Journal articles on the topic 'Spanish language – video recordings for spanish speakers'
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Sadowsky, Scott. "The Sociolinguistic Speech Corpus of Chilean Spanish (COSCACH)." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 27, no. 1 (January 31, 2022): 93–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.19103.sad.
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Abstract This paper presents the Sociolinguistic Speech Corpus of Chilean Spanish (COSCACH) v1.0, a 9.3-million-word corpus containing transcribed, lemmatized and morphologically tagged text, audio recordings and videos from 1,237 L1 speakers of Chilean Spanish, as well as a control sample of 21 non-Chilean L1 Spanish speakers. The COSCACH is the first freely available corpus of spoken Chilean Spanish of substantial size, as well as one of the largest speech corpora of any variety of Spanish. Following a review of other Chilean speech corpora, I describe how the COSCACH was constructed, covering corpus design, speaker recruitment and metadata collection, speech elicitation and recording, transcription, lemmatization and morphological tagging, and corpus compilation. I thereby aim to provide a blueprint for creating modern, large-scale speech corpora suitable for phonetic, sociophonetic and sociolinguistic research, in addition to traditional inquiry into semantics, lexis, grammar, pragmatics and discourse.
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Pye, Clifton, Scott Berthiaume, and Barbara Pfeiler. "Northern Pame-Spanish language acquisition in the context of incipient language loss." International Journal of Bilingualism 24, no. 2 (February 22, 2019): 246–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367006919826328.
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Aims and Objectives/Purpose/Research Questions: Northern Pame (autonym: Xi’iuy) is an Otopamean language situated in the Mexican state of San Luís Potosí. Today over 90% of the Pame population speaks Spanish, and two-year-old children only speak Northern Pame in two Northern Pame villages. The paper explores differences in two-year-old Pame children’s production of words in Northern Pame and Spanish in order to assess the possibility that developmental constraints and/or language shift influence the form and distribution of the children’s words in the two languages. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study is based on video recordings of five Northern Pame children around the age of 2;0. The adult speakers included one father and four mothers. Four hours of production data were analyzed from each of the five children. Data and Analysis: We analyzed the following: (1) the proportion of major lexical categories; (2) the use of the Spanish copula ser in Pame; (3) the mean segmental length of words in Pame and Spanish; and (4) the syllable structure of words in Pame and Spanish. Findings/Conclusions: The overall results demonstrate that the children’s Pame and Spanish words have distinct linguistic properties. Originality: The study is the first to report acquisition data for the Northern Pame language. Northern Pame differs from Spanish on a wide range of lexical and grammatical features. The analysis includes four lexical features. The outcomes for these four features produce a multi-dimensional measure of language differentiation. Significance/Implications: The study shows that Northern Pame parents are successfully passing their home language to their children despite pressure from the contact language. The children acquired the features of Pame words even though some mothers produced over 40% of their nouns in Spanish. The Spanish vocabulary does not inhibit the children’s developing Pame lexical structures.
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Peredo, Karen. "the Learning Spanish language and culture." Pacific Journal of Technology Enhanced Learning 4, no. 1 (February 7, 2022): 23–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjtel.v4i1.141.
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Developing intercultural understanding is vital in language education; with this in mind, this project creates an online language-learning tool with the intention of increasing secondary students' intercultural communicative skills and practicing the Spanish language through scripted content that encourages social interactions. This virtual learning environment (VLE) features 360-degree video recordings of a native Spanish speaker acting as a significant historical figure. Students are encouraged to engage in one-on-one dialogues as part of digital selectable modules which are centred around the influential character’s main life events; these modules present vocabulary in different contexts. The footage is recorded in a green screen studio and features are added in post-production. Participants can opt to watch a video narrated by the historical character about past events to only develop listening skills. However, this resource intends to represent a real-life communicative experience through social interactions with a native speaker. Thus, the character prompts questions and users can opt type or select provided answers - voice recognition is a desirable feature that depends on finding suitable software. The actor is encouraged to offer non-verbal reactions such as facial expressions to encourage examinations of those responses. The goal is to promote intercultural communicative competence (ICC) via online interactions. By scaffolding learning, interactions will develop language skills to succeed in today's globalised world, stimulate reflective practices and inspire social action.
This project-based research will evaluate, review, and analyse literature regarding distance-learning approaches, student-centred theories and means by which ICC can be facilitated and promoted in digital education. A framework is devised considering pedagogical aspects for its effective use. Firstly, VLE supported by constructivism promote interaction between learners and content; student involvement in the construction of new knowledge is imperative (Whitlock, 2017). New knowledge is built on prior knowledge and influenced by social experiences as connections to the real-world increase engagement and make learning relevant (Reid-Martinez & Grooms, 2021). Similarly, heutagogy promotes active participation, autonomy and self-determination to learn (Blaschke, 2012). Online learning allows students to take ownership of their education, enhancing skills of self-direction. As a result, language students’ roles change from passive learners to confident speakers able to communicate with native speakers on digital platforms (Tolosa et al., 2021). Correspondingly, concepts of ICC and intercultural citizenship (IC) are integrated into the framework to enhance students' abilities to value their culture, to relate to others meaningfully and to promote active and collective social action (Byram, 2021). Subsequently, key elements will be categorised and implemented to create a platform that fosters Spanish language acquisition. During the process, a script is devised which includes cultural aspects of the language, prompts language practice and generates instances where interactions could occur. Video performances are recorded, edited, and revised. Additionally, a prototype is presented to a focus group consisting of language experts to provide feedback. To evaluate its usefulness, quantitative data will be collected via online surveys; close questions with ratings will be part of the questionnaire to investigate participants’ experiences. Pre and post surveys implementing questions from the intercultural sensitivity scale (Chen and Starosta, 2000) and ICC scale (Arasaratnam, 2012) are provided. The panellists' feedback about their experience with the prototype will be integrated for further modifications. Qualitative data will be gathered through observations, interviews and discussions with undergraduate students and/or specialist panellists. This data will be transcribed, organised and examined following naturalistic interpretive analysis (Aguayo, 2014) to measure changes in users’ awareness about ICC skills. This project promotes the development of skills necessary to become intercultural citizens through immersive, 360-degree footage of real-world scenarios that are not possible in traditional classroom settings.
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Jauregi, Kristi, and Emerita Bañados. "Virtual interaction through video-web communication: A step towards enriching and internationalizing language learning programs." ReCALL 20, no. 2 (March 28, 2008): 183–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0958344008000529.
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AbstractThis paper describes an intercontinental project with the use of interactive tools, both synchronous and asynchronous, which was set up to internationalize academic learning of Spanish language and culture. The objective of this case study was to investigate whether video-web communication tools can contribute to enriching the quality of foreign language curricula, by facilitating a motivating virtual communication environment for purposeful interaction between non native and native speakers of Spanish to accomplish learning tasks. The project was carried out between a class of twenty Spanish as foreign language students from the University of Utrecht, The Netherlands, and a class of twenty Chilean trainee Spanish teachers from the University of Concepción, Chile. Students interacted weekly, over two months, in dyads and small groups making use of a video-web communication tool, Adobe Connect. The video-web communication tool enabled synchronous interactions, during which participants could see each other while talking and sharing audiovisual documents on-line. A blog was also used to promote collaboration, reflection and exchange of ideas about issues raised during the synchronous sessions. Qualitative data was collected through a questionnaire, analysis of recordings of learners' interaction sessions and the project blog. Results show a positive impact on motivation and on learning outcomes, particularly regarding understanding of the use of language in given contexts, and of cultural issues.
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Pozzi, Rebecca, Chelsea Escalante, and Tracy Quan. "“Being myself in Spanish”." Study Abroad Research in Second Language Acquisition and International Education 8, no. 2 (October 5, 2023): 230–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sar.22001.poz.
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Abstract This case study examines the pragmatic development of address forms of a US-based Spanish heritage speaker of Mexican descent, Juan, during an 11-week abroad program in Argentina. Instruments included a background questionnaire, a pre/post-written elicitation task, four interviews, and 16 naturalistic recordings during host family dinners and service encounters. Findings indicate that Juan decreased his use of vos on elicitation tasks and did not use vos at all in naturalistic recordings. There was an increase, however, in his metapragmatic awareness, or his understanding of the ways variable forms index social meaning, specifically regarding address forms. These results were related to Juan’s bicultural identity construction, investment, and evolving withdrawal from or participation in the host community. This study highlights the importance of triangulating elicited and naturalistic data with qualitative information and moving away from appropriate-based models that compare heritage speakers’ pragmatic choices to those of monolingual native speakers.
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Coloma, Germán. "Argentine Spanish." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 48, no. 2 (July 13, 2017): 243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100317000275.
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Although Spanish is a relatively unified language, in the sense that people from very distant locations manage to understand each other well, there are several phonetic phenomena that distinguish geographically separated varieties. The total number of native speakers of Spanish is above 400 million, and roughly 10% of them live in Argentina (Instituto Cervantes 2014). The accent described below corresponds to formal Spanish spoken in Buenos Aires, and the main allophones are indicated by parentheses in the Consonant Table. The recordings are from a 49-year-old college-educated male speaker, who has lived all his life in either the city of Buenos Aires or the province of Buenos Aires.
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Valero-Garcés, Carmen. "Interaction and conversational constrictions in the relationships between suppliers of services and immigrant users." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 12, no. 4 (December 1, 2002): 469–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.12.4.04val.
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This article deals with aspects of interaction between doctors and immigrant users whose native language is not Spanish (immigrant non-native speakers of Spanish: INNSS) in healthcare centers in Spain. The methodological focus is based on institutional conversation analysis following Drew and Heritage’s studies (Drew & Heritage 1992; Heritage 1997; Drew and Sarjonen 1997), and ethnographic research (Cicourel 1992). It is my intention to examine the characteristics and peculiarities -if any- of doctor-patient interaction when the participants are immigrants and non-native speakers of Spanish who are not fluent in the language of interaction, in this case Spanish. The study is based on quantitative and qualitative data which come from surveys and recordings carried out in healthcare centers in northern Madrid, Spain, during 2000 - 2001.
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Pinzl, Michelle Marie. "Non-scripted role-playing with heritage speakers and second language learners in the medical interpreting classroom." Translation and Translanguaging in Multilingual Contexts 10, no. 2 (May 13, 2024): 206–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ttmc.00134.pin.
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Abstract This article examines dialogue interpreting in unscripted role-plays in the community interpreting classroom. In 2019, faculty members from several departments at Viterbo University (La Crosse, Wisconsin) coordinated an interprofessional education collaboration via role-playing in the institution’s Clinical Simulation Learning Center. Nursing, social work and pre-medical students were given the health-professional roles of caring for community members with limited English proficiency (who acted as ‘patients’). Interpreting students, both heritage speakers of Spanish and second language learners (L2) of both English and Spanish, facilitated language access for all parties involved. Recordings of these dialogues were then transcribed, annotated, and analyzed via mixed methods. This study examines overall and comparative findings of how heritage speakers and second language learners interpret dialogue, focusing on the textual aspects of their exchanges. While no language profile seemed to perform particularly better overall, certain indicators were more problematic for L2 Spanish speakers and/or heritage speakers. The presentation of these results and conclusions intend to foster improved teaching interventions for classrooms with students of varying English <> Spanish language backgrounds.
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Nagle, Charles, Pavel Trofimovich, and Annie Bergeron. "TOWARD A DYNAMIC VIEW OF SECOND LANGUAGE COMPREHENSIBILITY." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 41, no. 04 (March 12, 2019): 647–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263119000044.
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AbstractThis study took a dynamic approach to second language (L2) comprehensibility, examining how listeners construct comprehensibility profiles for L2 Spanish speakers during the listening task and what features enhance or diminish comprehensibility. Listeners were 24 native Spanish speakers who evaluated 2–5 minute audio clips recorded by three university-level L2 Spanish speakers responding to two prompts. Listeners rated comprehensibility dynamically, using Idiodynamic Software to upgrade or downgrade comprehensibility over the course of the listening task. Dynamic ratings for one audio clip were video-captured for stimulated recall, and listeners were interviewed to understand which aspects of L2 speech were associated with enhanced versus diminished comprehensibility. Results indicated that clips that were downgraded more often received lower global ratings but upgrading was not associated with higher ratings. Certain problematic features and individual episodes caused listeners’ impressions to converge, though substantial individual variation among listeners was evident.
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Sarymsakova, Albina, and Patricia Martín-Rodilla. "Software-assisted identification of non-native pitch elements for Russian-speaking learners of Spanish." Loquens 10, no. 1-2 (December 30, 2023): e104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/loquens.2023.e104.
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In this paper we present the results of an automatic comparative-contrastive analysis of functional elements of intonational contour (anacrusis, first peak, body, nucleus and final inflection) produced by non-native speakers of Spanish, whose first language is Russian. This analysis was carried out with the Plugin for phonetic-phonological analysis in Spanish (PAFe), a software tool for an instant comparative analysis of a non-native speakers’ pronunciation which takes audio recordings as input and implements multiple intonation comparison algorithms between native and non-native speakers of Spanish to calculate the percentage of similarity in intonation production. We used the intersyllabic analysis function of PAFe in order to identify which functional pitch elements of Russian speaking learners of Spanish -male and female- present more tonal deviations. Our results show that most tonal differences occurred in the body of the f 0 contour for female speakers whereas for male speakers the greatest tonal contrast was in the first peak. The obtained data indicate that these pitch elements are potentially challenging for Russian speaking learners of Spanish in their pursuit of acquiring phonetic-phonological competence. In addition, this study allowed us to identify which parameters of PAFe analysis per syllables require further refinement, such as processing of limited intonational spectrum values.
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Marcano, Zayra. "The Acquisition of the Spanish Trill (/R/) by Child Heritage Speakers: An Overview and Research Proposal." Scholars International Journal of Linguistics and Literature 6, no. 1 (January 17, 2023): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sijll.2023.v06i01.006.
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I propose an analysis on the acquisition of the alveolar trill /r/ by Spanish-speaking children as a heritage language. I aim to determine to what extent the acquisition of the trill by these speakers may differ from the same process in monolingual children. To that end, I will recruit twenty children Spanish-English bilingual heritage speakers (3-6 years of age), and twenty monolingual children of the same age who have never been exposed to another language. To collect the data, I will schedule brief Zoom meetings with the parents of the participants, and I will ask them to connect with the children to play a quick game (a picture-naming task). I will carefully listen to the recordings and examine the participant’s accuracy to produce the acoustic features of the Spanish trill. I will analyze all the tokens acoustically using PRAAT (Boersma & Weenink, 2017). The research hopes to be a contribution in the field of phonological acquisition of Spanish in bilingual settings, and to fill a gap in the literature regarding the development of the trill by heritage speakers.
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Gross, Megan C., and Margarita Kaushanskaya. "Language Control and Code-Switching in Bilingual Children With Developmental Language Disorder." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 65, no. 3 (March 8, 2022): 1104–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2021_jslhr-21-00332.
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Purpose: The current study examined language control and code-switching in bilingual children with developmental language disorder (DLD) compared to bilingual peers with typical language development (TLD). In addition, proficiency in each language and cognitive control skills were examined as predictors of children's tendency to engage in cross-speaker and intrasentential code-switching. Method: The participants were 62 Spanish/English bilingual children, ages 4;0–6;11 (years;months), including 15 children with DLD and 47 children with TLD. In a scripted confederate dialogue task to measure language control, children took turns describing picture scenes with video partners who were monolingual speakers of English or Spanish. The Dimensional Change Card Sort indexed cognitive control, the Bilingual English Spanish Assessment assisted in identifying DLD, and parent ratings from the Inventory to Assess Language Knowledge indexed proficiency in Spanish and English. Results: Children with DLD were more likely to engage in cross-speaker code-switching from Spanish to English (i.e., responding in English when addressed in Spanish) than children with TLD, even when controlling for proficiency in each language. Intrasentential code-switching (i.e., integrating both languages within an utterance) did not differ between groups. Cognitive control was more associated with cross-speaker than with intrasentential code-switching. Conclusions: These findings highlight the need to consider cross-speaker and intrasentential code-switching separately when seeking distinguishing features of code-switching in bilingual children with DLD. The use of increased cross-speaker code-switching by children with DLD especially with Spanish speakers highlights the need for increased support of home language use.
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Sanders, D. C., L. M. Reyes, D. J. Osborne, D. R. Ward, and D. E. Blackwelder. "USING A BILINGUAL GAPS AND HAND-WASHING DVD TO TRAIN FRESH PRODUCE FIELD AND PACKINGHOUSE WORKERS." HortScience 41, no. 3 (June 2006): 498D—498. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.3.498d.
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The Southeastern Fresh Produce Food Safety Training Program has been training extension agents across the southeastern U.S. since 2000. This program has utilized a variety of methods including group case study to enhance learning and promote team work. Multistate trainings have fostered collaboration between states and institutions. One goal of the program was to produce a method for agents to provide training that was repeatable and easy to implement. As a result, two videos were produced for use in training field and packinghouse workers. These videos were an English language good agricultural practices (GAPs) video entitled Bridging the GAPs: From the Farm to the Table and a Spanish language hand-washing video entitled ¡Lave sus Manos: Por Los Niños! This program has been very effective, but has faced challenges due to language barriers. Many field and packinghouse crews were mixed in terms of language with some crew members speaking only English while others spoke only Spanish. As a result, Spanish speakers were unable to access the information in the good agricultural practices video while English speakers were unable to access information in the hand-washing video. The solution was to produce a bilingual training aid that included both sets of information and has been compiled into a DVD containing the footage of both of the original videos in both languages. For the Spanish version of the GAPs video and the English of the hand-washing video, the audio of the video's original language was left at a low sound level and the audio of the alternate language was added. These DVDs are currently being distributed to extension programs in all of the cooperating states with the aim of reaching growers who want to start a food safety plan.
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Orta Casado, Javier, and Beatriz Peña-Acuña. "Video games lexicon included in Spanish language: a multiple case study." Linguo Didáctica 1 (December 2, 2022): 15–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.33776/linguodidactica.v1.7428.
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In our current society, the lexical treasure that Spanish has is made up of numerous words that recognize the expressions of a group of speakers. Due to technological development, this reality is present in the Internet space and among consumers of online content, who discover and learn, from this multimodal tool, new terms that arise daily, giving rise to new words. For this reason, in this dissertation, we aim investigate and treat those terms of Spanish and English origin and even neologisms that make up the world of video games, with a viewing of 50 youtubers and an experimentation of 3 successful video games from which it will be obtained, terms which will be later collated to see how they are treated in the different dictionaries. Thirdly, the percentage of these terms will be obtained through the words collected in the reference corpus of Spanish and English. It will also be addressed what attention video games receive recently as a didactic multimodal tool for learning vocabulary.
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Cerrón-Palomino, Álvaro. "Null-subject encounter: Variable subject pronoun expression in the Spanish of Quechua-Spanish bilinguals in the Central Peruvian Andes." International Journal of Bilingualism 23, no. 5 (April 24, 2018): 1005–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367006918763175.
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Objectives and Research Questions: This study explores the effects of bilingualism on the production of subject personal pronouns (SPPs) in speakers of two null-subject languages, Quechua and Spanish. The paper also seeks to determine if these effects can be explained by general bilingual accounts, such as the Interface Hypothesis (IH), or by contact-specific accounts. Methodology: This is a sociolinguistic variationist study; therefore, the data were collected with sociolinguistic interviews. Data and Analysis: The data consist of transcriptions of audio recordings of eight Spanish monolingual and eight Quechua-Spanish bilingual speakers of Huancayo (Peru). The data were analyzed by using the statistical software SPSS 23.0 and Goldvarb X. Findings: The IH predicts that the overt SPP rate of the bilinguals should be higher than that of the monolinguals and that the pragmatic switch reference constraint should be difficult for the Quechua first language speakers to master. The results show, however, that their rates are similar, and that switch reference was the most robust predictor for the bilinguals. This study’s results suggest that indirect transfer from the mandatory Quechua switch reference subordinating particle – pti is taking place. Originality: This is one of the first variationist studies examining the IH predictions regarding SPP production in bilinguals speaking an indigenous American null-subject language alongside Spanish. In addition, this is the first study to show, through statistical analyses, the contact-specific effect the other language can exert on a particular constraint in the subject pronoun expression of the bilinguals. Significance: The results of the study suggest that even subtle transfer in situations of language contact can be accurately explained by contact-specific accounts.
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Gibson, Todd A. "The Influence of Native- Versus Foreign-Accented Speech on Spanish–English Bilingual Children's Spanish Receptive Vocabulary Performance: A Pilot Study." Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools 50, no. 4 (October 10, 2019): 710–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2019_lshss-18-0136.
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Purpose There are many fewer speech-language pathologists (SLPs) who can administer Spanish language testing than there are children in the United States who need such testing. Although there are precautions against language testing by foreign speakers, results from testers using native- versus foreign-accented speech have not been compared using popular picture-pointing vocabulary tests of the sort used by SLPs. Therefore, we sought to determine if nonnative Spanish speech (i.e., foreign-accented speech) was sufficient for the administration of a Spanish receptive vocabulary test. Method Using a single group, within-subjects design, 15 Spanish–English bilingual 5-year-olds from a low socioeconomic background listened to native- and foreign-accented digital audio recordings of targeted vocabulary words. Native- and foreign-accented testing was counterbalanced with a 2-month interlude. Using standard procedures, children were also administered English and Spanish–English bilingual picture-pointing vocabulary tests. Language histories were collected from caregivers and teachers. Results Standard scores were significantly lower for foreign- than for native-accented Spanish vocabulary testing. However, native-accented testing produced outcomes similar to those found in the literature for standard administration procedures. Conclusions Results support precautions that language testers should be proficient in the language of testing. However, standardized picture-pointing receptive vocabulary tests might be amenable to adaptations using recorded speech instead of standard procedures. This potentially extends the number of SLPs who might administer some Spanish testing.
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Silva-Corvalán, Carmen. "Simultaneous bilingualism: Early developments, incomplete later outcomes?" International Journal of Bilingualism 22, no. 5 (June 23, 2016): 497–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367006916652061.
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Purpose: Research on the language of heritage speakers has shown that in situations of societal bilingualism the functionally restricted language evidences the simplification of some grammatical domains. A frequent question is whether this stage of grammatical simplification is due to incomplete or interrupted acquisition in the early years of a bilingual’s life, or a result of processes of attrition of acquired knowledge of the underused language. This article considers the issue of incompleteness through an examination of the relationship between bilingual children’s developing grammars and the more or less changed bilingual systems of adult second and third generation immigrants (“heritage speakers”) in the USA. Methodology: The issue of incompleteness is examined in two corpora: (1) Recordings of 50 Spanish-English adult Mexican-American bilinguals; and (2) Longitudinal data obtained during the first six years of life of two Spanish-English bilingual siblings. Data analysis: Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the grammar of subjects, verbal clitics, and verb tenses of the Spanish of the bilinguals under study. Findings: The outcome of reduced exposure and production of a minority language in simultaneous bilingual acquisition reflects the incomplete acquisition by age 6;0 of some aspects of the input language. The bilingual siblings’ unequal control of the minority language is shown to parallel the range of proficiencies identified across the adult heritage speakers. Significance: Some linguists argue that heritage speakers’ grammars are less restrictive or “different” in some respects but not incomplete. In contrast, this article demonstrates that at least some of the reduced grammars of heritage speakers result from a halted process of acquisition in the early years of life. Furthermore, while difference is not an explanatory construct, incomplete acquisition due to interrupted development caused by restricted exposure and production offers an explanation for the range of proficiencies attested among adult heritage speakers.
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Andrés, Óscar del Castillo, Santiago Romero Granados, Teresa González Ramírez, and María del Carmen Campos Mesa. "Gender equity in physical education: The use of language." Motriz: Revista de Educação Física 20, no. 3 (September 2014): 239–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1980-65742014000300001.
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This study analyzed Spanish teachers' behavior and the transmission of gender stereotypes. We observed 48 physical education lessons given by four Spanish teachers (two men and two women). Descriptive codes, which were generated iteratively, were clustered, categorized, integrated, recoded, and re-categorized. They allowed us to identify four major themes related to the transmission of gender stereotypes of teachers: male generics, stereotyped expressions, nominative attention, and priority order. We used a coding sheet as well as audio and video recordings to register the categories. The Kruskal-Wallis test produced significance levels lower than .05, resulting in the rejection of the null hypothesis. Sexist behavior was found in the male generics, nominative attention, and priority order. However, we found no difference in stereotyped expressions.
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Thomas, Erik R., and Phillip M. Carter. "Prosodic rhythm and African American English." English World-Wide 27, no. 3 (October 12, 2006): 331–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.27.3.06tho.
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Prosodic rhythm was measured for a sample of 20 African American and 20 European American speakers from North Carolina using the metric devised by Low, Grabe and Nolan (2000), which involves comparisons of the durations of vowels in adjacent syllables. In order to gain historical perspective, the same technique was applied to the ex-slave recordings described in Bailey, Maynor and Cukor-Avila (1991) and to recordings of five Southern European Americans born before the Civil War. In addition, Jamaicans, Hispanics of Mexican origin who spoke English as their L2, and Hispanics speaking Spanish served as control groups. Results showed that the North Carolina African Americans and European Americans were both quite stress-timed overall, with no significant difference between them. Spanish emerged as solidly syllable-timed, while Jamaican English and Hispanic English were intermediate. The ex-slaves were significantly less stress-timed than either younger African Americans or European Americans born before the Civil War. This finding suggests that African American English was once similar to Jamaican English in prosodic rhythm.
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Ogea Pozo, María del Mar, Carla Botella Tejera, and Alejandro Bolaños García-Escribano. "Exploring Stereotypes and Cultural References in Dubbed TV Comedies in the Spanish-as-a-Foreign-Language Classroom." Íkala, Revista de Lenguaje y Cultura 28, no. 2 (May 26, 2023): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.ikala.v28n2a04.
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Streaming video-on-demand (SVoD) platforms have recently set out to produce an ever-increasing number of non-English-language films and tv series distributed worldwide. These, in turn, have become the perfect vehicle for disseminating cultural realities other than those from English-speaking countries. In this article, we endeavour to analyse the presence of stereotypes and cultural references in the English-dubbed version of the Spanish tv series Valeria (Benítez, 2020–present) and the way they travel through dubbing. To this end, we conducted a comparative study in which seven video excerpts from the English-dubbed version and their original Spanish version were shown to 57 native English-speaking participants from a British higher education institution, who shared a similar knowledge of Spanish as a foreign language. Specifically, we explored the participants’ overall perception of humorous passages, their identification of cultural references, their informed opinion on the translation techniques applied (and alternatives given), and their self-assessment of the metacognitive effort required. The findings show two aspects of learners: (a) overall, these learners were eager to maintain stereotypes and cultural references used for humorous purposes in audiovisual comedies, and (b) their understanding of these items often relies on audiovisual support. The findings offer an initial examination of English speakers’ cognitive and evaluative perception of Spanish comedies that have been dubbed in English and can be useful for translator training purposes.
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Deibel, Isabel. "Adpositions in Media Lengua: Quichua or Spanish? – Evidence of a Lexical-Functional Split." Journal of Language Contact 12, no. 2 (August 14, 2019): 404–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19552629-01202006.
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After decades of debate in linguistic theory, the lexical/functional status of adpositions is still controversial. Lexicon-Grammar mixed languages such as Media Lengua, spoken in Northern Ecuador, are excellent testing cases for such grammatical categories: This mixed language displays a conservative Quichua morphosyntactic frame while approximately 90% of its lexical roots are relexified from Spanish. Thus, due to the lexical-functional split Media Lengua displays, whether adpositions in this language are realized in Quichua or Spanish can speak to their status as a lexical/functional category. This study reports data from recent field research, conducted with speakers trilingual in Media Lengua, Quichua and Spanish who participated in two tasks (video description and translation). The results show a split between lexical and functional adpositions in Media Lengua, manifested in the dual-language realization of complex (multimorphemic) items: The lexical part of these complex items is relexified from Spanish while the functional part is retained in Quichua – even when participants are structurally primed. This suggests that Media Lengua across communities systematically follows Quichua morphosyntactic rules.
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Bush, Charles D. "Three visits to Montevidisco: Spanish enrichment with interactive videodisc." ReCALL 6, no. 2 (November 1994): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0958344000003189.
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Montevidisco is an interactive videodisc application intended for intermediate Spanish students. It combines language enrichment with elements of role-playing games as the student plays the role of someone visiting a hypothetical city in Mexico, interacting with native Spanish speakers in native situations via videodisc. The concept originated at Brigham Young University in the early eighties, with the video filming done at that time. More recently, the BYU Humanities Research Center has adapted the original material to run on standard microcomputer platforms.There are three implementations of Montevidisco in various stages of development. The first is a side-by-side version that uses a HyperCard stack on a Macintosh to control a separate videodisc player and monitor. The second version uses a video overlay configuration with ToolBook and Windows on an IBM platform. Both of these versions are 'finished' to the extent that they are being used in intermediate Spanish classes at BYU and elsewhere. General marketing arrangements are expected to be finalized this summer. The most recent implementation uses QuickTime on a Macintosh to display digitized video directly from the computer's hard disk.This paper begins with an explanation of the general features of Montevidisco that are common to all three implementations. It outlines some of the design considerations faced and explains how the choice of metaphor influenced those decisions. Some questions that have been raised during the testing and review process are also addressed. The paper then categorizes the significant differences between the three implementations and discusses the technological and pedagogical reasons for them. It concludes with a status report on the QuickTime version and gives an assessment of this new digital video technology in an instructional environment.
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Moya-Galé, Gemma, Alireza Goudarzi, Àngels Bayés, Megan McAuliffe, Bram Bulté, and Erika S. Levy. "The Effects of Intensive Speech Treatment on Conversational Intelligibility in Spanish Speakers With Parkinson's Disease." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 27, no. 1 (February 6, 2018): 154–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2017_ajslp-17-0032.
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Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of intensive speech treatment on the conversational intelligibility of Castilian Spanish speakers with Parkinson's disease (PD), as well as on the speakers' self-perceptions of disability. Method Fifteen speakers with a medical diagnosis of PD participated in this study. Speech recordings were completed twice before treatment, immediately posttreatment, and at a 1-month follow-up session. Conversational intelligibility was assessed in 2 ways—transcription accuracy scores and intelligibility ratings on a 9-point Likert scale. The Voice Handicap Index (Núñez-Batalla et al., 2007) was administered as a measure of self-perceived disability. Results Group data revealed that transcription accuracy and median ease-of-understanding ratings increased significantly immediately posttreatment, with gains maintained at the 1-month follow-up. The functional subscale of the Voice Handicap Index decreased significantly posttreatment, suggesting a decrease in perceived communication disability after speech treatment. Conclusion These findings support the implementation of intensive voice treatment to improve conversational intelligibility in Spanish speakers with PD with dysarthria as well as to improve the speakers' perception of their daily communicative capabilities. Clinical and theoretical considerations are discussed.
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Mamani Morales, Juan Carlos. "Use of Aymara in the Chile, Peru, and Bolivia Frontiers: A Micro-Sociolinguistic Analysis." Íkala, Revista de Lenguaje y Cultura 28, no. 3 (September 14, 2023): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.ikala.348475.
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The Aymara language (AL) is one of the most important languages in the central Andean region. However, there are few studies on its use from a microsociolinguistic approach. This paper aims to analyze the use of the Aymara language in six commercial speech events in a tri-border context involving Aymara speakers from Chile, Peru, and Bolivia. The conversations that happened within these events were collected through audio recordings and written records in a qualitative ethnographic intervention in the so-called three-part fair or “Feria Tripartita” (FT), a commercial event that occurs weekly in the three-border area. The analysis is based on ethnography of communication, conversational analysis, and interactional sociolinguistics. Drawing on this analytical framework, the use of the AL that is manifested there shows code-switching with Spanish, both inter- and intra-orally, along with a series of interlinguistic phenomena, such as the presence of a series of Spanish lexical bases with Aymara suffixation, and the use of unnecessary Spanish loans. Thus the FT, in spite of being an Aymara space that conforms a bilingual speaking community, is a space of influence of the Castilian language, which structurally affects the use of the AL.
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Serafini, Ellen J., and Sara I. Roca-Ramirez. "The role of critical experiences, positioning, and agency in the dynamic, emergent construction of heritage speaker selves." Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching 14, no. 1 (March 26, 2024): 97–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/ssllt.42373.
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Previous research has proposed a crucial role for critical experiences in language learning to better understand how learners understand and discursively construct their self-concept (Mercer, 2011, 2016; Serafini, 2020a; Thompson, 2020). However, studies have mainly explored critical experiences in the narratives of foreign language learners of English with little attention to how heritage speakers of languages other than English (LOTE) draw on critical experiences in discursive constructions of self. To address this gap, this study aims to explore the impact of critical experiences in university heritage Spanish speakers’ self-narratives. Twenty heritage Spanish students completed a background questionnaire and peer-facilitated, video-recorded interview. Emergent, recurring themes were identified in transcribed interview data following tenets of grounded theory (Charmaz, 2006; Glaser & Strauss, 1967). Findings underscore the key role of positioning (Davies & Harré, 1990) in dynamic conceptions of self, particularly how heritage speakers (re)imagine and discursively construct past, current, and future self-states. Positioning was also linked to agency (Ahearn, 2001) in relation to students’ critical reflections on experiences of racialization and resistance to, or reproduction of, dominant language ideologies. Overall, the study provides valuable insights for (heritage) language educators seeking to enact critical pedagogical principles in their classroom and curriculum.
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Payvandi, Lily, Chase Parsons, Fabienne C. Bourgeois, and Jonathan D. Hron. "Inpatient Telehealth Experience of Patients With Limited English Proficiency: Cross-sectional Survey and Semistructured Interview Study." JMIR Formative Research 6, no. 4 (April 19, 2022): e34354. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/34354.
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Background Patients with limited English proficiency (LEP) are at a higher risk of poor health outcomes and are less likely to use telehealth than English-speaking patients. To date, there is no formal evaluation of inpatient (IP) telehealth user experience of patients and their families by language preference during visits with their clinicians. Objective This study aims to compare the experiences of English- and Spanish-speaking patients and their families using IP telehealth, as well as to evaluate the experience of Spanish interpreters providing services through IP telehealth. Methods We prospectively administered a survey to English- and Spanish-speaking patients and their families who used IP telehealth from October 1, 2020, to March 31, 2021. We performed semistructured phone interviews of hospital-based Spanish interpreters who provided services through IP telehealth. Results A total of 661 surveys were administered, with completion rates of 18% (112/621) in English and 62% (25/40) in Spanish. On a 10-point scale, the overall satisfaction of Spanish speakers (median 10, IQR 10-10) was higher than that of English speakers (median 9, IQR 8-10; P=.001). Both English- and Spanish-speaking patients used IP telehealth for visits with their primary IP care team, subspecialty consultants, and other clinicians. Hospital tablets were used more often than personal devices, and only English-speaking patients used personal laptops. Patients and their families encountered challenges with log-in, team coordination with multiple users, and equipment availability. Interpreters encountered challenges with audio and video quality, communication, safety, and Wi-Fi access. Conclusions Both English- and Spanish-speaking patients reported high satisfaction using IP telehealth across multiple disciplines despite the workflow challenges identified by interpreters. Significant investment is needed to provide robust infrastructure to support use by all patients, especially the integration of multiple users to provide interpreter services for patients with LEP.
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Garcia Torres, Anyi Carolina, and Astrid Ramírez Valencia. "The impact of video series to teach English pronunciation to Spanish speakers living in United States." Revista Boletín Redipe 10, no. 13 (April 7, 2022): 368–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.36260/rbr.v10i13.1751.
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This article analyzes the situation of Spanishspeaking immigrants in the United States, studying the implications of their low level of English incidence in their labor, social and integration conditions within the communities, the analysis is framed in the presentation of some realities suffered by this type of settlers for not having the command of the language. As an alternative, it is proposed to use YouTube videos to improve their pronunciation, intonation, and the communicative processes that constitute verbal fluency. It is concluded that it is necessary to take into account some considerations regarding the use of YouTube videos in order to generate self-confidence and autonomy in English language learners.
The objective of this article is to discuss the restrictions suffered by Spanish-speaking immigrants in the American context due to their lack of English language proficiency. A reflection on the role of language proficiency is presented, establishing as an alternative the use of YouTube videos that allow them to improve their knowledge of this language, strengthening their autonomy and motivation to improve their English language proficiency in a self-directed way
It is concluded that it is necessary to take into account some guidelines regarding the use of videos found on YouTube to improve pronunciation and intonation, thus avoiding the unintelligibility of the speech.
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Pereira Reyes, Yasna, and Valerie Hazan. "English vowel perception by non-native speakers: impact of audio and visual training modalities." Onomázein Revista de lingüística filología y traducción, no. 51 (2021): 111–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.7764/onomazein.51.04.
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Perception of sounds of a second language (L2) presents difficulties for non-native speakers which can be improved with training (Bradlow, Pisoni, Akahane-Yamada & Tohkura, 1997; Logan, Lively & Pisoni, 1991; Iverson & Evans, 2009). The aim of this study was to compare three different English vowel perceptual training programmes using audio (A), audiovisual (AV) and video (V) modes in non-native speakers with Spanish as native language (L1). 47 learners of English with Spanish as L1 were allocated to three different vowel training groups (AT, AVT, VT) and were given five training sessions to assess their improvement in English vowel perception. Additionally, participants were recorded before and after training to measure their improvement in the production of English vowels. Results showed that participants improved their perception and production of English vowels regardless of their training modality with no evidence of a benefit of visual information. These results also suggest that there is a lot of individual differences in perception and production of L2 vowels which may be related to a complex relation between speech perceptual and production mechanisms.
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Varo Varo, Alonso. "Fostering intercultural competence through videoconference exchange: using an external provider to match learners with trained native speakers and administer video calls." Journal of Virtual Exchange 4 (February 3, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21827/jve.4.35981.
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This practical case presents the use of an External Provider (EP) as an alternative approach to the traditional telecollaboration setting where a partnership with a foreign higher education institution is established. Usually, these partnerships involve language exchanges between learning partners who mutually practice each other’s native language. Instead, an eight-week cross-cultural Virtual Exchange (VE) in Spanish between US college students studying Spanish and trained Colombian university students was organized through an external language platform to foster the US students’ Intercultural Competence (IC). It is concluded that the use of an EP brings an undeniable level of flexibility to the organization of the VE, and makes manageable the integration of this type of program in higher education language classes. Additionally, this article assesses the value of this approach by looking at the effect of VE on the US students’ self- assessment of IC after the videoconference exchanges. Data from quantitative surveys and student blogs show a significant increase in the students’ IC after the program.
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Lenkaitis, Chesla Ann. "Recorded video meetings in virtual exchange: a new frontier for pre-service teacher reflection." Journal of Virtual Exchange 3 (August 24, 2020): 39–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21827/jve.3.35750.
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This study examined a virtual exchange in which English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teacher candidates from Colombia were partnered with Spanish as a Foreign Language (SFL) teacher candidates from the United States. The eight (n = 8) participants interacted via videoconference for six weeks. Additionally, they watched recordings of their video meetings in order to reflect on their experiences and what they noticed about their interactions (Schmidt, 1990). Results from qualitative data showed participants’ awareness of their professional identity and professional development. Additionally, incorporating a reflective component, based on watching recorded synchronous sessions, into virtual exchange is shown to be a valuable tool for making connections between theory and practice.
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Dolores, Maria, and Jorge Mañana-Rodriguez. "Exploring Engagement in Online Videos for Language Learning through YouTube’s Learning Analytics." EDEN Conference Proceedings, no. 1 (September 21, 2021): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.38069/edenconf-2021-ac0005.
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Until a few years ago, video analytics were not accessible to learning stakeholders, mainly because online video platforms did not share the users’ interactions on the system with stakeholders. However, this scenario has changed, and currently YouTube, the world’s largest media sharing site, offers these data. YouTube is also the main tool for transmitting audio-visual content in Language MOOCs (massive open online courses), and its video engagement data can be monitored through the YouTube Studio channel, which provides free and open access to video analytics. In this paper we present our research based on the analysis of viewers’ engagement with 35 videos of the Language MOOC entitled Alemán para hispanohablantes: basic principles (German for Spanish-speakers). The data provided by the YouTube Studio Learning Analytics platform has enabled new insights related to participants’ watching of these videos in Language MOOCs (LMOOCs). The results of our study provide pedagogical implications for Foreign Language instructors concerning the use of videos in language learning.
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Zaidi, Rahat. "Dual-Language Books: Enhancing Engagement and Language Awareness." Journal of Literacy Research 52, no. 3 (July 16, 2020): 269–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1086296x20939559.
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This collaborative action research project in Alberta, Canada, explored how dual-language books (DLBs) can foster literacy instruction and learner engagement through language awareness. Canada’s changing demographics have resulted in mother tongue diversity and many urban schools identifying at least 25% of students as being English language learners, making it crucial to include a mix of languages in classroom interactions to engage all learners. The case study combined prereading linguistic prompts with a reading of 10 DLBs, one each week, by guest readers in Urdu, Tagalog, and Spanish, alongside the teacher reading in English. Video recordings and surveys collected data on the teacher’s, guest readers’, and learners’ reflections on the experience. Findings indicate that regardless of the learners’ linguistic heritage or English language competence, the DLBs offered a unique support for literacy engagement while fostering a focus on language awareness, reading strategies, and higher order engagement with text.
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Poveda, David. "Bilingual Beyond School: Students’ Language Ideologies in Bilingual Programs in South-Central Spain." Foro de Educación 17, no. 27 (June 11, 2019): 11–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.14516/fde.700.
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This article examines adolescent and late adolescent discourses on bilingualism, bilingual education and the role of English and other additional languages in the current out-of-school lives and future trajectories of Spanish students enrolled in bilingual education programs. The data is part of a larger critical sociolinguistic ethnographic project on the implementation of bilingual education programs in secondary education (organized as English-Spanish CLIL) in Castilla-La Mancha, a region in South-Central Spain. Discourses were mainly elicited through a series of workshop-type and group discussion activities held in classrooms from two semi-private and two public schools, as well as an additional focus group conducted with university students. In total, 12 group events, involving approximately 300 students, were organized and documented through video-recordings, audio-recordings, photographs and fieldnotes. Students’ language ideologies around bilingualism are examined through an inductive qualitative / grounded theory approach. Three themes are identified: (a) the definition of bilingualism and bilingual competence, (b) the place of English (and other additional languages) in students’ current lives and social experiences and; (c) the role assigned to English in future employment and mobility opportunities. These discourses are discussed in relation to recent critical sociolinguistic work on the interconnection between language, multilingualism and neoliberalism. The paper closes with some methodological thoughts regarding the place of linguistic ethnography in the analysis of students’ collective discourses.
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Eckhaus, Rebekka. "Early mixing in a Spanish-English simultaneous bilingual in a Japanese context at age 2;4." Journal of Monolingual and Bilingual Speech 5, no. 3 (January 30, 2024): 306–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/jmbs.23536.
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Early language mixing has often been interpreted as bilinguals’ inability to separate languages, although more recent research suggests that young bilingual children have the ability in production. This study analyzes the mixing patterns of Jun, a Spanish-English simultaneous bilingual being raised in a Japanese societal context. Spontaneous speech data have been analyzed from two hours of video recordings, of four family conversations at age 2;4 [years;months], a period at which syntax should be emerging. The investigation found that Jun, prior to acquiring verb inflection, consistently speaks in the context-appropriate language and rarely engages in mixing, suggesting clear language separation and pragmatic sensitivity. Mixing rates, MLU, UB, and monoglossic production in both home languages confirm Jun’s balanced performance, and also language separation. Moreover, the scarcity of inter- and intra-sentential mixing, as well as 1-word mixing, reveals the child’s accommodation to his interlocutors’ language choice, as well as this 2-year-old’s strong control over his own language choice
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Valentin-Rivera, Laura E., and Li Yang. "The Effects of Digitally Mediated Multimodal Indirect Feedback on Narrations in L2 Spanish Writing: Eye Tracking as a Measure of Noticing." Languages 6, no. 4 (October 6, 2021): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages6040159.
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Written corrective feedback (CF) could pave the way for L2 development, especially when embedded in multimodality. Building on prior research, this descriptive study drew a relationship between specific types of errors that were most successfully revised and noticing measured by eye-tracking techniques. Additionally, this study furthers our understanding of the impact of indirect CF (i.e., codes accompanied by metalinguistic hints) delivered by two multimodal components: (a) a video tutorial on how to approach teachers’ comments and (b) a soundless video displaying individualized teacher feedback. To this end, three L2 learners of Spanish completed a narration in the target language, watched a tutorial on attending to CF, received indirect feedback via the personalized soundless video (i.e., option “b” above), and corrected their errors. An eye tracker recorded all ocular activity while the participants watched both recordings. The results suggested that receiving training on approaching teachers’ comments may enhance the overall success rate of revisions, especially in verb and vocabulary-related errors. Last, a detailed unfolding of the revision process unveiled by eye-tracking data accounted for (1) an explanation of why two specific types of errors were more successfully revised and (2) some pedagogical recommendations.
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Camargo-Mendoza, Maryluz, Elmar Nöth, Jiri Mekyska, and Juan Rafael Orozco-Arroyave. "Oral-diadochokinesis rates for Spanish, German and Czech: reference values for normotypical adults." Revista de Investigación en Logopedia 13, no. 2 (October 5, 2023): e85834. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/rlog.85834.
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Oral diadochokinesis (oral-DDK) is one of the common maximum performance task used in clinical practice to evaluate the oral motor mechanism. Although there are reference values for some languages, there are no recent publications of adult population speaking Spanish, German or Czech. Aims: 1) to describe the values of oral-DDK in adult speakers of Spanish, German and Czech, 2) to determine the influence of gender on the values of oral-DDK, 3) to determine the influence of age on the values of oral-DDK and, 4) to compare the inter-language values of the oral-DDK. Methods & Procedures: the recordings of 189 healthy adults were considered (between 26 to 86 years), 94 females and 95 males, while producing the sequential motion rate (SMR) /pa-ta-ka/. Count-by-time method was used using an acoustic analysis software. Oral-DDK averages were established for each language and the effect of gender and age was determined. The variability of the measure among languages was also established. Results: reference data were obtained for each language. Age did not show any significant effect on oral-DDK despite its decline as age advanced; there was no gender effect on the oral-DDK, and the comparison of the oral-DDK among languages showed statistically significant differences. Conclusions: This study determined the reference data of the oral-DDK for Spanish, German and Czech and found significant differences among the three languages and no significant effects of age or gender on the measure studied.
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Leguizamon del Portillo, Juliana, and Andres Bernal-Ballen. "Video and audio platforms for improving listening skills in Spanish´s students of EFL: A preliminary and descriptive study." ELT Forum: Journal of English Language Teaching 11, no. 2 (July 31, 2022): 73–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/elt.v11i2.50910.
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Learning English as a foreign language can be challenging because it requires the development of tools which allows an effective communication process. In this sense, the phonetic differences between Spanish and English are one of the reasons why it is difficult to develop listening skills for Spanish native speakers. Thus, in this research, a didactic strategy based on common audio and video platforms was designed in order to improve this ability in a sample of students. The sample was selected at convenience and consisted of fifteen students from an English intermediate course. The strategy was divided into three parts: a diagnostic test to demonstrate the level of listening; learning activities; and an exit test. A descriptive study was conducted. The obtained results showed students’ progressive improvement in pragmatics, understanding, and intonation. In addition, the results indicated that the use of alternative methods, mediated by new technologies, seems to be equal or more effective than traditional teaching and a better learning of English is perceived by using remote strategies than in face-to-face ones.
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HOHENSTEIN, JILL, ANN EISENBERG, and LETITIA NAIGLES. "Is he floating across or crossing afloat? Cross-influence of L1 and L2 in Spanish–English bilingual adults." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 9, no. 3 (October 20, 2006): 249–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728906002616.
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Research has begun to address the question of transfer of language usage patterns beyond the idea that people's native language (L1) can influence the way they produce a second language (L2). This study investigated bidirectional transfer, of both lexical and grammatical features, in adult speakers of English and Spanish who varied in age of L2 acquisition. Early and late learners of English watched and orally described video depictions of motion events. Findings suggest bilinguals' patterns of motion description lexically and grammatically resemble those of monolinguals in each language. However, although participants showed bidirectional lexical transfer, they displayed only L1-to-L2 grammatical transfer. Furthermore, learning L2 post-puberty affected L2 lexical choice, but both early and late L2 learners showed L2 influence on L1 lexical choice. Finally, the findings of grammatical transfer and age of acquisition were mixed. We discuss results with reference to theories of cross-language transfer.
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Rowe, Deborah Wells, and Mary E. Miller. "Designing for diverse classrooms: Using iPads and digital cameras to compose eBooks with emergent bilingual/biliterate four-year-olds." Journal of Early Childhood Literacy 16, no. 4 (July 25, 2016): 425–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468798415593622.
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This paper reports the findings of a two-year design study exploring instructional conditions supporting emerging, bilingual/biliterate, four-year-olds’ digital composing. With adult support, children used child-friendly, digital cameras and iPads equipped with writing, drawing and bookmaking apps to compose multimodal, multilingual eBooks containing photos, child-produced drawings, writing and voice recordings. Children took digital cameras home, and home photos were loaded onto the iPads for bookmaking. In Year 1, eBook activities successfully supported children’s multimodal composing. Children used similar writing forms on the page and screen, and explored the keyboard as an option for writing. Children used digital images as anchors for conversation and composing, and produced oral recordings extending and elaborating written messages. However, most dual-language recordings were created by Spanish-English bilinguals, with speakers of other languages rarely composing in their heritage languages. In Year 2, we redesigned eBook events to better support all children as multimodal, multilingual composers. Revised eBook activities included multilingual, demonstration eBooks containing all the children’s languages, with translations by bilingual adults known to the children. Beginning early in the school year, these eBooks were publicly shared in large group activities. The results showed that all emergent bilingual/biliterate children created dual-language recordings for their eBooks in Year 2. We concluded that: (a) the ability to integrate photos and voice recordings with print and drawings provided new opportunities for learning and teaching not available in page-based composing; (b) the affordances of iPads for children’s learning were shaped by local language and literacy practices.
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Cardinali, Renata Fabiana, and Maria Celina Barbeito. "Developing intonation skills in English: A systemic functional linguistics perspective." Global Journal of Foreign Language Teaching 8, no. 1 (March 12, 2018): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjflt.v8i1.3222.
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This paper explores whether the teaching of English intonation within the framework of systemic functional linguistics (SFL) contributes to the development of intonation skills of Argentine Spanish speakers to become teachers of English as a Foreign Language. The findings of the study that focused on the oral production of students in the first course of phonetics in the programme offered at the National University of Rio Cuarto are presented. This paper reports the analysis of recordings of first-year students reading an English text aloud and the results obtained in the pre- and post-tests reveal that there was improvement in students’ oral production such as in tone system considering the three systems of intonation in SFL after a series of training sessions. Hence, this approach seems promising for the development of intonation skills and oral skills in foreign language learners. These results favour for teacher trainers as well as for trainers
Keywords: EFL, intonation, systemic functional linguistics, teacher training.
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Quay, Suzanne. "The bilingual lexicon: implications for studies of language choice." Journal of Child Language 22, no. 2 (June 1995): 369–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000900009831.
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ABSTRACTLexical gaps in vocabulary development have been acknowledged as a reason for language mixing in young bilingual children. In spite of this, most studies do not take into account whether young bilinguals have the lexical resources to make a choice between their two languages. Inferences are nevertheless still being made about whether or not young bilinguals differentiate between their two languages based on language choice. It is widely believed, however, that young bilinguals do not have the resources to make lexical choices at a pre-syntactic stage of development before age two. A bilingual case study of an infant acquiring Spanish and English from birth to age 1;10 is used to address this issue. Daily diary records and weekly video recordings in the two language contexts are used to construct the child's lexicon and to establish that translation equivalents that make possible language choice are available from the beginning of speech. The results are used to discuss the importance of translation equivalents in the bilingual lexicon for viable interpretations of language choice.
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Figueiredo, Francisco José Quaresma de. "The use of project pedagogy in teletandem sessions." Domínios de Lingu@gem 18 (June 25, 2024): e1826. http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/dlv18a2024-26.
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This article describes an online language learning context in which teletandem sessions (Telles, 2009) have been integrated into the syllabus of a Modern Languages Degree Course at the Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Brazil, as an internationalization at home action. In the second semester of 2021, the subject “Aprendizaje de Portugués y Español en Teletandem” was offered with the participation of ten Brazilian students who were majoring in Spanish at the UFG, nine Argentine students from different undergraduate courses from the Universidad de Cuyo, and one undergraduate student from the Universidad de Buenos Aires. In this virtual learning context, the Brazilians could teach Portuguese to the Argentinians and improve their fluency in Spanish through interactions with them. They also had to develop a project about a chosen theme and work on it, considering the Brazilian and Argentine contexts. The data for this case study (Johnson, 1992) was obtained through video recordings of the interviews of two pairs of students. The results show that the participants could learn an additional language, improve their intercultural skills, and talk about real-world problems in Brazil and Argentina, like the lack of water in some cities, the devaluation of women’s work, etc. The students’ reflections on these topics made them more socially aware of living in a more harmonious world where diversity is highly valued.
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Grümpel, Claudia, Pamela Stoll, and José Luis Cifuentes Honrubia. "L3-Task: Language acquisition in a multilingual context." Revista Española de Lingüística Aplicada/Spanish Journal of Applied Linguistics 27, no. 2 (December 8, 2014): 382–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/resla.27.2.07gru.
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L3-Task is a pilot project based on a European project proposal by the University of Vienna (Austria), the University of Alicante (Spain), the University of Barcelona (Spain), the UNED of Madrid (Spain), and the University of Jena (Germany). The pilot project aimed at implementing and investigating peer-to-peer interaction between students of a third language (L3) through blended online tandems organized by the universities involved in the project, all of which offer formal courses of third languages. The present paper focusses on the participation in oral peer-to-peer interaction in German by students who are native speakers (NSs) of Spanish (L1), have studied English as a second language (L2) and are acquiring German as an L3 within a university program based on an A1 CEFR-based framework. In order to provide these non-native speakers (NNSs) of German with opportunities to develop oral competence, online tandems were organized with students at the University of Vienna who are NSs or near-native-speakers of German (NNSs-high). During their online encounter, the tandem partners carried out task-based interactions related to the formal German language course in university education. The interactions were carried out outside the classroom, and recorded and stored by the students themselves with the help of a common video-conference platform. In this article we present samples of transcribed interactions in German by 11 tandems composed of a NNS and a NS or NNS-high. The interactions were initially set up through the use of English, which is the tandem partners´ common L2.
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Fernández Polo, Francisco Javier. "Backchannels in video-mediated ELF conversations: a case study." Journal of English as a Lingua Franca 10, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 113–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jelf-2021-2055.
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Abstract There are few studies on backchannels in ELF and none concerns computer-mediated conversations. Backchannelling has been associated with good listenership and enhanced cooperativeness, an intrinsic feature of ELF. They would also play a key role in computer-mediated communication, maintaining a sense of affective equilibrium among participants and compensating for medium-related limitations. We analyze backchanneling in an ELF conversation between a Spanish female and a German male student from the Corpus of Video-Mediated English as a Lingua Franca Conversations (ViMELF). Backchanneling seems to be particularly intense in the opening and closing sections of the exchange, where interpersonal work is the most needed. While significant idiolectal differences are observed between the two participants, both show a marked preference for and a tendency to concentrate realizations on a few weak backchanneling forms, conferring the exchange a general impression of monotony and emotional flatness. Some backchanneling features in the exchange may be described as typical of ELF: backchannels tend to occur in moments when speakers sense that understanding may be compromised and are frequently complemented by supportive material reinforcing the speaker’s point. The analysis also reveals some characteristic awkward usage, with tokens which are clearly “overdone,” while others are too weak and disappointing or behave disruptively by occurring in unexpected positions and interrupting the flow of the conversation. Research on ELF video conversations is particularly timely given the recent surge in videoconferencing propitiated by the COVID pandemic, a tendency which is likely to stay in post-pandemic times.
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Hutin, Mathilde, and Marc Allassonnière-Tang. "Operation LiLi: Using Crowd-Sourced Data and Automatic Alignment to Investigate the Phonetics and Phonology of Less-Resourced Languages." Languages 7, no. 3 (September 8, 2022): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages7030234.
Full textAbstract:
Less-resourced languages are usually left out of phonetic studies based on large corpora. We contribute to the recent efforts to fill this gap by assessing how to use open-access, crowd-sourced audio data from Lingua Libre for phonetic research. Lingua Libre is a participative linguistic library developed by Wikimedia France in 2015. It contains more than 670k recordings in approximately 150 languages across nearly 740 speakers. As a proof of concept, we consider the Inventory Size Hypothesis, which predicts that, in a given system, variation in the realization of each vowel will be inversely related to the number of vowel categories. We investigate data from 10 languages with various numbers of vowel categories, i.e., German, Afrikaans, French, Catalan, Italian, Romanian, Polish, Russian, Spanish, and Basque. Audio files are extracted from Lingua Libre to be aligned and segmented using the Munich Automatic Segmentation System. Information on the formants of the vowel segments is then extracted to measure how vowels expand in the acoustic space and whether this is correlated with the number of vowel categories in the language. The results provide valuable insight into the question of vowel dispersion and demonstrate the wealth of information that crowd-sourced data has to offer.
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Behar, Solomon, Richard Benson II, Ami Kurzweil, Colleen Azen, and Alan L. Nager. "Use of an Emergency Medical Pictorial Communication Book During Simulated Disaster Conditions." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 7, no. 5 (August 20, 2013): 475–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2013.86.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractDuring disasters, the needs of victims outstrip available resources. Rapid assessment of patients must be performed; however, language barriers can be an impediment to efficient patient assessment, especially if interpreter resources are limited. Dependency on interpretive services requiring technology such a telephones, cell phones, and video conferencing may be inefficient, as they may be unavailable during disaster conditions. A low-tech, portable tool that aids in communication with non-English speakers would be beneficial. The medical emergency communication (MEC) book, developed at Children's Hospital Los Angeles, has the potential to be a useful tool in this capacity.The goal of this pilot study was to compare the accuracy of a newly developed disaster-focused medical history obtained from Spanish-speaking patients or caregivers using the MEC book, compared to a control group with whom no book was used. Our hypothesis was that use of the MEC book improves accuracy of medical history taking between English-only speaking health care workers and Spanish-speaking patients better than a monolingual clinician trying to take a medical history without it. We anticipated a higher overall score in the group of subjects whose histories were taken using the MEC book than in the control group. Patient satisfaction with the MEC book also was measured. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2013;0:1-6)
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Arumi Ribas, Marta, and Mireia Vargas-Urpi. "Strategies in public service interpreting." Interpreting. International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting 19, no. 1 (May 8, 2017): 118–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/intp.19.1.06aru.
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Strategies have been far more widely researched in conference interpreting than in the interactional setting of public service interpreting (PSI), although studies of the latter by Wadensjö and other authors suggest a strategic rationale for certain types of rendition (especially non-renditions). The present article describes an exploratory, qualitative study, based on roleplay, to identify strategies in PSI: the roleplays were designed to incorporate a variety of ‘rich points’, coinciding with peak demands on the interpreter’s problem-solving capacities and therefore particularly relevant to empirical study of interpreting strategies. Five interpreter-mediators with the Chinese–Spanish/Catalan language combination were each asked to interpret three different dialogues, in which the primary participants’ input was a re-enactment of real situations. Analysis of the transcribed video recordings was complemented by a preliminary questionnaire and by retrospective interviews with the interpreters. Their strategies, classified according to whether the problems concerned were essentially linguistic or involved the dynamics of interaction, in some cases reflect priorities typically associated with intercultural mediation. The advantages and limitations of using ‘rich points’ and roleplays in the study of interpreting strategies are briefly discussed
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Yakovleva, V. V., and R. R. Alimova. "Peculiarities of Verbal Communication of Some Youth Subcultural Representatives in Spain." Linguistics & Polyglot Studies 8, no. 1 (March 29, 2022): 114–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2022-1-30-114-121.
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This article is dedicated to the investigation of the most characteristic peculiarities of the identification mode of certain subcultural representatives compared to the main or dominant culture expression. To this end, the article analyses, firstly, the evolution of the term “culture” and the emergence of the “subculture” phenomenon, the history of the so-called urban tribes formation into a new social phenomenon, as well as the correlations between such concepts as “dominant culture” and “subculture”, “dominant culture” and “counterculture”. Secondly, in the article are described some vestimentary code features and the verbal realization of the identity of bakala, choni and cani subcultures, belonging to the so-called “poligono” groups, numerically superior to other groups composed by marginal young people. From the point of view of the language of these subcultures, they belong to the category of vernacular, based on a mixture of the Andalusian vernacular and a criminal slang. In this regard, the article considers the formation of the slang of similar social groups, the trends in their use of word-formation models and the grammatical design of sentences, as well as the graphical manifestation of their speech features using the examples from video and audio recordings of informants, interviews and blogs of the world youth fashion and showbusiness representatives. The study of a graphic speech representation can be used to investigate tendencies in word reduction or replacement with icons, as well as other features in the language of Internet forums, commentaries on publications and other forms of communication in the Internet.The relevance of this article is in the speech analysis of modern Spanish subcultural representatives that have emerged over two decades and existed in all major cities of Spain, have a certain influence on the speech behavior of politicians and have given new lexical units included in the Royal Spanish Academy dictionary. The article contains not only linguistic, but also extralinguistic material, which can be used in lexicology, linguistic studies, linguoculturology and in the teaching of related disciplines and may be of interest to a wide audience studying Spanish.
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Ávila-Cabrera, José Javier. "Reverse Subtitling in the ESP Class to Improve Written Skills in English." Journal of Audiovisual Translation 4, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 27–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.47476/jat.v4i1.2021.22.
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The improvement of foreign language (L2) skills is of paramount importance in the university context, and a considerable number of students lack linguistic proficiency in their oral and written communication skills. This lack of proficiency needs to be properly addressed and methodologies employed in order to help students improve such skills. There are many cases in which international students, whose cultural background is either European or Asian, need to improve their oral and written production in English as an L2. This paper presents a study conducted at the Universidad Complutense de Madrid throughout the 2017–2018 academic year, in which a number of undergraduate students enrolled in English for Specific Purposes (ESP) used reverse subtitling, from Spanish or Chinese into English, as a learning tool. The main focus of this case study was to enable students to improve their written skills in English through the combined use of Business English and reverse subtitling in accordance with the course content and expectations. A mixed method was used in order to gather and evaluate quantitative and qualitative data. This study therefore aims to bring to the fore the potential of using reverse subtitling in the ESP class. Lay summary Improvement in written and oral skills is a universal task for all university students studying a foreign language. Their goal is to work toward improving their skills in English for Specific Purposes (ESP) by completing the tasks proposed by their lecturers in the subject in which they are enrolled. One of these skills is writing, which is a production skill that requires the lecturer’s supervision. The aim of this paper is to present a study centred on the improvement of written skills in the class of ESP with a majority of students from Spain and a minority from China. The study took place in the 2017–2018 academic year at the Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain. Participants submitted compositions in English relating to business and commerce. In addition, they used subtitling as a pedagogical tool to improve their written production in ESP. This practice consisted of transferring the original oral text of a video into subtitles, from Spanish to English (in the case of Spanish speakers) and from Chinese into English (for Chinese speakers). By doing so, we compared quantitative data obtained from the tasks submitted by students, and qualitative data in the form of participant questionnaires in order to observe improvement in their skills. We aim to highlight the pedagogical potential of subtitling for the improvement of written skills in ESP.
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Sabaliauskienė, Rima, Gintarė Gelūnaitė-Malinauskienė, and Jūratė Andriuškevičienė. "Advertising As A Reflection of Culture in Foreign Language Teaching." Sustainable Multilingualism 14, no. 1 (May 1, 2019): 160–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sm-2019-0008.
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Summary The ability to communicate in several foreign languages, recognize and understand cultural differences and effectively interact in a multicultural environment has become vital in the modern world that faces intense globalization processes. Linguistic and intercultural competences are essential not only for establishing personal relationships with foreigners but also for developing successful business relationships. At the Institute of Foreign Languages at Vytautas Magnus University (hereafter - VMU IFL), Spanish and German languages remain in the top five of the most popular languages among 30 languages available to students. These languages are chosen not only by Lithuanian students but also by foreign students who come to study in Lithuania. Most exchange students who come to study at VMU choose to study the Lithuanian language as well. In addition to the development of language skills in a learning process, the new concept of language teaching / learning, market trends and the great interest of students and the public in languages lead to the development of topics related to culture and intercultural communication and efforts to reveal peculiarities of the new culture in the common European and native country context. Based on the theories of different authors on the connection between culture and language and intercultural differences, the article discusses the possibilities of using commercials (video recordings of advertisements) to get acquainted with the culture in foreign language lectures. A comparative analysis of examples selected from commercials available online and revealing certain cultural aspects of the three countries (Spain, Lithuania and Germany) that allow to understand the target culture better is presented in this article. The aim is to reveal how a teacher, knowing the theories of cultural differences, can use commercials for the development of students’ linguistic and also cultural and intercultural competences.