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PEREIRA, ANDERSON. "RELIABILITY BASED OPTIMIZATION: APPLICATION TO SPACE TRUSSES." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2007. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=10641@1.
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CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOGRUPO DE TECNOLOGIA DE COMPUTAÇÃO GRÁFICA - PUC-RIO
No projeto de estruturas de engenharia há, freqüentemente, incertezas associadas µas propriedades dos materiais, nas propriedades geométricas e aos carregamentos. A maneira mais comum e tradicional para se levar em conta estas incertezas é através da definição dos valores de projeto como o resultado do produto do valor característico das variáveis aleatórias por um fator parcial de segurança. Esta solução, no entanto, falha ao não permitir a quantificação da confiabilidade do projeto ótimo uma vez que um fator grande de segurança pode não significar uma confiabilidade mais alta. Para se considerar a natureza probabilística de quantidades como propriedades dos materiais, carregamentos, etc., tem-se que identificar e definir estas quantidades como variáveis aleatórias no modelo de análise. Desta maneira, a probabilidade de falha (ou a confiabilidade) de uma estrutura sujeita a uma restrição de desempenho na forma de uma função de estado limite pode, então, ser calculada e formulada como uma restrição num problema de otimização. Neste trabalho, restrição probabilísticas são incorporadas ao esquema tradicional de otimização estrutural. A formulação e os métodos numéricos para este processo, comumente chamado de otimização baseada em confiabilidade, são descritos. O objetivo principal é apresentar um sistema computacional capaz de resolver problemas de otimização de forma e de dimensões de treliças espaciais baseado em confiabilidade. Podem ser consideradas como variáveis, determinísticas ou aleatórias, as seções transversais, as coordenadas nodais, as propriedades dos materiais (módulo de elasticidade e tensão de escoamento) e os carregamentos. De maneira a tratar os problemas de instabilidade global são considerados os efeitos da não-linearidade geométrica no comportamento da estrutura e uma restrição formulada para uma função de estado limite associada na carga de colapso é incluída. Funções de estado limite referentes aos deslocamentos e nas tensões também são consideradas. A flambagem global das barras é considerada por meio da carga crítica de Euler
Uncertainties associated with random variables, such as, the material proprieties and loads, are inherent to the design of structures. These uncertainties are traditionally taken into account in the project before the design by defining design values for the random variables. The design values of the random variables are obtained from statistical properties of the random variables and from partial safety factors. Once these values are defined the variables are treated as deterministic variables in the design process. This approach has been followed in the conventional design optimization and in many design codes such as the Brazilian code for the design of steel and concrete structures. This simple approach, however, does not allow an estimate of the structural reliability of the resulting project which may have a low (unsafe structure) or a very high (expensive structure) reliability. To overcome this problem a reliability analysis must be incorporated into the traditional design optimization. Design optimization, incorporating reliability analyses, has been denoted Reliability-Based Design Optimization (RBDO). In RBDO, the constraints are defined in terms of the probabilities of failure associated with some prescribed failure functions and therefore, it requires, as in the reliability analysis, the definition of the random variables and information about their statistical properties. In this work, RBDO is applied to the shape and sizing optimization of spatial trusses considering geometric nonlinearities. The constraints considered in the RBDO problem are related to the following failure mechanisms: to the global collapse (limit load), to local buckling and yield stress and to serviceability conditions (displacement bounds). The algorithms used for solving the optimization problem and for performing the reliability analysis are described.
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Navarro, Cota Juan Pedro Martin 1963. "DESIGN AND BEHAVIOR OF COMPOSITE SPACE TRUSSES." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276505.
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A fully automated computer program is developed for the optimum design of steel space trusses acting compositely with a concrete slab placed on top. The program sizes the truss members to meet the requirements of the load and resistance factor design specification of the American Institute of Steel Construction using the load combinations of ANSI. Earthquake loading is not considered. The optimum size is based on minimum cost, regarding the amount of welding required at the joints and of the member itself. The total cost is based on all steel work in the truss. Once the truss configuration has been defined, and it has been ensured that linear elastic behavior exists, the structure is analyzed for the construction process, to make sure that no overstressing will take place in any structural element at any time during construction and service. The analysis and design principles are presented and an actual design case is solved. (Abstract shortened with permission of author.)
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Sahol, Hamid Yazmin. "Progressive collapse of double layer space trusses." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2015. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/808321/.
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This study deals with the progressive collapse of full scale square-on-square double-layer space truss (DLST) systems. The failure of certain space structures in recent years, ranging from a lattice dome in Romania, Burcharest 1963 to the DLST in Hartford USA, 1978 and the recent collapse of the Sultan Zainal Abidin Stadium, a double-layer space frame constructed in Malaysia, 2009, gives an insight into how sensitive some space structures are to progressive collapse. These tragic incidents have provided very valuable lessons for designers of the importance of understanding progressive collapse in these structural configurations. By understanding what caused such failures engineers may avoid any reoccurrence and in addition help to develop safer structures. Hence, a study of this particular problem has been conducted and the results obtained are presented in the thesis. Evaluation on the consequences of progressive collapse leads to the determination of structural Vulnerability Index due to sudden loss of an individual member (Case 1) or losses of members progressively (Case 2). In order to trace the collapse behavior a nonlinear analysis subject to increasing applied load was used. However, it is difficult for engineers to perform this nonlinear analysis due to its complexity. Hence, a simple linear analysis as an alternative method was used whereby assessment of Vulnerability Index using linear analysis is carried out using two different approaches, i.e. Rate Factor and Probabilistic Approach. Since a DLST has large number of members which correspond to a large data set, hence, these two proposed approaches are suitable. A close statistical correlation between both approaches indicates that there is a high correlation between both approaches. To ensure reliability of the proposed approaches, their results are compared using nonlinear collapse analysis and the results are found to be in good agreement. The solution strategy used to analyse the full scale models was first tested using small scale models. The numerical results of the small scale models have been verified with pre-existing experimental results and good agreements between the results are obtained. Behavior of each DLST member and also the overall structural behavior can be obtained from the nonlinear analysis. There are three different boundary conditions of the DLSTs considered. Vulnerability of the DLSTs susceptible to progressive collapse are identified and then are compared for the identification of efficient structures. The Vulnerability Index of the DLST helps engineers to discover failures that may occur due to damage or loss of its members.
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Nguyen, Thu Ngoc 1967. "Design optimization of a space truss structure." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/46133.
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Mupona, Gaylord Tonderai. "Development of space truss systems in timber." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6712.
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Space trusses are a valuable structural form for architects and structural engineers due mainly to their efficiency in providing large unobstructed areas, associated with faster erection speeds and low maintenance cost. Most space trusses are made of steel and aluminium whilst a few are of timber. Interest is now shifting from the traditional use of timber in plane trusses of relatively short span, to new structural forms for medium to long spans. In adopting such systems in timber for non-traditional roofing applications, the challenge lies in developing structurally sound, visually neat and economically reproducible connectors for 3-dimensional configurations of timber members. The research aimed at developing a new connector for double and triple-layer space grids in timber, intended for medium-span lightweight roofing applications. The origins of the connector date back to 1995, when it was first proposed by Zingoni as the 14FTC-U Timber Space-Truss Connector, and subsequently tested under laboratory conditions over the three years that followed. Unlike connectors for timber space grids proposed by earlier investigators, or the proprietary connector systems that are available for constructions in steel and aluminium, the 14FTC-U connector features a central core of wood in the form of a cuboctahedron or its variants, upon whose faces are attached U-shaped metal brackets that take the timber members. Thus the connector unit is predominantly wood, giving it considerable aesthetic advantages over its all-metal counterparts. While promising, the structural performance of the original connector was not adequate for practical application, hence a programme of further development was embarked upon. As reported in the thesis, the improvements of the connector have culminated in a structurally viable unit that has been successfully employed in a prototype double-layer timber grid.
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Pugh, James Christopher. "A user friendly preprocessor for plane and space frames and space trusses." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/44655.
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A user friendly preprocessor was developed and documented for the plane and space frame and space truss structural analysis programs that are based on the matrix displacements method. This preprocessor is comprised of three programs. The main program in the preprocessor is to allow the user to create error free input data files. This program also allows modifications of existing input data files. The two other programs are the library manager and the graphics presentation. The library manager is used to manage the libraries of the element and material properties. The graphics presentation is used to display a plane structure on the graphics display. In Chapter 2, the development of a user friendly preprocessor is discussed. After a short review of the extension of the analysis program from plane frame to space frame in Chapter 3, the preprocessor and its supporting programs are described in detail in the user manual in Chapter 4. Possible extensions to the preprocessor are discussed in Chapter 5. The appendix contains examples of input data files for these structural analysis programs.
Master of Science
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Parke, Gerard Andrew. "The behaviour of space trusses incorporating novel compression members." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1988. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/934/.
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Howells, Hugh Alan. "Collapse behaviour of space trusses with thin-walled members." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1985. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/1038/.
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Yates, Keith William. "Optimization of slender space trusses utilizing a continuum model." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-11242009-020159/.
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Andberg, Brent K. "Modal testing and analysis of the NPS Space Truss." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/8683.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedThis thesis deals with modal testing and analysis of the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) Space Truss. A finite element model (FEM) was developed for the truss using a MATLB program called NRLFEMI (developed at the Nava1 Research Laboratory). Analytical predictions of the natural frequencies for this 3.76 meter by 0.35 meter precision structure were calculated using the NRLFEMI code. These calculated natural frequencies were then compared to experimental data collected during modal testing of the truss in the NPS dynamics and Control Laboratory. Through analysis, the predicted results of the measurements (from the FEM) were satisfactorily correlated to the experimentally obtained results, validating the FEM program. Additionally, a technology demonstration of Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors (FBGSs) was performed. These laser etched, fiber optic sensors are ideally suited for real time evaluation of load, strain, vibration, and other health monitoring functions of structures
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Lovejoy, Vincent Dean. "Dynamics and control of a planar truss actuator." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/52056.
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Recent demands in large space structure technology have suggested the use of active control actuators integral to a structures' construction. The concept of a 3-D (triangular cross-sectioned) active truss is presented. The linear equations of motion for one plane of the truss are derived. A model for a generic flexible beam is then appended to the planar truss model. A linear time-invariant optimal control law is found, followed by a presentation of an experimental planar truss built to test the concept. Physical parameters are then substituted into the dynamic model and several sets of control gains are found. The "Kalman'' gains are applied to the experimental structure. Experimental results are compared to expected theoretical results with good (30%) correlation. Conclusions are drawn and suggestions are made for further research.Master of Science
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Isildak, Murat. "Use Of Helical Wire Core Truss Members In Space Structures." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610553/index.pdf.
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In an effort to achieve lighter and more economical space structures, a new patented steel composite member has been suggested and used in the construction of some steel roof structures. This special element has a sandwich construction composed of some strips of steel plates placed longitudinally along a helical wire core. The function of the helical core is to transfer the shear between the flange plates and increase the sectional inertia of the resulting composite member by keeping the flange plates at a desired distance from each other. Because of the lack of research, design engineers usually treat such elements as a solid member as if it has a full shear transfer between the flanges. However, a detailed analysis shows that this is not a valid assumption and leads to very unsafe results. In this context, the purpose of this study is to investigate the behavior of such members under axial compression and determine their effective sectional flexural rigidity by taking into account the shear deformations. This study applies an analytical investigation to a specific form of such elements with four flange plates placed symmetrically around a helical wire core. Five independent parameters of such a member are selected for this purpose. These are the spiral core and core wire diameters, the pitch of the spiral core, and the flange plate dimensions. Elements with varying combinations of the selected parameters are first analyzed in detail by finite element method, and some design charts are generated for the determination of the effective sectional properties to be used in the structural analysis and the buckling loads. For this purpose, an alternative closed-form approximate analytical solution is also suggested.
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Heath, Marcus R. A. (Richard Austin). "Dynamic behavior of a three dimensional aluminum truss in free space." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37525.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Ocean Engineering, 1994, and Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1994.Includes bibliographical references (leaf 72).
by Marcus R.A. Heath.
M.S.
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Webster, Mark S. (Mark Stephen). "Modeling beam-like space trusses with nonlinear joints with application to control." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/43155.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1991.Title as it appears in the June 1991 M.I.T. Graduate List: A method for modeling beam-like space trusses with nonlinear joints with application to control design and analysis.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 150-152).
by Mark S. Webster.
Ph.D.
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Mwakali, Jackson Aarali. "The collapse behaviour of double-layer space trusses incorporating eccentrically loaded tee-section members." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1990. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/756/.
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Johnson, Scott E. Vlattas John. "Modal analysis and active vibration control of the Naval Postgraduate School Space Truss /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1998. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA350137.
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Thesis (M.S. in Astronautical Engineering) Naval Postgraduate School, June 1998.Thesis advisor(s): Brij N. Agrawal, Gangbing Song. Includes bibliographical references (p. 115-118). Also available online.
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Pantling, Carey M. "Active vibration control method for space truss using piezoelectric actuators and finite elements." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1999. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA374451.
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Thesis (M.S. in Mechanical Engineering, M.S. in Astronautical Engineering) Naval Postgraduate School, December 1999."December 1999". Thesis advisor(s): Young S. Shin, Brij N. Agrawal. Includes bibliographical references (p. 105-107). Also available online.
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Johnson, Scott E., and John Vlattas. "Modal analysis and active vibration control of the Naval Postgraduate School Space Truss." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/8682.
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Approved for public release, distribution is unlimitedThis thesis examines active control of the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) Space Truss using a piezoceramic stack actuator. Preceding the development of an active control mechanism for the NPS space truss, modal testing was performed to identify the modal properties of the truss. An impact hammer provided excitation to the truss and accelerometers easured the truss' response. Two data acquisition systems were used independently to gather and analyze data. For active control, an active strut, consisting of a piezoceramic stack, a force transducer, and mechanical interfaces, was substituted in place of a critical diagonal strut and acted as a control actuator. The frequency response of the system was determined and a integral plus double-integral force feedback control law was designed and implemented. A linear proof mass actuator was employed to excite one of the truss' vibrational modes. The controller then suppressed the vibration along the length of the structure resulting in power attenuation on the order of 10- 15 dB. Various combinations of velocity and position feedback gains were investigated in order to optimize the control action. Additional testing was performed to determine the controller's sensitivity over a frequency band.
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Sebastian, Wendel Michael. "The performance of a composite space truss bridge with glass reinforced plastic panels." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1996. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272273.
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Elyada, Dov Babcock Charles D. "Structural analysis of imperfect three-legged truss columns for large space structures applications /." Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 1985. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-11182004-161353.
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Barney, Timothy A. "Adaptive Multi-Layer LMS controller design and its active vibration suppression on a Space Truss." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2001. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA392845.
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Thesis (M.S. in Mechanical Engineering) Naval Postgraduate School, June 2001.Thesis advisors, Young S. Shin, Brij N. Agrawal. Includes bibliographical references (p. 115-116). Also Available online.
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Ma, Jie. "A new space-time finite element method for the dynamic analysis of TRUSS-type structures." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2015. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/9165.
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Truss-type structures are widely used in contemporary constructions. The dynamic analysis is very important to ensure the safety and the functionalities of these structures. The aim of this research was to propose a new method tailored for the dynamic analysis of linear truss-type structures. The proposed method is a single-step method underpinned by Unconventional Hamilton-type Variational Principles, and employing the finite element discretisation in both spatial and temporal domains. To develop the proposed method, five Unconventional Hamilton-type Variational Principles tailor-made for truss-type structures were derived, preserving naturally all necessary conditions for the dynamic analysis without the introduction of any artificial factors. The resultant one-field and the two-filed formulations were used to build algorithms for the proposed method. The semi-discretisation treatment of the spatial and temporal domains was applied to these formulations. While the spatial discretisation was undertaken in the standard fashion, temporal discretisation was attempted with four different types of time finite elements. The convergence of the algorithms was examined in terms of the stability and the consistency properties. Numerical examples with different types of truss-type structures were given to verify the proposed method, and also to compare the performance of these algorithms against the existing analysis methods. The proposed algorithms were shown to be second- or higher-order accurate when various time finite elements were employed. Compared to the widely used Average Acceleration Method (AAM), the proposed method produces highly accurate results. Larger time steps can be used without compromising the accuracy hence the computational costs may be reduced. Therefore, the proposed method can provide a fast and high-precision analysis solution for applications where these attributes are desired.
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Mallik, Wrik. "Aeroelastic Analysis of Truss-Braced Wing Aircraft: Applications for Multidisciplinary Design Optimization." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71650.
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This study highlights the aeroelastic behavior of very flexible truss-braced wing (TBW) aircraft designs obtained through a multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) framework. Several improvements to previous analysis methods were developed and validated.
Firstly, a flutter constraint was developed and the effects of the constraint on the MDO of TBW transport aircraft for both medium-range and long-range missions were studied while minimizing the take-off gross weight (TOGW) and the fuel burn as the objective functions. Results show that when the flutter constraint is applied at 1.15 times the dive speed, it imposes a 1.5% penalty on the take-off weight and a 5% penalty on the fuel consumption while minimizing these two objective functions for the medium-range mission. For the long-range mission, the penalties imposed by the similar constraint on the minimum TOGW and minimum fuel burn designs are 3.5% and 7.5%, respectively. Importantly, the resulting TBW designs are still superior to equivalent cantilever designs for both of the missions as they have both lower TOGW and fuel burn. However, a relaxed flutter constraint applied at 1.05 times the dive speed can restrict the penalty on the TOGW to only 0.3% and that on the fuel burn to 2% for minimizing both the objectives, for the medium-range mission. For the long-range mission, a similar relaxed constraint can reduce the penalty on fuel burn to 2.9%. These observations suggest further investigation into active flutter suppression mechanisms for the TBW aircraft to further reduce either the TOGW or the fuel burn.
Secondly, the effects of a variable-geometry raked wingtip (VGRWT) on the maneuverability and aeroelastic behavior of passenger aircraft with very flexible truss-braced wings (TBW) were investigated. These TBW designs obtained from the MDO environment while minimizing fuel burn resemble a Boeing 777-200 Long Range (LR) aircraft both in terms of flight mission and aircraft configuration. The VGRWT can sweep forward and aft relative to the wing with the aid of a Novel Control Effector (NCE) mechanism. Results show that the VGRWT can be swept judiciously to alter the bending-torsion coupling and the movement of the center of pressure of wing. Such behavior of the VGRWT is applied to both achieve the required roll control as well as to increase flutter speed, and thus, enable the operation of TBW configurations which have up to 10% lower fuel burn than comparable optimized cantilever wing designs.
Finally, a transonic aeroelastic analysis tool was developed which can be used for conceptual design in an MDO environment. Routine transonic aeroelastic analysis require expensive CFD simulations, hence they cannot be performed in an MDO environment. The present approach utilizes the results of a companion study of CFD simulations performed offline for the steady Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes equations for a variety of airfoil parameters. The CFD results are used to develop a response surface which can be used in the MDO environment to perform a Leishman-Beddoes (LB) indicial functions based flutter analysis. A reduced-order model (ROM) is also developed for the unsteady aerodynamic system. Validation of the strip theory based aeroelastic analysis with LB unsteady aerodynamics and the computational efficiency and accuracy of the ROM is demonstrated. Finally, transonic aeroelastic analysis of a TBW aircraft designed for the medium-range flight mission similar to a Boeing 737 next generation (NG) with a cruise Mach number of 0.8 is presented. The results show the potential of the present approach to perform a more accurate, yet inexpensive, flutter analysis for MDO studies of transonic transport aircraft which are expected to undergo flutter at transonic conditions.Ph. D.
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Daniels, Joseph A. "Securitizing spectacle : property, real estate investment trusts, and the financialization of retail space in Singapore." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/55203.
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In this thesis I explore several intersections of the work on financialization, urbanization, the real estate financial nexus, and spectacle urbanism. Taking the recently formed Singapore real estate investment trust (REIT) market as its case, this thesis contributes to efforts to build out our understanding of the consequences of urban financialization: among them, argued here, being the production of ‘spectacle urbanism’ as an everyday experience in retail spaces. Entangled within state initiatives to develop Singapore as a leading financial center, the REIT market was initiated in 2002 as part of a wider effort to deepen financial markets in the city-state. Its existence has become a current political issue in parliament, manifestly centered upon the politics over claims to property and its seeming capture by financial actors as a “purely financial asset”. And it is here that the thesis begins in Chapter 1 to outline the contemporary relevance of this study. In Chapter 2 I argue that urbanizing financialization—that is to concern ourselves with financialization and urbanization as interdependent processes—is necessary for understanding the spatial dynamics of financialization. The strategic starting point is to focus upon the material and spatial processes that enable property to be treated as a “pure financial asset”. In Chapter 3, drawing upon interviews conducted in the Singaporean REIT market, I demonstrate the material and spatial process that REIT managers concern themselves with to realize property as a ‘pure financial asset’, guided by the notion of producing liquidity or ‘unlocking value’. Chapter 4 considers the effects of these processes and argues that a constructive dialogue is to be had between the work on spectacle urbanism and financialization. I argue that not only does financialization accelerate spectacle urbanism, but that this in turn largely sustains urban financialization in a recursive process. Finally, the thesis concludes with a reflection upon the implications of the empirical chapters and the ‘politics’ of this research—highlighting the urgency of future research on the role of the state in creating these infrastructures of financialization.Arts, Faculty of
Geography, Department of
Graduate
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Heaton, Tyler DeVoe. "Cloud Based IP Data Management Theory and Implementation for a Secure and Trusted Design Space." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu155498721009978.
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Marzette, Russell K. Jr. "A Feasibility Study of Thin-Shell Deformable Mirrors with Adaptive Truss Support for Spaced-Based Telescopes." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16214.
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Space-based telescopes are limit by the payload requirements of existing launch vehicles. Thus, despite distinct advantages the resolution of terrestrial telescopes exceeds space-based telescopes due to larger size and powerful adaptive optics. To overcome payload limitations, a primary mirror technology that is lighter in weight, but no less effective, is required. As this will result in new structural conditions, new approaches to maintaining the optical shape (figure) of the mirror will also be required.
This thesis culminates work at the Georgia Institute of Technology in modelling a hexagonal thin-shell deformation mirror manipulated by an adaptive truss. This research specifically examines the feasibility of a surface parallel actuated (SPA) thin-shell CuZr deformable mirror (DM) as an alternative to a typical surface normal actuated (SNA) based mirror. It is believed that by using a thin-shell mirror (100 m or less in thickness) with a light weight substrate, such as a truss, that a significant weight-savings will occur, thus enabling larger space based telescopes.
This thesis advances the SPA DM concept by 1) creating a representative model, 2) developing design evaluation methods, 3) evaluating the FEA simulated response of the deformable mirror over Zernike error modes, 4) evaluating the FEA simulated response to select thermal loads, and 5) evaluating the ability of the DM to remove thermal error, and the forces required to do so. Finally, it is concluded that overall the SPA DM concept is feasible.
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Elabd, Maher Mostafa Abdel-Hakeem. "Effect of composite action on the dynamic behaviour of space structures." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2010. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/99b1ba2d-af1e-4c64-b184-f9f52afcf722.
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The application of composite action ushered a new era in the use of double-layer spaceframes as efficient floor systems in addition to their competitiveness as roof coveringstructural systems. Earlier research on space frames demonstrated large improvementsin their static behaviour caused by the introduction of composite action. Theseimprovements included an increase in ductility to avoid progressive collapse, a largeincrease in load-carrying capacity and a considerable reduction in materialconsumption.In this work, the effect of introducing composite action in changing the dynamiccharacteristics of space frames, in particular the natural frequencies and damping ratioswas presented. The study was expanded to determine the effect of composite action inchanging the response to dynamic excitations. The measured responses included thelateral displacements and changes in the internal member force distribution undershaking table vibrations.Three aluminium space frame models of the square on square (SOS) configuration weremanufactured. The first model was non-composite, while composite action was appliedto the other two models with a top aluminium deck and a timber deck, respectively.Two common cases of support conditions were used in connecting the models to theloading frame, which was the platform of the shaking table.Initial displacement method (snap test) was used to determine the frequency of vibrationand the damping ratio of test models in the vertical and horizontal directions usinglogarithmic decrement method. All models were then exposed to shaking tablevibrations to determine the changes in dynamic responses between different models.These tests were repeated for the three models after the successive removal of panelsfrom one direction to identify the changes to their characteristics and behaviour withdifferent aspect ratios.The second part of the study was carried out numerically by using the finite elementpackage ABAQUS. It started by selecting a valid finite element model from nineproposed models using experimental test results on physical structures. A parametricstudy was conducted using the validated finite element model to expand the study toinclude two common space frame configurations; the square on large square (SOLS)and square on diagonal (SOD), and two other cases of support configurations, namely,fully edge-supported and supports at corners and middle edges of models.Based on the work done in this study, it can be concluded that composite actionchanged the dynamic characteristics of space frames, which was clear in the increase oftheir vibration frequencies in all directions as a result of the increase in stiffness.Furthermore, the increase in stiffness resulted in a general reduction in the dampingratio of space frames covered with aluminium deck, while the high friction with topjoints and the nature of timber as a good energy absorbent material resulted in a variableeffect on the damping ratio associated with the increase in aspect ratio.The effect of composite action was clear in reducing the lateral displacement ofcomposite models by more than 50% compared to the non-composite case. Moreover,composite action resulted in changing the distribution of internal forces in diagonal andlower chord members such that forces became more concentrated at corners and edgesparallel to the direction of vibrations in both cases of corner and edge-supportedmodels.
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Souza, Alex Sander Clemente de. "Análise teórica e experimental de treliças espaciais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-11102003-164954/.
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Este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre o comportamento de treliças espaciais formadas por elementos tubulares de seção circular, com ênfase no desempenho das tipologias de ligação utilizadas no Brasil. Foram ensaiadas experimentalmente 9 treliças espaciais com vãos de 7,5 x 15,0m e uma de 7,5m x 7,5m com altura de 1,5m, variando-se o tipo de ligação entre barras, com o objetivo de caracterizar e comparar o comportamento dos sistemas de ligações mais comuns (nó típico extremidade estampada, nó de aço e nó com chapa de ponteira).A análise teórica, via elementos finitos, tem como objetivo aferir a validade dos modelos numéricos normalmente utilizados e refiná-los incluindo as características do comportamento estrutural observadas em ensaio. A análise numérica segue duas abordagens: análise global da estrutura incluindo os efeitos não-lineares, excentricidade na ligação e variação de seção nas extremidades das barras; com isso o comportamento das treliças ensaiadas foi representado de forma satisfatória. A análise do comportamento do nó típico, modelado tridimensionalmente com elementos de casca, possibilitou analisar a interação entre as barras na região nodal por meio de elementos de contato. Com esta modelagem, apesar das simplificações, foi possível reproduzir o modo de colapso observado experimentalmente.This paper presents a study of the behavior of tubular circular section space trusses with the main emphasis placed on the performance of the various truss typologies used in Brazil. Nine space trusses with plan dimensions of 7.5m x 15.0m and one with plan dimensions of 7.5mx7.5m and height of 1.5m were tested. The joint type was varied with the objective to characterize and compare the behavior of the more common types of connection systems (typical node stamped end, steel node, and end plate node). The theoretical analysis employing finite elements was adopted mainly to ascertain the validity of various numerical models commonly employed and hence refining them by including the some basic characteristics of the observed structural behavior.The numerical analysis employed was based on two methodologies: a global structural analysis that takes into account the effects of non-linearity, eccentricities at connection, and the variation of the end bars cross section. In this manner the actual behavior of the tested trusses was well represented. The analysis of the behavior of a typical node, modeled using tri-dimensional finite shell elements made it possible to analyze the interaction between bars that converge at the nodal region by applying contact elements. Despite it simplicity, predicted results of the collapse mode obtained by using the proposed model, very well reproduce the experimental observation.
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Maiola, Carlos Henrique. "Análise teórica e experimental de treliças metálicas espaciais constituídas por barras com extremidades estampadas." Universidade de São Paulo, 1999. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-11122017-113502/.
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No Brasil é comum a utilização de barras tubulares com extremidades estampadas na confecção das treliças metálicas espaciais, uma vez que representam uma significativa redução de custos, quando comparado a sistemas mais elaborados, devido a sua simplicidade de fabricação e montagem, entretanto trata-se aparentemente de um sistema precário do ponto de vista estrutural, merecendo estudos que estabeleçam critérios para uma utilização segura. Neste trabalho são apresentadas análises teóricas e experimentais destas estruturas, onde foi analisada a situação construtiva usual de treliça com nós típicos (extremidade das barras estampadas, sobrepostas e unidas por um único parafuso), e com nós de aço (sistema de conexão formado por uma peça com aletas de aço soldadas). Os resultados experimentais foram obtidos em ensaios de quatro protótipos que simulam um trecho de treliça espacial, constituídos por uma malha quadrada sobre quadrada, composta de nove módulos piramidais de 2,5 x 2,5 x 1,5 (m), totalizando uma estrutura com dimensões iguais a 7,5 x 7,5 x 1,5 (m), apoiada por colunas nos vértices, permitindo comparar a rigidez, o modo de falha e a resistência entre estes protótipos. A análise teórica dos protótipos foi feita admitindo-se os casos de linearidade e também de não linearidade física e geométrica, levando-se em consideração a variação de inércia das barras junto aos nós.In Brazil the use of tubular bars with stamping extremities is common in space steel structures, as it means a significant reduction of cost, when caompared with more elaborete system, due to its simplicity of manufacture and assembly. However it is apparently an uncertain system from a structural point of view, which requires studies establishing safe utilization criteria. This paper presents theorical and experimental analysis of this structures. The usual constructive situation of space structure with \'nós típicos\' (bars with flattened ends, superposed and connected by a unique bolt), and \'nós de aço\' (connection system formed by a piece with steel fin welded) was studied. The experimental results were obtained in tests of four prototypes which simulated a section of space structure composed of a mesh squareon- square, with nine 2.5 x 2.5 x 1.5 (m) pyramidal modules, totaliing a structure with 7.5 x 7.5 x 1.5 (m) dimensions, supported by columns in their vertices, permiting to compare the stiffness, the failure manner and the resistance of this prototypes. The theorical analysis of prototypes was carried out by assuming the cases of linearity and physical and geometric non-linearity, taking into consideration the variation of stiffness of the bars next to the nodes.
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Magalhães, João Ricardo Maia de. "Sobre o projeto e a construção de estruturas metálicas espaciais." Universidade de São Paulo, 1996. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-29052018-104659/.
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O presente trabalho aborda alguns aspectos estruturais e construtivos das estruturas metálicas espaciais. Inicialmente apresentam-se um breve histórico deste sistema estrutural, algumas informações gerais a respeito das classificações das estruturas espaciais, das \'tipologias\' para alguns dos sistemas mais utilizados, assim como exemplos de aplicação destas estruturas. A seguir discutem-se aspectos relativos à análise estrutural, com a apresentação de um breve roteiro de cálculo para uma cobertura em treliça espacial. Finalmente apresentam-se alguns resultados teóricos e experimentais relativos a barras comprimidas de inércia variável ao longo do comprimento.In this work, some structural and constructional aspects of metal space structures are presented. lnitially, a brief review of this structural system is described together with some general informations about classifications, types and applications of usual systems. In addition, some aspects about structural analysis are discussed, presenting a brief guide for a space truss design. Finally, some theoretical and experimental results are illustrated for a case of axial compression members with variable stiffness.
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Souza, Alex Sander Clemente de. "Contribuição ao estudo das estruturas metálicas espaciais." Universidade de São Paulo, 1998. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-26022018-134729/.
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Este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre as estruturas metálicas espaciais abordando os seguintes aspectos: histórico e desenvolvimento, tipos, vantagens do sistema tridimensional e comportamento estrutural. Atenção especial é dispensada às tipologias de treliças espaciais mais comuns no Brasil, formadas por tubos circulares com variações de inércia nas extremidades. A influência da variação de inércia nas extremidades das barras no comportamento destes elementos isoladamente (resistência à compressão) e comportamento global da estrutura, foi estudada via elementos finitos. Descrevem-se vários sistemas de ligações patenteados utilizados em outros países e os comumente usados no Brasil. Apresentam-se resultados experimentais e teóricos de uma treliça espacial com dimensões em planta de 7,5 x 7,5 m. Na análise teórica foram considerados a variação de inércia nas barras e os efeitos da não linearidade geométrica. Analisou-se também, com as mesmas considerações anteriores, modelos de treliças espaciais de dimensões maiores que o modelo ensaiado.This work presents a study of space steel structures including the following aspects: history and development, types, advantages of three-dimensional system and structural behaviour. It is given special attention to the most common types of space trusses in Brazil, composed of tubular sections bars with flattened ends. The influence of the variable stiffness on each element\'s behaviour (compressive strength) and on the global structural behaviour has been studied with the use of finite elements. Various patent connection systems used in other countries and those commonly used in Brazil are described. Experimental and theoretical results of a 7,5 m-long by 7,5 m-wide space truss are presented. In the theoretical analysis, variable stiffness and effects of geometrical non-linearity have been considered. Still applying the above considerations, larger space truss models have been also analysed.
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Walker, Rebecca. "My older brother's tree : everyday violence and the question of the ordinary in Batticaloa, Eastern Sri Lanka." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4092.
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Batticaloa district on the Eastern coast of Sri Lanka has been one of the most disrupted and devastated areas of the island since civil war began in the early 1980s. Ethnically and culturally diverse, the Eastern province has been under the control of different military actors, the Sri Lankan army, the Indian Peace-Keeping Forces, and the LTTE (Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam), however, none maintained full control of the Eastern areas until May 2009 when the Sri Lankan Army successfully defeated the LTTE. Exploring the lives of Tamil communities in Batticaloa, this thesis examines the ways in which people make sense of an ‘everyday life’ shaped by conflict. Following the idiosyncratic journey of the researcher through the uncertain environment of escalating conflict and the aftermath of the tsunami, it builds up a larger picture of life, moving between accounts of everyday violence and suffering and more sustained dwelling on the particular people who are actively making it possible to endure by investing in a more humane future. In areas such as Batticaloa, where violence frames the past, present and foreseeable future, resistance in some shape or form has become a way of life. As Foucault (1976, 2003) maintains, violence which is embedded in social and material structures can create an environment where power and control saturate the routines of the ordinary, making its existence appear ‘normal’. However, from this way of life, what may emerge beyond the more obvious signs of violence, is the fact that people do keep pushing forward. Integral to this is the importance of risk, hope, and trust, which, woven through the interactions of daily activity, mark out what is possible and what is not. The chapters in this thesis, explore individuals who, in the spaces between accepted understandings of ordinary and extraordinary, work around the various controls and constraints to forge habitable spaces in which relations of trust and support can be strengthened and the future can be imagined. Starting with a focus on the relationship between personal narrative and history, I trace the experiences of a woman living through poverty, displacement, and loss. From this I suggest that it is the paradoxical existence of violence, risk, fear, friendship, and trust as worked through the endurance of daily interactions that is integral to understanding the texture of everyday life. Therefore, I argue that what can on the one hand look like a hopeless and negative picture of militancy and violence, can also, contain within it, fragments of hope and survival, captured for example, in the work of local people to reclaim space. I also deal with the complexities of the research experience in a violent environment and look at the strategies that people employ to negotiate and minimize risk in contested and militarized spaces. The second part of the thesis examines the meaning of the everyday and the ordinary through the experiences of a widow and group of fishermen, and thus challenges conventional academic writing which relates ‘normalcy’ in violence prone-areas to peace and productivity. Overall, these chapters argue that a capacity for hope, for building trust, safety, and peace, however fragile and tentative, is as much an integral part of a conflict situation as the more obvious capacity for fear and silence.
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Souza, Arnaldo Nascimento de. "Análise do projeto de estruturas metálicas espaciais: ênfase em coberturas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-30032016-143559/.
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As estruturas metálicas espaciais de cobertura apresentam aspectos diferenciados de projeto. Existem diversos arranjos geométricos possíveis para estas estruturas, cuja escolha está associada, entre outros fatores, às formas e dimensões do contorno, aos pontos de apoio e aos sistemas de conexões empregadas. Neste trabalho, foi analisado o projeto destas estruturas, abordando aspectos históricos, os sistemas de ligação, o comportamento estrutural, as particularidades de projeto, e realizando uma análise numérica de diferentes arranjos geométricos. Foram analisados 27 arranjos geométricos quadrados (66 m x 66 m) e 6 arranjos geométricos retangulares (186 m x 66 m), todos os vãos centrais de 60 m, e com variações na quantidade e posicionamento dos apoios, na disposição das barras do reticulado, na altura e nas dimensões dos módulos. Adotou-se o modelo de treliça ideal em análise elástica linear (teoria de primeira ordem). Com os resultados dos processamentos, realizou-se uma comparação entre os modelos, abrangendo os seguintes aspectos: quantidade de nós e barras, consumo de material, deslocamentos máximos, reações de apoio máximas e esforços internos máximos. O fator que causou maior influência no comportamento dos arranjos analisados foi a disposição dos apoios.The roofing space steel structures have differentiated aspects of design. There are many types of arrangements to these structures, and the choice is associate, among other factors, with the shapes e dimensions of the boundary, with the points of support and with the connection systems employed. In this work was analysed the design of these structures, including the historical aspects, the connection systems, the structural behaviour, the particulars aspects of the design, and a numerical analysis of differents arrangements. Twenty seven square structures (66 m x 66 m) and six rectangular structures (186 m x 66 m) were analysed, all them with 60 m span, and variations in the amount and position of supports, in the member arrangement, in the depth and in the node spacing. These structures were analysed adopting the ideal truss model with elastic linear behaviour. With the results were made a comparison between the arrangements that reports these aspects: amount of nodes and members, material consumption, displacements, support reactions and internal forces. The factor that caused the biggest influence in the behaviour of the space structures analysed was the amount and position of supports.
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Shanmuga, Sundaram Prassanna. "Development of a FPGA-based True Random Number Generator for Space Applications." Thesis, Linköping University, Electronics System, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-54534.
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Random numbers are required for cryptographic applications such as IT security products, smart cards etc. Hardwarebased random number generators are widely employed. Cryptographic algorithms are implemented on FieldProgrammable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). In this work a True Random Number Generator (TRNG) employed for spaceapplication was designed, investigated and evaluated. Several cryptographic requirements has to be satisfied for therandom numbers. Two different noise sources was designed and implemented on the FPGA. The first design wasbased on ring oscillators as a noise source. The second design was based on astable oscillators developed on a separatehardware board and interfaced with the FPGA as another noise source. The main aim of the project was to analyse theimportant requirement of independent noise source on a physical level. Jitter from the oscillators being the source forthe randomness, was analysed on both the noise sources. The generated random sequences was finally subjected tostatistical tests.
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Rådestad, Sofie. "Engagement in urban planning as a consequence of trust : an explorative study of the Slussen redevelopment project opposition." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-197073.
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This study is about the phenomenon of trust as applied in urban planning processes. The study views this concept through the lens of “the opposition” – the dissenting voices to the official narratives of urban planning projects. The main focus in this context is Slussen in Stockholm, Sweden, which is a majorly important redevelopment project as well as a source of heated debate. The methodological approach is qualitative research. The data collection relies on interviews and a discourse analysis of text and language. The interviewees are chosen based on their experience of, or participation in, opposition against the Slussen redevelopment project. The theoretical literature and the interviews are analysed through the theoretical framework of Erik Blennberger’s six analytical themes of trust. This enables a systematic detached approach to analysing the subjective interviews as well enabling a comparison between empirical evidence and relevant theoretical literature. This process resulted in seven categories of (dis)trust emerging from the interview material, which in turn resulted in the conclusion that, based on the study’s main findings three factors were the possible reasons behind the opposition of the Slussen redevelopment project: (1) Slussen as a unique space, (2) Debate character, (3) Authority. Based on these empirical findings and their comparison to the theoretical literature, the study concludes that trust depends on people’s perceptions of trustworthy actions of those who initiate change. That by exploring trust in the statements of oppositional networks over time it is possible to better understand issues regarding implementation of urban planning projects.QC 20161129
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Aydincilar, Yilmaz. "Optimum Design Of Double-layer Grid Systems: Comparison With Current Design Practice Using Real-life Industrial Applications." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612262/index.pdf.
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Double-layer grid systems are three-dimensional pin-jointed structures, which are generally used for covering roofs having large spans. In this study, evolution strategies method is used to optimize space trusses. Evolution strategies method is a type of evolutionary algorithms, which simulate biological evolution and natural selection phenomenon to find the best solution for an optimization problem. In this method, an initial population is formed by various solutions of design problem. Then this initial population starts to evolve by using recombination, mutation, and selection operators, which are adopted for optimization of space trusses by modifying some parameters. Optimization routine continues for a certain number of generations, and best design obtained in this process is accepted as optimum solution.
OFES, a design and optimization software developed for optimum design of steel frames, is modified in this study to handle space truss systems. By using this
v
software, six design examples taken from real-life industrial applications with element numbers changing between 792 and 4412 are studied. The structural systems defined in examples are optimized for minimum weight in accordance with design provisions imposed by Turkish Specification, TS648. The optimization is performed based on selecting member sizes and/or determining the elevation of the structure and/or setting the support conditions of the system. The results obtained are compared with those of FrameCAD, a software which is predominantly used for design of such systems in national current design practice.
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Wilkins, Nathan Allen. "Signal Subspace Processing in the Beam Space of a True Time Delay Beamformer Bank." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1433034139.
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Izydorczyk, Jacek. "Analiza niejednorodnej linii transmisyjnej w środowisku SPICE." Praca habilitacyjna, Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej, 2010. https://delibra.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=1057.
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Gilbreth, Tarah. "The Mall Ain’t Dead Yet! An Aristotelian argument for the continuation of physical retail space with the rise of modern technology." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1811.
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According to Aristotle, for a human being to live their best life, that is a life that flourishes, is to live a political life. A political life is lived best in a polis , or a self - sufficient community, so therefore, the most flourishing human life is one lived in a polis . Also, for a polis to be self - sufficient, its citizens must be flourishing, so there exists a special sort of constitutive relationship between the polis and its citizens. There are certain capacities available to human beings in the polis that promote their flourishing (namely loyalty and trust) that help fulfill important human needs. These capacities are best carried out through various subcommunities in the polis . Subcommunities range in size and interest, but the ones that best fulfil l important human needs also contribute most to the polis, and thus contribute most to human flourishing. In this paper, I will argue that physical retail space is a particular kind of subcommunity that can fulfill an important human need. While it is popular opinion that the shopping mall, and more - broadly physical retail as a whole, does not have a place in the increasingly technologically savvy community, physical retail space offers humans a place to engage that is necessary for their flourishing.
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Lyytinen, Eveliina. "Spaces of trust and mistrust : Congolese refugees, institutions and protection in Kampala, Uganda." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:bfe1f36a-6a8d-4d89-a6e6-05b0d7bbab4c.
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The spatiality of refugee protection has been a key issue for humanitarian practitioners and policy-makers, and it has become of increasing concern in academic studies. This study interrogates the policy and practice-oriented concept of ‘protection space’ in regard to the experiences of the Congolese refugees in the city of Kampala, Uganda. My analysis of ‘protection space’ uses the geographical concepts of the ‘right to the city’ and ‘sense of place’ to emphasise the physical, imagined, lived and relational understandings of urban space. I also investigate the conceptual links between ‘protection’, ‘space’ and ‘trust’. I apply a qualitative case-study approach in this study and collected primary data from individual Congolese refugees, refugee communities and officers of the protection institutions. The data-collection methods included a combination of semi-structured interviews, observation and focus group discussions, supported by visual methods. I rely on aspects of discourse analysis to analyse my textual and visual data. I conclude that the Congolese refugees informing this study conceptualised ‘protection’ not only legally, physically and relationally, but also spiritually. The geographical levels of protection and insecurity that refugees experienced varied: their ‘sense of place’ in relation to the city of exile depended on their micro-, meso-, and macro-scale experiences and perceptions of protection. Given the prevalence of generalised and particularised social mistrust and institutional mistrust – two matters that were intertwined in refugees’ discourses of their everyday urban life – it is concluded that the distinction between protection and insecurity was at times unclear. Refugees, however, found a sense of protection from various ‘communities of trust’, even though their community life was also characterised by struggles over their ‘right to the city’ and inter-community mistrust.
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Schneider, Irena Maryann. "Political trust, corruption and economic development in the former Soviet space." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2018. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/political-trust-corruption-and-economic-development-in-the-former-soviet-space(91add960-ecb2-4e6c-b120-c7227deffccc).html.
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Does corruption make us less likely to trust political institutions? Comparative investigations of this question have shifted from a resounding “yes” to more uncertain prognoses in the last decade. I engage with theories in political economy to help explain high-trust, high-corruption patterns in the former Soviet states, with minor comparison to Latin America and East Asia. Specifically, I use quantitative methods to investigate whether citizens trade off petty corruption concerns in good economic times, and whether they are equally punitive of corruption across the regime spectrum. Finally, I investigate whether economic growth is a boon or burden for incumbent support across Russian subnational regions. To bolster my empirical approach, I critique existing conceptions of political trust and test for the measurement equivalence of political trust across heterogeneous populations. In doing so, I offer new theoretical insight into how citizens relate to their political institutions in the presence of public institutional dysfunction, and I offer new methodological insight into how we can better measure political trust in cross-regime settings.
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Klein, Maria Isabel Pezzi. "Espaço público e cidadania : autoridade, confiança e compromisso." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/142893.
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Esta tese é uma reflexão sobre os arranjos institucionais que compõem as ordens jurídicas e políticas de nossas democracias ocidentais. Queremos mostrar a urgência de uma virada na perspectiva antropológica, como alternativa para superação da imensa crise pela qual passamos, e, para tanto, a filosofia política de Hannah Arendt foi a inspiração certa. Com a Filósofa, aprendemos que é somente na interação do “eu com os outros” que se concretiza a realidade do mundo humano, garantindo a vitalidade do espaço público, sede, por excelência, da ação política. Enquanto permanecermos presos ao individualismo solipsista, reproduzindo o padrão comportamental daquele a quem Hannah Arendt chama de animal laborans, não poderá existir uma esfera verdadeiramente pública, mas, tão-somente, atividades privadas exibidas em público. O que queremos demonstrar é que a possibilidade de superação dos atuais problemas passa pelo afastamento da violência que destrói o poder e esvazia a autoridade, pelo resgate da confiança dos cidadãos e pela afirmação do compromisso entre governantes e governados. Trata-se de uma concreta mudança na perspectiva antropológica subjacente às estruturas institucionais da comunidade política. Sai de cena o animal laborans, dando lugar ao amável zôon politikón, o ser humano, na sua condição plena, que sabe que a liberdade real só existe neste “estar um com o outro” no espaço público, onde há a necessária confiança e o essencial consentimento dos cidadãos para construir e fazer funcionar as ordens jurídicas e políticas. Voltamos os nossos olhos para o passado, examinando os contornos políticos, jurídicos e sociais dos respectivos espaços públicos, antigo, medieval e moderno, avaliando as consequencias no desenvolvimento de nossa compreensão sobre a cidadania. A alternativa de solução que propomos investe no valor da argumentação jurídica, pois acreditamos que a compreensão humana é o outro lado da nossa capacidade de agir. Sendo assim, defendemos, neste trabalho, a máxima importância da argumentação jurídica como um dos componentes da cidadania ativa capaz de recuperar as densidades éticas, jurídicas e políticas do espaço público, dando legitimidade democrática às suas regras de regência.The thesis is a careful thought about the political, social and legal system of our western democracies. It shows how we need, as soon as possible, to make na anthropological overturn, like an alternative to get over the immeasurable crisis we are suffering now. In this task, we are supported by Hannah Arendt’s political philosophy. This wonderful thinker taught that we need to treat the others like equals. At least, if we want to build a human life in the world with a real public space where the political action can happen. If animal laborans keeps the control over the public arena, it will not be a truly public sphere, but only a place where private activities are showed. We will get over the problems if we realize that violence destroys the power and the authority. So, we need to rescue the citizen’s trust and the compromise between the Government and people. It is a real change in the anthropological perspective that deeply affects the political, legal and social orders. Aninal laborans gets out of the public scene. He is replaced by a lovely newcomer: zôon politikón, who lives a truly Human Condition. Actually, he lives in a democratic society in which citizens have access to political debate and can themselves be heard in it. He knows that only in this special place, where we are together, a sphere of open and free discussion is possible. The public space is the place where exists the much-needed trust and the common consent of citizens for build and do work the political and legal orders. We outline a historical retrospect scenery of the western political organizations and their public spheres in order to point out the evolution that happened in the societies in face of the several political, legal and social facts that permeated the last centuries. Especially, we emphasize the effects and consequences of that facts in the citizens’s behavior and citizen’s understanding. We consider that it is quite indispensable to enable and improve the legal reasoning, especially the pratical reasoning, because we believe that the human understanding is the other side of our capacity of action. In this way, we defend the great value of legal reasoning for active citizenship. Actually, we believe in this alternative to recover the ethical, legal and political density of public space, legitimating its rules.
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Komori-Glatz, Miya. ""Cool my doubt is erased": constructive disagreement and creating a psychologically safe space in multicultural student teamwork." De Gruyter, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jelf-2018-0012.
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This paper investigates the roles of disagreement and trust in multicultural teamwork on an English-medium master's programme at an Austrian business university. The teamwork project - assigned by the content teacher - took place mostly outside the classroom and simulated business practice both in terms of the tasks and the multicultural context. Each team comprised two Austrian students and two international students, resulting in an English as a lingua franca (ELF) setting. The teams were observed and audio-/video-recorded, with the analysis focusing on an early stage of the project where they laid the groundwork for the team mental models in terms of establishing the team goals, relationships and communicative practices. Additionally, retrospective interviews were conducted at the end of the project with each of the team members and the lecturer to gain emic insights into the project. The findings suggest a symbiotic relationship between disagreement and trust, in which high levels of trust and the construction of a psychologically safe space allow the team members to disagree with and challenge each other without damaging their relationships, leading to better decisions. In turn, these decisions can contribute to a sense of shared success that strengthens the team's joint identity.
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Edelholm, Nike. "Exploring Spaces of Not Knowing : an Artist View." Thesis, Konstfack, IBIS - Institutionen för bild- och slöjdpedagogik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:konstfack:diva-7000.
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The understanding, I draw from this inquiry has come through a muddy, and complex entangledprocess. I have been re-turning like a "Baradian" earthworm, to experiences of being, in spacesof not-knowing. Digesting the mud, moving it, once more, like worms do, through the body.By doing an agential cut, into two spaces, eventually three strong agents unfold: Risk,Vulnerability, and Trust. Out of this result, an ethical and pedagogical question arise: How totake account of Vulnerability and Trust when encouraging our students to Risk?Entering a space of not knowing is at the foundation of my art practice. When as an arteducator,I went to China to inquire into the educational strategies of Chinese Classical Painting,I found myself thrown into a multitude of spaces of not knowing. This thesis, is an inquiry intohow being in such spaces, perform knowledge. To explore this, I return to the field-notes andvisual material including a report in the form of a visual essay of the study from 2011. I re-turnto this material with new tools and concepts inspired by Karen Barads metaphors of diffractionand earth-worms approach, as well as my artists tools: brush, water colours, ink, and paper;inrtoducing painting as a tool for analysis.As a theoretical approach, I entangle the flat ontology of Deleuze and Guattari, and theonto-epistem-ology of Barad, with the philosophical traditions in China of Buddhism and Dao.From an onto-epistem-ological perspective, I ask the question: "If we know about the worldbecause we are of the world," what knowledge then appear, when we experience our being in theworld as a space of not knowing. In this study, I have found that a space of not knowing performlearning through experiences of Vulnerability, Risk and Trust.The art part of this thesis is connected to Risk as well as to Vulnerability and Trust. Itfeatures a rope hanging from the ceiling to the floor. It is a rope that has been used during severalyears by a Circus artist during performances; hanging high up in the ceiling — demanding focusand presence from him. The installation at Konstfack spring-show 2018 featured the Circus artistrope together with a painting made in the context of Buddhist Vipassana meditation, entanglingmy tactile approach in art, with the text of this thesis.
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Morterolle, Sébastien. "Etude de structures légères déployables pour applications spatiales." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20155/document.
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Les besoins croissants en moyens de télécommunication nécessitent le développement de grands réflecteurs spatiaux paraboliques. Un nouveau concept d'architecture d'antenne déployable est ainsi proposé en partenariat avec le CNES. La conception de son ossature repose sur une revue de solutions pour faire appel à des mécanismes de ciseau associés à des articulations flexibles. Des modélisations numériques par éléments finis sont d'abord développées pour simuler le déploiement par restitution de l'énergie emmagasinée dans ces articulations lors du pliage. Un démonstrateur expérimental avec un système de compensation gravitaire est ensuite réalisé. Des essais et mesures sont effectués pour caractériser son comportement en statique et dynamique puis sont comparés avec les résultats issus des simulations. La mise en forme de la surface réflectrice par un réseau de câbles est étudiée par la suite. Une méthode innovante de recherche de forme permettant d'obtenir un réseau parabolique en tension uniforme est alors proposée. Elle est appliquée à différentes typologies de réseaux et l'erreur de surface résultant de sa facettisation est évaluée. Le procédé d'accrochage de ce réseau sur l'ossature de l'antenne est également traitéThe growing needs in telecommunications require the development of large parabolic reflectors. A new conceptual design for the architecture of a deployable antenna is therefore proposed in partnership with the CNES. The design of its framework is based on a review of solutions which leads to scissor mechanisms associated with flexible joints. Numerical modelings with finite elements are first developed to simulate the deployment by the release of the energy stored in the joints after the folding. An experimental prototype with a gravity compensation device is then realized. Tests and measurements are performed to characterize the static and dynamic behavior and compared with the results of simulations. Shaping of the reflective surface by a net of cables is then studied. A new form-finding method for obtaining a net with a uniform tension is then proposed. It is applied to different parabolic typologies of nets and the error due to surface faceting is evaluated. The process of net attachment on the antenna rim structure is also treated
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Kačírek, Michal. "Sportovní hala." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-372294.
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The aim of the final thesis is to design steel structure of the sports hall in Brno. The design is processed in two options. The option "A" is designed in variant of flat space frame with dimensions 78x46,5 m and the structure height is 13,0 m. The option "B" is designed in variant of truss girder with parabolic lower belt and purlin. Dimensions are 84x46,5 m and the structure height is 12,8 m. Roof covering and curtain walling is made of sendwich panels with polyurethane foam and trapezoidal sheet.
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Badár, Tomáš. "Výstavní pavilon." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-392108.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the work is to design steel structure exhibition pavilion. The building is situated in Brno. The construction is processed in two options. The option A is designed in variant of arched space frame. The internal ground plan dimensions of the building are 42 x 72 meters. Space frame is hinged to the structure of columns. Height in the top of the ship is 16,834 metres. The option B is designed in variant arched truss. The internal ground plan dimensions of the building are 42 x 70 meters. Arched truss is hinged to the structure of columns. Height in the top of the ship is 18,334 metres. The spatial rigidity of the structure is ensured by cross braces. Roof cladding and walls will be made using sandwich panels of KINGSPAN. The main material will be used steel S235.
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Sampaio, Taís Santos. "Análise numérica, via MEF, de ligações em treliças metálicas espaciais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-20042007-164026/.
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As treliças espaciais vêm sendo freqüentemente utilizadas, de forma bastante diversificada, mas seu principal uso é como cobertura de grande vãos. Recentemente, vários acidentes com este tipo de estrutura têm acontecido, principalmente devido a uma série de considerações adotadas para dimensionamento, as quais não condizem com a realidade. Neste contexto, foi feito um estudo do comportamento seguido por estas estruturas. Este trabalho apresenta uma análise teórica, via método dos elementos finitos, de modelos de treliça espacial de seção tubular circular. Tem como objetivo verificar o comportamento de cada sistema de ligação, modelado tridimensionalmente com elementos de casca, associado à treliça espacial, modelada em elementos lineares. Foram estudadas as tipologias usuais de ligação deste tipo de estrutura abordando os problemas causados pelas peculiaridades de cada sistema.Space trusses have been very frequently used in many applications, but its main employment is as roofs of great areas. Recently, many accidents have been occurring with this type of structure, mainly because of a series of adopted design assumptions, which does not fit reality. In this context, the behavior of this type of structure was studied. This study presents a theoretical analysis, using finite element method, of space trusses composed by circular tubular sections. It has as an objective to verify the behavior of each connection system, modeled in 3D by shell finite elements, associated to a space truss, modeled in linear finite elements. The usual typology of connections used in this kind of structure was studied, considering the problems caused by peculiarities of each system.
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Nittler, Josefine, and Mattias Ahlsén. "Key components of building customer trust in the space industry : An investigation of the future of satellite applications." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Industriell teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-447558.
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This study is an empirical case study of the Swedish space- and automation company Unibap AB about how to build trust in the space industry. The space industry is distinctive in the way that space missions are at high stakes because of the high costs and the fact that the technology can not be modified after launch. Reliability and trust are therefore crucial factors of doing business in the space industry. Also, AI-based satellite solutions can bring huge benefits but 60% of the resistance from companies to running AI is linked to lack of trust. The concept of trust has been discussed before in the industrial marketing literature and differentiates between social sources and offer-related sources of trust. However, there appears to be an empirical as well as a theoretical gap when it comes to building trust in the space industry. Because the topic is unexplored, an exploratory methodology is used when interviewing 12 actors in the space- and high-tech industry worldwide. Since one important aspect of offer-related trust seems to be usability, this study also includes a usability evaluation of Unibap's space computer solution SpaceCloud which enables on-board AI applications. Key antecedents of trust in the space industry were found to be transparency, competence, reliability of technology, and exact delivery times. It appears that social- and offer-related trust significantly influence partnerships between companies and that offer-related trust is the most important type of trust to win contracts of tax-funded agencies. Strengths and improvements of the usability of SpaceCloud are also identified, and it is concluded that SpaceCloud has the potential to offer a new way of building satellite applications in the future.
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Nguyen, Khac Duy. "Structural damage identification using experimental modal parameters via correlation approach." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/117289/2/Khac%20Duy%20Nguyen.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This research provides a new damage identification strategy using experimental modal parameters via correlation approach. Two damage identification algorithms using modal strain energy-eigenvalue ratio (MSEE) are presented. Firstly, a method using a simplified term of MSEE called geometric modal strain energy-eigenvalue ratio (GMSEE) is developed. Secondly, the original method is modified using the full term of MSEE, proving better capability of damage identification when used with fewer vibration modes. Performance of the proposed damage identification algorithms has been successfully validated with a numerical model and some experimental models of various scales from small to large.