Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Spasma'
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Boutry, Kryza Nadia. "Étude moléculaire du syndrome des spasmes infantiles et des épilepsies familiales benignes." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10293.
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Lux, Andrew Laurence. "The epidemiology and treatment of infantile spasms." Thesis, University of Bath, 2006. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.425343.
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This thesis examines several aspects of the debate on the choice of best firstline treatment for infantile spasms. The first part of the thesis describes, analyses and interprets outcomes from the United Kingdom Infantile Spasms Study (UKISS), a multicentre randomised controlled trial that compares treatment with prednisolone or tetracosactide (hormonal treatments) against vigabatrin. This study was coordinated from the Bath Unit for Research in Paediatrics at the Royal United Hospital, Bath, and showed that the early primary clinical response, cessation of spasms, was significantly more likely in infants who were allocated hormonal treatments. However, the overall proportions with relapse-free response at the end of the study period, when the child reached the age of 12 to 14 months, were similar in all three treatment groups. In a group of infants of a priori interest who had no identified underlying aetiology, neurodevelopmental outcomes were significantly better in children who had been allocated hormonal treatments, although this finding was not robust within a sensitivity analysis. The second part of the thesis examines problems with case definitions and outcome measures in epidemiological and interventional studies of infantile spasms, and describes the development of West Delphi, a consensus elicitation process that has produced published proposals for standardised case definitions and outcome measures for such studies. Its most novel proposals were: (1) that the primary clinical outcome cessation of spasms should be defined by the absence of observed spasms for at least 28 days from the time of the last observed spasms, with the last spasms being observed within 14 days of treatment allocation; and (2) that there should be a standardised primary electroclinical response that studies should also report as a primary outcome.
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Norton, Jonathan Andrew. "FES-standing and muscle spasms : neurophysiology and biomechanics." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2003. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1383223/.
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Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) can be used to assist patients with complete paraplegia arising from a traumatic spinal cord injury to stand. In clinical practice the take-up of this technology is poor. It was hypothesised that one potential reason was that the posture during standing was difficult to predict from non-standing biomechanical measures because of the spinal cord's motor responses to standing. In six patients biomecharrical and electrophysiological recordings were made to test whether motor activity arising as a result of standing affected their standing posture. Recordings were made using surface EMG electrodes, force plates and instrumented handles a motion analysis system. No motor activity that affected the posture of the patients was recorded during standing or when the patients changed their hip or ankle angles. The act of standing with FES assistance affected spasms in two of the six patients. In one patient his spasms became regularised to a 16s pattern when standing with FES but when standing without FES and in the second patient his spasms were stopped for periods of up to 7 hours. This prolonged cessation only occurred when standing with FES. Mechanically supported standing produced a short (5 minute) cessation in the activity. The neural activity during the sit-to-stand or steady state standing did not change with increasing experience of standing in one naive subject studied over 6 weeks. The patient used the same strategy for the sit-to-stand as other patients. He improved his performance of this strategy by shortening the phases and the intervals between the phases as well as reducing the safety margin for knee buckling. The spinal cord when removed from descending inputs is capable of generating rhythmical motor outputs in response to changes in sensory inputs. FES may interact with some of this oscillatory activity.
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Werner, Klaus-Georg Erich. "Auditory processing in the syndrome of infantile spasms." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2007. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445952/.
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The early onset epileptic encephalopathy of infantile spasms is frequently associated with acute cognitive regression, long-term learning disability and autistic spectrum disorder. Although there may be a structural basis to the epilepsy, it appears that seizure activity is directly implicated in the process associated with the above disabilities. There are strong indications of the crucial role of temporal lobe dysfunction in children within this and related epileptic regressions including the site of lesions in tuberous sclerosis and the EEG localisation in a later onset epileptic encephalopathy, the Landau-Kleffner-syndrome. Thus the hypothesis for this study was that the temporal lobe is functionally abnormal in children with infantile spasms. This was tested by recording event related potentials, the electrical indicators of the brain's perception and processing of auditory stimuli. The aims of the current study were to describe the normal developmental changes of mismatch-negativity (MMN) and novelty P3 in the first year of life and to identify whether these ERPs are abnormal in children with infantile spasms. The developmental status of infants with infantile spasms was assessed at presentation. The MMN was only shown in a group mean average in control infants. All obligatory and the endogenous P250, P500, Ncl and Nc2 ERP components of the control infants showed age dependent latencies and differed in latency between wakefulness and stage 2 sleep. Using nonparametric calculations infants with infantile spasms had prolonged latencies of the obligatory and endogenous components during both wakefulness and sleep compared to controls. The results of this study support the hypothesis that the auditory processing is interrupted in infants with infantile spasms. As the auditory cortex is very immature during the first year of life it is therefore suggested that infantile spasms may interfere with crucial maturational processes during the first year of life.
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Davies, Dawn. "Mothers of Sparta." FIU Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1929.
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Mothers of Sparta is a collection of thirteen personal essays that examine place—knowing one’s place, and finding one’s place in the world. The narrative arc chronicles the narrator’s childhood, young adulthood, marriage and child rearing years, ultimately encompassing the difficulties of raising a child who, due to brain damage, faces an uncertain future.
As the narrator grows older, place shifts from a concrete knowledge of the physical world around her, to learning her place within gendered and regional social constructs, and defining her place through roles such as wife, mother, student and writer.
These essays are diverse in style. Woven throughout is a theme of violence, weighted with visceral language: the violence of accident and death, the violence that occurs in nature and in domestic spaces, and the violence that often goes unnoticed because we live in a violent world.
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Tlusťák, Karel. "Problematika SEO spamu a metody jeho detekce." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-412826.
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This paper is concerned in the full-text searching problematic and possibilities of influencing search result pages by mean of Search Engine Optimalization spam. Principles of search engines and methods which are used for SEO spam are described here. This work also shows actual methods which are used to reduce this spam effect and were proposed to improve relevancy of search results. Part of this paper is design of new method against SEO spam, its implementation and testing performance of this method upon created testing data.
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Leblanc, Béatrice. "Etude du débit sanguin cérébral par la méthode du SPECT (Single photon emission Computed Tomography) dans les spasmes infantiles." Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR2M116.
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Jaroš, Ján. "Detekce nevyžádaných zpráv v mobilní komunikaci a na sociálních sítích." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-236082.
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This thesis deals with spam in mobile and social networks. It focuses on spam in SMS messages and web service Twitter. Theoretical part provides brief overview of those two media, informations about what spam is, how to defend against it and where does it comes from. There is also a list of methods for spam detection, many of them have their roots in filtration of email communication. The rest of thesis is about design, implementation of application for spam detection in SMS and Twitter messages and evaluation of its performance.
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CIPOLLONE, VALENTINA. "La politica navale della Spagna della Spagna nel fronte mediterraneo (1635-1678)." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/266360.
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During the XVI Century the warlike vocation of the reign of Castiglia, shaped during the centuries of the Reconquista, and the wars conducted by the Absburgs towards many frontlines, gave a great contribution for the creation of a strong burocratic structure which gave the opportunity made possible to Spain to give itself a modern country
dimension. Particularly, a great impulse for the empowerment of the administrative structure came from the development and the complex management of the military fleet, committed in the Mediterranean area in many naval activities against Turks. In the first half of the XVII century Spain was forced to display all its immense
military potential during the long conflict that interested the countries of half Europe between 1618 and 1648: the Thirty Years War. To sustain the expensive politics of intervention, all the reigns of the Crown were called to give their contribution. Among them, also Sardinia, in spite of her poverty and marginality, joined with conviction the politic project of the Unión de Armas.
The opening of the new front against France, in 1635, risked to bring the monarchy into collapse: insurrections and revolts exploded in Portugal, Catalogna and in the
Reigns of Naples and Sicily; in the Atlantic sea the Armada del Mar Océano had terrible defeats by nordish fleets; while in the mainland the tercios lost their primacy of
unbeatability. Only the Mediterranean fleets of galleys, even if strongly reduced, compared to the previous century, and technologically overtaken by the sail ships, even
if did not succeed in dominating could at least contrast the enemy and preserve in some kind the precious vital space of a power already in decline.
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Gindrey, Catherine. "Les spasmes du sanglot." Caen, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990CAEN3037.
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Antonsson, Mikael. "Sparsam körning var kul." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-34496.
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Vägtransportsektorn står för en betydande del av de totala utsläppen av miljöfarliga ämnen. Av koldioxidutsläppen är andelen cirka 30 procent. Fordonstillverkningen utvecklas för varje år med förbättrade motorer som släpper ut mindre andel avgaser. Men antalet transporter på vägarna ökar. Det finns därför ett behov av att utbilda chaufförer till att köra mer miljövänligt, inte låta motorerna gå på tomgång mm. I dag ställs krav på chaufförerna av buss och lastbil att de ska ha ett yrkeskompetensbevis (YKB) för att kunna fortsätta inom sitt yrke. Detta är ett steg i rätt riktning för en bättre miljö på vägarna. Bra utbildade chaufförer innebär dessutom lägre bränsle- och däckkostnader för åkeriet. Men förutom en direkt styrning från myndigheterna behöver chaufförerna även se ett ökat pengaflöde i börsen för att en förändring ska kunna ske. De bör få ta del av besparingarna för åkeriet. Jag är intresserad av vad åkare och chaufförer anser om denna extra yrkesförarutbildning.Speciellt intressant är det delmål som handlar om sparsam körning. Genom intervjuer med ägare till tunga fordon vill jag få fram en bild av vad branschen anser.Av resultatet framgår att YKB är accepterad. Ingen av de intervjuade önskade att utbildningen skulle försvinna som krav för yrkeschaufförer. Fem av sex håller speciellt fram avsnittet om sparsam körning som mycket bra. Eftersom YKB-utbildningen är ny krävs det fortlöpande undersökningar för att se om chaufförerna och åkeriägarna fortsätter att ha ett positivt synsätt.
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Korsakaitė, Joginta. "Spalva, poveikis bei reikšmė ugdyme." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20080924_174600-39322.
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Šiame darbe nagrinėjama spalvų įvairovė, spalvų poveikis vaikams, jų požiūris į spalvas.
Pirmame magistrinio darbo skyriuje nagrinėjama spalva, jos raidos elementai: spalvos istorija, spalvų teorijos, savybės, reikšmė, kaip kiekviena spalva veikia vaiką, kaip vaikai suvokia ir mato spalvas.
Antrame magistrinio darbo skyriuje atskleidžiama spalvų reikšmė daugelyje sferų, nes spalvos egzistuoja visur – namuose, gamtoje, dailėje, reklamoje ar net medicinoje.
Trečiajame magistrinio darbo skyriuje apibendrinami magistrinio darbo tyrimo rezultatai, kurie parodė, kad dauguma apklaustųjų mokinių galvoja, jog spalvos turi įtakos mokymosi kokybei, todėl mokyklos turėtų stengtis pagyvinti atitinkamomis spalvomis mokymosi aplinką, kas skatintų mokinių aktyvumą, darbingumą, motyvaciją mokytis, gerintų mokinių nuotaiką.
Ši tema aktuali tuo, kad ji beveik nenagrinėta mokslinėje literatūroje, pasigendama sistemiškos, kompleksinės spalvų reikšmės vaikų ugdymui analizės. Spalvos nagrinėjamos bendrai apibūdinant jų poveikį žmogui, neatkreipiant ypatingesnio dėmesio į spalvų poveikį vaikams
Tyrimo objektas: vaikų požiūris į spalvas, jų reikšmė.
Šio darbo tikslas - atskleisti spalvų poveikį vaikų ugdyme.
Darbo tyrimo uždaviniai:
4. Apžvelgti spalvų istoriją, teorijas, atskleisti spalvų savybes ir jų reikšmę vaikų ugdymui.
5. Išanalizuoti pasirinktas tam tikras sritis, kur spalvos turi ypatingą reikšmę.
6. Apibendrinti... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]This master thesis investigates the variety of colours, the impact of colours for children and their attitude towards colours. Details of development of colours such a history of colours, theory of colours, features, and importance of colours for children, how each colour effects children, how children realize colour are examined in the first part of the master thesis. The effects of colours in different spheres are analyzed in second part of the master thesis, because colours exist everywhere – at home, in nature, in art, in advertisement or even in medicine. The results of research are summarized in the third part of master thesis, which showed, that majority of respondents declare that colours have the influence ion quality of the studies, so schools should secure the environment to be more colourful, which could induce the activity, working, motivation to study, improve the mood of students. The thesis is topical, because there is no systematic, complex analysis of the effect of colours for children and their education. The object of master thesis is children attitude to colours and its importance for children. The purpose of master thesis is to educe the effect of colours for children and their education. The tasks of master thesis are: 1. to review the history, theories of colours, reveal the features of colours and its effect for children education; 2. to analyze selected spheres, where the effect of... [to full text]
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Požela, Juras. "Partinė spauda Lietuvos politinėje komunikacijoje." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20110709_151350-85106.
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Magistro darbo objektas – partinė spauda Lietuvos politinėje komunikacijoje. Darbo tikslas – išsiaiškinti partinės spaudos tendencijas politinėje komunikacijoje, atsakyti į klausimą kodėl jos atsisakoma ir kokios atsiranda alternatyvos. Pagrindiniai darbo uždaviniai – politinės komunikacijos vystymosi tendencijas, politinės komunikacijos sąveiką, išnagrinėti politinio dalyvavimo savivaldoje ypatumus. Iškelto tikslo buvo siekiama analizuojant politinės komunikacijos teorinį istorinį kontekstą, vystymosi tendencijas, nagrinėjant politikos sampratą Lietuvoje ir partinę spaudą, jos kitimą. Pirmoje magistro darbo dalyje nagrinėjau politinės komunikacijos teorinę dalį, žiniasklaidos, kaip politinės komunikacijos tarpininko tarp valdžios ir visuomenės, vaidmenį. Antroje darbo dalyje nagrinėju politikos ir politinių partijų specifiką. Didelis dėmesys skiriamas XX amžiaus pradžios Lietuvos partinei žiniasklaidai. Trečioje darbo dalyje buvo atliktas tyrimas, kuriuo buvo siekiama išsiaiškinti partijų požiūris į partinę spaudą. Rašant darbą buvo naudoti tyrimo metodai: - teorinėje darbo dalyje naudotas literatūros analizės ir sintezės metodas; - praktinėje darbo dalyje naudotas ekspertų apklausos metodas. Darbas gali būti įdomus ir naudingas žiniasklaidos priemonėms, politinėms partijoms, taip pat studentams, besidomintiems politine komunikacija, partine spauda ir viešosios informavimo priemonių vaidmeniu.Nowadays information and communication technologies plays an increasingly role in all the fields of the life. This concerns changes in the systems of mass media and political communication as well. The main role in political communication belongs to the mass media so for this reason it is very important to analyse its impact and transformations. In my master thesis I am exploring political press in Lithuanian political communication. Usually political communication is analysed as application of political marketing and political advertising during political campaigns. Objective of the diploma thesis is political press in Lithuanian political communication. The aim of the work is to detect tendencies of evolution of the political communication and party press, its impact to political daily agenda, peciuliarity of political participation in the governance. I reached the aim of the work by analysing theoretical and historical context of the political communication and political press, tendencies of evolution, role of the mass media in formulating opinion for publics. In the first part of the thesis I analysed theory of the political communication, roles of the mass media as the mediator of communication between the government and society. The second part of the thesis is dedicated to specify the role of the political parties in the structure of governance, its specifics. As well as to answer how it influences every day life of the society. Big part of the second part of the... [to full text]
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Pettersson, Camilla. "Spanska sjukan– en förödande influensapandemi." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-93304.
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Bakgrund: Spanska sjukan var en influensapandemi som spreds 1918–1920. Den orsakadeomkring 25–50 miljoner människors död. Sedan spanska sjukan har det förekommitytterligare tre influensapandemier med betydligt lägre dödlighet. Spanska sjukans betydandeomfattning och dynamik är fortfarande inte helt klarlagd. Kunskap om tidigare pandemier kan öka förståelsen och beredskapen inför kommande pandemier. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att förstå spanska sjukan 1918–1920 och dess omfattning. Metod: En hermeneutisk metod användes i form av texttolkning. Totalt inkluderades 20 textervarav 18 artiklar från PubMed och två bokkapitel. Urvalet av litteratur skedde utifrån relevansoch med mål att få en så bred bild av forskningsområdet som möjligt. Resultat: Utifrån vald litteratur identifierades nio teman som viktiga i förståelsen av spanskasjukan. Dessa var: 1. pandemins ursprung och början, 2. smittspridningens dynamik,3. mortalitet, 4. symtom och dödsorsak, 5. riskfaktor – ålder, 6. riskfaktor – socioekonomi,7. riskfaktor – abnormt klimat, missväxt och svält, 8. patogenen bakom pandemin samt9. samhällets insatser. Influensavirusets genetiska variabilitet och människans interaktion meddjur identifierades som nyckelfaktorer för pandemiers uppkomst. Slutsats: Spanska sjukans förlopp berodde på ett komplext samspel av både medicinska ochicke-medicinska faktorer. Lärdomen av spanska sjukan är att i förebyggande arbete inför ochvid insatser under kommande pandemier bör både medicinska faktorer som immunologi samticke-medicinska faktorer som beteende och demografi beaktas.
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Jůzová, Michaela. "Marketingová komunikace AC Sparta Praha." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-5228.
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This work deals with marketing communication of famous football club AC Sparta Praha, playing the first football league in the Czech Republic. You can find 4 ways of communication: to fans, to media, to business partners and employees (players, management, ...). The biggest part of this work is dedicated to communication to fans. There are some results and proposals for more effective communication strategy at the end.
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Čermák, Jan. "Finanční analýza AC Sparta Praha." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-72261.
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This diploma work deals with problems of financial analysis which is an important and indispensable instrument for managing of modern company. For this company was chosen AC Sparta Praha fotbal, a.s. In theoretical part of this bachelor work, there are determined and described basic importace of financial analysis, users of financial analysis, information sources for financial analysis, needs and techniques and methods of financial analysis. It also consists of description of corporate environment, which is very specific in this case.Practical part takes use of these theoretical knowledge to realize financial analysis of AC Sparta Praha fotbal, a.s., whereas the main importace was put on processing of analysis of chosen ratio indicators, cost and revenue analysis and the SWOT analysis. Conclusion contains results evaluation from practical part and suggestions and recommendation for financial recovery.
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Mostini, Aureliano <1978>. ""Spagna contemporanea": indici 1992-2011." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/2974.
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Con questa tesi di laurea sono stati creati gli indici per autore, soggetto e titolo della rivista "Spagna contemporanea". Tutti i dati relativi agli articoli sono stati inserti in un database che dà la possibilità all'utente finale di effettuare una ricerca anche attraverso altri parametri e filtrare i risultati a seconda delle esigenze
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Gataullina, Svetlana. "Rôle de l’altération des récepteurs de NMDA dans l’épilepsie associée à la Sclérose Tubéreuse de Bourneville étudié sur un modèle animal et le tissu humain." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA05T009.
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La sclérose tubéreuse de Bourneville (STB) est une maladie génétique et multi-systémique à transmission autosomique dominante due à des mutations d’un gène TSC1 ou TSC2 qui codent respectivement pour hamartine et tuberine ayant une action inhibitrice sur la voie de signalisation mTOR. L’épilepsie précoce et pharmacorésistante est la manifestation neurologique la plus fréquente et la plus délétère de la STB. Elle débute souvent dans la première année de vie par des spasmes infantiles qui évoluent avec l’âge et en absence de traitement vers des crises toniques ou tonico-cloniques. Bien que les crises soient supposées être générées dans des tubers corticaux, les mécanismes de l’épilepsie ne sont pas bien élucidés et le traitement reste souvent inefficace. Des études morphologiques ont montré une altération de l’expression ARNm des récepteurs au glutamate dans les cellules géantes et les neurones dysplasiques des tubers, mais leur implication fonctionnelle restait à montrer. Les différentes sous-unités NMDA ont une expression âge-dépendante et région-spécifique, les plus grands changements survenant au début de la vie quand l’épilepsie de la STB apparaît. Ce travail avait pour but d’étudier à l’aide de méthodes électrophysiologiques in vitro et in vivo l’expression fonctionnelle des sous-unités NMDA aberrantes et de déterminer leur rôle dans l’épileptogènese chez les souris hétérozygotes Tsc1+/- et sur le tissu humain STB post-opératoire. Nous avons pu démontrer que : i) Les souris hétérozygotes pour le gène Tsc1 sont spontanément épileptiques in vivo et in vitro dans une courte fenêtre dévelopmentale de P9 à P18. ii) Elles présentent une altération d’expression des récepteurs NMDA couche-spécifique et mTOR dépendante avec une surexpression des sous-unités GluN2C/D dans la couche 4 et 2/3 et GluN2B dans les couches 2/3. Cette expression anormale est prévenue par l’administration d’un inhibiteur de la voie mTOR, la rapamycine. iii) Les mêmes altérations d’expression des récepteurs NMDA, sont montrées sur les tissus post-opératoires, non seulement de tubers de STB mais aussi des dysplasies corticales focales (DCF), ces deux malformations ayant des similarités étiologiques et physiopathologiques. iv) La RT-PCR quantitative confirme une expression excessive de GluN2C dans le cortex de souris Tsc1+/- et sur le tissu humain des tubers et DCF. v) Les décharges épileptiques chez la souris Tsc1+/- sont générées dans la couche granulaire 4 du cortex avant de se propager vers les couches superficielles et les couches profondes, empruntant ainsi les microcircuits corticaux. vi) L’expression excessive de la sous-unité GluN2C dans le cortex contribue à l’hyperexcitabilité neuronale chez la souris Tsc1+/- et sur des tissus humains de tubers et de DCF puisque les crises et les décharges sont bloquées par les antagonistes sélectifs de GluN2C/D. vii) Les crises chez la souris Tsc1+/- suivent une séquence âge-dépendante évoluant du type «spasms-like» vers «tonic-clonic like», rappelant celle de l’épilepsie humaine, avec deux pics de haute incidence de crises à P13 et P16 correspondant chez l’homme respectivement l’âge des spasmes infantiles et celui des crises toniques. L’évolution avec l’âge du délai de propagation inter-hémisphérique pourrait contribuer à ce changement de types de crises. Ces résultats montrent donc pour la première fois qu’une happloinsuffisance pour le gène Tsc1 chez les souris Tsc1+/- sans tubers suffit à produire une altération de l’expression des récepteurs NMDA de manière mTOR dépendante et contribuer ainsi à l’épileptogènese dans la STB. La souris Tsc1+/- est le premier modèle génétique sans anomalies morphologiques présentant une épilepsie spontanée qui évolue des spasmes vers des crises toniques et tonico-cloniques. Néanmoins cette épilepsie diffère de l’épilepsie humaine de la STB par l’absence de crises focales et de pharmacorésistance, ce qui pourrait être expliqué par l’absence de tubers chez la souris Tsc1+/-. (...)Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a genetic multisystemic disease with autosomal dominant transmission due to mutations in a gene TSC1 or TSC2 respectively which encode hamartin and tuberin proteins having an inhibitory action on the mTOR signaling pathway. Early refractory epilepsy is the most common and most deleterious neurological manifestation. The epilepsy often begins in the first year of life by infantile spasms that change in the lack of treatment to tonic or tonic-clonic seizures in age-dependent manner. Although seizures are thought to be generated in cortical tubers, epilepsy mechanisms are not well understood and treatment is often ineffective. Morphological studies showed the altered expression of glutamate receptor mRNA in the giant cells and dysplastic neurons of tubers, but their functional involvement remains unknown. The different NMDA subunits have an age-dependent and region-specific expression, the greatest changes occurring early in life when the TSC epilepsy appears. This work aimed to study the functional expression of aberrant NMDA subunits expression and their role in the epileptogenesis in heterozygous Tsc1+/- mice and post-surgical human tissue of TSC patients using in vitro and in vivo electrophysiological methods. The study reveal that: i) Heterozygous tuber-free Tsc1+/- mice show spontaneous epilepsy in vivo and in vitro in a short developmental window from P9 to P18. ii) These mice exhibit an altered NMDA receptor expression in mTOR dependent and layer-specific manner with GluN2C/D subunits overexpression in layers 4 and 2/3, and GluN2B ovexpression in layers 2/3. This abnormal NMDA receptors expression is prevented by the administration of an mTOR inhibitor, rapamycin. iii) The same alterations of NMDA receptors’ expression are shown in post-surgical tissues not only in tubers from TSC patients, but also in focal cortical dysplasia (FCD), these two malformations sharing etiological and pathophysiological similarities. iv) Quantitative RT-PCR confirms the excessive GluN2C subunit expression in Tsc1+/- mouse cortex and human tissue of tubers and DCF. v) Epileptic discharges in Tsc1+/- mice are generated in the granular layer 4 of the cortex before spreading to the superficial and then to deep layers, thus borrowing the cortical microcircuits. vi) Excessive expression of GluN2C subunit in the cortex contributes to neuronal hyperexcitability in Tsc1+/- mice, as well as in human tubers and DCF tissues, since epileptic discharges are blocked by selective GluN2C/D antagonists. vii) Seizures in Tsc1+/- mice follow the age-dependent sequence, evolving from "spasms-like" to "tonic-clonic like" thus reminding the human epilepsy, with two peaks of highest seizure incidence at P13 and P16 corresponding respectively to age of infantile spasms and of tonic seizures in human. The age-dependent evolution of interhemispheric propagation delay could contribute to this change in seizure type. These results show for the first time that TSC1 happloinsuffisancy in tuber-free Tsc1+/- mice is sufficient to produce an alteration in NMDA receptor expression in an mTOR dependent manner, and thus contributes to epileptogenesis in TSC. The Tsc1+/- mouse line is the first genetic model of TSC without morphological abnormalities presenting with early spontaneous seizures which evolves from “spasms-like” to “tonic-clonic like” seizures. However, the epilepsy in Tsc1+/- mice differs from human TSC epilepsy by the absence of focal seizures and of drug-resistance. Both could be explained by the lack of tubers in the Tsc1+/- mice. It remains to determine whether the expression of GluN2C subunit is also transitional in Tsc1+/- mice and whether other factors contribute to determine the age-dependent epilepsy. This study opens new therapeutic perspectives of TSC epilepsy targeting GluN2C subunit of NMDA receptors
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Bravo, Cladera Nadezhda. "Y, pero, así que y es que : un estudio de su uso en las interacciones del español de jóvenes bilingües y unilingües /." Uppsala : Dept. of Romance Languages, [Romanska institutionen], Univ, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4308.
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González, Toledo Gabriela. "Kurslitteraturutmaningar inom modersmålsundervisning i spanska : En granskning av kurslitteraturanvändning i modersmålsundervisning i spanska i Sverige." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för språkdidaktik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-137416.
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Syftet med det här arbetet var att undersöka användning av kurslitteratur i modersmålsundervisning i spanska i Sverige med utgångspunkt att svara på frågeställningen om det finns specifikt inriktad kurslitteratur för modersmålsundervisningen i spanska. Som en del i detta undersökte uppsatsen också vilka kriterier som ligger bakom valet av läromedel i modersmålsundervisningen samt hur de läromedel som idag används upplevs täcka kraven från läroplanen. Undersökningsmetoden som valts är en kombination av kvantitativ och kvalitativ analys baserat på enkätundersökningar till en utvald grupp modersmålslärare. Ett av undersökningens resultat visar att det finns en spridd användning av lärobokstitlar i modersmålsundervisningen och svaren pekar vidare på att modersmålslärarna inte känner till eller anser att det i dagsläget finns specifikt inriktade läroböcker för modersmålsundervisning i spanska. En majoritet av de tillfrågade lärarna anser att det borde finnas specifikt inriktade läroböcker i spanska. Även attityder till digitala läromedel i modersmålsundervisningen behandlades i undersökningen där många upplever att det finns digitala resurserna som är specifikt inriktade för modersmålsundervisning. Slutsatsen i detta arbete är att det finns en önskan hos modersmålslärarna att få tillgång till specifikt inriktade läroböcker i spanska då läroboken används en stor del under lektionstiden. Lärarna framställer också en önskan att koordinera och sträva efter mer gemensamma urval av läromedel med andra kollegor.
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Neuwirth, David. "Realizace spamového filtru na bázi umělého imunitního systému." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-236637.
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Unsolicited e-mails generally present a major problem within the e-mail communication nowadays. There exist several methods that can detect spam and distinguish it from the requested messages. The theoretical part of the masters thesis introduces the ways of detecting unsolicited messages by using artificial immune systems. It presents and subsequently analyses several methods of the artificial immune systems that can assist in the fight against spam. The practical part of the masters thesis deals with the implementation of a spam filter on the basis of the artificial immune systems. The project ends with comparison of effectiveness of the newly designed spam filter and the one which uses common methods for spam detection.
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Vránsky, Radovan. "Techniky umělé inteligence pro detekci spamů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-236164.
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This thesis deals with various methods used for spam detection and identification. In the introduction various methods are described. Then Bayes' theorem and methods for spam detection that use this theorem are described in detail. This section also discusses biological and artificial immune systems and methods for spam detection based on artificial immune systems. Next sections contain the description of custom spam detection system design and implementation. Finally the system is tested and the results are evaluated.
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Mörk, Annica. "Spanska läromedel ur ett genusperspektiv : En analys av hur kvinnor och män representeras i spanska läromedel." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för utbildning, kultur och kommunikation, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-19101.
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Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur kvinnor respektive män representeras i läromedel inom ämnet spanska för nybörjare. Genom en innehållsanalys och en textanalys som metod har en läromedelsanalys genomförts för att undersöka med vilken frekvens de olika könen framställs i de utvalda läromedlen och under vilka ämnen kvinnor och män representeras. Resultatet visade en relativt jämn könsfördelning i de utvalda läromedlen men med ett varierande resultat i fråga om vilka attribut som tillskrivs de båda könen då det förekommer stereotyper men även några normbrytande exempel. Som slutsats kan man se en kvantativ jämställdhet i de utvalda läromedlen, men en ojämn kvalitativ jämställdhet då man framställer stereotyper, men även några exempel på god genusmedvetenhet. Vid en jämförelse med de tre analyserade läromedlen kan man se att Alegría visade flest exempel på genusmedvetenhet, medan Caminando uppvisade flest stereotyper.
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Mattsson, Niklas, and Jonas Brorsson. "Kommer företagen att sparka ut revisorn?" Thesis, Umeå University, Umeå School of Business, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1774.
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Sverige har sedan 1983 haft lagstadgad revisionsplikt för alla aktiebolag. Med anledning av regeringens mål att reducera de administrativa kostnaderna för de svenska företagen tillsattes en utredning om hur revisionsplikten ska avskaffas för de svenska aktiebolagen. Enligt regeringens förslag som presenterades i mars 2008 föreslås en avskaffad revisionsplikt för 96 % av de svenska aktiebolagen.
Avskaffad revisionsplikt innebär en förändring som berör hela näringslivet. Konsekvenserna av avskaffandet är framförallt av intresse för revisionsbranschen och samhället.
Efterfrågan av revision förklaras huvudsakligen genom agentteorin om att det sker en separation mellan ägande och företagsledning. Tidigare studier visar även att faktorer som exempelvis krav från kreditgivare, val av revisionsbyrå och förbättrad kvalité på redovisningen påverkar valet av revision.
Vi har utifrån ett deduktivt angreppssätt genomfört en enkätstudie bland företag i Umeå med 1-49 anställda. Tack vare ekonomiskt stöd från en revisionsbyrå postades enkäten ut till 300 företag fördelade på tre olika urvalskategorier (1-3, 4-9 och 10-49 anställda) och vi erhöll svar från 118 st företag. Syftet med studien vara att få en uppfattning om företagens val av revisions utifrån antagandet om att revisionsplikten är avskaffad samt att förklara de faktorer som har betydelse för företagens val av revision.
Resultaten av studien visar att 54,2 % av företagen i Umeå kommer att fortsätta med revision förutsatt att plikten är avskaffad. Fördelat på de tre olika urvalskategorierna ökar benägenheten att välja revision med storleken. Av företag med 1-3 anställda kommer 45,2 % välja revision, av företag med 4-9 anställda kommer 62,9 % välja revision och av företag med 10-49 kommer 87,8 % att välja revision.
De faktorer som förklarar Umeå-företagens val är företagets storlek, skuldsättningsgrad och upplevd förbättrad internkontroll som alla visat positiva signifikanta samband med valet av revision. Även uppfattad kvalité på redovisning och ökad tillförlitlighet gentemot intressenterna är faktorer som är viktiga i valet av revision.
Vi anser att generaliserbarheten från studien är god eftersom vi erhållit en representativ fördelning av svar från alla kategorier samt att vi viktat svaren efter hur hela populationen ser ut. Detta för att få ett rättvisande resultat på i vilken utsträckning företagen kommer fortsätta med revision.
Resultaten skall dock sättas i perspektivet av att de bygger på att hypotetiskt val och inte företagens faktiska val. Detta innebär vissa implikationer och det är rimligt att anta att det faktiska utfallet kan förändras eftersom vissa faktorer aktualiseras först när plikten är avskaffad, exempelvis krav från kreditgivare för att erhålla lån.
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Billing, Mischa. "Spanska bubblor med smak av sommar." Örebro universitet, Restaurang- och hotellhögskolan, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-29873.
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Näsström, Susanne. "Skildras mångfald i läroböcker i spanska?" Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-32051.
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Syftet med denna uppsats har varit att ta reda på hur och om olika typer av religion, etnicitet, funktionsnedsättning och sexualitet framställs och förekommer i tre läroböcker i spanska för högstadiet samt undersöka könsfördelningen. Detta för att ta reda på hur läroböckerna kunde kopplas till den del av läroplanen som handlar om att skapa förståelse för andra människor och att ingen ska diskrimineras på grund av ovanstående grunder. Uppsatsen utgick från ett intersektionellt perspektiv och metoden var både kvalitativ och kvantitativ. Resultaten visade att funktionsnedsättning, religion, etniska minoriteter och personer som inte är heterosexuella är ovanliga i dessa läroböcker. Det visade sig också att män till viss del är överrepresenterade, främst vad gäller kända personer. De flesta texterna utspelas i Spanien, följt av Mexiko, Chile och Peru. Slutsatsen av undersökningen är att det värdegrundsrelaterade uppdraget som handlar om att få förståelse för andra människor och förhindra diskriminering inte i tillräcklig grad förmedlas i dessa läromedel.
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Buravlev, Vitaly. "Improving the efficiency of tuple spases." Thesis, IMT Alti Studi Lucca, 2018. http://e-theses.imtlucca.it/257/1/Buravlev_phdthesis.pdf.
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Linda provides high-level linguistic abstractions for concurrent
programming with operations for synchronization and
exchange of values between different programs that share
information by accessing common repositories named tuple
spaces. Despite their expressive power and their simplicity,
there are several challenges in implementing tuple space systems,
which prevent the Linda model to be widespread.
The goal of this work is to provide an efficient implementation
of the Linda coordination model. As a starting point, we
take KLAIM and its Java implementation and we improve on
it after evaluating the performances of selected implementations
of tuple spaces and discussing their different implementation
choices concerned with data structures and querying
techniques. Our KLAIM implementation is also extended with
abstractions for data replication based on automatic data placement
strategies.
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Boscolo, Rizzo Diletta <1991>. "La tassazione delle holding in Spagna." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/8519.
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Oggigiorno la libertà del mercato, dovuta alla globalizzazione dei mercati ha cambiato molti aspetti della nostra società. Il mondo imprenditoriale, soprattutto, ha cominciato ad oltrepassare i confini nazionali ed a relazionarsi con l’esterno.
Il diritto tributario è una scienza giuridica che, proprio per la sua funzione sociale, è molto influenzata dal contesto sociale. La sua funzione legata alla finanza pubblica è ispirata, tuttavia, ad un principio di ripartizione del carico fiscale secondo solidarietà fiscale ed equità distributiva. In quest’ottica, la concorrenza fiscale internazionale si pone come strumento per attirare gli investimenti esteri ed, di conseguenza, arricchire i Paesi. La forte internazionalizzazione ha spinto, inoltre, le società ad adattare la loro struttura, esplorando nuovi mercati esteri. Una delle configurazioni adottate da tali società sono i gruppi di società, cui parte è la holding. Tali entità si caratterizzano per la detenzione di partecipazioni ed hanno un’enorme importanza economica e fiscale.
La Spagna, al fine di aumentare la sua attrattività in ambito internazionale, ha introdotto nel suo ordinamento uno specifico regime per le holding. Obiettivo del mio elaborato è l’analisi di tale disciplina, caratterizzata dall’esenzione dei dividendi incassati e pagati e dei capital gains realizzati sulle partecipazioni.
Dopo un primo capitolo introduttivo concernente il fenomeno delle holding e dei gruppi di società da un punto di vista configurativo e strategico-economico, la seconda parte del mio lavoro si focalizza sull’analisi della disciplina fiscale spagnola. Nello specifico, viene esaminato il trattamento fiscale delle holding, sia come singole entità, sia come entità parti di un gruppo consolidato, con particolare attenzione al transfer pricing.
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Lucchese, Marco <1995>. "Marocco e Spagna : punti di conflitto." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/15526.
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Wachtmeister, Bermúdez Fernando. "Evidencialidad : la codificación lingüistica del punto de vista = [Evidentiality : the linguistic coding of point-of-view] /." Stockholm : Institutionen för spanska, portugisiska och latinamerikastudier, Stockholms universitet, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-806.
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Bernal, Linnersand María. "Categorización sociopragmática de la cortesía y de la descortesía : un estudio de la conversación coloquial española /." Stockholm : Department of Spanish, Portuguese and Latin American Studies, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-6758.
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Nasser, Latif Shiraz. "Spasms of the Soul: The Tanganyika Laughter Epidemic in the Age of Independence." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11693.
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1962. Tanganyika, East Africa. In a rural boarding school on the shore of Lake Victoria, dozens of adolescent girls began to laugh and cry uncontrollably. After trying to stem these mysterious breakouts for a month and a half, school officials gave up and sent everyone home. As the girls fanned out to their homes across the region, their behaviors spread too. Over 1000 people were affected. Families and governments enlisted all kinds of experts to give them a clue about what was going on. Eventually, an official diagnosis: mass hysteria. About two years after it began, the epidemic petered out. Nobody died. Everybody recovered.History of Science
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Adlam, Timothy. "The design of compliant seating for children with severe whole body extensor spasms." Thesis, University of Bath, 2012. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.582535.
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Children with cerebral palsy and powerful whole body extensor spasms find sitting in a rigid seat uncomfortable and sometimes painful due to the large forces they apply to their constraints. They are usually unable to speak and communication is difficult. The spasms affect every aspect of their lives. This thesis describes the genesis of a new functional dynamic seat for children with severe whole body extensor spasms, and the novel method used to design it. This novel seat technology is known as ‘Whole Body Dynamic Seating’. The thesis describes the clinical need this seat addresses, and the design and technology context in which this research takes place. The user evaluation, observation, measurement, analysis and reasoning that led to a successful seat design are described in detail. Children with cerebral palsy sometimes have whole body spasms that mean they cannot be seated in conventional static seating that positions a child in a fixed posture. For this research the children were classified as functioning at Chailey Sitting Ability Level 1 and Gross Motor Functional Classification System Level V. Such children spend much of their time being held by a person, or lying on a mat, bed or pad. This results in difficulty with social engagement and physical functioning, particularly in school. This research created a seat that such children could sit in, providing a comfortable and functional seat for use in a home or school classroom environment. This seat was designed with the direct and essential involvement of disabled children, their parents, therapists, teachers and carers. The work is part of a larger programme of research into seating and support technology that will enhance a child’s ability to gain functional movement and communication skills that can be employed to enable the child’s free self expression and social participation. The research investigated means of supporting children with whole body extensor spasms through a progressive iterative method utilizing direct user evaluation of a series of prototypes incrementing in complexity and fidelity towards a fully functional physical seat. An iterative method was used to design, build and evaluate three dynamic seats. This method incorporated two new approaches to prototyping developed for the research programme in response to difficulties encountered in designing dynamic systems for children with highly complex neuromotor disability. Soft and Semi-soft prototyping and evaluation methods provided essential feedback on dynamic seating concepts that guided proposed solutions, without requiring costly and time-consuming manufacture. Video was used to create a record of the children’s movements and responses for subsequent analysis. Instrumentation was built into the seats to enable direct objective measurement of the reaction forces and seat movement caused by extensor spasms. This thesis presents several unique features created through this research programme: 1. Independent and virtually hinged anatomical dynamic thigh supports; 2. Independent anatomical dynamic foot supports; 3. A virtually hinged dynamic back support; 4. An anatomical dynamic head support concept. The final Whole Body Dynamic Seat was child-centred in its functionality and aesthetic design, and was favourably commented upon by parents, children and school staff. Use of the new dynamic seating by three children (including one from a previous work programme) showed that children with severe whole body extensor spasms can be seated comfortably. The children also demonstrated gains in physical and social function as a result of using the dynamic seats. The two fully independent dynamic seats made advances in comfort over static seating for children with whole body extensor spasms. One of the children especially liked the seat and resisted being put back into his usual seating. An adult with severe cerebral palsy and extensor spasms evaluated a dynamic foot support concept and reported very significant reductions in spasticity and pain, and gains in physical function. The Whole Body Dynamic Seats showed gains in postural symmetry and in hand and head function over the usual static seats when used by the children with spasms. These gains were reported by staff during long term evaluations and measured specifically during the final evaluation. Two children learned to control the movement of seats in which they were sat, and were able to control their posture and use that control to carry out functions such as switch pressing. Such learning through the use of dynamic seating by children with severe dystonic cerebral palsy and whole body extensor spasms has not previously been documented. The seats did not just affect the children - school staff were affected too. School staff working around the children in the dynamic seats were observed to be more inclusive towards the children, and to expect more interaction from them. The ability of the children to move altered staff expectations of their ability to participate and communicate. This new seating has improved the quality of life of the children that use it. Future implementation of this technology in commercially produced seating offers the possibility of similar gains to many more severely disabled children who are currently less comfortable and less functional than they need to be.
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Biljana, Turanjanin. "Intertekstualno raslojavanje romana “Opsada crkve Sv. Spasa (kontekst “Biblije” i srednjovjekovne književnosti)." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Filozofski fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2014. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=90062&source=NDLTD&language=en.
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У нашој дисертацији Интертекстуално раслојавање романа „Опсада цркве Св. Спаса“ (контекст „Библије“ и средњовјековне књижевности у настави) указујемо на функционисање интертекстуалне методологије у настави на примјеру српског постмодернистичког романа с краја двадесетог вијека.На почетку рада, у поглављу Преглед интертекстуалних теорија, дајемо кратак преглед најзначајнијих теорија интертекстуалности и потом указујемо како смо их, зависно од Петровићеве поетике, користили приликом анализе романа Опсада цркве Св. Спаса.Поглавље Опсада и „Библија“ осмишљено је преко типологије Нортропа Фраја и стога се дијели на седам потпоглавља: стварање, излазак, закон, мудрост, пророчанство, јеванђеље, апокалипса, унутар којих се указује на низ цитата, алузија, реминисценција и мотива потеклих из библијског текста, па стога и на формирање постмодернистичких антитипова наведених библијских књига у роману.Опсада и средњовјековна књижевност најсложеније је и најразуђеније поглавље у дисертацији. У првом потпоглављу указујемо како је философија Дионисија Псеудо-Ареопагита дубински уграђена у савремени текст те се препознаје како на семантичком, тако и на стилском нивоу – отуд и наше компаративно истраживање стила плетенија словес средњовјековне књижевности према стилу Петровићевог романа. Посебну пажњу посветили смо композицији књиге и, самјеривши је са средњовјековним предлошцима, указали на постмодернистички „живот“ житија, слова, повијести, хронике, плача, записа. У посљедњем дијелу проучавамо ликове Данила Другог, Драгутина и Милутина и то највише преко Даниловог зборника који је писац обилно имао за подтекст свом роману. Лик Данила Другог уобличава се поетичким поступком метанарације, Драгутин преко житија из Даниловог зборника, док је Милутинов лик остварен преко интермедијалних релација постмодернистичког романа са средњовјековним фрескама.У посљедњем поглављу, Опсада и ХХ вијек, указујемо на који начин, преко библијског и средњовјековног подтекста, Опсада успоставља интертекстуалне везе са књижевношћу двадесетог вијека. Преко два неисторијска лика, Андрије Скадранина и Блашка, односно два типа – ђавола и јуродивог – успостављају се релације са романима На Дрини ћуприја Иве Андрића, Хазарски речник Милорада Павића и Страх и његов слуга Мирјане Новаковић, као и са збирком прича Божји људи Борисава Станковића и приповијетком Запис о даровима моје рођаке Марије Момчила Настасијевића.U našoj disertaciji Intertekstualno raslojavanje romana „Opsada crkve Sv. Spasa“ (kontekst „Biblije“ i srednjovjekovne književnosti u nastavi) ukazujemo na funkcionisanje intertekstualne metodologije u nastavi na primjeru srpskog postmodernističkog romana s kraja dvadesetog vijeka.Na početku rada, u poglavlju Pregled intertekstualnih teorija, dajemo kratak pregled najznačajnijih teorija intertekstualnosti i potom ukazujemo kako smo ih, zavisno od Petrovićeve poetike, koristili prilikom analize romana Opsada crkve Sv. Spasa.Poglavlje Opsada i „Biblija“ osmišljeno je preko tipologije Nortropa Fraja i stoga se dijeli na sedam potpoglavlja: stvaranje, izlazak, zakon, mudrost, proročanstvo, jevanđelje, apokalipsa, unutar kojih se ukazuje na niz citata, aluzija, reminiscencija i motiva poteklih iz biblijskog teksta, pa stoga i na formiranje postmodernističkih antitipova navedenih biblijskih knjiga u romanu.Opsada i srednjovjekovna književnost najsloženije je i najrazuđenije poglavlje u disertaciji. U prvom potpoglavlju ukazujemo kako je filosofija Dionisija Pseudo-Areopagita dubinski ugrađena u savremeni tekst te se prepoznaje kako na semantičkom, tako i na stilskom nivou – otud i naše komparativno istraživanje stila pletenija sloves srednjovjekovne književnosti prema stilu Petrovićevog romana. Posebnu pažnju posvetili smo kompoziciji knjige i, samjerivši je sa srednjovjekovnim predlošcima, ukazali na postmodernistički „život“ žitija, slova, povijesti, hronike, plača, zapisa. U posljednjem dijelu proučavamo likove Danila Drugog, Dragutina i Milutina i to najviše preko Danilovog zbornika koji je pisac obilno imao za podtekst svom romanu. Lik Danila Drugog uobličava se poetičkim postupkom metanaracije, Dragutin preko žitija iz Danilovog zbornika, dok je Milutinov lik ostvaren preko intermedijalnih relacija postmodernističkog romana sa srednjovjekovnim freskama.U posljednjem poglavlju, Opsada i HH vijek, ukazujemo na koji način, preko biblijskog i srednjovjekovnog podteksta, Opsada uspostavlja intertekstualne veze sa književnošću dvadesetog vijeka. Preko dva neistorijska lika, Andrije Skadranina i Blaška, odnosno dva tipa – đavola i jurodivog – uspostavljaju se relacije sa romanima Na Drini ćuprija Ive Andrića, Hazarski rečnik Milorada Pavića i Strah i njegov sluga Mirjane Novaković, kao i sa zbirkom priča Božji ljudi Borisava Stankovića i pripovijetkom Zapis o darovima moje rođake Marije Momčila Nastasijevića.
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Häusner, Eva-Maria. "Att spara eller inte spara? : En kvantitativ enkätstudie av informationslagringssystem för vetenskapliga artiklar." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för ABM, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-174967.
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Abstract Purpose This thesis aims to focus on how master students administer scholarly articles after they have found them. The purpose of the study is to detect how and to what extent people administer their articles from a personal information management-perspective (PIM). Method To answer the research questions, a web-based questionnaire survey was distributed which was announced to around 2,000 master students from different universities in Sweden. Most of the items in the survey focused on individual storage methods. The respondents were asked to rate the frequency of their different information administration behaviors on a seven level Likert-type-scale. Subsequently, items concerning specific information administration behaviors were posed, followed by questions on the respondent's sociodemographic status. The results were based on overall 316 answers. Analysis The quantitative data was analyzed using non-parametric tests such as Friedmans-test, Kruskal-Wallis-analysis, Wilcoxon-Signed Rank-test, Mann-Whitney-U-test and Chi-square-test with the statistical computer program SPSS. Findings The findings generally confirm that the majority of the surveyed graduate students are using scholarly articles. Regarding their information management, it is as usual to store the whole article as it is to store the reference. Further it is more common to choose electronic storage methods for articles and references than to use physical methods. The results highlight that most of the students use several method types and use them to varying extent. Neither age, computer skills, duration of study or satisfaction with their way of information storage influenced the quantity of used methods. Regarding specific handling, the storing of article copies on the computer’s hard drive were most frequently used. The respondents preferred furthermore to read the articles on a screen rather than printed paper versions. The influencing factors of gender, age, computer skills, subject discipline were affecting the choice of methods. General conclusions about these influencing factors are, however, complicated by possible occurring confounders. Moreover, the method types were used to different extents depending of subject discipline. Originality/value Most previous PIM research is concentrating on how people store information in general. The dealing and administrating with specific types of information are, however, rarely discussed. In the context of scholarly articles did research predominantly focus on seeking structures and reading patterns. The step between finding and reading an article has so far not directly been addressed in academic research. The study therefore is unique in addressing information storage systems of scholarly articles on such a large scale. Knowledge about storage patterns will help journal publishers and librarians to design more targeted solutions for journal systems and improve services like courses in information seeking. Paper type Two years master’s thesis
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Литвиненко, С. С., and О. Б. Масич. "Вивчення протисудомної дії похідного 2-оксоіндолін-3-гліоксилової кислоти." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/41536.
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Astolfi, Luca. "I campi di concentramento nella Spagna franchista." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/12748/.
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Il presente elaborato si concentra sul fenomeno dei campi di concentramento sorti in Spagna negli anni della guerra civile e della seconda guerra mondiale. Nel primo capitolo vengono brevemente delineati svolgimento e cause della guerra di Spagna, terminata con l’instaurazione della dittatura del caudillo. Nel secondo capitolo vengono descritte le caratteristiche del sistema concentrazionario franchista durante la guerra civile (con particolare attenzione ad alcuni dei campi più noti di quel periodo), nonché quelle della rieducazione politica di cui esso si riproponeva di rappresentare uno strumento. Nel terzo capitolo viene descritto il sistema concentrazionario franchista negli anni del secondo conflitto mondiale (dedicando spazio, ancora una volta, ai campi più rilevanti risalenti a quella fase). Nel quarto capitolo, infine, vengono analizzate alcune fonti letterarie relative ai campi di concentramento, prendendo in considerazione sia scritti autobiografici che opere di narrativa.
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Menfi, Giuseppe. "Revisione meccanica dell'articolazione di spalla PROMAS 6." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/15670/.
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In questo elaborato è descritta l’attività, svolta presso l’Area Ricerca e Formazione del Centro Protesi INAIL, di revisione meccanica dell’articolazione protesica di spalla PROMAS-6. Questo lavoro si inserisce all’interno di un progetto di ricerca più ampio, in collaborazione con il campus Bio-medico di Roma, per la realizzazione di una protesi di arto superiore per disarticolazione di spalla. Il progetto di tesi nasce dalla necessità di sostituire l’attuale gruppo di motoriduzione della spalla con una versione che presenti un sistema di irreversibilità, in modo da poter ridefinire il design della spalla medesima, alleggerendone il peso e ricavando lo spazio necessario per l’alloggiamento di una batteria e della scheda elettronica. Sono stati realizzati due prototipi del motoriduttore: uno contenente un NBDM (Non-Back-Drivible-System) ed una versione alternativa nella quale è stato utilizzato un riduttore cicloidale in sostituzione dello stadio di riduzione presente nella versione originale. Per la progettazione dei prototipi è stato utilizzato il software CAD Autodesk Inventor Professional, il quale consente di progettare, visualizzare e simulare una rappresentazione digitale del prodotto finale. I componenti dei motoriduttori sono stati realizzati con stampante 3D in modo da verificarne l’efficacia e poter confrontarne, preliminarmente, le prestazioni. Successivamente, sulla base dei disegni tecnici tradizionali sono stati fabbricati, presso un’officina meccanica specializzata, i componenti necessari per la realizzazione del prototipo contenente l’NBDM. Infine, la nuova versione del motoriduttore è stata comparata con quella esistente priva del freno servendosi di un banco prova per articolazioni protesiche attive sviluppato all’interno del Centro Protesi.
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Palumbo, Maria. "Il soggiorno di Gherardo Starnina in Spagna." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/398755.
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La misteriosa storia di Gherardo di Jacopo Starnina ha affascinato la critica per quasi un secolo, tale maestro che alla fine del Trecento viaggiò in Spagna lavorando a Toledo e Valenza per poi tornare a Firenze dove ottenne fama e successo e il merito di una biografia del Vasari, gode di una ampia serie di studi che presentano ancora dei punti oscuri soprattutto riguardo al suo soggiorno spagnolo. La molteplicità di opere attribuitegli dopo la sua riunificazione con l'altro misterioso pittore detto il Maestro del Bambino Vispo hanno in parte chiarito il mistero che ruotava attorno a questo artista, ma non completamente. Il fatto inoltre che si tratti di un artista a contatto con due mondi completamente diversi ne fa un ponte tra universi artistici poco comunicanti tra loro. Il proposito di tale studio è quello di chiarire soprattutto il periodo spagnolo del pittore, nonostante la scarsezza di opere attinenti a questo momento. Per permettere una tale analisi si è dovuto ripercorrere tutta la storia critica di Gherardo di Jacopo. Si è passati poi ad analizzare i pittori fiorentini più rappresentativi della seconda metà del Trecento che possano aver influito sull'artista per poter meglio comprendere la solida base toscana che sottende alla pittura di Starnina, che vi innesta il suo personale aggiornamento sullo stile espressionistico e alla moda del gotico internazionale appreso a Valenza, creando quel miscuglio inspiegabile e nuovo che è il fulcro del suo stile. Si è provato ad arrivare a qualche nuova conclusione circa la sua attività a Toledo e Valenza. Infine si è ricordata la sua magnifica attività fiorentina di ritorno dalla Spagna, analizzando soprattutto alcune opere meno considerate dalla critica che mostrano una serie di caratteristiche estranee al mondo fiorentino. Al termine di una lunga indagine si è coscienti che una parte delle domande sul pittore resteranno senza risposta per mancanza di dati, ma si spera che l'aggiunta di alcune nuove conclusioni riguardanti soprattutto la sua possibile attività spagnola servano da punto fermo per ulteriori ricerche su un argomento tanto complesso, ricco di induzioni e povero di dati. Al di là dei lati oscuri, la maestria e la finezza di tale maestro sarà fondamentale per lo sviluppo di Lorenzo Monaco e degli altri maestri della breve stagione tardo-gotica fiorentina, prima di essere surclassata dal Rinascimento, al contempo il lungo viaggio di Gherardo di Jacopo in terra iberica darà origine a due fiammate artistiche italianeggianti sia a Toledo che presso alcuni maestri valenzani come Miguel Alcañiz.
Questa è una storia di luci e ombre dove il dibattito critico ferverà a lungo, specialmente perché la mancanza di dati ha portato alla moltiplicazione delle ipotesi e tutt'ora lascia ampio margine alle intuizioni, ma nonostante le difficoltà di una tale ricerca, lo splendore delle opere del maestro e l'anomalia del suo percorso artistico lo rendono strategico per comprendere lo sviluppo sia di un
aspetto del gotico internazionale valenzano che la repentina internazionalizzazione della pittura gotica fiorentina nella sua tappa finale.My research intent is to shed light on the Spanish stay of Gherardo Stamina, a Florentine painter who settled in Valencia from 1395 to 1401, before returning to Florence after that date. His stay in the Iberian Peninsula is the more obscure side of his artistic activity. On that period, I tried to add new data to get a clearer view of his experience in Spain. At the same time, these new findings about his trip to Spain allowed revision of his catalog and pictorial activity. This painter, already indicated by Vasari as a Florentine artist who made his fortune abroad, become a classic example of how an artist moving between two countries could be a bridge between two very different schools of painting: the splendid season of the International Gothic of Valencia and the Florentine late Gothic painting. Precisely, the charm of Starnina lies on his capacity to connect two very different artistic worlds: this is a painter who influenced the international Gothic style in the city of Turia and the gothic developments in his native Florence.
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Murray, G. N. "Sparta en Athene : 'n studie in altérité /." Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/372.
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Murray, G. N. "Sparta en Athene: ’n studie in altérité." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1799.
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Thesis (MPhil (Ancient Studies)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007.The main purpose of this study is to investigate and describe the differences between the fifth-century city states of Athens and Sparta. The approach I use is that of altérité (“otherness”). I look in particular at four of the most important social phenomena: women, slaves, the army and the political structures. In these respects there are extensive differences between the two city states: Athens acquired its slaves through buying them or as spoils of war over time and on an individual basis; Sparta conquered and enslaved a whole nation, the Messenians, early on to serve permanently as their slaves. Athenian women enjoyed no social or legal freedom or rights; Spartan women enjoyed all these rights and could own and inherit property and goods. In Athens, since the time of Themistocles the fleet was regarded as much more important than the infantry; Sparta had very early on developed a professional infantry which was regarded as the best right through the Greek-speaking world. Athens started changing its constitution at a relatively late stage, but once started, continued to work on it until they attained an early form of democracy; Sparta never developed beyond the monarchical stage, but did adapt it to suit their needs. The second purpose of this study is to discover and attempt to explain why the above-mentioned differences are so great. The point here is not so much that Athens was the model city state which everybody tried to emulate, but rather that Sparta was the city state which was significantly different from any of the others.
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Riedel, Henrik G. A. H. "The spirit of Sparta conquers the skies." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53686.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The emergence of low cost airlines (LCAs) has attracted attention from passengers, competitors, the public, and researchers alike. It seems prodigious that LCAs prosper in today's time of economic downturn and are therefore able to counter the industry's trend. lATA's member airlines have accumulated losses of $31 billion since the beginning of the new millennium. Furthermore, industry icons such as American Airlines and British Airways are fighting for survival while some, namely Air Canada, are on the edge of bankruptcy: a fate which others, like Sabena, have not been able to escape. However, the low cost business model has triumphantly entered the aviation market since the deregulation of the markets in the U.S. in 1978. Low cost airlines like Southwest Airlines and Ryanair not only achieve double-digit profit margins, but also have the highest market capitalisation of the industry. This thesis examines the reason for the success of LCAs in the U.S. and EU. LCAs operate with a much lower cost base than most carriers, especially the major hut-and-spoke (H&S) airlines. The low cost business model aims at increasing both aircraft and staff productivity. It also simplifies the sequence of operations workflow and pricing structure. The thesis gives special consideration to the cost structure of LCAs. The advantages of LCAs lie within the areas such as labour, seat density, and distribution. The second objective of this thesis is to evaluate the development of LCAs and consider the implications for the European transport industry. Whereas American LCAs have operated for more than twenty-five years, the boom of their European counterparts did not commence until the end of the 1990s. Ryanair and easyJet have growth rates of more than thirty percent. The author agrees with the expectations of aviation experts that LCAs will grow until they serve approximately a quarter of the market; hence, the business model of low cost is sustainable. However, only three to four low cost airlines will survive the fierce competition in Europe.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die dringendheid van lae koste lugrederye (LKL'e) het die aandag getrek van passasiers, mededingers, die publiek en navorsers. Dit is vreemd dat LKL'e floreer in die huidige ekonomiese afswaai en gevolglik die tendens van die industrie teenwerk. Lugrederye, wat lid is van "lATA" , het sedert die begin van die eeu verliese gelei van 31 biljoen dollar. Daar teenoor is industriele ikone soos die Amerikaanse en Britse lugdienste (American Airlines and British Airways) besig om te veg vir oorlewing, terwyl ander soos die Kanadese lugdiens (Air Canada) op die grens van bankrotskap is: 'n ramp wat sommige soos Sabena nie kon vryspring nie. Sedert die deregulering van die lugvaart in die VSA in 1978 het die lae koste besigheidsmodel egter die mark triomfanlik betree. Lae koste lugrederye soos SuidWes lugdiens en Ryanair ervaar nie alleen dubbel-syfer wins-marges nie, maar het ook die hoogste mark-kapitalisasie in die industrie. Hierdie verhandeling ondersoek die redes vir die sukses van LKL'e in die V.SA en E.U. LKL'e werk teen 'n baie laer koste basis as die meeste vervoerders, veral die belangrikste "hub-and-spoke" lugrederye. Die doel van die lae koste besigheidsmodel is om beide die vliegtuie en die personeel se produktiwiteit te verhoog. Dit vereenvoudig ook die volgorde van prosedures, werkvloei en prysstruktuur. Hierdie verhandeling gee spesiale aandag aan die kostestruktuur van LKL'e. Die voordele van LKL'e lê op die gebied van arbeid, sitplekplasing en verspreiding. Die tweede doel van hierdie verhandeling is om die ontwikkeling van LKL'e te evalueer en te kyk na die invloed op die Europese vervoer-industrie. Die Amerikaanse LKL'e word reeds vir meer as vyf-en-twintig jaar bedryf terwyl hulle Europese eweknie nie 'n opswaai voor die einde van die 1990's ervaar het nie. Ryanair en easy Jet het 'n groei getoon van meer as 30%. Die argument is dat volgens lugvaartkundiges die LKL'e sal groei totdat dit ongeveer 'n kwart van die mark bedien; daarom sal die lae koste model die beste oorleef. Nogtans sal slegs drie of vier van die lae koste lugrederye egter die hewige kompetisie in Europa oorleef.
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Hadley, Travis Stuart. "Thucydides’ Sparta: Law, Piety, and the Regime." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc699880/.
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My dissertation investigates Thucydides’ presentation of Sparta. By viewing the war through Sparta, one is confronted with debates on the moral dimensions of war. Sparta decries the imperialism of Athens as unjust and while the Athenians imply that such claims are merely Spartan ‘hypocrisy’ and therefore that Sparta does not truly take justice seriously, my study contends that the Spartan concern with justice and piety is genuine. While the Athenians present a sophisticated and enlightened view of what they believe guides all political actions (a view most scholars treat as Thucydides’ own) my study argues that Sparta raises problems for key arguments of the ‘Athenian thesis.’ Through a closer study of Thucydides’ Sparta, including his neglected Book 5, I locate details of both Sparta’s prosecution of the war and their regime that must be considered before agreeing with the apparent sobriety and clear-sightedness of the Athenians, thus leading the reader into the heart of Thucydides’ view of morality in both foreign affairs and domestic politics. A portion of this research is currently being prepared as an article-length study on the broad and important issue of hypocrisy in foreign affairs among states.
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Minuzzo, Cristina <1987>. "Mosaici paleocristiani nelle ville tardoantiche della Spagna." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/1850.
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Nella tesi che presenterò ho voluto affrontare lo studio dei mosaici paleocristiani delle ville tardo antiche nella Penisola Iberica, cercando tra i vari repertori decorativi quelli che più potessero rappresentare esplicitamente l’appartenenza alla fede cristiana. Alla luce delle fonti archeologiche rinvenute nel territorio, la maggior parte delle decorazioni pavimentali documentate rievoca scene letterario -mitologiche che pare siano state scelte appositamente dai proprietari dell’epoca per esaltare le loro conoscenze letterarie ed il loro status sociale in quanto promotori di giochi circensi e appassionati di caccia mentre le uniche testimonianze di mosaici paleocristiani si riducono ad oggi nelle decorazioni della cupola del mausoleo di Centcelles, nel mosaico pavimentale della Villa Fortunatus e del Prado. Nei primi due capitoli introdurrò quindi la storia della diffusione del cristianesimo nella penisola e lo studio della struttura delle ville tardo antiche nonché dei principali temi dei mosaici pavimentali; nel terzo capitolo parlerò nel dettaglio dei tre edifici sopra citati, presentandone le caratteristiche architettoniche e motivando l’ipotesi dell’appartenenza all’arte paleocristiana ,mentre nel quarto ed ultimo capitolo, proporrò lo studio di altre tre ville tardo antiche, quella di El Saucedo, Carranque e Baños de Valdearados, i cui mosaici sono di possibile provenienza cristiana. Infine un repertorio illustrativo degli elementi da me approfonditi e citati nel testo.
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Bednarek, Nathalie. "Spasmes infantiles a debut tardif (apres un an)." Reims, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994REIMM025.
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Sarmiento, Miguel Ángel. "La fórmula de tratamiento usted como marcador étnico del habla : sus correlaciones con algunos factores de la tríada ecológica en contexto de etnias en contacto /." Stockholm : Department of Spanish, Portuguese and Latin American Studies, Stockholm University, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-1394.
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Lundgren, Fredrik, and Cristoffer Augustsson. "FINSKA OCH SPANSKA INBÖRDESKRIGET I HISTORIELÄROBÖCKER 1960-2009 : EN IDEOLOGIANALYS AV 17 HISTORIELÄROBÖCKERS FRAMSTÄLLNING AV FINSKA OCH SPANSKA INBÖRDESKRIGET." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för pedagogik, didaktik och utbildningsstudier, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-227038.
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I denna uppsats undersöks hur läroböcker i historia från år 1960 till år 2010 för gymnasieskolan framställt spanska och finska inbördeskriget i syfte att jämföra framställningarna över tid. Studien är kvalitativ i form av en textanalys där undersökningsobjektet varit historieläroböckers texter om finska och spanska inbördeskriget. Uppsatsen undersöker likheter och skillnader men också framställningarna av inbördeskrigens ideologiska anknytningar. Uppsatsen utgår från läroplansteori och analyseras utifrån definitioner av begreppen ideologi och hegemoni. Begreppen har använts som utgångspunkt för att ställa frågor till texterna som sedan analyseras utifrån en operationalisering av begreppen, vilket för studien inneburit att vi undersökt, bland annat, orsaker, konsekvenser och bildanvändning i framställningarna. Resultaten av studien visar på likheter i framställningen av det spanska inbördeskriget samt det finska inbördeskriget. I läroböckerna framställs inbördeskrigen som resultat av främst stora ideologiska motsättningar med undantag från 70- och 80-talet då inbördeskrigen främst benämns som klassmotsättningar. Resultaten visar på stora likheter i skiftningarna av orsaksförklaringarna till de båda inbördeskrigen. Orsakerna bakom inbördeskrigen har skiftat från att bero på socioekonomiska motsättningarna enligt läroböckerna till att huvudsakligen karakteriseras som inbördeskrig med ideologiska motsättningar.
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Harnesk, Malin. "Att spara eller inte att inte spara? : En paneldatastudie över bestämningsfaktorer för hushållens sparkvot." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-118707.
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Karlsson, Robin. "Att spara eller inte spara : En jämförelsestudie i formmaterial vid gjutning av Prefab element." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-21667.
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Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka för vilka byggen det är mer ekonomiskt lönsamt för leverantör av prefabelement att använda sig utav engångsskiva eller formplyfa som formmaterial. I uppdrag av UBAB har en undersökning gjorts om vilket formmaterial som är det lönsammare alternativet vid produktion av trappor. Detta har gjorts genom att analysera processernas tidåtgång, materialkostnad samt totalkostnad. Arbetssätten skiljer sig mellan de olika formmaterialen och därför har arbetsmomentet kartlagts genom tidsstudier för indata och observationer för ytterligare förståelse om processerna. Genom intervjuer har en materialåtgång framkommit som tillsammans med informationen från tidsstudierna använts för att ta fram totalkostnaden. Resultatet visar att totalkostnaden för engångsskivan är större än vid användandet av den traditionella formplyfan. Endast första gjutet visar sig vara lönsammare med engångsskivan. För att engångsskivan ska vara ett kostnadseffektivt alternativ vid flera gjut behövs materialåtgången sänkas då kostnaden för den snabbt blir dubbelt så dyr som med formplyfan. Även om kostnaden för engångsskivan är större finns fortfarande fördelar och möjligheter till förbättring. Att utveckla standardiserade arbetssätt även för engångsskivan kan göra det mer tidseffektivt och genom att få ner materialåtgången kan göra engångsskivan till ett mer lönsamt alternativ.The purpose of this study is to determent what type of build it’s more economic profitable for the supplier of prefab element to use single-use sheets or form plywood as mold material. Tasked by UBAB a survey was made to see which of the mold materials’ the most profitable alternative in production of stairs. This was made through analyzing the processes time consumption, material cost and total cost. Working procedure is different between the mold materials and that is why the operations been charted through time studies for input and observations for a greater understanding of the processes. A material consumption has emerged through interviews that together with the information from the time studies been used to determent the total cost. The result shows that the total cost for the single-use sheet is greater than when using the traditional form plywood. Only the first cast turns out to be more profitable with the single-use sheet. For the single-use sheet to be a cost efficient alternative at multiple casts the material consumption must be lowered since the cost quickly becomes twice as expensive as form plywood. Even though the cost of single-use sheets is greater there are still benefits and possibilities for improvement. To develop standardized working procedures for the single-use sheet as well could make it more time efficient and by decreasing the material consumption could make the single-use sheet a more profitable alternative.
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Einarsson, Jan Erik. "Spanska sjukan och dess effekter på svensk befolkningsutveckling." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Humanities, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-5267.
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