Journal articles on the topic 'Space sciences not elsewhere classified'
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1
Bannister, Frank, and Dan Remenyi. "Acts of Faith: Instinct, Value and it Investment Decisions." Journal of Information Technology 15, no. 3 (September 2000): 231–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026839620001500305.
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Although well over 1000 journal articles, conference papers, books, technical notes and theses have been written on the subject of information technology (IT) evaluation, only a relatively small subset of this literature has been concerned with the core issues of what precisely is meant by the term ‘value’ and with the process of making (specifically) IT investment decisions. All too often, the problem and highly complex issue of value is either simplified, ignored or assumed away. Instead the focus of much of the research to date has been on evaluation methodologies and, within this literature, there are different strands of thought which can be classified as partisan, composite and meta approaches to evaluation. Research shows that a small number of partisan techniques are used by most decision makers with a minority using a single technique and a majority using a mixture of such techniques of whom a substantial minority use a formal composite approach. It is argued that, in mapping the set of evaluation methodologies on to what is termed the investment opportunity space, that there is a limit to what can be achieved by formal rational evaluation methods. This limit becomes evident when decision makers fall back on ‘gut feel’ and other non-formal/rigorous ways of making decisions. It is suggested that an understanding of these more complex processes and decision making, in IT as elsewhere, needs tools drawn from philosophy and psychology.
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Skinner, G. William, Mark Henderson, and Yuan Jianhua. "China’s Fertility Transition through Regional Space." Social Science History 24, no. 3 (2000): 613–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200010312.
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Key features of reproductive behavior in China vary systematically through space and time. In this article we present an analysis of fertility change in regional space, using a 1% household sample from China’s 1990 population census. Elsewhere,we use the same data to analyze reproductive strategizing, but here we pursue the big picture with a straightforward analysis that takes reported births as an uncomplicated indicator of fertility.The article has three objectives: first, to introduce a novel, multilevel spatial model of regional structure constructed using a geographic information system (GIS); second, to demonstrate the potential for longitudinal data derived from onetime censuses to contribute to historical demography in conjunction with regional analysis; and third, to document the manner in which China’s fertility transition has unfolded in regional space.
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WALTON, JOHN K., and DAVID TIDSWELL. "‘Classified at random by veritable illiterates’: the taking of the Spanish census of 1920 in Guipúzcoa province." Continuity and Change 20, no. 2 (August 2005): 287–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0268416005005503.
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This article offers an approach through administrative and cultural history to the problems associated with gathering and processing data for the Spanish national census of 1920, and by implication for earlier Spanish censuses. It focuses on the Basque province of Guipúzcoa, making use of correspondence between the central statistical office in Madrid, the provincial jefe de estadística and the localities, and of reports on three problematic towns within the province. The issues that emerge regarding ‘undercounting’, the definition of administrative boundaries and the classification of demographic characteristics are set in the wider context of census-taking practices and problems elsewhere in Spain and in other cultures.
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Montmerle, Thierry, Philippe Claeys, Muriel Gargaud, Purificatión López-García, Hervé Martin, Robert Pascal, Jacques Reisse, and Franck Selsis. "9. Life On Earth... And Elsewhere?" Earth, Moon, and Planets 98, no. 1-4 (October 4, 2006): 299–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11038-006-9093-7.
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Zewail, Ahmed H. "Diffraction, crystallography and microscopy beyond three dimensions: structural dynamics in space and time." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 363, no. 1827 (December 6, 2004): 315–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2004.1513.
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In this article we highlight recent developments of ultrafast electron diffraction and crystallography at Caltech. These developments have made it possible to resolve transient structures, both spatially (0.01 Å) and temporally (picosecond and now femtosecond), in the gas phase and condensed media—surfaces, interfaces, and crystals—with wide-ranging applications. With the extension to ultrafast electron microscopy, discussed here and elsewhere, we present an overview of one major research area at our centre, the Laboratory for Molecular Sciences.
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Pukk, Mari. "Printed-pattern headscarves in Kihnu cultural space." Studia Vernacula 11 (November 5, 2019): 78–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/sv.2019.11.78-101.
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This article provides an overview of the unique tradition of wearing headscarves as practiced by the islanders of Kihnu. I discuss the importance of cotton print headscarves in the traditional clothing of Kihnu women and explain the meaning of kallisseltsi headscarves as an intra-community phenomenon, giving an overview of the origin and characteristics thereof.
Printed cotton headscarves are considered an integral part of Kihnu traditional clothing, but as purchased goods they have, up to the present, remained beyond the scope of ethnographic studies. Headscarves are classified by material, origin and purpose. Even today, seven different types of headscarves are known ; names were assigned to the different types based on their patterns.
Headscarves must always be worn in harmony with the main item of clothing: the skirt. The colours and stripes of the skirt convey the events that take place in the course of a woman’s life. Adherence to the rules is supervised by the elders of the community and by the more knowledgeable members who look after the preservation of the island’s traditions. As with wearing, there are also specific unwritten rules concerning the care, storage and folding of headscarves.
In the Kihnu community, the most valuable cotton headscarves are those made of red printed cotton fabric that were produced in Russia, in the factories of Aleksandrov County in the Province of Vladimir in the late 19th century and the early 20th century. Elsewhere in the world, the headscarves are also known by their main colour – Turkish red. Owning kallisseltsi headscarves is, in a way, a status symbol in the Kihnu community: the owner of the largest number of headscarves is considered the proudest and richest. The circulation of headscarves is very carefully monitored, and the most valuable ones are only worn during important life events.
Keywords: Kihnu cultural space, folk costumes, headscarves, communal clothing norms
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Pukk, Mari. "Printed-pattern headscarves in Kihnu cultural space." Studia Vernacula 11 (November 5, 2019): 78–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/sv.2019.11.78-101.
Full textAbstract:
This article provides an overview of the unique tradition of wearing headscarves as practiced by the islanders of Kihnu. I discuss the importance of cotton print headscarves in the traditional clothing of Kihnu women and explain the meaning of kallisseltsi headscarves as an intra-community phenomenon, giving an overview of the origin and characteristics thereof.
Printed cotton headscarves are considered an integral part of Kihnu traditional clothing, but as purchased goods they have, up to the present, remained beyond the scope of ethnographic studies. Headscarves are classified by material, origin and purpose. Even today, seven different types of headscarves are known ; names were assigned to the different types based on their patterns.
Headscarves must always be worn in harmony with the main item of clothing: the skirt. The colours and stripes of the skirt convey the events that take place in the course of a woman’s life. Adherence to the rules is supervised by the elders of the community and by the more knowledgeable members who look after the preservation of the island’s traditions. As with wearing, there are also specific unwritten rules concerning the care, storage and folding of headscarves.
In the Kihnu community, the most valuable cotton headscarves are those made of red printed cotton fabric that were produced in Russia, in the factories of Aleksandrov County in the Province of Vladimir in the late 19th century and the early 20th century. Elsewhere in the world, the headscarves are also known by their main colour – Turkish red. Owning kallisseltsi headscarves is, in a way, a status symbol in the Kihnu community: the owner of the largest number of headscarves is considered the proudest and richest. The circulation of headscarves is very carefully monitored, and the most valuable ones are only worn during important life events.
Keywords: Kihnu cultural space, folk costumes, headscarves, communal clothing norms
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Read, Peter L., and Sebastien Lebonnois. "Superrotation on Venus, on Titan, and Elsewhere." Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 46, no. 1 (May 30, 2018): 175–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-earth-082517-010137.
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The superrotation of the atmospheres of Venus and Titan has puzzled dynamicists for many years and seems to put these planets in a very different dynamical regime from most other planets. In this review, we consider how to define superrotation objectively and explore the constraints that determine its occurrence. Atmospheric superrotation also occurs elsewhere in the Solar System and beyond, and we compare Venus and Titan with Earth and other planets for which wind estimates are available. The extreme superrotation on Venus and Titan poses some difficult challenges for numerical models of atmospheric circulation, much more difficult than for more rapidly rotating planets such as Earth or Mars. We consider mechanisms for generating and maintaining a superrotating state, all of which involve a global meridional overturning circulation. The role of nonaxisymmetric eddies is crucial, however, but the detailed mechanisms may differ between Venus, Titan, and other planets.
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Shostak, Moderator: Seth, Participants: Ben Zuckerman, Mitsumi Fujishita, Paul Horowitz, and Dan Werthimer. "Are We Any Closer to Finding Intelligent Life Elsewhere?" Astrobiology 11, no. 6 (July 2011): 487–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ast.2011.1701.
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Matthews, Graham, and Graham Walton. "Strategic development of university library space." New Library World 115, no. 5/6 (May 6, 2014): 237–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/nlw-05-2014-0062.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore issues, approaches and challenges in providing strategic direction to university libraries on developing their physical space in what is increasingly a digital age. A key aspect of the work is to explore how university libraries and their senior staff can widen libraries’ role to inform the strategic direction of formal and informal learning spaces across the institution. Design/methodology/approach – Research and perspectives from across the world provide the context for the study. A single site case study based at Loughborough University in the UK is explored to demonstrate how strategy for university library space is developed. The case study also provides an example of how a university library has extended its influence on other informal learning spaces. Findings – University library physical space has an important role in learning, teaching and research, despite the increase in digital information provision. For effective strategy, information and evidence needs to be collected from a wide range of sources. The experience and skills that university libraries have developed in managing learning spaces can be transferred to learning spaces elsewhere in the university. Research limitations/implications – This is a single site case study. Practical implications – The case study provides approaches and ideas that can be applied by university libraries in the strategic development of learning spaces. Originality/value – The paper provides an innovative and informed insight into how university libraries can influence learning and teaching spaces across university campus/site. Further research would be valuable to identify practice more widely. Surveying, from a library perspective, university and university estate, management strategies for content relating to libraries and formal and informal spaces across the institution and what is going on/being planned in this area would further progress the debate.
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Billi, Daniela. "Desert cyanobacteria under space and planetary simulations: a tool for searching for life beyond Earth and supporting human space exploration." International Journal of Astrobiology 18, no. 05 (September 12, 2018): 483–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147355041800037x.
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AbstractThe astonishing capability of life to adapt to extreme conditions has provided a new perspective on what ‘habitable’ means. On Earth extremophiles thrive in hostile habitats, such as hot and cold deserts or Antarctic sub-glacial lakes considered as Earth analogues of Mars and icy moons of Jupiter and Saturn. Recently desert cyanobacteria were exposed to ground-based simulations of space and Martian conditions and to real space and Martian conditions simulated in low Earth orbit using facilities attached outside the International Space Station. When exposure to such conditions does not exceed repair capabilities, more data are available regarding the physico-chemical constraints that life can withstand. When the accumulated damage exceeds the survival potential, the persistence of biomarkers contributes to the search for life elsewhere. Knowledge concerning the endurance of desert cyanobacteria under space and Martian conditions contributes to the development of life support systems.
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Sunpapao, Anurag, Nakarin Suwannarach, Jaturong Kumla, Reajina Dumhai, Kanamon Riangwong, Sunisa Sanguansub, Samart Wanchana, and Siwaret Arikit. "Morphological and Molecular Identification of Plant Pathogenic Fungi Associated with Dirty Panicle Disease in Coconuts (Cocos nucifera) in Thailand." Journal of Fungi 8, no. 4 (March 23, 2022): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8040335.
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Dirty panicle disease in coconuts (Cocos nucifera) was first observed in the KU-BEDO Coconut BioBank, Nakhon Pathom province, Thailand. The occurrence of the disease covers more than 30% of the total coconut plantation area. The symptoms include small brown to dark brown spots and discoloration of male flowers. Herein, three fungal strains were isolated from infected samples. Based on the morphological characteristics the fungal isolates, they were classified into two genera, namely, Alternaria (Al01) and Fusarium (FUO01 and FUP01). DNA sequences of internal transcribed spacer (ITS), glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1-α), and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2) revealed Al01 as Alternaria burnsii, whereas DNA sequences of ITS, rpb2, and tef1-α identified FUO01 and FUP01 as Fusarium clavum and F. tricinctum, respectively. A pathogenicity test by the agar plug method demonstrated that these pathogens cause dirty panicle disease similar to that observed in natural infections. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the novel dirty panicle disease in coconuts in Thailand or elsewhere, demonstrating that it is associated with the plant pathogenic fungi A. burnsii, F. clavum, and F. tricinctum.
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Tanner, Benjamin R., Chad S. Lane, Elizabeth M. Martin, Robert Young, and Beverly Collins. "Sedimentary Proxy Evidence of a Mid-Holocene Hypsithermal Event in the Location of a Current Warming Hole, North Carolina, USA." Quaternary Research 83, no. 2 (March 2015): 315–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2014.11.004.
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A wetland deposit from the southern Appalachian mountains of North Carolina, USA, has been radiocarbon dated and shows continuous deposition from the early Holocene to the present. Non-coastal records of Holocene paleoenvironments are rare from the southeastern USA. Increased stable carbon isotope ratios (?13C) of sedimentary organic matter and pollen percentages indicate warm, dry early- to mid-Holocene conditions. This interpretation is also supported byn-alkane biomarker data and bulk sedimentary C/N ratios. These warm, dry conditions coincide with a mid-Holocene hypsithermal, or altithermal, documented elsewhere in North America. Our data indicate that the southeastern USA warmed concurrently with much of the rest of the continent during the mid-Holocene. If the current "warming hole" in the southeastern USA persists, during a time of greenhouse gas-induced warming elsewhere, it will be anomalous both in space and time.
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Masaki, Motofumi, and Akira Koizumi. "Demographic characteristics and their genetic implications in a small island." Journal of Biosocial Science 20, no. 2 (April 1988): 225–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932000017454.
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SummaryThe family registration records from a village population in a small island of Japan are used to assess the effect of demographic differentiation within a population on genetic measures. When the couples studied are classified by birth cohorts and origins, wives of the couples where one spouse came from elsewhere were older at marriage and had a shorter duration of marriage or registration than wives where both spouses were natives of the village. The mean number of offspring is statistically smaller in the former except for the latest cohort, due mainly to out-migration during the reproductive ages which also resulted in low rates of marriage among the offspring within the village. This leads to a small effective population size and an increased likelihood of genetic drift in the overall population.
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Brunello, Anthony R. "The Tragic Fall of Better Angels: Nationalism, Neoliberalism, and the Failure of Responsibility in American Conservativism." World Affairs 184, no. 1 (March 2021): 8–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0043820021989682.
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American political conservatism is distinct from its counterparts in Europe and elsewhere in the world. American conservatives have long staked their claims on devotion to limited government and free-markets, but also on an image of responsibility. Conservatives posed as the “adult in the room,” admonishing the young, the anti-war types, social progressives, ultra-liberals, environmentalists, and socialists for their radicalism and immaturity. Conservatives defended tradition, rules, hierarchy, and social conventions. Today the roles are switching. Conservatives have morphed into a new political space, while many of their more progressive opponents call for rule of law and American institutions of democracy. Conservatives find themselves the problem rather than the solution, displaying a shortsighted and toxic immaturity destructive of democratic institutions. This article explores the transformation with a focus on developments occurring in the 21st century—in America and around the world.
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Annen, Beat. "Urner Wald – Grundlage für eine nachhaltige Entwicklung (Essay)." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 164, no. 8 (August 1, 2013): 220–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2013.0220.
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The forests of the canton of Uri: the foundation of sustainable development (essay) The canton of Uri is characterised by extreme topography: steep slopes and narrow valleys. Limited space is a major challenge for the development of the canton. Prudent management of this mountainous area is necessary to ensure a safe and attractive environment. In this situation, the forest, or to be more precise, the management of the forest, plays a key role. Most of the forest area is classified as protection forest, which is an essential condition to guarantee safety. The overriding management objective for the protective forest is sustainability. The existence of the forest in all its forms is the necessary condition also for biodiversity and landscape beauty. There is strong demand for land on the valley floor, where the main challenge is to protect the few remaining forest areas. Elsewhere however, the forest is expanding and measures must be taken to stop it taking over completely. Forest operations have consequences beyond the forest borders. For these reasons, sustainable management of the forest resource is the foundation of sustainable development of the mountainous canton of Uri.
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Jerrett, Adam, and Peter Mark Howell. "Values throughout the Game Space." Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 6, CHI PLAY (October 25, 2022): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3549520.
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Pro-social themes like empathy and wellbeing are gaining popularity within games to contrast the medium's stigmatised explorations of themes like violence, often to catalyse reflection or even change players' beliefs surrounding complex scenarios. These abstract themes can be classified as a game's "values": elements that are "useful or important" to game designers and their audience. Exploration of values in games was spearheaded by Values at Play, which described how values manifest in games and advocated for their explicit consideration within games and their discourse. Frameworks such as empathy, ethical, and anti-oppressive design all discuss similar values, but present ontological diversity that makes it difficult to collate games and frameworks under the values-conscious design umbrella. Such frameworks also often focus on design approaches and small-scale prototypes but pay less attention to how values influence aspects like publication and play. As such, the present research examines values within each stage of a game's lifecycle: design, development, publication, interaction, and reportage. Doing so provides an understanding of values in multiple game contexts. This provides new perspectives that form the basis of a taxonomy for values in games, which is then presented alongside practical questions for values-conscious designers, publishers, and players to guide its use.
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Pukk, Mari. "Trükimustrilised pearätikud Kihnu kultuuriruumis / Printed Pattern Headscarves in the Cultural Space of the Island of Kihnu." Studia Vernacula 7 (November 4, 2016): 52–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/sv.2016.7.52-73.
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This article provides an overview of the unique tradition of the islanders of Kihnu of wearing headscarves. I discuss the importance of cotton print headscarves in the traditional clothing of Kihnu women and explain the meaning of kallisseltsi headscarves as an intra-community phenomenon, giving an overview of the origin and characteristics thereof.Cotton print headscarves are considered an integral part of Kihnu traditional clothing, but as purchased goods they have, up to the present, remained beyond the scope of ethnographic studies. Headscarves are classified by material, origin and purpose. Even today seven different types of headscarves are known: names were assigned to the different types based on their patterns. Headscarves must always be worn in harmony with the main item of clothing: the skirt. The colours and stripes of the skirt convey the events that take place in the course of a woman’s life. Adherence to the rules is supervised by the elders of the community and the more knowledgeable members who look after the preservation of the island’s traditions. As in the case of wearing, there are specific unwritten rules concerning the care, storage and folding of headscarves.In the Kihnu community the most valuable cotton headscarves are those made of red printed calico that were produced in the late 19th century and the early 20th century in Russia, in the Province of Vladimir in Aleksandrov County. Elsewhere in the world, the headscarves are also known by their main colour – Turkish red. The owning of kallisseltsi headscarves is in a way a status symbol in the Kihnu community: the owner of the largest number of headscarves is considered the proudest and richest. The circulation of headscarves is very carefully monitored and the most valuable ones are only worn during important life events.
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Pukk, Mari. "Trükimustrilised pearätikud Kihnu kultuuriruumis / Printed Pattern Headscarves in the Cultural Space of the Island of Kihnu." Studia Vernacula 7 (November 4, 2016): 52–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/sv.2016.7.52-73.
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This article provides an overview of the unique tradition of the islanders of Kihnu of wearing headscarves. I discuss the importance of cotton print headscarves in the traditional clothing of Kihnu women and explain the meaning of kallisseltsi headscarves as an intra-community phenomenon, giving an overview of the origin and characteristics thereof.Cotton print headscarves are considered an integral part of Kihnu traditional clothing, but as purchased goods they have, up to the present, remained beyond the scope of ethnographic studies. Headscarves are classified by material, origin and purpose. Even today seven different types of headscarves are known: names were assigned to the different types based on their patterns. Headscarves must always be worn in harmony with the main item of clothing: the skirt. The colours and stripes of the skirt convey the events that take place in the course of a woman’s life. Adherence to the rules is supervised by the elders of the community and the more knowledgeable members who look after the preservation of the island’s traditions. As in the case of wearing, there are specific unwritten rules concerning the care, storage and folding of headscarves.In the Kihnu community the most valuable cotton headscarves are those made of red printed calico that were produced in the late 19th century and the early 20th century in Russia, in the Province of Vladimir in Aleksandrov County. Elsewhere in the world, the headscarves are also known by their main colour – Turkish red. The owning of kallisseltsi headscarves is in a way a status symbol in the Kihnu community: the owner of the largest number of headscarves is considered the proudest and richest. The circulation of headscarves is very carefully monitored and the most valuable ones are only worn during important life events.
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Cheong, J. Q. "A global review of COVID-19 Assistance Program for Small Business." GATR Journal of Business and Economics Review 6, no. 4 (March 30, 2022): 30–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/jber.2022.6.4(4).
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Objective – This paper offers a review of the latest studies with regards to the impact of COVID-19 on small businesses in different countries around the world. Methodology – This paper reviewed a compilation of COVID-19 studies focusing on SMEs that was conducted between 2020 and 2022. The review enables us to understand the globally common or underlying challenges to SMEs due to COVID-19, along with an assessment of government’s initiatives that were implemented to alleviate the impact. The review revealed that the pandemic caused a major disruption for small businesses which also acts as a catalyst towards digitization and innovation towards competitiveness which is facilitated by government initiatives. The review process comprises systematic and vast-ranging search for articles related to the subjects to look for evidence, and secondly, for limit the risk of biasness. Findings – This survey of experiences elsewhere might provide insights to policymakers in countries that are struggling to cope with the problem on the initiatives to consider and the additional initiatives that might be necessary to make them effective in their individual country contexts. Novelty – Given limitations of space, we survey only a limited sample of countries from Asia and Europe, along with the US and Canada. Hopefully, their experiences will provide a broad enough spectrum of initiatives for policymakers elsewhere to consider and evaluate. Type of Paper: Review JEL Classification: M21, O38
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Rhee, Seongha, and Hyun Jung Koo. "Multifaceted gustation." Food and terminology 23, no. 1 (November 10, 2017): 38–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/term.23.1.02rhe.
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Korean has a large number of taste terms and the paradigm is continuously expanding since the lexicalization operates systematically on a few robust principles. Based on the taste terms collected from lexicons, dictionaries, web-postings, and elsewhere, we classified the terms and analyzed the lexicalization patterns. In addition to the widely-known five classes of tastes, i.e., sweet, salty, sour, bitter and umami, Korean has three more classes in the basic category, i.e., pungent, fishy and bland. A large number of tactile sensory words to describe the touch sensations in the mouth at the tasting event and expressions denoting characteristic food texture and mastication also join in creating a rich taste vocabulary. The Korean taste lexicalization system is equipped with the means to signal diverse aspects of gustatory sensation, i.e., intensity, depth, purity and duration. Among such means are vowel polarity, consonantal sound symbolism, reduplication and onomatopoeia. The systematicity of taste lexicalization contributes to the plasticity of the paradigm, making the Korean taste vocabulary one of the most productive and elaborate paradigms.
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Llewellyn-Jones, Lloyd. "Manliness, violation, and laughter: rereading the space and context of the Eurymedon vase." Journal of Greek Archaeology 2 (January 1, 2017): 217–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.32028/jga.v2i.583.
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The focus of this short study is a well-known and much discussed object: a red-figured type VII oinochoe, dated to the mid-460s BC and attributed (perhaps) to the Triptolemos Painter, or certainly to his circle. Since Konrad Schauenburg’s 1975 publication of the artefact, it has been known as the ‘Eurymedon Vase.’ It has rightly been classified as ‘unique’ by Amy Smith and although it is beyond the scope of this study to spend too much space re-rehearsing the scholarship on the vase in any detail, a general overview might prove profitable for what follows below.
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Li, Taohong, Hong Shi, Ning Chris Chen, and Luo Yang. "Time-Space Compression Effect of High-Speed Rail on Tourist Destinations in China." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 11, no. 10 (October 18, 2022): 528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11100528.
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This study proposes a time-space compression (TSC) model and evaluates the TSC effect of high-speed rail (HSR) on a sample of 2662 classified tourist destinations from 2008 to 2019 in China with the help of GIS technology. Based on panel models, this study finds that, within five hours: (1) the TSC effect of HSR on tourist destinations in eastern and central China is three times stronger than that in western and north-eastern China; (2) the negative impact coefficient of TSC of HSR on tourist destination development in China within temporal distances (3 h, 4 h, 5 h) are −0.193, −0.117, and −0.091 respectively; and (3) the farther the temporal distance, the weaker the inhibitory effect. Results from this study contribute to the literature by providing empirical evidence of the potentially negative TSC effect on regional and tourism development. Findings provide managerial implications suggesting that tourist destinations should implement marketing policies to retain tourists and prevent the loss of tourists brought by the opening of HSR.
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LOI, Duong Thi, and Phung Thai DUONG. "THE INTEGRATED MODEL DEVELOPMENT FOR ASSESSING URBAN GREEN SPACE QUALITY. A CASE STUDY IN HANOI INNER CITY, VIETNAM." GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites 43, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 912–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.30892/gtg.43310-904.
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Urban Green Space (UGS) is considered fundamental for the sustainable development of the urban economy. The purpose of this study is to assess the quality of urban green space in the Hanoi inner city using the integration of GIS technology, remote sensing, and AHP model. Sentinel 2-MSI data taken in 2020 were utilized to identify three criteria, namely percentage of green, type of green types, and proximity to green. AHP was used to determine the weighted correlation among parameters based on their importance to this phenomenon. As the result, the quality of UGS was classified into four classes, namely very high-quality green, high-quality green, moderate quality green, and low-quality green. The results showed an imbalance in the quality of green space in the study area. In which, areas with high and very high-quality green were distributed mainly on the edge of the city center, accounting for 41% while low quality urban green space was found in the center with 22.4 %.
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Conesa, Francesc C., Hector A. Orengo, Agustín Lobo, and Cameron A. Petrie. "An Algorithm to Detect Endangered Cultural Heritage by Agricultural Expansion in Drylands at a Global Scale." Remote Sensing 15, no. 1 (December 22, 2022): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15010053.
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This article presents AgriExp, a remote-based workflow for the rapid mapping and monitoring of archaeological and cultural heritage locations endangered by new agricultural expansion and encroachment. Our approach is powered by the cloud-computing data cataloguing and processing capabilities of Google Earth Engine and it uses all the available scenes from the Sentinel-2 image collection to map index-based multi-aggregate yearly vegetation changes. A user-defined index threshold maps the first per-pixel occurrence of an abrupt vegetation change and returns an updated and classified multi-temporal image aggregate in almost-real-time. The algorithm requires an input vector table such as data gazetteers or heritage inventories, and it performs buffer zonal statistics for each site to return a series of spatial indicators of potential site disturbance. It also returns time series charts for the evaluation and validation of the local to regional vegetation trends and the seasonal phenology. Additionally, we used multi-temporal MODIS, Sentinel-2 and high-resolution Planet imagery for further photo-interpretation of critically endangered sites. AgriExp was first tested in the arid region of the Cholistan Desert in eastern Pakistan. Here, hundreds of archaeological mound surfaces are threatened by the accelerated transformation of barren lands into new irrigated agricultural lands. We have provided the algorithm code with the article to ensure that AgriExp can be exported and implemented with little computational cost by academics and heritage practitioners alike to monitor critically endangered archaeological and cultural landscapes elsewhere.
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Samad, Md Abdus, Feyisa Debo Diba, and Dong-You Choi. "A Survey of Rain Fade Models for Earth–Space Telecommunication Links—Taxonomy, Methods, and Comparative Study." Remote Sensing 13, no. 10 (May 18, 2021): 1965. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13101965.
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Satellite communication is a promising transmission technique to implement 5G and beyond networks. Attenuation due to rain begins at a frequency of 10 GHz in temperate regions. However, some research indicates that such attenuation effects start from 5–7 GHz, especially in tropical regions. Therefore, modeling rain attenuation is significant for propagating electromagnetic waves to achieve the required quality of service. In this survey, different slant link rain attenuation prediction models have been examined, classified, and analyzed, and various features like improvements, drawbacks, and particular aspects of these models have been tabulated. This survey provides various techniques for obtaining input data sets, including rain height, efficient trajectory length measurement techniques, and rainfall rate conversion procedures. No survey of the Earth–space link models for rain attenuation is available to the best of our knowledge. In this study, 23 rain attenuation models have been investigated. For easy readability and conciseness, the details of each model have not been included. The comparative analysis will assist in propagation modeling and planning the link budget of slant links.
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Hu, Deng, Tian, and Zhao. "A Compensation Method for a Time–Space Variant Atmospheric Phase Applied to Time-Series GB-SAR Images." Remote Sensing 11, no. 20 (October 10, 2019): 2350. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11202350.
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An atmospheric effect is a main error source that affects interferometric measurements. When a ground-based multiple-input multiple-output (GB-MIMO) radar, i.e., a specific type of GBsynthetic aperture radar (GB-SAR), was utilized to continuously monitor an open-pit mine, the interferometric phases of some interferograms were complexly space-variant due to time-variant weather conditions. The conventional method of atmospheric phase (AP) compensation was no longer applicable. This paper proposes an improved compensation method of a time-space variant AP applied to time-series GB-SAR images. The permanent scatterers (PSs) were classified into three types based on their different spatial properties: The noise-dominant PS (NPS), the deformationdominant PS (DPS), and the atmospheric effect-dominant PS (APS). The NPSs were firstly rejected based on the differential phase analysis of neighboring PSs. The DPSs were then rejected based on the cluster partition and selection. With the APSs, the space-variant AP was estimated with a spatial interpolation. To validate the feasibility of the proposed method, short-term and long-term experimental datasets were processed. Comparisons with a conventional method proved that the proposed method can well reduce AP errors and avoid the misunderstanding of motional areas.
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Peters, Ted. "Does extraterrestrial life have intrinsic value? An exploration in responsibility ethics." International Journal of Astrobiology 18, no. 4 (February 27, 2018): 304–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147355041700057x.
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AbstractIf space explorers discover a biosphere supporting life on an off-Earth body, should they treat that life as possessing intrinsic value? This is an ethical quandary leading to a further question: how do we ground a universal moral norm to which the astroethicist can appeal? This article closely analyses various forms of responsibility ethics and finds them weak because they commit the naturalistic fallacy – that is, they ask nature to definethe good. The good, however, is self-defining and not derivable from nature. Even so, a revised responsibility ethic could ground its universal norms on the fact that life and only life can experience and appreciate the good. Conclusion: living creatures possess intrinsic value both on Earth and elsewhere in the Universe.
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Świeca, Andrzej, Teresa Brzezińska-Wójcik, Marta Jolanta Jóźwik, Renata Krukowska, Ewa Skowronek, and Andrzej Tucki. "Selected aspects of the tourist space of the Lublin Region (case study)." Turyzm/Tourism 24, no. 1 (November 20, 2014): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/tour-2014-0010.
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The article presents the results of studies on the tourist space of the Lublin Region conducted so far by employees of the Department of Regional Geography and Tourism at the Faculty of Earth Sciences and Spatial Management of the Maria Curie-Skłodowska University. The studies, regarding the environmental and cultural tourist values, the level of management and transport accessibility, as well as selected elements of the tourism policy of the local authorities, permitted the determination of the tourist potential of spatial units (administrative and physicogeographical) with various importance and character. Areas with varied degrees of attractiveness were distinguished based on their tourist potential. Those classified as attractive and very attractive were described in detail in terms of: the degree of development of the tourist function, functional types of spatial units, perception of tourist space by users, and attitudes of the local community towards the development of tourism.
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Anderson, Anja C., and Axel Brandenburg. "Editorial." International Journal of Astrobiology 4, no. 1 (January 2005): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1473550405002508.
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Astrobiology harbours a number of rather diverse disciplines combining expertise in astronomy and astrophysics, biophysics and biology, chemistry and biochemistry, geophysics and geology, as well as mathematics. The need to foster advances in astrobiology are two-fold. On the one hand, there are many scientific reasons: the discoveries of extra-solar planets which contribute to our understanding of the Solar System and the formation of Earth-like planets, the realization that life can thrive under rather extreme conditions making it more probable for life to exist elsewhere in the Solar System and beyond, and the fact that major resources are being spent in developing the technology to produce artificial life, which helps us to appreciate the range of possibilities that nature may have utilized on Earth or elsewhere. On the other hand, astrobiology touches upon some fundamental questions regarding our very existence, and it is perhaps this that attracts the broad interest of scientists and the public alike. As a result, astrobiology networks and astrobiology centres have been emerging all over the world.
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Cadena, Renata, and Solange Coutinho. "The visual organization of handwriting." Information Design Journal 25, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 157–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/idj.25.2.02cad.
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Abstract This study focuses on a comparison between the writing of Brazilian teachers and students, especially the visual organization of handwriting during the third year of primary school. Data was collected from observing eight different classes for 10 school days each. The analytical corpus was mainly composed of handwritten activities and graphical variations to the writing called textual graphic tools, which were classified within a framework based on the fields of graphic and rhetoric communication. The results compared the teacher and student graphical solutions for informational tasks, and while students reproduced the teachers’ visual strategies, especially the manipulation of space, they also possessed their own practices, where they displayed several creative means to sequence listed items.
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Feniuk, Claire, Andrew Balmford, and Rhys E. Green. "Land sparing to make space for species dependent on natural habitats and high nature value farmland." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286, no. 1909 (August 28, 2019): 20191483. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.1483.
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Empirical evidence from four continents indicates that human food demand may be best reconciled with biodiversity conservation through sparing natural habitats by boosting agricultural yields. This runs counter to the conservation paradigm of wildlife-friendly farming, which is influential in Europe, where many species are dependent on low-yielding high nature value farmland threatened by both intensification and abandonment. In the first multi-taxon population-level test of land-sparing theory in Europe, we quantified how population densities of 175 bird and sedge species varied with farm yield across 26 squares (each with an area of 1 km 2 ) in eastern Poland. We discovered that, as in previous studies elsewhere, simple land sparing, with only natural habitats on spared land, markedly out-performed land sharing in its effect on region-wide projected population sizes. However, a novel ‘three-compartment’ land-sparing approach, in which about one-third of spared land is assigned to very low-yield agriculture and the remainder to natural habitats, resulted in least-reduced projected future populations for more species. Implementing the three-compartment model would require significant reorganization of current subsidy regimes, but would mean high-yield farming could release sufficient land for species dependent on both natural and high nature value farmland to persist.
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Aryaguna, Prama Ardha, Horas Maulite Andrey Gromiko, and Kartika Pratiwi. "STUDY OF POTENTIAL LOCATIONS OF GREEN OPEN SPACE BASED ON PROCUREMENT CONVENIENCE IN WEST JAKARTA." JURNAL GEOGRAFI 14, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/jg.v14i1.27520.
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The Procurement of Public Green Open Space (RTH) in DKI Jakarta Province is carried out by the DKI Jakarta Forestry Service based on the land status of the BPN. The procurement of green open space is passive based on requests from the community. The DKI Jakarta Forestry Service data shows West Jakarta's public green open space has only fulfilled 8.8%. This study aims to assist stakeholders in the procurement of green open space in terms of ease of procurement. The ease aspect is compiled from land-use parameters, BPN land status, spatial pattern zoning, SIPPT, RTH Assets, and raw rice fields. The analysis results show that many areas included in the green zoning in West Jakarta have turned the function of land into built-up land, making it difficult for the local government to acquire land. This research found alternative lands with existing non-built land use conditions and clear land status and potential spatial pattern zoning targeted as green open space land acquisition targets. The analysis results show that from 4071 plots of land, there are 784 plots of land that are very potential with 179 ha. For potential land, there are 3234 plots of land with an area of 301 Ha and 53 plots of land classified as standard with an area of 2.4 Ha. Land with great potential can be used as a procurement priority for the relevant local government in the procurement of green open space in terms of the ease of procurement aspect.Keywords: Green Open Space, GIS, Green Open Space Potential
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Zhang, Chengye, Jun Yue, and Qiming Qin. "Deep Quadruplet Network for Hyperspectral Image Classification with a Small Number of Samples." Remote Sensing 12, no. 4 (February 15, 2020): 647. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12040647.
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This study proposes a deep quadruplet network (DQN) for hyperspectral image classification given the limitation of having a small number of samples. A quadruplet network is designed, which makes use of a new quadruplet loss function in order to learn a feature space where the distances between samples from the same class are shortened, while those from a different class are enlarged. A deep 3-D convolutional neural network (CNN) with characteristics of both dense convolution and dilated convolution is then employed and embedded in the quadruplet network to extract spatial-spectral features. Finally, the nearest neighbor (NN) classifier is used to accomplish the classification in the learned feature space. The results show that the proposed network can learn a feature space and is able to undertake hyperspectral image classification using only a limited number of samples. The main highlights of the study include: (1) The proposed approach was found to have high overall accuracy and can be classified as state-of-the-art; (2) Results of the ablation study suggest that all the modules of the proposed approach are effective in improving accuracy and that the proposed quadruplet loss contributes the most; (3) Time-analysis shows the proposed methodology has a similar level of time consumption as compared with existing methods.
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Pirayesh, Pardis, Homayun Motameni, and Ebrahim Akbari. "Achieving the best defuzzifier in terminology of Persian sentences through classified fuzzy method." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 39, no. 3 (October 7, 2020): 2921–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-191447.
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Fuzzy logic is a multi-valued concept, whose emergence in software sciences has eliminated 0 and 1 computations, putting them within an infinite space of [0,1]. This characteristic of fuzzy logic has resolved ambiguity in numerous previous problems. The sentence roles in Persian language were specified based on the fuzzy logic’s capability to resolve ambiguity. For that purpose, we first obtained the best classification for each defuzzifier, based on which a classified fuzzy was implemented. Nonetheless, the fuzzy system used in this research was classified based on statistical computations. To achieve the best classification, five defuzzification methods (Mean Of Max, Max Of Membership, Largest Of Max, Smallest Of Max, and Central Average) competed in 16 roles each in five classes (different matrices). Finally, Mean of Max with a success rate of 64% proved to be a defuzzifier delivering the best output among 5 different defuzzification methods.
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Purwanto, Purwanto, Sugeng Utaya, Budi Handoyo, Syamsul Bachri, Ike Sari Astuti, Kresno Sastro Bangun Utomo, and Yulius Eka Aldianto. "Spatiotemporal Analysis of COVID-19 Spread with Emerging Hotspot Analysis and Space–Time Cube Models in East Java, Indonesia." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 3 (March 3, 2021): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10030133.
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In this research, we analyzed COVID-19 distribution patterns based on hotspots and space–time cubes (STC) in East Java, Indonesia. The data were collected based on the East Java COVID-19 Radar report results from a four-month period, namely March, April, May, and June 2020. Hour, day, and date information were used as the basis of the analysis. We used two spatial analysis models: the emerging hotspot analysis and STC. Both techniques allow us to identify the hotspot cluster temporally. Three-dimensional visualizations can be used to determine the direction of spread of COVID-19 hotspots. The results showed that the spread of COVID-19 throughout East Java was centered in Surabaya, then mostly spread towards suburban areas and other cities. An emerging hotspot analysis was carried out to identify the patterns of COVID-19 hotspots in each bin. Both cities featured oscillating patterns and sporadic hotspots that accumulated over four months. This pattern indicates that newly infected patients always follow the recovery of previous COVID-19 patients and that the increase in the number of positive patients is higher when compared to patients who recover. The monthly hotspot analysis results yielded detailed COVID-19 spatiotemporal information and facilitated more in-depth analysis of events and policies in each location/time bin. The COVID-19 hotspot pattern in East Java, visually speaking, has an amoeba-like pattern. Many positive cases tend to be close to the city, in places with high road density, near trade and business facilities, financial storage, transportation, entertainment, and food venues. Determining the spatial and temporal resolution for the STC model is crucial because it affects the level of detail for the information of endemic disease distribution and is important for the emerging hotspot analysis results. We believe that similar research is still rare in Indonesia, although it has been done elsewhere, in different contexts and focuses.
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DeFrain, Erica, and Miyoung Hong. "Interiors, Affect, and Use: How Does an Academic Library’s Learning Commons Support Students’ Needs?" Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 15, no. 2 (June 15, 2020): 42–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/eblip29677.
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Abstract
Objective – This study sought to identify the learning needs, satisfaction levels, and preferences of students using an academic library’s learning commons. A particular focus was understanding whether the socio-collaborative environment facilitated by the learning commons was aligned with the institutional objectives of supporting intensive study and scholarly work.
Methods – A mixed methods sequential explanatory study design was used, in which quantitative findings were supplemented by qualitative findings. Data for the study were drawn from 59 hours of observations documenting behaviors of 9,249 individuals, as well as survey responses from 302 students. Three semi-structured focus groups with 10 students were held to discuss and clarify findings.
Results – Behavior mapping and survey data showed that students were largely satisfied with the learning commons and that it was considered a supportive environment for them to complete their stated tasks. Incongruity was observed between the learning commons’ intended and actual use; although 75% of spaces were designated for collaboration, 50% of survey respondents identified independent work as their primary task and 76% of individuals were observed working independently. In focus group discussions, students praised the space for its vibrant ambiance and facilitation of social connections, but acknowledged that more serious study required retreat into quieter spaces found elsewhere in the library.
Conclusion – The learning commons is an important and desirable space for students, providing a safe and community-oriented environment that is located in the center of campus. While students deemed the atmosphere successful for fostering social relationships and creating an overall sense of belonging, care needs to be taken to maintain a proper balance between quiet and collaborative spaces. The methods used in this study underscore the importance of gathering data from multiple sources, offering guidance to other libraries seeking to create, re-envision, and assess their learning spaces.
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Wang, Wei, Caili Yu, Le Zhao, Shuang Xu, and Lei Gao. "Combining SEM and Mercury Intrusion Capillary Pressure in the characterization of pore-throat distribution in tight sandstone and its modification by diagenesis: A case study in the Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin, China." Earth Sciences Research Journal 24, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/esrj.v24n1.84838.
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Determining the characteristics of pore-throat structures, including the space types present and the pore size distribution, is essential for the evaluation of reservoir quality in tight sandstones. In this study, the results of various testing methods, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), pressure-controlled porosimetry (PCP) and rate-controlled porosimetry (RCP), were compared and integrated to characterize the pore size distribution and the effects of diagenesis upon it in tight sandstones from the Ordos Basin, China. The results showed that reservoir spaces in tight sandstones can be classified into those with three types of origins (compaction, dissolution, and clay-related) and that the sizes and shapes of pore space differ depending on origin. Considering the data obtained by mercury injection porosimetry and the overestimation of pore radii by pressure-controlled porosimetry, the full-range pore size distribution of tight sandstones can be determined by combining data from PCP with corrected RCP data. The pore-throat radii in tight sandstone vary from 36 nm to 200 μm, and the distribution curve is characterized by three peaks. The right peak remains similar across the sample set and corresponds to residual intergranular pores and dissolution pores. The middle and left peaks show variation between samples due to the heterogeneity and complexity of nano-scale throat bodies. The average micro-scale pore content is 33.49%, and nano-scale throats make up 66.54%. The nano-scale throat spaces thus dominate the reservoir space of the tight sandstones. Compaction, dissolution, carbonate cementation, and clay cementation have various effects on pore-throats. Compaction and carbonate cementation decrease pore body content. Pore-bridging clay cementation decreases throat space content. As pore-lining clay cementation preserves pore space.
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Westaway, Rob. "Block rotation in western Turkey and elsewhere: 2. Theoretical models." Journal of Geophysical Research 95, B12 (1990): 19885. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/jb095ib12p19885.
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Kurniasih, Dwi, and Mudhiah Umamah. "The Romance of Rosululloh SAW. and Aisyah R.A. in Sayyidah Aisyah Istri Rasulullah Song Lyrics: Cognitive Linguistic Perspective." Research and Innovation in Language Learning 4, no. 2 (July 25, 2021): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.33603/rill.v4i2.4342.
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In the beginning of April 2020 Aisyah Istri Rasulullah song which is a song from Malaysia became one of the videos that dominated trending lists on YouTube. More than 20 video covers of the song Aisyah Istri Rasulullah have controlled the YouTube page. This study aims to describe the metaphorical forms contained in the lyrics of the song Sayyidah Aisyah Istri Rasulullah by using cognitive semantics approach. This study is a descriptive qualitative research. The research data are the lyrics of the song Sayyidah Aisyah Istri Rasulullah that are analyzed using a content analysis technique. The results show that the metaphors found in the lyrics of the song Sayyidah Aisyah Istri Rasulullah could be classified into three types, structural metaphor, orientational metaphor, and ontological metaphor. The applying of metaphors indicates several concepts of imagery scheme, such as identity (matching), circumstance (existence) of object, imagery space in of up-down, state of form in form, the existence bounded space for limited space. The use of metaphors in Sayyidah Aisyah Istri Rasulullah song lyrics aims to convey the contents with sorted words that are easy to understand. Since many people feel that they do not know several hadits about the romance of the romantic story of Rasulullah SAW with Aisyah RA, this song comes as the essence of several hadits that can provide knowledge to the audiences in a practical and concrete way
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Ihsan, Fadhilatul, and Qodarian Pramukanto. "PERENCANAAN LANSKAP KOTA PARIAMAN PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT BERBASIS MITIGASI TSUNAMI." Jurnal Lanskap Indonesia 9, no. 1 (April 14, 2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jli.v9i1.17165.
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The city of Pariaman lied on vurnerable area of two continental plates of Eurasian and Indo-Australian plates and passed by Semangko fault line as well. Based on the index map Threats Tsunami in Indonesia by the National Disaster Management Agency (BMKG), the coastal west area of Sumatra Island is an area of the tsunami hazard. The purpose of this study is to arranging landscape plan of the city of Pariaman based on tsunami mitigation. The method used in this study consists of five phases starting from the preparation, inventory, analysis, and landscape planning. The spasial analysis was conducted to determine the level of tsunami hazard and hazard risk to tsunami in the city of Pariaman which are consist of sensitivity analysis, and analysis of vulnerablility to tsunami. The factors that used in sensitivity analysis are seismicity and run up of tsunami (12 m height), while the vulnerable analysis factors are elevation, slope, coastal morphology, land use, distance from the shoreline, and the distance from the river. The results of analysis show that most area of Pariaman City can be classified into low level hazard risk to tsunami. Based on hazard risk classifica-tion can be developed the concept to proceed landscape plan. Landscape plan can be arranged into protective space, limited use space and development space.
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Hercos, A. P., M. Sobansky, H. L. Queiroz, and A. E. Magurran. "Local and regional rarity in a diverse tropical fish assemblage." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 280, no. 1751 (January 22, 2013): 20122076. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2012.2076.
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Because most species in an ecological assemblage are rare, much of the species richness we value is due to taxa with few individuals or a restricted distribution. It has been apparent since the time of ecological pioneers such as Bates and Darwin that tropical systems have disproportionately large numbers of rare species, yet the distribution and abundance patterns of these species remain largely unknown. Here, we examine the diversity of freshwater fish in a series of lakes in the Amazonian várzea, and relate relative abundance, both as numbers of individuals and as biomass, to the occurrence of species in space and time. We find a bimodal relationship of occurrence that distinguishes temporally and spatially persistent species from those that are infrequent in both space and time. Logistic regression reveals that information on occurrence helps distinguish those species that are rare in this locality but abundant elsewhere, from those that are rare throughout the region. These results form a link between different approaches used to evaluate commonness and rarity. In doing so, they provide a tool for identifying species of high conservation priority in poorly documented but species rich localities.
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Blake, M. L. "Human evolution in space and time, with reference to the niches of librarianship and information processing." Journal of Information Science 11, no. 3 (September 1985): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016555158501100304.
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Darwinian evolution of species entails competition for space and consequent evolution through geological time. Recent hu man activity shows that humans have themselves evolved a second form of evolution which is the converse of the Darwinian process: cultural evolution in space through competition for time. Fitness for this reverse-Darwinian evolution depends chiefly on advanced, high-speed information technology. The transition in biology founded on fixed species to that founded on changing ecological niches is reviewed. Dynamic niches, e.g. fast-flowing rivers, can support more species than correspond ing static niches. It is suggested that cerebral asymmetry, which is specifically human, represents a recent evolution of two cerebral centres for controlling high-level and competitively advantageous information processing, the spatial processing in the right side and, resulting from more marked evolution, the temporal processing in the left side of the brain. Within the library-information niche libraries show dominance of spatial adaptations while information processing shows dominance of temporal adaptations. Advantages of the latter, e.g. time-shared online access, are discussed alongside their side-effects. Infor mation technology (IT) is classified according to increasing temporal component, from high-density storage, through tele communication, to advanced space-independent systems for innovation in IT. The category with the highest temporal component is available only to the information-rich yet is the least taxed. Taxation of space according to its use has a long history of reform; fiscal reform in the social applications of new technologies is now advocated.
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Ridgway, Jessica P., Jessica Schmitt, Ellen Almirol, Monique Millington, Erika Harding, and David Pitrak. "Electronic data sharing between public health department and clinical providers improves accuracy of HIV retention data." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 4, suppl_1 (2017): S421—S422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofx163.1059.
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Abstract Background Retention in care is critical for treatment and prevention of HIV. Many HIV care clinics measure retention rate, but data are often incomplete for patients who are classified as lost to follow-up but may be actually in care elsewhere, moved, or died. The Data to Care (D2C) initiative supports data sharing between health departments and HIV providers to confirm patient care status and facilitate reengagement efforts for out of care HIV patients. Methods The University of Chicago Medicine (UCM) provided an electronic list to the Chicago Department of Public Health (CDPH) of adult HIV-positive patients whose retention status was not certain. Retention in care was defined as at least 2 visits >90 days apart within the prior 12 months. CDPH matched this list of patients with data from the Chicago electronic HIV surveillance database. Matches were based on patient name, including alternative spellings and phonetics, and birth date. CDPH also cross-checked patient names with the CDC’s national enhanced HIV-AIDS Reporting System (eHARS) database. CDPH provided UCM with patient current care status, i.e., patient was in care elsewhere (as verified by lab data), moved out of state, or deceased. Results 780 HIV-positive patients received care in the UCM adult HIV clinic from January 1, 2013 to March 31, 2017. Of these, 360 were retained in care as of March 2017. We shared data with CDPH for 492 patients. Of these, 294 (59.8%) were matched, and 168 (34.1%) had a date of last medical care provided. See Table 1 for patient dispositions, before and after data sharing. 24 (13.4%) of patients believed to be lost to follow up according to UCM records were confirmed either transferred care or deceased according to health department data. Conclusion Data sharing between the health department and HIV providers can improve data accuracy regarding retention in care among people living with HIV. Disclosures J. P. Ridgway, Gilead FOCUS: Grant Investigator, Grant recipient; D. Pitrak, Gilead Sciences FOCUS: Grant Investigator, Grant recipient
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Koşal, Umur. "Society, Spatiality, and the Sacred." Bulletin for the Study of Religion 50, no. 2 (January 5, 2022): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/bsor.19520.
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The Essay provides space for scholars to present peerreviewed research in a manner that uses data studies and critical reflection as occasions for advancing currents in the broader academic study of religion. In this issue, we have two contributions. Umur Ko?al revisits Jerusalem’s Western Wall and submits that a spatial approach can help scholars reconsider the complex relation of sites classified as sacred. And Matteo Di Placido takes yoga studies as an example of a Foucauldian discourse formation and considers the historical and political textures that appear when examined under the light of recent research in the discursive study of religion.
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Kumar, Radha. "Policing everyday life: The FIR in the Tamil countryside, c. 1900–50." Indian Economic & Social History Review 54, no. 3 (July 2017): 361–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019464617710748.
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The judicial archive pertaining to the southern districts of Madras Presidency in the first half of the twentieth century indicates that judges, policemen and colonial subjects shared the belief that reports of crime made to the police, the ‘First Information Reports’ or FIRs, were often fabricated, resulting in what was termed a ‘false case’. This article argues that the prevalence of ‘false cases’ does not simply point to a colonial state that was weak in the countryside or whose judicial machinery had gone awry. Rather, the filing of police reports provided a mechanism for villagers to insert the disputes that were part of everyday life into the state’s legal apparatus and to make claims using the language of colonial law. The documentary practices of the colonial state thus shaped local politics, so that registering complaints with the police was an event in rural conflict, not simply the means of resolving conflict that had occurred earlier or elsewhere. Equally, these negotiations for local power through registering cases reaffirmed the authority of the colonial state in everyday practices that emerged around the figure of the policeman and in the space of the colonial police station.
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Oviatt, Charles G., David B. Madsen, and Dave N. Schmitt. "Late Pleistocene and early Holocene rivers and wetlands in the Bonneville basin of western North America." Quaternary Research 60, no. 2 (September 2003): 200–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0033-5894(03)00084-x.
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AbstractField investigations at Dugway Proving Ground in western Utah have produced new data on the chronology and human occupation of late Pleistocene and early Holocene lakes, rivers, and wetlands in the Lake Bonneville basin. We have classified paleo-river channels of these ages as “gravel channels” and “sand channels.” Gravel channels are straight to curved, digitate, and have abrupt bulbous ends. They are composed of fine gravel and coarse sand, and are topographically inverted (i.e., they stand higher than the surrounding mudflats). Sand channels are younger and sand filled, with well-developed meander-scroll morphology that is truncated by deflated mudflat surfaces. Gravel channels were formed by a river that originated as overflow from the Sevier basin along the Old River Bed during the late regressive phases of Lake Bonneville (after 12,500 and prior to 11,000 14C yr B.P.). Dated samples from sand channels and associated fluvial overbank and wetland deposits range in age from 11,000 to 8800 14C yr B.P., and are probably related to continued Sevier-basin overflow and to groundwater discharge. Paleoarchaic foragers occupied numerous sites on gravel-channel landforms and adjacent to sand channels in the extensive early Holocene wetland habitats. Reworking of tools and limited toolstone diversity is consistent with theoretical models suggesting Paleoarchaic foragers in the Old River Bed delta were less mobile than elsewhere in the Great Basin.
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Zhang, Xiaojun, Haodong Han, Jun Peng, and Yingchun Gou. "Multifractal Analysis of Pore Structure and Evaluation of Deep-Buried Cambrian Dolomite Reservoir with Image Processing: A Case from Tarim Basin, NW China." Geofluids 2020 (September 21, 2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7131573.
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Reservoir pore space assessment is of great significance for petroleum exploration and production. However, it is difficult to describe the pore characteristics of deep-buried dolomite reservoirs with the traditional linear method because these rocks have undergone strong modification by tectonic activity and diagenesis and show significant pore space heterogeneity. In this study, 38 dolostone samples from 4 Cambrian formations of Tarim Basin in NW China were collected and 135 thin section images were analyzed. Multifractal theory was used for evaluation of pore space heterogeneity in deep-buried dolostone based on thin section image analysis. The physical parameters, pore structure parameters, and multifractal characteristic parameters were obtained from the digital images. Then, the relationships between lithology and these parameters were discussed. In addition, the pore structure was classified into four categories using K-means clustering analysis based on multifractal parameters. The results show that the multifractal phenomenon generally exists in the pore space of deep-buried dolomite and that multifractal analysis can be used to characterize the heterogeneity of pore space in deep-buried dolomite. For these samples, multifractal parameters, such as αmin, αmax, ΔαL, ΔαR, Δf, and AI, correlate strongly with porosity but only slightly with permeability. However, the parameter Δα, which is usually used to reveal heterogeneity, does not show an obvious link with petrophysical properties. Of dolomites with different fabrics, fine crystalline dolomite and medium crystalline dolomite show the best petrophysical properties and show significant differences in multifractal parameters compared to other dolomites. More accurate porosity estimations were obtained with the multifractal generalized fractal dimension, which provides a new method for porosity prediction. The various categories derived from the K-means clustering analysis of multifractal parameters show distinct differences in petrophysical properties. This proves that reservoir evaluation and pore structure classification can be accurately performed with the K-means clustering analysis method based on multifractal parameters of pore space in deep-buried dolomite reservoirs.
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Venyo, Anthony Kodzo-Grey. "Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma of the Prostate Gland: A Review and Update." Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics 5, no. 3 (July 26, 2021): 01–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2640-1053/082.
Full textAbstract:
Signet-ring cell carcinoma of the prostate gland (SRCCP) an uncommon and aggressive malignant tumour of the prostate gland which is characterized by histopathology examination features of compression of the nucleus into the form of a crescent by a large cytoplasmic vacuole. SRCCPs that have so far been reported have been either (a) primary tumours, metastatic tumours with the primary tumour elsewhere with the gastro-intestinal tract being the site of the primary tumour but the primary tumour could originate elsewhere, and additionally some reported SRCCPs have been classified as carcinoma of unknown primary. SRCCP could be a pure tumour or a tumour that is contemporaneously associated with other types of tumour including various variants of adenocarcinoma. SRCCP can manifest in various ways including: Incidental finding following prostatectomy that has been undertaken for a presumed benign prostatic hyperplasia, lower urinary tract symptoms, visible and non-visible haematuria, raised levels of serum PSA but some SRCCPs have been diagnosed with normal / low levels of serum PSA, there may be a history of dyspepsia in cases of metastatic signet-ring cell carcinoma in association with contemporaneous primary signet-ring cell carcinoma of the stomach or there may be a past history of surgical treatment for signet-ring cell carcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract, or bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract in cases of upper gastrointestinal tract and rectal bleeding as well as change in bowel habit for primary tumours of the anorectal region, retention of urine, and rarely a rectal mass in the case of SRCCP with an anorectal primary tumour. In order to exclude a primary signet ring cell carcinoma elsewhere, a detailed past medical history is required as well as radiology imaging including contrast – enhanced computed tomography (CECT) scan and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CEMRI) scan as well as upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and colonoscopy to exclude a primary lesion within the gastrointestinal tract. Diagnosis of SRCCP requires utilization of the histopathology and immunohistochemistry examination features of prostate biopsy, prostatic chips obtained from trans-urethral resection of prostate specimen or radical prostatectomy specimen. SRCCPs upon immunohistochemistry staining studies tend to show tumour that tend to exhibit positive staining for the following tumour markers as follows: PSA – positive staining for PSA has been variable in some studies, AE1/AE3, CAM 5.2, Ki-67 with a mean of 8%, PAS-diastase, Mucicarmine (50%), Alcian blue (60%), Alpha-methyl-acyl coenzyme A racemase (P504S), and Cytokeratin 5/6. SRCCPs also tend to exhibit negative staining for: Bcl2 (rare positive), and CEA (80%). Traditionally the treatment of Primary Signet-Ring Cell Carcinoma of the Prostate Gland has tended to be similar to the treatment of the traditional adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland which does include: hormonal treatment, radiotherapy, and surgery. Nevertheless, considering that primary SRCCPs and metastatic SRCCPs that have been reported in the literature have generally tended to be associated with an aggressive biological behaviour, even though there is no consensus opinion on the treatment of the disease it would be strongly recommended that these tumours that tend to be associated with rapid progress of the disease and poor survival there is an urgent need to treat all these tumours with aggressive surgery including radical prostatectomy plus adjuvant therapies including: radical radiotherapy, combination chemotherapy, selective prostatic angiography and super-selective embolization of the artery feeding the tumour including intra-arterial infusion of chemotherapy agents directly to the tumour, radiofrequency ablation of the tumour as well as irreversible electroporation of the tumour which should form part of a global multicentre study of various treatment options. With regard to metastatic signet-ring cell carcinomas of the prostate gland with a contemporaneous primary tumour elsewhere the primary tumour should also be treated by radical and complete excision of the primary tumour plus radical surgery and aggressive adjuvant therapy. Considering that SRCCPs have tendered not to respond well to available chemotherapy agents, there is need for urologists, oncologists, and pharmacotherapy research workers to identify new chemotherapy medicaments that would more effectively and safely destroy signet-ring cell tumours in order to improve upon the prognosis.
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MacKenzie, Alex, and Christian Kaunert. "Radicalisation, Foreign Fighters and the Ukraine Conflict: A Playground for the Far-Right?" Social Sciences 10, no. 4 (March 25, 2021): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci10040116.
Full textAbstract:
Ukraine has been viewed by some as having become a training ground, networking opportunity, and general hub for the far-right due to the conflict in the east of the country, which began in 2014. With this type of terrorism on the rise in the West and events like the storming of the US Capitol Building in January 2021 fresh in the memory, it should come as no surprise that any such possibilities will generate concern. To investigate the types and extent of the threats posed by participants in the Ukraine conflict, we scrutinise the activities of a few alumni that we know of to date, as well as highlighting neglected historical episodes of right-wing fighters. We make three arguments here based on occurrences so far. Firstly, we know little about far-right foreign fighters and more attention needs to be paid to historical instances of the phenomenon. Secondly, some limited but diverse threats have already arisen from the Ukraine conflict and others may emerge in the future, but it would be unwise to overplay and homogenise the problem. Finally, it is Ukraine itself that probably faces the greatest challenges from its domestic far-right, although, if left unchecked, it may affect others in providing a space for, and permitting the growth of, connections with like-minded individuals and groups based elsewhere. Despite our warning about exaggerating the problem, Western security services should be taking the far-right very seriously at present, such as in relation to potential infiltration of them by such elements.