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Academic literature on the topic 'Southernl Apennines'

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Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Southernl Apennines"

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Matano, Fabio, Silvio Di Nocera, Sara Criniti, and Salvatore Critelli. "Geology of the Epicentral Area of the November 23, 1980 Earthquake (Irpinia, Italy): New Stratigraphical, Structural and Petrological Constrains." Geosciences 10, no. 6 (June 25, 2020): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10060247.

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The geology of the epicentral area of the 1980 earthquake (Irpinia-Lucania, Italy) is described with new stratigraphic, petrographic and structural data. Subsurface geological data have been collected during the studies for the excavation works of the Pavoncelli bis hydraulic tunnel, developing between Caposele and Conza della Campania in an area that was highly damaged during 1980 earthquake. Our approach includes geological, stratigraphic, structural studies, and petrological analyses of rock samples collected along the tunnel profile and in outcropping sections. Stratigraphic studies and detailed geological and structural mapping were carried out in about 200 km2 wide area. The main units cropping out have been studied and correlated in order to document the effects of tectonic changes during the orogenic evolution on the foreland basin systems and the sandstone detrital modes in this sector of the southern Apennines. The multi-disciplinary and updated datasets have allowed getting new insights on the tectono-stratigraphic evolution and stratigraphic architecture of the southern Apennines foreland basin system and on the structural and stratigraphic relations of Apennines tectonic units and timing of their kinematic evolution. They also allowed to better understand the relationships between internal and external basin units within the Apennine thrust belt and its tectonic evolution.
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Schiattarella, Marcello, Salvatore Ivo Giano, and Dario Gioia. "Long-term geomorphological evolution of the axial zone of the Campania-Lucania Apennine, southern Italy: a review." Geologica Carpathica 68, no. 1 (February 1, 2017): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geoca-2017-0005.

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Abstract Uplift and erosion rates have been calculated for a large sector of the Campania-Lucania Apennine and Calabrian arc, Italy, using both geomorphological observations (elevations, ages and arrangement of depositional and erosional land surfaces and other morphotectonic markers) and stratigraphical and structural data (sea-level related facies, base levels, fault kinematics, and fault offset estimations). The values of the Quaternary uplift rates of the southern Apennines vary from 0.2 mm/yr to about 1.2–1.3 mm/yr. The erosion rates from key-areas of the southern Apennines, obtained from both quantitative geomorphic analysis and missing volumes calculations, has been estimated at 0.2 mm/yr since the Middle Pleistocene. Since the Late Pleistocene erosion and uplift rates match well, the axial-zone landscape could have reached a flux steady state during that time, although it is more probable that the entire study area may be a transient landscape. Tectonic denudation phenomena — leading to the exhumation of the Mesozoic core of the chain — followed by an impressive regional planation started in the Late Pliocene have to be taken into account for a coherent explanation of the morphological evolution of southern Italy.
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Laviano, R., and G. Mongelli. "Geochemistry and mineralogy as indicators of parental affinity for Cenozoic bentonites: a case study from S. Croce di Magliano (southern Apennines, Italy)." Clay Minerals 31, no. 3 (September 1996): 391–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.1996.031.3.09.

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AbstractThe major and trace element contents and mineralogical composition of Cenozoic bentonites from the southern Apennines (Italy) have been determined, for the whole-rocks and the <2 µm size-fractions, in order to constrain parental affinities. The main mineralogical and chemical differences have been recognized in eleven samples allowing them to be grouped into two distinct subsets. The differences are based on smectite abundance, occurrence or lack of detrital clay phases, different contents of Ti, Fe, Mn, K, P, Rb, Sc, V, Cr and Ni and differences in the Eu/Eu* and Ti/Al elemental ratios. These ratios indicate an affinity for felsic volcanics for the subset showing high smectite contents. The low smectite subset shows, instead, an affinity for Cretaceous-Oligocene southern Apennine shales. A similar result is obtained using the La-Th-Sc and Th-Sc-Zr/10 diagrams. We suggest that during the deposition of the southern Apennine shales, episodic volcanic events took place. These were associated with the suture stage of the Tethyan ocean that promoted accumulation of felsic ash in the related basin and the diagenetic alteration of these materials produced bentonitic layers interbedded with shales.
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Trionfera, Brando, Alberto Frepoli, Gaetano De Luca, Pasquale De Gori, and Carlo Doglioni. "The 2013–2018 Matese and Beneventano Seismic Sequences (Central–Southern Apennines): New Constraints on the Hypocentral Depth Determination." Geosciences 10, no. 1 (December 30, 2019): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10010017.

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The Matese and Beneventano areas coincide with the transition from the central to the southern Apennines and are characterized by both SW- and NE-dipping normal faulting seismogenic structures, responsible for the large historical earthquakes. We studied the Matese and Beneventano seismicity by means of high-precision locations of earthquakes spanning from 29 December 2013 to 4 September 2018. Events were located by using all of the available data from temporary and permanent stations in the area and a 1D computed velocity model, inverting the dataset with the Velest code. For events M > 2.8 we used P- and S-waves arrival times of the strong motion stations located in the study area. A constant value of 1.83 for Vp/Vs was computed with a modified Wadati method. The dataset consists of 2378 earthquakes, 18,715 P- and 12,295 S-wave arrival times. We computed 55 new fault plane solutions. The mechanisms show predominantly normal fault movements, with T-axis trends oriented NE–SW. Only relatively small E–W trending clusters in the eastern peripheral zones of the Apenninic belt show right-lateral strike-slip kinematics similar to that observed in the Potenza (1990–1991) and Molise (2002 and 2018) sequences. These belong to transfer zones associated with differential slab retreat of the Adriatic plate subduction beneath the Apennines. The Matese sequence (December 2013–February 2014; main shock Mw 5.0) is the most relevant part of our dataset. Hypocentral depths along the axis of the Apenninic belt are in agreement with previous seismological studies that place most of the earthquakes in the brittle upper crust. We confirm a general deepening of seismicity moving from west to the east along the Apennines. Seismicity depth is controlled by heat-flow, which is lower in the eastern side, thus causing a deeper brittle–ductile transition.
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Allocca, V., F. Manna, and P. De Vita. "Estimating annual groundwater recharge coefficient for karst aquifers of the southern Apennines (Italy)." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 18, no. 2 (February 27, 2014): 803–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-803-2014.

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Abstract. To assess the mean annual groundwater recharge of the karst aquifers in the southern Apennines (Italy), the estimation of the mean annual groundwater recharge coefficient (AGRC) was conducted by means of an integrated approach based on hydrogeological, hydrological, geomorphological, land use and soil cover analyses. Starting from the hydrological budget equation, the coefficient was conceived as the ratio between the net groundwater outflow and the precipitation minus actual evapotranspiration (P − ETR) for a karst aquifer. A large part of the southern Apennines, which is covered by a meteorological network containing 40 principal karst aquifers, was studied. Using precipitation and air temperature time series gathered through monitoring stations operating in the period 1926–2012, the mean annual P − ETR was estimated, and its distribution was modelled at a regional scale by considering the orographic barrier and rain shadow effects of the Apennine chain, as well as the altitudinal control. Four sample karst aquifers with available long spring discharge time series were identified for estimating the AGRC. The resulting values were correlated with other parameters that control groundwater recharge, such as the extension of outcropping karst rocks, morphological settings, land use and covering soil type. A multiple linear regression between the AGRC, lithology and the summit plateau and endorheic areas was found. This empirical model was used to assess the AGRC and mean annual groundwater recharge in other regional karst aquifers. The coefficient was calculated as ranging between 50 and 79%, thus being comparable with other similar estimations carried out for karst aquifers of European and Mediterranean countries. The mean annual groundwater recharge for karst aquifers of the southern Apennines was assessed by these characterizations and validated by a comparison with available groundwater outflow measurements. These results represent a deeper understanding of an aspect of groundwater hydrology in karst aquifers which is fundamental for the formulation of appropriate management models of groundwater resources at a regional scale, also taking into account mitigation strategies for climate change impacts. Finally, the proposed hydrological characterizations are also supposed to be useful for the assessment of mean annual runoff over carbonate mountains, which is another important topic concerning water management in the southern Apennines.
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Dichicco, Maria, Michele Paternoster, Giovanna Rizzo, and Rosa Sinisi. "Mineralogical Asbestos Assessment in the Southern Apennines (Italy): A Review." Fibers 7, no. 3 (March 19, 2019): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fib7030024.

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This paper deals with petrography and mineralogy of serpentinitic rocks occurring in the Southern Apennines (Italy) with the aim to review the already available literature data and furnish new details on asbestos minerals present in the studied area. Two sites of Southern Italy were taken into account: the Pollino Massif, at the Calabrian-Lucanian border, and the surroundings of the Gimigliano and Mt. Reventino areas where serpentinites of Frido Unit are mainly exposed. Textural and mineralogical features of the studied rocks point to a similar composition for both sites including asbestos minerals such as chrysotile and tremolite-actinolite series mineral phases. Only in the Pollino Massif serpentinites edenite crystals have been detected as well; they are documented here for the first time. This amphibole forms as fibrous and/or prismatic crystals in aggregates associated with serpentine, pyroxene, and calcite. Metamorphism and/or metasomatic alteration of serpentinites are the most probable processes promoting the edenite formation in the Southern Apennine ophiolitic rocks.
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Gori, Stefano, Emanuela Falcucci, Chiara Ladina, Simone Marzorati, and Fabrizio Galadini. "Active faulting, 3-D geological architecture and Plio-Quaternary structural evolution of extensional basins in the central Apennine chain, Italy." Solid Earth 8, no. 2 (March 23, 2017): 319–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-8-319-2017.

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Abstract. The general basin and range Apennine topographic characteristic is generally attributed to the presently active normal fault systems, whose long-term activity (throughout the Quaternary) is supposed to have been responsible for the creation of morphological/structural highs and lows. By coupling field geological survey and geophysical investigations, we reconstructed the 3-D geological model of an inner tectonic basin of the central Apennines, the Subequana Valley, bounded to the northeast by the southern segment of one of the major active and seismogenic normal faults of the Apennines, known as the Middle Aterno Valley–Subequana Valley fault system. Our analyses revealed that, since the late Pliocene, the basin evolved in a double half-graben configuration through a polyphase tectonic development. An early phase, Late Pliocene–Early Pleistocene in age, was controlled by the ENE–WSW-striking and SSE-dipping Avezzano–Bussi fault, that determined the formation of an early depocentre towards the N–NW. Subsequently, the main fault became the NW–SE-striking faults, which drove the formation during the Quaternary of a new fault-related depocentre towards the NE. By considering the available geological information, a similar structural evolution has likely involved three close tectonic basins aligned along the Avezzano–Bussi fault, namely the Fucino Basin, the Subequana Valley, and the Sulmona Basin, and it has been probably experienced by other tectonic basins of the chain. The present work therefore points out the role of pre-existing transverse tectonic structures, inherited by previous tectonic phases, in accommodating the ongoing tectonic deformation and, consequently, in influencing the structural characteristics of the major active normal faults. This has implications in terms of earthquake fault rupture propagation and segmentation. Lastly, the morpho-tectonic setting of the Apennine chain results from the superposition of deformation events whose geological legacy must be considered in a wider evolutionary perspective. Our results testify that a large-scale basin and range geomorphological feature – often adopted for morpho-tectonic and kinematic evaluations in active extensional contexts, as in the Apennines – just led by range-bounding active normal faults may be actually simplistic, as it could not be applied everywhere, owing to peculiar complexities of the local tectonic histories.
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Amato, Vincenzo, Pietro P. C. Aucelli, Vito Bracone, Massimo Cesarano, and Carmen Maria Rosskopf. "Long-term landscape evolution of the Molise sector of the central-southern Apennines, Italy." Geologica Carpathica 68, no. 1 (February 1, 2017): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geoca-2017-0003.

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AbstractThis paper concerns the reconstruction of the main stages of the long-term landscape evolution of the Molise portion of the central-southern Apennines along a transect divided into three sectors (SW, Central and NE). Analysis mainly focused on geomorphological, stratigraphical and structural data supported by chronological constraints, coming from an overall review of past literature and several studies carried out by the authors of the paper during the last 20 years. The results obtained allowed the elaboration of a conceptual model of the long-term evolution of the Molise sector of the central-southern Apennines. Starting from the Pliocene, the emersion of the Molise area occurred gradually from SW to NE, allowing a polycyclic landscape to evolve under the major controls first of compression then transtensional to extensional tectonics as well as climatic variations. Principal markers of the Quaternary geomorphological evolution of the Molise area are represented by the infill successions of the intermontane tectonic depressions located in its internal, SW sector and by four orders of palaeosurfaces that developed between the Early Pleistocene and the beginning of the Late Pleistocene across the region. These markers testify to the alternation of phases of substantial tectonic stability and uplift whose spatial-temporal distribution could be assessed along the investigated transect. Results highlight that the most important stages of landscape evolution occurred during the Early and Middle Pleistocene. At the beginning of the Late Pleistocene, the Molise sector of the Apennine chain had already reached its present setting and further landscape evolution occurred under the major control of climate and land-use.
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D’errico, Marco, Angelida Di Staso, Annamaria Fornelli, Domenico Guida, Francesca Micheletti, Vincenzo Perrone, and Giuliana Raffaelli. "The Numidian Flysch: a guide formation for the reconstruction of the paleogeography and tectono-sedimentary evolution of southern Apennines." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 185, no. 5 (May 1, 2014): 343–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gssgfbull.185.5.343.

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Abstract The Numidian Flysch shows constant lithological features from the strait of Gibraltar to central Italy. It is characterized by quartzarenites showing grains of monocrystalline, rounded and frosted quartz, and by kaolinitic mudstones. This research has pointed out that in the southern Apennines 1) the Numidian Flysch was deposited exclusively in the Campania-Lucania carbonate platform and in the Lagonegro-Molise basin, both located on the Apulian continental margin, and never is present in tectonic units originated from the oceanic area located west of that margin; 2) in the axial zone of the Lagonegro basin it stratigraphically follows a formation consisting of varicoloured clays (Argille Varicolori Auct.); 3) its age is limited to the early-middle Langhian, that is to say, it begins to sediment about 7 million years later than in the Maghrebian chain and deposited for a time span limited to 1–1.5 Ma. The thickness of the Numidian Flysch gradually decreases towards the north from about 600–1,000 meters to a few tens of meters and in some of the northeastern outcrops it is represented only by some layers of quartzarenites. This is accompanied by a decrease in size of the particles becoming more and more finer. In addition, northwards and frequently in the same section, a lower mineralogical and textural maturity (from quartzarenites to litharenites, and presence of abundant matrix, sub-angular, polycrystalline and deformed quartz grains) is well recognizable. In the Campania-Lucania carbonate platform the Numidian Flysch evolves to pelagic marly-clayey deposits, followed by mineralogically immature turbidite sandstones of Serravallian age. In the Lagonegro basin the Numidian Flysch replaces Cretaceous-lower Miocene turbidite deposits, consisting of limestones and red marls, on the western side of the basin, variegated clays in the axial zone and calcareous turbidites or variegated clays in the eastern side. Since the late Langhian, it evolves to pelagic sediments followed by lower Tortonian immature turbidite sandstones. In the successions of the Molise basin the Numidian Flysch is interbedded in a succession consisting of calcareous turbidites and pelagic limestones and marls, reaching the Messinian. The lithological features and the age of the Numidian Flysch in central-southern Apennines, therefore, point out an evolution different from that of the Numidian Flysch of the Maghrebian chain. During the early Miocene, a paleogeographic barrier or other unknown obstacles prevent Numidian sands from reaching the south-Apenninic domains. In the early Langhian, the disappearance of these obstacles allows sands to reach the deep basins located on the Apulian margin. In the late Langhian the Numidian sedimentation is canceled and replaced by mainly pelagic sediments, which will evolve to foredeep deposits in the Serravallian-Messinian time span. In addition, the significant presence of feldspathic and lithic grains testifies a double detrital supply: polycyclic quartzose sands and kaolinitic mudstones from the African craton and metamorphic and plutonic grains from the Hercynian or older rocks of the internal units of the southern Apennines. The Numidian Flysch of the southern Apennines allows to assign the tectonic units in which is present to the Campania-Lucania carbonate platform or to different zones of the Lagonegro-Molise basin and therefore is of great importance in the reconstruction of both the Mesozoic-Cenozoic paleogeography and a tectono-sedimentary evolution very difficult to decipher, given the convergence of sedimentary facies in the Apenninic deep basins since Cretaceous to Miocene, the presence of several tectonic phases and of out of sequence and back-thrusts.
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Vitale, Stefano, Ernesto Paolo Prinzi, Maria Monda, Francesco D’Assisi Tramparulo, and Sabatino Ciarcia. "Structural and Stratigraphic Setting of Campagna and Giffoni Tectonic Windows: New Insights on the Orogenic Evolution of the Southern Apennines (Italy)." Geosciences 10, no. 10 (October 10, 2020): 405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10100405.

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We present a structural study on the tectonic windows of Giffoni and Campagna, located in the western sector of the southern Apennines (Italy). We analyzed thrusts, folds, and related minor deformation structures. Here, a major in-sequence E-verging thrust fault juxtaposes Meso-Cenozoic successions of the Apennine Platform (Picentini Mts unit) and the Lagonegro-Molise Basin (Frigento unit). However, out-of-sequence thrusts duplicated the tectonic pile with the interposition of the upper Miocene wedge-top basin deposits of the Castelvetere Group. We reconstructed the orogenic evolution of these two tectonic windows, including five deformation phases. The first (D1) was related to the in-sequence thrusting with minor thrusts and folds, widespread both in the footwall and the hanging wall. A subsequent extension (D2) has formed normal faults crosscutting the D1 thrusts and folds. All structures were subsequently affected by two shortening stages (D3 and D4), which also deformed the upper Miocene wedge top basin deposits of the Castelvetere Group. We interpreted the D3–D4 structures as related to an out-of-sequence thrust system defined by a main frontal E-verging thrust and lateral ramps characterized by N and S vergences. Low-angle normal faults were formed in the hanging wall of the major thrusts. Out-of-sequence thrusts are observed in the whole southern Apennines, recording a crustal shortening event that occurred in the late Messinian–early Pliocene. Finally, we suggest that the two tectonic windows are the result of the formation of an E–W trending regional antiform, associated with a late S-verging back-thrust, that has been eroded and crosscut by normal faults (D5) in the Early Pleistocene.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Southernl Apennines"

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Whiteman, Mark Ian. "The anatomy of Mesozoic carbonate platform-margins, southern Apennines, Italy." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1989. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f4df240b-cce7-4ac6-8c40-504e2187d018.

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The stratigraphy and sedimentology of Mesozoic carbonate platform-margins cropping out in southern Italy are investigated. New strati graphic data are presented from northern and eastern slopes of the Apennine carbonate platform, based on locallycorrelated field sections. Thin-section petrography is used to demonstrate the spatial and temporal distribution of derived lithoclasts. Results indicate that southern Apennine platforms underwent repeated erosion during Cretaceous time and possible reasons for this are discussed. Petrographic studies also provided outline sediment parageneses for slopes and platforms, with special reference to the detailed geochemistry of secondary dolomite formation on the eastern margin of the Apulian platform, whose growth is indicated by proton microprobe microanalysis to have been influenced by redox changes. The sedimentary facies and sediment geometries of Upper Cretaceous to Lower Tertiary slope sediments mapped in the Frosolone area are discussed in a case-study. Cross-sections showing geometries of key beds are presented, and depositional controls are discussed. Outcrop data suggest an Early to Middle Jurassic age of basin formation of this sector of the Lagonegro-Molise basin. A further case study from the Mesozoic slope in the Gran Sasso shows sediment geometries at reflection seismic scale, and relates them to possible depositional control by relative sea-level fluctuations. Finally, data from southern Apennine platforms and basins are combined in a tentative sequence stratigraphic framework for the Middle Cretaceous. The results of onedimensional subsidence modelling are presented in order to separate and describe the signals of local tectonics and relative sea-level fluctuations affecting the southern passive-margin of Mesozoic Tethys.
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Gambini, Stefano. "Structural evolution of the Val d'Agri fault system, Southern Apennines, Italy." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.275696.

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Silverii, Francesca <1987&gt. "Study of the transient deformation of Central and Southern Apennines from GPS observations." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7502/1/Silverii_Francesca_tesi.pdf.

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In the last years, geodetic measurements have shown that temporal variations in total groundwater content induce transient deformations of the crust that are mostly reflected in the vertical component. Here we present new GPS observations showing a noticeable non-tectonic transient deformation in the Apennines (Italy), mostly evident in the horizontal components, that correlate with multi-annual hydrological signals as measured by rainfall, GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) and discharge of karst springs. The observed transient signal is superimposed on the long-term ~3mm/yr NE-SW directed active extension, correlates with the seasonal recharge/discharge cycle of groundwater flow and its multi-annual variations and appears to modulate the intensity of tectonic extensional opening in those regions characterized by large carbonate aquifers. In particular, periods of increasing discharge from karstic spring correlate with an enhanced extensional signal, whereas exhaustion periods correlate with reduced extensional signal. Vertical observations, being correlated with GRACE data, reflect the hydrological load variation over regional (European) scale. Horizontal deformations, conversely, affect mostly the sites located near the large carbonate massifs of the Apennines and can't be explained as load induced response. We suggest that the horizontal observed deformation is related to the presence of highly fractured shallow crust that deforms according to variable conditions of the hydraulic head within the large carbonate aquifers. We therefore propose two different models that simulates the effect of a medium permeated with sub-vertical opening fractures. These new findings could contribute to the understanding of the deformation of the large carbonate aquifers and to an improved management of these important natural resources. By focusing on the 2009 L'Aquila earthquake, we finally highlight the difficulties that arise for the estimation of interseimic trends and small tectonic signals in areas affected by such significant non-tectonic deformations.
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Silverii, Francesca <1987&gt. "Study of the transient deformation of Central and Southern Apennines from GPS observations." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7502/.

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In the last years, geodetic measurements have shown that temporal variations in total groundwater content induce transient deformations of the crust that are mostly reflected in the vertical component. Here we present new GPS observations showing a noticeable non-tectonic transient deformation in the Apennines (Italy), mostly evident in the horizontal components, that correlate with multi-annual hydrological signals as measured by rainfall, GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) and discharge of karst springs. The observed transient signal is superimposed on the long-term ~3mm/yr NE-SW directed active extension, correlates with the seasonal recharge/discharge cycle of groundwater flow and its multi-annual variations and appears to modulate the intensity of tectonic extensional opening in those regions characterized by large carbonate aquifers. In particular, periods of increasing discharge from karstic spring correlate with an enhanced extensional signal, whereas exhaustion periods correlate with reduced extensional signal. Vertical observations, being correlated with GRACE data, reflect the hydrological load variation over regional (European) scale. Horizontal deformations, conversely, affect mostly the sites located near the large carbonate massifs of the Apennines and can't be explained as load induced response. We suggest that the horizontal observed deformation is related to the presence of highly fractured shallow crust that deforms according to variable conditions of the hydraulic head within the large carbonate aquifers. We therefore propose two different models that simulates the effect of a medium permeated with sub-vertical opening fractures. These new findings could contribute to the understanding of the deformation of the large carbonate aquifers and to an improved management of these important natural resources. By focusing on the 2009 L'Aquila earthquake, we finally highlight the difficulties that arise for the estimation of interseimic trends and small tectonic signals in areas affected by such significant non-tectonic deformations.
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Foglietta, Mauro. "Depositional and tectonic controls on reservoir quality on the Apulian Platform margin, southern Apennines, Italy." Thesis, University of Reading, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428163.

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Maggi, Cosmiana <1979&gt. "Detailed study of the seismotectonic setting in the Lucanian Apennines and surrounding areas (Southern Italy)." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/3524/1/Maggi_Cosmiana_tesi.pdf.

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In this research work I analyzed the instrumental seismicity of Southern Italy in the area including the Lucanian Apennines and Bradano foredeep, making use of the most recent seismological database available so far. I examined the seismicity occurred during the period between 2001 and 2006, considering 514 events with magnitudes M ≥ 2.0. In the first part of the work, P- and S-wave arrival times, recorded by the Italian National Seismic Network (RSNC) operated by the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), were re-picked along with those of the SAPTEX temporary array (2001–2004). For some events located in the Upper Val d'Agri, I also used data from the Eni-Agip oil company seismic network. I computed the VP/VS ratio obtaining a value of 1.83 and I carried out an analysis for the one-dimensional (1D) velocity model that approximates the seismic structure of the study area. After this preliminary analysis, making use of the records obtained in the SeSCAL experiment, I incremented the database by handpicking new arrival times. My final dataset consists of 15,666 P- and 9228 S-arrival times associated to 1047 earthquakes with magnitude ML ≥ 1.5. I computed 162 fault-plane solutions and composite focal mechanisms for closely located events. I investigated stress field orientation inverting focal mechanism belonging to the Lucanian Apennine and the Pollino Range, both areas characterized by more concentrated background seismicity. Moreover, I applied the double difference technique (DD) to improve the earthquake locations. Considering these results and different datasets available in the literature, I carried out a detailed analysis of single sub-areas and of a swarm (November 2008) recorded by SeSCAL array. The relocated seismicity appears more concentrated within the upper crust and it is mostly clustered along the Lucanian Apennine chain. In particular, two well-defined clusters were located in the Potentino and in the Abriola-Pietrapertosa sector (central Lucanian region). Their hypocentral depths are slightly deeper than those observed beneath the chain. I suggest that these two seismic features are representative of the transition from the inner portion of the chain with NE-SW extension to the external margin characterized by dextral strike-slip kinematics. In the easternmost part of the study area, below the Bradano foredeep and the Apulia foreland, the seismicity is generally deeper and more scattered and is associated to the Murge uplift and to the small structures present in the area. I also observed a small structure NE-SW oriented in the Abriola-Pietrapertosa area (activated with a swarm in November 2008) that could be considered to act as a barrier to the propagation of a potential rupture of an active NW-SE striking faults system. Focal mechanisms computed in this study are in large part normal and strike-slip solutions and their tensional axes (T-axes) have a generalized NE-SW orientation. Thanks to denser coverage of seismic stations and the detailed analysis, this study is a further contribution to the comprehension of the seismogenesis and state of stress of the Southern Apennines region, giving important contributions to seismotectonic zoning and seismic hazard assessment.
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Maggi, Cosmiana <1979&gt. "Detailed study of the seismotectonic setting in the Lucanian Apennines and surrounding areas (Southern Italy)." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/3524/.

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In this research work I analyzed the instrumental seismicity of Southern Italy in the area including the Lucanian Apennines and Bradano foredeep, making use of the most recent seismological database available so far. I examined the seismicity occurred during the period between 2001 and 2006, considering 514 events with magnitudes M ≥ 2.0. In the first part of the work, P- and S-wave arrival times, recorded by the Italian National Seismic Network (RSNC) operated by the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), were re-picked along with those of the SAPTEX temporary array (2001–2004). For some events located in the Upper Val d'Agri, I also used data from the Eni-Agip oil company seismic network. I computed the VP/VS ratio obtaining a value of 1.83 and I carried out an analysis for the one-dimensional (1D) velocity model that approximates the seismic structure of the study area. After this preliminary analysis, making use of the records obtained in the SeSCAL experiment, I incremented the database by handpicking new arrival times. My final dataset consists of 15,666 P- and 9228 S-arrival times associated to 1047 earthquakes with magnitude ML ≥ 1.5. I computed 162 fault-plane solutions and composite focal mechanisms for closely located events. I investigated stress field orientation inverting focal mechanism belonging to the Lucanian Apennine and the Pollino Range, both areas characterized by more concentrated background seismicity. Moreover, I applied the double difference technique (DD) to improve the earthquake locations. Considering these results and different datasets available in the literature, I carried out a detailed analysis of single sub-areas and of a swarm (November 2008) recorded by SeSCAL array. The relocated seismicity appears more concentrated within the upper crust and it is mostly clustered along the Lucanian Apennine chain. In particular, two well-defined clusters were located in the Potentino and in the Abriola-Pietrapertosa sector (central Lucanian region). Their hypocentral depths are slightly deeper than those observed beneath the chain. I suggest that these two seismic features are representative of the transition from the inner portion of the chain with NE-SW extension to the external margin characterized by dextral strike-slip kinematics. In the easternmost part of the study area, below the Bradano foredeep and the Apulia foreland, the seismicity is generally deeper and more scattered and is associated to the Murge uplift and to the small structures present in the area. I also observed a small structure NE-SW oriented in the Abriola-Pietrapertosa area (activated with a swarm in November 2008) that could be considered to act as a barrier to the propagation of a potential rupture of an active NW-SE striking faults system. Focal mechanisms computed in this study are in large part normal and strike-slip solutions and their tensional axes (T-axes) have a generalized NE-SW orientation. Thanks to denser coverage of seismic stations and the detailed analysis, this study is a further contribution to the comprehension of the seismogenesis and state of stress of the Southern Apennines region, giving important contributions to seismotectonic zoning and seismic hazard assessment.
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Amoroso, Ortensia <1980&gt. "Three dimensional seismic imaging and earthquake locations in a complex, segmented fault region in Southern Apennines (Italy)." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4287/1/amoroso_ortensia_tesi.pdf.

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The southern Apennines of Italy have been experienced several destructive earthquakes both in historic and recent times. The present day seismicity, characterized by small-to-moderate magnitude earthquakes, was used like a probe to obatin a deeper knowledge of the fault structures where the largest earthquakes occurred in the past. With the aim to infer a three dimensional seismic image both the problem of data quality and the selection of a reliable and robust tomographic inversion strategy have been faced. The data quality has been obtained to develop optimized procedures for the measurements of P- and S-wave arrival times, through the use of polarization filtering and to the application of a refined re-picking technique based on cross-correlation of waveforms. A technique of iterative tomographic inversion, linearized, damped combined with a strategy of multiscale inversion type has been adopted. The retrieved P-wave velocity model indicates the presence of a strong velocity variation along a direction orthogonal to the Apenninic chain. This variation defines two domains which are characterized by a relatively low and high velocity values. From the comparison between the inferred P-wave velocity model with a portion of a structural section available in literature, the high velocity body was correlated with the Apulia carbonatic platforms whereas the low velocity bodies was associated to the basinal deposits. The deduced Vp/Vs ratio shows that the ratio is lower than 1.8 in the shallower part of the model, while for depths ranging between 5 km and 12 km the ratio increases up to 2.1 in correspondence to the area of higher seismicity. This confirms that areas characterized by higher values are more prone to generate earthquakes as a response to the presence of fluids and higher pore-pressures.
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9

Amoroso, Ortensia <1980&gt. "Three dimensional seismic imaging and earthquake locations in a complex, segmented fault region in Southern Apennines (Italy)." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4287/.

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The southern Apennines of Italy have been experienced several destructive earthquakes both in historic and recent times. The present day seismicity, characterized by small-to-moderate magnitude earthquakes, was used like a probe to obatin a deeper knowledge of the fault structures where the largest earthquakes occurred in the past. With the aim to infer a three dimensional seismic image both the problem of data quality and the selection of a reliable and robust tomographic inversion strategy have been faced. The data quality has been obtained to develop optimized procedures for the measurements of P- and S-wave arrival times, through the use of polarization filtering and to the application of a refined re-picking technique based on cross-correlation of waveforms. A technique of iterative tomographic inversion, linearized, damped combined with a strategy of multiscale inversion type has been adopted. The retrieved P-wave velocity model indicates the presence of a strong velocity variation along a direction orthogonal to the Apenninic chain. This variation defines two domains which are characterized by a relatively low and high velocity values. From the comparison between the inferred P-wave velocity model with a portion of a structural section available in literature, the high velocity body was correlated with the Apulia carbonatic platforms whereas the low velocity bodies was associated to the basinal deposits. The deduced Vp/Vs ratio shows that the ratio is lower than 1.8 in the shallower part of the model, while for depths ranging between 5 km and 12 km the ratio increases up to 2.1 in correspondence to the area of higher seismicity. This confirms that areas characterized by higher values are more prone to generate earthquakes as a response to the presence of fluids and higher pore-pressures.
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10

Matrullo, Emanuela <1984&gt. "Fault delineation and stress orientations from the analysis of background, low magnitude seismicity in Southern Apennines (Italy)." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4291/1/Matrullo_Emanuela_tesi.pdf.

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The aim of this work was to show that refined analyses of background, low magnitude seismicity allow to delineate the main active faults and to accurately estimate the directions of the regional tectonic stress that characterize the Southern Apennines (Italy), a structurally complex area with high seismic potential. Thanks the presence in the area of an integrated dense and wide dynamic network, was possible to analyzed an high quality microearthquake data-set consisting of 1312 events that occurred from August 2005 to April 2011 by integrating the data recorded at 42 seismic stations of various networks. The refined seismicity location and focal mechanisms well delineate a system of NW-SE striking normal faults along the Apenninic chain and an approximately E-W oriented, strike-slip fault, transversely cutting the belt. The seismicity along the chain does not occur on a single fault but in a volume, delimited by the faults activated during the 1980 Irpinia M 6.9 earthquake, on sub-parallel predominant normal faults. Results show that the recent low magnitude earthquakes belongs to the background seismicity and they are likely generated along the major fault segments activated during the most recent earthquakes, suggesting that they are still active today thirty years after the mainshock occurrences. In this sense, this study gives a new perspective to the application of the high quality records of low magnitude background seismicity for the identification and characterization of active fault systems. The analysis of the stress tensor inversion provides two equivalent models to explain the microearthquake generation along both the NW-SE striking normal faults and the E- W oriented fault with a dominant dextral strike-slip motion, but having different geological interpretations. We suggest that the NW-SE-striking Africa-Eurasia convergence acts in the background of all these structures, playing a primary and unifying role in the seismotectonics of the whole region.
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Books on the topic "Southernl Apennines"

1

Geology and Tectonic Evolution of the Central-Southern Apennines, Italy. Geological Society of America, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/978-0-8137-2469-0.

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Vezzani, Livio, Andrea Festa, and Francesca C. Ghisetti. Geology and Tectonic Evolution of the Central-Southern Apennines, Italy. Geological Society of America, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/spe469.

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Vezzani, Livio, Andrea Festa, and Francesca C. Ghisetti. Geology and Tectonic Evolution of the Central-Southern Apennines, Italy. Geological Society of America, 2010.

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Murchison, Roderick Impey. On the Geological Structure of the Alps, Apennines and Carpathians: More Especially to Prove a Transition from Secondary to Tertiary Rocks, and the Development of Eocene Deposits in Southern Europe. University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations, 2011.

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Murchison, Roderick Impey. On the Geological Structure of the Alps, Apennines and Carpathians: More Especially to Prove a Transition from Secondary to Tertiary Rocks, and the Development of Eocene Deposits in Southern Europe. Cambridge University Press, 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "Southernl Apennines"

1

Behncket, Boris. "Volcanism in the Southern Apennines and Sicily." In Anatomy of an Orogen: the Apennines and Adjacent Mediterranean Basins, 105–20. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9829-3_9.

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Cotecchia, Federica, Francesca Santaloia, Giuseppe Pedone, Claudia Vitone, Piernicola Lollino, and Giuseppina Mitaritonna. "Diagnosis of Slow Landslides Affecting Tectonised Clayey Slopes (Southern Apennines)." In Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 2, 1029–32. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09057-3_180.

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Grasso, Mario. "The Apenninic—Maghrebian orogen in southern Italy, Sicily and adjacent areas." In Anatomy of an Orogen: the Apennines and Adjacent Mediterranean Basins, 255–86. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9829-3_16.

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Lapenna, V., M. Macchiato, S. Piscitelli, and L. Telesca. "Scale-invariance Properties in Seismicity of Southern Apennine Chain (Italy)." In Fractals and Dynamic Systems in Geoscience, 589–601. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8430-3_7.

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Patacca, Etta, and Paolo Scandone. "Late thrust propagation and sedimentary response in the thrust-belt—foredeep system of the Southern Apennines (Pliocene-Pleistocene)." In Anatomy of an Orogen: the Apennines and Adjacent Mediterranean Basins, 401–40. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9829-3_23.

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Valensise, Gianluca, and Daniela Pantosti. "Seismogenic faulting, moment release patterns and seismic hazard along the central and southern Apennines and the Calabrian arc." In Anatomy of an Orogen: the Apennines and Adjacent Mediterranean Basins, 495–512. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9829-3_27.

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Donnarumma, Angelo, Paola Revellino, and Francesco Maria Guadagno. "Frequency–Area Distribution of Historical Landslides in the Sannio Apennine (Southern Italy)." In Lecture Notes in Earth System Sciences, 221–24. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32408-6_51.

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Alessio, Giuliana, Antonella Gorini, Giuseppe Vilardo, and Giovanni Iannaccone. "Low Energy Sequences in Areas with High Seismic Potential: Benevento (Southern Apennines), April 1990." In Earthquake Hazard and Risk, 3–16. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0243-5_1.

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Carannante, G., D. Ruberti, and L. Simone. "Sedimentological and Taphonomic Characterization of Low-Energy Rudist-Dominated Senonian Carbonate Shelves (Southern Apennines, Italy)." In North African Cretaceous Carbonate Platform Systems, 189–201. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0015-4_11.

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Convertito, Vincenzo, Raffaella De Matteis, Annalisa Romeo, Aldo Zollo, and Giovanni Iannaccone. "A Strong Motion Attenuation Relation for Early-warning Application in the Campania Region (Southern Apennines)." In Earthquake Early Warning Systems, 133–52. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72241-0_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Southernl Apennines"

1

Scrocca, D. "Structure of the Southern Apennines." In 64th EAGE Conference & Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201405740.

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Mazzotti, A., G. L. Fradelizio, P. Scandone, E. Stucchi, and L. Zanzi. "Seismic Exploration in Complex Terrains - an Experience in the Southern Apennines." In 60th EAGE Conference and Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201408431.

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Morandi, S., P. Dell‘Aversana, A. Zollo, and L. Improta. "Tomographic Images from "Global Offset" Seismic Data Inversion in Southern Apennines." In 61st EAGE Conference and Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201407823.

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Invernizzi, C., L. Aldega, S. Corrado, C. Giampaolo, M. D‘Errico, S. Mazzoli, M. Schiattarella, and M. Zattin. "Thermal and Thermo-chronological Constraints to the Southern Apennines Evolution, Italy." In 70th EAGE Conference and Exhibition - Workshops and Fieldtrips. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20148081.

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Esestime, P., W. Paltrinieri, and F. Calamita. "The Apulian Chain, Buried Below the Southern Apennines Allochthonous Units (Italy)." In 72nd EAGE Conference and Exhibition incorporating SPE EUROPEC 2010. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201401075.

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Del Ben, Anna, and Icilio Finetti. "Rooted Structuring As Key For Southern Apennine Oil Exploration." In 6th International Congress of the Brazilian Geophysical Society. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.215.sbgf076.

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Finetti, I., and A. Del Ben. "Evolutive Process and Potential Extent of the Southern Apennine Oil Region." In 57th EAEG Meeting. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201409610.

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Bertelli, L., F. Abramo, and V. Gatti. "Seismic While Drilling and Geophysical Monitoring in the Southern Apennine Range." In 60th EAGE Conference and Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201408297.

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Florio, G., M. Fedi, and A. Rapolla. "Interpretation of Regional Aeromagnetic Data by Multilevel Methods: an Example from Southern Apennines (Italy)." In EGM 2007 International Workshop. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.166.b_op_07.

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Cella, F., L. Ferranti, and G. Florio and L. Maschio. "New insights on some structural geometries in Southern Apennines by multiscale analysis of potential fields." In EGM 2010 International Workshop. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.165.c_pp_07.

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