Relevant bibliographies by topics / Soybean – Breeding; Soybean – Drought tolerance

Academic literature on the topic 'Soybean – Breeding; Soybean – Drought tolerance'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Soybean – Breeding; Soybean – Drought tolerance"

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Pimentel, João Roberto, Ivan Ricardo Carvalho, Cristian Troyjack, Gilberto Troyjack Junior, Vinicius Jardel Szareski, Giordano Gelain Conte, Murilo Vieira Loro, Deivid Araújo Magano, and Danieli Jacoboski Hutra. "Water deficit in the soybean breeding." Agronomy Science and Biotechnology 7 (May 27, 2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33158/asb.r128.v7.2021.

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The climate unpredictability causes long periods of drought, becoming the main risk factor in soybeans production fields and consequent losses to farmers in Brazil and worldwide. As sessile organisms, plants are constantly challenged by a wide range of environmental stresses, including drought. Growth constraints and stress due to these environmental changes result in reduced yield and significant harvesting losses. The response to abiotic stresses is a very complex phenomenon, since several stages of plant development can be affected by a particular stress and often several stresses affect the plant simultaneously. In order to mitigate the damages caused by the climate, new soybean cultivars adapted to the drought and the diversified climate are necessary, as well as technological advances in the production of soybeans that must advance with the increase of cultivated area. Therefore, the mechanisms underlying tolerance and adaptation to stress have been the focus of intensive research. In this sense, the objective of this review is to provide an overview of the evolution of genetic improvement regarding the search for more drought-tolerant cultivars, as well as to verify which strategies are used in the genetic improvement of soybean in the search of these genotypes.
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Shahriari, Amir Ghaffar, Zahra Soltani, Aminallah Tahmasebi, and Péter Poczai. "Integrative System Biology Analysis of Transcriptomic Responses to Drought Stress in Soybean (Glycine max L.)." Genes 13, no. 10 (September 26, 2022): 1732. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13101732.

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Drought is a major abiotic stressor that causes yield losses and limits the growing area for most crops. Soybeans are an important legume crop that is sensitive to water-deficit conditions and suffers heavy yield losses from drought stress. To improve drought-tolerant soybean cultivars through breeding, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms of drought tolerance in soybeans. In this study, we applied several transcriptome datasets obtained from soybean plants under drought stress in comparison to those grown under normal conditions to identify novel drought-responsive genes and their underlying molecular mechanisms. We found 2168 significant up/downregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 8 core modules using gene co-expression analysis to predict their biological roles in drought tolerance. Gene Ontology and KEGG analyses revealed key biological processes and metabolic pathways involved in drought tolerance, such as photosynthesis, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and cytokinin dehydrogenase activity, and regulation of systemic acquired resistance. Genome-wide analysis of plants’ cis-acting regulatory elements (CREs) and transcription factors (TFs) was performed for all of the identified DEG promoters in soybeans. Furthermore, the PPI network analysis revealed significant hub genes and the main transcription factors regulating the expression of drought-responsive genes in each module. Among the four modules associated with responses to drought stress, the results indicated that GLYMA_04G209700, GLYMA_02G204700, GLYMA_06G030500, GLYMA_01G215400, and GLYMA_09G225400 have high degrees of interconnection and, thus, could be considered as potential candidates for improving drought tolerance in soybeans. Taken together, these findings could lead to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying drought responses in soybeans, which may useful for engineering drought tolerance in plants.
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Zhao, Xingzhen, Zhangxiong Liu, Huihui Li, Yanjun Zhang, Lili Yu, Xusheng Qi, Huawei Gao, Yinghui Li, and Lijuan Qiu. "Identification of Drought-Tolerance Genes in the Germination Stage of Soybean." Biology 11, no. 12 (December 13, 2022): 1812. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11121812.

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Drought stress influences the vigor of plant seeds and inhibits seed germination, making it one of the primary environmental factors adversely affecting food security. The seed germination stage is critical to ensuring the growth and productivity of soybeans in soils prone to drought conditions. We here examined the genetic diversity and drought-tolerance phenotypes of 410 accessions of a germplasm diversity panel for soybean and conducted quantitative genetics analyses to identify loci associated with drought tolerance of seed germination. We uncovered significant differences among the diverse genotypes for four growth indices and five drought-tolerance indices, which revealed abundant variation among genotypes, upon drought stress, and for genotype × treatment effects. We also used 158,327 SNP markers and performed GWAS for the drought-related traits. Our data met the conditions (PCA + K) for using a mixed linear model in TASSEL, and we thus identified 26 SNPs associated with drought tolerance indices for germination stage distributed across 10 chromosomes. Nine SNP sites, including, for example, Gm20_34956219 and Gm20_36902659, were associated with two or more phenotypic indices, and there were nine SNP markers located in or adjacent to (within 500 kb) previously reported drought tolerance QTLs. These SNPs led to our identification of 41 candidate genes related to drought tolerance in the germination stage. The results of our study contribute to a deeper understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying drought tolerance in soybeans at the germination stage, thereby providing a molecular basis for identifying useful soybean germplasm for breeding new drought-tolerant varieties.
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Sichkar, V. I., and S. M. Pasichnyk. "Genetic-physiological basis of legume crops resistance to drought stress." Visnik ukrains'kogo tovaristva genetikiv i selekcioneriv 16, no. 1 (September 7, 2018): 35–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.7124/visnyk.utgis.16.1.901.

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Goal. Identify the effective criteria for drought tolerances of leguminous crops, based on their basis evaluate the recommendation for cultivating soybean cultivars and discuss the mechanisms of resistance on the organism and molecular levels. Methods. The collection and breeding genotypes of soybean, chickpea and pea were grown in field and laboratory experiments as well as cultivars included in the State register of plant varieties suitable for dissemination in Ukraine. The reaction of soybean plants on the effect of water stress was determined in climatic chambers at the temperature of 30–32 °C. Results. The genetic variability in absorption of water by seeds of various soybean cultivars was detected especially at the initial stages of soaking. The tolerance to drought is associated with the level of free proline accumulation and water-keeping proteins in the leaves, the area of the leaf surface, the loss of moisture by the plant for a certain period, the development of the root system. Soybean cultivars Arcadia odesskaya and Hodson distinguished by increased resistance to drought. Conclusions. Tested in the field and laboratory conditions methods for determining resistance to water stress may be recommended for use in breeding research with agricultural crops. Keywords: breeding of leguminous crops, drought tolerance, adaptability to high temperature.
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Fang, Xin, Jia Ma, Fengcai Guo, Dongyue Qi, Ming Zhao, Chuanzhong Zhang, Le Wang, et al. "The AP2/ERF GmERF113 Positively Regulates the Drought Response by Activating GmPR10-1 in Soybean." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 15 (July 24, 2022): 8159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23158159.

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Ethylene response factors (ERFs) are involved in biotic and abiotic stress; however, the drought resistance mechanisms of many ERFs in soybeans have not been resolved. Previously, we proved that GmERF113 enhances resistance to the pathogen Phytophthora sojae in soybean. Here, we determined that GmERF113 is induced by 20% PEG-6000. Compared to the wild-type plants, soybean plants overexpressing GmERF113 (GmERF113-OE) displayed increased drought tolerance which was characterized by milder leaf wilting, less water loss from detached leaves, smaller stomatal aperture, lower Malondialdehyde (MDA) content, increased proline accumulation, and higher Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Peroxidase (POD) activities under drought stress, whereas plants with GmERF113 silenced through RNA interference were the opposite. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual effector-reporter assays showed that GmERF113 binds to the GCC-box in the GmPR10-1 promoter, activating GmPR10-1 expression directly. Overexpressing GmPR10-1 improved drought resistance in the composite soybean plants with transgenic hairy roots. RNA-seq analysis revealed that GmERF113 downregulates abscisic acid 8′-hydroxylase 3 (GmABA8’-OH 3) and upregulates various drought-related genes. Overexpressing GmERF113 and GmPR10-1 increased the abscisic acid (ABA) content and reduced the expression of GmABA8’-OH3 in transgenic soybean plants and hairy roots, respectively. These results reveal that the GmERF113-GmPR10-1 pathway improves drought resistance and affects the ABA content in soybean, providing a theoretical basis for the molecular breeding of drought-tolerant soybean.
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Thu, Nguyen Binh Anh, Quang Thien Nguyen, Xuan Lan Thi Hoang, Nguyen Phuong Thao, and Lam-Son Phan Tran. "Evaluation of Drought Tolerance of the Vietnamese Soybean Cultivars Provides Potential Resources for Soybean Production and Genetic Engineering." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/809736.

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Drought is one of the greatest constraints to soybean production in many countries, including Vietnam. Although a wide variety of the newly produced cultivars have been produced recently in Vietnam through classical breeding to cope with water shortage, little knowledge of their molecular and physiological responses to drought has been discovered. This study was conducted to quickly evaluate drought tolerance of thirteen local soybean cultivars for selection of the best drought-tolerant cultivars for further field test. Differences in drought tolerance of cultivars were assessed by root and shoot lengths, relative water content, and drought-tolerant index under both normal and drought conditions. Our data demonstrated that DT51 is the strongest drought-tolerant genotype among all the tested cultivars, while the highest drought-sensitive phenotype was observed with MTD720. Thus, DT51 could be subjected to further yield tests in the field prior to suggesting it for use in production. Due to their contrasting drought-tolerant phenotypes, DT51 and MTD720 provide excellent genetic resources for further studies underlying mechanisms regulating drought responses and gene discovery. Our results provide vital information to support the effort of molecular breeding and genetic engineering to improve drought tolerance of soybean.
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Chen, Zhanyu, Xiaokun Fang, Xueshun Yuan, Yingying Zhang, Huiying Li, Ying Zhou, and Xiyan Cui. "Overexpression of Transcription Factor GmTGA15 Enhances Drought Tolerance in Transgenic Soybean Hairy Roots and Arabidopsis Plants." Agronomy 11, no. 1 (January 18, 2021): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11010170.

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Soybean (Glycine max) is one of the important oil crops worldwide. In recent years, environmental stresses such as drought and soil salinization have severely deteriorated soybean yield and quality. We investigated the overexpression of the transcription factor GmTGA15 in response to drought stress in transgenic soybean hairy roots and Arabidopsis plants. The results of quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analyses showed that GmTGA15 was greatly induced by salt, PEG6000, salicylic acid (SA), gibberellic acid (GA), abscisic acid (ABA), and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) in soybean. In response to drought stress, the contents of both chlorophyll and proline were significantly increased, while the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly decreased in the soybean hairy roots with the overexpression of GmTGA15 in comparison to wild type (WT). Under the simulated drought conditions, the transgenic Arabidopsis plants showed significantly longer roots and lower mortality than that of the wild type. These results suggest that GmTGA15 promotes tolerance to drought stress in both soybean and Arabidopsis plants. This study provides the scientific evidence for further functional analysis of soybean TGA transcription factors in drought stress and the breeding of drought-resistance crops.
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Ha, Chien Van, Dung Tien Le, Rie Nishiyama, Yasuko Watanabe, Uyen Thi Tran, Nguyen Van Dong, and Lam-Son Phan Tran. "Characterization of the Newly Developed Soybean Cultivar DT2008 in Relation to the Model Variety W82 Reveals a New Genetic Resource for Comparative and Functional Genomics for Improved Drought Tolerance." BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/759657.

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Soybean (Glycine max) productivity is adversely affected by drought stress worldwide, including Vietnam. In the last few years, we have made a great effort in the development of drought-tolerant soybean cultivars by breeding and/or radiation-induced mutagenesis. One of the newly developed cultivars, the DT2008, showed enhanced drought tolerance and stable yield in the field conditions. The purpose of this study was to compare the drought-tolerant phenotype of DT2008 and Williams 82 (W82) by assessing their water loss and growth rate under dehydration and/or drought stress conditions as a means to provide genetic resources for further comparative and functional genomics. We found that DT2008 had reduced water loss under both dehydration and drought stresses in comparison with W82. The examination of root and shoot growths of DT2008 and W82 under both normal and drought conditions indicated that DT2008 maintains a better shoot and root growth rates than W82 under both two growth conditions. These results together suggest that DT2008 has better drought tolerance degree than W82. Our results open the way for further comparison of DT2008 and W82 at molecular levels by advanced omic approaches to identify mutation(s) involved in the enhancement of drought tolerance of DT2008, contributing to our understanding of drought tolerance mechanisms in soybean. Mutation(s) identified are potential candidates for genetic engineering of elite soybean varieties to improve drought tolerance and biomass.
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Fatema, Mst Kaniz, Muhammad Abdullah Al Mamun, Umakanta Sarker, Muhammad Saddam Hossain, Muhammad Abdul Baset Mia, Rajib Roychowdhury, Sezai Ercisli, Romina Alina Marc, Olubukola Oluranti Babalola, and Muhammad Abdul Karim. "Assessing Morpho-Physiological and Biochemical Markers of Soybean for Drought Tolerance Potential." Sustainability 15, no. 2 (January 11, 2023): 1427. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15021427.

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Drought stress provokes plants to change their growth pattern and biochemical contents to overcome adverse situations. Soybean was grown under 40 (drought) and 80% (control) of field capacity (FC) to determine the morpho-physiological and biochemical alterations that occur under drought conditions. The experiment was conducted following a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that drought exerted detrimental effects on photosynthetic attributes, leaf production, pigment and water content, plant growth, and dry matter production of soybean. However, drought favored producing a higher amount of proline and malondialdehyde in soybean leaf than in the control. The pod and seed production, grain size, and seed yield of soybean were also adversely affected by the drought, where genotypic variations were conspicuous. Interestingly, the studied morpho-physiological and biochemical parameters of AGS383 were minimally affected by drought. This genotype was capable of maintaining healthier root and shoot growth, greater leaf area, preserving leaf greenness and cell membrane stability, higher photosynthesis, absorbing water and sustaining leaf water potential, and lower amount of proline and malondialdehyde production under drought conditions. The heavier grains of AGS383 make it out yielder under both growth conditions. Considering the changes in morpho-physiological, biochemical, and yield contributing parameters, the genotype AGS383 could be cultivated as a relatively drought-tolerant, high-yielding soybean variety. Further study is needed to uncover the genes responsible for the adaptation of AGS383 to drought-stress environments, and this genotype might be used as parent material in a breeding program to develop a high-yielding, drought-tolerant soybean variety.
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Avksentiieva, Olga, and Nataliia Taran. "DROUGHT RESISTANCE AND PRODUCTIVITY OF WHEAT AND SOYBEAN ISOGENIC LINES WITH DIFFERENT PHOTOPERIODIC SENSITIVITY." EUREKA: Life Sciences 5 (September 30, 2016): 8–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2504-5695.2016.00226.

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The results of the study of drought tolerance of isogenic (NILs – near isogenic lines) by genes PPD (photoperiod) wheat lines and isogenic by genes ЕЕ (early maturation) soybean lines, that control the photoperiodic sensitivity are presented. In field experiments the photoperiodic sensitivity of the lines when grown under natural long days (16 hours at a latitude of Kharkov) and under artificial short-day (9 hours) is determined. The results showed that line PРD-D1A and PPD-A1a wheat and soybean lines L 71-920 had a weak photoperiodic sensitivity (weak PPDS) and line PPD-B1a wheat and soybean lines L 71-920 - strong photoperiodic sensitivity (strong PPDS). Wheat and soybean lines with weak PPDS were more productive. When simulating drought action on seed germination (20% strength mannitol solution - rapid method), it was showed that the seeds of soybean and wheat lines with weak PPDS have a higher germination than seeds of the lines with strong PPDS. When simulating soil drought (30% FMC – field moisture capacity of the soil) under growing experiment, it was revealed that the biomass accumulation indices of plants, leaf relative water content (RWC) and proline content in leaves lines with weak PPDS were higher than in the photoperiodic lines with strong PPDS. So, all used methods for determining drought tolerance showed that the low photoperiodic sensitivity lines are more resistant to drought. It is assumed that wheat genes PPD and soybean genes EE can participate in the formation of resistance to drought. Genotypes with low photoperiodic sensitivity should be used in breeding soybean and wheat drought resistance.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Soybean – Breeding; Soybean – Drought tolerance"

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White, Damien Scott. "Potential for improving the drought resistance of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) using the transpiration efficiency trait." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AFM/09afmw583.pdf.

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Bibliography: leaves 134-145. The improvement of drought tolerance of commercial soybean varieties via indirect selection for transpiration efficiency (TE) in breeding programs was investigated. The extent and nature of variation for TE among soybean genotypes were established through glasshouse experiments under well watered conditions, and confirmed in the field under contrasting water stress conditions. The results suggest that increasing TE will be a beneficial strategy to improve soybean grain yield at the crop level, and a protocol developed suited to indirect selection for high TE soybean genotypes under a range of environments. This will have immediate application in the development of soybean varieties specifically adapted to the dryland production areas of the Australian sub-tropics.
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Duba, N. "Investigation of the link between drought-induced changes in the expression of a novel sterol biosynthesis gene and drought tolerance in soybean." University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5952.

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Magister Scientiae - MSc (Biotechnology)
Glycine max (soybean) is an important crop species globally as it is used as a protein-rich food and feed crop and as a source of oils used in the food and biofuel industry. However, the growth and yield of soybean is adversely affected by drought. Exposure of soybean to drought leads to accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell membrane instability. Sterols are membrane components that regulates membrane fluidity and permeability. Besides being major components of the cell membranes, sterols such as lanosterol appear to play a role in the regulation of ROS scavenging and some are precursors to brassinosteroids that act as signaling molecules with hormonal function that regulate growth, development and responses to abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity. In this study, the involvement of plant sterols, also known as phytosterols, in the regulation of soybean responses to drought stress was investigated in Glycine max by determining the effects of drought on the expression of a candidate lanosterol synthase gene (Glyma08g24160) and the content of a subset of phytosterols in soybean. The effects of inhibition of sterol synthesis on ROS production and on superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT) and dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) were investigated. The concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as well as superoxide (O2?-) increased in response to drought and sterol synthesis inhibition, however, O2?- concentration and sterol contents declined under drought stress and sterol synthesis inhibition.
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Duba, Nandipha. "Investigation of the link between drought-induced changes in the expression of a novel sterol biosynthesis gene and drought tolerance in soybean." University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6338.

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Magister Scientiae - MSc (Biotechnology)
Glycine max (soybean) is an important crop species globally as it is used as a protein-rich food and feed crop and as a source of oils used in the food and biofuel industry. However, the growth and yield of soybean is adversely affected by drought. Exposure of soybean to drought leads to accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell membrane instability. Sterols are membrane components that regulates membrane fluidity and permeability. Besides being major components of the cell membranes, sterols such as lanosterol appear to play a role in the regulation of ROS scavenging and some are precursors to brassinosteroids that act as signaling molecules with hormonal function that regulate growth, development and responses to abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity. In this study, the involvement of plant sterols, also known as phytosterols, in the regulation of soybean responses to drought stress was investigated in Glycine max by determining the effects of drought on the expression of a candidate lanosterol synthase gene (Glyma08g24160) and the content of a subset of phytosterols in soybean. The effects of inhibition of sterol synthesis on ROS production and on superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT) and dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) were investigated. The concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as well as superoxide (O2-) increased in response to drought and sterol synthesis inhibition, however, O2- concentration and sterol contents declined under drought stress and sterol synthesis inhibition.
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Mangena, Phetole. "Oryza cystatin 1 based genetic transformation in soybean for drought tolerance." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1384.

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Thesis (MSc. (Botany)) -- University of Limpopo, 2015
Soybean is an important source of high quality protein and oil for both humans and animals, especially in protein formulations for pharmaceutical and nutriceutical use. This crop is adversely affected by both biotic and abiotic stresses impacting on its productivity. Soybean productivity can be improved via techniques such Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation. Soybean is recalcitrant and depends on suitable explants from which new shoots can be regenerated and be amenable for transformation. The goal of this study was to produce transgenic soybean plants that are tolerant to drought stress through Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Multiple shoot induction on double and single coty-node explants, obtained from soybean seedlings derived from seeds germinated in vitro on Murashige and Skoog culture medium supplemented with cytokinins was studied. The effect of different concentrations of benzyladenine (1.57, 2.00 and 4.00 mg/l), and benzyladenine (2.00 mg/l) in combination with kinetin (1.00 mg/l) was tested. The results show that the double coty-node explants produce the highest number of shoots per explant, an average of 7.93 shoots on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 2.00 mg/l benzyladenine. The lowest number being 1.87 shoots obtained from single coty-node explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium containing 4.00 mg/l benzyladenine. The single coty-node explants showed lower frequency (10–57%) of shoot induction when compared to the double coty-node explants (50–83%). The suitability of aminoglycoside antibiotics (hygromycin, tetracycline and rifampicin) for efficient elimination of Agrobacterium tumefaciens after co-cultivation was tested using a well agar diffusion assay. Co-culturing double coty-node explants with Agrobacterium containing pTF 101 vector carrying the Oryza cystatin 1 gene resulted in 76.6, 63.3 and 60.0% shoot regeneration on Murashige and Skoog shoot induction media (shoot induction medium 1, shoot induction medium 2 and shoot induction medium 3) containing hygromycin, tetracycline and rifampicin at 500 mg/l respectively. These antibiotics showed the highest zones of inhibition against pTF 101 using the well agar diffusion assay. On the other hand, 85% plant regeneration was obtained during in vivo transformation following Agrobacterium injection into seedlings. These results imply that vi both in vitro and in vivo protocols were suitable for transgenic shoot regeneration and plant establishment since all the plants continued surviving in the presence of 6.00 mg/l glufosinate-ammonium. Future work will focus on screening of transgenic plants using beta-glucuronidase and isolating the protein encoded by the Oryza cystatin 1 gene to further confirm the generation of transformed plants carrying the gene of interest.
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White, Damien Scott. "Potential for improving the drought resistance of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) using the transpiration efficiency trait." Thesis, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/107813.

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The improvement of drought tolerance of commercial soybean varieties via indirect selection for transpiration efficiency (TE) in breeding programs was investigated. The extent and nature of variation for TE among soybean genotypes were established through glasshouse experiments under well watered conditions, and confirmed in the field under contrasting water stress conditions. The results suggest that increasing TE will be a beneficial strategy to improve soybean grain yield at the crop level, and a protocol developed suited to indirect selection for high TE soybean genotypes under a range of environments. This will have immediate application in the development of soybean varieties specifically adapted to the dryland production areas of the Australian sub-tropics.
Thesis (M.Ag.Sc.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Agronomy and Farming Systems, 1998
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Mabulwana, Paseka Tritieth. "Determination of drought stress tolerance among soybean varieties using morphological and physiological markers." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1041.

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Thesis (M.Sc. (Botany))-- University of Limpopo, 2013
The aim of the study was to identify drought tolerant South African soybean cultivars for cultivation where water is a limited resource. Soybean [Glycine max. (L.) Merr] is one of the most important legumes in the world. A lot of attention has been focused on soybean cultivation in South Africa recently. Soybean production is mainly affected by several biotic and abiotic factors which reduce the yield and quality of the crop. Six South African soybean cultivars (LS 677, LS 678, Mopanie, Sonop, Knap and Pan 1564) and two American cultivars (R01 416 and R01 581) were carefully studied for morphological and physiological markers which contribute to drought tolerance. The study was conducted at the University of Limpopo (Turfloop campus). Soybean plants were grown in a glasshouse in a randomised block design given same amounts of nutrients and differing amounts of water (limited and overwatering). Data was collected at R3 growth stage by measuring several morphological (stem length, leaf surface area, flowers and seeds counts) and physiological (percentage chlorophyll, moisture content, total phenolics, total flavonoids, ureide content and antioxidant activity) parameters. An anatomical study was also carried out on the transverse sections of leaves, roots, leaf stalk and nodules. The different cultivars reacted differently to the three water treatments. LS 678 produced the tallest plants whereas those of Pan 1564 were the shortest. Water stress affected plants by reducing the number of flowers produced, the leaf surface area as well as the relative leaf water content. The moisture content of the growth medium was reduced faster as the plants matured and it was also lowered by the limited water availability. Percentage chlorophyll is another trait which was affected by water limitation. Cultivars with high phenolic and flavonoids content were associated with high antioxidant activity and slightly yielded higher than the others. The anatomical transverse sections of the roots and petioles have shown some secondary growth. The anatomy of the nodules of Mopani has shown some interesting differences in response to the three treatments. Limited water decreased xii the size of the vascular tissue and sclerenchyma as a result altering the functionality of the nodule. The anatomy of Sonop’s petiole had a thickened sclerenchymatous bundle sheath covering the phloem tissue. The sclerenchyma tissue is thought to guard against loss of water. The cross section of the leaf had a double layer of palisade mesophyll (upper surface) and only a single layer of spongy mesophyll (lower surface). In addition, the mesophyll and the epidermal cells of Mopani appeared much thicker. In terms of yield, there was no cultivar which yielded the highest but Mopani yielded the lowest. Since Mopani was low yielding, the main focus of the discussion was on the features (morphological, physiological and anatomical) of Mopani which can be associated with drought susceptibility. Some of these features include reduced stem length, large leaf surface area, low relative leaf water content, low growth medium moisture content and low antioxidant activity.
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De, Ronde Jacoba Adriana. "Proline biosynthesis in transgenic soybean plants." Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/10260.

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Plants have evolved numerous strategies for the adaptation to drought. Although many investigations reported on the potential value of proline accumulation during environmental stress, it is still unknown whether or not a constitutive higher level of proline accumulation enhances plant tolerance. Thus, it was investigated if underproduction and overproduction of proline will influence the susceptibility to drought stress in soybean plants. This was made possible with the transformation of soybean plants with an L-Δ¹-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (P5CR) gene. First, an Agrobacterium-mediated vacuum infiltration transformation system, using partially germinating Carnia 2233 soybean seed, was established through the assessment of several conditions that can affect transformation efficiency with the use of β-glucuronidase reporter genes. Transformation was confirmed with PCR and Southern blot analysis and results indicated that stable transgenic soybean plants were obtained within one generation with a transformation rate of± 30%. This technique was used in the transformation of Carnia 2233 soybean seed with the P5CR gene in the antisense orientation under the control of an inducible heat shock gene promoter (IHSP). It was confirmed that the P5CR-IHSP gene construct was integrated into the soybean cells and was conserved over three generations. Physiological screening of the antisense P5CR transgenic plants in the greenhouse proved that, with activation of the promoter, an under-expression of the P5CR gene and subsequent inhibition of the accumulation of proline were experienced during drought and osmotic stress. The decline of the viability of the transgenics with prolonged drought stress, as monitored with a woodenbox screening test, is an indication that proline is needed for survival of soybean plants under drought stress conditions. The transgenic plants demonstrated a sensitive reaction in contrast to the control plants that displayed a tolerant reaction to osmotic stress in a TTC assay. The underexpression of the P5CR gene resulted in a decline protein synthesis due to proline shortage as was observed with the evaluation of the efficiency of protein synthesis. All these results suggest that a decrease in the proline level due to the antisense P5CR gene, yielded plants that are more osmotic and drought stress sensitive. Subsequently, the soybean cultivar Ibis was successfully transformed with the P5CR-IHSP construct in the sense and antisense directions in order to test the reproducibility of the transformation process and to assessed the link between the biochemical traits involved in the drought stress mechanism. Three different experiments were conducted: a mild heat and drought stress on "To" transgenic plants exploring changes in chlorophyll fluorescence transients, a mild heat stress on "T1" transgenic plants comparing proline accumulation and chlorophyll fluorescence transients and a severe drought and heat stress on the "T1" transgenic plants comparing proline accumulation NADP⁺synthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence transients. Chlorophyll fluorescence transients were successfully used as a screening method for transgenic soybean plants during this study. The sense transgenics responded to the mild stresses with a significant decrease in their electron transport, trapping and absorption compared to the antisense plants that displayed significant increases in electron transport and trapping. During the severe stress, the antisense transgenics experienced total photoinhibition indicated by the enormous loss of electron transport but the sense plants had the ability to overcome the stress as is revealed in the increase in the electron transport. It was demonstrated that although proline accumulation yielded no significant differences during the mild heat stress, the sense plants accumulated substantially more proline than the control and antisense plants during the severe heat and drought stress. It was demonstrated that proline plays an important role in the plant's response to a drought stress as well as in the recovery phase after drought, as the sense plants also had the ability to reduce the accumulated proline during the recovery period in contrast to the antisense transgenics that experienced protein degradation. The transgenics responded to a period of heat and drought stress with a reduction in NADP⁺ levels in the antisense plants and increasing levels in the sense plants. The sense plants were able to fully recover after the stress period, thus adaptation to drought may depend on different mechanisms, including the capacity to maintain high levels of proline and to regenerate them through the "reduction" of NADP⁺. It was possible to alter the drought tolerance of Ibis by transformation with antisense and sense P5CR gene constructs, which resulted in respectively more sensitive and more tolerant Ibis plants. It can be concluded that over-expression of P5CR during a drought stress resulted in higher proline levels, better photosynthetic efficiency, higher NADP⁺ production and thus a more drought tolerant plant. This study gave additional proof that a constitutively higher level of proline accumulation enhances drought tolerance in soybean.
Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2000.
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Hlophe, Nhlanhla Lucky, and 何洛菲. "Establishment of an Effective Seedling Screening Method for Drought Stress Tolerance of Soybean Cultivars." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52376766855607558049.

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碩士
國立屏東科技大學
熱帶農業暨國際合作系
102
The contents of Abstract in This Thesis: An important aspect in studies dedicated to drought tolerance in soybeans is the assessment of the degree of drought tolerance of different cultivars. Thus, there is urgent need to determine accurate and effective seedling screening method for drought stress tolerance. The objective of this research was to establish an effective seedling screening method for drought stress tolerance of soybeans cultivars. The first trial was conducted to determine a better container which could show an appropriate gradient slope of soil moisture drop for drought tolerance screening. Results obtained from the plastic boxes showed a good steady drying soil moisture slope for seedling screening from the 3rd to the 6th day. Therefore, boxes were used to develop an appropriate seedlings screening technique for soybean cultivars under water stress environment at seedling and flowering stages. Five soybeans cultivars (KS6, KS7, KS8, KS9 and A), were carefully studied for morphological and physiological markers contributing to drought tolerance both under control and drought stress conditions. Drought stress for seedling screening was imposed in four plastic screening boxes after 10 days from seedling emergence. Significant differences were observed as water stress affected all parameters. Net photosynthesis rate, leaf senescence, leaf area, proline content plant death and yield were the main parameters used to characterize cultivars from drought tolerance and susceptibility. Based on seedling screening, cultivar KS 9 proved to be drought tolerant compared with the check cultivar followed by KS7, KS 6 which showed mild tolerance while KS8 was more susceptible. Results from drought stress initiated at flowering stage showed cultivars KS 8 and KS 6 to be drought tolerant and KS 9 and KS7 as mild with cultivar A as susceptible in terms of all the parameters measured. In conclusion the results indicated that later developmental stages were also sensitive to water deficit. And, the performance of genotypes tolerance to drought can vary from seedling stage. The results further proved that the polypropylene plastic box seedling screening method can be used effectively to screen dryland crops for drought tolerance. Keywords: soybeans, screening technique, drought stress, cultivars
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Scherbert, Lynn Liane. "Evaluation of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) root development in greenhouse solution culture and the relationship to drought tolerance in the field." 1985. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/12725552.html.

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(5930507), Lisseth Zubieta. "Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: crop management systems alter community structure and affect soybean growth and tolerance to water stress." Thesis, 2019.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are best known for their potential to help plants acquire nutrients, especially phosphorous. These microbes improve soil health by promoting soil aggregation and carbon sequestration, and further benefit plants by helping them withstand biotic and abiotic stress. Currently, there are 200 recognized species of AMF within the phylum Glomeromycota. Recent studies indicate that individual AMF species differ in the benefits they provide, with some even acting as parasites. Moreover, AMF community composition can be altered by soil and crop management practices, but the effect of these changes on the benefits conferred by AMF are still not well understood. Consequently, the goal of this study was to determine how two widely used crop management systems can alter the composition of AMF species, and affect the potential for these communities to promote the productivity and drought tolerance. To accomplish this goal, we collected AMF inoculum from a long-term crop systems trial comparing organic and conventional management for use in greenhouse trials where we subjected plants to drought. We collected AMF inoculum during mid-summer when differences between the two management systems were likely cause larger effects on AMF communities, and again in autumn after harvest to see if differences in AMF communities would persist. We determined AMF species composition using next generation sequencing. Results of this study confirm that soil-building practices commonly used in organic farming systems can improve soil health and increase the productivity of food-grade soybeans. They also demonstrate that AMF communities in Indiana croplands are highly diverse, and some of these taxa can improve soybean growth and help plants tolerate water stress. Although the overall diversity of AMF communities did not differ between the organic and conventional management systems in mid-summer, individual AMF taxa did differ between the systems, which were likely responsible for the greater tolerance to water stress observed when plants were amended with inoculum from the organic system. AMF communities present during autumn were significantly different between the two crop management systems, but did not result in differences in drought tolerance of soybeans, indicating that the loss of key AMF taxa in the organic system from the first relative to the second experiment was likely responsible. Finally, plants grown using inoculum from both crop management systems in autumn had greater tolerance to water stress than plants that received a AMF commercial inoculum. This provides further evidence that individual AMF species vary in the benefits they provide, and that the presence of a diverse consortium of AMF species is needed to optimize plant health and productivity in agricultural systems. Agricultural producers should consider incorporating soil-building practices that are commonly used in organic farming systems such as planting winter cover crops, to improve the health of their soil and enhance the productivity of their crops.


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Books on the topic "Soybean – Breeding; Soybean – Drought tolerance"

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N, Balashova N., and Institut ėkologicheskoĭ genetiki (Akademii͡a︡ de Shtiint͡s︡e a RSS Moldova), eds. Soi͡a︡: Aspekty ustoĭchivosti, metody ot͡s︡enki i otbora. Kishinev: "Shtiint͡s︡a", 1990.

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Soia: Aspekty ustoichivosti, metody otsenki i otbora. "Shtiintsa", 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Soybean – Breeding; Soybean – Drought tolerance"

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Le, Thao Duc, and Chung Thi Bao Pham. "Soybean breeding through induced mutation in Vietnam." In Mutation breeding, genetic diversity and crop adaptation to climate change, 40–46. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249095.0004.

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Abstract In Vietnam, soybean is one of the traditional crops and plays an important role in crop rotation, soil improvement and meeting the nutritional needs of humans and livestock. With the aim of generating genetic variability in soybean and creating new soybean varieties to meet the needs of production, induced mutation research has been carried out since the 1980s and has gained outstanding achievements. Induction of modified traits and their incorporation into an ideal genotype was achieved by judicious use of the induced mutation technique. So far, outstanding soybean varieties such as DT84, DT90, DT99, DT2008 and several promising lines have been developed in Vietnam by incorporating desirable traits like high and stable yield (2.0-3.5 t/ha), good quality, drought tolerance, disease resistance (rust, powdery mildew, downy mildew), short growth duration (70-100 days), wide adaptability and suitability for cropping systems and ecological regions in the whole country. The most outstanding variety, DT84, occupies over 50% of the total production area and 80% in Central and North Vietnam (about 70,000-80,000 ha/year). These varieties have also been used as materials for developing several additional improved soybean varieties. Thus, induced mutation research has played an important role in improving soybean varieties in Vietnam.
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Dantas, Stênio Andrey Guedes, Felipe Lopes da Silva, Leonardo Volpato, Rosângela Maria Barbosa, Guilherme de Sousa Paula, Heloisa Rocha do Nascimento, and Marcos Deon Vilela de Resende. "Breeding for Tolerance to Abiotic Stress." In Soybean Breeding, 359–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57433-2_19.

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Satpute, Gyanesh Kumar, Ruchi Shroti, Nishtha Shesh, Viraj G. Kamble, Rucha Kavishwar, Milind B. Ratnaparkhe, Manoj Kumar Srivastava, et al. "Dissection of Physiological and Biochemical Bases of Drought Tolerance in Soybean (Glycine max) Using Recent Phenomics Approach." In Soybean Improvement, 47–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12232-3_2.

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Satpute, Gyanesh Kumar, Milind B. Ratnaparkhe, Subhash Chandra, Viraj Gangadhar Kamble, Rucha Kavishwar, Ajay Kumar Singh, Sanjay Gupta, et al. "Breeding and Molecular Approaches for Evolving Drought-Tolerant Soybeans." In Plant Stress Biology, 83–130. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9380-2_4.

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Specht, J. E., and J. H. Williams. "Breeding for Drought and Heat Resistance: Prerequisites and Examples." In World Soybean Research Conference III: Proceedings, 468–75. New York: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429267932-79.

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Bharti, Abhishek, Richa Agnihotri, Hemant S. Maheshwari, Anil Prakash, and Mahaveer P. Sharma. "Bradyrhizobia-Mediated Drought Tolerance in Soybean and Mechanisms Involved." In In Silico Approach for Sustainable Agriculture, 121–39. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0347-0_7.

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Chen, Huatao, Heng Ye, Tuyen D. Do, Jianfeng Zhou, Babu Valliyodan, Grover J. Shannon, Pengyin Chen, Xin Chen, and Henry T. Nguyen. "Advances in Genetics and Breeding of Salt Tolerance in Soybean." In Salinity Responses and Tolerance in Plants, Volume 2, 217–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90318-7_9.

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Mangena, Phetole. "Genetic Transformation to Confer Drought Stress Tolerance in Soybean (Glycine max L.)." In Sustainable Agriculture Reviews, 193–224. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53017-4_10.

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Nakagawa, Hitoshi. "History of mutation breeding and molecular research using induced mutations in Japan." In Mutation breeding, genetic diversity and crop adaptation to climate change, 24–39. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249095.0003.

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Abstract Following the construction of the Gamma Field at the Institute of Radiation Breeding in 1960, mutation breeding was accelerated in Japan. The facility is used, with a radiation dose up to 2 Gy/day (ca. 300,000 times that of natural background), to induce mutations at a higher frequency than occurs in nature. There have been 318 direct- use mutant cultivars representing 79 species generated through irradiation of gamma-rays, X-rays, ion beams and chemicals and somaclonal variation. Approximately 79% of these direct-use cultivars were induced by radiation. There have been 375 indirect-use mutant cultivars, including 332 rice, of which 162 cultivars (48.8%) were derived from the semi-dwarf mutant cv. 'Reimei'. The economic impact of these mutant cultivars, primarily of rice and soybean, is very large. Some useful mutations are discussed for rice, such as low digestible protein content, low amylose content, giant embryo and non-shattering. Useful mutations in soybean such as radiosensitivity, fatty acid composition and super-nodulation have been identified. Japanese pear and apple resistant to Alternaria disease have also been identified. The achievements of biological research such as characterization and determination of deletion size generated by gamma-rays, the effect of deletion size and the location, and a mechanism of dominant mutation induction are identified. Similarly, genetic studies on mutations generated through the use of gamma-ray induced mutations, such as phytochrome response, aluminium tolerance, stay-green (Mendel's gene) and epicuticular wax have also been conducted. Mutation breeding is a very useful technology for isolating genes and for elucidating gene functions and metabolic pathways in various crops.
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Nakashima, Kazuo, Norihito Kanamori, Yukari Nagatoshi, Yasunari Fujita, Hironori Takasaki, Kaoru Urano, Junro Mogami, et al. "Application of Biotechnology to Generate Drought-Tolerant Soybean Plants in Brazil: Development of Genetic Engineering Technology of Crops with Stress Tolerance Against Degradation of Global Environment." In Crop Production under Stressful Conditions, 111–30. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7308-3_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Soybean – Breeding; Soybean – Drought tolerance"

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Rotaru, Vladimir. "Ifluenţa fosforului si tulpinilor rizobacteriene asupra dezvoltării sistemului radicular la plante de soia (Glycine max L. MERR.) în condiţii deficitului de fosfor si umidiate." In VIIth International Scientific Conference “Genetics, Physiology and Plant Breeding”. Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/gppb7.2021.24.

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Drought and nutrient deficiency are major abiotic factors that limits crop production. This study determined the effect of phosphorus (P) and rhizobacteria application on root system development of soybean plants subjected to P deficiency and drought. The P application alone or in combination with bacteria strains (Pseudomonas fluorescence and Azotobacter chroococcum) increased total roots length irrespective of soil moisture. Root growth of cultivar Horboveanca responded more evidently to treatment with rhizobacteria than cultivar Zodiac under P deficiency. Thus, the experimental results demonstrated that the effectiveness of integrated use of P and rhizobacteria (Pseudomonas fluorescence and Azotobacter chroococcum) promotes roots development of soybean plants under normal soil moisture as well as under temporary drought.
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Pujiwati, H., A. Romeida, Widodo, W. Prameswari, M. l. Husna, and Anandyawati. "Rapid Screening Tolerance of 19 Soybean Varieties to Drought in the Germination Phase." In International Seminar on Promoting Local Resources for Sustainable Agriculture and Development (ISPLRSAD 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.210609.044.

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Savitri, Evika Sandi, and Shaddiqah Munawaroh Fauziah. "Characterization of drought tolerance of GmDREB2 soybean mutants (Glycine max (L.) Merr) by ethyl methane sulfonate induction." In THE 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON GLOBAL RESOURCE CONSERVATION (ICGRC) AND AJI FROM RITSUMEIKAN UNIVERSITY. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5061853.

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Rotaru, Vladimir. "Efecutul rhizobacteriilor benefice asupra formării sistemului simbiotic Glycine Max-Bradyrhizobium Japonicum în funcţie de fertilizare şi nivelul de umiditate a solului." In International Scientific Symposium "Plant Protection – Achievements and Prospects". Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/9789975347204.74.

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A pot experiment under controlled soil moisture conditions was accomplished with the aim to assess the effect of rhizobacteria application Bradyrhizobium japonicum alone or in conjuction with Pseudomonas putida strain on symbiotic system development of soybean in relation to phosphorus and manure fertilization under temporary drought conditions. Mineral and organic fertilizers were applied during filling pots with soil. A half of plants were subjected to moderate drought for 12 days at flowering stage. The experimental results showed that number of nodules increased after rhizobacteria application under mineral as well as under organic fertilization irrespective of soil moisture levels. The highest effect of rhizobacteria was registered in plants under normal irrigation conditions. Experimental data find out that combined application of two rhizobacteria strains displayed synergic effect on nodules development. Thus, the results suggested that application of B. japonicum and Pseudomonas putida strains as biofertilizer contributed to enhance tolerance of soybean plants and promote nodules development under water limited conditions.
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