinar el lloc d'instal·lació d'un posat per a proves de tamisatge de VIH i per establir les ubicacions de llocs per a la campanya anual de col·lecta de sang; i una a l'Antàrtida, Illa de Greenwich, per determinar la ubicació de béns i serveis amb fins de planificació d'activitats de l'Estació Científica Pedro Vicente Maldonado.Els principals resultats exhibeixen que grups multidisciplinaris sense practica en l’ús de les geotecnologíes poden interactuar amb aquestes eines per estudiar i determinar mitjançant el consens de les seves opinions espacials, la probable localització de béns, serveis i/o esdeveniments en un territori determinat, conformant d´aquesta manera un procés d’Anàlisi Espacial Col·lectiu com a suport a les decisions espacials principalment, per aspectes de planificació, organització i ocupació de recursos en el territori o bé per l´avaluació, preparació o adopció de polítiques, plans i programes corresponents.
Il processo decisionale spaziale ai fini della pianificazione, delle politiche, dei piani o dei programmi territoriali, è strettamente legato al concetto di localizzazione dello spazio geografico di riferimento, principalmente perché in base alle ubicazioni spaziali possono essere determinati e si relazionano direttamente e indirettamente, molti altri aspetti tra i quali le risorse naturali, le materie prime, le infrastrutture, la vicinanza al mercato, il clima, la cultura, le aree strategiche e di sicurezza. Quindi, assumendo che lo spazio geografico costituisce un sistema complesso, è necessario che le decisioni spaziali volte ad ottenere aspetti per la localizzazione di beni e servizi e/o eventi per i fini prima menzionati, siano effettuate in maniera interdisciplinare, preferibilmente attraverso la partecipazione e il consenso tra le parti interessate. In questa tesi viene presentata una ricerca applicata che ha avuto come proposito fornire un archetipo per aiutare nel processo decisionale spaziale per mezzo del consenso speciale tra diversi attori sociali, soprattutto per quanto riguarda la localizzazione dei beni, servizi e/o eventi. L'archetipo, in base alla versione spaziale del Metodo Delphi modificato, ha come caratteristica principale l'uso delle opinioni di un gruppo di esperti per risolvere un problema nel contesto del processo decisionale e/o di un quadro di previsione considerando l'aspetto geografico, con l'obiettivo di giungere ad un consenso riguardo l'identificazione di una posizione ottimale in una parte limitata del territorio. Seguendo la metodologia della Ricerca Scientifica di Progettazione (DSR con il suo acronimo in inglese) e adottando come metodi ausiliari la Ricerca Documentaria e lo Sviluppo del Software Basato sulla Riutilizzazione, è stato messo a punto l’artefatto chiamato Sistema Geo-Spaziale di Intelligenza Collettiva (SIGIC), con il quale è stato possibile indurre e coordinare un comportamento di intelligenza collettiva in gruppi multidisciplinari non sperimentati nell'uso di geo-tecniche, al fine di localizzare beni, servizi e/o eventi attraverso il consenso spaziale dei partecipanti. Questo artefatto è stato valutato in cinque situazioni diverse di decisione spaziale: due in Italia, per l'ubicazione di una stazione di monitoraggio della qualità dell'aria e per la zonizzazione del processo di prostituzione di strada; due in Ecuador, per determinare il luogo di installazione di un centro per i test per l'HIV e per stabilire le ubicazioni di centri per la campagna annuale di donazione del sangue; e una in Antartide, nell'isola Greenwich, per determinare l'ubicazione di beni e servizi al fine di pianificare le attività della Stazione Scientifica Pedro Vicente Maldonado. Dopo aver valutato l'artefatto in cinque differenti situazioni di decisione spaziale, i principali risultati mostrano che i gruppi multidisciplinari senza pratica nell'uso di geo-tecniche possono interagire con questi strumenti per studiare e determinare attraverso il consenso delle loro opinioni spaziali, la probabile localizzazione dei beni, servizi e/o eventi in un determinato territorio, formando così un processo di Analisi Spaziale Collettiva principalmente come supporto alle decisioni spaziali, per gli aspetti di pianificazione, organizzazione e l'uso delle risorse in il territorio o anche per la valutazione, la preparazione o l'adozione di politiche, piani e programmi corrispondenti.
Corkill, Gail Waechter. "Understanding spatial intelligence through the problem-solving of young children from culturally different backgrounds: An analysis of behaviors and products." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/284161.
Full textJiu, Mingyuan. "Spatial information and end-to-end learning for visual recognition." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAL0038/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we present our research on visual recognition and machine learning. Two types of visual recognition problems are investigated: action recognition and human body part segmentation problem. Our objective is to combine spatial information such as label configuration in feature space, or spatial layout of labels into an end-to-end framework to improve recognition performance. For human action recognition, we apply the bag-of-words model and reformulate it as a neural network for end-to-end learning. We propose two algorithms to make use of label configuration in feature space to optimize the codebook. One is based on classical error backpropagation. The codewords are adjusted by using gradient descent algorithm. The other is based on cluster reassignments, where the cluster labels are reassigned for all the feature vectors in a Voronoi diagram. As a result, the codebook is learned in a supervised way. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms on the standard KTH human action dataset. For human body part segmentation, we treat the segmentation problem as classification problem, where a classifier acts on each pixel. Two machine learning frameworks are adopted: randomized decision forests and convolutional neural networks. We integrate a priori information on the spatial part layout in terms of pairs of labels or pairs of pixels into both frameworks in the training procedure to make the classifier more discriminative, but pixelwise classification is still performed in the testing stage. Three algorithms are proposed: (i) Spatial part layout is integrated into randomized decision forest training procedure; (ii) Spatial pre-training is proposed for the feature learning in the ConvNets; (iii) Spatial learning is proposed in the logistical regression (LR) or multilayer perceptron (MLP) for classification
Gruet, Marina. "Intelligence artificielle et prévision de l'impact de l'activité solaire sur l'environnement magnétique terrestre." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ESAE0014/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we present models which belongs to the field of artificial intelligence to predict the geomagnetic index am based on solar wind parameters. This is done in terms to provide operational models based on data recorded by the ACE satellite located at the Lagrangian point L1. Currently, there is no model providing predictions of the geomagnetic index am. To predict this index, we have relied on nonlinear models called neural networks, allowing to model the complex and nonlinear dynamic of the Earth’s magnetosphere. First, we have worked on the development and the optimisation of basics neural networks like the multilayer perceptron. These models have proven in space weather to predict geomagnetic index specific to current systems like the Dst index, characteristic of the ring current, as well as the global geomagnetic index Kp. In particular, we have studied a temporal network, called the Time Delay Neural Network (TDNN) and we assessed its ability to predict the geomagnetic index am within one hour, base only on solar wind parameters. We have analysed the sensitivity of neural network performance when considering on one hand data from the OMNI database at the bow shock, and on the other hand data from the ACE satellite at the L1 point. After studying the ability of neural networks to predict the geomagnetic index am, we have developped a neural network which has never been used before in Space Weather, the Long Short Term Memory or LSTM. Like the TDNN, this network provides am prediction based only on solar wind parameters. We have optimised this network to model at best the magnetosphere behaviour and obtained better performance than the one obtained with the TDNN. We continued the development and the optimisation of the LSTM network by using coupling functions as neural network features, and by developing multioutput networks to predict the sectorial am also called aσ, specific to each Magnetical Local Time sector. Finally, we developped a brand new technique combining the LSTM network and gaussian process, to provide probabilistic predictions up to six hours ahead of geomagnetic index Dst and am. This method has been first developped to predict Dst to be able to compare the performance of this model with reference models, and then applied to the geomagnetic index am
Jabeur, Nafaâ. "A multi-agent system for on-the-fly web map generation and spatial conflict resolution." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23356/23356.pdf.
Full textAbstract Internet is a fast growing medium to get and disseminate geospatial information. It provides more and more web mapping services accessible by thousands of users worldwide. However, the quality of these services needs to be improved, especially in term of personalization. In order to increase map flexibility, it is important that the map corresponds as much as possible to the user’s needs, preferences and context. This may be possible by applying the suitable transformations, in real-time, to spatial objects at each map generation cycle. An underlying challenge of such on-the-fly map generation is to solve spatial conflicts that may appear between objects especially due to lack of space on display screens. In this dissertation, we propose a multiagent-based approach to address the problems of on-the-fly web map generation and spatial conflict resolution. The approach is based upon the use of multiple representation and cartographic generalization. It solves conflicts and generates maps according to our innovative progressive map generation by layers of interest approach. A layer of interest contains objects that have the same importance to the user. This content, which depends on the user’s needs and the map’s context of use, is determined on-the-fly. Our multiagent-based approach generates and transfers data of the required map in parallel. As soon as a given layer of interest is generated, it is transmitted to the user. In order to generate a given map and solve spatial conflicts, we assign a software agent to every spatial object. Then, the agents compete for space occupation. This competition is driven by a set of priorities corresponding to the importance of objects for the user. During processing, agents take into account users’ needs and preferences in order to improve the personalization of the final map. They emphasize important objects by improving their legibility and using symbols in order to help the user to better understand the geographic space. Since the user can stop the map generation process whenever he finds the required information from the amount of data already transferred, his waiting delays are reduced. In order to illustrate our approach, we apply it to the context of tourist web and mobile mapping applications. In these contexts, we propose to categorize data into four layers of interest containing: explicitly required objects, landmark objects, road network and ordinary objects which do not have any specific importance for the user. In this dissertation, our multiagent system aims at solving the following problems related to on-the-fly web mapping applications: 1. How can we adapt the contents of maps to users’ needs on-the-fly? 2. How can we solve spatial conflicts in order to improve the legibility of maps while taking into account users’ needs? 3. How can we speed up data generation and transfer to users? The main contributions of this thesis are: 1. The resolution of spatial conflicts using multiagent systems, cartographic generalization and multiple representation. 2. The generation of web and mobile maps, on-the-fly, using multiagent systems, cartographic generalization and multiple representation. 3. The real-time adaptation of maps’ contents to users’ needs at the source (during the first generation of the map). 4. A new modeling of the geographic space based upon a multi-layers multiagent system architecture. 5. A progressive map generation approach by layers of interest. 6. The generation and transfer of web and mobile maps at the same time to users.
Schwind, Nicolas. "Fusion de réseaux de contraintes qualitatives." Thesis, Artois, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ARTO0410/document.
Full textTime and space representation is an important task in many domains such as natural language processing, geographic information systems (GIS), computer vision, robot navigation. Many qualitative approaches have been proposed to represent the spatial or temporal entities and their relations. The majority of these formalisms use qualitative constraints networks (QCNs) to represent information about a system.In some application, e. g. multi-agent systems, spatial or temporal information come from different sources, i. e. each source provides a spatial or temporal QCN representing relative positions between objects. The multiplicity of sources providing spatial or temporal information makes that the underlying QCNs are generally conflicting. Indeed it becomes necessary to solve the conflicts and define a set of consistent spatial or temporal information representing the result of merging.Merging multiple sources information has attracted much attention in the framework of propositional logic. We take an inspiration from these works in order to define some merging process specified to QCNs, and study their logic and computational properties
Capanni, Niccolo Francesco. "The functionality of spatial and time domain artificial neural models." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10059/241.
Full textHuňa, Tomáš. "Využití mapových podkladů při řešení reportingu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-124674.
Full textKalus, Vilém. "Lokační data se zaměřením na oblast retailu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-192425.
Full textWilhelmi, Roca Francesc. "Towards spatial reuse in future wireless local area networks: a sequential learning approach." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669970.
Full textL'operació de reutilització espacial (SR) està guanyant impuls per a la darrera família d'estàndards IEEE 802.11 a causa dels aclaparadors requisits que presenten les xarxes sense fils de nova generació. En particular, la creixent necessitat de tràfic i el nombre de dispositius concurrents comprometen l'eficiència de les xarxes d'àrea local sense fils (WLANs) cada cop més concorregudes i posen en dubte la seva naturalesa descentralitzada. L'operació SR, inicialment introduïda per l'estàndard IEEE 802.11ax-2021 i estudiada posteriorment a IEEE 802.11be-2024, pretén augmentar el nombre de transmissions concurrents en un conjunt bàsic de serveis superposats (OBSS) mitjançant l'ajustament de la sensibilitat i el control de potència de transmissió, millorant així l'eficiència espectral. El nostre estudi sobre el funcionament de SR mostra un potencial destacat per millorar el nombre de transmissions simultànies en desplegaments multitudinaris, contribuint així al desenvolupament d'aplicacions de nova generació de baixa latència. Tot i això, els beneficis potencials de SR són actualment limitats per la rigidesa del mecanisme introduït per a l'11ax, i la manca de coordinació entre els BSS que ho implementen. L'operació SR evoluciona cap a esquemes coordinats on cooperen diferents BSS. En canvi, la coordinació comporta una sobrecàrrega de comunicació i sincronització, el qual té un impacte en el rendiment de les WLAN. D'altra banda, l'esquema coordinat és incompatible amb els dispositius que utilitzen versions anteriors IEEE 802.11, la qual cosa podria deteriorar el rendiment de les xarxes ja existents. Per aquests motius, en aquesta tesi s'avalua la viabilitat de mecanismes descentralitzats per a SR i s'analitzen minuciosament els principals impediments i mancances que se'n poden derivar. El nostre objectiu és donar llum a la futura forma de les WLAN pel que fa a l?optimització de SR i si s'ha de mantenir el seu caràcter descentralitzat, o bé és preferible evolucionar cap a desplegaments coordinats i centralitzats. Per abordar SR de forma descentralitzada, ens centrem en la Intel·ligència Artificial (AI) i ens proposem utilitzar una classe de mètodes seqüencials basats en l'aprenentatge, anomenats Multi-Armed Bandits (MAB). L'esquema MAB s'adapta al problema descentralitzat de SR perquè aborda la incertesa causada pel funcionament simultani de diversos dispositius (és a dir, un entorn multi-jugador) i la falta d'informació que se'n deriva. Els MAB poden fer front a la complexitat darrera les interaccions espacials entre dispositius que resulten de modificar la seva sensibilitat i potència de transmissió. En aquest sentit, els nostres resultats indiquen guanys importants de rendiment (fins al 100 \%) en desplegaments altament densos. Tot i això, l'aplicació d'aprenentatge automàtic amb múltiples agents planteja diversos problemes que poden comprometre el rendiment dels dispositius d'una xarxa (definició d'objectius conjunts, horitzó de convergència, aspectes d'escalabilitat o manca d'estacionarietat). A més, el nostre estudi d'aprenentatge multi-agent per a SR multi-agent inclou aspectes d'infraestructura per a xarxes de nova generació que integrin AI de manera intrínseca.
Oehlert, Jeremy. "Mental Image Manipulation and Math: An Investigation into the Influence of Visualization and Mental Rotation on Math Performance." Cleveland, Ohio : Case Western Reserve University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1252445650.
Full textTitle from PDF (viewed on 2010-01-28) Department of Psychology Includes abstract Includes bibliographical references and appendices Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center
Acedo, Sánchez Albert. "Place and City: merging our affective and social spatial dimension in the (smart) platial city." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Jaume I, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666678.
Full textWe are living in (smart) cities that hold social-oriented promises but currently, most of these cities disregard the humans. Although some alternatives are appearing such as smart citizen-centric approaches, there is a lack of how promoting truly appealing perspectives toward a common good or better social synergies. Thereby, smart cities, with their associated Information and Communication Technology tools, are offering new possibilities, but, unfortunately, citizens are not fully exploiting the opportunities to empower themselves because, among other reasons, they are not aware of their common spatialities. Currently, we are not able to operationalize the spatial humanurban interactions regarding citizens’ cognitions, feelings and behaviors towards city places (i.e., sense of place) and meaningful geographic human relationships (i.e., social capital). Both concepts are significant as resources for an alternative landscape based on human perception and organization of social interactions fostered through the geographic place(s). In this research, we highlight the need to understand and operationalize social concepts spatial dimension for a better understanding of a smart citizen-centric approach which is mainly dependent on our capability to understand platial urban dynamics. We conceptualized a (spatial) conceptual framework for sense of place and social capital at the individual level to study their spatial relationship in the urban context. We developed a web map-based survey based on the literature to spatialize, characterize and measure sense of place, social capital and civic engagement. Using the spatial data collected, we validated our framework and demonstrated the importance to encompass the spatial dimension of social concepts (i.e., sense of place and social capital) as pivotal aspect (1) to understand the platial urban dynamics; (2) to provide useful social-spatial data to city processes (e.g. civic engagement); and (3) to reveal the potential to include them in social theory and structural equation models. Furthermore, we highlighted the crucial role of Geographic Information Science (GISc) techniques to gather the spatial dimension of those social concepts. Although in this research we focus on the spatial relationship between sense of place and social capital on civic engagement, the possibilities to relate our framework and methodology to other city based-notions can bring to light new platial urban dynamics. This research wants to open up the agenda for further research into exploratory place-based geography studies and, simultaneously, sets up a common social ground to build other socially-oriented conceptualizations or applications on top of it.
Larvor, Yannick. "Notions de méréogéométrie : description qualitative de propriétés géométriques du mouvement et de la forme d'objets tridimensionnels." Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30131.
Full textSilva, Diego dos Santos. "Geração de referências espaciais em ambientes interativos tridimensionais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/100/100131/tde-30102013-160000/.
Full textReferring expressions generation (REG) is one of the main components in the generation of Natural Language from non-linguistic data. Existing work in the eld tends to focus on simple two- or three-dimensional domains. More realistic domains, however, are still little investigated, possibly due to the diculties in producing computational models with the required degree of complexity. The recent rise of applications based on three-dimensional interactive environments, however, oers a wide range of research opportunities in REG. In this work we present a REG algorithm for selecting spatial attributes in three-dimensional interactive environments GIVE. The proposed solution is an extension of a traditional REG algorithm that makes use of spatial relations combined with linguistic knowledge extracted from corpora and computational models of spatial reference. The proposal was evaluated intrinsically in the domain of instructions generation in virtual worlds.
Salehi, Mehrdad. "Developing a Model and a Language to Identify and Specify the Integrity Constraints in Spatial Datacubes." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26325/26325.pdf.
Full textTexte en anglais avec résumés en anglais et en français. Bibliogr.: f. 185-197. Publié aussi en version électronique dans la Collection Mémoires et thèses électroniques.
Misiti, Yves. "Détermination, guidée par les connaissances, d'une loi de pilotage pour un lanceur spatial : analyse de ces connaissances et construction d'un système expert." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112353.
Full textRochon, du Verdier Franck. "Résolution de problèmes d'aménagement spatial fondée sur la satisfaction de contraintes : validation sur l'implantation d'équipements électroniques hyperfréquences." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO10141.
Full text野口, 裕之, and Hiroyuki NOGUCHI. "<原著>識別性検査 A-1001 の「関係判断力・応用力」領域および「記憶」領域の IRT 尺度化." 名古屋大学教育学部, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/3991.
Full textOehlert, Jeremy Joseph. "Variance in Math Achievement Attributable to Visual Cognitive Constructs." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1341509089.
Full textSales, Fonteles André. "A generic architecture and a recommendation strategy for spatial crowdsourcing platforms." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAM072.
Full textSpatial Crowdsourcing Platforms (SCP) are systems that allow people, called requesters, to publish spatial tasks in order to find suitable workforce to perform it. These spatial tasks require workers to be at a given location, usually within a given time window, to be accomplished. Some examples of SCPs are: Uber, BlaBlaCar and TaskRabbit. SCPs are source of much interest for academy, however several research opportunities remain.Doan et al. [2011] argued that the race is now on “toward building general crowdsourcing platforms that can be used to develop such systems quickly". Since then, little has been done to investigate the technical design of SCPs precisely. Also, there is a gap between what is done in commercial platform and in scientific literature. We propose GENIUS-C, a generic architecture for SPCs. We provide a reference implementation (RI) for GENIUS-C, that works as a framework for the development of SCPs. GENIUS-C and its RI are meant to fill the gap between the academic and industry world, and facilitate the understanding and the quick development of new SCPs.We also study the important problem of matching workers and tasks. How can we find one or more tasks suitable for a worker (and vice versa)? Some tackle this issue using recommender system techniques, others optimization approaches. Most of them do not take into account the spatiotemporal dimensions of tasks and workers. Others take it into account, but to ignore the preferences of either workers, requesters or the system itself. In this context, we identify and model the following common real-life problem: once a worker is willing to spend sometime accomplishing tasks, what is the best sequence of tasks to be followed respecting their spatiotemporal constraints? How can this sequence be obtained taking into account the preferences of the worker, the requesters, the system itself, or a combination of them? We name this situation the Trajectory Recommendation Problem (TRP), propose a feasible exact solution and study approximation heuristics for it
Sioutis, Michaël. "Algorithmic contributions to qualitative constraint-based spatial and temporal reasoning." Thesis, Artois, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ARTO0401/document.
Full textQualitative Spatial and Temporal Reasoning is a major field of study in Artificial Intelligence and, particularly, in Knowledge Representation, which deals with the fundamental cognitive concepts of space and time in an abstract manner. In our thesis, we focus on qualitative constraint-based spatial and temporal formalisms and make contributions to several aspects. In particular, given a knowledge base of qualitative spatial or temporal information, we define novel local consistency conditions and related techniques to efficiently solve the fundamental reasoning problems that are associated with such knowledge bases. These reasoning problems consist of the satisfiability problem, which is the problem of deciding whether there exists a quantitative interpretation of all the entities of a knowledge base such that all of its qualitative relations are satisfied by that interpretation, the minimal labeling problem, which is the problem of determining all the atoms for each of the qualitative relations of a knowledge base that participate in at least one of its solutions, and the redundancy problem, which is the problem of obtaining all the non-redundant qualitative relations of a knowledge base. Further, we enrich the field of spatio-temporal formalisms that combine space and time in an interrelated manner by making contributions with respect to a qualitative spatio-temporal logic that results by combining the propositional temporal logic (PTL) with a qualitative spatial constraint language, and by investigating the task of ordering a temporal sequence of qualitative spatial configurations to meet certain transition constraints
Delaye, Adrien. "Méta-modèles de positionnement spatial pour la reconnaissance de tracés manuscrits." Phd thesis, INSA de Rennes, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00651446.
Full textLefort, Mathieu. "Apprentissage spatial de corrélations multimodales par des mécanismes d'inspiration corticale." Phd thesis, Université Nancy II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00756687.
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