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Journal articles on the topic 'Spatial information; Orientation; Flocking'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

Yungkurth, Erika J., and Bruce G. Coury. "Orientation Information on Spatial Displays." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 34, no. 19 (1990): 1474–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129003401912.

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Pomara, Lars Y., Robert J. Cooper, and Lisa J. Petit. "Mixed-Species Flocking and Foraging Behavior of Four Neotropical Warblers in Panamanian Shade Coffee Fields and Forests." Auk 120, no. 4 (2003): 1000–1012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/120.4.1000.

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Abstract We quantified foraging rates and foraging visibility metrics for four Neotropical warblers—Slate-throated Redstart (Myoborus miniatus), Golden-crowned Warbler (Basileuterus culicivorus), Wilson's Warbler (Wilsonia pusilla), and Black-and-White Warbler (Mniotilta varia)—under flocking and solitary conditions in western Panama to test hypotheses regarding the relative influences of predation pressure and social facilitation on foraging behavior. We also compared foraging behavior in primary forests and in traditionally managed shade coffee fields for two species (Slate-throated Redstart

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3

Chua, Fook Kee. "The processing of spatial frequency and orientation information." Perception & Psychophysics 47, no. 1 (1990): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03208168.

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Endsley, Mica R., and S. Armida Rosiles. "Vertical Auditory Localization for Spatial Orientation." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 39, no. 1 (1995): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129503900113.

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The use of three-dimensional auditory technology which provides localization of auditory cues presented through headphones is proposed as a means of providing supplemental information to pilots on the spatial orientation of an aircraft. This technique shows promise for reducing accidents due to spatial disorientation associated with high visual load. A study was conducted using Air Force pilots as subjects to determine desirable cue characteristics for accurately localizing auditory cues using this technique. The study examined the use of nine different cue types at each of two frequency level

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Olzak, Lynn A., and Thomas D. Wickens. "Discrimination of Complex Patterns: Orientation Information is Integrated across Spatial Scale; Spatial-Frequency and Contrast Information are Not." Perception 26, no. 9 (1997): 1101–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p261101.

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Real-world objects are complex, containing information at multiple orientations and spatial scales. It is well established that at initial cortical stages of processing, local information about an image is separately represented at multiple spatial scales. However, it is not yet established how these early representations are later integrated across scale to signal useful information about complex stimulus features, such as edges and textures. In the studies reported here, we investigate the scale-integration processes involved in distinguishing among complex patterns. We use a concurrent-resp

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Martínez-Clark, R., C. Cruz-Hernández, J. Pliego-Jimenez, and A. Arellano-Delgado. "Control algorithms for the emergence of self-organized behaviours in swarms of differential-traction wheeled mobile robots." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 15, no. 6 (2018): 172988141880643. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1729881418806435.

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This article proposes three control algorithms for the emergence of self-organized behaviours, including aggregation, flocking and rendezvous, in swarm robotics systems. The proposed control algorithms are based on a local polar coordinates’ control law available in the literature for posture regulation; this law is adapted to work in a self-organized robotic swarm using distance and bearing as coupling information. Therefore, the robots only need to know the radial distance and orientation to the goal; additionally, the three algorithms are based on self-organization, eliminating the need for

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MacEachren, Alan M. "Learning Spatial Information from Maps: Can Orientation-Specificity Be Overcome?∗." Professional Geographer 44, no. 4 (1992): 431–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0033-0124.1992.00431.x.

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Dakin, Steven C. "Information limit on the spatial integration of local orientation signals." Journal of the Optical Society of America A 18, no. 5 (2001): 1016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josaa.18.001016.

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Maij, Femke, Eli Brenner, and Jeroen B. J. Smeets. "Temporal Information Can Influence Spatial Localization." Journal of Neurophysiology 102, no. 1 (2009): 490–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.91253.2008.

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To localize objects relative to ourselves, we need to combine various sensory and motor signals. When these signals change abruptly, as information about eye orientation does during saccades, small differences in latency between the signals could introduce localization errors. We examine whether independent temporal information can influence such errors. We asked participants to follow a randomly jumping dot with their eyes and to point at flashes that occurred near the time they made saccades. Such flashes are mislocalized. We presented a tone at different times relative to the flash. We foun

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Hill, Oliver W., and M. Hadi Moadab. "Spatial Information and Temporal Representation in Memory." Perceptual and Motor Skills 81, no. 3_suppl (1995): 1339–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1995.81.3f.1339.

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This study examined the effect of spatial cues on memory for temporal order. Improved performance for temporal order with added spatial cues was found only for certain directions and orientations. Dependent measures included memory for items, order, and response latency. The presence of a spatial cue had a significant effect on memory for order but not on memory for an item. For response latency, there were significant main effects for visual field and direction. There were also several significant interactions of visual field, direction, and orientation. The implications of these findings for

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Ryzhkov, Igor Victorovych. "SECONDARY INFORMATION PROCESSING METHODS WHILE ESTIMATING THE SPATIAL ORIENTATION OF OBJECTS." Applied Aspects of Information Technology 3, no. 4 (2020): 221–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15276/aait.04.2020.1.

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The study is devoted to solving the scientific problem of ensuring unbiasedness and increasing the efficiency of assessing the spatial orientation of objects by applying new methods of secondary information processing in software and hardware components of computer systems. The paper describes a developed method for compensating for magnetic anomalies that affect magnetically sensitive sensors of the inclinometer rotation angles. It is based on recording the inclinometer readings and the angle of rotation of the drill pipe as it rotates in the mouth of well in a range of 360 degrees. This make

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12

Burke, D. J. "Interpreting spatial information and regulating mitosis in response to spindle orientation." Genes & Development 23, no. 14 (2009): 1613–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.1826409.

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13

Douglas, Lisa J., and Herbert A. Colle. "Spatial Orientation with a Prominent Hallway Landmark." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 49, no. 21 (2005): 1873–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120504902112.

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The design of 3-D perspective interfaces can be facilitated by using virtual room displays for spatially organizing information inside of rooms, but additional design methods are needed to enhance between-room spatial knowledge. To evaluate its potential as a design enhancement, a prominent landmark in the hallway between the rooms was compared with a no landmark condition. Participants navigated a shopping center via hallways on a desktop virtual environment. Pointing and sketch map data were obtained as measures of configural (or survey) spatial knowledge for objects in the same store or in

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Girvan, Joanna, and Victoria Braithwaite. "ORIENTATION BEHAVIOUR IN STICKLEBACKS: MODIFIED BY EXPERIENCE OR POPULATION SPECIFIC?" Behaviour 137, no. 7-8 (2000): 833–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853900502475.

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AbstractTo investigate the mechanisms underlying preferred spatial information use in Three-spined sticklebacks we reared fish derived from contrasting habitats (pond and river populations) under a range of conditions. The rearing conditions were designed to determine whether the spatial information used by sticklebacks is population specific, whether it is learned or whether it is produced by an interaction between these two factors. Fish reared under different conditions were trained to solve two experimental tasks to determine what spatial information they preferred to use. The results indi

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RAHMAN, QAZI, GLENN D. WILSON, and SHARON ABRAHAMS. "Sexual orientation related differences in spatial memory." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 9, no. 3 (2003): 376–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617703930037.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate and extend previously reported sex differences in object location memory by comparing the performance of heterosexual and homosexual males and females. Subjects were 240 healthy, right-handed heterosexual and homosexual males and females. They were instructed to study 16 common, gender-neutral objects arranged randomly in an array and subsequently tested for object recall, object recognition and spatial location memory. Females recalled significantly more objects than males, although there were no group differences in object recognition. Decompositi

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Colle, Herbert A., and Gary B. Reid. "Spatial Orientation in 3-D Desktop Displays: Using Rooms for Organizing Information." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 45, no. 3 (2003): 424–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1518/hfes.45.3.424.27257.

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Understanding how spatial knowledge is acquired is important for spatial navigation and for improving the design of 3-D perspective interfaces. Configural spatial knowledge of object locations inside rooms is learned rapidly and easily (Colle & Reid, 1998), possibly because rooms afford local viewing in which objects are directly viewed or, alternatively, because of their structural features. The local viewing hypothesis predicts that the layout of objects outside of rooms also should be rapidly acquired when walls are removed and rooms are sufficiently close that participants can directly

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Ge, Q. J., and B. Ravani. "Computation of Spatial Displacements from Redundant Geometric Features." Journal of Mechanical Design 116, no. 4 (1994): 1073–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2919489.

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This paper follows a previous one on the computation of spatial displacements (Ravani and Ge, 1993). The first paper dealt with the problem of computing spatial displacements from a minimum number of simple features of points, lines, planes, and their combinations. The present paper deals with the same problem using a redundant set of the simple geometric features. The problem for redundant information is formulated as a least squares problem which includes all simple features. A Clifford algebra is used to unify the handling of various feature information. An algorithm for determining the bes

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Arthur, E. J., P. A. Hancock, and S. T. Chrysler. "Spatial Orientation in Real and Virtual Worlds." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 37, no. 4 (1993): 328–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129303700416.

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Virtual environments promise an almost limitless vista of expansion for human capabilities. They are being touted as the interface of the future and have begun to generate an expectation of a revolution in human-computer interaction greater than any seen to date. Like much hyperbole that cascades around innovative technology, little is based in knowledge while much is based on expectation or sheer speculation. In previous work, we have examined some of the basic human factors questions about usability. Here we specifically examine the ability to reproduce a complex spatial layout of objects ha

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Ryzhkov, I. V. "Methods of secondary information transformation for the evaluating of object’s spatial orientation." Bulletin of Prydniprovs’ka State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, no. 5 (November 10, 2019): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.221019.92.527.

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20

Swink, Morgan, and Cheri Speier. "Presenting Geographic Information: Effects of Data Aggregation, Dispersion, and Users' Spatial Orientation." Decision Sciences 30, no. 1 (1999): 169–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.1999.tb01605.x.

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21

Davies, T. Claire, and Shane D. Pinder. "Spatial Orientation Using Echolocation — Characterising Signals for Downconversion." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 49, no. 11 (2005): 1009–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120504901102.

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Individuals with visual impairments sometimes use echolocation for spatial orientation and obstacle detection. An advantage to echolocation is the ability to determine the location of obstacles without physical contact. Echolocation has essentially become obsolete with the increase in environmental noise. If echolocation could be performed at ultrasound and downconverted directly to the auditory domain, visually impaired travellers may be better able to spatially orient. As a first step in this project, we needed to determine auditory signals that could have the potential to allow us to extrac

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Vidal, Manuel, Mark Lipshits, Joseph McIntyre, and Alain Berthoz. "Gravity and spatial orientation in virtual 3D-mazes." Journal of Vestibular Research 13, no. 4-6 (2003): 273–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ves-2003-134-612.

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In order to bring new insights into the processing of 3D spatial information, we conducted experiments on the capacity of human subjects to memorize 3D-structured environments, such as buildings with several floors or the potentially complex 3D structure of an orbital space station. We had subjects move passively in one of two different exploration modes, through a visual virtual environment that consisted of a series of connected tunnels. In upright displacement, self-rotation when going around corners in the tunnels was limited to yaw rotations. For horizontal translations, subjects faced fo

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23

Flanders, Martha, and John F. Soechting. "Frames of Reference for Hand Orientation." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 7, no. 2 (1995): 182–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.1995.7.2.182.

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In reaching and grasping movements, information about object location and object orientation is used to specify the appropriate proximal arm posture and the appropriate positions for the wrist and fingers. Since object orientation is ideally defined in a frame of reference fixed in space, this study tested whether the neural control of hand orientation is also best described as being in this spatial reference frame. With the proximal arm in various postures, human subjects used a handheld rod to approximate verbally defined spatial orientations. Subjects did quite well at indicating spatial ve

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Szczepański, Grzegorz, Leszek Morzyński, Dariusz Pleban, and Rafał Młyński. "CIOP-PIB test stand for studies on spatial sound perception using ambisonics." Occupational Safety – Science and Practice 565, no. 10 (2018): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.6477.

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Acoustic signals can be a source of information affecting workers’ safety in the working environment. Sound perception, directional hearing and spatial orientation of people in the working environment depend on a number of factors, such as acoustic properties of the work room, noise and its parameters, the use of hearing protection, hearing loss or the use of hearing aids. Learning about the impact of these factors on perception, directional hearing and orientation requires using spatial sound and is essential for creating safe working conditions. This article presents basic information about

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Lathrop, William B., and Mary K. Kaiser. "Perceived Orientation in Physical and Virtual Environments: Changes in Perceived Orientation as a Function of Idiothetic Information Available." Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 11, no. 1 (2002): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/105474602317343631.

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Two experiments examined perceived spatial orientation in a small environment as a function of experiencing that environment under three conditions: real-world, desktop-display (DD), and head-mounted display (HMD). Across the three conditions, participants acquired two targets located on a perimeter surrounding them, and attempted to remember the relative locations of the targets. Subsequently, participants were tested on how accurately and consistently they could point in the remembered direction of a previously seen target. Results showed that participants were significantly more consistent

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Victor, J. D., K. Purpura, E. Katz, and B. Mao. "Population encoding of spatial frequency, orientation, and color in macaque V1." Journal of Neurophysiology 72, no. 5 (1994): 2151–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1994.72.5.2151.

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1. We recorded local field potentials in the parafoveal representation in the primary visual cortex of anesthetized and paralyzed macaque monkeys with a multicontact electrode that provided for sampling of neural activity at 16 sites along a vertical penetration. Differential recordings at adjacent contacts were transformed into an estimate of current source density (CSD), to provide a measure of local neural activity. 2. We used m-sequence stimuli to map the region of visual space that provided input to the recording site. The local field potential recorded in macaque V1 has a population rece

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Fan, Hong Chao, Feng Lian Niu, and Rong Liang. "Rigid Body Orientation Analysis Model Based on Stereo Vision." Applied Mechanics and Materials 707 (December 2014): 372–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.707.372.

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In order to satisfy the orientation measuring requirements of rigid-body such as work piece, cutting tool in industry, the paper presents a binocular vision detection technique based on spatial position information of markers to extract rigid-body pose information and analyzes the pose accuracy of rigid-body using the principal component analysis (PCA) when spatial position error of markers exist. The simulation experiment demonstrates the maximum angle error of orientation is about 0.59 degree when the position error of markers satisfy the Gaussian distribution with the mean is zero and the s

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Karnath, H. O., M. Fetter, and M. Niemeier. "Disentangling Gravitational, Environmental, and Egocentric Reference Frames in Spatial Neglect." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 10, no. 6 (1998): 680–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089892998563095.

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Previous studies in neglect patients using rotation of the body around the roll-axis revealed neglect of visual stimuli not only in the egocentric, body-centered left but also in the environmental left. The latter has been taken as evidence for a gravity-based environment-centered component of neglect occurring independently of the subject's actual body orientation. However, by using visual stimuli in a normally lightened room, the studies confounded the gravitational upright with the visible upright of the surround. Thus, it is possible that the visible upright of the environment may have ser

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Li, J., M. M. Cohen, C. W. DeRoshia, and L. T. Guzy. "Effects of Observer Orientation on Perception of Ego- and Exocentric Spatial Locations." Perception 26, no. 1_suppl (1997): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/v970208.

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Perceived eye position and/or the perceived location of visual targets are altered when the orientation of the surrounding visual environment (Cohen et al, 1995 Perception & Psychophysics571 433) or that of the observer (Cohen and Guzy, 1995 Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine66 505) is changed. Fourteen subjects used biteboards as they lay on a rotary bed that was oriented head-down −15°, −7.5°, supine, head-up +7.5°, and +15°. In the dark, subjects directed their gaze and set a target to the apparent zenith (exocentric location); they also gazed at a subjective ‘straight ahead’ p

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Naimov, U. R. "Algorithm for Correcting Target Coordinates in the Information-Measuring System of a Radar Station Based on Information about Spatial Orientation." Journal of the Russian Universities. Radioelectronics 23, no. 2 (2020): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.32603/1993-8985-2020-23-2-55-62.

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Introduction. The concepts of constructing promising radar systems (radars) show that these will be integral type complexes. The creation of such systems implies the presence in their composition of an information system consisting of channels that produce a functionally completed procedure for processing signals and information to solve a definite task.Aim. Development of a target coordinate correction algorithm based on spatial orientation information.Materials and methods. The tasks were solved by methods of mathematical analysis and numerical modeling. To justify reliability and performanc

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31

Alberts, Bart B. G. T., Luc P. J. Selen, Giovanni Bertolini, Dominik Straumann, W. Pieter Medendorp, and Alexander A. Tarnutzer. "Dissociating vestibular and somatosensory contributions to spatial orientation." Journal of Neurophysiology 116, no. 1 (2016): 30–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00056.2016.

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Inferring object orientation in the surroundings heavily depends on our internal sense of direction of gravity. Previous research showed that this sense is based on the integration of multiple information sources, including visual, vestibular (otolithic), and somatosensory signals. The individual noise characteristics and contributions of these sensors can be studied using spatial orientation tasks, such as the subjective visual vertical (SVV) task. A recent study reported that patients with complete bilateral vestibular loss perform similar as healthy controls on these tasks, from which it wa

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Singh, Pankaj, Pooran Negi, Fernanda Laezza, Manos Papadakis, and Demetrio Labate. "Multiscale Analysis of Neurite Orientation and Spatial Organization in Neuronal Images." Neuroinformatics 14, no. 4 (2016): 465–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12021-016-9306-9.

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LINDNER, NETANEL H., PETRA F. SCUDO, and DAGMAR BRUß. "QUANTUM ESTIMATION OF RELATIVE INFORMATION." International Journal of Quantum Information 04, no. 01 (2006): 131–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749906001657.

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We derive optimal schemes for preparation and estimation of relational degrees of freedom between two quantum systems. We specifically analyze the case of rotation parameters representing relative angles between elements of the SU(2) symmetry group. Our estimation procedure does not assume prior knowledge of the absolute spatial orientation of the systems and as such does not require information on the underlying classical reference frame in which the states are prepared.

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Sherry, D., and S. Duff. "Behavioural and neural bases of orientation in food-storing birds." Journal of Experimental Biology 199, no. 1 (1996): 165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.199.1.165.

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Food-storing birds retrieve hoarded food by remembering the locations of large numbers of spatially dispersed caches. The basic patterns of spatial orientation in these animals have been established in research on two major groups of food-storing birds, chickadees and tits (Paridae), and jays and nutcrackers (Corvidae). Experiments using displacement of landmark arrays show that food-storing birds rely on visual information from nearby landmarks to locate concealed caches. The appearance of the cache sites themselves seems to be relatively unimportant in cache retrieval, perhaps because local

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Werner, Steffen, and Melanie Jaeger. "Intrinsic Reference Systems in Map Displays." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 46, no. 17 (2002): 1628–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120204601721.

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Within the area of navigation displays, the distinction between track-up display and fixed-orientation displays ( north-up) has received a lot of attention. Theoretically, this distinction has been linked to different spatial frames of reference. Using alignment effects, recent studies on the role of different reference systems in human spatial memory have identified the important role of environmental and intrinsic reference systems for the cognitive organization of spatial information. In the first experiment of its kind, we tested the effects of alignment of an observer with the visible, lo

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Victor, Jonathan D., and Keith P. Purpura. "Spatial Phase and the Temporal Structure of the Response to Gratings in V1." Journal of Neurophysiology 80, no. 2 (1998): 554–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1998.80.2.554.

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Victor, Jonathan D. and Keith P. Purpura. Spatial phase and the temporal structure of the response to gratings in V1. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 554–571, 1998. We recorded single-unit activity of 25 units in the parafoveal representation of macaque V1 to transient appearance of sinusoidal gratings. Gratings were systematically varied in spatial phase and in one or two of the following: contrast, spatial frequency, and orientation. Individual responses were compared based on spike counts, and also according to metrics sensitive to spike timing. For each metric, the extent of stimulus-dependent cluste

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Pajdzik, L. A., and A. M. Glazer. "Three-dimensional birefringence imaging with a microscope tilting stage. II. Biaxial crystals." Journal of Applied Crystallography 39, no. 6 (2006): 856–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s002188980604009x.

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The technique enables precise three-dimensional birefringence information of optically biaxial materials to be obtained. Equations derived here describe a mathematical model of the tilting-stage system for such crystals in any general orientation. This leads to precise values of the three principal birefringences and the optical orientation. The method is also able to obtain information on preferred orientation in a biaxial polycrystalline material, providing comprehensive information on both optical orientation of crystallites and spatial resolution. In addition, an unknown crystalline materi

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Cai, Ying, Andrew D. Sheldon, Qing Yu, and Bradley R. Postle. "Overlapping and distinct contributions of stimulus location and of spatial context to nonspatial visual short-term memory." Journal of Neurophysiology 121, no. 4 (2019): 1222–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00062.2019.

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Stimulus location is not always informative during visual short-term memory (VSTM) for nonspatial features. Nevertheless, there is considerable evidence for the automatic encoding and retention of location information, regardless of its task relevance. To explore the functional and neural bases of the representation of spatial context in VSTM for nonspatial information, functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed while subjects performed delayed recall for the orientation of individual stimuli. Stimulus location varied across trials, and although this information was irrelevant for tas

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Gardner, Justin L., and Elisha P. Merriam. "Population Models, Not Analyses, of Human Neuroscience Measurements." Annual Review of Vision Science 7, no. 1 (2021): 225–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-vision-093019-111124.

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Selectivity for many basic properties of visual stimuli, such as orientation, is thought to be organized at the scale of cortical columns, making it difficult or impossible to measure directly with noninvasive human neuroscience measurement. However, computational analyses of neuroimaging data have shown that selectivity for orientation can be recovered by considering the pattern of response across a region of cortex. This suggests that computational analyses can reveal representation encoded at a finer spatial scale than is implied by the spatial resolution limits of measurement techniques. T

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Escrig, M. Teresa, and Francisco Toledo. "The Integration of Qualitative Orientation and Named Distances: Application to a Qualitative Navigation Simulator." International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 06, no. 04 (1997): 451–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218213097000244.

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Human beings reason about different aspects of space (such as relative orientation, cardinal directions, distance, size and shape of objects) quite easily. With the aim of simulating human behavior, several models for these spatial concepts have been developed in the recent years. Cognitive considerations have made these frameworks qualitative, because they seem to deal better with the imprecision that human perception provides. However, an operational model to reason with all these spatial aspects in an integrated way has not been developed, up to now. The first aim of our research work has b

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Cao, Caroline G. L., and Paul Milgram. "Direction and Location Are Not Sufficient for Navigating in Nonrigid Environments: An Empirical Study in Augmented Reality." Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 16, no. 6 (2007): 584–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/pres.16.6.584.

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Nonrigid environments, such as the human colon, present unique challenges in maintaining spatial orientation during navigation. This paper presents a design concept for presenting spatial information in an augmented reality (AR) display, together with results of an experiment conducted to evaluate the relative usefulness of three types of spatial information for supporting navigation and spatial orientation in a nonrigid environment. Sixteen untrained subjects performed a simulated colonoscopy procedure, using rigid and nonrigid colon models and six different AR displays comprising various com

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Arnold, Aiden E. G. F., Andrea B. Protzner, Signe Bray, Richard M. Levy, and Giuseppe Iaria. "Neural Network Configuration and Efficiency Underlies Individual Differences in Spatial Orientation Ability." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 26, no. 2 (2014): 380–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00491.

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Spatial orientation is a complex cognitive process requiring the integration of information processed in a distributed system of brain regions. Current models on the neural basis of spatial orientation are based primarily on the functional role of single brain regions, with limited understanding of how interaction among these brain regions relates to behavior. In this study, we investigated two sources of variability in the neural networks that support spatial orientation—network configuration and efficiency—and assessed whether variability in these topological properties relates to individual

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BURIGO, MICHELE, and HOLGER SCHULTHEIS. "The effects of direction and orientation of located objects on spatial language comprehension." Language and Cognition 10, no. 2 (2018): 298–328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2018.3.

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abstractSpatial descriptions such as “The spider isbehindthe bee” inform the listener about the location of the spider (the located object) in relation to an object whose location is known (i.e., the bee, also called the reference object). If the geometric properties of the reference object have been shown to affect how people use and understand spatial language (Carlson & Van Deman, 2008; Carlson-Radvansky & Irwin, 1994), the geometric features carried by the located object have been deemed irrelevant for spatial language (Landau, 1996; Talmy, 1983). This view on the (ir)relevance of

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Carbonell-Carrera, Carlos, Jose Luis Saorin, and Stephany Hess-Medler. "Spatial Orientation Skill for Landscape Architecture Education and Professional Practice." Land 9, no. 5 (2020): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land9050161.

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Professional landscape architecture organizations have requested training from educational institutions based on new skills and methodologies in the curriculum development of students. Landscape architects need to visualize and evaluate the spatial relationships between the different components of the landscape using two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) maps and geospatial information, for which spatial orientation skills are necessary. The data from six workshops conducted throughout the 2010–2020 period, in which 560 second-year engineering students participated using different str

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Lanca, Margaret, and David J. Bryant. "Effect of Orientation in Haptic Reproduction of Line Length." Perceptual and Motor Skills 80, no. 3_suppl (1995): 1291–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1995.80.3c.1291.

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We investigated the accuracy of haptic reproduction of line length and whether accuracy is influenced by line orientation. 13 blindfolded subjects felt along different line lengths at various orientations in the horizontal plane, then reproduced the line lengths in the same orientation as that felt. Efforts were made to equate learning and reproductive scanning movements. Reproductions of line lengths were a nonveridical power function of their true lengths, but the power function exponents did not differ across spatial orientations. It was concluded that people can encode line lengths across

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Gray, Emily R., Laurie L. Bloomfield, Anne Ferrey, Marcia L. Spetch, and Christopher B. Sturdy. "Spatial encoding in mountain chickadees: features overshadow geometry." Biology Letters 1, no. 3 (2005): 314–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2005.0347.

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Encoding the global geometric shape of an enclosed environment is a principal means of orientation in human and non-human animals. Animals spontaneously encode the geometry of an enclosure even when featural information is available. Although features can be used, they typically do not overshadow geometry. However, all previously tested organisms have been reared in human-made environments with salient geometrical cues. Here, we show that wild-caught mountain chickadees ( Poecile gambeli ) do not spontaneously encode the geometry of an enclosure when salient features are present near the goal.

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Geiser, Brian P., Thomas F. Kelly, David J. Larson, Jason Schneir, and Jay P. Roberts. "Spatial Distribution Maps for Atom Probe Tomography." Microscopy and Microanalysis 13, no. 6 (2007): 437–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927607070948.

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A real-space technique for finding structural information in atom probe tomographs, spatial distribution maps (SDM), is described. The mechanics of the technique are explained, and it is then applied to some test cases. Many applications of SDM in atom probe tomography are illustrated with examples including finding crystal lattices, correcting lattice strains in reconstructed images, quantifying trajectory aberrations, quantifying spatial resolution, quantifying chemical ordering, dark-field imaging, determining orientation relationships, extracting radial distribution functions, and measurin

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Sztwiertnia, K., and F. Haessner. "Orientation Characteristics of the Microstructure of Highly Rolled Pure Copper and Phosphorus-Copper." Textures and Microstructures 20, no. 1-4 (1993): 87–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/tsm.20.87.

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Orientational aspects of the mutual arrangement of crystallites in a microstructure can be described by certain distribution functions of orientation or orientation differences. Among these functions the "principle" distributions are completely determined by the texture, whereas the "partial" distributions can be used to describe correlations between orientations. The most interesting partial distribution, the misorientation distribution function (MODF), concerns nearest neighbourhood relations. The basic source of information about all of these descriptions is the spatial arrangement of orien

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Braithwaite, V. A., and J. R. Girvan. "Use of water flow direction to provide spatial information in a small-scale orientation task." Journal of Fish Biology 63 (December 2003): 74–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2003.00218.x.

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Thiel, Brad L., and Christopher Viney. "Temperature effects on orientation-dependent Exelfs." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 49 (August 1991): 714–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100087884.

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Recently, investigations have begun to explore the effects of Mean-Square-Relative-Displacements (MSRD), or thermal damping, on the EXELFS oscillations above electron absorption edges. These types of analysis can be extended to include orientation effects in anisotropic crystal systems. Furthermore, as this technique is a direct probe of the electronic structure of a crystal, this information could be combined with the crystal symmetry and Cauchy relations to examine various physical properties. One such property is the elastic compliance quadric.With the development of the parallel detection

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