Journal articles: 'SPAM FILTER SOFTWARE'

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Caha, Tomáš, and Martin Kovařík. "Spam filter based on geographical location of the sender." Journal of Electrical Engineering 73, no. 4 (August 1, 2022): 292–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jee-2022-0038.

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Abstract Spam annoys users and poses a security threat. This article proposes a spam filter based on geographical location of the sender determined by IP geolocation. This filter was implemented as a plugin to the SpamAssassin anti-spam software. The plugin allows to define a penalty score for specific countries sending spam. The proposed filter was tested on a dataset of 1500 e-mails consisting of 1200 spam and 300 legitimate e-mails. The Matthews correlation coefficient of the filter has a value of 0.222. This indicates that the proposed spam filter contributes to the correct spam filtering.

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Xiong, Yanzhi, and Tianlan Wei. "Probalistic model of spam filter system." Applied and Computational Engineering 6, no. 1 (June 14, 2023): 382–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/6/20230812.

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Numerous tasks have been carried out using probabilistic reasoning, including picture recognition, computer diagnosis, stock price prediction, movie recommendation, and cyber intrusion detection. But until recently, the breadth of probabilistic programming was constrained (partly because of the low processing power), and the majority of inference methods had to be created manually for every job. Nevertheless, in 2015, 3D representations of human faces were created from 2D photographs of such faces using a 50-line probabilistic computer vision software. The inference approach of the software, which was developed in Julia using the Picture package, was based on inverted graphics. "What used to require thousands of lines of code" might now be accomplished in just 50. Probabilistic computing is a method to create systems that help us make decisions in the face of uncertainty. In this paper we propose a spam-filtering system. The novelty of our spam-filtering system is that we utilize probabilistic programming to improve spam-filtering reasoning systems. We implement several factors from email to establish a model to get the output. Our preliminary results show that we successfully accomplish a spam-filtering system. More problem of classification of spam filter can be described in a probabilistic modelling language in our future work.

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Roy, Pradeep Kumar, Jyoti Prakash Singh, and Snehasish Banerjee. "Deep learning to filter SMS Spam." Future Generation Computer Systems 102 (January 2020): 524–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2019.09.001.

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Li, Kang, and Zhenyu Zhong. "Fast statistical spam filter by approximate classifications." ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review 34, no. 1 (June 26, 2006): 347–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1140103.1140317.

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Zhong, Zhenyu, and Kang Li. "Speed Up Statistical Spam Filter by Approximation." IEEE Transactions on Computers 60, no. 1 (January 2011): 120–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tc.2010.92.

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Yue, Xun, Ajith Abraham, Zhong-Xian Chi, Yan-You Hao, and Hongwei Mo. "Artificial immune system inspired behavior-based anti-spam filter." Soft Computing 11, no. 8 (September 2, 2006): 729–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00500-006-0116-0.

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Mizuno, Osamu, and Michi Nakai. "Can Faulty Modules Be Predicted by Warning Messages of Static Code Analyzer?" Advances in Software Engineering 2012 (May 10, 2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/924923.

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We have proposed a detection method of fault-prone modules based on the spam filtering technique, “Fault-prone filtering.” Fault-prone filtering is a method which uses the text classifier (spam filter) to classify source code modules in software. In this study, we propose an extension to use warning messages of a static code analyzer instead of raw source code. Since such warnings include useful information to detect faults, it is expected to improve the accuracy of fault-prone module prediction. From the result of experiment, it is found that warning messages of a static code analyzer are a good source of fault-prone filtering as the original source code. Moreover, it is discovered that it is more effective than the conventional method (that is, without static code analyzer) to raise the coverage rate of actual faulty modules.

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Akinyemi, Bodunde O., Oluwatoyin H. Odukoya, Mistura L. Sanni, Gilbert Sewagnon, and Ganiyu A. Aderounmu. "Performance Evaluation of Machine Learning based Robocalls Detection Models in Telephony Networks." International Journal of Computer Network and Information Security 14, no. 6 (December 8, 2022): 37–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5815/ijcnis.2022.06.04.

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Many techniques have been proposed to detect and prevent spam over Internet telephony. Human spam calls can be detected more accurately with these techniques. However, robocalls, a type of voice spammer whose calling patterns are similar to those of legitimate users, cannot be detected as effectively. This paper proposes a model for robocall detection using a machine learning approach. Voice data recordings were collected and the relevant features for study were selected. The selected features were then used to formulate six (6) detection models. The formulated models were simulated and evaluated using some performance metrics to ascertain the model with the best performance. The C4.5 decision tree algorithm gave the best evaluation result with an accuracy of 99.15%, a sensitivity of 0.991%, a false alarm rate of 0.009%, and a precision of 0.992%. As a result, it was concluded that this approach can be used to detect and filter both machine-initiated and human-initiated spam calls.

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Tian, Juan, and Yingxiang Li. "Convolutional Neural Networks for Steganalysis via Transfer Learning." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 33, no. 02 (October 24, 2018): 1959006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001419590067.

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Recently, a large number of studies have shown that Convolutional Neural Networks are effective for learning features automatically for steganalysis. This paper uses the transfer learning method to help the training of CNNs for steganalysis. First, a Gaussian high-pass filter is designed for pretreatment of the images, that can enhance the weak stego noise in the stegos. Then, the classical Inception-V3 model is improved, and the improved network is used for steganalysis through the method of transfer learning. In order to test the effectiveness of the developed model, two spatial domain content-adaptive steganographic algorithms WOW and S-UNIWARD are used. The results imply that the proposed CNN achieves a better performance at low embedding rates compared with the SRM with ensemble classifiers and the SPAM implemented with a Gaussian SVM on BOSSbase. Finally, a steganalysis system based on the trained model was designed. Through experiments, the generalization ability of the system was tested and discussed.

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Sivakumar, Arunachalam, Muthamizhan Thiyagarajan, and Karthick Kanagarathinam. "Mitigation of supply current harmonics in fuzzy-logic based 3-phase induction motor." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 14, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v14.i1.pp266-274.

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A parallel active power filter is employed to enrich the quality of power in the power grid with non-linear loads. The induction motor drive requires better performance in many applications. The overall performance enhancement is performed by mitigating the delivery of current harmonics and related warmness losses in an induction motor. In this paper, comprehensive performance evaluation of a 3-phase induction motor is mentioned with fuzzy logic controller-based shunt active filter (SAF), and the outcomes are compared with proportional integral (PI) and proportional derivative controller (PID) controller. In this work, a new scheme of shunt active filters is connected at the supply side of the vertical speed indicator VSI fed induction motor. The simulation was performed by a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) based 3-f induction motor drive (IMD) using parallel SAF. Simulation result from MATLAB/Simulink software has been presented to understand the reduction in harmonics by introducing an active filter near the supply side. A fuzzy suitable judgment controller is brought on this work to develop the induction motor dynamic response. Analysis of the simulation outcomes, the usage of MATLAB/Simulink software program for the proposed FLC managed induction motor had been demonstrated and overall performance enhancement of induction motor was discussed.

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Basto-Fernandes, Vitor, Iryna Yevseyeva, and José R. Méndez. "Optimization of Anti-Spam Systems with Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithms." Information Resources Management Journal 26, no. 1 (January 2013): 54–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/irmj.2013010105.

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In this paper anti-spam filtering is presented as a cumbersome service, as opposed to a software product perspective. The huge human effort for setting up, adaptation, maintenance, and tuning of filters for spam detection in anti-spam systems is explained. Choosing the best importance scores for the spam filters is essential for the accuracy of any rules based anti-spam system, and is also one of the biggest challenges in this research area. Optimal filters score settings for Apache SpamAssassin project (the most widely adopted anti-spam open-source software) is addressed. In addition to a survey done on single/multi-objective optimization research in this area, we also present a study for filters score setting using multiobjective optimization based on two most representative evolutionary algorithms, NSGA II and SPEA2. Problem description, simulation and results analysis is done for SpamAssassin public mail corpus which is widely used for benchmarking purposes.

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Rosli, Nurshamimi, Siti Aminah Md Akhir, Siti Zuraidah Ibrahim, Nur Baya Mohd Hashim, and Nurehansafwanah Khalid. "Design of compact multi-mode microstrip resonator filters for dual-band application." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 13, no. 2 (February 1, 2019): 696. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v13.i2.pp696-701.

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This paper presents the design of compact multi-mode microstrip resonator filters for dual-band application. The design is simulated using Advanced Design System (ADS) 2016 software. The benefit of the proposed filter is found to have a dual-mode frequency, where the odd-mode resonant frequency is the fundamental frequency represented by the length of the resonator while the even-mode resonant frequency is represented by the length of the stub. To validate the design, a prototype is fabricated on Rogers RO4003C substrate and measured using PNA Network Analyzer.

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Gottzén, Lucas. "Self-Regulating or Supervised Boys?" Boyhood Studies 16, no. 1 (June 1, 2023): 18–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/bhs.2023.160103.

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Abstract This article analyzes debates about online pornography filters and youth in the Swedish press between 2016 and 2020, focusing on the depiction of boys and young men. Critics of filtering software argued that boys could self-regulate if they were provided better sex education and if parents communicated with them about pornography. In contrast, advocates posited that boys are incapable of developing healthy sexuality because online pornography is a powerful drug that leads to addiction and contributes to a rape culture. As boys were considered unable to get a filter “in their head,” proponents argued for disciplinary supervision through software in schools.

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Hasan, Khamees Khalaf, Ibrahim Khalil Salih, and Abdumuttalib A. Hussen. "Energy and Area Effective Hardware Design of Lifting Approach Discrete Wavelet Transform." International Journal of Reconfigurable and Embedded Systems (IJRES) 7, no. 3 (January 23, 2019): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijres.v7.i3.pp197-206.

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This paper presents low power Discrete Wavelet Transform DWT architecture, comprising of forward and inverse multilevel transform for 5/3 lifting scheme LS based wavelet transform filter. This LS filter consists of integer adder units and binary shifter rather than multiplier and divider units as in the convolution based filters; hence it is more adaptable to energy efficient hardware performance. The proposed architecture is described using the VHDL based methodology. This VHDL code has been simulated and synthesized to achieve the gate level building design which can be organized to be effectively developed in hardware environment. The Quartus II 9.1 software synthesis tools were employed to implement 2D-DWT VHDL codes in Altera Development board DE2, with Cyclone II FPGA device. The proposed LS wavelet architectures can be attained by focusing on the physical FPGA devices to considerably decrease the needed hardware expenditure and power consumption of the design. The utilized logic and register elements of the architecture are 127 slices (only 1%) usage from 33216 and the architecture consumes only 0.033 W. Simulations were performed using different sizes of gray scale images that authenticate the proposed design and attain a speed performance appropriate for numerous real-time applications.

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Hasan, Khamees Khalaf, Ibrahim Khalil Salih, and Abdumuttalib A. Hussen. "Energy and Area Effective Hardware Design of Lifting Approach Discrete Wavelet Transform." International Journal of Reconfigurable and Embedded Systems (IJRES) 7, no. 3 (January 23, 2019): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijres.v7.i3.pp203-214.

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This paper presents low power Discrete Wavelet Transform DWT architecture, comprising of forward and inverse multilevel transform for 5/3 lifting scheme LS based wavelet transform filter. This LS filter consists of integer adder units and binary shifter rather than multiplier and divider units as in the convolution based filters; hence it is more adaptable to energy efficient hardware performance. The proposed architecture is described using the VHDL based methodology. This VHDL code has been simulated and synthesized to achieve the gate level building design which can be organized to be effectively developed in hardware environment. The Quartus II 9.1 software synthesis tools were employed to implement 2D-DWT VHDL codes in Altera Development board DE2, with Cyclone II FPGA device. The proposed LS wavelet architectures can be attained by focusing on the physical FPGA devices to considerably decrease the needed hardware expenditure and power consumption of the design. The utilized logic and register elements of the architecture are 127 slices (only 1%) usage from 33216 and the architecture consumes only 0.033 W. Simulations were performed using different sizes of gray scale images that authenticate the proposed design and attain a speed performance appropriate for numerous real-time applications.

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Rolando, Pierluigi, Riccardo Sisto, and Fulvio Risso. "SPAF: Stateless FSA-Based Packet Filters." IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking 19, no. 1 (February 2011): 14–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2010.2056698.

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Ali, Mohamoud Mouse, Siti Zuraidah Ibrahim, Ismahayati Adam, and Nurehansafwanah Khalid. "Design and development of RF power detector for microwave application." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 13, no. 2 (February 1, 2019): 713. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v13.i2.pp713-720.

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This paper presents the design and development of the RF power detector for microwave applications that is operating at 2.4GHz using microstrip. The design of diode detector circuit is simulated using Keysight ADS software tool. The design of the diode detector includes the matching network, Schottky diode and the low pass filter. The paper also presents the fabrication and measurement of the designed circuit.

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P., Sandhya, and Nagaraj R. "Modeling of hybrid active power filter using artificial intelligence controller: hardware and software prospective." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 12, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 2545. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v12.i4.pp2545-2556.

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The power factor is a significant concern in power systems. The significant power loss occurred due to electronic and electrical equipment damages affected by the deviation of physical characteristics, including voltage, current, and frequency parameters.The power loss and quality issues were resolved by introducing filtering techniques in electronic and electrical equipment. Many filtering techniques include passive filtering (PF), Active power filter (APF), and many hybrid approaches are already available. Most of these methods use proper compensation controlling approaches and failed to minimize the total harmonic distortion (THD), and harmonic mitigation in power systems has its best. In this article, an efficient Hybrid-APF using Artificial-Neuro Fuzzy interface system (ANFIS) for software and hardware perspective is designed. The proposed approach uses hybrid controlling strategies which include PI with artificial intelligence (ANFIS) controller, to control the power losses for H-APF. Additionally, current compensation is achieved by PQ-theory, followed by Hysteresis-Current- Controller (HCC). The hardware architecture of ANFIS with HCC is designed to improve the chip-area for real-time power applications.The present work analyzed by simulating the voltage and current waveform. The proposed-H-APF using ANFIS controller, both software and hardware approaches, is compared with other control techniques like H-APF with PI and Fuzzy logic controller by concerning THD,Reactive power, and Different Harmonics and loads improvements.

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Jakobsson, Markus, and William Leddy. "Could you fall for a scam? Spam filters are passe. What we need is software that unmasks fraudsters." IEEE Spectrum 53, no. 5 (May 2016): 40–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mspec.2016.7459118.

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Narayan, Shama Bekal, and Savitha Halkare Mahabaleshwara. "An approach for radiation dose reduction in computerized tomography." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 13, no. 1 (February 1, 2023): 1169. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v13i1.pp1169-1179.

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Minimization of radiation dose plays an important role in human wellbeing. Excess of radiation dose leads to cancer. Radiation greatly affects young children less than 10 years of age as their life span is longer. Radiation can be reduced by hardware and/or by software techniques. Hardware methods deal with variation of parameters such as tube voltage, tube current, exposure time, focal distance and filter type. Software techniques include image processing methods. The originally acquired X-ray images may be contaminated with noise due to the fact of instability in the case of sensors, electrical power or X-ray source, that is responsible for the degradation of the image attributes. An enhanced image denoising algorithm has been proposed which decreases Gaussian noise combined with salt and pepper noise that retains most information particulars.

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Payudan, Aniti, Aris Haryadi, and Farzand Abdullatif. "OPTIMIZATION OF COLLIMATOR NEUTRON DESIGN FOR BORON NEUTRON-CAPTURE CANCER THERAPY (BNCT) BASED CYCLOTRON 30 MeV." Indonesian Journal of Physics and Nuclear Applications 2, no. 3 (October 30, 2017): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.24246/ijpna.v2i3.128-136.

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This research in BNCT has a goal to design a collimator that can be used for cancer therapy. Simulations were carried out by MCNPX software. A collimator is designed by cyclotron 30 MeV as a neutron generator. Independent variables varied were material and thickness of each collimator’s component to get five of IAEA’s standard of the neutron beam. The result is two collimator designs that can pass all IAEA’s standard. Those designs are cyclotron collimator I and cyclotron collimator II. Collimator designs obtained are tube collimator consisting of a cylindrical target 7Be length of 1.4 cm and radius 1 cm, a lead wall with thickness 23 cm, cylindrical heavy water moderator (D2O) with radius 3 cm. Filter Cd-nat for cyclotron collimator I with a thickness of 1 mm and a radius 3 cm. Cyclotron collimator II uses 60Ni with a thickness of 5 cm as a filter. The radius aperture is 3 cm. These two collimator designs can be used for cancer treatment with BNCT. Dosimetry calculation and manufacture of prototypes are needed to test the application of this design.

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Abubakar, Shamsuddeen Muhammad, and Zahraddeen Sufyanu. "Comparisons of Filter, Wrapper and Embedded-Based Feature Selection Techniques for Consistency of Software Metrics Analysis." SLU Journal of Science and Technology 4, no. 1&2 (July 20, 2022): 188–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.56471/slujst.v4i.238.

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Identifying and selecting the most consistent subset of metrics which improves the performance of software defect prediction model is paramount but challenging problem as it receives little attention in literature. The current research aimed at investigating the consistency of subsets of metrics that are produced by embedded feature selection techniques. Ten (10) feature selection techniques used from the families of filter and wrapper-based feature selection techniques commonly used in the defect prediction domain. Ten (10) publicly available defect datasets were studied which span both proprietary and open source domains. SVM-RFE-RF presented 42-93% consistent metrics across datasets. While the prior study on non-Embedded produced 56.5% consistent metrics at median. SVM-RFE-LF approach of Embedded Feature Selection Technique produced 54-80% consistent metrics across datasets and 42.5% at median. To state the purpose of tittle has been achieved Embedded based Feature Selection Techniques produced most efficient consistent subset selection across the entire datasets and amongst the feature selection techniques as compared with counterpart filter and wrapper-based feature selection techniques

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Ezpeleta, Enaitz, Iñaki Garitano, Urko Zurutuza, and José María Gómez Hidalgo. "Short Messages Spam Filtering Combining Personality Recognition and Sentiment Analysis." International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems 25, Suppl. 2 (December 2017): 175–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218488517400177.

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Currently, short communication channels are growing up due to the huge increase in the number of smartphones and online social networks users. This growth attracts malicious campaigns, such as spam campaigns, that are a direct threat to the security and privacy of the users. While most researches are focused on automatic text classification, in this work we demonstrate the possibility of improving current short messages spam detection systems using a novel method. We combine personality recognition and sentiment analysis techniques to analyze Short Message Services (SMS) texts. We enrich a publicly available dataset adding these features, first separately and after in combination, of each message to the dataset, creating new datasets. We apply several combinations of the best SMS spam classifiers and filters to each dataset in order to compare the results of each one. Taking into account the experimental results we analyze the real inuence of each feature and the combination of both. At the end, the best results are improved in terms of accuracy, reaching to a 99.01% and the number of false positive is reduced.

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Asuntha A and Andy Srinivasan. "Lung cancer detection using Adaptive Bilateral Filter (ABF) techniques." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 10, no. 3 (July 12, 2019): 1857–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v10i3.1383.

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Lung cancer plays a major role among the people who are affected with cancer. The major reason is the presence of nodule in a lung region. Early diagnosis of this nodule may decrease the severity also increase the life span of a patient. In this paper, a methodology is proposed to detect the lung nodule and nodule region using texture features. Various image processing techniques are used in this paper. CT images are taken as input over MRI because of its advantages over less exposure of radiation[4]. The given input image is denoised by using adaptive bilateral filter and image contrast is improved by the histogram equalization technique. Superpixel segmentation is used for the segmentation process. A Simulation process has been done using MATLAB software.

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Chernikova, Oksana Sergeevna, and Yuliya Sergeevna Chetvertakova. "Two-stage parametric identification procedure to predict satellite orbital motion." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 12, no. 5 (October 1, 2022): 5348. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v12i5.pp5348-5354.

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The paper presents a new step-by-step procedure for constructing a navigation satellite motion model. At the first stage of the procedure, the parameters of the radiation pressure model are estimated using the maximum likelihood method. The statistic estimator based on the continuous-discrete adaptive unscented Kalman filter is proposed for the solar radiation model parameters estimation. Step-by-step scheme of filtering algorithm used for the software development are given. At the second stage, the parameters of the unaccounted perturbations model are estimated based on the results of residual differences measurements. The obtained results lead to signiﬁcant improvement of prediction quality of the satellite trajectory.

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Sreeharsha, Pasumarthi Babu, and Venkata Ratnam Devanaboyina. "Fuzzy Logic-based Adaptive Extended Kalman Filter Algorithm for GNSS Receivers." Defence Science Journal 68, no. 6 (October 31, 2018): 560. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.68.12313.

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Designing robust carrier tracking algorithms that are operable in strident environmental conditions for global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) receivers is the discern task. Major contribution in weakening the GNSS signals are ionospheric scintillations. The effect of scintillation can be known by amplitude scintillation index S4 and phase scintillation index sf parameters. The proposed fuzzy logic based adaptive extended Kalman filter (AEKF) method helps in modelling the signal amplitude and phase dynamically by Auto-Regressive Exogenous (ARX) analysis using Sugeno fuzzy logic inference system. The algorithm gave good performance evaluation for synthetic Cornell scintillation monitor (CSM) data and real-time strong scintillated PRN 12 L1 C/A data on October 24th, 2012 around 21:30 h, Brazil local time collected by GNSS software navigation receiver (GSNR’x). Fuzzy logic algorithm is implemented for selecting the ARX orders based on estimated amplitude and phase ionospheric scintillation observations. Fuzzy based AEKF algorithm has the capability to mitigate ionospheric scintillations under both geomagnetic quiet and disturbed conditions.

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Pang, Xiaoying, Christoph Olczak, and Rainer Spurzem. "GalevNB: GALEV for N-body simulations." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 10, S312 (August 2014): 258–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921315007978.

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AbstractWe report on GalevNB (Galev for N-body simulations), an integrated software solution that provides N-body users direct access to the software package GALEV (GALaxy EVolutionary synthesis models). GalevNB is developed for the purpose of a direct comparison between N-body simulations and observations. It converts the fundamental stellar properties of N-body simulations, i.e., stellar mass, temperature, stellar luminosity and metallicity, into observational magnitudes for a variety of filters of widely used instruments/telescopes (HST, ESO, SDSS, 2MASS), and into spectra that span from far-UV (90 Å) to near-IR (160 μm).

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Caballero-Gil, P., and A. Fúster-Sabater. "A wide family of nonlinear filter functions with a large linear span." Information Sciences 164, no. 1-4 (August 2004): 197–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2003.06.002.

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Amirnudin, Amirul Adlan, Farahiyah Mustafa, Anis Maisarah Mohd Asry, and Sy Yi Sim. "Vibration Based Energy Harvesting Interface Circuit using Diode-Capacitor Topologies for Low Power Applications." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 8, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 1943. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v8.i4.pp1943-1947.

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A battery-less energy harvesting interface circuit to extract electrical energy from vibration has been proposed in this paper for low power applications. The voltage doubler integrated with DC – DC boost converter circuits were designed and simulated using MultiSIM software. The circuit was then fabricated onto a printed circuit board (PCB), using standard fabrication process. The Cockcroft Walton doubler was chosen to be implemented in this study by utilizing diode-capacitor topologies with additional RC low pass filter. The DC – DC boost converter has been designed using a CMOS step -up DC – DC switching regulators, which are suitable for low input voltage system. The achievement of this interface circuit was able to boost up the maximum voltage of 5 V for input voltage of 800 mV.

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Lee, Y. S., F. H. Wee, K. Y. You, Z. Liyana, C. Y. Lee, Mas Elyna Azol, M. H. Ramli, et al. "Study of single layer microwave absorber based on rice husk Ash/CNTs composites." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 14, no. 2 (May 1, 2019): 929. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v14.i2.pp929-936.

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This paper presents the study of microwave absorption single layer microwave absorber based on rice husk ash (RHA) with additional carbon nanotubes (CNTs) filler loading into the composites. The relative permittivity of RHA and CNTs composites (RHA/CNTs) were measured by using Agilent high temperature probe and 85070E software. The CST-MWS software is used to design and evaluate the microwave absorption of RHA and RHA/CNTs with metal backed plate. The microwave absorption of simulated and measured results is compared. The RHA microwave absorber only absorbed maximum, -8 dB at 10.8 GHz of the incident electromagnetic radiation and the RHA/CNTs absorbed less than -15 dB with wider bandwidth over 10.8 GHz to 12.8 GHz compare with RHA composites single layer microwave absorber. The results indicated that the RHA/CNTs composites have enhanced the microwave absorption of RHA composites.

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Van, Chi Nguyen, Lam Huong Duong, Yen Duy Dao, and Thanh Ngo Phuong. "A design of soft-gauge for elevator vibration analysis based on low-cost accelerometer MMA7361L and LabVIEW." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 12, no. 6 (December 1, 2022): 5890. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v12i6.pp5890-5899.

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This paper presents a design of soft-gauge using the low-cost triple-axis accelerometer MMA7361L and LabVIEW software for the purpose of elevator vibration analysis with accuracy according to national standards. The 3-dimensional vibration signals measured and collected respectively by MMA7361L and NI USB6009 are fed into a soft-gauge programmed on LabVIEW to filter, then the fast Fourier transform (FFT) is applied to determine the power spectral density (PSD) and spectrogram of vibrations of filtered vibration signals. The soft-gauge also allows real-time 3-dimensional vibration data to be recorded, this data is used for analyzing later by another professional data software. Practical test results applied for the elevator of the DONGA Plaza building show quite good vibration analysis. Class 1.5 accuracy of the soft-gauge can be obtained by experimental test. This is a fairly cost-effective and inexpensive application that can be made in conditions with limited funds that cannot afford expensive accelerometers in the training of vibration measurement and analysis in high schools and vocational schools in developing countries, like Vietnam.

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Meftouhi, Abdelmalek, Othmane Abdelkhalek, Ahmed Allali, Abdallah Ben Abdelkader, and Toufik Toumi. "PV integrated series active filter for sag voltage and harmonic compensation." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 10, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 1255. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v10.i3.pp1255-1262.

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The use of loads in the past few days is becoming vast, giving an alarm signal to the power system and electronics engineers in terms of power quality. Due to the large amount of non-linear power electronics, utilities frequently experience voltage and harmonic distortions every day. In this paper, the combination of the Series active power filter SAPF with a PV source is deliberated. The PV based on the SAPF aims to compensate voltage deviations or disturbances that occur in the system caused by power quality issues. The proposed system consists of a PV source connected to the DC link through two dc-dc converters, the first extracts the maximum power of the PV source through pulse with modulation PWM signals generated from the maximum power point tracker MPPT controller. Thus, the second converter is used to regulate the high voltage side of the converter through closed control loops using Fuzzy Logic Controller FLC, in addition to a voltage source inverter VSI and a series injection transformer. Despite of fluctuations of the DC link during the compensation of the needed energy, MPPT and closed control loops generate PWM signals to the switching devices of dc-dc boost converters in order to extract maximum PV power and to maintain the bus voltage within its limits and around its reference values respectively. The proposed topology is simulated in Matlab Simulink software, where simulation results show that the proposed PV based SAPF can efficiently reduce problems of voltage sag and harmonic.

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M. Abduldaim, Areej, Asma Abdulelah Abdulrahman, and Fouad Shaker Tahir. "The effectiveness of discrete hermite wavelet filters technique in digital image watermarking." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 25, no. 3 (March 1, 2022): 1392. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v25.i3.pp1392-1399.

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In this work, new discrete wavelets were derived Hermite polynomials for obtained discrete hermite wavelet transformation (DHWT), and their efficiency for use in image processing is demonstrated by proving the realization of important theorems. Moreover, the role of the new and proposed waveforms in their effective effect in placing the watermark with the color image is clarified, and a program was created using MATLAB software by creating a subprogram for constructing the new wavelet and proving its efficiency with an analytic image. The process is repeated using DHWT to analyze the image. The color image has been subjected to various attacks after which the watermark is retrieved from the image after comparing it with the proposed algorithm and it has proven its power faster and better than the previously suggested methods. The final conclusion shows that using new wavelets DHWT better peak signal of noise ratio (PSNR)s can be obtained and that the proposed algorithm fills in better the lack of awareness of the watermark and its strength under different attacks.

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Haider Abdulredah, Sarah, and Dheyaa Jasim Kadhim. "Developing a real time navigation for the mobile robots at unknown environments." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 20, no. 1 (October 1, 2020): 500. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i1.pp500-509.

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This research deals with the feasibility of a mobile robot to navigate and discover its location at unknown environments, and then constructing maps of these navigated environments for future usage. In this work, we proposed a modified Extended Kalman Filter- Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (EKF-SLAM) technique which was implemented for different unknown environments containing a different number of landmarks. Then, the detectable landmarks will play an important role in controlling the overall navigation process and EKF-SLAM technique’s performance. MATLAB simulation results of the EKF-SLAM technique come with better performance as compared with an odometry approach performance in terms of measuring the mean square error, especially when increasing the number of landmarks. After that, we simulate and evaluate a mobile robot platform named TurtleBot2e in Gazebo simulator software to achieve the using of the SLAM technique for a different environment using the Rviz library which was built on Robot Operating System in Linux. The main conclusion comes with this work is the simulation and implementation of the SLAM technique using two software platforms separately (MATLAB and ROS) in different unknown environments containing a different number of landmarks so a few number of landmark will make the mobile robot loses its path.

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Janyavula, Deepthi, and Satyendra Nath Saxena. "Unbalanced Variable Nonlinear Load Compensation Using Multiple Shunt Active Filters." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 5, no. 5 (October 1, 2015): 896. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v5i5.pp896-904.

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The proposed scheme has considered a three-phase four-wire system, which experienced sag and swell in source voltage for a certain period while feeding an unbalanced and variable non-linear load. The load has unequal resistive and reactive elements in the three phases, forming the unbalanced component. A three-phase silicon controlled rectifier converter with adjustable firing angle connected to the load has formed the variable non-linear component. This has been considered, so as to simulate the unbalanced and variable non-linear nature of loads in real-time power system. The trends in the total harmonic distortion variation were obtained for the proposed system under power factor correction and voltage regulation mode operation when the load-side converter firing angles of 30°, 60° and 90° were considered using MATLAB/SIMULINK software. Three pulse-width-modulation methods, namely, sinusoidal pulse-width-modulation, space vector modulation and hysteresis pulse-width-modulation have been used to generate pulses for the voltage source converter of the shunt active filter based on the reference currents generated using synchronous reference frame theory. It has been demonstrated in the proposed paper that power factor correction, voltage regulation, better harmonic reduction and hence load compensation are obtained simultaneously by using two SAFs.

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Satirapod, Chalermchon, and Somchai Kriengkraiwasin. "Performance of Open Source Precise Point Positioning Software Using Single-Frequency GPS Data." Artificial Satellites 41, no. 2 (January 1, 2006): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10018-007-0008-2.

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Performance of Open Source Precise Point Positioning Software Using Single-Frequency GPS Data This research aims to assess the performance of GPS Precise Point Positioning (PPP) with code and carrier phase observations from L1 signal collected from geodetic GPS receiver around the world. A simple PPP software developed for processing the single frequency GPS data is used as a main tool to assess a positioning accuracy. The precise orbit and precise satellite clock corrections were introduced into the software to reduce the orbit and satellite clock errors, while ionosphere-free code and phase observations were constructed to mitigate the ionospheric delay. The remaining errors (i.e. receiver clock error, ambiguity term) are estimated using Extended Kalman Filter technique. The data retrieved from 5 IGS stations located in different countries were used in this study. In addition, three different periods of data were downloaded for each station. The obtained data were then cut into 5-min, 10-min, 15-min and 30-min data segments, and each data segment was individually processed with the developed PPP software to produce final coordinates. Results indicate that the use of 5-min data span can provide a horizontal positioning accuracy at the same level as a pseudorange-based differential GPS technique. Furthermore, results confirm effects of station location and seasonal variation on obtainable accuracies.

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Awalludin, A., and C. L. Toh. "Harmonic Mitigation in Traction Supply Substation Using Cascaded H-Bridge Converter." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 9, no. 4 (December 1, 2018): 1745. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v9.i4.pp1745-1754.

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The conventional three-level inverter has been proposed to act as a recuperating converter in Traction Supply Substation. This converter is mainly used to feed back the regenerative braking energy to the grid. However, passive filter is desired to mitigate the current and voltage harmonics. Therefore, this paper investigates the possibility to use a seven-level Cascaded H-Bridge (CHB) converter as the recuperating converter without additional filtering. The proposed converter is modeled with MATLAB/Simulink simulation software. It is then simulated with two potential modulation schemes, namely Phase-Shifted PWM (PS-PWM) and Phase-Disposition PWM (PD-PWM). The quality of AC waveforms produced by these two modulation methods is compared and studied. The results show that PS-PWM technique is preferable for this application as it offered a clean AC current waveform with less than 5% harmonic distortion. However, a twenty-one-level CHB was predicted to comply with the 8% voltage harmonic requirement.

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El Hadiri, Abdeljalil, Lhoussain Bahatti, Abdelmounime El Magri, and Rachid Lajouad. "Brain signals analysis for sleep stages detection using virtual instrumentation platform." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 29, no. 2 (February 1, 2023): 761. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v29.i2.pp761-771.

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This paper discusses the use of the Laboratory Virtual Instrumentation Engineering Workbench (LabVIEW) software tool for analyzing brain waveforms (i.e EEG: electroencephalogram) to study sleep stages such as deep sleep, light sleep and so on. The used EEG signals are generated in order to span all sleeping phases. Indeed, a mandatory step of signal processing has been performed, such as sampling, filtering and features extraction. This analysis is carried out with the LabVIEW program, which is a popular virtual instrumentation platform. The EEG signals used in the analysis were obtained from an open-source database and went through several steps, including noise removal, classification and feature extraction. To extract the feature, different filters are employed and the outputs of all filters are compared, leading to a sleep level detection. The simulation results show clearly the performances of this analysis.

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Yasmine, Ihedrane, El Bekkali Chakib, and Bossoufi Badre. "Improved Performance of DFIG-generators for Wind Turbines Variable-speed." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 9, no. 4 (December 1, 2018): 1875. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v9.i4.pp1875-1890.

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The following article presents the control of the power generated by the Doubly Fed Induction Generator, integrated into the wind system, whose rotor is linked to the power converters (Rotor Side Convert (RSC) and Grid Side Converter (GSC)) interfaced by the DC-BUS and connected to the grid via a filter (Rf, Lf) in order to obtain an optimal power to the grid and to ensure system stability. The objective of this study is to understand and to make the comparison between Sliding mode Control technique and the Flux Oriented Control in order to control the Doubly Fed Induction Generator powers exchanged with the grid, it also aims at maintaining the DC-BUS voltage constant and a unit power factor at the grid connection point.The results of simulation show the performance of the Sliding mode Control in terms of monitoring, and robustness with regard to the parametric variations, compared to the Flux Oriented Control. The performance of the systems was tested and compared with the use of MATLAB/Simulink software.

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Kadhim Oleiwi, Bashra, Layla H. Abood, and Maad Issa Al Tameemi. "Human visualization system based intensive contrast improvement of the collected COVID-19 images." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 27, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 1502. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v27.i3.pp1502-1508.

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Enhancement and color correction of images play an important role and can be considered as one of the fundamental and basic operations in image analysis for the purpose of spee<a name="_GoBack"></a>ding up the diagnosis of the medical images. Improving the quality and contrast of the medical image is the basic requirement for clinicians for obtaining an accurate and accurate medical diagnosis. Thus, getting a clear X-ray image reduces the effort and time-wasting. In this study a new idea will be applied for improving image contrast of the collected COVID-19 X-ray images, this idea is based on using Wiener filter, multilevel of histogram equalization (HE) technique with OpenCV library and then using contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE) techniques with OpenCV library. The proposed methodology programmed in MATLAB software and then implemented using Rasperry Pi 3 model B. The size and resolution of images are different as inputted images and this difference succeeded in proving the strength of the proposed idea. The collected X-ray images have undergone experiential evaluations which clearly showed the effective performance of the proposed methodology.

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Jittawiriyanukoon, Chanintorn, and Vilasinee Srisarkun. "Simulation for predictive maintenance using weighted training algorithms in machine learning." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 12, no. 3 (June 1, 2022): 2839. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v12i3.pp2839-2846.

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In the production, the efficient employment of machines is realized as a source of industry competition and strategic planning. In the manufacturing industries, data silos are harvested, which is needful to be monitored and deployed as an operational tool, which will associate with a right decision-making for minimizing maintenance cost. However, it is complex to prioritize and decide between several results. This article utilizes a synthetic data from a factory, mines the data to filter for an insight and performs machine learning (ML) tool in artiﬁcial intelligence (AI) to strategize a decision support and schedule a plan for maintenance. Data includes machinery, category, machinery, usage statistics, acquisition, owner’s unit, location, classiﬁcation, and downtime. An open-source ML software tool is used to replace the short of maintenance planning and schedule. Upon data mining three promising training algorithms for the insightful data are employed as a result their accuracy figures are obtained. Then the accuracy as weighted factors to forecast the priority in maintenance schedule is proposed. The analysis helps monitor the anticipation of new machines in order to minimize mean time between failures (MTBF), promote the continuous manufacturing and achieve production’s safety.

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Salim Rasheed, Ali, Rasool Hasan Finjan, Ahmed Abdulsahib Hashim, and Mustafa Murtdha Al-Saeedi. "3D face creation via 2D images within blender virtual environment." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 21, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 457. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v21.i1.pp457-464.

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Animation and virtual reality movie-making technologies are still witnessing significant progress to this day. Building and stimulating virtual characters inside these applications is a goal. Build a 3D face via using some special tools inside the virtual world is the most important part of identifying a 3D animation. Keen Tools Face Builder add-on for Blender. Interested in creating a 3D face of a famous figure, artist or the general public by adopting several 2D images added to the virtual blinder software environment. The main problem facing these tools is that they deal with high-resolution and sharpness pictures because some images that contain blurring, the result is to build a 3D face model that contains design distortions and non- clearly. in this proposed paper, build a data set for 2D pictures of a specific character (actor), at a resolution of 1920 x 1080 pixels. These images were caught by the camera, different in sharpness and blurring (four types of blurry). Using the “Laplacian Filter algorithm” and OpenCV library with Python language, to isolate blurry from sharpness 2D images. Sharpness images used to build a 3D face model that gave real and similar results to the character in the pictures.

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Kalaivani, A., and R. Pugazendi. "A Review on Intrusion Detection System and its Techniques." Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence 3, no. 2 (February 1, 2023): 132–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.46632/daai/3/2/24.

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Technology development has brought so many threats and hazards at a very high rate in the recent years. The development of application, software tools and its usage in all the fields has brought the awareness about the security. Many mechanisms are used as the security tool such as firewalls, antivirus, spam filters and anti-malware for the security purposes to protect their system and network. Intrusion detection system is a very powerful security system to detect any abnormal or unauthorised access to the system and to the network. This paper is about the study of the importance of intrusion detection, classification of intrusion detection system (IDS), its datasets and usage in various applications. The intrusion detection system has got many developments through its datasets, new technologies and methods but as the technologies increases, the threats of attacking the system and data breaches also increases, so in order to overcome this problem a hybrid framework for the intrusion detection has to be developed to detect the intrusions from the intruder.

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Al-Had, Istabraq Hassan Abed, Farag Mahel Mohammed, and Jamal A. K. Mohammed. "Modeling and simulation of electro-hydraulic telescopic elevator system controlled by programmable logic controller." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 27, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v27.i1.pp71-78.

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Traditional hydraulic cylinders are widely used in industry as load lifting tools. There is difficulty in employing these cylinders in narrow installation space like building elevators as well as they require a long working stroke, so solving this problem requires using the telescopic hydraulic cylinder instead. This cylinder is a unique hydraulic cylinder design that uses a sequence of decreasing diameters to create a long operating stroke in a compact-retracted form. In this work, the Auto Station software is used to build a telescopic hydraulic cylinder model that includes hydraulic elements such as double-acting hydraulic telescopic cylinders, pump, valves, pipeline, and filter, as well as electrical parts such as programmable logic controller (PLC), push-bottoms, and position sensors. The proposed model is operated by a PLC controller and has three floors with an overall height of around 300 cm for lifting a 100 kg payload. The accuracy and validity of this model in lifting big weights were demonstrated by the analytical findings of characteristic curves for cylinder position and velocity. This model can be used a basic reference to analyze and construct hydraulic cylinders with any number of stages. The findings of simulations reveal that a quick change in pressure due to phase change causes multi-phase vibration.

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Babu, Yadiki Rajendra, and C. Srinivasa Rao. "Distributed Generation Inverter as APF in Dual APF DG interfacing Scheme." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 8, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 1441. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v8.i3.pp1441-1454.

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Power quality issues are the most concerned area for electrical engineers in these modern days due to indusrtrialization and advancements in electronics. Harmonics are one of the power quality issues that deteriorated the quality of source components delivered to load. Active power filters (APF) are the compensating devices used to mitigate harmonics. Distributed generation (DG) became a trendline due to economical, technical and environmental reasons. This paper presents the harmonic compensation using dual APF sharing compensating signals while active power is fed from distributed generation to grid. DG inverter acts as an interface between DG system and grid to feed active power from DG to grid. In this context, the DG inverter acts both as inverter and APF, used as inverter to invert supply from DG and feeds grid for specified time and also as APF for harmonic compensation thereafter along with dual APF. The proposed system is developed and results are obtained using MATLAB/SIMULINK software. Results are shown for DG inverter feeding active power to grid and also acting as APF. Dual APF characteristics are also shown.

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Aguiar, Yêska Paola Costa, Darlene Cristina Ramos Eloy Dantas, Ana Isabella Arruda Meira Ribeiro, Yasmine De Carvalho Sousa, Rennaly De Freitas Lima, and Alessandro Leite Cavalcanti. "Avaliação in vitro do selamento marginal de sistemas adesivos autocondicionantes." Revista de Ciências Médicas e Biológicas 12, no. 2 (November 8, 2013): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.9771/cmbio.v12i2.8061.

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Objetivo: Avaliar in vitro o selamento marginal de restaurações classe II em resina composta após a aplicação de sistemas adesivos autocondicionantes. Metodologia: A amostra foi composta por quarenta terceiros molares humanos hígidos, nos quais foram realizados preparos cavitários Classe II nas faces mesial e distal, sendo os elementos dentários divididos em quatro grupos (n=20) de acordo com o tipo de adesivo utilizado: G1: Clearfil SE Bond (Kuraray), G2: Adper SE Plus (3M/ESPE), G3: AdperEasyOne SE (3M/ESPE), G4: GO! (SDI). Todas as cavidades foram restauradas com resina composta Filtek Z250 (3M/ ESPE). Após armazenamento, os elementos foram submetidos à termociclagem (500 ciclos: 5°C/55°C) e imersos em solução de azul de metileno a 2% por 24 horas.Os espécimes sofreram corte no sentido longitudinal e foi realizada a avaliação do grau de microinfiltração na interface dente/material restaurador através de escores. Os resultados foram avaliados com o auxílio do software SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) na versão 15 por meio do teste de Kruskal-Wallis, sendo adotando um nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Em relação aos substratos dentina ou esmalte, não houve diferença estatística significativa quanto aos diferentes tipos de adesivos utilizados (p>0,05). Entretanto, entre os diferentes grupos comparados para o substrato esmalte, observou-se diferença significativa entre os sistemas adesivos Clearfil SE Bond e Adper SE Plus (p<0,05). Conclusão: Nenhum dos adesivos testados foi capaz de impedir a infiltração marginal, não sendo observadas diferenças com relação ao grau de infiltração nos substratos esmalte e dentina.

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Morozova, ER, and AP Turova. "Impact of seasonal variations of ambient seismic noise level on the number of registered earthquakes in the Arctic regions." Arctic Environmental Research 19, no. 3 (December 19, 2019): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/issn2541-8416.2019.19.3.123.

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Researchers at the Seismological Laboratory of the Institute of Geodynamics and Geology of the Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FCIARctic) have been engaged in the seismological monitoring of the European Arctic sector since 2011. In this paper, we present a comparative assessment of the earthquakes spatial distribution in this region based on the data from the International Seismological Centre (ISC) and the FCIARctic’s Arkhangelsk Seismic Network (ASN) obtained in 2012–2016. The paper presents the waveforms of earthquakes occurred at the Gakkel Ridge and the Svalbard archipelago processed with the use of a Russian software package WSG (Windows Seismic Grafer) recommended by the Unified Geophysical Service of the Russian Academy of Sciences. A standard 4–8 Hz bandpass filter was used for the processing of regional Arctic earthquakes. The impact of seasonal variations on the quality of earthquakes registration was analysed based on the seismograms recorded by the ASN’s island-based Arctic stations from 2012 to 2014 The same analysis was done for the central broadband sensor SPA0 of the Norwegian NORSAR-owned SPITS group installed at the Svalbard archipelago. A correlation has been established between the number of earthquakes recorded by the ASN’s island Arctic stations and SPA0 station. The number of regional earthquakes, recorded by ASN’s island Arctic stations is is smaller in summer-autumn periods than in winter periods. Forthe SPA0 station, which is part of SPITS group, there is not seasonality in the number of registered earthquakes. Generally, earthquakes are recorded uniformly, exception on January. This might be due to the increased seismic activity in the Svalbard archipelago during that period.

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Cao, Feng, Paul D. Docherty, and XiaoQi Chen. "Contact force estimation for serial manipulator based on weighted moving average with variable span and standard Kalman filter with automatic tuning." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 118, no. 9-10 (October 16, 2021): 3443–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-08036-9.

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Hoo, Dick Sang, Kein Huat Chua, Yun Seng Lim, Boon Han Lim, Mohammad Babrdel Bonab, and Li Wang. "Mitigation of harmonic distortions in third rail electrical systems." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 14, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 348. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v14.i1.pp348-357.

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The extensive use of power electronic converters in the third rail system increases the harmonic distortions on the rail electrical feeding systems. Electrical machines and transformers could be overheated causing premature failures of the devices. It is therefore important to address the harmonic distortions on the electrical networks during real-time operation, which includes the degraded operation, not just the normal operation. In this paper, the harmonic distortions of a third rail system are investigated using electrical transient and analysis program (ETAP) simulation software. Four operating scenarios, namely the normal operation and three degraded operations, are considered in the studies. The degraded operations occur when one of the bulk supply transformers or 33 kV feeders is out of service. The findings of the studies showed that the 11th and 13th order harmonics are the dominant harmonic orders due to the use of 12-pulse rectifiers on the third rail system. Single-tuned harmonic filters are designed and placed in the 33 kV feeders to mitigate the individual voltage harmonic distortion (IHDv) and the total voltage harmonic distortion (THDv) so that it is within the statutory of IEEE 519:2014.

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Ciampa, Mark, and Ray Blankenship. "Do Students and Instructors See Cybersecurity the Same? A Comparison of Perceptions About Selected Cybersecurity Topics." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 7, no. 1 (January 31, 2019): 121–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol7.iss1.1291.

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Cybersecurity attacks continue to increase. This is particularly true for attacks based on social engineering or relying on the weaknesses of individuals as a means of gathering information or crafting an attack. Along with an increase in attacks there is likewise an increase in the number of calls for educating users about attacks and equipping them with the knowledge and skills for warding off attacks. Many entities advocate that institutions of higher education should be responsible for providing practical, applied security awareness instruction. This study compared student and instructor attitudes towards security to determine if there is an apathy on the part of students regarding security or if they are concerned about selected security topics, and if instructors perceive that practical, applied security instruction is a necessary component to their courses, or if security instruction belongs elsewhere. The relationship of student attitudes towards security was compared with those of instructors over six current security topics. When comparing students to instructors to students there was no significant difference between them on the topics of using anti-virus software, using a firewall, securing wireless networks, and using spam filters. The results seem to indicate that there is a significant difference between the perceptions of students and instructors regarding the security topics of protection from phishing and how to create a strong password.

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Journal articles on the topic 'SPAM FILTER SOFTWARE'

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