Academic literature on the topic 'Southern Tablelands'
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Journal articles on the topic "Southern Tablelands"
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Garden, D. L., P. M. Dowling, D. A. Eddy, and H. I. Nicol. "A survey of farms on the Central, Southern and Monaro Tablelands of New South Wales: management practices, farmer knowledge of native grasses, and extent of native grass areas." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 40, no. 8 (2000): 1081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea98157.
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Results are presented of a survey of pastoral properties on the Central, Southern and Monaro Tablelands of New South Wales carried out during 1991—92. Landholders were interviewed to obtain information on property size, enterprise types, grazing management, tree clearing, fertiliser history and carrying capacity. In addition, familiarity with native grass species, and knowledge of their value were determined. The main grazing enterprises were wool and beef. The most common form of livestock management was continuous grazing. Most properties had been extensively cleared of trees (average cleared area 80%), and there had been a significant amount of disturbance of the original pastures. This varied from 40% of total property area for the Central and Monaro Tablelands to 60% for the Southern Tablelands. The main form of disturbance was cultivation for pasture sowing or fodder cropping. Landholders had used 80% more fertiliser on disturbed areas than on undisturbed areas, with most fertiliser applied on the Southern Tablelands and least on the Monaro Tablelands. The average carrying capacities of undisturbed and disturbed pastures over the tablelands were 4.3 and 7.7 dry sheep equivalents per hectare, respectively. While most landholders were satisfied with the performance of their sown pastures, there was a lack of knowledge of the contribution of native perennial grasses to pasture production. Using survey data, it was estimated that pastures with native grasses as the major components covered a minimum of 1.38 million hectares or 40% of the surveyed area. With such a large contribution to production, there is a need to assist landholders to identify native perennial grasses so that their potential value can be more fully realised.
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Ayres, J. F., M. J. Blumenthal, L. A. Lane, and J. W. O'Connor. "Birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) and greater lotus (Lotus uliginosus) in perennial pastures in eastern Australia. 2. Adaptation and applications of lotus-based pasture." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46, no. 4 (2006): 521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea04242.
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This co-learning study with greater lotus (Lotus uliginosus Schukr.) and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) was undertaken in the Perennial Pasture Zone of New South Wales (NSW), Australia, in conjunction with 14 community groups. The overall study combined a field experiment investigating grazing management practices with a co-learning study assessing the adaptation and potential applications of these 2 Lotus species. The present paper reports on the co-learning study. Seventeen sites were established on farms situated in the North Coast, Northern Tablelands, North West Slopes, South Coast and Southern Tablelands regions of NSW. Of the 17 co-learning sites, greater lotus or birdsfoot trefoil was established successfully and yielded useful findings at 9 of 10 sites in northern NSW and 3 of 7 sites in southern NSW. Establishment failure of greater lotus or birdsfoot trefoil at the 5 remaining sites was associated with severe drought conditions at, or shortly following, sowing. Results from across the 4 regions are collated to report on the adaptation of the 2 Lotus species to a diversity of climatic, edaphic and management applications. The study has confirmed that greater lotus is a valuable perennial legume for high rainfall coastal plains, coastal low-lands, coastal hill-country and niche tablelands environments where the average annual rainfall (AAR) exceeds 1000 mm. Significantly, the study shows that birdsfoot trefoil has important potential for low fertility acidic soils on tablelands and slopes where the AAR is 650–1000 mm, especially in northern NSW.
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PROSSER, IAN. "Fire, Humans and Denudation at Wangrah Creek, Southern Tablelands, N.S.W." Australian Geographical Studies 28, no. 1 (April 1990): 77–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8470.1990.tb00623.x.
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Sam, Greg A., and Paul Van Buynder. "Q fever cluster in the Southern Tablelands district of NSW." Medical Journal of Australia 163, no. 10 (November 1995): 556. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb124735.x.
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Garden, D. L., P. M. Dowling, D. A. Eddy, and H. I. Nicol. "The influence of climate, soil, and management on the composition of native grass pastures on the central, southern, and Monaro tablelands of New South Wales." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 52, no. 9 (2001): 925. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar98184.
Full textAbstract:
Pastures on 126 properties on the central, southern, and Monaro tablelands were surveyed to determine their botanical composition. Data on climate, soils, pasture sowing, fertiliser history, and stock management were collected to relate current composition to environmental factors and previous management. Native grass-based pastures were found to be widespread, and in many cases, pastures were dominated by native grasses, despite many decades of pasture improvement. Seventeen genera of native perennial grasses comprising over 35 species were identified. The most common species on the central tablelands were Austrodanthonia spp., Bothriochloa macra, and Microlaena stipoides; on the southern tablelands, Austrodanthoniaspp. and M. stipoides; and on the Monaro, Poa spp., Austrodanthonia spp., Themeda australis, and Austrostipa spp. Soil type was the most important factor affecting species distribution, and other soil attributes such as texture, pH, P, and N were also important. Environmental (rainfall) and management (superphosphate application, stock type, stocking rate) factors also influenced distribution. The significant areas of native grass pastures that were found suggest a decline in sown species and a recolonisation of sown pastures with native grasses. The potential for manipulation of botanical composition of these grasslands is discussed, together with their value for production and sustainability.
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Hatcher, S., J. Eppleston, R. P. Graham, J. McDonald, S. Schlunke, B. Watt, and K. J. Thornberry. "Higher weaning weight improves postweaning growth and survival in young Merino sheep." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 7 (2008): 966. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea07407.
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Two monitoring projects were conducted to investigate weaner mortality in commercial Merino flocks in the Yass and the Central Tablelands Rural Lands Protection Boards located in the Southern Tablelands agricultural region of New South Wales. The projects were conducted in Yass in 2005 and in the Central Tablelands in 2006. A random sample of weaners from four flocks in the Yass board and 11 flocks in the Central Tablelands board were regularly weighed, growth rates were calculated after weaning and survival was determined by the continuing presence of an individual weaner at subsequent weighing activities. Weaning weight was the most important factor in determining postweaning liveweight, growth rates and survival with the significant impact of weaning weight on liveweight persisting for up to 6 months after weaning. Despite the lightest weaners being capable of considerable compensatory growth given sufficient postweaning nutrition, the lightest 25% of weaners were more than twice as likely to die as heavier weaners. A focus on ewe nutrition and parasite control during late pregnancy and lactation will allow Merino producers to achieve higher weaning weights that will set their weaners up for strong postweaning growth with a decreased likelihood of mortality.
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Ayres, J. F., M. J. Blumenthal, J. W. O'Connor, L. A. Lane, and H. I. Nicol. "Birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) and greater lotus (Lotus uliginosus) in perennial pastures in eastern Australia. 1. Effects of grazing management on persistence." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46, no. 4 (2006): 503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea04241.
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A study was undertaken in the Perennial Pasture Zone in New South Wales, Australia, to investigate the potential of lotus-based pastures (greater lotus, Lotus uliginosus Schukr.; birdsfoot trefoil, Lotus corniculatus L.) to improve grazing production. The study was based on a methodology that combined a grazing experiment to determine the effects of grazing management on lotus persistence, with a co-learning phase to assess the adaptation and applications of lotus across the high rainfall zone. The present paper reports on the grazing experiment that was replicated in 4 regions (North Coast, South Coast, Northern Tablelands, Southern Tablelands) and that included combinations of grazing strategy (summer rest, autumn rest, 14-day spell or 28-day spell), grazing intensity (low or high herbage mass), Lotus species and cultivar (L. uliginosus cvv. Grasslands Maku, Sharnae; L. corniculatus cv. Grasslands Goldie or ‘Spanish’ breeding line) and companion grass (sown or volunteer) treatments. The experiment provided results for the establishment and botanical presence of both Lotus species, and the expression of their persistence mechanisms in these 4 environments. Greater lotus cv. Grasslands Maku established best under coastal conditions and birdsfoot trefoil cv. Grasslands Goldie established best under tablelands conditions. The degree of nodulation of greater lotus cv. Sharnae and birdsfoot trefoil cv. Grasslands Goldie was less than nodulation of greater lotus cv. Grasslands Maku, but nodulation had no apparent effect on seedling vigour. The population density of all Lotus cultivars declined substantially at the North Coast, South Coast and Southern Tablelands sites during severe drought conditions. However, both birdsfoot trefoil cv. Grasslands Goldie and greater lotus cv. Grasslands Maku remained relatively stable at the Northern Tablelands site with greater lotus cv. Grasslands Maku maintaining 20–40% presence and birdsfoot trefoil cv. Grasslands Goldie retaining 30–50% presence, depending on time of year. In general, there was little effect of grazing management practice on arresting the decline in lotus presence due to drought, or on enhancing the regeneration processes associated with lotus persistence.
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Gilfedder, Louise. "Grassland Flora: a field guide for the Southern Tablelands (NSW and ACT)." Pacific Conservation Biology 5, no. 3 (1999): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc990240.
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There has been a recent flurry of field guides to grassy ecosystems in southeastern Australia, and all the publications have been excellent. This attractive field guide is no exception. It is a spiral-bound A-sized booklet, ideal for the glovebox or the backpack. It is easy to use for both the novice and expert, with colour coding separating sections on grasses, rushes and sedges, lilies, orchids, forbs, ferns, shrubs and trees. Within each life form section entries are alphabetical for grasses and sedges, but generally species are grouped together based on the colour of their flowers. And an excellent addition is the inclusion of weeds ? many interested users will be very pleased to sort out which species are native or not ? often a challenge in grasslands! The text is informative and uses non-technical language. It is most helpful to have notes on similar species and how to tell the difference. Large colour symbols clearly indicate if a species is annual, exotic, noxious or threatened. Brief management notes are also very practical and informative. A short glossary and explanation of terms also makes this a useful guide, especially for beginners. A brief but adequate introduction outlines the conservation plight of native grasslands, and gives information on threatened plant species and plant communities, grassland animals and management of grassy ecosystems. This is an excellent publication, very comprehensive, great value and useable throughout southeastern Australia. Every time I have had my copy in the field a landowner has grabbed it, and then several of their mates ring up for a copy too.
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Culvenor, Richard, Suzanne Boschma, and Kevin Reed. "Recurrent selection for grazing tolerance in winter-active populations of the perennial grass, Phalaris aquatica L." NZGA: Research and Practice Series 12 (January 1, 2006): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.12.2006.3041.
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Phalaris (Phalaris aquatica L.) is a perennial grass of Mediterranean origin used widely by the sheep and cattle industries of south-eastern Australia. Winter-active cultivars released since the 1970's have the potential for higher herbage productivity than the earlier, semi-winter dormant cultivars but have been reported to be less persistent under sub-optimal grazing management and soil conditions. To improve genetic potential for persistence in winter-active phalaris, a program of recurrent selection was conducted by subjecting three populations of half-sib families to two cycles of selection for persistence under heavy, largely continuous grazing pressure. Cycle 2 progeny families and bulked seedlots of each generation were grown in separate grazed plot trials in Western Victoria and the Southern Tablelands and North-West Slopes of New South Wales from 1999-2003 to assess response to selection. Positive linear response to selection was observed in all populations at the Western Victorian and Southern Tablelands sites. Response to selection was absent and persistence was very low under higher temperature and drought stress on the North-West Slopes. This high level of genotype × environment interaction for persistence was also observed among final generation families. Families with better persistence than current winteractive cultivars at the two southern sites were identified in each population and a new cultivar is being formed from the parents.
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Neil, D. T., and R. K. Mazari. "Sediment yield mapping using small dam sedimentation surveys, Southern Tablelands, New South Wales." CATENA 20, no. 1-2 (February 1993): 13–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0341-8162(93)90026-l.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Southern Tablelands"
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Katijua, Mutjinde, and n/a. "The effects of remnant patches of Eucalyptus open woodlands on the composition, quality and production of native pastures on the Southern Tablelands." University of Canberra. Resource, Environmental & Heritage Sciences, 1997. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060807.130528.
Full textAbstract:
Clearance of Eucalyptus woodlands has resulted in soil deterioration and lost
agricultural production, due to wind erosion, salinity and soil acidity. Despite
increasing efforts to reverse these trends through Landcare and other revegetation
and agroforestry programs, there is a lack of experimentally-based information
about the effects of trees on native pasture performance.
The study was carried out in a temperate environment (Southern Tablelands, New
South Wales). The altitude at the study sites ranged from 740 to 880m and the
aspect at the experimental plots varied from SE to SW. The nearest site was 16 km
from Canberra Airport and all sites were situated within similar rainfall isohyets as
Canberra Airport. Thus climatic conditions were expected to be similar. Climate
records at Canberra Airport indicate that January is the hottest month with mean
maximum temperature of 27.7 �C and July is the coldest month with a maximum of
11.1 �C. Rainfall in the area ranges from 37.5 to 66.0 mm monthly average in June
and October respectively. The main tree species in the study area were Eucalyptus
pauciflora, E. melliodora and E. mannifera. Furthermore, Poa labillardieri, P.
sieberiana, Themeda australis, Danthonia penicillata and Microlaena stipoides
were the most abundant pasture species on the experimental plots. Species of clover
(Trifolium spp.) were also abundant among the herbs.
This study used pasture assessment techniques to quantify the effects of remnant
patches of Eucalyptus open woodlands on the composition, quality and biomass
production of herbaceous understorey vegetation. Microclimate and soil nutrients
were also compared under trees and in the open. In addition, consumption by
vertebrate grazers under Eucalyptus trees and in the open was compared. Tree
density and basal area were compared with herbage standing crop.
Remnant patches of Eucalyptus open woodlands modify the microclimate by
reducing wind reaching the understorey vegetation. However no significant effects
on ambient air temperature and relative humidity were recorded. The effect of trees
on soil moisture was contingent to differences between the four sites and soil depth.
Despite a 13% higher soil organic matter in the top 15 cm of soil under trees, soil
total nitrogen and total phosphorus did not differ from that in the open. Surface soil
pH values were lower (by 0.2 units) under the trees.
No significant effect of trees on pasture species richness was found. However the
classification of quadrats on the basis of species presence showed a distinction
between species composition under trees and in the open at one of the four sites.
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The contribution of pasture species to total dry weight on plots under trees and in
the open did depend on the particular species involved and was also contingent to
differences between sites. However at the sites where Vulpia bromoides and Poa
sieberiana were abundant, the two species dominated the biomass under trees.
Whereas Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides dominated the biomass under trees at
two sites and in the open at only one of the four sites.
Pasture total N content differed between sites. Two of the sites had significantly
higher (5.9% and 19.7%) N content under trees. On the contrary, pastures at one site
contained 18.7% higher N content in the open. The total P content was 18% higher
in pastures under trees. Overall, the pasture standing crop under trees was 15% less
than in the open during August to May. Vertebrate grazers consumed about the
same amount of pasture under the trees and in the open at the four experimental
sites.
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Brown, Peter Robert, and n/a. "Pasture response following rabbit control on grazing land." University of Canberra. Resource & Environmental Science, 1993. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20061113.144813.
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The experiments described in this thesis were designed to assess changes in pasture
dynamics (biomass and species composition of pasture) of grazing land on the Southern
Tablelands of ACT and NSW, after 16 combinations of rabbit control treatments had been
applied. The rabbit control performed by CSIRO Division of Wildlife and Ecology
consisted of all combinations of presence-absence of Poisoning (using sodium
monofluoroacetate, 1080: POIS), Ripping (ripping warrens using a tractor fitted with
ripping tynes: RIP), Fumigation (pressure fumigation using chloropicrin: FUM) and
repeated follow-up fumigation (using phostoxin pellets one, six and eighteen months after
completion of the initial treatment: ANN). The pasture was assessed before treatments
were applied, and every six months after rabbit control treatments. Treatment
combinations were assigned randomly in a 24 factorial design on a total of 32 sites.
There was a significant increase of pasture biomass at the RIP+ANN treatment at
post-treatment sample 5. The analysis of covariance did not detect any other significant
increase or decrease of pasture biomass for any rabbit control treatment, at any posttreatment
sample.
A significant increase of grass species occurred for the treatments of
POIS+RIP+FUM, POIS and RIP+ANN for the post-treatment samples of 1, 3 and 5
respectively. There was a significant increase of thistles at the rabbit control treatments of
POIS+RIP+FUM+ANN (post-treatment sample 1), RIP, ANN, RIP+FUM,
RIP+FUM+ANN and POIS+RIP+FUM+ANN (post-treatment sample 3) and RIP and
FUM+ANN (post-treatment sample 5). A significant increase of weeds occurred at FUM
(post-treatment sample 3) and at FUM+ANN (post-treatment sample 5). No significant
changes in the amount of herbs or legumes was apparent for any rabbit control treatment or
post-treatment sample. There were no significant decreases for any species group. Except
for the significant results for post-treatment sample 1, all significant increases of biomass
for any species group occurred during spring (post-treatment sample 3 and 5) which
suggests a growth phase during spring then subsequent dieback (particularly for thistles and
weeds), as any change was not detected in the following autumn sample. No strong trend
is evident for any particular rabbit control treatments, or any combination of treatments.
Analysis of covariance revealed that the rabbit control treatment of RIP+ANN
showed significant increases in both total biomass of pasture and grass biomass during
post-treatment sample 5. This treatment reduced the number of active entrances the most.
Significant positive correlations were found between pasture biomass (total) with
grass, herb, legume, thistle and weed species groups. Significant negative correlations
between grass biomass and the number of active entrances were found when the rabbit
control had been highly effective in reducing the number of active entrances. When rabbit
control had not been very successful, there was a significant positive but low correlation
with the number of active entrances. There was no significant relationship between the
number of active entrances with the weight of rabbit dung pellets. It is reasoned that they
are different measures of rabbit abundance. More rabbit dung pellets were found closer to
the warren than further away from the warren, but there was no correlation between rabbit
dung and pasture biomass.
Rainfall was above average for most of the experiment, biomass increased
accordingly, and rabbit control was highly successful. The resulting changes in the pasture
were difficult to detect, although some increases in species composition groups occurred.
It is reasoned that the changes observed are partly attributable to seasonal conditions, and
to high rainfall. Grazing by domestic animals, sheep and cattle, had been found to be
consistent throughout the experiment.
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Chang, Yu-Jen, and 張育仁. "Surface Deformation and Subsurface Structure of the Southern Taoyuan Tablelands, Northwestern Taiwan." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/bm6x23.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中央大學
地球物理研究所
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The main topography in Taiwan Island is tipical structure and ranges with a N—S strike because of the direction of plate movement and the geometry of plate boundary. In addition, The existence of Kuanyin High causes a series of structures with a E—W strike developing in northwestern Taiwan and dominating the deformation of entire area, such as Hukou fault. Besides, since southern Taoyuan Tablelands area is one of the most populated area in northwestern Taiwan, the tectonic activity and the potential geological hazard of this area is an important issue for Taiwan. The Hukou fault in southern Taoyaun Tablelands is evaluated as one of the major and active structures in northwestern Taiwan, along which some industrial parks and communities are well developed. In order to realize the interaction between surface deformation behavior and subsurface structure of this area, we mainly apply DInSAR-technique to engage this study, and cooperate strain rate field analysis, pebble-frature paleostress analysis, and simulated surface deformation from fault model. The interferometric results reveal that the Pingchen area has a few local deformation center, but the surface deformation patterns is not clear to observe in the vicinity of the fault zone. However, the result of pebble-frature paleostress analysis and strain rate field analysis indicate that study area is under a NW-SE stress field(111°~141°) and has slightly obvious strain strength along Hukou fault.Otherwise, we construct a subsurface structure including four faults with distinct dip, and simulate the surface deformation by giving various slip rates. Unexpectedly, the optimum result is well consist with the DInSAR result. The result implies that Hukou is still active with a subtle slip rate around 0.5 cm/yr and influence the suface deformation behavior of southern Taoyuan Tablelands in recent day.
Books on the topic "Southern Tablelands"
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McGowan, Barry. Lost mines revisited: Historic mining communities of the Monaro, Southern Tablelands, and South West Slopes Districts of New South Wales. Canberra, ACT: B. McGowan, 1996.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Southern Tablelands"
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Osborne, W. S., K. Kukolic, and K. D. Williams. "Conservation of reptiles in lowland native grasslands in the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory." In Herpetology in Australia, 151–58. P.O. Box 20, Mosman NSW 2088, Australia: Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.7882/rzsnsw.1993.022.
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Barker, Graeme, and David Mattingly. "Cores and Peripheries Revisited: The Mining Landscapes of Wadi Faynan (Southern Jordan) 5000 BC–AD 700." In Communities and Connections. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199230341.003.0015.
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One of Barry Cunliffe’s major areas of research interest has been societies in transition, especially in the context of core/periphery relationships between expanding states and societies on their margins. Much of this work has been on the relationships between Rome and the Iron Age societies of southern Britain on the northwestern margins of the empire, and the subsequent pathways of resistance, interaction, and transformation. In this chapter we focus on events and processes on the opposite margins of the Roman empire in the Levant, where the Nabataean state was formally incorporated into the Roman imperial system some sixty years after the Claudian invasion of Britain. We draw on the results of the Wadi Faynan Landscape Survey (1996–2000), an interdisciplinary and diachronic investigation of evidence of environmental and climatic change, settlement pattern, and human activity in the Wadi Faynan in southern Jordan (figure 7.1). Situated about 40 kilometres from the Nabataean capital of Petra, the Wadi Faynan lies in the hot and hyper-arid Jordanian Desert, at a distinctive and spectacular mountain front that reaches 1500m above the desert floor. This landform marks the eastern margin of the desert lowlands of the great Jordanian rift valley, with the trough of the Wadi ‘Arabah to the south and west, and the highlands of the Mountains of Edom and the Jordanian tablelands to the east and north (Bienkowski and Galor 2006). The mean summer temperature on the Jordanian tablelands is in the order of 178c, compared with winter temperatures of about 12ºc (Bruins 2006; Rabb’a 1994). Winter temperatures on the desert floor in the Wadi Faynan are much the same as on the plateau, but in summer temperatures frequently reach 40ºc. Seasonality is strong, with most rain falling between December and March and virtually no precipitation occurring between June and September. Annual rainfall in the lower Wadi Faynan is around 63mm and even less in theWadi ‘Arabah (‘Aqaba receives 30mm for example), whereas the Jordanian Tablelands have an average precipitation exceeding 200mm per year.
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Poiner, Gretchen. "A community in crisis: bushfire in a district of the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales." In Australian Ways, 33–50. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003114987-3.
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